Battery power supply regulating circuit, regulating method, charging line and terminal device
By using a dual-cell battery power regulation circuit, which combines a Buck step-down circuit and a charge pump circuit, the problems of heat generation and low efficiency during single-cell battery charging are solved, resulting in a more efficient charging process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MEIZU TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2021-08-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
When charging existing single-cell batteries, the high voltage causes severe overheating of the battery circuit board, increasing hardware costs and resulting in low charging efficiency.
The system employs a dual-cell battery power regulation circuit, including a Buck step-down circuit module, a first charge pump circuit module, and a second charge pump circuit module. Through control at different stages, it achieves current and voltage regulation, thereby reducing heat generation.
It improves charging efficiency, reduces heat generation in charging cables and battery circuit boards, and lowers hardware costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN113725958B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery charging technology, and in particular to a battery power regulation circuit, regulation method, charging cable and terminal device. Background Technology
[0002] A rechargeable battery is a battery with a limited number of recharge cycles, used in conjunction with a charger. By charging the battery, it can be reused, which helps meet economic and environmental needs. The charging process is the reverse of the discharging process; specifically, it is the process of converting electrical energy into chemical energy stored in the battery.
[0003] Currently, most terminal devices use single-cell batteries for charging. However, because a single-cell battery's voltage is around 4.5V when fully charged, the circuit board on the battery side heats up significantly when the charging current exceeds 8A. To address this, the battery connector typically needs to be replaced with one that has lower impedance and higher current capacity, increasing hardware costs. Furthermore, wiring and heat dissipation within the battery side circuit board become more difficult. To meet heat dissipation requirements, the charging power of a typical single-cell battery is around 36W, resulting in relatively low charging efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a battery power regulation circuit, regulation method, charging cable and terminal device that can improve charging efficiency.
[0005] This disclosure provides a battery power regulation circuit for charging a dual-cell battery. The circuit includes: a Buck step-down circuit module, a first charge pump circuit module, a second charge pump circuit module, a battery charge / discharge control module, and a system power supply module.
[0006] The input terminals of the Buck step-down circuit module and the first charge pump circuit module are respectively connected to AC / DC adapters. The first output terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module is connected to the second charge pump circuit module. The second output terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module is connected to the system power supply module. The battery charge / discharge control module is connected to the controlled terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module, the controlled terminal of the first charge pump circuit module, the controlled terminal of the second charge pump circuit module, and the dual-cell battery. The first charge pump circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module are respectively connected to the dual-cell battery. The second charge pump circuit module is also connected to the system power supply module.
[0007] The battery charge and discharge control module is a control module that controls the Buck step-down circuit module, the first charge pump circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module to work in the corresponding charge and discharge stages.
[0008] The Buck step-down circuit module operates in the trickle charging stage, the constant voltage charging stage, and the charging cutoff stage; on the one hand, it supplies power to the system power supply module, and on the other hand, it charges the dual-cell battery after being boosted by the second charge pump circuit module.
[0009] The first charge pump circuit module operates in the constant current charging stage, and is a circuit module that makes the current output by the first charge pump circuit module less than the input current and the voltage output by the charge pump circuit module less than the input voltage.
[0010] The second charge pump circuit module also operates in the discharge phase, which is a circuit module that converts the discharge voltage of the dual-cell battery into a voltage suitable for the system power supply module.
[0011] In some embodiments, the Buck step-down circuit module includes: a Buck controller, an input capacitor, an output capacitor, an output inductor, and a charging voltage and current controller, wherein the Buck controller includes a first transistor and a second transistor;
[0012] The battery information of the battery being charged is transmitted to the charging voltage and current controller. The first transistor and the output inductor are connected in series between the AC / DC adapter and the battery being charged. The input capacitor is connected in series between the input terminal of the first transistor and ground. The output capacitor is connected in series between the output terminal of the output inductor and ground. One end of the second transistor is connected between the first transistor and the output inductor, and the other end is grounded. The battery being charged is either a battery in a dual-cell battery or a battery in the system power supply module.
[0013] During the charging phase of the output inductor, the first transistor is turned on and the second transistor is turned off.
[0014] During the discharge phase of the output inductor, the first transistor is cut off and the second transistor is turned on.
[0015] In some embodiments, the first charge pump circuit module includes N charge pump circuit sub-modules connected in parallel; N ≥ 1 and is an integer;
[0016] The controlled terminals of the N charge pump circuit submodules are respectively connected to the battery charge and discharge control module.
[0017] In some embodiments, the charge pump circuit submodule includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, and a sixth transistor;
[0018] The input terminal of the third transistor and one end of the third capacitor are connected to an AC / DC adapter, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded. The output terminal of the third transistor and the input terminal of the fourth transistor are both connected to the first end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the input terminal of the sixth transistor and the output terminal of the fifth transistor. The output terminal of the sixth transistor is grounded. The output terminal of the fourth transistor, the input terminal of the fifth transistor, and one end of the second capacitor are all connected to a dual-cell battery. The other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
[0019] During the capacitor series connection phase, the third and fifth transistors are turned on, while the fourth and sixth transistors are turned off.
[0020] During the parallel capacitor phase, the fourth and sixth transistors are turned on, while the third and fifth transistors are turned off.
[0021] In some embodiments, the charge pump circuit submodule includes: a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a ninth transistor, a tenth transistor, an eleventh transistor, a twelfth transistor, and a thirteenth transistor.
[0022] One end of the fourth capacitor and the input terminal of the seventh transistor are both connected to the AC / DC adapter. The other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded. The output terminal of the seventh transistor and the input terminal of the eighth transistor are both connected to one end of the fifth capacitor. The other end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the input terminals of the ninth and tenth transistors. The output terminals of the ninth and thirteenth transistors are both grounded. The input terminal of the thirteenth transistor and the output terminal of the twelfth transistor are both connected to one end of the sixth capacitor. The other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the output terminals of the tenth and eleventh transistors. The output terminal of the eighth transistor, the input terminals of the eleventh and twelfth transistors, and one end of the seventh capacitor are all connected to the dual-cell battery. The other end of the seventh capacitor is grounded.
[0023] During the capacitor series connection phase, transistors seven, ten, and twelfth are turned on, while transistors eight, nine, eleven, and thirteenth are turned off.
[0024] During the parallel capacitor phase, transistors 8, 9, 11, and 13 are turned on, while transistors 7, 10, and 12 are turned off.
[0025] In some embodiments, the second charge pump circuit module includes: an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor, a fourteenth transistor, a fifteenth transistor, a sixteenth transistor, a seventeenth transistor, an eighteenth transistor, and a nineteenth transistor;
[0026] One end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the output of the fourteenth transistor and the input of the fifteenth transistor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the output of the sixteenth transistor and the input of the seventeenth transistor. The output of the seventeenth transistor is grounded. The inputs of the fourteenth and eighteenth transistors and one end of the tenth capacitor are all connected to an AC / DC adapter. The other end of the tenth capacitor is grounded. The outputs of the eighteenth and fifteenth transistors are both connected to the input of the nineteenth transistor. The input of the sixteenth transistor, the output of the nineteenth transistor, and one end of the ninth capacitor are all connected to a dual-cell battery. The other end of the ninth capacitor is grounded.
[0027] During the charging phase of the dual-cell battery, the second charge pump circuit module operates in two phases: a first charging phase and a first discharging phase.
[0028] During the first charging phase, transistors fourteen and seventeen are turned on, while transistors fifteen, sixteen, eighteen, and nineteen are turned off.
[0029] During the first discharge phase, transistors 15, 16, and 18 are turned on, while transistors 14, 17, and 19 are turned off.
[0030] During the discharge phase of the dual-cell battery, the operation of the second charge pump circuit module includes a second charging phase and a second discharging phase.
[0031] During the second charging phase, transistors fourteen and sixteen are turned on, while transistors fifteen, seventeen, eighteen, and nineteen are turned off.
[0032] During the second discharge phase, transistors 15, 17, and 19 are turned on, while transistors 14, 16, and 18 are turned off.
[0033] This disclosure also provides a battery power regulation method, executed based on any of the above-described battery power regulation circuits, the method comprising:
[0034] The battery charge and discharge control module collects the charging voltage and charging current of the dual-cell battery in real time, and determines the charging and discharging stage of the dual-cell battery based on the charging voltage and charging current.
[0035] During the trickle charging phase, the battery charge and discharge control module controls the Buck step-down circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module to turn on and operate; the second charge pump circuit module plays a boosting role.
[0036] During the constant current charging phase, the battery charge and discharge control module also controls the first charge pump circuit module to turn on and operate, so that the current output by the first charge pump circuit module is less than the input current, and the voltage output by the first charge pump circuit module is less than the input voltage.
[0037] During the constant voltage charging phase and the charging cutoff phase, the battery charge and discharge control module controls the first charge pump circuit module to shut down;
[0038] During the discharge phase, the battery charge / discharge control module controls the second charge pump circuit module to turn on, so as to convert the discharge voltage of the dual-cell battery into a voltage suitable for the system power supply module.
[0039] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge control module determines the charge / discharge stage of the dual-cell battery based on the charging voltage and charging current, including:
[0040] The charge / discharge control module identifies the port type of the AC / DC adapter to determine the voltage and current thresholds;
[0041] The charge / discharge control module compares the real-time collected charging voltage with the voltage threshold and the real-time collected charging current with the current threshold to determine the charge / discharge stage of the dual-cell battery.
[0042] This disclosure also provides a charging cable including any of the above-described battery power regulation circuits.
[0043] This disclosure also provides a terminal device, which includes a dual-cell battery. The dual-cell battery is charged using any of the above-described battery power regulation circuits, or using any of the above-described battery power regulation methods, or using any of the above-described charging cables.
[0044] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0045] The dual-cell battery power regulation circuit provided in this embodiment includes a first charge pump circuit module and a second charge pump circuit module. During the trickle charging, constant voltage charging, and charging cutoff stages, due to the small current and low heat generation, a Buck converter can be used to reduce the voltage first, supplying power to the system power supply module while the second charge pump circuit module boosts the voltage to charge the dual-cell battery. During the constant current charging stage, the first charge pump circuit module can be used to control the charging current, ensuring that its output current is greater than its input current. This reduces the current transmitted through the charging cable during high-current charging. Since the charging cable has a certain impedance, based on the power calculation formula I... 2R represents power, which corresponds to heat generation. When the current decreases, the heat generation also decreases, thereby reducing the heat generation on the charging cable. Similarly, it can reduce the heat generation on the charging chip and PCB, thus reducing the overall heat generation of the charging circuit and ensuring higher charging efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0046] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.
[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery power regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship of a Buck step-down circuit module in a battery power regulation circuit, as provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.
[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the state of the inductor in the charging phase in the Buck step-down circuit module provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;
[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the state of the inductor in the discharge phase in the Buck step-down circuit module provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;
[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another battery power regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first charge pump circuit module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0054] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the state of the first charge pump circuit module in the capacitor series connection stage.
[0055] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the state of the first charge pump circuit module in the capacitor parallel connection stage.
[0056] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of another first charge pump circuit module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;
[0057] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the state of the first charge pump circuit module in the capacitor series connection stage.
[0058] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the state of the first charge pump circuit module in the capacitor parallel connection stage.
[0059] Figure 12 This disclosure provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a second charge pump circuit module according to an embodiment;
[0060] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the second charge pump circuit module in the charging phase of the battery cell.
[0061] Figure 14 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the second charge pump circuit module in the state where the charge pump is in the discharge phase when the battery cell is in the charging phase.
[0062] Figure 15 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the second charge pump circuit module in the state where the charge pump is in the charging stage when the battery cell is in the discharging stage.
[0063] Figure 16 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the second charge pump circuit module in the state where the charge pump is in the discharge phase when the battery cell is in the discharge phase.
[0064] Figure 17 This is a schematic flowchart of a battery power regulation method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0065] Among them, 010 is a dual-cell battery; 020 is an AC / DC adapter; 110 is a Buck step-down circuit module; 120 is a first charge pump circuit module; 125 is a charge pump circuit sub-module; 130 is a second charge pump circuit module; 140 is a battery charging and discharging control module; 150 is a system power supply module; 201 is a Buck controller; 202 is an input capacitor; 203 is an output capacitor; 204 is an output inductor; 205 is a charging voltage and current controller; C1 is a first capacitor; C2 is a second capacitor; C3 is a third capacitor; C4 is a fourth capacitor; C5 is a fifth capacitor; C6 is a sixth capacitor; and C7 is a seventh capacitor. C8, eighth capacitor; C9, ninth capacitor; C10, tenth capacitor; Q1, first transistor; Q2, second transistor; Q3, third transistor; Q4, fourth transistor; Q5, fifth transistor; Q6, sixth transistor; Q7, seventh transistor; Q8, eighth transistor; Q9, ninth transistor; Q10, tenth transistor; Q11, eleventh transistor; Q12, twelfth transistor; Q13, thirteenth transistor; Q14, fourteenth transistor; Q15, fifteenth transistor; Q16, sixteenth transistor; Q17, seventeenth transistor; Q18, eighteenth transistor; Q19, nineteenth transistor. Detailed Implementation
[0066] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.
[0067] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.
[0068] The dual-cell battery power regulation circuit provided in this embodiment includes a first charge pump circuit module and a second charge pump circuit module. During the trickle charging, constant voltage charging, and charging cutoff stages, due to the small current and low heat generation, a Buck converter circuit module can be used to step down the voltage. This provides power to the system power supply module while the second charge pump circuit module boosts the voltage to charge the dual-cell battery. During the constant current charging stage, the first charge pump circuit module can be used for control, resulting in high charging efficiency and reduced heat generation during high-current charging. Optionally, the first charge pump circuit module may include a 1 / 2-times buck charge pump (whose input voltage is twice the output voltage and whose input current is half the output current), or a 1 / 3-times buck charge pump (whose input voltage is three times the output voltage and whose input current is one-third of the output current), or other types of buck charge pumps. These are not limited here, but will be illustrated exemplarily below.
[0069] During the discharge phase, the voltage is stepped down through the second charge pump circuit module, and the dual-cell battery is used to power the system power supply module.
[0070] The following is combined Figure 1-17 The present disclosure provides an exemplary description of the charging circuit, charging method, charging cable, and terminal device for the dual-cell battery provided in the embodiments.
[0071] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery power regulation circuit according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. (Refer to...) Figure 1The battery power regulation circuit is used to charge the dual-cell battery 010, and the battery power regulation circuit may include: a Buck step-down circuit module 110, a first charge pump circuit module 120, a second charge pump circuit module 130, a battery charge / discharge control module 140, and a system power supply module 150; the input terminals of the Buck step-down circuit module 110 and the first charge pump circuit module 120 are respectively connected to an AC / DC adapter 020; the first output terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module 110 is connected to the second charge pump circuit module 130; the second output terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module 110 is connected to the system power supply module 150; the battery charge / discharge control module 140 is connected to the controlled terminals of the Buck step-down circuit module 110, the first charge pump circuit module 120, the second charge pump circuit module 130, and the dual-cell battery 010; the first charge pump circuit module 120 and the second charge pump circuit module 130 are respectively connected to the dual-cell battery 010. The second charge pump circuit module 130 is also connected to the system power supply module 150; the battery charge / discharge control module 140 is a control module that controls the Buck step-down circuit module 110, the first charge pump circuit module 120, and the second charge pump circuit module 130 to operate in the corresponding charge / discharge stages; the Buck step-down circuit module 110 operates in the trickle charging stage, the constant voltage charging stage, and the charging cutoff stage; on the one hand, it supplies power to the system power supply module 150, and on the other hand, it charges the dual-cell battery 010 after being boosted by the second charge pump circuit module 130; the first charge pump circuit module 120 operates in the constant current charging stage, and is a circuit module that makes the current output by the first charge pump circuit module 120 less than the input current, and makes the voltage output by the charge pump circuit module less than the input voltage; the second charge pump circuit module 130 also operates in the discharge stage, and is a circuit module that converts the discharge voltage of the dual-cell battery 010 into a voltage suitable for the system power supply module 150. In the following text, "dual-cell battery" can also be simply referred to as "battery".
[0072] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the battery charging stages may include a trickle charging stage, a constant current charging stage, a constant voltage charging stage, and a charging cutoff stage. The trickle charging stage can be understood as a "pre-charge stage," which is a low-current charging stage; the constant current charging stage is a stage where a constant current value is used for charging, during which the charging voltage gradually increases; the constant voltage charging stage is a stage where a constant voltage value is used for charging, during which the charging current gradually decreases; in the charging cutoff stage, the charging current becomes increasingly smaller, and when it decreases to a certain level, it corresponds to the battery being fully charged. For example, this corresponds to prompting the user that the battery is fully charged.
[0073] For example, during the charging phase, the circuit modules may work together as follows for different phases.
[0074] During the trickle charging phase, when the battery voltage is below 6V or around 6V, a constant current of up to 0.1C can be used to charge the battery.
[0075] For example, the battery charge / discharge control module 140 first determines the port type of the power adapter (i.e., AC / DC adapter 020). The port type may include, for example, a Standard Downstream Port (SDP), a Dedicated Charging Port (DCP), a Charging Downstream Port (CDP), or other ports known to those skilled in the art.
[0076] Specifically, when the port type of the AC / DC adapter 020 is a standard downstream port SDP, it represents a USB interface that can be plugged into a computer, with a current of 500mA and a voltage of 5V. When the port type of the AC / DC adapter 020 is a charging downstream port CDP, it is similar to a hub and can be a hub with multiple interfaces, with a current of 1A-1.5A and a voltage of 5V. In both cases, the output voltage of the AC / DC adapter 020 is also 5V. The battery charging and discharging control module 140 will control the operation by turning on the Buck step-down circuit module 110 and the second charge pump circuit module 130, and turning off the first charge pump circuit module 120. Thus, the Buck step-down circuit module first steps down the voltage to supply power to the system power supply module 150, and then the second charge pump circuit module 130 boosts the voltage to charge the dual-cell battery 010.
[0077] When the AC / DC adapter 020 uses a dedicated charging port (DCP), the battery charge / discharge control module 140 will not use a boost control protocol with the AC / DC adapter 020. The output voltage of the AC / DC adapter 020 will also be 5V. The battery charge / discharge control module 140 will then control the following: turn on the Buck step-down circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module 130, and turn off the first charge pump circuit module 120. Thus, the Buck step-down circuit module first steps down the voltage to supply power to the system power supply module 150; simultaneously, the second charge pump circuit module 130 boosts the voltage to charge the dual-cell battery 010.
[0078] During the constant current charging phase, when the charging voltage exceeds a set voltage threshold and the charging current exceeds a set current threshold (e.g., 1A or 2A), the battery charge / discharge control module 140 will activate the first charge pump circuit module 120. The battery charge / discharge control module 140 will also establish a boost control protocol with the AC / DC adapter 020, controlling the AC / DC adapter 020 to output dynamic voltage and dynamic current to the first charge pump circuit module 120. At this time, the first charge pump circuit module 120 will perform high-current charging. The working principle and process of the first charge pump circuit module 120 will be exemplarily explained later with reference to the accompanying drawings. Simultaneously, the Buck step-down circuit module 110 will also be activated to supply power to the system power supply module 150; optionally, the second charge pump circuit module 130 can also be activated to distribute a portion of the charging current. It is understandable that because the Buck step-down circuit module 110 is inefficient and generates a lot of heat, it cannot distribute a large charging current. This also determines that the second charge pump circuit module 130 can only distribute a portion of the charging current.
[0079] During the constant voltage charging phase and the charging cutoff phase, when the charging current is less than the set current threshold, the battery charge / discharge control module 140 does not need to establish a boost control protocol with the AC / DC adapter 020. Instead, it controls the AC / DC adapter 020 to output a voltage lower than the battery voltage, such as 5V or 6V. At this time, the battery charge / discharge control module 140 performs the following control: turns on the Buck step-down circuit module 110, turns on the second charge pump circuit module 130, and turns off the first charge pump circuit module 120. Thus, the Buck step-down circuit module first steps down the voltage to supply power to the system power supply module 150; on the other hand, the second charge pump circuit module 130 boosts the voltage to charge the dual-cell battery 010.
[0080] During the charging process described above, the voltage and current thresholds can be set based on the charging requirements of the dual-cell battery, and are not limited here.
[0081] During the discharge phase, the battery charge / discharge control module 140 controls the process by activating the second charge pump circuit module 130, which connects the dual-cell battery 010 and the system power supply module 150. This allows the second charge pump circuit module 130 to step down the voltage and supply power to the system power supply module 150.
[0082] The system power supply module 160 mainly provides power to the system to ensure that the system can work normally.
[0083] During the charging process described above, specifically in the trickle charging stage, constant voltage charging stage, and charging cutoff stage, the second charge pump circuit module 130 boosts the voltage to charge the dual-cell battery 010; in the discharging stage, since the system does not require a high voltage, the second charge pump circuit module 130 can reduce the output voltage of the dual-cell battery 010 to supply power to the system power supply module 150.
[0084] The dual-cell battery power regulation circuit provided in this embodiment includes a first charge pump circuit module 120 and a second charge pump circuit module 130. During the trickle charging, constant voltage charging, and charging cutoff stages, due to the small current and low heat generation, a Buck converter circuit module 110 can be used to step down the voltage. This provides power to the system power supply module 150 and simultaneously boosts the voltage through the second charge pump circuit module 130 to charge the dual-cell battery 010. During the constant current charging stage, the first charge pump circuit module 120 can control the charging current, ensuring that the output current is greater than the input current. This reduces the current transmitted through the charging cables during high-current charging. Since the charging cables have a certain impedance, based on the power calculation formula I²R, power corresponds to heat generation. When the current decreases, the heat generation also decreases, thus reducing the heat generation on the charging cables. Similarly, this reduces the heat generation on the charging chip and PCB, thereby reducing the overall heat generation of the charging circuit and ensuring high charging efficiency.
[0085] The following is combined Figures 2-16 The specific composition and working principle of each circuit module are explained by example.
[0086] In some embodiments, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship of a Buck step-down circuit module in a battery power regulation circuit, as provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. The diagram shows the specific structure of the Buck step-down circuit module. Figure 1 Based on, refer to Figure 2The Buck step-down circuit module 110 includes: a Buck controller 201, an input capacitor 202, an output capacitor 203, an output inductor 204, and a charging voltage and current controller 205. The Buck controller 201 includes a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2. Battery information from the rechargeable battery 030 is transmitted to the charging voltage and current controller 205. The first transistor Q1 and the output inductor 204 are connected in series between the AC / DC adapter 020 and the rechargeable battery 030. The input capacitor 202 is connected in series between the input terminal of the first transistor Q1 and ground. The output capacitor 203 is connected in series between the output terminal of the output inductor 204 and ground. One end of the second transistor Q2 is connected between the first transistor Q1 and the output inductor 204, and the other end is grounded. During the charging phase of the output inductor 204, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 is turned off. During the discharging phase of the output inductor 204, the first transistor Q1 is turned off, and the second transistor Q2 is turned on.
[0087] The Buck step-down circuit module 110 may include a Buck topology, also known as a Buck step-down circuit or Buck circuit. This Buck circuit mainly includes a Buck controller 201, an input capacitor 202, an output capacitor 203, and an output inductor 204; that is, the input capacitor 202, output capacitor 203, output inductor 204, and Buck controller 201 constitute the Buck circuit. The charging voltage and current controller 205 is used to control the voltage and current, which vary in a sawtooth pattern over time. In the entire battery power regulation circuit, the Buck circuit is the main power conversion loop, so the charging current, charging efficiency, and heat generation are all determined by the circuit components in the Buck circuit.
[0088] The basic working principle of the Buck circuit includes two stages, as follows:
[0089] In the first phase (Phase 1), that is, the charging phase of the output inductor 204, combined with Figure 3 When the first transistor Q1 is turned on and the second transistor Q2 is turned off, the output inductor 204 is charged. The first transistor Q1, the output inductor 204, and the battery 030 being charged form the main circuit, and the main current of the circuit flows through the first transistor Q1, the output inductor 204, and the battery 030 being charged.
[0090] In the second phase (Phase 2), that is, the discharge phase of the output inductor 204, combined with Figure 4 When the first transistor Q1 is turned off, the second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the output inductor 204 discharges. The second transistor Q2, the output inductor 204, and the rechargeable battery 030 form the main circuit, and the main current of the circuit flows through the second transistor Q2, the output inductor 204, and the rechargeable battery 030.
[0091] In the above working principle, the battery 030 to be charged can be the battery in the system power supply module 150 or the battery in the dual-cell battery 010. If it is the latter, the main circuit formed above also includes a second charge pump circuit module 130 connected between the battery 030 to be charged and the output inductor 204.
[0092] In the Buck circuit, the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 incur conduction and switching losses, while the output inductor 204 suffers from coil and core losses. Therefore, the overall efficiency of the Buck circuit cannot be very high. Currently, the conversion efficiency in buck circuits that typically use Buck circuits is below 91%. Furthermore, the energy lost by the main power devices, including the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, and the output inductor 204, is primarily converted into heat. This results in significant heat generation during the charging process, limiting the charging current that the Buck circuit can achieve.
[0093] Based on this, in the battery power regulation circuit provided in this embodiment, the Buck circuit can be used to convert the voltage at its input terminal to a voltage suitable for the system power supply module 150, and in the low current charging stage, it can be combined with the second charge pump circuit module 130 to charge the dual-cell battery 010, thereby helping to avoid excessive heat generation during high current charging and avoid affecting charging efficiency.
[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 5 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of another battery power regulation circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 Based on this, the first charge pump circuit module was further refined. (Refer to...) Figure 5 The first charge pump circuit module 120 includes N charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 arranged in parallel; N≥1 and is an integer; the controlled terminals of the N charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 are respectively connected to the battery charge and discharge control module 140.
[0095] When the charging voltage is the same, the larger the charging current, the higher the charging power, but the more heat will be generated. In order to ensure a large charging power while minimizing heat generation, the charging power and heat generation are designed to be balanced. The applicable charging current range of a single charge pump circuit submodule 125 can be 4A-6A.
[0096] Based on this, by connecting multiple charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 in parallel, a first charge pump circuit module 120 capable of handling larger charging currents can be constructed. In practical applications, the number of charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 connected in parallel can be selected according to the magnitude of the charging current; the larger the charging current, the more charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 are used, thus improving the overall power conversion efficiency of the charging solution and reducing heat generation.
[0097] For example, when the charging current is 8A-10A, the number of charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 connected in parallel in the first charge pump circuit module 120 can be 2, and each charge pump circuit sub-module 125 shares the charging current of 4A-5A; when the charging current is 20A, the number of charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 connected in parallel in the first charge pump circuit module 120 can be 4, and each charge pump circuit sub-module 125 shares the charging current of 5A.
[0098] It is understandable that the number of charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 in the first charge pump circuit module 120 can also be one.
[0099] In other embodiments, the number of charge pump circuit sub-modules 125 in the first charge pump circuit module 120 may vary when the charging current is other current values or in other current ranges, and is not limited here.
[0100] In the above implementation, the charge pump circuit submodule can use a 1 / 2 step-down charge pump, which will be discussed later in conjunction with... Figures 6-8 An illustrative example is provided; alternatively, a 1 / 3 voltage-drop charge pump can be used, as will be discussed later. Figures 9-11 An example is provided.
[0101] In some embodiments, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a charge pump circuit submodule provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1 Based on, refer to Figure 6 The charge pump circuit submodule 125 includes: a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a third transistor Q3, a fourth transistor Q4, a fifth transistor Q5, and a sixth transistor Q6; the input terminal of the third transistor Q3 and one end of the third capacitor C3 are connected to the AC / DC adapter 020, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded; the output terminal of the third transistor Q3 and the input terminal of the fourth transistor Q4 are both connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1; the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the input terminal of the sixth transistor Q6 and the output terminal of the fifth transistor Q5; the output terminal of the sixth transistor Q6 is grounded; the output terminal of the fourth transistor Q4, the input terminal of the fifth transistor Q5, and one end of the second capacitor C2 are all connected to the dual-cell battery 010, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; in the capacitor series connection stage, the third transistor Q3 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned on, and the fourth transistor Q4 and the sixth transistor Q6 are turned off; in the capacitor parallel connection stage, the fourth transistor Q4 and the sixth transistor Q6 are turned on, and the third transistor Q3 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned off.
[0102] In this embodiment, since the charge pump circuit submodule 125 does not require inductors in its circuit structure, and voltage reduction is achieved only through switching between conducting capacitors, there is no energy loss caused by inductors, resulting in high conversion efficiency for the entire circuit structure. Because of the higher conversion efficiency, the noise (i.e., input noise and output noise, corresponding to fluctuations caused by inductor switching, related to internal switch control) is lower, electrical signal fluctuations are smaller, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) is less.
[0103] The charge pump circuit submodule 125 in this embodiment employs a 1 / 2 step-down charge pump, where the input voltage is twice the output voltage and the input current is half the output current. This 1 / 2 step-down charge pump includes four transistors and three capacitors. By controlling the switching on and off of the transistors, the capacitors are connected in series and parallel, thereby achieving voltage reduction. The following describes the process in conjunction with... Figure 7 and Figure 8 An example is provided.
[0104] The basic working principle of the 1 / 2 step-down charge pump includes two stages, as follows:
[0105] The first stage (Phase 1), also known as the capacitor series connection stage or capacitor charging stage, is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, only the third transistor Q3 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned on. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series. Both capacitors are charged, and their charging voltage is approximately half of the input voltage, i.e., VIN / 2.
[0106] The second phase (Phase 2), also known as the capacitor parallel connection phase or capacitor discharge phase, is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, only the fourth transistor Q4 and the sixth transistor Q6 are turned on. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel. Both capacitors are discharged. The output voltage VOUT is equal to the discharge voltage across the second capacitor C2, and also equal to the charging voltage of the first stage, i.e., VIN / 2.
[0107] In this way, the blood pressure is reduced.
[0108] The above combination Figures 6-8 The circuit structure and working principle of a 1 / 2 step-down charge pump are illustrated by example. The following section combines... Figures 9-11 This example illustrates the circuit structure and working principle of a 1 / 3 step-down charge pump.
[0109] In some embodiments, Figure 9 A schematic diagram of another charge pump circuit submodule provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. (Refer to...) Figure 9The charge pump circuit submodule 125 includes: a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7, a seventh transistor Q7, an eighth transistor Q8, a ninth transistor Q9, a tenth transistor Q10, an eleventh transistor Q11, a twelfth transistor Q12, and a thirteenth transistor Q13; one end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the input end of the seventh transistor Q7 are both connected to the AC / DC adapter 020, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; the output end of the seventh transistor Q7 and the input end of the eighth transistor Q8 are both connected to one end of the fifth capacitor C5; the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the input ends of the ninth transistor Q9 and the tenth transistor Q10; the output ends of the ninth transistor Q9 and the thirteenth transistor Q13 are both grounded; and the input end of the thirteenth transistor Q13 and the twelfth transistor Q12 are both grounded. The output terminals of all transistors are connected to one end of the sixth capacitor C6. The other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the output terminals of the tenth transistor Q10 and the eleventh transistor Q11. The output terminal of the eighth transistor Q8, the input terminal of the eleventh transistor Q11, the input terminal of the twelfth transistor Q12, and one end of the seventh capacitor C7 are all connected to the dual-cell battery 010. The other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is grounded. In the capacitor series connection stage, the seventh transistor Q7, the tenth transistor Q10, and the twelfth transistor Q12 are turned on, while the eighth transistor Q8, the ninth transistor Q9, the eleventh transistor Q11, and the thirteenth transistor Q13 are turned off. In the capacitor parallel connection stage, the eighth transistor Q8, the ninth transistor Q9, the eleventh transistor Q11, and the thirteenth transistor Q13 are turned on, while the seventh transistor Q7, the tenth transistor Q10, and the twelfth transistor Q12 are turned off.
[0110] In this embodiment, since the charge pump circuit submodule 125 does not require inductors in its circuit structure, and voltage reduction is achieved only through switching between conducting capacitors, there is no energy loss caused by inductors, resulting in high conversion efficiency for the entire circuit structure. Because of the higher conversion efficiency, the noise (i.e., input noise and output noise, corresponding to fluctuations caused by inductor switching, related to internal switch control) is lower, electrical signal fluctuations are smaller, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) is less.
[0111] The charge pump circuit submodule 125 in this embodiment employs a 1 / 3 step-down charge pump, where the input voltage is three times the output voltage and the input current is one-third of the output current. This 1 / 3 step-down charge pump includes seven transistors and four capacitors. By controlling the switching on and off of the transistors, the capacitors are connected in series and parallel, thereby achieving voltage reduction. The following describes the process in conjunction with... Figure 10 and Figure 11 An example is provided.
[0112] The circuit operation of the 1 / 3 step-down charge pump consists of two stages, as follows:
[0113] The first stage (Phase 1), also known as the capacitor series connection stage or capacitor charging stage, is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the seventh transistor Q7, the tenth transistor Q10, and the twelfth transistor Q12 are all closed, i.e., conducting; the other transistors are open, i.e., cut off; at this time, the fifth capacitor C5, the sixth capacitor C6, and the seventh capacitor C7 are connected in series, and all three capacitors are charged, and their charging voltage is approximately equal to 1 / 3 of the input voltage, i.e., 1 / 3VIN.
[0114] The second phase (Phase 2), also known as the capacitor parallel connection phase or capacitor discharge phase, is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, transistors Q8 (eighth), Q9 (ninth), Q11 (eleventh), and Q13 (thirteenth) are all closed, i.e., conducting; the other transistors are open, i.e., cut off. At this time, capacitors C5 (fifth), C6 (sixth), and C7 (seventh) are connected in parallel, and all three capacitors discharge. The output voltage VOUT is equal to the discharge voltage across capacitor C7, which is also equal to the charging voltage of the first stage, i.e., 1 / 3VIN. Thus, voltage reduction is achieved.
[0115] Understandably, since the input current of a 1 / 3 buck charge pump is 1 / 3 of its output current, and the input current of a 1 / 2 buck charge pump is 1 / 2 of its output current, with the same output current, the input current of the 1 / 3 buck charge pump is reduced by 1 / 3 compared to the 1 / 2 buck charge pump. This significantly reduces the input current, thereby reducing heat generation on the charging cable, charging chip, and PCB, ensuring higher charging efficiency. Furthermore, with the same input current, the 1 / 3 buck charge pump will have a larger output current than the 1 / 2 buck charge pump, meaning it can achieve a larger charging current, improving charging efficiency and shortening charging time.
[0116] The above combination Figures 6-8 The circuit structure and working principle of a 1 / 2 step-down charge pump are illustrated by way of example, and combined with... Figures 9-11 The circuit structure and operating principle of a 1 / 3 step-down charge pump are illustrated by way of example. In other embodiments, the charge pump circuit submodule may also use a step-down charge pump of other multiples, which is not limited here.
[0117] The following is combined Figures 12-16 The second charge pump circuit module is illustrated by way of example.
[0118] In some embodiments, Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a second charge pump circuit module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1Based on, refer to Figure 12 The second charge pump circuit module 130 includes: an eighth capacitor C8, a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10, a fourteenth transistor Q14, a fifteenth transistor Q15, a sixteenth transistor Q16, a seventeenth transistor Q17, an eighteenth transistor Q18, and a nineteenth transistor Q19; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the output terminal of the fourteenth transistor Q14 and the input terminal of the fifteenth transistor Q15, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the output terminal of the sixteenth transistor Q16 and the input terminal of the seventeenth transistor Q17, and the seventeenth transistor Q17... The output terminal is grounded. The input terminals of the fourteenth transistor Q14, the eighteenth transistor Q18, and one end of the tenth capacitor C10 are all connected to the AC / DC adapter 020. The other end of the tenth capacitor C10 is grounded. The output terminals of the eighteenth transistor Q18 and the fifteenth transistor Q15 are both connected to the input terminal of the nineteenth transistor Q19. The input terminal of the sixteenth transistor Q16, the output terminal of the nineteenth transistor Q19, and one end of the ninth capacitor C9 are all connected to the dual-cell battery 010. The other end of the ninth capacitor C9 is grounded. During the charging of the dual-cell battery 010... In the charging phase, the second charge pump circuit module 130 operates in two phases: a first charging phase and a first discharging phase. During the first charging phase, transistors fourteenth (Q14) and seventeenth (Q17) are turned on, while transistors fifteenth (Q15), sixteenth (Q16), eighteenth (Q18), and nineteenth (Q19) are turned off. During the first discharging phase, transistors fifteenth (Q15), sixteenth (Q16), and eighteenth (Q18) are turned on, while transistors fourteenth (Q14), seventeenth (Q17), and nineteenth (Q19) are turned off. In the dual-cell charging phase... During the discharge phase of cell 010, the operation phase of the second charge pump circuit module 130 includes a second charging phase and a second discharging phase. During the second charging phase, transistors fourteenth Q14 and sixteenth Q16 are turned on, while transistors fifteenth Q15, seventeenth Q17, eighteenth Q18, and nineteenth Q19 are turned off. During the second discharging phase, transistors fifteenth Q15, seventeenth Q17, and nineteenth Q19 are turned on, while transistors fourteenth Q14, sixteenth Q16, and eighteenth Q18 are turned off.
[0119] In the battery power regulation circuit provided in this embodiment, the second charge pump circuit module 130 performs internal voltage boosting during the trickle charging stage, constant voltage charging stage, and charging cutoff stage of the charging process, converting the output voltage of the Buck step-down circuit module 110 into a voltage suitable for charging the dual-cell battery 010; during the discharging stage, it performs internal voltage step-down, converting the output voltage of the dual-cell battery 010 into a voltage suitable for supplying power to the system power supply module 150.
[0120] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the second charge pump circuit module 130 consists of 6 transistors and 3 capacitors; by controlling the switching on and off of the transistors, the capacitors are charged and discharged, thereby achieving step-down and step-up voltage.
[0121] The following is combined Figures 13-15 The boost and buck principle of the second charge pump circuit module is illustrated by way of example.
[0122] During the trickle charging, constant voltage charging, and charging cutoff phases of the dual-cell battery charging process, the second charge pump circuit module 130 internally performs voltage boosting, meaning its output voltage is greater than the input voltage, for example, the output voltage is approximately twice the input voltage. The working principle of this boosting process is exemplarily described below:
[0123] The first phase (Phase 1) is the first charging phase of the second charge pump circuit module, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the fourteenth transistor Q14 and the seventeenth transistor Q17 are turned on, while all other transistors are turned off. At this time, the eighth capacitor C8 is charged, and the voltage of the eighth capacitor C8 is approximately equal to the input voltage, i.e., VIN.
[0124] The second phase (Phase 2) is the first discharge phase of the second charge pump circuit module, such as... Figure 14 As shown, transistors Q15 (15th), Q16 (16th), and Q18 (18th) are turned on, while the other transistors are turned off. At this time, the input terminal (with voltage VIN), capacitor C8 (8th), and capacitor C9 (9th) are connected in series. The output voltage VOUT is equal to the sum of the input voltage and the voltage across capacitor C8, i.e., VOUT = VIN + VC8 = 2VIN. In other words, during this stage, capacitor C8 discharges, and the charging voltage from the first charging stage is superimposed on the input voltage, causing the output voltage to double relative to the input voltage.
[0125] During the discharge phase of the dual-cell battery, the second charge pump circuit module internally performs voltage reduction, meaning the output voltage is less than the input voltage, for example, the output voltage is approximately half the input voltage. For example, the working principle of this voltage reduction process is as follows:
[0126] The third phase (Phase 3) is the second charging phase of the second charge pump circuit module, such as... Figure 15 As shown, the fourteenth transistor Q14 and the sixteenth transistor Q16 are turned on, while the other transistors are turned off. At this time, the eighth capacitor C8 and the ninth capacitor C9 are connected in series and both are charged. The voltage on the eighth capacitor C8 and the ninth capacitor C9 is equal to half of the input voltage, i.e., VIN / 2.
[0127] Phase 4, which is the second discharge phase of the second charge pump circuit module, such as... Figure 16 As shown, transistors Q15 (15th), Q17 (17th), and Q19 (19th) are turned on, while all other transistors are turned off. At this time, capacitors C8 (8th) and C9 (9th) are connected in parallel, and both capacitors discharge. The output voltage is equal to the charging voltage of capacitor C9, i.e., the output voltage VOUT equals VIN / 2. This achieves voltage reduction.
[0128] In the above embodiments, the transistors in each circuit module or sub-module can be metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) or other switching transistors known to those skilled in the art, or other types of switches can be used, which are not limited here.
[0129] The dual-cell battery power regulation circuit provided in this disclosure can improve the problem that the charging power of a single cell cannot be increased. Specifically, when using a dual-cell battery for charging, the charging voltage is twice that of a single-cell battery, and a higher charging power can be achieved with the same charging circuit. For example, a charging power of 50W, 60W, 100W, or even higher can be achieved.
[0130] Meanwhile, since the battery charging voltage is twice that of the original single-cell battery, the battery charging current is half that of the single-cell battery at the same charging power. The heat generated on the dual-cell battery's circuit board is significantly reduced compared to the single-cell battery, thus greatly reducing heat generation. With the output power remaining constant, the reduced current lowers the impedance requirements of the battery connector, which helps reduce costs. The reduced heat generation also improves safety. Furthermore, the routing and heat dissipation of the battery-side PCB are relatively easier.
[0131] This disclosure also provides a battery power regulation method, which is based on any of the above-described battery power regulation circuits and has corresponding beneficial effects.
[0132] In some embodiments, Figure 17 A schematic flowchart of a battery power regulation method according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. (Refer to...) Figure 17 The battery power regulation method may include:
[0133] The S410 battery charge and discharge control module collects the charging voltage and charging current of the dual-cell battery in real time, and determines the charging and discharging stage of the dual-cell battery based on the charging voltage and charging current.
[0134] S420. During the trickle charging stage, the battery charge / discharge control module controls the Buck step-down circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module to turn on and operate; the second charge pump circuit module plays a boosting role.
[0135] S430. During the constant current charging stage, the battery charge and discharge control module also controls the first charge pump circuit module to turn on and operate, so that the current output by the first charge pump circuit module is less than the input current, and the voltage output by the first charge pump circuit module is less than the input voltage.
[0136] S440. During the constant voltage charging stage and the charging cutoff stage, the battery charge and discharge control module controls the first charge pump circuit module to shut down.
[0137] S450. During the discharge phase, the battery charge / discharge control module controls the second charge pump circuit module to open, so as to convert the discharge voltage of the dual-cell battery into a voltage suitable for the system power supply module.
[0138] In this embodiment, a battery charge / discharge control module controls the operation of other circuit modules to achieve charge / discharge control. Specifically, the battery charge / discharge control module can determine the port type of the AC / DC adapter to help determine the current and voltage thresholds in subsequent steps and switch between charge / discharge stages. The battery charge / discharge control module collects the charging voltage and charging current of the dual-cell battery in real time to determine whether the charging voltage is greater than the set voltage threshold and whether the charging current is greater than the set current threshold. If both are greater, the module controls the first charge pump circuit module to open. The battery charge / discharge control module also performs a boost control protocol with the AC / DC adapter and controls the AC / DC adapter to output dynamic voltage and dynamic current to the first charge pump circuit module to charge the dual-cell battery to achieve high-current charging. During the discharge stage, the battery charge / discharge control module controls the second charge pump circuit module to step down the voltage to supply power to the system power supply module.
[0139] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge control module determines the charge / discharge stage of the dual-cell battery based on the charging voltage and charging current, including:
[0140] The charge / discharge control module identifies the port type of the AC / DC adapter to determine the voltage and current thresholds;
[0141] The charge / discharge control module compares the real-time collected charging voltage with the voltage threshold and the real-time collected charging current with the current threshold to determine the charge / discharge stage of the dual-cell battery.
[0142] For example, as mentioned above, when the port types of AC / DC adapters are different, the corresponding allowable ranges of charging current and charging voltage may be different. Therefore, by identifying the port types of AC / DC adapters, the voltage threshold and current threshold can be determined, so as to compare them with the charging current and charging voltage collected in real time and determine the charging and discharging stage of the dual-cell battery.
[0143] In other embodiments, other methods known to those skilled in the art may be used to determine the charge / discharge stage of the dual-cell battery, which will not be elaborated upon or limited here.
[0144] This disclosure also provides a charging cable, including any of the battery power regulation circuits described above.
[0145] For example, the battery power regulation circuit described above can be located at one end of the charging cable used to connect the dual-cell battery. This allows a small current to flow through most of the charging cable, reducing heat generation and slowing cable wear.
[0146] This disclosure also provides a terminal device, which includes a dual-cell battery. The dual-cell battery is charged using any of the above-described battery power regulation circuits, or using any of the above-described battery power regulation methods, or using any of the above-described charging cables, so as to achieve the corresponding beneficial effects.
[0147] For example, the battery power regulation circuit can also be located within the terminal device and connected to an AC / DC adapter via a charging cable. In this case, the battery power regulation circuit is not located within the charging cable, simplifying the cable's structure.
[0148] For example, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, tablet, mobile computer or other rechargeable terminal device known to those skilled in the art, and is not limited thereto.
[0149] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0150] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A battery power regulation circuit, characterized in that, The circuit is used to charge a dual-cell battery and includes: a Buck step-down circuit module, a first charge pump circuit module, a second charge pump circuit module, a battery charge / discharge control module, and a system power supply module. The input terminals of the Buck step-down circuit module and the first charge pump circuit module are respectively connected to AC / DC adapters. The first output terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module is connected to the second charge pump circuit module. The second output terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module is connected to the system power supply module. The battery charge / discharge control module is connected to the controlled terminal of the Buck step-down circuit module, the controlled terminal of the first charge pump circuit module, the controlled terminal of the second charge pump circuit module, and the dual-cell battery. The first charge pump circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module are respectively connected to the dual-cell battery. The second charge pump circuit module is also connected to the system power supply module. The battery charge and discharge control module is a control module that controls the Buck step-down circuit module, the first charge pump circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module to work in the corresponding charge and discharge stages. The Buck step-down circuit module operates in the trickle charging stage, the constant voltage charging stage, and the charging cutoff stage; on the one hand, it supplies power to the system power supply module, and on the other hand, it charges the dual-cell battery after being boosted by the second charge pump circuit module. The first charge pump circuit module operates in the constant current charging stage, which is a circuit module that makes the current output by the first charge pump circuit module less than the input current and makes the voltage output by the charge pump circuit module less than the input voltage. The second charge pump circuit module also operates in the discharge phase, which is a circuit module that converts the discharge voltage of the dual-cell battery into a voltage suitable for the system power supply module.
2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Buck step-down circuit module includes: a Buck controller, an input capacitor, an output capacitor, an output inductor, and a charging voltage and current controller. The Buck controller includes a first transistor and a second transistor. The battery information of the battery being charged is transmitted to the charging voltage and current controller. The first transistor and the output inductor are connected in series between the AC / DC adapter and the battery being charged. The input capacitor is connected in series between the input terminal of the first transistor and ground. The output capacitor is connected in series between the output terminal of the output inductor and ground. One end of the second transistor is connected between the first transistor and the output inductor, and the other end is grounded. The battery being charged is either the battery in the dual-cell battery or the battery in the system power supply module. During the charging phase of the output inductor, the first transistor is turned on and the second transistor is turned off. During the discharge phase of the output inductor, the first transistor is turned off, and the second transistor is turned on.
3. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first charge pump circuit module includes N charge pump circuit sub-modules connected in parallel; N ≥ 1 and is an integer; The controlled terminals of the N charge pump circuit submodules are respectively connected to the battery charge / discharge control module.
4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charge pump circuit submodule includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, and a sixth transistor; The input terminal of the third transistor and one end of the third capacitor are connected to the AC / DC adapter, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded. The output terminal of the third transistor and the input terminal of the fourth transistor are both connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the input terminal of the sixth transistor and the output terminal of the fifth transistor. The output terminal of the sixth transistor is grounded. The output terminal of the fourth transistor, the input terminal of the fifth transistor, and one end of the second capacitor are all connected to the dual-cell battery. The other end of the second capacitor is grounded. During the capacitor series connection phase, the third transistor and the fifth transistor are turned on, while the fourth transistor and the sixth transistor are turned off. During the capacitor parallel connection phase, the fourth and sixth transistors are turned on, while the third and fifth transistors are turned off.
5. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charge pump circuit submodule includes: a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a ninth transistor, a tenth transistor, an eleventh transistor, a twelfth transistor, and a thirteenth transistor; One end of the fourth capacitor and the input terminal of the seventh transistor are both connected to the AC / DC adapter. The other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded. The output terminal of the seventh transistor and the input terminal of the eighth transistor are both connected to one end of the fifth capacitor. The other end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the input terminals of the ninth and tenth transistors. The output terminals of the ninth and thirteenth transistors are both grounded. The input terminal of the thirteenth transistor and the output terminal of the twelfth transistor are both connected to one end of the sixth capacitor. The other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the output terminals of the tenth and eleventh transistors. The output terminal of the eighth transistor, the input terminals of the eleventh and twelfth transistors, and one end of the seventh capacitor are all connected to the dual-cell battery. The other end of the seventh capacitor is grounded. During the capacitor series connection phase, the seventh, tenth, and twelfth transistors are turned on, while the eighth, ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth transistors are turned off. During the capacitor parallel connection phase, the eighth, ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth transistors are turned on, while the seventh, tenth, and twelfth transistors are turned off.
6. The circuit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The second charge pump circuit module includes: an eighth capacitor, a ninth capacitor, a tenth capacitor, a fourteenth transistor, a fifteenth transistor, a sixteenth transistor, a seventeenth transistor, an eighteenth transistor, and a nineteenth transistor; One end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the fourteenth transistor and the input terminal of the fifteenth transistor. The other end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the sixteenth transistor and the input terminal of the seventeenth transistor. The output terminal of the seventeenth transistor is grounded. The input terminals of the fourteenth transistor, the eighteenth transistor, and one end of the tenth capacitor are all connected to the AC / DC adapter. The other end of the tenth capacitor is grounded. The output terminals of the eighteenth transistor and the fifteenth transistor are both connected to the input terminal of the nineteenth transistor. The input terminal of the sixteenth transistor, the output terminal of the nineteenth transistor, and one end of the ninth capacitor are all connected to the dual-cell battery. The other end of the ninth capacitor is grounded. During the charging phase of the dual-cell battery, the second charge pump circuit module operates in two phases: a first charging phase and a first discharging phase. During the first charging phase, the fourteenth and seventeenth transistors are turned on, while the fifteenth, sixteenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth transistors are turned off. During the first discharge phase, the fifteenth transistor, the sixteenth transistor, and the eighteenth transistor are turned on, while the fourteenth transistor, the seventeenth transistor, and the nineteenth transistor are turned off. During the discharge phase of the dual-cell battery, the operation phase of the second charge pump circuit module includes a second charging phase and a second discharging phase. During the second charging phase, the fourteenth and sixteenth transistors are turned on, while the fifteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth transistors are turned off. During the second discharge phase, the fifteenth, seventeenth, and nineteenth transistors are turned on, while the fourteenth, sixteenth, and eighteenth transistors are turned off.
7. A battery power regulation method, characterized in that, The method, executed based on the battery power regulation circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, comprises: The battery charge and discharge control module collects the charging voltage and charging current of the dual-cell battery in real time, and determines the charging and discharging stage of the dual-cell battery based on the charging voltage and charging current. During the trickle charging phase, the battery charge / discharge control module controls the Buck step-down circuit module and the second charge pump circuit module to turn on and operate; the second charge pump circuit module acts as a voltage booster. During the constant current charging phase, the battery charge and discharge control module also controls the first charge pump circuit module to turn on and operate, so that the current output by the first charge pump circuit module is less than the input current, and the voltage output by the first charge pump circuit module is less than the input voltage. During the constant voltage charging phase and the charging cutoff phase, the battery charge / discharge control module controls the first charge pump circuit module to shut down. During the discharge phase, the battery charge / discharge control module controls the second charge pump circuit module to turn on, so as to convert the discharge voltage of the dual-cell battery into a voltage suitable for the system power supply module.
8. The battery power regulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The charge / discharge control module determines the charge / discharge stage of the dual-cell battery based on the charging voltage and the charging current, including: The charge / discharge control module identifies the port type of the AC / DC adapter to determine the voltage and current thresholds; The charge / discharge control module compares the real-time collected charging voltage with the voltage threshold and the real-time collected charging current with the current threshold to determine the charge / discharge stage of the dual-cell battery.
9. A charging cable, characterized in that, Includes the battery power regulation circuit as described in any one of claims 1-6.
10. A terminal device, characterized in that, The terminal device includes a dual-cell battery, which is charged using the battery power regulation circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, or using the battery power regulation method according to claim 7 or 8, or using the charging cable according to claim 9.