A tunnel excavation trolley and manual drilling and blasting construction method

Abstract

The present invention provides a tunnel excavation trolley and a manual drilling and blasting construction method. The trolley includes a vehicle body, and a guide arc frame is provided at the front end of the vehicle body. The guide arc frame can be adjusted horizontally and vertically, and the guide arc frame matches the tunnel excavation profile. A plurality of telescopic support rods are installed on the guide arc frame, and the telescopic support rods are perpendicular to the plane of the guide arc frame. A guide fixing rod is provided at the top of the telescopic support rod, and the guide fixing rod is perpendicular to the telescopic support rod and the guide arc frame. The guide fixing rod is used to guide and fix the drill rod. Through the telescopic support rod and the guide fixing rod, the drill rod meets the specification requirement that the angle of the peripheral hole of the blasting is within 2°-3°, and solves the problem that the traditional manual drilling eye "cannot be supported" resulting in large drilling deviation and poor smooth blasting effect, improves the drilling accuracy and drilling quality of the peripheral eye, and achieves the purpose of controlling blasting over-excavation; improves the flatness of the surrounding rock after the blasting is completed; improves the efficiency of manual blasting construction; reduces the number of supplementary blasting, and saves explosive materials and sprayed concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a tunnel excavation trolley and a manual drilling and blasting construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing number of mountain tunnel construction projects, drilling and blasting construction technology has been widely used. Common drilling and blasting excavation trolleys include manual drilling and blasting trolleys and mechanical arm rock drilling trolleys. Because mechanical arm rock drilling trolleys are expensive and require skilled operation techniques to achieve high efficiency, existing tunnel excavation construction mostly uses manual drilling and blasting trolleys to perform manual drilling, charging, blasting, and other excavation operations.

[0003] In full-section excavation construction, the existing manual drilling and blasting trolley mainly serves as a platform. Whether the drilling angle and depth during the drilling and blasting process meet the drilling and blasting design requirements mainly depends on the technical level of the drilling operators. The quality and accuracy of manual drilling are the key to controlling tunnel over-break and under-break, and are the difficulties in improving the quality of tunnel excavation construction and saving construction costs, and are difficult to control. How to improve the drilling quality of manual drilling and blasting and reduce tunnel over-break and under-break puts forward more practical requirements for the design improvement of existing drilling and blasting trolleys. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide a tunnel excavation trolley to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method, which effectively improves the control of drilling angle and accuracy during artificial drilling and blasting construction and improves blasting quality.

[0006] To this end, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A tunnel excavation trolley comprises a vehicle body. A guide arc frame is provided at the front end of the vehicle body. The guide arc frame can be adjusted horizontally and vertically and matches the tunnel excavation contour.

[0008] The guide arc frame is divided into multiple units, and adjacent units are hinged.

[0009] The vehicle also includes jacks, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle body, with two jacks arranged on each side, and the top surfaces of the two jacks close to the guide arc frame are connected to the guide arc frame.

[0010] The guide arc frame is connected to the vehicle body through the guide frame position adjustment frame, the guide arc frame and the guide frame position adjustment frame are connected through a vertical adjustment rod, and the guide frame position adjustment frame and the vehicle body are connected through a transverse adjustment rod.

[0011] The guide arc frame is provided with a plurality of telescopic support rods, which are perpendicular to the plane of the guide arc frame. The top of the telescopic support rod is provided with a guide fixing rod, which is perpendicular to the telescopic support rod and the guide arc frame. The guide fixing rod is used for guiding and fixing the drill rod.

[0012] The guide arc frame is composed of an A unit, a B unit and a C unit which are connected in sequence. The A unit and the C unit are symmetrically arranged and are both hinged to the B unit.

[0013] One end of the vertical adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the guide arc frame, and the other end of the vertical adjustment rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjustment frame through saw teeth and fixed by a limiting structure;

[0014] One side of the transverse adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and the other side of the transverse adjustment rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjustment frame through saw teeth and is fixed by a limiting structure.

[0015] A front drill rod guide hole and a rear drill rod guide hole are provided on the guide fixing rod. The front drill rod guide hole is close to the telescopic support rod, and the rear drill rod guide hole is connected with an adjustable screw rod.

[0016] A tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method, using a tunnel excavation trolley, comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1) After the tunnel excavation cycle is completed, the tunnel excavation trolley is pushed to the tunnel face so that the trolley is located at the tunnel excavation centerline, and then the horizontal and vertical positions of the guide arc frame are adjusted and positioned according to the tunnel excavation contour line;

[0018] Step 2) Mark the hole positions around the tunnel blasting design on the tunnel face, adjust the telescopic support rod according to the marked hole positions, make the guide fixing rod consistent with the designed hole positions, and adjust the adjustable screw rod to make the guide fixing rod meet the external insertion angle requirements;

[0019] Step 3) Use a pneumatic rock drill to penetrate the drill rod through the adjusted guide fixing rod to drill the surrounding holes. After drilling, charge and detonation network are connected according to the drilling and blasting design parameters. At the same time, the trolley is retreated to a safe area, the blasting alarm is sounded, and the blasting is detonated after all personnel have left the cave to complete the drilling and blasting construction.

[0020] In step 1), the pitch angle position adjustment of the guide arc frame is achieved through the jack and the telescopic support rods. The comprehensive trajectory formed after the telescopic adjustment of all the telescopic support rods is the tunnel excavation contour line.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The tunnel excavation trolley provided by the present invention divides the guide arc frame into multiple units, and uses hinged adjustment rods between the units to adjust the angle of each unit bracket, combined with telescopic support rods to achieve the purpose of adapting to different excavation sections.

[0023] The tunnel excavation trolley can adjust the height and pitch angle of the guide arc frame by setting a jack and adjusting the height of the jack. The guide arc frame can be accurately adjusted horizontally and vertically through the guide frame position adjustment frame, vertical adjustment rod and horizontal adjustment rod.

[0024] The present invention uses a telescopic support rod and a guide fixing rod to achieve that the drill rod meets the standard requirement that the angle of the peripheral hole of the blasting is within 2°-3°, solves the problem that the traditional manual drilling "cannot be supported" resulting in large drilling deviation and poor smooth blasting effect, improves the drilling accuracy and drilling quality of the peripheral holes, and achieves the purpose of controlling blasting over-excavation and under-excavation; improves the flatness of the surrounding rock after the blasting is completed; improves the efficiency of manual blasting construction; reduces the number of supplementary blasting, and saves explosive materials and shotcrete.

[0025] The following will provide a further detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view of an implementation method of a guide arc frame;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an implementation method of a telescopic support rod;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an existing excavation trolley.

[0031] In the figure: 1. guide arc frame; 2. vehicle body; 3. jack; 4. telescopic support rod; 5. guide frame position adjustment frame; 6. vertical adjustment rod; 7. horizontal adjustment rod; 8. hinge point; 9. adjustment rod; 10. limit structure; 11. excavation contour line; 12. tunnel surrounding rock; 13. working platform; 14. guide fixing rod; 15. front drill rod guide hole; 16. rear drill rod guide hole; 17. adjustable screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0033] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to disclose the present invention in detail and completely and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terms used in the exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same units / elements are marked with the same reference numerals.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the terms (including technical terms) used herein have the commonly understood meanings to those skilled in the art. In addition, it is understood that the terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have the same meanings as those in the context of the relevant fields, and should not be understood as idealized or overly formal meanings.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] The present embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, comprising a vehicle body 2, wherein a guide arc frame 1 is provided at the front end of the vehicle body 2, wherein the guide arc frame 1 can be adjusted laterally and vertically, and the guide arc frame 1 matches the tunnel excavation profile.

[0037] A guide arc frame 1 similar to the excavation contour line 11 is welded on the side of the trolley near the tunnel face. The guide arc frame 1 is designed with a radius smaller than the tunnel design excavation contour line 1150cm. Since the tunnel excavation section size varies, the guide arc frame 1 can be adapted to different excavation sections by adjusting it horizontally and vertically.

[0038] The present invention improves the existing excavation trolley (such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the construction workers stand on the working platform 13 and adjust the guide arc frame 1 to be consistent with the excavation contour line 11 of the tunnel surrounding rock 12 to achieve the purpose of adapting to different excavation sections.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] On the basis of Example 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, wherein the guide arc frame 1 is divided into multiple units, and adjacent units are hinged.

[0041] In order to adapt to different excavation sections, the arc frame is divided into multiple units, and the units are hinged with adjustment rods 9 to adjust the unit angles, so as to facilitate the horizontal and vertical adjustment of the guide arc frame 1.

[0042] Embodiment 3:

[0043] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, which also includes jacks 3, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle body 2, with two jacks 3 on each side, and the top surfaces of the two jacks 3 close to the guide arc frame 1 are connected to the guide arc frame 1.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, two jacks 3 are provided on the side close to the tunnel face (i.e., the side close to the guide arc frame 1), and the top surfaces of the two jacks 3 away from the guide arc frame 1 are connected to the vehicle body 2. By adjusting the height of the jacks 3, the height and pitch angle of the guide arc frame 1 can be adjusted.

[0045] Embodiment 4:

[0046] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, wherein the guide arc frame 1 is connected to the vehicle body 2 through a guide frame position adjustment frame 5, the guide arc frame 1 and the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 are connected through a vertical adjustment rod 6, and the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 and the vehicle body 2 are connected through a transverse adjustment rod 7.

[0047] A guide frame position adjustment frame 5 is arranged between the guide arc frame 1 and the excavation trolley, and the position of the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, a lateral adjustment rod 7 is installed between the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 and the excavation trolley to ensure that only lateral movement can occur between the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 and the excavation trolley. After the adjustment is completed, the two are fixed by a limiting structure 10. A vertical adjustment rod 6 is installed between the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 and the guide arc frame 1 to ensure that only vertical movement can occur between the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 and the arc guide bracket. After the adjustment is completed, the limiting structure 10 is used to fix them.

[0048] The lateral adjustment rod 7 and the vertical adjustment rod 6 enable precise lateral and vertical adjustment of the guide arc frame 1 .

[0049] Embodiment 5:

[0050] On the basis of Example 1, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, wherein a plurality of telescopic support rods 4 are mounted on the guide arc frame 1, the telescopic support rods 4 are perpendicular to the arc surface of the guide arc frame 1, and a guide fixing rod 14 is provided at the top end of the telescopic support rod 4, the guide fixing rod 14 is perpendicular to the telescopic support rod 4 and the guide arc frame 1, and the guide fixing rod 14 is used for guiding and fixing the drill rod.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, a telescopic support rod 4 is arranged on the guide arc bracket, and a guide fixing rod 14 is arranged at the top of the telescopic support rod 4, which is used to fix and position the drill rod when drilling holes in the tunnel perimeter. The telescopic support rod 4 is adjusted by driving the rack transmission mechanism through a chain, thereby driving the drill rod to adjust its position. At the same time, the transmission mechanism can be set to be electrically driven to realize various operation modes such as button operation and manual operation, so as to adapt to the changing construction needs in the tunnel.

[0052] Embodiment 6:

[0053] Based on Example 2, this example provides a tunnel excavation trolley, wherein the guide arc frame 1 is composed of an A unit, a B unit and a C unit connected in sequence, and the A unit and the C unit are symmetrically arranged and are both hinged to the B unit. Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown.

[0054] Unit A, unit B and unit C are hinged by scissor braces, such as Figure 3 As shown, the positioning and adjustment of the guide arc frame 1 are achieved through the position of the hinge point 8 and the adjustment rod 9.

[0055] Embodiment 7:

[0056] On the basis of Example 4, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, wherein one end of the vertical adjustment rod 6 is fixedly connected to the guide arc frame 1, and the other end of the vertical adjustment rod 6 is meshed and connected to the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 through a sawtooth, and is fixed by a limiting structure 10;

[0057] One side of the lateral adjustment rod 7 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 2 , and the other side of the lateral adjustment rod 7 is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjustment frame 5 through saw teeth and fixed by a limiting structure 10 .

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the lateral and vertical precise adjustment of the guide arc frame 1 is achieved through the lateral adjustment rod 7 and the vertical adjustment rod 6. After the adjustment is completed, the limiting structure 10 is used to fix it.

[0059] Embodiment 8:

[0060] Based on Example 5, this embodiment provides a tunnel excavation trolley, wherein a front drill rod guide hole 15 and a rear drill rod guide hole 16 are opened on the guide fixing rod 14, the front drill rod guide hole 15 is close to the telescopic support rod 4, and the rear drill rod guide hole 16 is connected to an adjustable screw 17.

[0061] like Figure 4As shown, an adjustable screw 17 is installed in the front drill rod guide hole 15 to adjust the drill rod external insertion angle to meet the specification requirement that the blasting peripheral eye angle (external insertion angle) is within 2°-3°. After the telescopic support rod 4 is extended, the comprehensive trajectory formed by the upper support openings of all telescopic support rods 4 is the specified excavation contour line. The support opening has a certain length (the distance between the front drill rod guide hole 15 and the rear drill rod guide hole 16) to effectively fix the drill rod direction. At the same time, the entire guide arc frame 1 can be adjusted and moved in both horizontal and vertical directions on the drilling and blasting trolley to compensate for the error caused by the drilling and blasting trolley repeatedly moving to the rock surface, and finally centralized and unified adjustments are made to achieve the positioning effect of accurately positioning the peripheral holes.

[0062] Embodiment 9:

[0063] This embodiment provides a tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method, using a tunnel excavation trolley, including the following steps:

[0064] Step 1) After the tunnel excavation cycle is completed, the tunnel excavation trolley is pushed to the tunnel face so that the trolley is located at the tunnel excavation centerline, and then the horizontal and vertical positions of the guide arc frame 1 are adjusted and positioned according to the tunnel excavation contour line 11;

[0065] Step 2) Mark the hole positions around the tunnel blasting design on the tunnel face, adjust the telescopic support rod 4 according to the marked hole positions, make the guide fixing rod 14 consistent with the designed hole positions, and adjust the adjustable screw rod 17 so that the guide fixing rod 14 meets the external insertion angle requirements;

[0066] Step 3) Use a pneumatic rock drill to penetrate the drill rod from the adjusted guide fixing rod 14 to drill holes in the surrounding areas. After drilling, charge and detonation network connection are performed according to the drilling and blasting design parameters. At the same time, the trolley is withdrawn to a safe area, the blasting alarm is sounded, and the blasting is detonated after all personnel have left the cave to complete the drilling and blasting construction.

[0067] Embodiment 10:

[0068] Based on Example 9, this example provides a tunnel manual drilling and blasting construction method, in which the pitch angle position adjustment of the guide arc frame 1 in step 1) is achieved by a jack 3, so that the drilling direction is consistent with the tunnel direction, solving the problem of uneven ground.

[0069] The comprehensive trajectory formed by the telescopic adjustment of all telescopic support rods 4 is the tunnel excavation contour line 11. The pneumatic rock drill is used to penetrate the drill rod from the adjusted guide fixing rod 14 to drill the surrounding holes. During the drilling process, it is noted that the drill rod should always be kept in the same straight line with the guide fixing rod 14 to ensure that the drilling angle meets the design requirements. In this way, the drilling accuracy and drilling quality of the surrounding holes are improved, and the purpose of controlling the over-excavation and under-excavation of blasting is achieved.

[0070] Advantages of the present invention:

[0071] ① The drilling and blasting hole guide device can further improve the construction accuracy of manual drilling of peripheral holes and solve the problem that traditional workers cannot hold the hand-held drilling equipment (rock drill); ② Improve the quality of smooth blasting and the half-mark rate of blast holes; ③ Improve the flatness of the surrounding rock after blasting; ④ Improve the efficiency of manual blasting construction; ⑤ Greatly control the over-excavation and under-excavation of tunnels; ⑥ Improve the laying quality of geotextiles and waterproof boards; ⑦ Reduce the number of supplementary blasting and save explosives; ⑧ Reduce the amount of initial sprayed concrete and the amount of rebound to save concrete.

[0072] The drilling and blasting excavation trolley of the present invention is suitable for the excavation of grade III and IV surrounding rocks of various types of mountain tunnels. It can effectively improve the progress and quality of tunnel excavation, control the amount of over-excavation and under-excavation, save labor, shorten the construction period, reduce the amount of shotcrete, and save costs. It provides a guarantee for the high-quality, efficient, and safe construction of the project, and solves the technical problems of the difficulty in controlling the precision of the peripheral eye drilling of the manual drilling and blasting method, the difficulty in ensuring the quality of the drilling, and the difficulty in reducing the consumables of over-excavation and under-excavation. It has high research and promotion value in the process of tunnel excavation by manual drilling and blasting, and has broad application prospects.

[0073] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. All designs that are the same or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel drilling and blasting construction method using a tunnel excavation trolley, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1) After the tunnel excavation cycle is completed, the tunnel excavation trolley is pushed to the tunnel face so that the trolley is located at the tunnel excavation centerline, and then the horizontal and vertical positions of the guide arc frame are adjusted and positioned according to the tunnel excavation contour line; Step 2) Mark the hole positions around the tunnel blasting design on the tunnel face, adjust the telescopic support rod according to the marked hole positions, make the guide fixing rod consistent with the designed hole positions, and adjust the adjustable screw rod to make the guide fixing rod meet the external insertion angle requirements; Step 3) Use a pneumatic rock drill to drill holes around the holes through the adjusted guide fixing rod. After drilling, charge and detonation network connection are performed according to the drilling and blasting design parameters. At the same time, the trolley is withdrawn to a safe area, the blasting alarm is sounded, and the blasting is detonated after all personnel have left the cave to complete the drilling and blasting construction. The tunnel excavation trolley includes a vehicle body, a guide arc frame is provided at the front end of the vehicle body, the guide arc frame can be adjusted horizontally and vertically, and the guide arc frame matches the tunnel excavation contour; The guide arc frame is provided with a plurality of telescopic support rods, which are perpendicular to the plane of the guide arc frame. The top of the telescopic support rod is provided with a guide fixing rod, which is perpendicular to the telescopic support rod and the guide arc frame. The guide fixing rod is used for guiding and fixing the drill rod.

2. A tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide arc frame is divided into multiple units, and adjacent units are hinged.

3. A tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle also includes jacks, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle body, with two jacks arranged on each side, and the top surfaces of the two jacks close to the guide arc frame are connected to the guide arc frame.

4. A tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide arc frame is connected to the vehicle body through the guide frame position adjustment frame, the guide arc frame and the guide frame position adjustment frame are connected through a vertical adjustment rod, and the guide frame position adjustment frame and the vehicle body are connected through a transverse adjustment rod.

5. A tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide arc frame is composed of an A unit, a B unit and a C unit which are connected in sequence. The A unit and the C unit are symmetrically arranged and are both hinged to the B unit.

6. A tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the vertical adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the guide arc frame, and the other end of the vertical adjustment rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjustment frame through a sawtooth, and is fixed by a limiting structure; one side of the lateral adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and the other side of the lateral adjustment rod is meshed and connected with the guide frame position adjustment frame through a sawtooth, and is fixed by a limiting structure.

7. The tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A front drill rod guide hole and a rear drill rod guide hole are provided on the guide fixing rod. The front drill rod guide hole is close to the telescopic support rod, and the rear drill rod guide hole is connected with an adjustable screw rod.

8. The tunnel artificial drilling and blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the pitch angle position adjustment of the guide arc frame is achieved by a jack, so that the drilling direction is consistent with the tunnel direction.

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