A crawler-type retractable temporary support bracket and support method thereof

Abstract

A crawler-walking retractable temporary support bracket and its support method, belonging to the field of underground support technology in coal mines, reduces the types of equipment, ensures that there is enough safety distance between the equipment on the working surface, and realizes the continuous production of coal mining operations. The solution is: the support bracket includes a crawler walking component, a support component and a retractable top beam component. The crawler walking component is arranged in parallel on the front and rear sides below the retractable top beam component, and the crawler walking component and the retractable top beam component are connected through the support component; the crawler walking component includes a crawler assembly, a crawler frame and a first ear seat; the support component includes a lifting cylinder and a guide column; the retractable top beam component includes a support beam, a front exploration beam and a support cylinder. The present invention has a high degree of mechanization and is easy to operate. The support bracket can walk on its own, does not need a supporting bracket transporter, and can realize continuous operation. During the support operation, the excavation operation is not affected, and the support bracket can withdraw from the working tunnel more flexibly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal mine support, and in particular relates to a crawler-walking retractable temporary support bracket and a support method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Temporary advance support equipment is mostly used in coal mine excavation working faces. When excavating coal mine tunnels, the newly cut empty top area of ​​the tunnel boring machine needs to be supported in time to ensure the safety and reliability of the operation. Most of the existing support equipment cannot achieve parallel operation of excavation and temporary support. Some support equipment still needs manual assistance; some support equipment needs to be equipped with special transport vehicles when withdrawing from the working face.

[0003] In order to improve production efficiency and operation safety and realize mechanized support, the supporting equipment for excavation operations must be flexible and quick to move, simple to operate, easy to withdraw, and synchronized support must be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, reduce the types of equipment, ensure sufficient safety distance between equipment on the working surface, and realize continuous production of coal mining operations, the present invention provides a crawler-type retractable temporary support bracket and a support method thereof.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A crawler-type retractable temporary support bracket, the support bracket comprises a crawler-type walking component, a support component and a retractable top beam component, wherein: the crawler-type walking component is arranged in parallel on both sides of the front and rear of the bottom of the retractable top beam component, and the crawler-type walking component is connected to the retractable top beam component through the support component;

[0007] The crawler walking component comprises a crawler assembly, a crawler frame and a first lug seat, the crawler assembly is installed below the crawler frame, and three first lug seats are evenly distributed above the crawler frame along the length direction;

[0008] The support component includes a lifting cylinder and a guide column, the cylinder barrels of the lifting cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding first ear seats, the guide columns are arranged above the crawler frame between adjacent lifting cylinders, the lifting cylinders are arranged vertically upward, and the lifting cylinders drive the telescopic top beam component to move up and down along the guide columns;

[0009] The telescopic top beam component includes a support beam, a front probe beam and a support cylinder, the front probe beam is symmetrically arranged at the front and rear sides of the support beam, and the support cylinder is arranged between the front probe beam and the corresponding support beam; the support beam includes a support beam mechanism, and support beam telescopic components are symmetrically arranged below the front and rear sides of the support beam mechanism; the front probe beam includes a front probe beam mechanism, and push brackets are symmetrically arranged below the front and rear sides of the front probe beam mechanism;

[0010] The support beam mechanism includes a first support top beam, a second support top beam, a first hinged beam, a first pin shaft assembly, a second pin shaft assembly and a support slider. The two ends of the lower surface of the first support top beam are symmetrically provided with guide limit waist-shaped grooves A, the middle part of the lower surface of the first support top beam is symmetrically provided with guide limit waist-shaped grooves B, the two ends of the lower surface of the second support top beam are symmetrically provided with guide limit waist-shaped grooves C, and the middle part of the lower surface of the second support top beam is provided with a hinge hole E. The lengths of the guide limit waist-shaped grooves B, the guide limit waist-shaped grooves A and the guide limit waist-shaped grooves C increase successively. A plurality of first support top beams and second support top beams are alternately arranged along the width direction of the support beam mechanism; the first hinged beam is arranged below the first support top beam and the second support top beam, the first hinged beam includes an upper and lower layer of hinged support beam groups, and the upper and lower layer of hinged support beam groups each include a plurality of support cross beams, wherein the upper hinged support The support beams in the beam group are parallel to each other, the support beams in the lower hinged support beam group are parallel to each other, and the support beams in the upper hinged support beam group and the support beams in the lower hinged support beam group are intersected in a multi-point X-shaped manner, and hinge seats are arranged at the intersection positions of the upper and lower hinged support beam groups, the hinge seats at the front and rear edges of the upper and lower hinged support beam groups are hinged to the first pin shaft assembly, the lower parts of the first support top beams at the front and rear edges are hinged to the corresponding first pin shaft assembly, and the lower parts of the first support top beams and the second support top beams in the middle are hinged to the corresponding second pin shaft assembly; support sliders are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the first pin shaft assembly and the second pin shaft assembly, and the support sliders are respectively arranged above the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped groove or the hinge hole E, wherein the support slider above the guide limiting waist-shaped groove reciprocates along the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped groove along with the corresponding pin shaft assembly;

[0011] The support beam telescopic assembly includes a first bracket, a first support shaft, a push slider, a driven slider, a fixed ear seat, a telescopic cylinder, a slider ear seat, a blocking cover, a second ear seat and a third ear seat. The second ear seats are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower surface of the first bracket, and mounting holes G, mounting holes I and mounting holes H are correspondingly arranged at the third o'clock position, the six o'clock position and the nine o'clock position on the second ear seat. The piston rods of the lifting cylinders on both sides are fixedly connected to the mounting holes H corresponding to the second ear seats, and the mounting holes I are hinged to the cylinder barrel of the support cylinder. The third ear seat is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the first bracket, and the third ear seat is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder located in the middle. The first support shaft spans the first bracket, and support plates are respectively installed between the middle part and the ends of the first support shaft and the first bracket, and the outer walls of the support plates at both ends have positions corresponding to the positions of the ends of the first support shaft A blocking cover is respectively provided, and a push slider and a driven slider are sequentially provided on the first support shaft from the end of the first bracket to the middle, the push slider is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly located on the outside, the driven slider is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly located on the inside, and a slider ear seat is installed on the side wall of the push slider; fixed ear seats are respectively installed on the end surfaces of both sides of the middle support plate, the cylinder barrels of the telescopic oil cylinder are respectively installed on the corresponding fixed ear seats, the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the corresponding slider ear seat, the telescopic oil cylinder drives the push slider to slide along the first support shaft, the push slider drives the first hinged beam to extend or contract through the corresponding first pin shaft assembly, the first hinged beam drives the driven slider to slide along the first support shaft through the corresponding first pin shaft assembly, and a plurality of first support top beams and second support top beams extend or contract with the first hinged beam;

[0012] The front probe beam mechanism includes a first front probe top beam, a second front probe top beam, a second hinged beam, a first pin shaft assembly, a second pin shaft assembly and a supporting slider. A guide and limiting waist-shaped groove D is arranged in the middle of the first front probe top beam, and a hinge hole F is arranged at the end of the first front probe top beam away from the supporting beam. A guide and limiting waist-shaped groove D and a hinge hole F are also arranged in the middle of the second front probe top beam close to the outer end, and the distance between the guide and limiting waist-shaped groove D and the hinge hole F on the first front probe top beam and the second front probe top beam is equal. A plurality of first front probe top beams and second front probe top beams are alternately arranged along the width direction of the front probe beam mechanism. The second hinged beam is arranged below the first front probe top beam and the second front probe top beam. The second hinged beam includes an upper and lower layer of hinged front probe beam groups, and the upper and lower layer of hinged front probe beam groups each include a plurality of front probe cross beams, wherein the front probe cross beams in the upper layer of hinged front probe beam group are parallel to each other. , the front exploration beams in the lower hinged front exploration beam group are parallel to each other, and the front exploration beams in the upper hinged front exploration beam group and the front exploration beams in the lower hinged front exploration beam group are intersected in a multi-point X-shaped manner, and hinge seats are arranged at the intersection positions of the upper and lower hinged front exploration beam groups, the hinge seats at the front and rear edges of the upper and lower hinged support beam groups are hinged to the first pin shaft assembly, the lower parts of the first front exploration top beams at the front and rear edges are hinged to the corresponding first pin shaft assembly, and the lower parts of the first front exploration top beams and the second front exploration top beams in the middle are hinged to the corresponding second pin shaft assembly; support sliders are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the first pin shaft assembly and the second pin shaft assembly, and the support sliders are respectively arranged above the corresponding guide limit waist-shaped groove D or the hinge hole F, wherein the support slider above the guide limit waist-shaped groove D slides back and forth along the corresponding guide limit waist-shaped groove along with the corresponding pin shaft assembly;

[0013] The pushing bracket includes a second bracket, a second support shaft, a pushing slider, a driven slider, a fixed ear seat, a pushing cylinder, a slider ear seat, a blocking cover, a fourth ear seat and a fifth ear seat. The second bracket is provided with a fourth ear seat below one end of the supporting beam, the fourth ear seat is hinged to the corresponding mounting hole G of the second ear seat, a fifth ear seat is provided below the middle part of the second bracket, and the fifth ear seat is hinged to the piston rod of the supporting cylinder; the second support shaft spans the second bracket, and the first support plates are respectively installed between the two ends of the second support shaft and the second bracket, and blocking covers are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the first support plates at the two ends at positions corresponding to the end positions of the second support shaft, and a second support plate is arranged on the second support shaft and on the inner side of the first support plate near one end of the supporting beam, and the second support A fixed ear seat is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the plate, and the cylinder barrel of the push cylinder is fixedly installed on the fixed ear seat; a driven slider and a push slider are sequentially arranged on the second support shaft located between the second support plate and the distal first support plate, the push slider is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly located on the outside, and the driven slider is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly located on the inside, a slider ear seat is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the push slider, and the piston rod of the push cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider ear seat, the push cylinder drives the push slider to slide along the second support shaft, and the push slider drives the second hinged beam to extend or contract through the first pin shaft assembly located on the outside, and the second hinged beam drives the driven slider to slide along the second support shaft through the first pin shaft assembly located on the inside.

[0014] Furthermore, two support brackets are arranged in sequence below the working surface. The first support bracket spans over the top of the tunnel boring machine. As the tunnel boring machine's coal cutting operation progresses, the two brackets alternately follow and move forward to support the exposed roof and two sides of the tunnel.

[0015] Furthermore, the first supporting top beam and the second supporting top beam are both square tubes.

[0016] A method for supporting a crawler-type retractable support bracket comprises the following steps:

[0017] (i) Initial state: The crawler travel drives the support bracket to reach the specified position of the working surface as a whole. At this time, the telescopic top beam component 3 is in a retracted state, the overall height is at the lowest position, the supporting cylinder, telescopic cylinder and push cylinder are in the maximum stroke position, and the lifting cylinder and are in the minimum stroke position;

[0018] (II) The process of the support bracket entering the working surface to support the top plate:

[0019] S2-1, the first support bracket action:

[0020] S2-1-1, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder rises to the middle stroke position, driving the telescopic top beam component to rise to a certain height as a whole;

[0021] S2-1-2, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder retracts to the zero stroke position, driving the front exploration beam to rotate downward around the hinge position of the second ear seat;

[0022] S2-1-3, after the piston rod of the lifting cylinder retracts to the zero stroke position and the telescopic top beam component drops to the limit position as a whole, the outer edges of the front top beams of the front probe beams on both sides contact the bottom plate. As the piston rod of the lifting cylinder continues to retract, the crawler walking components are lifted off the bottom plate, and the front probe beams on both sides play a supporting role;

[0023] S2-1-4, the telescopic cylinder retracts to the zero stroke position, the support beam mechanism extends, driving the support beam and the front exploration beam to extend synchronously, at this time the width of the telescopic top beam component becomes maximum, the overall height of the support bracket increases by a certain distance, driving the crawler walking component to increase a certain height synchronously, making it farther away from the bottom plate;

[0024] S2-1-5, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder extends to the middle stroke position, driving the crawler walking parts to descend until the crawler contacts the bottom plate. As the piston rod of the lifting cylinder continues to extend, the front exploration beam leaves the bottom plate;

[0025] S2-1-6, the piston rod of the push cylinder retracts to the zero stroke position, and the front beam mechanism moves inward by a predetermined distance;

[0026] S2-1-7, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder extends to the maximum stroke position, driving the front exploration beam to rotate upward around the hinge position of the second ear seat, so that the supporting top beam and the front exploration top beam are in the same plane;

[0027] S2-1-8, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder extends to the maximum stroke position, the telescopic top beam component reaches the predetermined height, and the top plate is supported;

[0028] S2-2, the second support bracket repeats the above steps S2-1-1 to S2-1-8, and the second support bracket synchronously enters the predetermined position of the working surface to support the top plate;

[0029] (III) The process of cyclic forward movement of the support bracket during the support process:

[0030] S3-1, the first support bracket action:

[0031] S3-1-1. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder descends, driving the telescopic top beam component to descend as a whole; the crawler walking component moves forward a predetermined distance;

[0032] S3-1-2, the piston rod of the corresponding push cylinder on the front exploration beam at the head end of the support beam is extended to the maximum stroke position, pushing the front exploration beam mechanism to move outward by a predetermined distance;

[0033] S3-1-3, the piston rod of the corresponding push cylinder on the front exploration beam at the rear end of the support beam is extended to the maximum stroke position, pushing the front exploration beam mechanism to move outward by a predetermined distance;

[0034] S3-1-4, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder rises and returns to its original position, driving the telescopic top beam component to rise and reset to the support height;

[0035] S3-2, the second support bracket repeats the above steps S3-1-1 to S3-1-4, and the second support bracket follows up synchronously to support the top plate;

[0036] (IV) Process of shrinking and withdrawing the support bracket from the working surface:

[0037] S4-1, the second support bracket retracts:

[0038] S4-1-1. The piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder is retracted to the zero stroke position, driving the front exploration beam to rotate downward around the hinge position of the second ear seat. At this time, the width of the telescopic top beam component becomes the minimum;

[0039] S4-1-2. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder retracts to the middle stroke position, the telescopic top beam component descends, the outer edges of the front top beams on both sides contact the bottom plate, and the height of the support bracket is reduced;

[0040] S4-1-3, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder retracts to the zero stroke position, the crawler walking parts are lifted to a certain height away from the bottom plate, and the front exploration beams on both sides play a supporting role;

[0041] S4-1-4, the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder is extended to the maximum stroke position, the support beam mechanism is contracted, driving the support beam and the front exploration beam to contract synchronously, at this time the width of the telescopic top beam component becomes minimum, the height of the support bracket is synchronously reduced, and the crawler walking component is synchronously reduced by a certain distance, still in a suspended state away from the bottom plate;

[0042] S4-1-5. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder extends to the middle stroke position, the crawler walking parts descend to contact the bottom plate to play a supporting role, the support bracket height increases by a certain distance, and the telescopic top beam parts rise synchronously until the front exploration beams on both sides leave the bottom plate to a certain height;

[0043] S4-1-6, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder is retracted and extended to the maximum stroke position, driving the front exploration beam to rotate upward around the hinge position of the second ear seat, and the total length of the support bracket becomes longer;

[0044] S4-1-7, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder retracts to the zero stroke position, the telescopic top beam component descends to the lowest height, and the crawler walking component drives the whole to move to the predetermined position in the tunnel;

[0045] S4-2. The first support bracket repeats the above steps S4-1-1 to S4-1-7, and the first support bracket is synchronously recovered and moves to the predetermined position in the tunnel.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. The support bracket can move on its own at a fast speed, and does not require a supporting bracket transport vehicle;

[0048] 2. Easy to operate, high degree of mechanization, and reduced labor intensity;

[0049] 3. Equipped with a tunnel boring machine, the machine can be extended to support the roof to achieve continuous operation. During the support operation, the tunneling operation will not be affected;

[0050] 4. When the support bracket exits the working tunnel, it can shrink itself and move out of the working surface by itself, which is more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when it is in a supporting state;

[0053] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure when the support beam is in an extended state;

[0054] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the support beam is in an extended state when viewed from above;

[0055] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure when the support beam is in the contracted state;

[0056] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure when the support beam is in the retracted state;

[0057] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front exploration beam when the front exploration beam is in the extended position and has not moved forward;

[0058] Figure 8 The front exploration beam is in the extended position. When the front exploration beam moves forward, the three-dimensional structure diagram of the front exploration beam

[0059] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the front exploration beam is in the extended state when viewed from above;

[0060] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure when the front exploration beam is in a retracted state;

[0061] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the front exploration beam is in the retracted state when viewed from above;

[0062] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the support beam mechanism is in the extended position when viewed from above;

[0063] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support beam mechanism (excluding the first and second support top beams) when it is in the extended position;

[0064] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the support beam mechanism is in the retracted position when viewed from above;

[0065] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support beam mechanism (excluding the first and second support top beams) in the retracted position;

[0066] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first supporting top beam;

[0067] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second supporting top beam;

[0068] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure of a first pin assembly;

[0069] Fig.19 for Fig.12 A1-A1 cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0070] Fig. 20 for Fig.14 A2-A2 cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0071] Fig.21 for Fig.12 Middle B1-B1 plane cross-sectional structure diagram;

[0072] Fig. 22 for Fig.14 Middle B2-B2 plane cross-sectional structure diagram;

[0073] Fig.23 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle C1-C1 plane;

[0074] Fig.24 for Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the C2-C2 plane;

[0075] Fig.25 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic assembly of the support beam when the support beam is in the extended position;

[0076] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic assembly of the support beam when the support beam is in the retracted position;

[0077] Fig. 27This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the front exploration beam mechanism is in the extended position when viewed from above;

[0078] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front exploration beam mechanism (excluding the first and second front exploration top beams) when it is in the extended position;

[0079] Fig.29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the front exploration beam mechanism is in the retracted position when viewed from above;

[0080] Fig.30 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front exploration beam mechanism (excluding the first and second front exploration top beams) in the retracted position;

[0081] Fig.31 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first front exploration top beam;

[0082] Fig.32 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second front exploration top beam;

[0083] Fig.33 for Fig. 27 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the D1-D1 plane;

[0084] Fig.34 for Fig.29 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the D2-D2 plane;

[0085] Fig.35 for Fig. 27 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the E1-E1 plane;

[0086] Fig.36 for Fig.29 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the E2-E2 plane;

[0087] Fig.37 for Fig. 27 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the F1-F1 plane;

[0088] Fig.38 for Fig.29 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the F2-F2 plane;

[0089] Fig.39 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the push bracket when the front exploration beam is in an extended state and the front exploration beam has not moved forward;

[0090] Fig.40 The front exploration beam is in an extended state, and when the front exploration beam moves forward, the three-dimensional structure diagram of the push bracket;

[0091] Fig.41 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the push bracket when the front exploration beam is in a retracted state and the front exploration beam has not moved forward;

[0092] Fig.42Schematic diagram of the top view of the telescopic top beam component during the contraction process, in which a) is the telescopic top beam component in the extended state i, b) is the telescopic top beam component in the extended state ii, and c) is the telescopic top beam component in the contracted state;

[0093] Fig.43 for Fig.42 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the support bracket when the middle telescopic top beam component is in the extended state i;

[0094] Fig.44 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second ear seat

[0095] Fig.45 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the action flow of the support bracket from the initial state of contraction to the support extension state i;

[0096] Fig.46 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the action flow of the support bracket from the initial contraction state to the support extension state i;

[0097] Fig.47 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the action flow of the support bracket from the support extension state i to the extension state ii;

[0098] Fig.48 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the action flow of the support bracket from the support extension state ii to the contraction initial state;

[0099] Fig.49 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the action flow of the support bracket from the support extension state ii to the contraction initial state; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0100] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the examples are all based on conventional experimental conditions. In addition, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the essence and scope of the present invention, various modifications or improvements to the material components and dosages in these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in the underground rapid excavation coal mining process, two crawler-walking retractable support brackets are equipped on the excavation working face. The two support brackets have the same structure and are arranged in parallel on the working face. The first support bracket spans over the tunneling machine. As the tunneling machine advances in coal cutting operations, the two brackets follow and move forward to provide timely support for the exposed roof and two sides.

[0102] like Figure 2As shown, a crawler-walking retractable temporary support bracket comprises a crawler-walking component 1, a support component 2 and a retractable top beam component 3, wherein: the crawler-walking component 1 is arranged in parallel on both sides of the front and rear of the retractable top beam component 3, and the crawler-walking component 1 is connected to the retractable top beam component 3 through the support component 2;

[0103] The crawler walking component 1 includes a crawler assembly, a crawler frame and a first lug seat 1-1, the crawler assembly is installed below the crawler frame, and three first lug seats 1-1 are evenly distributed above the crawler frame along the length direction;

[0104] The support component 2 includes a lifting cylinder 2-1 and a guide column 2-2. The cylinder barrels of the lifting cylinders 2-1 are fixedly connected to the corresponding first ear seats 1-1 respectively. The guide columns 2-2 are arranged above the crawler frame between adjacent lifting cylinders 2-1. The lifting cylinders 2-1 are arranged vertically upward. The lifting cylinders 2-1 drive the telescopic top beam component 3 to move up and down along the guide columns 2-2.

[0105] like Figures 3 to 11 As shown, the telescopic top beam component 3 includes a support beam 3-1, a front probe beam 3-2 and a support cylinder 3-3, the front probe beam 3-2 is symmetrically arranged at the front and rear sides of the support beam 3-1, and the support cylinder 3-3 is arranged between the front probe beam 3-2 and the corresponding support beam 3-1; the support beam 3-1 includes a support beam mechanism 3-1-1, and support beam telescopic components 3-1-2 are symmetrically arranged below the front and rear sides of the support beam mechanism 3-1-1; the front probe beam 3-2 includes a front probe beam mechanism 3-2-1, and push brackets 3-2-2 are symmetrically arranged below the front and rear sides of the front probe beam mechanism 3-2-1;

[0106] like Figures 12 to 18As shown, the support beam mechanism 3-1-1 includes a first support top beam 3-1-1-1, a second support top beam 3-1-1-2, a first hinged beam 3-1-1-3, a first pin assembly 3-1-1-4, a second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 and a support slider 3-1-1-6, the two ends of the lower surface of the first support top beam 3-1-1-1 are symmetrically provided with guide limiting waist-shaped grooves A, the middle part of the lower surface of the first support top beam 3-1-1-1 is symmetrically provided with guide limiting waist-shaped grooves B, and the two ends of the lower surface of the second support top beam 3-1-1-2 are symmetrically provided with guide limiting waist-shaped grooves A, B, C and D are symmetrically provided with guide limiting waist-shaped grooves B, B ... A limiting waist-shaped groove C, a hinge hole E is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the second support top beam 3-1-1-2, the lengths of the guide limiting waist-shaped groove B, the guide limiting waist-shaped groove A, and the guide limiting waist-shaped groove C increase successively, and a plurality of first support top beams 3-1-1-1 and second support top beams 3-1-1-2 are alternately arranged along the width direction of the support beam mechanism 3-1-1; the first hinged beam 3-1-1-3 is arranged below the first support top beam 3-1-1-1 and the second support top beam 3-1-1-2, and the first hinged beam 3-1-1-3 includes an upper and lower layer of hinged support beam groups, The upper and lower articulated support beam groups respectively include a number of parallel supporting beams, a number of articulated nodes are arranged on the supporting beams at equal intervals, and articulated seats are respectively arranged at the positions of the articulated nodes. The articulated seats at the front and rear edges of the upper and lower articulated support beam groups are articulated through the first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4, and the articulated seats in the middle of the upper and lower articulated support beam groups are articulated through the second pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-5. The supporting beams of the upper articulated support beam group and the supporting beams of the lower articulated support beam group are articulated in a multi-point X shape. At the same time: the first supporting top beam 3-1-1-1 at the front and rear edges is connected to the first supporting top beam 3-1-1-1 at the second pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-5. A pin assembly 3-1-1-4 is installed, and a plurality of first supporting top beams 3-1-1-1 and second supporting top beams 3-1-1-2 in the middle are installed with a second pin assembly 3-1-1-5. Support sliders 3-1-1-6 are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the first pin assembly 3-1-1-4 and the second pin assembly 3-1-1-5. The support sliders 3-1-1-6 are respectively arranged above the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped groove and the corresponding hinge hole E. The support sliders 3-1-1-6 above the guide limiting waist-shaped groove slide back and forth along the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped groove with the corresponding pin assembly;

[0107] like Fig.19 As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the extended state, the four first pin shaft assemblies 3-1-1-4 are respectively located at the innermost sides of the corresponding four guide limiting waist-shaped grooves relative to the center position of the first support top beam 3-1-1-1;

[0108] like Fig. 20 As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the retracted state, the four first pin shaft assemblies 3-1-1-4 are respectively located at the outermost sides of the corresponding four guide limiting waist-shaped grooves relative to the center position of the first support top beam 3-1-1-1;

[0109] like Fig.21 As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the extended state, the two second pin shaft assemblies 3-1-1-5 at both ends are respectively located at the corresponding guide limit waist groove and the inner side relative to the center position of the second support top beam 3-1-1-2, and the middle second pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-5 is located at the hinge hole E and does not slide, playing a positioning role;

[0110] like Fig. 22 As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the contracted state, the two second pin shaft assemblies 3-1-1-5 at both ends slide outward for a distance to the middle position of the corresponding guide limit waist-shaped groove, and the middle second pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-5 is located in the hinge hole E and does not slide;

[0111] like Fig.23 As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the extended state, the four second pin shaft assemblies 3-1-1-5 are respectively located at the innermost sides of the corresponding four guide limiting waist-shaped grooves relative to the center position of the first support top beam 3-1-1-1;

[0112] like Fig.24 As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the retracted state, the four second pin shaft assemblies 3-1-1-5 are respectively located at the outermost sides of the corresponding four guide limiting waist-shaped grooves relative to the center position of the first support top beam 3-1-1-1;

[0113] like Figure 25 to Figure 26As shown, the support beam telescopic assembly 3-1-2 includes a first bracket 3-1-2-1, a first support shaft 3-1-2-2, a push slider 3-1-2-3, a driven slider 3-1-2-4, a fixed ear seat 3-1-2-5, a telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6, a slider ear seat 3-1-2-7, a cover 3-1-2-8, a second ear seat 3-1-2-9 and a third ear seat 3-1-2-10. The second ear seats 3-1-2-9 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower surface of the first bracket 3-1-2-1. The third o'clock position, the six o'clock position and the nine o'clock position of the second ear seat 3-1-2-9 are correspondingly provided with mounting holes G, mounting holes I and mounting holes H, which are located at the lifting and lowering positions on both sides. The piston rod of the oil cylinder 2-1 is fixedly connected to the mounting hole H corresponding to the second ear seat 3-1-2-9, the mounting hole I is hinged to the cylinder barrel of the supporting oil cylinder 3-3, a third ear seat 3-1-2-10 is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the first bracket 3-1-2-1, the third ear seat 3-1-2-10 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 2-1 located in the middle, the first support shaft 3-1-2-2 spans the first bracket 3-1-2-1, support plates are respectively installed between the middle part and the ends of both ends of the first support shaft 3-1-2-2 and the first bracket 3-1-2-1, and blocking covers 3-1-2-8 are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the support plates at both ends at the positions corresponding to the ends of the first support shaft 3-1-2-2. On the first support shaft 3-1-2-2, a push slider 3-1-2-3 and a driven slider 3-1-2-4 are sequentially arranged from the end of the first bracket 3-1-2-1 to the middle, the push slider 3-1-2-3 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4, the driven slider 3-1-2-4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4, and a slider ear seat 3-1-2-7 is installed on the side wall of the push slider 3-1-2-3; fixed ear seats 3-1-2-5 are respectively installed on the end surfaces of both sides of the middle support plate, and the cylinder barrels of the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 are respectively installed on the corresponding fixed ear seats 3-1-2-5. The piston rod of 3-1-2-6 is fixedly connected with the corresponding slider ear seat 3-1-2-7, and the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 drives the push slider 3-1-2-3 to slide along the first support shaft 3-1-2-2. The push slider 3-1-2-3 drives the first hinged beam 3-1-1-3 to extend or contract through the corresponding first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4, and the first hinged beam 3-1-1-3 drives the driven slider 3-1-2-4 to slide along the first support shaft 3-1-2-2 through the corresponding first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4; at the same time, a plurality of first support top beams 3-1-1-1 and second support top beams 3-1-1-2 extend or contract along with the first hinged beam 3-1-1-3;

[0114] like Fig.25As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the extended state, the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 is located at the zero stroke position, the push slider 3-1-2-3 is located in the middle position between the two support plates; the driven slider 3-1-2-4 is close to the middle support plate;

[0115] like Fig.26 As shown, when the support beam 3-1 is in the retracted state, the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 is at the maximum stroke position, the push slider 3-1-2-3 slides to the outer end support plates, and the driven slider 3-1-2-4 moves a distance outward;

[0116] like Figures 27 to 32 As shown, the front exploration beam mechanism 3-2-1 includes a first front exploration top beam 3-2-1-1, a second front exploration top beam 3-2-1-2, a second hinged beam 3-2-1-3, a first pin assembly 3-1-1-4, a second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 and a supporting slider 3-1-1-6, a guide limit waist-shaped groove D is set in the middle of the first front exploration top beam 3-2-1-1, a hinge hole F is set at one end of the first front exploration top beam 3-2-1-1 away from the supporting beam 3-1, and a guide limit waist-shaped groove is also set at the middle part of the second front exploration top beam 3-2-1-2 near the outer end. The guide limit waist-shaped groove D and the hinge hole F of the first front probe top beam 3-2-1-1 and the second front probe top beam 3-2-1-2 are at an equal distance from each other. A plurality of first front probe top beams 3-2-1-1 and second front probe top beams 3-2-1-2 are alternately arranged along the width direction of the front probe beam mechanism 3-2-1. The second hinged beam 3-2-1-3 is arranged below the first front probe top beam 3-2-1-1 and the second front probe top beam 3-2-1-2. The second hinged beam 3-2-1-3 includes an upper and lower hinged front probe beam group. The upper and lower hinged front probe beam groups are The beam groups respectively include a number of parallel front probe beams, a number of hinge nodes are equidistantly arranged on the front probe beams, and hinge seats are respectively arranged at the hinge node positions. The hinge seats at the front and rear edges of the upper and lower hinged front probe beam groups are hinged through the first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4, and the hinge seats in the middle of the upper and lower hinged front probe beam groups are hinged through the second pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-5. The front probe beams of the upper hinged front probe beam group and the front probe beams of the lower hinged front probe beam group are hinged in a multi-point X shape. At the same time: the first front probe top beams 3-2-1-1 at the front and rear edges are hinged to the first pin shaft assembly 3- 1-1-4 is installed, and several first front exploring top beams 3-2-1-1 and second front exploring top beams 3-2-1-2 in the middle are installed with the second pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-5. Support sliders 3-1-1-6 are respectively arranged on the upper ends of the first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4 and the second pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-5. The support sliders 3-1-1-6 are respectively arranged above the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped grooves D and the corresponding hinge holes F. The support sliders 3-1-1-6 above the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped grooves D slide back and forth along the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped grooves D along with the corresponding pin shaft assembly.

[0117] like Fig.33 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the extended state, the left first pin assembly 3-1-1-4 is located in the hinge hole F of the first front exploration top beam 3-2-1-1, and the right first pin assembly 3-1-1-4 is located at the innermost side of the guide limit waist groove D;

[0118] like Fig.34 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the retracted state, the left first pin assembly 3-1-1-4 is located in the hinge hole F of the first front exploration top beam 3-2-1-1, and the right first pin assembly 3-1-1-4 is located at the outermost side of the guide limit waist groove D;

[0119] like Fig.35 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the extended state, the left second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located in the hinge hole F of the second front exploration top beam 3-2-1-2, and the right second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located at the innermost side of the guide limit waist groove D;

[0120] like Fig.36 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the retracted state, the left second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located in the hinge hole F of the second front exploration top beam 3-2-1-2, and the right second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located at the outermost side of the guide limit waist groove D;

[0121] like Fig.37 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the extended state, the left second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located in the hinge hole F of the first front exploration top beam 3-2-1-1, and the right second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located at the innermost side of the guide limit waist groove D;

[0122] like Fig.38 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the retracted state, the left second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located in the hinge hole F of the first front exploration top beam 3-2-1-1, and the right second pin assembly 3-1-1-5 is located at the outermost side of the guide limit waist groove D;

[0123] like Figure 39 to Figure 40The push bracket 3-2-2 shown in the figure includes a second bracket 3-2-2-1, a second support shaft 3-2-2-2, a push slider 3-1-2-3, a driven slider 3-1-2-4, a fixed ear seat 3-1-2-5, a push cylinder 3-2-2-3, a slider ear seat 3-1-2-7, a blocking cover 3-1-2-8, a fourth ear seat 3-2-2-4 and a fifth ear seat 3-2-2-5. The fourth ear seat 3-2-2-1 is arranged below one end of the second bracket 3-2-2-1 near the support beam 3-1. 2-2-4, the fourth ear seat 3-2-2-4 is hinged with the mounting hole G of the corresponding second ear seat 3-1-2-9, a fifth ear seat 3-2-2-5 is arranged below the middle of the second bracket 3-2-2-1, and the fifth ear seat 3-2-2-5 is hinged with the piston rod of the supporting cylinder 3-3; the second support shaft 3-2-2-2 spans the second bracket 3-2-2-1, and the first support plates are respectively installed between the two ends of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2 and the second bracket 3-2-2-1, and the first support plates at both ends are respectively installed. A blocking cover 3-1-2-8 is respectively arranged on the outer wall of the support plate at positions corresponding to the end positions of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2, and a second support plate is arranged on the inner side of the first support plate on the second support shaft 3-2-2-2 and close to one end of the support beam 3-1, and a fixing ear seat 3-1-2-5 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the second support plate, and the cylinder barrel of the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 is fixedly installed on the fixing ear seat 3-1-2-5; the second support shaft 3-2 is located between the second support plate and the distal first support plate -2-2 is sequentially provided with a driven slider 3-1-2-4 and a push slider 3-1-2-3, the push slider 3-1-2-3 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4, the driven slider 3-1-2-4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4, a slider ear seat 3-1-2-7 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the push slider 3-1-2-3, and the piston rod of the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 is fixedly connected to the slider ear seat 3-1-2-7, The push cylinder 3-2-2-3 drives the push slider 3-1-2-3 to slide along the second support shaft 3-2-2-2. The push slider 3-1-2-3 drives the second hinged beam 3-2-1-3 to extend or contract through the outer first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4. The second hinged beam 3-2-1-3 drives the driven slider 3-1-2-4 to slide along the second support shaft 3-2-2-2 through the inner first pin shaft assembly 3-1-1-4.

[0124] like Fig.39 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the extended state i, the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 is located at the zero stroke position, and the push slider 3-1-2-3 is located in the middle position of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2; the driven slider 3-1-2-4 is located at the front position of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2, close to the second support plate.

[0125] like Fig.40As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in the extended state ii, the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 is in the maximum stroke position, pushing the push slider 3-1-2-3 to move a distance outward, the push slider 3-1-2-3 is located at the rear position of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2, and the driven slider 3-1-2-4 is located in the middle position of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2. With the movement of the piston rod of the push cylinder 3-2-2-3, the push slider 3-1-2-3 is pushed to drive the second hinged beam 3-2-1-2, the front exploration top beam, and the driven slider 3-1-2-4 to move synchronously outward by a corresponding distance.

[0126] like Fig.41 As shown, when the front exploration beam 3-2 is in a retracted state, the oil cylinder 3-2-2-3 is in a maximum stroke position, the push slider 3-1-2-3 is located at the rear position of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2, and the driven slider 3-1-2-4 is located at the front position of the second support shaft 3-2-2-2.

[0127] like Fig.42 As shown in a), when the telescopic top beam component 3-2 is in the extended state i, the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 and the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 are both at the zero stroke position; the support cylinder 3-3 is at the maximum stroke position; the front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 are at the same horizontal plane. The distance between the front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 is small.

[0128] like Fig.42 As shown in b), when the telescopic top beam component 3-2 is in the extended state ii, the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 is at the zero stroke position, the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 is at the maximum stroke position; the support cylinder 3-3 is at the maximum stroke position; the front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 are at the same horizontal plane. The distance between the front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 is large.

[0129] like Fig.42 As shown in c), when the telescopic top beam component 3-2 is in the retracted state, the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6, the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 and the support cylinder 3-3 are at the maximum stroke position. The front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 are in the same horizontal plane. The distance between the front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 is small.

[0130] The functions of each oil cylinder in the present invention are summarized as follows:

[0131] Lifting cylinder 2-1: when in zero stroke, the telescopic top beam component 3 is lowered to the lowest height; when in maximum stroke, the telescopic top beam component 3 is raised to the highest height;

[0132] Telescopic oil cylinder 3-1-2-6: at zero stroke, the telescopic top beam component 3 is in an extended state; at maximum stroke, the telescopic top beam component 3 is in a retracted state;

[0133] Push cylinder 3-2-2-3: at zero stroke, the distance between the front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 is small; at maximum stroke: the distance between the front exploration beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 is large;

[0134] Support cylinder 3-3: in the maximum stroke position, the front beam 3-2 and the support beam 3-1 are in the same horizontal plane. The piston rod of the support cylinder 3-3 retracts, and the front beam 3-2 rotates downward around the hinge pins of the second ear seat 3-1-2-9 and the fourth ear seat 3-2-2-4.

[0135] Furthermore, two support brackets are arranged in sequence below the working surface. The first support bracket spans over the top of the tunnel boring machine. As the tunnel boring machine's coal cutting operation progresses, the two brackets alternately follow and move forward to support the exposed roof and two sides of the tunnel.

[0136] Furthermore, the first supporting top beam 3-1-1-1 and the second supporting top beam 3-1-1-2 are both square tubes.

[0137] A method for supporting a crawler-type retractable support bracket comprises the following steps:

[0138] (i) Initial state: The crawler travel drives the support bracket to reach the specified position of the working surface as a whole. At this time, the telescopic top beam component 3 is in a retracted state, the overall height is at the lowest position, the supporting cylinder 3-3, the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 and the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 are in the maximum stroke position, and the lifting cylinder 2-1 and is in the minimum stroke position;

[0139] (II) The process of the support bracket entering the working surface to support the top plate:

[0140] S2-1, the first support bracket action:

[0141] S2-1-1, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 rises to the middle stroke position, driving the telescopic top beam component 3 to rise to a certain height as a whole;

[0142] S2-1-2, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder 3-3 is retracted to the zero stroke position, driving the front exploration beam 3-2 to rotate downward around the hinge position of the second ear seat 3-1-2-9;

[0143] S2-1-3, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 is retracted to the zero stroke position, and after the telescopic top beam component 3 is lowered to the limit position as a whole, the outer edges of the front top beams 3-2 on both sides contact the bottom plate, and as the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 continues to retract, the crawler walking component 1 is lifted off the bottom plate, and the front top beams 3-2 on both sides play a supporting role;

[0144] S2-1-4, the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 retracts to the zero stroke position, the support beam mechanism 3-1-1 extends, driving the support beam 3-1 and the front exploration beam 3-2 to extend synchronously, at this time the width of the telescopic top beam component 3 becomes maximum, the overall height of the support bracket increases by a certain distance, driving the crawler walking component 1 to increase a certain height synchronously, so that it is farther away from the bottom plate;

[0145] S2-1-5, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 rises to the middle stroke position, driving the crawler walking part (1) to descend until the crawler contacts the bottom plate, and as the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) continues to extend, the front exploration beam 3-2 leaves the bottom plate;

[0146] S2-1-6, the piston rod of the push cylinder 3-2-2-3 is retracted to the zero stroke position, and the front beam mechanism 3-2-1 moves inward by a predetermined distance;

[0147] S2-1-7, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder 3-3 extends to the maximum stroke position, driving the front exploration beam 3-2 to rotate upward around the hinge position of the second ear seat 3-1-2-9, so that the supporting top beam and the front exploration top beam are in the same plane;

[0148] S2-1-8, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 is extended to the maximum stroke position, and the telescopic top beam component 3 reaches the predetermined height to support the top plate;

[0149] S2-2, the second support bracket repeats the above steps S2-1-1 to S2-1-8, and the second support bracket synchronously enters the predetermined position of the working surface to support the top plate;

[0150] (III) The process of cyclic forward movement of the support bracket during the support process (initial state: both support brackets are in the extended state i):

[0151] S3-1, the first support bracket action:

[0152] S3-1-1, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 descends, driving the telescopic top beam component 3 to descend as a whole; the crawler walking component 1 moves forward a predetermined distance;

[0153] S3-1-2, the piston rod of the corresponding push cylinder 3-2-2-3 on the front exploration beam 3-2 located at the head end of the support beam 3-1 extends to the maximum stroke position, pushing the front exploration beam mechanism 3-2-1 to move outward by a predetermined distance;

[0154] S3-1-3, the piston rod of the corresponding push cylinder 3-2-2-3 on the front exploration beam 3-2 located at the rear end of the support beam 3-1 extends to the maximum stroke position, pushing the front exploration beam mechanism 3-2-1 to move outward by a predetermined distance;

[0155] S3-1-4, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 rises and returns to its original position, driving the telescopic top beam component 3 to rise and reset to reach the support height;

[0156] S3-2, the second support bracket repeats the above steps S3-1-1 to S3-1-4, and the second support bracket follows up synchronously to support the top plate;

[0157] (IV) The process of shrinking and withdrawing the support bracket from the working face (initial state: both support brackets are in the extended state ii):

[0158] S4-1, the second support bracket retracts:

[0159] S4-1-1, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder 3-3 is retracted to the zero stroke position, driving the front exploration beam 3-2 to rotate downward around the hinge position of the second ear seat 3-1-2-9, at which time the width of the telescopic top beam component 3 becomes the minimum;

[0160] S4-1-2, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 is retracted to the middle stroke position, the telescopic top beam component 3 is lowered, the outer edges of the front top beams 3-2 on both sides contact the bottom plate, and the height of the support bracket is reduced;

[0161] S4-1-3, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 is retracted to the zero stroke position, the crawler walking part 1 is lifted to a certain height away from the bottom plate, and the front exploration beams 3-2 on both sides play a supporting role;

[0162] S4-1-4, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 3-1-2-6 is extended to the maximum stroke position, the support beam mechanism 3-1-1 is contracted, driving the support beam 3-1 and the front exploration beam 3-2 to contract synchronously, at this time the width of the telescopic top beam component 3 becomes minimum, the height of the support bracket is synchronously reduced, and the crawler walking component 1 is synchronously reduced by a certain distance, still in a suspended state away from the bottom plate;

[0163] S4-1-5, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 extends to the middle stroke position, the crawler walking part 1 descends to contact the bottom plate to play a supporting role, the support bracket height increases by a certain distance, and the telescopic top beam part 3 rises synchronously until the front exploration beams 3-2 on both sides leave the bottom plate to a certain height;

[0164] S4-1-6, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder 3-3 is retracted and extended to the maximum stroke position, driving the front exploration beam 3-2 to rotate upward around the hinge position of the second ear seat 3-1-2-9, and the total length of the supporting bracket becomes wider;

[0165] S4-1-7, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 2-1 is retracted to the zero stroke position, the telescopic top beam component 3 is lowered to the lowest height, and the crawler walking component 1 drives the whole to move to the predetermined position in the tunnel;

[0166] S4-2. The first support bracket repeats the above steps S4-1-1 to S4-1-7, and the first support bracket is synchronously recovered and moves to the predetermined position in the tunnel.

[0167] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for supporting a crawler-type retractable temporary support bracket, characterized in that: The crawler-walking retractable temporary support bracket comprises a crawler-walking component (1), a support component (2) and a retractable top beam component (3), and is characterized in that: the crawler-walking component (1) is arranged in parallel on both sides of the front and rear of the bottom of the retractable top beam component (3), and the crawler-walking component (1) and the retractable top beam component (3) are connected via the support component (2); The crawler walking component (1) comprises a crawler assembly, a crawler frame and a first ear seat (1-1), the crawler assembly is installed below the crawler frame, and three first ear seats (1-1) are evenly distributed above the crawler frame along the length direction; The support component (2) comprises a lifting cylinder (2-1) and a guide column (2-2), the cylinder barrels of the lifting cylinders (2-1) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding first ear seats (1-1), the guide columns (2-2) are arranged above the crawler frame between adjacent lifting cylinders (2-1), the lifting cylinders (2-1) are arranged vertically upward, and the lifting cylinders (2-1) drive the telescopic top beam component (3) to move up and down along the guide columns (2-2); The telescopic top beam component (3) comprises a support beam (3-1), a front probe beam (3-2) and a support cylinder (3-3); the front probe beam (3-2) is symmetrically arranged at the front and rear sides of the support beam (3-1); the support cylinder (3-3) is arranged between the front probe beam (3-2) and the corresponding support beam (3-1); the support beam (3-1) comprises a support beam mechanism (3-1-1); support beam telescopic components (3-1-2) are symmetrically arranged below the front and rear sides of the support beam mechanism (3-1-1); the front probe beam (3-2) comprises a front probe beam mechanism (3-2-1); push brackets (3-2-2) are symmetrically arranged below the front and rear sides of the front probe beam mechanism (3-2-1); The support beam mechanism (3-1-1) comprises a first support top beam (3-1-1-1), a second support top beam (3-1-1-2), a first hinged beam (3-1-1-3), a first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4), a second pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-5) and a support sliding block (3-1-1-6); guide limiting waist-shaped grooves A are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower surface of the first support top beam (3-1-1-1); guide limiting waist-shaped grooves B are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the first support top beam (3-1-1-1); guide limiting waist-shaped grooves B are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower surface of the second support top beam (3-1-1-2); The guide limiting waist-shaped groove C is provided with a hinge hole E in the middle of the lower surface of the second support top beam (3-1-1-2); the lengths of the guide limiting waist-shaped groove B, the guide limiting waist-shaped groove A, and the guide limiting waist-shaped groove C are increased in sequence; a plurality of first support top beams (3-1-1-1) and second support top beams (3-1-1-2) are alternately arranged along the width direction of the support beam mechanism (3-1-1); the first hinged beam (3-1-1-3) is provided below the first support top beam (3-1-1-1) and the second support top beam (3-1-1-2); the first hinged beam (3-1-1-3) comprises an upper and lower layer of hinged support beam groups; The upper and lower articulated support beam groups each include a plurality of support beams, wherein the support beams in the upper articulated support beam group are parallel to each other, and the support beams in the lower articulated support beam group are parallel to each other, and the support beams in the upper articulated support beam group and the support beams in the lower articulated support beam group intersect with each other in a multi-point X-shaped manner, and articulated seats are arranged at the intersection positions where the upper and lower articulated support beam groups intersect with each other in a non-planar manner, and the articulated seats at the front and rear side edges of the upper and lower articulated support beam groups are articulated with the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4), and the lower part of the first support top beam (3-1-1-1) at the front and rear side edges is articulated with the corresponding first pin shaft assembly (3-1 -1-4) are hinged, and the lower parts of the first supporting top beams (3-1-1-1) and the second supporting top beams (3-1-1-2) in the middle are hinged with the corresponding second pin shaft assemblies (3-1-1-5); the upper ends of the first pin shaft assemblies (3-1-1-4) and the second pin shaft assemblies (3-1-1-5) are respectively provided with supporting sliders (3-1-1-6), and the supporting sliders (3-1-1-6) are respectively arranged above the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped grooves or the hinge holes E, wherein the supporting sliders (3-1-1-6) above the guide limiting waist-shaped grooves reciprocate along the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped grooves along with the corresponding pin shaft assemblies; The support beam telescopic assembly (3-1-2) comprises a first bracket (3-1-2-1), a first support shaft (3-1-2-2), a push slider (3-1-2-3), a driven slider (3-1-2-4), a fixed ear seat (3-1-2-5), a telescopic cylinder (3-1-2-6), a slider ear seat (3-1-2-7), a blocking cover (3-1-2-8), a second ear seat (3-1-2-9) and a third ear seat (3-1-2-10). The first bracket (3-1-2-1) is shown in the table below. The second ear seats (3-1-2-9) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the surface, and the third o'clock position, the six o'clock position and the nine o'clock position of the second ear seat (3-1-2-9) are correspondingly arranged with mounting holes G, mounting holes I and mounting holes H. The piston rods of the lifting cylinders (2-1) on both sides are fixedly connected with the mounting holes H of the corresponding second ear seats (3-1-2-9), and the mounting holes I are hinged with the cylinder barrel of the supporting cylinder (3-3). The third ear seat (3-1-2-10) is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the first bracket (3-1-2-1). The three-ear seat (3-1-2-10) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) located in the middle, the first support shaft (3-1-2-2) spans the first bracket (3-1-2-1), support plates are respectively installed between the middle part and the ends of the first support shaft (3-1-2-2) and the first bracket (3-1-2-1), and blocking covers (3-1-2-8) are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the support plates at the two ends at positions corresponding to the ends of the first support shaft (3-1-2-2). A push slider (3-1-2-3) and a driven slider (3-1-2-4) are sequentially arranged from the end of the first bracket (3-1-2-1) to the middle, the push slider (3-1-2-3) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4) located on the outside, the driven slider (3-1-2-4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4) located on the inside, and a slider ear seat (3-1-2-7) is installed on the side wall of the push slider (3-1-2-3);Fixed ear seats (3-1-2-5) are respectively installed on the end surfaces of both sides of the middle support plate, and the cylinder barrels of the telescopic oil cylinder (3-1-2-6) are respectively installed on the corresponding fixed ear seats (3-1-2-5). The piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder (3-1-2-6) is fixedly connected to the corresponding slider ear seat (3-1-2-7). The telescopic oil cylinder (3-1-2-6) drives the push slider (3-1-2-3) to slide along the first support shaft (3-1-2-2), and the push slider (3-1-2 -3) driving the first hinged beam (3-1-1-3) to extend or contract via the corresponding first pin assembly (3-1-1-4), the first hinged beam (3-1-1-3) drives the driven slider (3-1-2-4) to slide along the first support shaft (3-1-2-2) via the corresponding first pin assembly (3-1-1-4), and a plurality of first support top beams (3-1-1-1) and second support top beams (3-1-1-2) to extend or contract along with the first hinged beam (3-1-1-3); The front exploration beam mechanism (3-2-1) comprises a first front exploration top beam (3-2-1-1), a second front exploration top beam (3-2-1-2), a second hinged beam (3-2-1-3), a first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4), a second pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-5) and a supporting slide block (3-1-1-6); a guide limit waist-shaped groove D is provided in the middle of the first front exploration top beam (3-2-1-1); a hinge hole F is provided at one end of the first front exploration top beam (3-2-1-1) away from the supporting beam (3-1); a guide limit is also provided at one side of the middle of the second front exploration top beam (3-2-1-2) close to the outer end. The invention relates to a front exploration beam mechanism (3-2-1) having a waist-shaped groove D and a hinge hole F, and the distances between the guide limit waist-shaped groove D and the hinge hole F on the first front exploration top beam (3-2-1-1) and the second front exploration top beam (3-2-1-2) are equal, a plurality of first front exploration top beams (3-2-1-1) and second front exploration top beams (3-2-1-2) are alternately arranged along the width direction of the front exploration beam mechanism (3-2-1), the second hinged beam (3-2-1-3) is arranged below the first front exploration top beam (3-2-1-1) and the second front exploration top beam (3-2-1-2), the second hinged beam (3-2-1-3) comprises an upper and lower layer of hinged front exploration beam groups, the upper and lower layers The articulated front probe beam groups all include a plurality of front probe cross beams, wherein the front probe cross beams in the upper articulated front probe beam group are parallel to each other, the front probe cross beams in the lower articulated front probe beam group are parallel to each other, and the front probe cross beams in the upper articulated front probe beam group and the front probe cross beams in the lower articulated front probe beam group intersect with each other in a multi-point X-shaped manner, and articulated seats are arranged at the intersection positions where the upper and lower articulated front probe beam groups intersect with each other in a non-planar manner, the articulated seats at the front and rear side edges of the upper and lower articulated support beam groups are articulated with the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4), and the lower parts of the first front probe top beams (3-2-1-1) at the front and rear side edges are articulated with the corresponding first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4). 4) hinged, the lower parts of the first front exploration top beams (3-2-1-1) and the second front exploration top beams (3-2-1-2) in the middle are hinged to the corresponding second pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-5); the upper ends of the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4) and the second pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-5) are respectively provided with support sliders (3-1-1-6), and the support sliders (3-1-1-6) are respectively provided above the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped groove D or the hinge hole F, wherein the support slider (3-1-1-6) above the guide limiting waist-shaped groove D reciprocates along the corresponding guide limiting waist-shaped groove along with the corresponding pin shaft assembly; The push bracket (3-2-2) comprises a second bracket (3-2-2-1), a second support shaft (3-2-2-2), a push slider (3-1-2-3), a driven slider (3-1-2-4), a fixed ear seat (3-1-2-5), a push cylinder (3-2-2-3), a slider ear seat (3-1-2-7), a blocking cover (3-1-2-8), a fourth ear seat (3-2-2-4) and a fifth ear seat (3-2-2-5). The fourth ear seat is provided below one end of the second bracket (3-2-2-1) close to the support beam (3-1). (3-2-2-4), the fourth ear seat (3-2-2-4) is hingedly connected to the mounting hole G of the corresponding second ear seat (3-1-2-9), a fifth ear seat (3-2-2-5) is arranged below the middle of the second bracket (3-2-2-1), and the fifth ear seat (3-2-2-5) is hingedly connected to the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder (3-3); the second support shaft (3-2-2-2) spans the second bracket (3-2-2-1), and the first support plates are respectively installed between the two ends of the second support shaft (3-2-2-2) and the second bracket (3-2-2-1), and the first support plates at the two ends are respectively installed between the first support plates and the second bracket (3-2-2-1). Blocking covers (3-1-2-8) are respectively arranged on the outer wall of a support plate at positions corresponding to the end positions of the second support shaft (3-2-2-2); a second support plate is arranged on the second support shaft (3-2-2-2) and on the inner side of the first support plate close to one end of the support beam (3-1); a fixed ear seat (3-1-2-5) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the second support plate; a cylinder barrel of the push cylinder (3-2-2-3) is fixedly mounted on the fixed ear seat (3-1-2-5); a second support shaft (3-2-2-2) is located between the second support plate and the distal first support plate A driven slider (3-1-2-4) and a push slider (3-1-2-3) are sequentially arranged on the top, the push slider (3-1-2-3) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4) located on the outside, the driven slider (3-1-2-4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4) located on the inside, a slider ear seat (3-1-2-7) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the push slider (3-1-2-3), and the piston rod of the push cylinder (3-2-2-3) is fixedly connected to the slider ear seat (3-1-2-7). The push cylinder (3-2-2-3) drives the push slider (3-1-2-3) to slide along the second support shaft (3-2-2-2); the push slider (3-1-2-3) drives the second hinged beam (3-2-1-3) to extend or contract via the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4) located on the outside; the second hinged beam (3-2-1-3) drives the driven slider (3-1-2-4) to slide along the second support shaft (3-2-2-2) via the first pin shaft assembly (3-1-1-4) located on the inside; The support method of the crawler-type retractable temporary support bracket includes the following steps: (i) Initial state: the crawler-driven support bracket reaches the designated position of the working surface as a whole, at which time the telescopic top beam component (3) is in a retracted state, the overall height is at the lowest position, the supporting cylinder (3-3), the telescopic cylinder (3-1-2-6) and the push cylinder (3-2-2-3) are at the maximum stroke position, and the lifting cylinder (2-1) is at the minimum stroke position; (II) The process of the support bracket entering the working surface to support the top plate: S2-1, the first support bracket action: S2-1-1, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) rises to the middle stroke position, driving the telescopic top beam component (3) to rise to a certain height as a whole; S2-1-2, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder (3-3) is retracted to the zero stroke position, driving the front exploration beam (3-2) to rotate downward around the hinge position of the second ear seat (3-1-2-9); S2-1-3, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) is retracted to the zero stroke position, and after the telescopic top beam component (3) is lowered to the limit position as a whole, the outer edges of the front top beams (3-2) on both sides contact the bottom plate, and as the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) continues to retract, the crawler walking component (1) is lifted off the bottom plate, and the front top beams (3-2) on both sides play a supporting role; S2-1-4, the telescopic cylinder (3-1-2-6) retracts to the zero stroke position, the support beam mechanism (3-1-1) extends, driving the support beam (3-1) and the front exploration beam (3-2) to extend synchronously, at which time the width of the telescopic top beam component (3) becomes maximum, the overall height of the support bracket increases by a certain distance, driving the crawler walking component (1) to increase by a certain height synchronously, so that the distance from the bottom plate is greater; S2-1-5, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) extends to the middle stroke position, driving the crawler walking part (1) to descend until the crawler contacts the bottom plate, and as the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) continues to extend, the front exploration beam (3-2) leaves the bottom plate; S2-1-6, the piston rod of the push cylinder (3-2-2-3) is retracted to the zero stroke position, and the front beam mechanism (3-2-1) moves inward by a predetermined distance; S2-1-7, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder (3-3) is extended to the maximum stroke position, driving the front exploration beam (3-2) to rotate upward around the hinge position of the second ear seat (3-1-2-9), so that the supporting top beam and the front exploration top beam are in the same plane; S2-1-8, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) is extended to the maximum stroke position, and the telescopic top beam component (3) reaches a predetermined height to support the top plate; S2-2, the second support bracket repeats the above steps S2-1-1 to S2-1-8, and the second support bracket synchronously enters the predetermined position of the working surface to support the top plate; (III) The process of cyclic forward movement of the support bracket during the support process: S3-1, the first support bracket action: S3-1-1, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) descends, driving the telescopic top beam component (3) to descend as a whole; the crawler walking component (1) moves forward a predetermined distance; S3-1-2, the piston rod of the corresponding push cylinder (3-2-2-3) on the front exploration beam (3-2) located at the head end of the support beam (3-1) is extended to the maximum stroke position, pushing the front exploration beam mechanism (3-2-1) to move outward by a predetermined distance; S3-1-3, the piston rod of the corresponding push cylinder (3-2-2-3) on the front exploration beam (3-2) located at the rear end of the support beam (3-1) is extended to the maximum stroke position, pushing the front exploration beam mechanism (3-2-1) to move outward by a predetermined distance; S3-1-4, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) rises and returns to its original position, driving the telescopic top beam component (3) to rise and return to its original position to reach the support height; S3-2, the second support bracket repeats the above steps S3-1-1 to S3-1-4, and the second support bracket follows up synchronously to support the top plate; (IV) Process of shrinking and withdrawing the support bracket from the working surface: S4-1, the second support bracket retracts: S4-1-1, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder (3-3) is retracted to the zero stroke position, driving the front exploration beam (3-2) to rotate downward around the hinge position of the second ear seat (3-1-2-9), at which time the width of the telescopic top beam component (3) becomes minimum; S4-1-2, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) is retracted to the middle stroke position, the telescopic top beam component (3) is lowered, the outer edges of the front top beams of the front exploration beams (3-2) on both sides contact the bottom plate, and the height of the support bracket is lowered; S4-1-3, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) is retracted to the zero stroke position, the crawler walking part (1) is lifted off the bottom plate to a certain height, and the front exploration beams (3-2) on both sides play a supporting role; S4-1-4, the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder (3-1-2-6) is extended to the maximum stroke position, the support beam mechanism (3-1-1) is contracted, driving the support beam (3-1) and the front exploration beam (3-2) to contract synchronously, at which time the width of the telescopic top beam component (3) becomes minimum, the height of the support bracket is synchronously lowered, and the crawler walking component (1) is synchronously lowered a certain distance, still in a suspended state away from the bottom plate; S4-1-5, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) is extended to the middle stroke position, the crawler walking part (1) is lowered to contact the bottom plate to play a supporting role, the height of the support bracket is raised by a certain distance, and the telescopic top beam part (3) is raised synchronously until the front exploration beams (3-2) on both sides leave the bottom plate by a certain height; S4-1-6, the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder (3-3) is retracted and extended to the maximum stroke position, driving the front exploration beam (3-2) to rotate upward around the hinge position of the second ear seat (3-1-2-9), thereby lengthening the total length of the supporting bracket; S4-1-7, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (2-1) is retracted to the zero stroke position, the telescopic top beam component (3) is lowered to the lowest height, and the crawler walking component (1) drives the whole to move in the tunnel to a predetermined position; S4-2. The first support bracket repeats the above steps S4-1-1 to S4-1-7, and the first support bracket is synchronously recovered and moves to the predetermined position in the tunnel.

2. The method for supporting a crawler-type retractable temporary support bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two support brackets are arranged in sequence below the working surface. The first support bracket spans across the top of the tunnel boring machine. As the tunnel boring machine advances in coal cutting operations, the two brackets move forward alternately to support the exposed roof and two sides of the tunnel.

3. The supporting method of a crawler-type retractable temporary supporting support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first supporting top beam (3-1-1-1) and the second supporting top beam (3-1-1-2) are both square tubes.

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