A shell fixture structure and vertical machining center

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shell fixture structure and a vertical machining center, wherein the shell fixture structure comprises a first tool and a second tool; the first tool comprises a first base, a first mounting column, a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a pressure block assembly; the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly are used to press the inner wall of a shell blank; a plurality of pressure block assemblies are used to press the shell blank; the second tool comprises a second base, a second mounting column and a positioning block assembly; a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the second mounting column, the shell blank is partially inserted into the mounting holes, and the positioning block assembly is used to lock the shell blank. The large end face of the shell blank is mounted inwardly on the first tool, and the small end face of the shell blank is mounted inwardly on the second tool. Workers only need to replace two sets of tool to complete the machining of the shell blank, and multiple shell blanks can be installed on the first tool and the second tool at the same time, which can improve work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of casting machining, and in particular to a shell clamp structure and a vertical machining center. Background Art

[0002] After some castings are formed, they need to be machined, such as drilling, chamfering, etc. Figure 1 The shell blank 01 shown in the figure needs to be processed with a small end face 011, a large end face 012 and a flange 013 after forming. The current processing method is: horizontal machining is used to process the flange and the two holes on the flange, vertical machining is used to process the lower end face and the upper end face, and vertical lathe is used to process the outer diameter. Therefore, in the entire processing process, three machine tools and three processes are required, and the workers need to change three sets of tooling, and the existing tooling can only clamp one product at a time. The existing processing method is cumbersome and inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention aims to solve the technical problems of inconvenient operation, waste of time and manpower of the housing blank clamp of the vertical machining center in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0005] A housing fixture structure, comprising: the first tooling comprises a first base, a first mounting column, a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a pressing block assembly; wherein the first base is connected to a vertical processing table, and the first mounting column is arranged on the first base; a plurality of the rear inner support assemblies are arranged around the first mounting column, the front inner support assembly is connected to the rear inner support assembly, and the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly are used to press against the inner wall of a housing blank; a plurality of the pressing block assemblies are arranged around the rear inner support assembly, and are used to press against the housing blank;

[0006] The second tooling includes a second base, a second mounting column and a positioning block assembly; wherein, the second base is connected to the vertical processing table, the second mounting column is arranged on the second base, and the second mounting column is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the diameter of the mounting holes matches the outer diameter of the shell blank; the positioning block assembly is used to lock the shell blank and the second mounting column.

[0007] The housing fixture structure of the present invention comprises a first tool and a second tool. When the housing blank is installed on the first tool, its large end faces inward and its small end faces outward. The front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly cooperate with the housing blank to complete centering and positioning, and the pressing block assembly can press the housing blank tightly. When the housing blank is installed on the second tool, its large end faces outward and its small end faces inward, and the positioning block assembly can center and lock the housing blank. Workers only need to replace two sets of tool to complete the machining of the housing blank, and multiple housing blanks can be installed on the first tool and the second tool at the same time, which can improve work efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, four first mounting surfaces are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the first mounting column, and each of the first mounting surfaces is provided with a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a plurality of pressing block assemblies.

[0009] Furthermore, four second mounting surfaces are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the first mounting column, and each of the first mounting surfaces is provided with at least one mounting hole; and the shell blanks mounted on two adjacent second mounting surfaces are staggered up and down.

[0010] Further, the front inner support assembly includes an inner support seat, an upper compression spring, an inner support plate, and a compression screw;

[0011] The inner support seat comprises an inner support bottom plate and an inner support vertical plate vertically arranged on the inner support bottom plate;

[0012] The middle part of the inner support plate is hinged to the inner support vertical plate, the inner end of the inner support plate abuts against the lower edge of the nut of the pressing screw, and the outer end of the inner support plate abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank;

[0013] The compression screw is threadedly connected to the inner support bottom plate;

[0014] The upper compression spring is sleeved outside the compression screw, and two ends of the upper compression spring are respectively against the inner support plate and the inner support bottom plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer end portion of the inner support plate is bent backward, and the end surface of the outer end portion is a curved surface.

[0016] Further, the rear inner support assembly includes a base plate, a driving device, a top block, and an inner support block;

[0017] The base plate connects the first mounting column and the driving device;

[0018] The top block is connected to the driving device, and the outer peripheral surface of the top block is provided with a first conical surface;

[0019] A plurality of inner support blocks are arranged around the top block, and the inner end of the inner support block is provided with a second conical surface; the outer end of the inner support block is used to press against the inner wall of the shell blank;

[0020] The top block moves forward under the drive of the driving device, and pushes the inner support block outward through the cooperation of the second conical surface and the first conical surface.

[0021] Further, the rear inner support assembly also includes a core plate, a core shaft pressure plate and a lower compression spring;

[0022] The core plate is hollow inside, the top block is arranged inside the core plate, and the inner support block passes through the core plate and abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank;

[0023] The compression spring is arranged between the top block and the mandrel pressure plate;

[0024] The core shaft pressing plate is connected to the front inner support assembly.

[0025] Further, the driving device includes a force rod, a torsion rod and a push block;

[0026] The force rod is matched with the threaded hole on the base plate, and the lower end of the force rod is connected to the push block;

[0027] The torsion bar is vertically connected to the force-adding rod;

[0028] The push block has a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface matches the second inclined surface at the lower end of the top block;

[0029] The torsion bar drives the force rod to spirally advance downward under the action of external force, so that the push block moves downward, and the top block is pushed forward under the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0030] Further, the positioning block assembly includes a positioning block mandrel, a compression nut and an inner support bolt;

[0031] The positioning block core shaft passes through a positioning hole on the flange of the shell blank, the interior of the positioning block core shaft is hollow, and the inner circumference has a third conical surface;

[0032] The compression nut is matched with the thread of the positioning block core shaft;

[0033] The inner support bolt passes through the positioning block core shaft, and the end is threadedly connected to the second base; the outer peripheral surface of the inner support bolt has a fourth conical surface; under the action of external force, the inner support bolt moves toward the inside of the second base, and the positioning block core shaft expands outward under the cooperation of the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

[0034] The present invention also provides a vertical machining center, which includes the above-mentioned shell fixture structure; the vertical machining center also includes a vertical machining table, and the first tooling and the second tooling of the shell fixture structure are both fixed on the vertical machining table.

[0035] For better understanding and implementation, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a shell blank in the background technology;

[0037] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of a first tool of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a second tool of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first tool of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second tool of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0043] Among them, 01, shell blank, 011, small end face, 012, large end face, 013, flange, 1, first tooling, 2, second tooling, 3, vertical processing table, 11, first base, 12, first mounting column, 13, front inner support assembly, 14, rear inner support assembly, 15, pressure block assembly, 16, correction block, 21, second base, 22, second mounting column, 23, positioning block assembly, 131, inner support seat, 132, upper compression spring, 13 3. Inner support plate, 134. Compression screw, 135. Axle pin, 141. Base plate, 142. Driving device, 143. Top block, 144. Inner support block, 145. Core plate, 146. Core shaft pressure plate, 147. Lower compression spring, 221. Mounting hole, 222. Second mounting surface, 231. Positioning block core shaft, 232. Compression nut, 233. Inner support bolt, 1421. Force rod, 1422. Torsion rod, 1423. Push block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to better illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the housing fixture structure of the present invention comprises: the first tooling 1 comprises a first base 11, a first mounting column 12, a front inner support assembly 13, a rear inner support assembly 14 and a pressing block assembly 15; wherein, the first base 11 is connected to the vertical processing table 3, and the first mounting column 12 is arranged on the first base 11; a plurality of the rear inner support assemblies 14 are arranged around the first mounting column 12, the front inner support assembly 13 is connected to the rear inner support assembly 14, and the front inner support assembly 13 and the rear inner support assembly 14 are used to press the inner wall of the housing blank 01; a plurality of the pressing block assemblies 15 are arranged around the rear inner support assembly 14, and are used to press the housing blank 01;

[0046] The second tooling 2 includes a second base 21, a second mounting column 22 and a positioning block assembly 23; wherein, the second base 21 is connected to the vertical processing table 3, the second mounting column 22 is arranged on the second base 21, and the second mounting column 22 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 221, and the diameter of the mounting hole 221 matches the outer diameter of the shell blank 01; the positioning block assembly 23 is used to lock the shell blank 01 and the second mounting column 22.

[0047] The first tool 1 is also provided with two correction blocks 16, which are symmetrically arranged about the rear inner support assembly and are used to preliminarily align the shell blank. The pressing block assembly 15 includes a pressing block and bolts and nuts for adjusting the height of the pressing block, and the pressing block is used to press the convex edge of the large end surface of the shell blank.

[0048] The housing fixture structure of the present invention comprises a first tool 1 and a second tool 2. When the housing blank 01 is installed on the first tool 1, its large end face 012 faces inwards and its small end face 011 faces outwards. The front inner support assembly 13 and the rear inner support assembly 14 cooperate with the housing blank 01 to complete the centering and positioning. The front inner support assembly 15 can press the housing blank 01 tightly. When the housing blank 01 is installed on the second tool 2, its large end face 012 faces outwards and its small end face 011 faces inwards. The positioning block assembly 23 can center and lock the housing blank 01. Workers only need to replace two sets of tooling to complete the machining of the housing blank 01, and multiple housing blanks 01 can be installed on the first tool 1 and the second tool 2 at the same time, which can improve work efficiency.

[0049] Four first mounting surfaces (not shown in the figure) are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the first mounting column 12 , and each of the first mounting surfaces is provided with a front inner support assembly 13 , a rear inner support assembly 14 and a plurality of front inner support assemblies 15 .

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first mounting column 12 is in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid as a whole, and the four inclined surfaces of the first mounting column 12 form the first mounting surface. The first tool 1 of this embodiment can simultaneously mount four shell blanks 01. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the shape of the first mounting column 12, and it can be designed into other shapes according to the specific size of the workpiece, such as a triangular pyramid, a pentagonal pyramid, etc.

[0051] The outer circumference of the second mounting column 22 is evenly distributed with four second mounting surfaces 222, and each of the second mounting surfaces is provided with at least one mounting hole 221; the shell blanks 01 installed on two adjacent second mounting surfaces 222 are staggered up and down. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second mounting column 22 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, and the four outer surfaces of the second mounting column 22 form the second mounting surface 222. In this embodiment, each second mounting surface 222 is provided with two upper and lower mounting holes 221. When the shell blank 01 is installed, each second mounting surface 222 is installed with a shell blank 01, and the shell blanks 01 on the two adjacent second mounting surfaces 222 are staggered up and down to avoid interference during processing. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the shape of the second mounting column 22, and it can be designed into other shapes according to the specific size of the workpiece, such as a triangular prism, a pentagonal prism, etc., and the number of mounting holes 221 on the second mounting surface 222 can also be designed according to the needs.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the front inner support assembly 13 includes an inner support seat 131, an upper compression spring 132, an inner support plate 133, and a pressing screw 134;

[0053] The inner support seat 131 includes an inner support bottom plate and an inner support vertical plate vertically arranged on the inner support bottom plate;

[0054] The middle part of the inner support plate 133 is hinged with the inner support vertical plate. Specifically, a plurality of inner support vertical plates are arranged on the inner support bottom plate, and an axle pin 135 is arranged between two adjacent inner support vertical plates. The axle pin 135 is passed through the middle part of the inner support plate 133. The inner end of the inner support plate 133 abuts against the lower edge of the nut of the pressing screw 134, and the outer end of the inner support plate 133 abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank 01;

[0055] The clamping screw is threadedly connected to the inner support bottom plate; the upper compression spring 132 is sleeved outside the clamping screw 134, and the two ends of the upper compression spring 132 are respectively against the inner support plate 133 and the inner support bottom plate.

[0056] The outer end of the inner support plate 133 is bent backward, and the end surface of the outer end is an arc surface. When the outer end of the inner support plate 133 is bent backward, when the inner support plate 133 rotates around the shaft pin 135, the outer end of the inner support plate 133 is closer and closer to the inner wall of the shell blank 01, playing a role of tightening. The outer end surface of the inner support plate 133 is set as an arc surface, which can avoid hanging on the inner wall of the shell blank 01.

[0057] The compression screw is tightened backwards under the action of external force, the inner end of the inner support plate 133 is pressed, and the outer end of the inner support plate 133 is tilted and pressed against the inner wall of the shell blank 01, achieving the effect of centering and positioning.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, the rear inner support assembly 14 includes a base plate 141, a driving device 142, a top block 143, and an inner support block 144; the base plate 141 connects the first mounting column 12 and the driving device 142; the top block 143 connects the driving device 142, and the outer peripheral surface of the top block 143 is provided with a first conical surface; a plurality of the inner support blocks 144 are arranged around the top block 143, and specifically, in this embodiment, four inner push blocks 1423 are arranged around the top block 143. The inner end of the inner support block 144 is provided with a second conical surface; the outer end of the inner support block 144 is used to press against the inner wall of the shell blank 01; the top block 143 moves forward under the drive of the driving device 142, and pushes the inner support block 144 outward through the cooperation of the second conical surface and the first conical surface.

[0059] like Figure 5 The rear inner support assembly 14 further includes a core plate 145, a mandrel pressure plate 146 and a lower compression spring 147; the core plate 145 is hollow inside, the top block 143 is arranged inside the core plate 145, and the inner support block 144 passes through the core plate 145 and abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank 01. The compression spring is arranged between the top block 143 and the mandrel pressure plate 146; the mandrel pressure plate 146 is connected to the front inner support assembly 13. The core plate 145 and the mandrel pressure plate 146 are locked by bolts.

[0060] like Figure 4As shown, the driving device 142 includes a force rod 1421, a torsion rod 1422 and a push block 1423; the force rod 1421 cooperates with the threaded hole on the base plate 141, and the lower end of the force rod 1421 is connected to the push block 1423; the torsion rod 1422 is vertically connected to the force rod 1421; the push block 1423 has a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface cooperates with the second inclined surface at the lower end of the top block 143; the torsion rod 1422 drives the force rod 1421 to spirally advance downward under the action of external force, so that the push block 1423 moves downward, and pushes the top block 143 forward under the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0061] The external force may be a worker's thrust, and the worker pushes the torsion bar 1422 to drive the force rod 1421 to rotate. Since the force rod 1421 cooperates with the threaded hole on the base plate 141, the force rod 1421 moves downward, pushing the push block 1423 connected thereto to also move downward. Through the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface, the top block 143 moves forward; through the cooperation of the first conical surface and the second conical surface, the inner push block 1423 moves outward to abut against the inner wall of the shell blank 01, thereby playing a centering role.

[0062] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the positioning block assembly 23 includes a positioning block core shaft 231, a clamping nut 232 and an inner support bolt 233; the positioning block core shaft 231 passes through a positioning hole on the flange 013 of the shell blank 01, is hollow inside, and has a third conical surface on the inner circumference; the clamping nut 232 cooperates with the thread of the positioning block core shaft 231; the inner support bolt 233 passes through the positioning block core shaft 231, and the end is threadedly connected to the second base 21; the outer circumference of the inner support bolt 233 has a fourth conical surface; under the action of external force, the inner support bolt 233 moves toward the inner side of the second base 21, and the positioning block core shaft 231 expands outward under the cooperation of the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

[0063] It should be noted that, in the non-assembled state, the positioning block core shaft 231 and the positioning hole on the flange 013 have a clearance fit; when the positioning block core shaft 231 has completed expansion, the positioning block core shaft 231 and the positioning hole on the flange 013 have an interference fit.

[0064] The present invention also provides a vertical machining center, which includes the above-mentioned shell fixture structure; the vertical machining center also includes a vertical machining table 3, and the first tooling 1 and the second tooling 2 of the shell fixture structure are both fixed on the vertical machining table 3.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "vertical", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection content of the present invention.

[0066] If the words "first", "second", etc. are used in this document to limit components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. Unless otherwise stated, the words have no special meaning.

[0067] The present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. If various changes or modifications to the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and if these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and equivalent technologies of the present invention, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A housing clamp structure, characterized in that: including a first tooling and a second tooling; The first tooling comprises a first base, a first mounting column, a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a pressing block assembly; wherein the first base is connected to the vertical processing table, the first mounting column is arranged on the first base; a plurality of the rear inner support assemblies are arranged around the first mounting column, the front inner support assembly is connected to the rear inner support assembly, the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly are used to press against the inner wall of the shell blank; a plurality of the pressing block assemblies are arranged around the rear inner support assembly, and are used to press the shell blank; The second tooling includes a second base, a second mounting column and a positioning block assembly; wherein the second base is connected to the vertical processing table, the second mounting column is arranged on the second base, and the second mounting column is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, the diameter of the mounting holes matches the outer diameter of the shell blank; the positioning block assembly is used to lock the shell blank and the second mounting column; The front inner support assembly includes an inner support seat, an upper compression spring, an inner support plate, and a compression screw; The inner support seat comprises an inner support bottom plate and an inner support vertical plate vertically arranged on the inner support bottom plate; The middle part of the inner support plate is hinged to the inner support vertical plate, the inner end of the inner support plate abuts against the lower edge of the nut of the pressing screw, and the outer end of the inner support plate abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank; The compression screw is threadedly connected to the inner support bottom plate; The upper compression spring is sleeved outside the compression screw, and the two ends of the upper compression spring are respectively against the inner support plate and the inner support bottom plate; The rear inner support assembly comprises a base plate, a driving device, a top block, and an inner support block; The base plate connects the first mounting column and the driving device; The top block is connected to the driving device, and the outer peripheral surface of the top block is provided with a first conical surface; A plurality of inner support blocks are arranged around the top block, and the inner end of the inner support block is provided with a second conical surface; the outer end of the inner support block is used to press against the inner wall of the shell blank; The top block moves forward under the drive of the driving device, and pushes the inner support block outward through the cooperation of the second conical surface and the first conical surface; The positioning block assembly includes a positioning block spindle, a compression nut and an inner support bolt; The positioning block core shaft passes through a positioning hole on the flange of the shell blank, the interior of the positioning block core shaft is hollow, and the inner circumference has a third conical surface; The compression nut is matched with the thread of the positioning block core shaft; The inner support bolt passes through the positioning block core shaft, and the end is threadedly connected to the second base; the outer peripheral surface of the inner support bolt has a fourth conical surface; under the action of external force, the inner support bolt moves toward the inside of the second base, and the positioning block core shaft expands outward under the cooperation of the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

2. The housing clamp structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four first mounting surfaces are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the first mounting column, and each of the first mounting surfaces is provided with a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a plurality of pressing block assemblies.

3. The housing clamp structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the second mounting column is evenly distributed with four second mounting surfaces, each of which is provided with at least one mounting hole; the shell blanks mounted on two adjacent second mounting surfaces are staggered up and down.

4. The housing clamp structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end portion of the inner support plate is bent backward, and the end surface of the outer end portion is a curved surface.

5. The housing clamp structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear inner support assembly also includes a core plate, a core shaft pressure plate and a lower compression spring; The core plate is hollow inside, the top block is arranged inside the core plate, and the inner support block passes through the core plate and abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank; The compression spring is arranged between the top block and the mandrel pressure plate; The core shaft pressing plate is connected to the front inner support assembly.

6. The housing clamp structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device comprises a force rod, a torsion rod and a push block; The force rod is matched with the threaded hole on the base plate, and the lower end of the force rod is connected to the push block; The torsion bar is vertically connected to the force-adding rod; The push block has a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface matches the second inclined surface at the lower end of the top block; The torsion bar drives the force rod to spirally advance downward under the action of external force, so that the push block moves downward, and the top block is pushed forward under the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

7. A vertical machining center, characterized in that: It comprises the shell fixture structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; the vertical machining center also comprises a vertical machining table, and the first tooling and the second tooling of the shell fixture structure are both fixed on the vertical machining table.

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