A household chestnut shelling machine

Abstract

A household chestnut shelling machine designed by the present invention mainly includes a driving device, a heating device, a feeding device, and a shelling device. The driving device (1) provides power for the equipment and includes a motor base (101), a motor (102), and a coupling (103); the heating device (2) heats the unshelled chestnuts and includes a heating upper shell (201), a heating lower shell (202), and a microwave device (203); the feeding device (3) cuts the chestnuts and conveys the chestnuts, and includes a feeding hopper (301), a conveying screw (302), a feeding sleeve (303), a blade (304), and a feeding hopper (305); the shelling device (4) realizes chestnut shelling and the separation of chestnut meat and chestnut shells, and includes a shelling screw (401), a shelling sleeve (402), a sleeve rear cover (403), a sleeve support (404), and a sleeve front cover (405). The household chestnut shelling machine designed by the present invention is simple to operate and convenient to use, has high efficiency and good shelling effect, and is beneficial to the promotion of chestnut consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of food processing, and particularly relates to a household chestnut shelling machine. Background Art

[0002] China is the world's largest chestnut producer and exporter of chestnut raw materials, but the deep processing of chestnuts is very backward. With the continuous improvement of people's consumption demands, the deep processing of chestnuts has gradually begun to be taken seriously at home and abroad. One of the important processes in chestnut deep processing is chestnut shelling. The outer shell of chestnuts is different from that of hard-shelled dried fruits such as peanuts, melon seeds, pine nuts, and walnuts. The outer hard shell has no joint seam, and the inner red skin (astringent skin) is soft, thin, and tightly attached to the chestnut kernel, making it difficult to peel off. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have done some research work on the mechanism and equipment for chestnut shelling. There have emerged shelling methods such as manual method, burning method, biochemical method, mechanical method, vacuum method, gas jet impact method, and energy method, and some chestnut shelling machines have also emerged.

[0003] Most of the chestnut shelling machines on the market are large-scale equipment for batch production, and there are few shelling machines for household use. In daily life, people mostly still use manual shelling or auxiliary tools such as mechanical pliers. A household chestnut shelling machine designed by the present invention can avoid the cumbersome procedures in manual shelling. The shelling machine is simple to operate and convenient to use, has high efficiency and good shelling effect, and is conducive to the promotion of chestnut consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to design a household chestnut shelling machine. The present invention is simple to operate and convenient to use, and can improve the shelling efficiency and shelling effect of chestnuts for household use. To achieve the above object, a household chestnut shelling machine designed by the present invention mainly includes a driving device, a heating device, a feeding device, and a shelling device; the driving device (1) provides power for the equipment, including a motor base (101), a motor (102), and a coupling (103); the heating device (2) heats the unshelled chestnuts, including a heating upper shell (201), a heating lower shell (202), and a microwave device (203); the feeding device (3) conveys chestnuts and makes incisions in the chestnuts, including a feeding hopper (301), a conveying screw (302), a feeding sleeve (303), a blade (304), and a feeding hopper cover (305); the shelling device (4) realizes chestnut shelling and the separation of chestnut meat and chestnut shells, including a shelling screw (401), a shelling sleeve (402), a sleeve rear cover (403), a sleeve support (404), and a sleeve front cover (405).

[0005] The motor (102) is a 60w single-phase asynchronous AC motor, the rotational speed of the motor (102) is 20 r / min, and the motor (102) is installed on the motor base (101); the output shaft of the motor (102) is connected to the conveying screw (302) through the coupling (103).

[0006] The microwave device (203) has a power of 800 w and includes a magnetron, a transformer, a waveguide, and a stirrer. The microwave device (203) is installed on the heating upper shell (201) and the heating lower shell (202); the heating upper shell (201) is installed on the feed hopper (301) by bolts, the heating lower shell (202) is installed on the material conveying sleeve (303) by bolts, and the heating upper shell (201) and the heating lower shell (202) are connected by bolts.

[0007] The feed hopper (301) is installed on the material conveying sleeve (303). The rear side of the feed hopper (301) is an inclined plane with an inclination angle of 60 o degrees. The feed hopper cover (305) is installed on the feed hopper (301); the conveying screw (302) has a spiral diameter of 120 mm, a helix angle of 15 o degrees, a pitch of 30 mm, 5 turns of the helix, a helix groove depth of 50 mm, and a helix surface thickness of 1 mm; there are two rows of blades (304) on the inner side of the first turn and the outer side of the second turn of the conveying screw (302) that are in the same direction as the helix surface. Each row has 5 blades (304) with a spacing of 30 mm. The distance from the first row of blades (304) to the bottom of the helix groove is 16 mm, and the distance from the second row of blades (304) to the bottom of the helix groove is 32 mm. The distance between the first blade of the first row and the first blade of the second row is 20 mm; the blade (304) has a length, width, and height of 2 mm, 1 mm, and 2 mm respectively; one end of the conveying screw (302) is connected to the shelling screw (401) through a profile connection; the material conveying sleeve (303) is connected to the sleeve front cover (405) by bolts.

[0008] The lower part of the shelling sleeve (402) is provided with a plurality of grids with a side length of 15 mm; one end of the shelling sleeve (402) is connected to the sleeve rear cover (403) by a set screw; the shelling screw (401) is a variable pitch screw with a spiral diameter of 120 mm, a helix angle of 15 o degrees, an initial pitch of 29 mm, the pitch decreasing by 1 mm in sequence, 10 turns of the helix, a helix groove depth of 50 mm, and a helix surface thickness of 1 mm; one end of the shelling screw (401) is installed on the sleeve rear cover (403), and the sleeve rear cover (403) is supported by the sleeve bracket (404).

[0009] A household chestnut shelling machine designed by the present invention can avoid the cumbersome procedures during manual shelling, is simple to operate and convenient to use, has a high shelling efficiency and good shelling effect, does not damage the chestnut kernel and affect the edible effect of the chestnut, and is applicable to the situation of household or small-batch chestnut shelling. Description of the Drawings

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure.

[0011] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heating device.

[0013] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding device.

[0014] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a shelling device.

[0015] Figure 6 It is a comparison diagram of the heating and shelling effects. Specific implementation manners

[0016] The common chestnut sizes and chestnut kernel sizes on the market are as shown in the following table. The chestnut sizes are mainly (26 - 29) mm × (17 - 22) mm × (20 - 23) mm, and the average chestnut size is 27.4 mm × 19.2 mm × 21.9 mm; the chestnut kernel sizes are mainly (23 - 26) mm × (15 - 19) mm × (17 - 21) mm, and the average chestnut kernel size is 24.8 mm × 16.2 mm × 19.1 mm; the chestnut size is about 3 mm larger than the chestnut kernel size.

[0017] Table 1 Chestnut and Chestnut Kernel Sizes

[0018]

[0019] Start the motor (102), turn on the microwave device (203), put about 250 g of chestnuts into the feed hopper (301), and install the feed hopper cover (305) on the feed hopper (301).

[0020] The chestnuts descend along the inclined plane of the feed hopper (301) by gravity and enter the spiral groove of the conveying screw (302) of the feeding device (3). Two layers of chestnuts can be placed in the spiral groove. After the chestnuts fall into the spiral groove, they move forward with the rotation of the conveying screw (302). At the same time, the blades (304) on the conveying screw (302) make small incisions in the chestnuts. Since there are two rows of blades (304) on the inner side of the first turn and the outer side of the second turn of the conveying screw (302), and the first row of blades and the second row of blades are staggeredly arranged, during the forward movement of the chestnuts, the inner-side blades (304) of the first turn can make incisions in the chestnuts close to the first turn, and the outer-side blades (304) of the second turn can make incisions in the chestnuts close to the second turn. The first row of blades (304) on the inner side of the first turn or the outer side of the second turn can make small incisions in the chestnuts close to the bottom of the groove, and the second row of blades (304) on the inner side of the first turn or the outer side of the second turn can make small incisions in the chestnuts close to the top of the groove. In addition, the chestnut size is about 3 mm larger than the chestnut kernel size, and the blade height is 2 mm. Therefore, during the incision process, the blades will not cut deeply into the chestnut kernels.

[0021] While the chestnuts are being moved forward, the microwave device (203) heats and dries the chestnuts. After heating and drying, the red skins and the chestnut shells of the chestnuts are separated from the chestnut kernels together. After heating and drying, the chestnut shells become brittle. As Figure 6 shown, the effect of shelling chestnuts is better when microwaved for about 15 s. The motor speed is 20 r / min, and the screw rotates 5 turns. The chestnuts are heated in the conveying screw for just about 15 s. During the movement of the chestnuts, they are subjected to a certain squeezing and shearing action of the conveying screw (302), and the chestnut shells are initially squeezed and cracked.

[0022] After the chestnuts pass through the feeding device (3) under the action of the conveying screw (302), they enter the shelling screw (401) located in the shelling device (4) and connected to the conveying screw (302). The shelling screw (401) has a variable pitch spiral structure with a gradually decreasing pitch. The chestnuts move forward under the spiral action of the shelling screw (401); at the same time, the squeezing force received by the chestnuts also gradually increases. Under the action of the squeezing force and the shearing force, the heated and dried chestnut shells and red skins are squeezed into fragments. Since the pitch gradually decreases, the chestnuts will not be suddenly subjected to a large force to crush the chestnut kernels; in addition, the size of the chestnut kernels is mainly (23 - 26) mm × (15 - 19) mm × (17 - 21) mm, the minimum pitch of the shelling screw (401) is 20 mm, and the groove depth is 50 mm. Therefore, the chestnut kernels will not be crushed either.

[0023] The crushed chestnut shell and red skin fragments fall to the lower half of the shelling sleeve (402) and fall below the shelling machine through the grid on the shelling sleeve (402), realizing the separation of the chestnut shells and the chestnut kernels; since the side length of the grid is 15 mm, which is smaller than the size of the chestnuts, the chestnuts will not fall through the grid. The shelled chestnut kernels are conveyed by the shelling screw (401) and fall to the side of the shelling machine through the sleeve rear cover (403).

[0024] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications or improvements to it based on the present invention; therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A household chestnut shelling machine, characterized in that, it mainly consists of a driving device (1), a heating device (2), a feeding device (3), and a shelling device (4); the driving device (1) provides power for the equipment, including a motor base (101), a motor (102), and a coupling (103). The motor (102) is a 60w single-phase asynchronous AC motor with a speed of 20r / min and is installed on the motor base (101); the heating device (2) heats the unshelled chestnuts, including a heating upper shell (201), a heating lower shell (202), and a microwave device (203). The power of the microwave device (203) is 800w and includes a magnetron, a transformer, a waveguide, and a stirrer. The microwave device (203) is installed on the heating upper shell (201) and the heating lower shell (202), and the heating upper shell (201) and the heating lower shell (202) are connected by bolts; the feeding device (3) cuts the chestnuts and conveys them, including a feeding hopper (301), a conveying screw (302), a feeding sleeve (303), a blade (304), and a feeding hopper cover (305). The output shaft of the motor (102) is connected to the conveying screw (302) through the coupling (103). The heating upper shell (201) is installed on the feeding hopper (301) by bolts, and the heating lower shell (202) is installed on the feeding sleeve (303) by bolts; the shelling device (4) realizes chestnut shelling and the separation of chestnut meat and chestnut shells, including a shelling screw (401), a shelling sleeve (402), a sleeve rear cover (403), a sleeve support (404), and a sleeve front cover (405).

2. The household chestnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the feeding hopper (301) is installed on the feeding sleeve (303). The rear side of the feeding hopper (301) is an inclined plane with an inclination angle of 60°. The feeding hopper cover (305) is installed on the feeding hopper (301); the conveying screw (302) has a spiral diameter of 120mm, a spiral lead angle of 15°, a pitch of 30mm, 5 turns of spiral coils, a spiral groove depth of 50mm, and a spiral surface thickness of 1mm; there are two rows of blades (304) on the inner side of the first turn and the outer side of the second turn of the conveying screw (302) that are consistent with the direction of the spiral surface. Each row has 5 blades (304) with a spacing of 30mm. The distance from the first row of blades (304) to the bottom of the spiral groove is 16mm, and the distance from the second row of blades (304) to the bottom of the spiral groove is 32mm. The first row of blades (304) and the second row of blades (304) are staggeredly arranged, and the distance between the first blade in the first row and the first blade in the second row is 20mm; the blade (304) has a length, width, and height of 2mm, 1mm, and 2mm respectively; one end of the conveying screw (302) is connected to the shelling screw (401) through a profile connection; the feeding sleeve (303) is connected to the sleeve front cover (405) by bolts.

3. The household chestnut shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the shelling sleeve (402) is provided with a plurality of grids with a side length of 15 mm. One end of the shelling sleeve (402) is connected to the sleeve rear cover (403) by a set screw; the shelling screw (401) is a variable pitch screw with a spiral diameter of 120 mm, a spiral lead angle of 15°, an initial pitch of 29 mm, the pitch decreasing by 1 mm in sequence, 10 spiral turns, a spiral groove depth of 50 mm, and a spiral surface thickness of 1 mm; one end of the shelling screw (401) is installed on the sleeve rear cover (403), and the sleeve rear cover (403) is supported by the sleeve bracket (404).

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