Energy supply system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for supplying electrical energy (10), wherein a heat storage device (2) is charged with thermal energy (3) at a charging station (1), and the thermal energy (3) is converted into electrical energy (10) at a conversion station (5). Furthermore, the invention relates to an energy supply system for supplying electrical energy (10), in particular according to the aforementioned method, wherein the energy supply system has at least one heat storage device (2), and wherein the energy supply system has a charging station (1) for charging the heat storage device (2) with thermal energy (3). The energy supply system has a conversion station (5) for converting the thermal energy (3) stored in the heat storage device (2) into electrical energy (10), wherein the system has an energy generation device for generating electrical energy (10), and wherein the system is designed to convert the electrical energy (10) generated by the energy generation device into thermal energy (3) and to store it in the heat storage device (2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for supplying electrical energy and to a system for supplying electrical energy, in particular to the method according to the invention. Background Art

[0002] Methods and systems of the type described are used to provide electrical energy at a specific location and / or at a specific time. In areas with developed civilizations, the supply of electrical energy is basically not a problem. In industrialized countries in particular, the power supply network is widely distributed. These power supply networks are usually able to ensure comprehensive coverage of the supply. However, there is often a need to provide transmission of electrical energy at a specific location independently of the existing network. For example, due to the construction of a new network, it may be uneconomical to provide electrical energy in places where the existing network is not well developed.

[0003] Furthermore, renewable energy sources, rising raw material prices and the increased demand for climate protection place increasingly stringent constraints on the local provision of electrical energy as well as on the resilience and reliability of the networks.

[0004] One aspect in this context is electromobility. In the future, electric vehicles will require a fairly dense network of charging stations. This will also have to cover remote areas and / or areas that are not or insufficiently supplied by the current power grid. Since electric vehicles have a limited range compared to internal combustion engines, the network of charging stations must be correspondingly dense.

[0005] Another aspect is the increasing use of renewable energy sources, which can only generate electrical energy under suitable environmental conditions. This includes, for example, wind and solar energy. Depending on their current energy generation capacity and the current energy requirements of the consumers supplied, additional electrical energy must be provided or dissipated via the supply network over long distances.

[0006] Furthermore, there is an increasing desire to use any form of generated and / or produced energy. On the one hand, the poor storability of electrical energy and, on the other hand, the lack of a network for other energy forms comparable to the electrical energy supply network severely restrict the desire to achieve widespread utilization of energy sources. For example, although district heating networks for the delivery of thermal energy are known, the operation of such networks is only sensible if a relatively small area can be supplied with a large number of users from a correspondingly high-power source. In this case, thermal energy is usually used only for heating purposes, so that only a limited and usually only seasonally fluctuating utility is achieved, especially during heating periods.

[0007] For example, patent specification DD252664A1 discloses a heat supply system in which thermal energy can be delivered to dispersed users via a mobile thermal storage device filled with a corresponding thermal energy storage medium. To this end, the thermal energy storage device is charged with unused thermal energy, such as thermal energy generated during energy processing, and then delivered to the user, where the thermal energy storage device discharges energy. However, it is only a system for supplying thermal energy, not a system for supplying electrical energy.

[0008] FR25112110A1 relates to a power plant with a multi-stage turbine arrangement. Here, waste heat from individual turbine stages is temporarily stored and utilized in other turbine stages as required. Although this makes conventional power plants with multi-stage turbine arrangements more efficient, the utilization of waste heat can only take place where it is generated.

[0009] CN206195367A and CN106026296A disclose mobile gas storage units that can be transported by trucks. The gas can be burned and converted into electrical energy by a generator. The electrical energy can be temporarily stored in batteries. The heat generated can be used in a thermal energy storage device to produce hot water. Although such a system achieves a decentralized supply of electrical energy, the use of waste heat to produce hot water is only a small energy added value compared to using traditional mobile power generation equipment. Basically, this is just a mobile cogeneration device.

[0010] JP2013134033A discloses a system capable of utilizing waste heat from an electric vehicle charging station. Here, the waste heat generated when charging vehicles at the charging station is either directly used for heating buildings and / or hot water supply, or temporarily stored in a heat storage device. However, this system only supplies thermal energy; the supply of electrical energy must be provided in other ways.

[0011] JP03253278A discloses a method which first uses waste heat to generate a magnetic field and in a subsequent step generates electrical energy. However, it does not disclose a decentralized supply of electrical energy. Summary of the invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is therefore to disclose a method and a system for providing electrical energy which, on the one hand, has a high degree of flexibility with regard to the location and / or time of supply of the electrical energy and, on the other hand, has a high degree of efficiency with regard to consumption of primary energy and climate impact.

[0013] This object is achieved by a method for supplying electrical energy and an energy supply system for supplying electrical energy having the features of the independent claims. Features of the dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.

[0014] According to the method of the present invention, the heat storage device is charged with thermal energy at a charging station. The thermal energy is converted into electrical energy at a conversion station. In particular, according to the method of the present invention, the heat storage device is charged with thermal energy at a charging station at a first location. The heat storage device charged with thermal energy is transported to a second location different from the first location. At the second location, the thermal energy is converted into electrical energy at a conversion station.

[0015] The method according to the invention achieves two objectives in particular: On the one hand, the thermal energy charged into the heat storage device at the first location can be utilized. Secondly, electrical energy can be provided at the second location independently of the existing supply network.

[0016] The energy supply system for supplying electrical energy is used in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention. The energy supply system comprises a charging station for charging a thermal storage device with thermal energy. The energy supply system further comprises at least one transportable thermal storage device. The energy supply system according to the invention further comprises a conversion station for converting thermal energy stored in the thermal storage device into electrical energy. The system comprises an energy generation device for generating electrical energy, which is designed to convert the electrical energy generated by the energy generation device into thermal energy and store it in the thermal storage device. Such a system can now be used to decouple the consumption of electrical energy generated by the energy generation device in time by temporarily storing the electrical energy in the thermal storage device. In particular, when the energy supply system is connected to an electrical energy supply network, the energy stored in the thermal storage device can be used to provide power control, in particular to provide secondary power control.

[0017] The energy generation device may be an energy generation device for generating electrical energy from renewable energy sources. In particular, it may be a wind power plant.

[0018] The charging station can be located at a first location, in particular at which the energy generation device is also located. The conversion station can likewise be located at the first location and / or at a second location different from the first location. In the first case, a fixed heat storage device can also be used instead of a transportable heat storage device. In this case, the system is particularly used for providing electrical energy and / or thermal energy independently of time. In the second case, the heat storage device can be charged with thermal energy at the first location and, after transporting the heat storage device to the second location, the stored thermal energy can be converted - at least partially - into electrical energy and thus electrical energy can be provided at the second location.

[0019] In the case of using a transportable heat storage device, the discharged heat storage device can be transported back to the first location and recharged. Similarly, they can be transported to another location, where they are charged, and so on. According to the current demand for the heat storage device and / or the storable energy generated, the most favorable transportation route can be selected in each case so that the discharged heat storage device can be used for recharging. It is understood that the heat storage device still has a certain amount of waste heat after it is discharged. The heat energy stored in the heat storage device associated with this waste heat will not be lost, or at least only lost to a small extent, but will be retained until the heat storage device is recharged-it can be said to be "preheated". For example, the heat energy in the energy conversion process used to generate electrical energy can no longer be used in the process, and this heat energy can be used for preheating of the heat storage device. For example, this heat energy can be the waste heat of a turbine.

[0020] In the present application, “two different locations” are understood in particular to mean two locations which are more than 1 km, preferably more than 10 km apart.

[0021] The invention is particularly advantageous in supplying electric vehicles with electrical energy. These use batteries and have a relatively limited range. Therefore, even in underdeveloped areas, a network of charging stations must be available to provide a certain amount of electrical energy.

[0022] In the case of the present invention, the conversion station can be used to charge batteries in electrically driven vehicles. Therefore, the supply of the conversion station coupled to the charging station for electrically driven vehicles can be realized in a simple manner, in particular by transporting the heat storage device. This makes it possible to achieve a supply that is similar to the supply of a conventional gas station with a refueling vehicle in terms of the flexibility of the supply. This supply is particularly advantageous in areas where demand varies with the seasons - for example, seasonal traffic flows during holidays. Fixed energy supply networks must be designed in a directional manner according to peaks that are only temporarily needed. Using the method according to the invention, the heat storage device charged with thermal energy can be transported to the conversion station more or less frequently. In this way, it is possible to respond very flexibly to individual needs.

[0023] In addition to the supply of electric vehicles, the invention has further particularly advantageous fields of application with regard to the advantageous installation locations of the conversion stations according to the invention. For example, infrastructures, in particular remote infrastructures, can easily be supplied with electrical energy and / or thermal energy in a self-sufficient manner. This could be, for example, remote farms. However, in particular other types of remote facilities, such as those used for leisure activities and / or tourism, are also advantageous fields of application. For example, catering facilities in remote areas can be operated and supplied with electrical energy and / or thermal energy according to the invention. Similarly, the invention is also advantageous in, for example, supplying communities, campuses, commercial properties, streets, towns, camps and / or crisis areas with electrical energy and / or thermal energy.

[0024] A particular advantage of the invention is that it works when the facilities being supplied are only used seasonally or temporarily. During peak periods, they can be supplied more frequently from the charged thermal storage device. During times of low usage or temporary or seasonal closure of the facilities, supply can be reduced to a minimum or even stopped completely.

[0025] The method according to the invention and / or the system according to the invention can be used for supplementary energy supply. A conversion station can then be provided at the installation to be supplied with electrical energy, in particular to meet demand peaks. In this application, the existing supply from the power grid can also be supplemented. This is particularly meaningful in the case where, although a connection of the installation to be supplied to the power supply network already exists, the efficiency of this connection is insufficient.

[0026] Alternatively, it is also possible to use the method according to the invention and / or the system according to the invention to provide a network-independent energy supply. This is particularly relevant in the following cases: there is no connection to an existing energy supply network. This is particularly the case when the installation to be supplied is new, especially in remote areas.

[0027] In this case, the method according to the invention and / or the system according to the invention are of interest, in particular in the case of facilities that are only temporarily set up, for example in the case of facilities that are set up to carry out a single activity. In this case, mobile generators are often used, which generate electrical energy by burning fossil fuels. The method according to the invention can replace such conventional mobile and / or transportable generators with mobile and / or transportable conversion stations. The invention is also characterized in particular in that interferences due to exhaust gases and / or engine noise, which are unavoidable with conventional generators, are avoided.

[0028] The conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy can take place, for example, in a steam turbine and / or a steam engine. The use of a steam turbine and / or a steam engine is particularly advantageous when the thermal energy is stored at a relatively high temperature level in a heat storage device. Alternatively and / or in addition, a Stirling engine can also be used to convert electrical energy into thermal energy.

[0029] The process for converting thermal energy into electrical energy in an advantageous manner within the scope of the method according to the invention can be based on, for example, a Clausius-Rankine process or a Carnot process. This includes, for example, the operation of a steam turbine and / or a steam engine within the scope of a steam Rankine cycle (SRC).

[0030] Alternatively and / or additionally, the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy can be achieved by a so-called organic Rankine cycle (ORC). This is a process in which an organic medium is used instead of water vapor to operate a steam turbine and / or a steam engine. The boiling point of this medium at normal pressure is preferably lower than that of water. This is particularly advantageous for the use of heat storage devices operating at low and / or medium temperature levels.

[0031] Another advantageous variant of the method for converting thermal energy into electrical energy within the scope of the method according to the invention is the use of the Kalina process in the conversion station. In these processes, a mixture of ammonia and water is used to generate steam, wherein ammonia or water can be used in the various stages due to additional thermodynamic effects caused by the varying concentrations of ammonia or water. With such a process, higher efficiencies can be achieved under suitable boundary conditions.

[0032] Alternatively and / or additionally, the thermal energy can be fed to a conventional power station to generate electrical energy. This can be, for example, a gas and steam turbine power station. This power station then represents a conversion station in the sense of the present invention. The added value of the present invention in this case lies in particular in the utilization of the waste heat.

[0033] Alternatively and / or additionally, the conversion station can have a thermoelectric generator. A thermoelectric generator or thermal generator is a semiconductor-based device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy. The thermoelectric effect utilized here is also called the Seebeck effect. Alternatively and / or as a component of the thermoelectric generator, a thermoelectric material for converting thermal energy into electrical energy can be used.

[0034] Likewise, at least a portion of the thermal energy stored in the heat storage device can be used directly, for example for heating purposes and / or for hot water production. In this way, the conversion station can be operated in the manner of a thermal power station. When using the method according to the invention to supply energy to remote facilities, a higher overall efficiency can be achieved in this way than in the case of using pure electricity. This is because when using the heat directly, lower temperature levels can generally be utilized more rationally than when converting thermal energy into electrical energy.

[0035] Advantageously, the thermal energy charged to the heat storage device can be waste heat. Waste heat here is to be understood in particular as heat which is not usually used in any value-added manner according to the prior art. Such waste heat is generated in particular in industrial facilities of any kind. This applies in particular to industrial facilities in which materials and / or workpieces are temporarily exposed to high temperatures, for example in order to realize primary processes and / or forming processes and / or chemical conversions. Examples include facilities in the heavy industry, the ceramic industry, the glass industry, the chemical industry and / or the pharmaceutical industry.

[0036] Alternatively and / or additionally, the thermal energy may be thermal energy originating from exhaust gases, in particular from flue gases.The thermal energy obtained from flue gases may in particular, at least partially, already be obtained from the flue gases before they are conveyed to the flue gas cleaning system.

[0037] In the context of the method according to the invention, when charging the thermal energy storage medium with thermal energy, the thermal energy storage medium is preferably heated to an average temperature of at least 200° C., particularly preferably at least 300° C. and / or at most 1300° C., preferably at most 650° C. It has been shown that these temperature ranges can be used particularly meaningfully in practice. On the one hand, a thermal energy storage device with a thermal energy storage medium at a corresponding temperature is a sufficiently hot energy source to enable an economical conversion process of thermal energy into electrical energy. On the other hand, the amount of waste heat flow at the above-mentioned temperature levels is sufficient to enable the operation of the corresponding charging station and the thermal storage device.

[0038] As heat storage devices, so-called latent heat storage devices can be used in particular. In such heat storage devices, phase change materials are used as thermal energy storage media. The latent heat of fusion, latent heat of dissolution and / or latent heat of absorption of such media is significantly greater than the amount of heat that can be stored without using such phase change effects.

[0039] Alternatively and / or additionally, so-called sensible heat storage devices can be used. Such heat storage devices change their sensible temperature during charging and / or discharging. In particular, there is no phase change in such heat storage devices. Sensible heat storage devices are particularly suitable for wide and / or high temperature ranges. Such heat storage devices are described, for example, in EP3187563A1.

[0040] The heat storage medium may include solid core particles and at least one phosphorus compound. In this case, at least a portion of the phosphorus compound is an oligomer. Here, the core particle includes a shell having a shell phosphorus compound, which is bound to the core particle by chemical adsorption or physical adsorption. In addition, this heat storage medium includes a matrix phosphorus compound. In this case, at least a portion of the shell phosphorus compound and / or the matrix phosphorus compound is an oligomer. The solid content of this heat storage medium may be in the range of 30% to 60% by mass fraction. The average diameter of the core particles of this heat storage medium may be in the range of 1 μm to 10 μm. The surface of the core particles of such a heat storage medium may be pretreated with a reactive substance. At least one oligomer of this heat storage medium may contain 3 to 50 repeating units. The crystal water content in at least one phosphorus compound of this heat storage medium may be in the range of 0 to 20% by mass fraction. At least one oligomer of the shell phosphorus compound of this heat storage medium may have fewer repeating units than the oligomer of the matrix phosphorus compound. The composition of this heat storage medium may also include a filler. The average diameter of the filler particles of this heat storage medium may be in the range of 1 mm to 50 mm. The heat storage medium may be a fluid and most preferably a liquid. The heat storage medium may be hardened. In the case of such a hardened heat storage medium, at least 90% of the mass fraction of water may be removed. The heat storage medium may be prepared by mixing at least one phosphorus compound containing at least one oligomer with solid core particles.

[0041] Alternatively and / or additionally, the heat storage device can be part of a power station converted into a heat storage device. In particular, the combustion chamber of the power station can be filled with heat storage material and / or replaced by the heat storage device to provide a heat storage device with a high capacity in a cost-effective manner.

[0042] Alternatively and / or additionally, it can be a so-called thermochemical heat storage device. For example, they use silica gel that absorbs water vapor as the heat storage medium. Alternatively and / or additionally, for example, metal hydrides and / or zeolites can also be used as the heat storage medium in such a heat storage device. However, other reversible chemical processes or reactions are also conceivable.

[0043] Advantageously, the heat storage device is compatible with the transport system for freight containers. In this way, the heat storage device can be transported using existing logistics systems. It is particularly advantageous that the heat storage device is designed to be compatible with TEU-ISO containers and / or FeO-ISO containers. This particularly relates to the size of the heat storage device, its shape and the attachment points that can be used for the container logistics system, in particular at the corners of the container-shaped heat storage device. In addition, this heat storage device can be handled and / or managed in logistics like a container. Advantageously, this heat storage device has a support structure. This support structure can be arranged in particular inside the heat storage device. This support structure is particularly used to absorb the static forces generated by the weight of the thermal energy storage medium. Due to the temperature changes in the heat storage device, the material of the heat storage device is subjected to additional stress. Thermal stress and mechanical stress can lead to an interaction in the material in which the individual stress effects to which the material is subjected reinforce each other. This is called thermal ratcheting.

[0044] The support structure can be designed in particular such that the corners and / or the area of ​​the attachment points of the container are reinforced. Without such a support structure, there is a risk when using standard containers that the volume of the container cannot be used for filling with the heat storage medium due to the maximum load capacity of the container, where complete filling would exceed the maximum load capacity of the container.

[0045] Advantageously, thermal insulation is provided between the heat storage medium and the support structure.

[0046] The system according to the invention particularly preferably has a plurality of heat storage devices or uses a plurality of heat storage devices to carry out the method. In this case, the number of heat storage devices is preferably high enough to enable continuous operation of the charging station and / or the conversion station. The advantage of the continuous operation of the charging station is that the heat flow, which can also be continuously generated, can be used permanently to charge the heat storage device. Thus, for example, the waste heat flow can be continuously utilized. For example, when a "round-the-clock" supply readiness is to be maintained within the scope of supplying electrical energy to vehicles, the conversion station must be used continuously. In this case, it is advantageous that at least one of the heat storage devices is always located in the conversion station, and the heat storage device at least also contains a sufficient amount of residual thermal energy to ensure the security of supply. Further heat storage devices can be located simultaneously on the transport route and / or in the charging station, so as to achieve continuous operation of the conversion station, in particular by timely replacement of the heat storage devices.

[0047] Furthermore, if the system has a plurality of heat storage devices or the method is performed using a plurality of heat storage devices, the heat storage devices are selectively used for providing electrical energy and / or for providing thermal energy depending on the temperature of the individual heat storage devices. In other words, this means that, for example, thermal energy in a first heat storage device, in particular having a relatively high temperature level, is used to generate electrical energy, which is, for example, fed to a power supply network, while thermal energy in a second heat storage device, having a lower temperature level than the first heat storage device, is used to provide thermal energy, for example via a heat distribution network.

[0048] In addition, the system according to the invention can have a plurality, in particular a large number of heat storage devices, a plurality, in particular a large number of charging stations and / or a plurality, in particular a large number of conversion stations, or the method according to the invention can use a plurality, in particular a large number of heat storage devices, a plurality, in particular a large number of charging stations and / or a plurality, in particular a large number of conversion stations. In this way, a supply network can be formed, wherein, in particular, according to the corresponding demand for electrical energy at the conversion station and / or the generation of thermal energy at the charging station, the transportation and / or transportation time and / or transportation path of electrical energy and / or thermal energy between the individual charging stations and the conversion station via the corresponding network are determined. Such a supply network can meet the functions of a district heating network, or in other words, form a virtual district heating network. Here, it is meaningful to optimize the transportation route because it can make the transportation distance as short as possible, so that the transportation of the heat storage device is most energy-efficient. For example, this can be achieved by a superior control system. The superior control system can especially record and / or evaluate the operating data of the charging station, the operating data of the conversion station and / or the operating data of the heat storage device. The control system can also be used to plan and / or coordinate logistics measures that are independent of the direct influence of the controller, such as the transportation of the heat storage device by truck.

[0049] The operating data may be the heat flow and / or amount generated at the charging station, the electrical energy demand and / or the power demand of the conversion station and / or the respective position and / or the charging state of the individual heat storage devices. These operating data may then preferably be used as a basis for determining and / or calculating an optimized transport of electrical energy and / or thermal energy in and / or via the respective network and / or transport paths and / or transport times for the individual storage devices.

[0050] The superordinate control system can be implemented, for example, by using a computer. This can be connected, for example, via a data connection to the Internet and / or a mobile network with the charging station, the conversion station and / or the heat storage device. In order to determine its current location, the heat storage device can preferably be equipped with a GPS receiver. Preferably, the charging station, the conversion station and / or the heat storage device have suitable measuring devices and / or sensors to record the respective operating data.

[0051] In this case, the superior control system can also infer the expected future demand data based on the operating data collected in the past. This is particularly advantageous if the thermal energy generation at the charging station and / or the electrical energy demand at the conversion station is subject to fixed time cycles. The superior logistics control system preferably identifies such cycles based on the collected operating data. Such cycles may be caused, for example, by weekly, daily and / or seasonal fluctuations in the demand for electrical energy and / or the generation of thermal energy. The superior logistics control system can then take such cycles into account when evaluating the operating data and calculating or determining the transportation time and / or transportation route based thereon. This achieves "predictive" control of the system according to the invention.

[0052] The system and / or the controller controlling the method is configured to convert the electrical energy into thermal energy and store it according to the power generated by the energy supply facility and / or the demand for electrical energy from the network supplied by the energy generating device, and / or to convert the stored thermal energy into electrical energy and transmit it to the energy supply network. Thus, it is particularly advantageous to provide power control using the present invention. In this case, in particular, it is possible to implement a transmission network for data of the system with other facilities of the electrical energy supply network. This makes it possible in particular to obtain data related to the current demand and / or current price of electrical energy and use them as the basis for the control of the system and / or method.

[0053] According to a practical embodiment, the invention is used to provide electric energy for electric vehicles. An exemplary conversion station can be used to charge 80 vehicles, each with 100 kWh of energy. This is based on 250 operating days per year, which is equivalent to a total amount of 2 GWh of electricity per year.

[0054] Assuming an efficiency of 15% for converting thermal energy into electrical energy, this means that 56 MWh of thermal energy must be delivered or provided from the charging station to the conversion station every day. With the method according to the invention, this thermal energy can be provided, for example, by daily supply of the conversion station with 3 thermal storage devices, the size of which corresponds to a 20-foot container (TEU-ISO container). In order to ensure continuous operational readiness of the conversion station, 6 corresponding simultaneously operating thermal storage devices are sufficient in this case. The investment in such a system according to the invention at the conversion station is approximately 30% of the cost of a solar system of similar power as an alternative to the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 A simplified process diagram of an exemplary method for supplying electrical energy is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The exemplary electrical energy supply method is based on a charging station 1 located at a first location. In the charging station 1, a thermal storage device 2 can be charged with thermal energy.

[0057] The heat storage device 2 can be a structure corresponding to a TEU-ISO container in size. In this way, the heat storage device 2 can be transported in a simple manner using the transport system of such containers.

[0058] The heat storage device 2 may be a latent heat storage device. These may have a heat storage medium, which reaches an average temperature of 650° C. when the heat storage device 2 is charged at the charging station 1 . The heat energy 7 used by the heat storage device 2 may be waste heat 3 from an industrial facility 4 .

[0059] Then, if Figure 1 As shown schematically, the heat storage device 2 charged in this way can be transported to a conversion station 5. There, the heat storage device 2 can be discharged with a discharge facility 6. The thermal energy 7 from the heat storage device 2 is first supplied to a heat engine 8, such as a steam engine or a Stirling engine, at the conversion station 5. It is coupled to a generator 9.

[0060] The electrical energy 10 thus generated by the generator 9 can be used, for example, to charge an electrically driven vehicle 11. After discharge, the discharged heat storage device 2 can be transported from the conversion station 5 back to the charging station 1 and charged again.

[0061] The features of the invention disclosed in the present specification, the drawings and the claims are essential for implementing the invention in its various embodiments, both individually and in any combination. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It may vary within the scope of the claims and taking into account the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.

[0062] Reference numerals

[0063] 1 Hot charging station

[0064] 2 Heat storage equipment

[0065] 3 Heat / heat energy

[0066] 4 Industrial facilities

[0067] 5. Switching Station

[0068] 6 Energy release facilities

[0069] 7 Heat

[0070] 8 Heat Engine

[0071] 9. Generator

[0072] 10. Electricity

[0073] 11 Electric vehicles

Claims

1. A method for supplying electrical energy (10), wherein: A heat storage device (2) is charged with heat energy (3) at a heat charging station (1), wherein the heat energy (3) charged with the heat storage device (2) is waste heat (3), wherein the heat energy (3) is converted into electrical energy (10) at a conversion station (5), wherein the heat storage device (2) is charged with heat energy (3) at a first location at the heat charging station (1) and transported to a second location different from the first location, wherein the heat energy (3) is converted into electrical energy (10) at the conversion station (5) at the second location, wherein a plurality of heat storage devices (2), a plurality of heat charging stations (1) and a plurality of conversion stations (5) are used to form a supply network so as to meet the functions of a regional heating network, wherein the operating data of the heat charging station (1), the operating data of the conversion station (5) and the operating data of the heat storage device (2) are detected and evaluated by a superior logistics control system, wherein the transportation route and / or transportation time of the heat storage device (2) is calculated and / or determined by the superior logistics control system based on the detected operating data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The electric energy (10) is used to supply the electric drive vehicle (11) with the electric energy (10).

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrical energy (10) is used in the region of the converter station (5) to supply an electrically driven vehicle (11) with the electrical energy (10).

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrical energy (10) is used to charge a battery of the electric vehicle (11).

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal energy (3) is converted into the electrical energy (10) by means of a steam turbine, a Stirling engine (8), a thermoelectric material, a thermoelectric generator, a Kalina process and / or an organic Rankine cycle process and / or a steam Rankine cycle process.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal energy (3) used to charge the thermal storage device (2) is waste heat from an industrial facility (4).

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The average temperature of the thermal energy storage medium of the heat storage device (2) when charging the heat storage device (2) with the thermal energy (3) reaches at least 200° C. and / or at most 1300° C.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal storage medium comprises solid core particles and at least one phosphorus compound, wherein at least a portion of the phosphorus compound is an oligomer, wherein the thermal storage medium comprises core particles having a shell, the shell comprising a shell phosphorus compound, the shell phosphorus compound being bound to the core particles by chemical adsorption or physical adsorption, wherein the thermal storage medium comprises a matrix phosphorus compound, wherein at least a portion of the shell phosphorus compound and / or the matrix phosphorus compound is an oligomer.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal storage device (2) is arranged to be compatible with a transport system for use with freight containers.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal storage device (2) is configured to be compatible with a transport system for TEU-ISO containers and / or FEU-ISO containers.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal storage device has an internal support structure.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat storage device (2) is a latent heat storage device.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat storage device (2) is a thermochemical heat storage device.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat storage device (2) is a sensible heat storage device.

15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method is performed using a plurality of the heat storage devices, the number of the heat storage devices (2) being at least such that the charging station (1) and / or the conversion station (5) can operate continuously.

16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that A portion of the thermal energy (3) stored in the thermal storage device is transmitted to a heating network.

17. Energy supply system for supplying electrical energy (10) according to the method of any of the preceding claims, wherein: The energy supply system comprises at least one heat storage device (2), the energy supply system comprises a charging station (1) for charging the heat storage device (2) with heat energy (3), wherein the energy supply system comprises a conversion station (5) for converting the heat energy (3) stored in the heat storage device (2) into electrical energy (10), wherein the system comprises an energy generation device for generating electrical energy (10), and wherein the system is configured to convert the electrical energy (10) generated by the energy generation device into heat energy (3) and store it in the heat storage device (2), wherein the system has a plurality of heat storage devices (2) and a plurality of charging stations (1) and a plurality of conversion stations (5), wherein the system has an upper-level logistics control system for evaluating the detected operating data of the charging station (1), the conversion station (5) and the heat storage device (2), and calculating and / or determining the transportation route and / or transportation time of the heat storage device (2) based on the detected operating data.

18. The system according to claim 17, characterized in that The system comprises the energy generation device for generating electrical energy (10), and wherein, The system is configured to convert electrical energy (10) generated by the energy generation device into thermal energy (3) and to store it in the thermal storage device (2), wherein the energy generation device is an energy generation device for generating electrical energy (10) from renewable energy sources.

19. The system according to claim 17, characterized in that The energy generation equipment is a wind power generation equipment.

20. The system according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that The system is configured to convert electrical energy (10) into thermal energy (3) and store it according to the electricity generated by the energy generation device and / or the demand for electrical energy (10) from a network that supplies electrical energy (10) from the energy generation device, and / or to convert the stored thermal energy (3) into electrical energy (10) and transmit it to the energy supply network.

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