A ring die granulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a ring die granulator, comprising a frame and a forming roller, the forming roller is densely covered with forming holes that penetrate inside and outside, the forming roller is equipped with a roller main shaft driven by a roller driving device, the roller main shaft is equipped with a roller group that cooperates with the forming roller to form ceramsite, the frame is connected with a scraper that can fit the outer wall of the forming roller, the forming roller and the roller main shaft rotate in the opposite direction, the front side of the forming roller is provided with an annular feeding port, the frame is equipped with a feeding cylinder located on one side of the forming roller, the feeding cylinder is provided with a feeding port, a feeding screw is arranged in the feeding cylinder, the main shaft of the feeding screw is coaxially arranged with the roller main shaft and connected by a coupling, a guide cylinder arranged in a conical shape is arranged between the discharge end of the feeding cylinder and the feeding port, the guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the forming roller, and the guide cylinder and the feeding cylinder are rotatably sealed and connected. The invention has the advantages of high ceramsite forming quality, high continuous production efficiency and improved ceramsite forming quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a granulator industry, in particular to a ring die granulator. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic granules are widely used as aggregates in the construction and building materials industry due to their reasonable particle size distribution, low bulk density, low thermal conductivity, low water absorption, high refractoriness, good thermal insulation, and acid corrosion resistance. As one of the important raw materials for lightweight aggregates, the molding process of ceramsite is as follows: the raw materials (construction impurities, stone powder, additives, etc.) are mixed and stirred in a mixer, and then granulated by a granulator. After granulation, it needs to be dried and cooled to form a finished product.

[0003] After the raw materials are mixed and batched, they need to be granulated by a granulator. Existing granulators mainly include two categories, namely, drum granulators and ring die granulators. The drum granulator uses an intermediate pressure roller to squeeze the material toward the drum, and it flows out from the discharge hole of the drum, thereby realizing the granulation process. The ring die granulator mainly includes an outer ring cylinder, and the outer ring cylinder is equipped with multiple pressure rollers of ring cloth. After the material is put into the outer ring cylinder, multiple pressure rollers squeeze the raw materials and discharge the material through the mesh holes on the outer ring cylinder, thereby realizing granulation. Existing ring die granulators all adopt the top feeding method, that is, feeding from the top of the outer ring cylinder. The outer ring cylinder has two modes of reverse rotation and non-rotation. Granulation is achieved by squeezing the rotating pressure roller. The structural disadvantage of this top feeding is that the top feeding is easy to cause the material to concentrate on the top or fall to the bottom, the material enters unevenly, and some of the multiple pressure rollers of the ring cloth will not work (or the extrusion amount is insufficient), that is, some of the mesh holes on the outer ring cylinder will not produce particles, so the production efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ring die granulator, which can ensure the cooling quality of ceramsite and improve the product quality.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a ring die granulator with the following structure, including a frame and a forming roller connected to the frame, the frame is also equipped with a roller power device for driving the forming roller to rotate, the forming roller is densely covered with forming holes that penetrate inside and outside, the frame is connected with a roller main shaft driven by the roller driving device and can extend into the forming roller, the roller main shaft is equipped with a roller group that cooperates with the forming roller to form ceramsite, the frame is connected with a scraper that can fit the outer wall of the forming roller, and the structure is as follows: The structural features are: the forming roller and the pressure roller main shaft rotate in opposite directions, an annular feed port is opened on the front side of the forming roller, a feeding cylinder located on one side of the forming roller is installed on the frame, a feeding port is provided on the feeding cylinder, a feeding screw is installed in the feeding cylinder, the main shaft of the feeding screw is coaxially arranged with the pressure roller main shaft and connected by a coupling, a conical guide cylinder is installed between the discharge end of the feeding cylinder and the feed port, the guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the forming roller, and the guide cylinder and the feeding cylinder are rotatably sealed and connected.

[0006] The front end of the guide barrel is provided with a connecting sleeve, the rear end of the feed barrel is open and the rear end of the feed spiral extends into the guide barrel, the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the feed barrel, and at least two sealing rings are spaced apart between the connecting sleeve and the feed barrel.

[0007] There are two front and rear sealing rings between the connecting sleeve and the feeding barrel. The front one is an O-ring, and the rear sealing ring includes a sealing body. The outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring body is provided with an inwardly extending annular groove, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the annular groove is square.

[0008] The pressure roller group includes a pressure roller frame connected to the pressure roller main shaft, the pressure roller frame is connected to a plurality of support frames arranged along the pressure roller main shaft, the support frames are slidably connected to the pressure roller frame and springs are installed between the support frames and the pressure roller frame, and the support frames are connected to the pressure rollers that can rotate freely.

[0009] The pressure roller frame is also connected with a plurality of shovel plates which are arranged along the main axis of the pressure roller, and the shovel plates and the pressure roller are arranged alternately.

[0010] A support disk is connected to the section of the pressure roller main shaft outside the forming drum, a ring disk is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the forming drum, and a bearing is arranged between the support disk and the ring disk.

[0011] The frame is provided with a material receiving box located below the forming roller, the top of the material receiving box is against the forming roller, and the frame is provided with arc-shaped material guide plates located on both sides of the forming roller, the lower ends of the arc-shaped material guide plates extend into the material receiving box.

[0012] The frame is connected with three scraper knives arranged along the ring of the forming drum. The three scraper knives are respectively located at both sides and the lower part of the forming drum. The scraper knives are arranged obliquely and the inclination direction forms a set angle with the rotation direction of the forming drum.

[0013] The material guiding cylinder comprises an inner cylinder body and an outer cylinder body, and the inner wall of the inner cylinder body is connected with a plurality of convex rib plates extending toward the outer cylinder body.

[0014] After adopting the above structure, a feeding cylinder and a guide cylinder are arranged on the front side of the forming drum, so that the mixed raw materials can enter the forming drum horizontally. The guide cylinder rotates synchronously with the forming drum to achieve uniform feeding, ensuring that a good extrusion effect can be formed between the pressure roller group and the forming drum, thereby realizing continuous production and avoiding the problem that some pressure rollers cannot work due to top feeding. The main shaft of the feeding spiral is coaxially arranged with the main shaft of the pressure roller, thereby preventing the problem of asynchronous pressure roller forming and feeding, and ensuring the forming quality of the expanded clay, avoiding the problem of loose cooperation between the pressure roller group and the forming drum (even causing bumps), and further ensuring the quality of the expanded clay.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the advantages of high ceramsite molding quality and high continuous production efficiency, thereby improving the ceramsite molding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is along Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from the middle AA line;

[0019] Figure 3 is along Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the section along the midline BB;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from a bird's-eye view;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the feeding cylinder and the guide cylinder;

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged middle C area;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the scraper and the forming roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a ring die pelletizer, for the convenience of description, Figure 1The left side is the front side of the machine, which includes a frame 1 and a molding roller 2 connected to the frame 1. The frame 1 is also equipped with a roller power device for driving the molding roller 2 to rotate. The roller power device is a power machine. The molding roller 2 is densely covered with molding holes that pass through inside and outside. The frame 1 is connected with a roller main shaft 3 that is driven by the roller driving device and can extend into the molding roller 2. The roller main shaft passes through the molding roller. The roller driving device is a power machine. The above two power machines can use a set of power, that is, a power machine is set. The power output main shaft of the power machine can be connected to the roller main shaft 3 through a gearbox. The above power output main shaft can also be connected to the power shaft through a sprocket chain. A driving gear is installed on the power shaft. The molding roller 2 is equipped with a driven wheel meshing with the driving gear to realize the rotation of the molding roller and the rotation of the roller main shaft. A roller group that cooperates with the molding roller 2 to form ceramsite is installed on the roller main shaft 3. The roller group is located in the molding roller, and a scraper 7 that can fit the outer wall of the molding roller 2 is connected to the frame 1.

[0025] refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the forming roller 2 rotates in the opposite direction to the pressure roller main shaft 3, and the above-mentioned reverse rotation can be achieved through the gearbox and power transmission structure described above. An annular feed port 21 is provided on the front side of the forming roller, and a feeding barrel 4 located on one side of the forming roller is installed on the frame 1, and a feeding port is provided on the feeding barrel 4, and a feeding screw 5 is installed in the feeding barrel 4. The main shaft of the feeding screw 5 is coaxially arranged with the pressure roller main shaft 3 and connected by a coupling, and a conical guide barrel 6 is installed between the discharge end of the feeding barrel 4 and the feed port 21, and the guide barrel 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the forming roller and the guide barrel 6 and the feeding barrel are rotatably sealed and connected, and a connecting sleeve 61 is installed at the front end of the guide barrel 6, and the rear end of the feeding barrel 4 is open and the feeding screw 5 is installed. The rear end of the screw 5 extends into the guide barrel, and the connecting sleeve 61 is sleeved on the feeding barrel 4. At least two sealing rings are installed between the connecting sleeve 61 and the feeding barrel 4. There are two front and rear sealing rings between the connecting sleeve 61 and the feeding barrel 4. The front one is an O-ring, and the rear sealing ring includes a sealing body. The outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring body is provided with an inwardly extending annular groove 20, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the annular groove 20 is square. That is to say, the two ends of the rear sealing ring are circular and the middle is square. The above structure can realize the sealing connection between the feeding barrel 4 and the guide barrel 6 to form a step seal, and when the guide barrel rotates with the forming drum 2, the feeding barrel 4 can be prevented from twisting, thereby ensuring the feeding stability and thus ensuring the quality of ceramsite molding. The material guide cylinder 6 includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The inner wall of the inner cylinder is connected with a plurality of convex ribs 18 extending toward the outer cylinder. The convex ribs can prevent the raw materials from sticking to the wall, forming balls and agglomeration during transportation, thereby ensuring the quality of ceramsite molding.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 As shown, the pressure roller group includes a pressure roller frame 8 connected to the pressure roller main shaft 3, and the pressure roller frame 8 is connected to a plurality of support frames 9 arranged along the pressure roller main shaft 3, the support frames 9 are slidably connected to the pressure roller frame 8 and a spring 11 is installed between the support frames 9 and the pressure roller frame 8, and a freely rotatable pressure roller 10 is connected to the support frame 9, and the pressure roller 10 is provided with an inclined groove, and the inclined groove is only illustrated on one pressure roller in the figure. When the pressure roller rotates with the pressure roller main shaft, it can rotate freely. When the pressure roller 10 rotates, the inclined groove can help to catch the material and squeeze it into the forming hole of the forming drum, thereby improving the forming efficiency of the expanded clay, allowing the material to enter the forming hole more quickly, ensuring the fullness in the forming hole, that is, avoiding the problem of expanded clay discontinuity, and the pressure roller frame 8 is also connected to a plurality of shovel plates 12 arranged along the pressure roller main shaft 3, and the shovel plates 12 are arranged alternately with the pressure roller 10. Through the action of the spring 11, the pressure roller can be squeezed to the inner wall of the forming drum 2 to the maximum extent, so that the raw materials are squeezed out from the forming hole. The shovel plate 12 can fully stir the raw materials to prevent the problem of agglomeration, so that the raw materials are evenly distributed, and the continuous output of ceramsite is guaranteed, and the production efficiency is improved and the production quality of ceramsite is guaranteed. The advantage of setting the above-mentioned spring and other structures is that, for example, when the gap between the outer surface of the pressure roller and the inner surface of the forming drum is too large, the material squeezed into the forming hole of the forming drum may have a gap (not dense or notched), and after cutting, it will form a defective product. If the above-mentioned gap is too small, it is easy to be blocked and the material will not be squeezed out continuously. Therefore, through the setting of elastic expansion and contraction, according to the viscosity of the material and the size of the elastic pressure, it can be controlled to always maintain sufficient extrusion force, ensure the compactness of the material flowing out of the forming hole, and ensure the forming quality of the ceramsite.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the section of the roller main shaft 3 outside the forming drum 2 is connected with a support plate 13, the outer wall of the forming drum 2 is fixed with a ring plate 14, and a bearing 15 is installed between the support plate 13 and the ring plate. The above structure can ensure the coaxiality of the forming drum 2 with the roller main shaft 3 when rotating, thereby ensuring the molding quality and preventing the roller from excessively hitting the wall. In the present invention, through the arrangement of the above structure, the main shaft of the feeding screw, the rotation center of the roller group, and the rotation of the forming drum 2 are on the same axis, thereby ensuring the molding quality of the ceramsite to the greatest extent.

[0028] As shown in the accompanying drawings, the frame is connected with three scraper knives 7 arranged along the forming drum 2. The three scraper knives 7 are respectively located on both sides and the lower part of the forming drum 2. The scraper knives 7 are inclined and the inclination direction forms a set angle with the rotation direction of the forming drum. Figure 3As shown, the above-mentioned set angle means that the inclination direction of the scraper in the figure is fixed, and the forming drum in the figure rotates counterclockwise, thereby the state shown in the figure appears, ensuring that the strip material can be cut into expanded clay, and the forming hole of the forming drum 2 is provided with a bevel groove, and the lower part of the inclination direction of the scraper 7 is above the bevel groove, that is, when the scraper 7 cuts the material, it first passes through the bevel groove, thereby preventing the problem of cutting and sticking. The outer end of the frame 1 is provided with a material receiving box 16 located below the forming drum 2, and the top of the material receiving box 16 is against the forming drum 2, and the frame 1 is provided with arc-shaped guide plates 17 located on both sides of the forming drum 2, and the lower ends of the arc-shaped guide plates extend into the material receiving box 16. The above structure can ensure that the cut material can fully fall into the material receiving box, and then be collected uniformly before subsequent processes such as rounding and drying.

[0029] The present invention may also have other embodiments, and other technical solutions formed in the claims will not be described one by one. The present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and equivalent changes and component replacements based on the above embodiments of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring die pelletizing machine, comprising a frame (1) and a molding roller (2) connected to the frame (1), the frame (1) further being provided with a roller power device for driving the molding roller (2) to rotate, the molding roller (2) being densely covered with molding holes that penetrate inside and outside, the frame being connected with a roller main shaft (3) driven by a roller driving device and capable of extending into the molding roller (2), the roller main shaft (3) being provided with a roller group that cooperates with the molding roller to form ceramsite, the frame (1) being connected with a scraper (7) that can adhere to the outer wall of the molding roller (2), wherein: The forming roller (2) and the pressure roller main shaft (3) rotate in opposite directions, an annular feed port (21) is provided on the front side of the forming roller, a feeding cylinder (4) is installed on the frame (1) and is located on one side of the forming roller, a feeding port is provided on the feeding cylinder (4), a feeding screw (5) is installed in the feeding cylinder (4), the main shaft of the feeding screw (5) is coaxially arranged with the pressure roller main shaft (3) and connected via a coupling, a conical guide cylinder (6) is installed between the discharge end of the feeding cylinder (4) and the feed port (21), the guide cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the forming roller, and the guide cylinder (6) and the feeding cylinder are rotatably sealed and connected; The front end of the guide barrel (6) is provided with a connecting sleeve (61), the rear end of the feed barrel (4) is open and the rear end of the feed screw (5) extends into the guide barrel, the connecting sleeve (61) is sleeved on the feed barrel (4), and at least two sealing rings are arranged at intervals between the connecting sleeve (61) and the feed barrel (4); a total of two front and rear sealing rings are arranged between the connecting sleeve (61) and the feed barrel (4), the front sealing ring is an O-type sealing ring, and the rear sealing ring includes a sealing body, and an annular groove extending inward is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the sealing ring body, and the cross-sectional outer contour of the annular groove is square; The pressure roller group comprises a pressure roller frame (8) connected to the pressure roller main shaft (3), the pressure roller frame (8) is connected to a plurality of support frames (9) arranged along the pressure roller main shaft (3), the support frames (9) are slidably connected to the pressure roller frame (8) and a spring (11) is installed between the support frames (9) and the pressure roller frame (8), and a pressure roller (10) that can rotate freely is connected to the support frame (9); an inclined groove is provided on the pressure roller (10), and the pressure roller (10) moves along the pressure roller main shaft (3) ) rotates freely when the pressing roller (10) rotates, and when the pressing roller (10) rotates, the inclined groove receives the material and squeezes it into the forming hole of the forming roller (2); the frame (1) is equipped with a material receiving box (16) located below the forming roller (2), the top of the material receiving box (16) rests on the forming roller (2), and the frame (1) is equipped with arc-shaped material guide plates (17) located on both sides of the forming roller (2), and the lower ends of the arc-shaped material guide plates extend into the material receiving box (16); The frame is connected to three scraper knives (7) which are arranged along the molding drum (2). The three scraper knives (7) are respectively located on both sides and the lower part of the molding drum (2). The scraper knives (7) are arranged obliquely and the inclination direction forms a set angle with the rotation direction of the molding drum. The molding hole of the molding drum is provided with an oblique groove, and the lower part of the inclination direction of the scraper knives is located above the oblique groove.

2. The ring die granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure roller frame (8) is also connected to a plurality of shovel plates (12) arranged along the pressure roller main axis (3), and the shovel plates (12) and the pressure roller (10) are arranged alternately.

3. The ring die granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support disk (13) is connected to the section of the pressure roller main shaft (3) located outside the forming drum (2), a ring disk (14) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the forming drum (2), and a bearing (15) is installed between the support disk (13) and the ring disk.

4. The ring die granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material guide cylinder (6) comprises an inner cylinder body and an outer cylinder body, and the inner wall of the inner cylinder body is connected to a plurality of convex rib plates (18) extending toward the outer cylinder body.

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