Fixed bed carbonization device

Abstract

The present invention provides a fixed bed carbonization device. It includes a combustion kiln and a material storage frame arranged on the top of the combustion kiln; the combustion kiln and the material storage frame are both arranged in a closed cavity; the combustion kiln includes an ignition chamber, a cyclone combustion chamber, a radiation combustion chamber and an annular gap combustion chamber connected in sequence, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of carbon smoke. The present invention arranges a multi-stage series combustion chamber connected to the ignition chamber in the combustion kiln, including a cyclone combustion chamber, a radiation combustion chamber and an annular gap combustion chamber connected in sequence, so that the carbon smoke is fully burned in the multi-stage combustion chamber, and the oxygen content in the combustion exhaust gas can be reduced to an extremely low level, thereby realizing the oxygen-free carbonization of the formed biomass. The carbon generated after the carbonization of the formed biomass is no longer oxidized and lost, reducing the increase of ash on the carbon surface, greatly improving the carbon production and carbon quality; the hot gas after combustion is directly transferred to the material storage frame, and the heat required for carbonization is provided by direct heat transfer. Because the direct heat transfer efficiency is high, fuel consumption can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of formed biomass carbonization, and in particular to a fixed bed carbonization device. Background Art

[0002] In the process of machine-made carbon production, fixed bed carbonization equipment has been widely used because of its good carbon product quality. However, in the production process, there are the following problems:

[0003] 1. Ordinary carbonization devices take in air from the bottom side and release heat from the charcoal oxidation inside the device to provide the heat required for carbonization. Because the air temperature is low and gathers in the lower part, it cannot generate enough heat with the charcoal oxidation combustion inside the carbonization device, resulting in the difficulty in evenly raising the carbonization temperature of the lower bed. The lower bed layer cannot be carbonized due to the low temperature, and the quality is poor.

[0004] Second, ordinary carbonization equipment provides the heat required for carbonization through indirect heat transfer. Because the indirect heat transfer efficiency is low, this will inevitably lead to increased fuel consumption.

[0005] 3. When igniting an ordinary carbonization device, directly opening the carbonization furnace and placing the ignited charcoal in it can easily lead to an explosion.

[0006] 4. Air needs to be added to the carbon smoke during combustion. When the oxygen content in the hot gas after combustion is high, it will burn the surface of the adsorbed biochar, increase the pore size of the carbon, and reduce the adsorption area, thereby reducing the adsorption performance of the carbon, reducing the chemical activity, slowing down the ignition, and increasing the ash content on the surface of the biochar after carbonization.

[0007] In summary, there is an urgent need for a fixed bed carbonization device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a fixed bed carbonization device to solve the problem of poor quality of formed biomass during the carbonization process.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a fixed bed carbonization device, including a combustion kiln and a material storage frame arranged on the top of the combustion kiln; the combustion kiln and the material storage frame are both arranged in a closed cavity; the combustion kiln includes an ignition chamber, a cyclone combustion chamber, a radial combustion chamber and annular gap combustion chamber connected in sequence, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of carbon smoke.

[0010] Preferably, the air outlet pipe of the ignition chamber is tangentially connected to the side wall of the cyclone combustion chamber; the radial combustion chamber includes a central combustion chamber and a plurality of refractory bricks distributed circumferentially along the central combustion chamber, and the bottom of the cyclone combustion chamber is connected to the central combustion chamber; the annular gap combustion chamber is connected to a plurality of air outlet channels formed by a combination of a plurality of refractory bricks, and the hot gas is transmitted to the bottom of the material storage frame.

[0011] Preferably, the combustion kiln also includes a preheating device, which is located in the annular gap combustion chamber; the preheating device includes a first preheating device and a second preheating device; the first preheating device and the second preheating device are both provided with air inlets, respectively used to introduce carbon smoke and air; the first preheating device and the second preheating device are both provided with an air outlet for connecting to the ignition chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the ignition chamber includes a concentric cylinder assembly and two gas pipes; the concentric cylinder assembly includes a plurality of coaxially arranged cylinders, and an N-type airflow channel is formed between the plurality of cylinders; the two gas pipes are tangentially connected to the outer cylinder of the concentric cylinder assembly to realize the connection between the preheating device and the concentric cylinder assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the ignition chamber further comprises an electronic igniter and a charcoal ignition assembly disposed inside the concentric cylinder assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the material storage frame comprises a plurality of rod frames stacked in a height direction; and upper and lower end surfaces of the rod frames are both hollow structures.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom end surface of the rod frame is a spherical end surface that arches upward.

[0016] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the rod frame is provided with a skin, and the connecting edges of adjacent rod frames are provided with moisture drainage holes.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting plate for connecting with an adjacent rod frame is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rod frame, and a positioning pin hole and a lifting groove are provided on the connecting plate.

[0018] Preferably, a fixed bed carbonization device further comprises a sensor for detecting the external temperature of the material storage frame.

[0019] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) In the present invention, a multi-stage series combustion chamber connected to an ignition chamber is arranged in the combustion kiln, including a cyclone combustion chamber, a radial combustion chamber and annular gap combustion chamber connected in sequence. The carbon smoke is fully burned in the multi-stage combustion chamber, and the oxygen content in the combustion exhaust gas can be reduced to an extremely low level, thereby realizing the oxygen-free carbonization of the formed biomass. The charcoal generated after the carbonization of the formed biomass is no longer oxidized and lost, reducing the increase in ash on the surface of the charcoal, greatly improving the charcoal yield and charcoal quality. In the present application, the hot gas after combustion is directly transferred to the storage frame, and the heat required for carbonization is provided by direct heat transfer. Because the direct heat transfer efficiency is high, this will inevitably lead to a reduction in fuel consumption.

[0021] (2) In the present invention, the outlet pipe of the ignition chamber is tangentially connected to the cyclone combustion chamber, so that the burning charcoal smoke enters the cyclone combustion chamber tangentially, and the airflow resistance is small. After the burning charcoal smoke enters the cyclone combustion chamber, a cyclone is formed in the cyclone combustion chamber, so that the airflow is evenly distributed and fully burned; the bottom of the cyclone combustion chamber is connected to the central combustion chamber of the radial combustion chamber, and the cyclone formed inside the cyclone combustion chamber rotates downward and enters the central combustion chamber. A plurality of refractory bricks are evenly distributed along the circumference of the central combustion chamber to form a plurality of radial air outlet channels, so that the airflow flow area gradually increases, and the airflow velocity gradually decreases, It is conducive to the full combustion of carbon smoke and further increases the temperature inside the combustion kiln. Since the heat storage capacity of multiple refractory bricks is large, the combustion of carbon smoke with a low concentration of combustible components can be maintained for a long time, and the burning carbon smoke will not be extinguished quickly; the annular gap combustion chamber is connected to a number of air outlet channels formed by a combination of multiple refractory bricks, and the hot gas is transmitted to the bottom of the storage frame. After the burning carbon smoke enters the annular gap combustion chamber, the combustion space is further increased and the gas flow rate continues to decrease, which is more conducive to the full combustion of carbon smoke, ensuring that the hot gas after combustion enters the storage frame evenly, which is conducive to uniform carbonization reaction.

[0022] (3) In the present invention, the cyclone combustion chamber, the radial combustion chamber and the annular gap combustion chamber are concentrically designed, which makes the combustion kiln structure compact, reduces the space occupied, reduces the construction cost, and is conducive to uniformly radiating heat to the storage frame (i.e., the bed layer) for carbonization reaction, thereby improving the quality of carbon.

[0023] (4) In the present invention, by arranging the preheating device in the annular gap combustion chamber, the gas inside the preheating device is preheated by the hot gas in the annular gap combustion chamber, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the hot gas and facilitating the continuous and stable combustion of the carbon smoke, providing continuous and stable heat for carbonization, thereby improving the quality of the carbon.

[0024] (5) In the present invention, the concentric cylinder assembly of the ignition chamber includes a plurality of coaxially arranged cylinders, and an N-shaped airflow channel is formed between the plurality of cylinders, so that the charcoal smoke and air are evenly mixed during the flow process and are gradually preheated and heated indirectly with the ignited charcoal smoke, which is convenient for ignition and continuous and stable combustion of a small amount of charcoal smoke, and provides continuous and stable heat for the low-temperature section of the carbonization reaction to improve the charcoal quality; two gas pipes are tangentially connected to the outer cylinder of the concentric cylinder assembly to realize the connection between the preheating device and the concentric cylinder assembly, so that the preheated charcoal smoke and air rotate inside the concentric cylinder assembly to achieve even mixing and even flow, which is convenient for ignition and continuous and stable combustion of a small amount of charcoal smoke, and provides continuous and stable heat for the low-temperature section of the carbonization reaction to improve the charcoal quality.

[0025] (6) In the present invention, the ignition chamber includes an electronic igniter and a charcoal ignition assembly arranged inside the concentric cylinder assembly. The charcoal smoke is first ignited by the electronic igniter, and then the charcoal in the charcoal ignition assembly is ignited by the burning charcoal smoke, so that the charcoal continues to burn and serves as a fire source for continuously igniting the charcoal smoke, thereby ensuring the safety of the ignition process.

[0026] (7) In the present invention, the material storage frame includes a plurality of rod frames stacked in the height direction; the upper and lower end surfaces of the rod frames are both hollow structures, which ensure that the formed biomass will not fall while allowing the hot air to flow smoothly, so that the hot air after the combustion of carbon smoke can flow from bottom to top, and the hot air of the lower layer naturally rises and enters the upper layer to increase the temperature, so that the temperature of the upper layer is kept above the dew point, and no liquid precipitation occurs, thereby ensuring the quality of carbonization, and carbonizing the formed biomass inside the multi-layer rod frames.

[0027] (8) In the present invention, a covering is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rod frame, which encloses the material storage frame into a tubular shape, and hot air enters from the bottom and exits from the top. With the help of the "chimney effect", the hot air entering from the bottom of the material storage frame rises evenly in the bed layer, so that the formed biomass can undergo a uniform carbonization reaction, thereby making the quality of the charcoal more stable; the connecting edges of adjacent rod frames are provided with moisture-draining holes for dehumidifying the carbonization reaction, which can timely discharge the steam generated by the reaction, ensuring that the carbonization reaction in the rod frame is carried out evenly and slowly, thereby ensuring better charcoal quality and lower charcoal cost.

[0028] (9) In the present invention, the bottom end face of the rod frame is a spherical end face that arches upward. The bottom of the rod frame includes a plurality of arc-shaped bottom arch pieces and a support ring clamped on the bottom arch piece. The spherical end face is formed by combining the arc-shaped bottom arch piece and the support ring, which can improve the load-bearing capacity of the bottom end face of the rod frame. When heated, the bottom end face will evenly expand toward the outer circumferential surface of the spherical end face. The ring spacing between the support rings remains unchanged, and the formed biomass will not fall due to the expansion of the spacing.

[0029] (10) In the present invention, a sensor for detecting the external temperature of the material storage frame is provided to monitor the temperature of key points.

[0030] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fixed bed carbonization device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2This is an AA view of a fixed bed carbonization device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a BB view of a fixed bed carbonization device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ignition chamber in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 CC view;

[0037] Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 The structural diagram of the middle storage frame;

[0038] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 6 D-direction view;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top rod frame in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Among them, 1. Combustion kiln, 1.1. Ignition chamber, 1.1.1. Air outlet pipe, 1.1.2. Concentric cylinder assembly, 1.1.3. Air pipe, 1.1.4. Electronic igniter, 1.1.5. Charcoal ignition assembly, 1.2. Cyclone combustion chamber, 1.3. Radial combustion chamber, 1.3.1. Central combustion chamber, 1.3.2. Refractory bricks, 1.4. Annular gap combustion chamber, 1.5. Preheating device, 1.5.1. First preheating device, 1.5.2. Second preheating device, 2. Storage frame, 2.1. Rod frame, 2.1.1. Top plate, 2.1.2. Dehumidification hole, 2.1.3. Connecting plate, 2.1.4. Support ring, 2.1.5. Bottom arch plate, 2.1.6. Top arch plate, 3. Sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0042] Example:

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 8 , a fixed bed carbonization device, this embodiment is applied to the carbonization of molded biomass.

[0044] A fixed bed carbonization device, see Figure 1, including a combustion kiln 1 and a material storage frame 2 arranged on the top of the combustion kiln 1; the combustion kiln 1 and the material storage frame 2 are both arranged in a closed cavity with a top cover; the combustion kiln 1 includes an ignition chamber 1.1, a cyclone combustion chamber 1.2, a radiation combustion chamber 1.3 and an annular gap combustion chamber 1.4 which are connected in sequence. After the carbon smoke is ignited in the ignition chamber 1.1, it is fully burned in the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2, the radiation combustion chamber 1.3 and the annular gap combustion chamber 1.4 to improve the combustion efficiency of the carbon smoke, and can reduce the oxygen content in the hot gas generated after combustion to an extremely low level, thereby realizing oxygen-free carbonization, and the carbon is no longer oxidized and lost, which greatly improves the carbon yield.

[0045] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The outlet pipe 1.1.1 of the ignition chamber 1.1 is tangentially connected to the side wall of the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2, so that the burning carbon smoke enters the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2 tangentially, and the airflow resistance is small. After the burning carbon smoke enters the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2, a cyclone is formed in the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2, so that the airflow is evenly distributed and fully burned; the radial combustion chamber 1.3 includes a central combustion chamber 1.3.1 and a plurality of refractory bricks 1.3.2 distributed circumferentially along the central combustion chamber 1.3.1. The bottom of the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2 is connected to the central combustion chamber 1.3.1. The cyclone formed inside the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2 rotates downward into the central combustion chamber 1.3.1. Multiple refractory bricks 1.3.2 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the central combustion chamber 1.3.1 to form a number of radial air outlet channels. In the air outlet channels, the air flow area gradually increases and the air flow velocity gradually decreases, which is conducive to the full combustion of the carbon smoke and further increases the temperature inside the combustion kiln 1. Since the heat storage capacity of the multiple refractory bricks 1.3.2 is large, the combustion of carbon smoke with a low concentration of combustible components can be maintained for a long time, so that the burning carbon smoke will not be extinguished quickly. The annular gap combustion chamber 1.4 is connected to a plurality of gas outlet channels formed by a combination of a plurality of refractory bricks 1.3.2, and the hot gas is transmitted to the bottom of the storage frame 2. After the burning carbon smoke enters the annular gap combustion chamber 1.4, the combustion space is further increased and the gas flow rate continues to decrease, which is more conducive to the full combustion of the carbon smoke, ensuring that the hot gas after combustion enters the storage frame 2 evenly, which is conducive to the uniform carbonization reaction of the formed biomass in the storage frame 2 and reducing the ash generated on the carbon surface due to the high oxygen content in the hot gas.

[0046] In this embodiment, the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2, the radial combustion chamber 1.3 and the annular gap combustion chamber 1.4 are concentrically designed, so that the combustion kiln 1 has a compact structure, reduces the space occupied and the construction cost, and is conducive to radiating heat evenly to the storage frame 2 (i.e., the bed layer) for carbonization reaction, thereby improving the quality of carbon.

[0047] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3The combustion kiln 1 also includes a preheating device 1.5, which is located in the annular gap combustion chamber 1.4 and is concentrically arranged with the annular gap combustion chamber 1.4. The preheating device 1.5 can be designed with a concentric ring or a regular polygonal structure; the preheating device 1.5 includes a first preheating device 1.5.1 and a second preheating device 1.5.2; the first preheating device 1.5.1 and the second preheating device 1.5.2 are both provided with air inlets, which are used to introduce carbon smoke and air respectively. The gas inside the preheating device 1.5 is preheated by the hot gas in the annular gap combustion chamber 1.4, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the hot gas and the continuous and stable combustion of the carbon smoke, providing continuous and stable heat for carbonization, so as to improve the quality of carbon; the first preheating device 1.5.1 and the second preheating device 1.5.2 are both provided with an outlet for connecting to the ignition chamber 1.1 ( Figure 3 Only the connection relationship between one of the preheating devices 1.5 and the ignition chamber 1.1 is shown in the figure), which is used to input the preheated carbon smoke and air into the ignition chamber 1.1.

[0048] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 The ignition chamber 1.1 includes a concentric cylinder assembly 1.1.2 and two gas delivery pipes 1.1.3. The two gas delivery pipes 1.1.3 are respectively used to connect with the first preheating device 1.5.1 and the second preheating device 1.5.2 to respectively input the preheated carbon smoke and air; the concentric cylinder assembly 1.1.2 includes a plurality of coaxially arranged cylinders, and an N-shaped airflow channel (such as Figure 3 The carbon smoke and air are mixed evenly during the flow and are gradually preheated with the ignited carbon smoke indirectly, which is convenient for ignition and continuous and stable combustion of small-flow carbon smoke, and provides continuous and stable heat for the low-temperature section of the carbonization reaction to improve the carbon quality; the two gas pipes 1.1.3 are tangentially connected to the outer cylinder of the concentric cylinder assembly 1.1.2, which are used to realize the connection between the preheating device 1.5 (i.e. the first preheating device 1.5.1 and the second preheating device 1.5.2) and the concentric cylinder assembly 1.1.2, so that the preheated carbon smoke and air rotate inside the concentric cylinder assembly 1.1.2 to achieve uniform mixing and uniform flow, which is convenient for ignition and continuous and stable combustion of small-flow carbon smoke, and provides continuous and stable heat for the low-temperature section of the carbonization reaction to improve the carbon quality.

[0049] The ignition chamber 1.1 also includes an electronic igniter 1.1.4 and a charcoal ignition assembly 1.1.5 arranged inside the concentric cylinder assembly 1.1.2, wherein the charcoal ignition assembly 1.1.5 includes a combustible charcoal and a fixed assembly of charcoal; the charcoal smoke is first ignited by the electronic igniter 1.1.4, and then the charcoal in the charcoal ignition assembly 1.1.5 is ignited by the burning charcoal smoke, so that the charcoal continues to burn and serves as a fire source for continuously igniting the charcoal smoke; the traditional ignition method is to put the ignited charcoal into a combustible mixed gas, and when the combustion furnace is opened to put in the burning charcoal, an explosion may be caused; in the present application, the combustible charcoal smoke is first ignited by the electronic igniter 1.1.4, and then the charcoal in the charcoal ignition assembly 1.1.5 is ignited, and there is no need to open the combustion kiln 1, thereby ensuring the safety of ignition.

[0050] See also Figures 6 to 8 The storage frame 2 includes a plurality of rod frames 2.1 stacked in the height direction; the upper and lower end surfaces of the rod frames 2.1 are both hollow structures, which ensure that the formed biomass will not fall and allow the hot air to flow smoothly. Figure 7 As shown, the hot gas after the combustion of the soot can flow from bottom to top to evenly carbonize the formed biomass inside the multi-layer rod frame 2.1.

[0051] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 The bottom end face of the rod frame 2.1 is a spherical end face that arches upward. The bottom of the rod frame 2.1 includes a plurality of arc-shaped bottom arch pieces 2.1.5 and a support ring 2.1.4 that is clamped on the bottom arch piece 2.1.5. A plurality of support rings 2.1.4 with different diameters are concentrically arranged. The plurality of arc-shaped bottom arch pieces 2.1.5 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the support ring 2.1.4. The spherical end face is formed by combining the arc-shaped bottom arch piece 2.1.5 and the support ring 2.1.4, which can improve the bearing capacity of the bottom end face of the rod frame 2.1. The bottom end face will evenly expand toward the outer cylindrical surface of the spherical end face when heated. The support ring 2.1.4 is clamped in the clamping groove on the bottom arch piece 2.1.5, so that the ring spacing between adjacent support rings 2.1.4 remains unchanged, and the formed biomass will not fall due to the expansion of the spacing. In order to facilitate the stacking of the rod frames 2.1 and reduce the height of the stacked rod frames 2.1, the top end face of the rod frame 2.1 is also a spherical end face, and the top of the rod frame 2.1 is provided with a plurality of top arch pieces 2.1.6 evenly arranged along the circumference of the rod frame 2.1, and the curvature of the top arch piece 2.1.6 matches the bottom end face of the rod frame 2.1. In order to facilitate the placement of the formed biomass, the number and spacing of the top arch pieces 2.1.6 can be set according to the specifications of the formed biomass, and the top arch piece 2.1.6 is provided with a hollow top piece 2.1.1 whose curvature matches the bottom end face of the rod frame 2.1.

[0052] The outer circumferential surface of the rod frame 2.1 is provided with a skin, which surrounds the storage frame 2 into a tubular shape, and the hot air enters from the bottom and exits from the top. With the help of the "chimney effect", the hot air entering from the bottom of the storage frame 2 rises evenly in the bed layer, so that the formed biomass undergoes a uniform carbonization reaction, thereby making the quality of the charcoal more stable.

[0053] The connecting edges of adjacent rod frames 2.1 are provided with dehumidification holes 2.1.2 for dehumidification of the carbonization reaction, which can timely discharge the steam generated by the reaction, ensuring that the carbonization reaction in the rod frame 2.1 proceeds evenly and slowly, thereby ensuring better carbon quality and lower carbon cost. In this embodiment, the dehumidification holes 2.1.2 are provided at the upper edge of the rod frame 2.1.

[0054] The outer circumferential surface of the rod frame 2.1 is provided with a connecting plate 2.1.3 for connecting with the adjacent rod frame 2.1, and the connecting plate 2.1.3 is provided with a positioning pin hole and a lifting groove. In this embodiment, two types of connecting plates 2.1.3 are provided on the rod frame 2.1. The connecting plate 2.1.3 located at the upper part of the rod frame 2.1 is provided with a positioning pin hole and a lifting groove, and the connecting plate 2.1.3 located at the lower part of the rod frame 2.1 is only provided with a positioning pin hole (in order to maintain the stability of the rod frame during lifting, the lifting point is usually set at the upper part of the rod frame 2.1). When connecting the rod frames 2.1, align the positioning pin holes on the lower connecting plate 2.1.3 of the upper rod frame 2.1 with the positioning pin holes on the upper connecting plate 2.1.3 of the lower rod frame 2.1, insert the pin shaft to achieve connection, so that the adjacent rod frames 2.1 form a whole.

[0055] Since the highest temperature of the carbonization reaction can reach or exceed 1000°C, the rod frame 2.1 must withstand high temperatures for a long time without basically deforming, otherwise the molded biomass will fall if it deforms too much, and the maintenance cost of the rod frame 2.1 will also increase significantly. The liquid precipitated from the carbon smoke is acidic, with a pH value of up to 2.5, so the rod frame 2.1 must be corrosion-resistant. Since high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials are quite expensive, and in order to facilitate lifting, the rod frame 2.1 must be as light as possible; therefore, in this application, stainless steel is used as the material for the rod frame 2.1, and a spherical load-bearing grid design is used at the bottom of the rod frame 2.1, which has higher temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, lighter weight, and longer service life, greatly reducing the production cost and maintenance workload of the rod frame 2.1.

[0056] See also Figure 1 A fixed bed carbonization device also includes a sensor 3 for detecting the external temperature of the storage frame 2. In this embodiment, thermocouples are provided at the front, rear, left and right positions of the closed cavity. The thermocouples at each position are obliquely inserted into the closed cavity to monitor the temperature of key points. The installation and maintenance are convenient, no additional space is occupied, and the opening of the top cover of the closed cavity and the lifting of the storage frame 2 are not affected.

[0057] The method of using the above-mentioned fixed bed carbonization device is as follows: put the formed biomass into the rod frame 2.1, stack multiple rod frames 2.1, hoist the storage frame 2 as a whole into the closed cavity, place the storage frame 2 on the top of the combustion kiln 1, seal the top of the closed cavity, and turn on the sensor 3 for temperature monitoring;

[0058] The charcoal smoke and air are respectively introduced into the first preheating device 1.5.1 and the second preheating device 1.5.2 (the charcoal smoke and air can be preheated initially by an external heat source, and then preheated by the hot gas in the annular combustion chamber 1.4), and then respectively introduced into the ignition chamber 1.1 through two gas pipes 1.1.3, and the electronic igniter 1.1.4 is started to burn the mixed charcoal smoke (the mixed gas of charcoal smoke and air), and ignite the charcoal in the charcoal ignition component 1.1.5;

[0059] The burned charcoal smoke flows through the cyclone combustion chamber 1.2, the radial combustion chamber 1.3 and the annular gap combustion chamber 1.4, and after being fully burned, the oxygen in the mixed charcoal smoke is exhausted. The hot gas generated after the combustion enters the storage frame 2, and the formed biomass in the rod frame 2.1 is evenly carbonized from bottom to top, and can be taken out after the carbonization time is met.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed bed carbonization device, characterized in that: The combustion kiln (1) comprises a combustion kiln (1) and a material storage frame (2) arranged on the top of the combustion kiln (1); the combustion kiln (1) and the material storage frame (2) are both arranged in a closed cavity; the combustion kiln (1) comprises an ignition chamber (1.1), a cyclone combustion chamber (1.2), a radiation combustion chamber (1.3) and an annular gap combustion chamber (1.4) which are connected in sequence, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of carbon smoke; The combustion kiln (1) further comprises a preheating device (1.5), wherein the preheating device (1.5) is located in the annular combustion chamber (1.4); the preheating device (1.5) comprises a first preheating device (1.5.1) and a second preheating device (1.5.2); the first preheating device (1.5.1) and the second preheating device (1.5.2) are both provided with air inlets, respectively used for introducing carbon smoke and air; the first preheating device (1.5.1) and the second preheating device (1.5.2) are both provided with air outlets for connecting to the ignition chamber (1.1); The material storage frame (2) comprises a plurality of rod frames (2.1) stacked in a height direction; the upper and lower end surfaces of the rod frames (2.1) are both hollow structures; The air outlet pipe (1.1.1) of the ignition chamber (1.1) is tangentially connected to the side wall of the cyclone combustion chamber (1.2); the radial combustion chamber (1.3) comprises a central combustion chamber (1.3.1) and a plurality of refractory bricks (1.3.2) distributed circumferentially along the central combustion chamber (1.3.1), and the bottom of the cyclone combustion chamber (1.2) is connected to the central combustion chamber (1.3.1); the annular gap combustion chamber (1.4) is connected to a plurality of air outlet channels formed by a combination of a plurality of refractory bricks (1.3.2), and transmits hot gas to the bottom of the material storage frame (2).

2. A fixed bed carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition chamber (1.1) comprises a concentric cylinder assembly (1.1.2) and two gas delivery pipes (1.1.3); the concentric cylinder assembly (1.1.2) comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged cylinders, and an N-shaped airflow channel is formed between the plurality of cylinders; the two gas delivery pipes (1.1.3) are tangentially connected to the outer cylinder of the concentric cylinder assembly (1.1.2) to achieve connection between the preheating device (1.5) and the concentric cylinder assembly (1.1.2).

3. A fixed bed carbonization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ignition chamber (1.1) further comprises an electronic igniter (1.1.4) and a charcoal ignition assembly (1.1.5) which are arranged inside the concentric cylinder assembly (1.1.2).

4. A fixed bed carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the rod frame (2.1) is a spherical end surface that arches upward.

5. The fixed bed carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the rod frame (2.1) is provided with a skin, and the connecting edges of adjacent rod frames (2.1) are provided with moisture drainage holes (2.1.2).

6. The fixed bed carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate (2.1.3) for connecting to an adjacent rod frame (2.1) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rod frame (2.1), and a positioning pin hole and a lifting groove are provided on the connecting plate (2.1.3).

7. The fixed bed carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor (3) for detecting the external temperature of the material storage frame (2).

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