Circulating fixed bed

Abstract

The present application discloses a circulating fixed bed for the cyclic production of carbon materials, which comprises a temperature control body, at least one temperature control section reactor, and a controller. At least part of the reactor is located within the temperature control body, and the temperature control body controls the temperature of each temperature control section reactor. The reactor comprises a rotating body and an AB tube. The AB tube includes an A tube and a B tube, and the A tube and the B tube are sleeved with each other and move relative to each other. The controller controls the material to enter the AB tube for reaction to generate carbon materials, and the controller controls the rotation of the rotating body to drive the A tube to rotate relative to the B tube for feeding and discharging. The A tube rotates relative to the B tube at different angles in a cycle to achieve the cyclic production of carbon materials. The present application can solve the problems of inability to save energy and protect the environment, and high yield and homogeneous quality in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the chemical industry field, and particularly relates to a circulating fixed bed. Background Art

[0002] Compared with fluidized beds, fixed beds have the advantages of controllable heating gas source time and stable growth. However, due to inconvenient operation, single structure, long time, uneven production quality and other reasons, it is still difficult to achieve large-scale industrialization.

[0003] The preparation of carbon materials often requires a high temperature of over 600 degrees Celsius. The extremely long time required for heating, constant temperature, and cooling in a single preparation restricts its output. Moreover, there are problems such as difficulty in separating carbon sources in various mixtures, waste of high-temperature exhaust gas emissions, and uneven quality of carbon materials.

[0004] At present, there is no reliable device for fixed beds to achieve sufficient reaction and energy-saving cyclic preparation, which is extremely important especially for areas rich in natural gas reserves in the western region. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to research fixed beds with energy conservation, environmental protection, high yield, and high quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a circulating fixed bed, which can solve the problems of inability to save energy, protect the environment, achieve high yield, and have uniform quality in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] A circulating fixed bed for cyclic production of carbon materials, comprising a temperature control body, at least one temperature control section reactor, and a controller. At least part of the reactor is located within the temperature control body, and the temperature control body controls the temperature of each temperature control section reactor;

[0008] The reactor includes a rotating body and an AB tube. The AB tube includes an A tube and a B tube, and the A tube and the B tube are sleeved with each other and move relative to each other;

[0009] The controller controls the material to enter the AB tube for reaction to generate carbon materials. The controller controls the rotation of the rotating body to drive the A tube to rotate relative to the B tube for feeding and discharging, and the A tube rotates relative to the B tube at different angles cyclically to achieve cyclic production of carbon materials.

[0010] Preferably, the exhaust gas at the outlet of the AB tube is communicated with the temperature control body for auxiliary heating of the reactor.

[0011] Preferably, the AB tube includes at least one set of feeding and discharging ports for feeding and discharging the material.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature control body includes a main heating source and an auxiliary heating source, and the auxiliary heating source is the exhaust gas heating.

[0013] Preferably, the material at least includes a carbon-containing substance and a catalyst. The carbon-containing substance includes ethanol, methane, ethylene glycol, and propylene. The catalyst includes iron oxide, iron nitrate, nickel, etc.

[0014] The carbon material includes carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite.

[0015] Preferably, the controller includes a temperature controller and a circulation controller. The temperature controller is a device for controlling the temperature control body to adjust the temperature of each reactor section. The circulation controller is a device for controlling the material to enter and exit the reactor.

[0016] Preferably, each temperature-controlled section reactor is connected in series with each other, or multiple fixed beds of a single temperature-controlled section reactor (20) are connected in series to achieve temperature section control, so that the materials of this type can be fully preheated or reacted by cracking.

[0017] Preferably, the rotating body includes a pneumatic rotating device, a hydraulic rotating device, or an electric rotating device;

[0018] The pneumatic rotating device is a device that rotates the A tube through gas.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, at least one temperature-controlled section reactor is adopted. For a variety of mixed gases, the temperature values of various gases can be adjusted to fully crack them, saving materials. For a single gas source, sufficient preheating can be achieved to shorten the reaction time; the relative movement of the A and B tubes is adopted to control the circulation of the feed and discharge, making it large-scale and industrialized, shortening the production cycle, and being intelligent with high output; the waste gas residual heat is used to assist in heating the reactor, making the secondary utilization of energy more efficient, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving; at the same time, the rotation can also be driven by the waste gas. The overall structure is simple, reliable, and efficient. It not only enables the materials to react fully and be fully utilized, but also realizes the recyclability of the fixed bed. At the same time, controlling the rotation of the A and B tubes can also make the reaction more complete and the heat and mass transfer of substances more uniform, allowing more materials to be added, and the quality of the carbon material to be better and more uniform. The present application can solve the problems of inability to save energy, protect the environment, and achieve high yield and homogeneity in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the circulating fixed bed in the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circulating fixed bed reactor in the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a structure of the A and B tubes in the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is another schematic diagram of the structure of the A and B tubes in the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a series connection structure of multiple fixed beds in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals

[0026] 10, temperature control body; 20, reactor; 21, rotating body; 22, AB tube; 221, A tube; 222, B tube; 23, collector; 30, controller Detailed implementation manners

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or multiple. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0029] Next, the circulating fixed bed provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0030] See Figures 1-5 , the embodiments of the present application provide a circulating fixed bed for circulating production of carbon materials, including a temperature control body 10, at least one temperature control section reactor 20, and a controller 30. At least part of the reactor 20 is located within the temperature control body 10, and the temperature control body 10 controls the temperature of each temperature control section reactor 20;

[0031] The reactor 20 includes a rotating body 21 and an AB tube 22. The AB tube 22 includes an A tube 221 and a B tube 222. The A tube 221 and the B tube 222 are sleeved with each other and move relative to each other;

[0032] The controller 30 controls the material to enter the AB tube 22 for reaction to generate carbon materials. The controller 30 controls the rotation of the rotating body 21 to drive the A tube 221 to rotate relative to the B tube 222 for feeding and discharging. The A tube 221 rotates relative to the B tube 222 at different angles in a cycle to realize the cyclic production of carbon materials.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, at least one temperature-controlled section reactor 20 is adopted. For various mixed gases, the temperature values of various gases can be adjusted to enable sufficient cracking, saving materials. For a single gas source, sufficient preheating can be achieved to accelerate the reaction time; the AB tubes 22 move relative to each other to control the feeding and discharging cycles, making it large-scale and industrialized, shortening the production cycle, being intelligent, and having high output; the waste gas residual heat is used to assist in heating the reactor to make the secondary utilization of energy more efficient, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving; at the same time, rotation can also be driven by waste gas. The overall structure is simple, reliable, and efficient. It not only enables the material to react fully and be fully utilized, but also realizes the recyclability of the fixed bed. At the same time, controlling the rotation of the AB tubes 22 can also make the reaction more complete and the heat and mass transfer of substances more uniform, allowing more materials to be added, and the carbon materials to have better quality and be more uniform. The present application can solve the problems in the prior art that it is impossible to save energy, protect the environment, and achieve high yield and homogeneous quality.

[0034] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the at least one temperature-controlled section reactor 20 means that it may include one temperature-controlled section reactor 20 or may include multiple temperature-controlled section reactors 20. When including one temperature-controlled section reactor 20, the controller 30 can only adjust one temperature, while multiple temperature-controlled section reactors 20 can control multiple different temperatures.

[0035] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, multiple temperature-controlled sections are controlled independently and connected to each other to ensure the connectivity of the gas source.

[0036] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, when the reactor 20 has one temperature-controlled section, multiple fixed beds in series can be adopted to achieve temperature zone control.

[0037] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the A tube 221 and the B tube 222 move relative to each other and are sleeved with each other. The A tube can be on the outside or inside, and it can rotate on the outside or inside.

[0038] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the material is not limited to a gas source, and can also be a liquid or solid particles. Examples of gas sources include alkanes, hydrocarbons, and can also be carbon dioxide, etc. Liquids can be ethanol, ethylene glycol, aqueous solutions, etc. Solid particles can be oxides, compounds, mixtures, etc. of iron, cobalt, nickel, etc.

[0039] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the position of the feed inlet is not limited. Generally, the gas source enters and exits from both ends of the AB pipe 22, and solids or liquids or solids containing the gas source can be added at positions on the side wall of the pipe to facilitate feeding and discharging.

[0040] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the generated carbon material is sent out through the inlet and outlet. The size of the inlet and outlet is not limited, and the sent carbon material enters the collector 23 for collection.

[0041] Among them, the collector 23 is controlled by the controller 30 and is connected to the AB pipe.

[0042] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, "repeating in cycles" refers to repeating the reaction cycle. After the reaction is completed, the material is sent out by rotation, and new material to be reacted is filled in. The temperature remains unchanged, and the reaction continues without operations such as heating up or cooling down.

[0043] Among them, the A pipe 221 rotates relative to the B pipe 222. During the reaction process, the A pipe 221 can rotate slowly to ensure that the materials such as the catalyst in the A pipe 221 react fully, enabling the catalyst on the bottom surface to also play a role. In this way, more catalyst can be added in this reactor, resulting in a greater output. At the same time, the heat transfer on each catalyst particle is more uniform, and the quality of the grown carbon material is higher and more uniform.

[0044] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the A pipe 221 may also not rotate relative to the B pipe 222 during the reaction process, and the A pipe 221 and the B pipe 222 rotate relative to each other after the reaction is completed to realize the replacement of new and old materials.

[0045] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the A pipe 221 may also rotate periodically in the forward and reverse directions relative to the B pipe 222 during the reaction process to make the particles or liquid move and react fully.

[0046] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the A pipe 221 and the B pipe 222 can be in a C shape. When the two rotate to align the apertures, the carbon material is sent out, and when they are not aligned, the material is fed for reaction.

[0047] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the A pipe 221 and the B pipe 222 can also be in a plate shape and a barrel shape respectively. The A pipe 221 divides the B pipe 222 into two parts, one of which is used as the reaction area, and the other is used for feeding and discharging. The rotation of the plate-shaped structure realizes cyclic production.

[0048] Preferably, the tail gas at the outlet of the AB pipe 22 is connected to the temperature control body 10 for auxiliary heating of the reactor 20.

[0049] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the tail gas assisted heating utilizes its residual heat to save energy, and the tail gas can be collected or separated after being discharged.

[0050] Preferably, the AB tube 22 includes at least one set of inlet and outlet for the material to enter and exit.

[0051] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of including at least one set means that there are an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends of the AB tube 22. If other solids or liquids need to be added, an inlet needs to be added, and if the generated carbon material needs to be taken out, an outlet needs to be added. Of course, the newly added inlet and outlet can be the same.

[0052] Preferably, the temperature control body 10 includes a main heating source and an auxiliary heating source, and the auxiliary heating source is the tail gas heating.

[0053] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the main heating source can adopt the current general technology on the market, such as heating wires, electromagnetism, etc., while the auxiliary heating can adopt tail gas heating. To better control the required temperature, a temperature sensor needs to be added to monitor the current temperature in real time. On the basis of the auxiliary heating, the main heating source supplements the heating and automatically stops when the set temperature is met, and controls in real time to maintain the temperature.

[0054] Preferably, the material at least includes carbon-containing substances and catalysts. The carbon-containing substances include ethanol, methane, ethylene glycol, and propylene, and the catalysts include iron oxide, iron nitrate, nickel, etc.

[0055] The carbon material includes carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite.

[0056] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the carbon-containing substances are not limited to the above-mentioned alkanes and hydrocarbons, and the catalyst is a substance that can catalyze the carbon source, and commonly used ones are iron, cobalt, nickel or substances containing their elements.

[0057] Preferably, the controller 30 includes a temperature controller and a circulation controller. The temperature controller is a device that controls the temperature control body 10 to adjust the temperature of each reactor 20, and the circulation controller is a device that controls the material to enter and exit the reactor 20.

[0058] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the controller 30 is a program storage device with programmable capabilities, and can control the required targets according to the program settings and directly act on the actuator. For example, temperature, movement, flow rate, etc.

[0059] Preferably, each temperature control section reactor 20 is connected in series with each other or multiple fixed beds of a single temperature control section reactor (20) are connected in series to achieve temperature segmentation control so that at least one of the materials is fully preheated or reacted by cracking.

[0060] The series connection means that the reactors 20 are interconnected. By increasing different temperature control sections, sufficient preheating and cracking of the same gas and purification of multiple mixed gases can be achieved.

[0061] The cracking of at least one material means that when the mined natural gas consists of multiple gases such as methane, ethane, and propane, and the cracking temperatures of different types of gases are different, multi-stage temperature control can be used to crack different types of gases sequentially, fully react, and then be purified.

[0062] It should be noted that when setting multi-stage temperatures, the temperatures should be set from low to high in the order of gas inlet. This can prevent the reaction of gases that do not need to be cracked.

[0063] Among them, multiple fixed beds connected in series can be used to achieve different temperature adjustments for multiple segments. Similarly, within the same fixed bed, multiple controllable temperature sections can also be included to achieve segmented temperature adjustment of the reactor.

[0064] It should be noted that when multiple fixed beds are connected in series to achieve temperature control, the final tail gas can be split and connected to each fixed bed in turn to achieve auxiliary temperature control of each fixed bed.

[0065] Preferably, the rotating body 21 includes a pneumatic rotating device or a hydraulic rotating device or an electric rotating device;

[0066] The pneumatic rotating device is a device that rotates the A pipe 221 through gas.

[0067] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, pneumatic is preferably selected because in a high-temperature environment, pneumatic is more effective, and the tail gas can be controlled to achieve more energy conservation, environmental protection, and reuse.

[0068] Hydraulic is achieved by using liquid, and electric uses electricity as the rotation power.

[0069] The working principle and process of the present invention are as follows:

[0070] First, set the temperatures of the reactors in different temperature control sections, introduce the gas source, add the catalyst after reaching the required temperature, and set the reaction time and the number of cycles.

[0071] Then, after reaching the reaction time, the AB pipe 22 automatically responds to achieve discharging and feeding, and then the reaction is carried out in a cycle. After the tail gas is discharged, it enters the auxiliary heating zone and acts together with the main heater to complete temperature control.

[0072] Finally, the produced discharged carbon materials are collected intermittently.

[0073] It should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising that element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0074] The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art, under the inspiration of the present application and without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Circulating fixed bed, characterized in that, For cyclic production of carbon materials, it includes a temperature control body (10), at least one temperature control section reactor (20), and a controller (30). The reactor (20) is at least partially within the temperature control body (10), and the temperature control body (10) controls the temperature of each temperature control section reactor (20). The reactor (20) includes a rotating body (21) and an AB tube (22). The AB tube (22) includes an A tube (221) and a B tube (222). The A tube (221) and the B tube (222) are sleeved with each other and move relative to each other. The controller (30) controls the material to enter the AB tube (22) for reaction to generate carbon materials. The controller (30) controls the rotation of the rotating body (21) to drive the A tube (221) to rotate relative to the B tube (222) for feeding and discharging. The A tube (221) rotates relative to the B tube (222) at different angles cyclically to achieve cyclic production of carbon materials. The tail gas at the outlet of the AB tube communicates with the temperature control body (10) for auxiliary heating of the reactor (20). The temperature control body (10) includes a main heating source and an auxiliary heating source, and the auxiliary heating source is tail gas heating. The A tube (221) and the B tube (222) are in a C shape. When their apertures are aligned, carbon materials are sent out. When they are not aligned, materials are fed for reaction. The AB tube (22) includes at least one set of feeding and discharging ports for feeding and discharging the materials.

2. The circulating fixed bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials at least include carbon-containing substances and catalysts. The carbon-containing substances include ethanol, methane, ethylene glycol, and propylene. The catalysts include iron oxide, iron nitrate, and nickel. The carbon materials include carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite.

3. The circulating fixed bed according to claim 1, wherein The controller (30) includes a temperature controller and a circulation controller. The temperature controller is a device for controlling the temperature control body (10) to adjust the temperature of each section of the reactor (20). The circulation controller is a device for controlling the feeding and discharging of the materials into and out of the reactor (20).

4. The circulating fixed bed according to claim 1, wherein, Each temperature control section reactor (20) is connected in series with each other, or multiple fixed beds of a single temperature control section reactor (20) are connected in series to achieve temperature sectional control, so that at least one of the materials is pyrolyzed with sufficient preheating or reaction.

5. The circulating fixed bed according to claim 1, wherein, The rotating body (21) includes a pneumatic rotating device, a hydraulic rotating device, or an electric rotating device. The pneumatic rotating device is a device that rotates the A tube (221) through gas.

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