Laser cladding device with gas protection device

Abstract

A laser cladding device with a gas protection device comprises a multi-beam laser generating device composed of a bracket, a bracket outer cover and an optical component, a guide column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the multi-beam laser generating device, the guide column is connected to a support frame, the support frame is connected to a cladding nozzle, a gas guide sleeve is arranged outside the cladding nozzle, and a first protective gas cavity is formed between the nozzle body of the cladding nozzle and the sleeve wall of the gas guide sleeve; a bracket airway is provided inside the bracket, the outer end of the bracket airway is connected to the first gas nozzle, a guide column airway is provided inside the guide column, a bracket air hole is provided on the support frame, and a cladding nozzle air hole is provided on the cladding nozzle, the first gas nozzle, the bracket airway, the guide column airway, the support frame air hole and the cladding nozzle air hole are sequentially connected and connected to the first protective gas cavity. The present invention can introduce protective gas into the cladding nozzle outlet and the surface of the cladding layer, not only preventing the cladding material from leaving the nozzle outlet to generate oxidation, but also preventing the cladding layer from generating oxidation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, and in particular relates to a laser cladding device. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding (also known as laser melting or laser cladding) is a new surface modification technology. It forms a metallurgically bonded cladding layer on the surface of the base by adding cladding material to the surface of the base material and using a high-energy-density laser beam to melt it together with a thin layer on the surface of the base material.

[0003] Characteristics of laser cladding: The cladding layer has low dilution but strong bonding force, and is metallurgically bonded to the substrate, which can significantly improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance or electrical properties of the substrate surface, thereby achieving the purpose of surface modification or repair, meeting the specific performance requirements of the material surface and saving a lot of material costs. Compared with traditional surface treatment technologies such as surfacing, thermal spraying, and electroplating, it has many advantages, such as a wide range of applicable material systems, controllable cladding layer dilution rate, metallurgical bonding between the cladding layer and the substrate, small thermal deformation of the substrate, and easy automation of the process.

[0004] From the current application of laser cladding, it is mainly used in three aspects: 1. Surface modification of materials, such as gas turbine blades, rollers, gears, etc. 2. Surface repair of products, such as rotors, molds, etc. 3. Laser additive manufacturing, through synchronous powder feeding or wire feeding, layer-by-layer laser cladding is performed to obtain parts with three-dimensional structures. Since the 1980s, laser cladding technology has received widespread attention at home and abroad and has been applied in many industrial fields.

[0005] Laser cladding can be roughly divided into two categories according to the supply method of cladding materials, namely preset laser cladding and synchronous laser cladding. The cladding materials involved mainly include titanium alloys, copper alloys, granular metal matrix composite materials, etc. In order to prevent the oxidation of alloy materials during laser cladding (titanium alloy cladding materials begin to melt at a temperature of 400 degrees), resulting in a decrease in mechanical properties, it is necessary to provide inert gas for protection during the cladding process. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cladding device with a gas protection device, which can directly introduce the protective gas into the surface of the cladding layer to prevent the cladding layer and the heat-affected zone from being oxidized and affecting the performance. At the same time, it can prevent the oxidation problem caused when the cladding material leaves the nozzle outlet.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A laser cladding device with a gas protection device comprises a multi-beam laser generating device consisting of a bracket, a bracket outer cover and an optical component, wherein a guide column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the multi-beam laser generating device, the guide column is connected to a support frame, the support frame is connected to a cladding nozzle, a gas guide sleeve is arranged outside the cladding nozzle, a first protective gas cavity is formed between the nozzle body part of the cladding nozzle and the sleeve wall of the gas guide sleeve, the nozzle body end of the cladding nozzle is located in the gas guide sleeve, a spacing is left between the nozzle body end and the sleeve body end of the gas guide sleeve, and the spacing can partially envelop the cladding material extending out of the cladding nozzle; a bracket air channel is opened inside the bracket, the outer end of the bracket air channel is connected to the first gas nozzle, a guide column air channel is opened inside the guide column, a bracket air hole is opened on the support frame, and a cladding nozzle air hole is opened on the cladding nozzle, the first gas nozzle, the bracket air channel, the guide column air channel, the bracket air hole and the cladding nozzle air hole are sequentially connected and communicated with the first protective gas cavity to form a first protective gas channel.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide column is provided with a guide column cladding material channel, the outlet of the guide column cladding material channel is located on the central axis of the guide column, a support frame cladding material channel is provided on the support frame, the support frame cladding material channel is located at the center of the support frame, a cladding nozzle cladding material channel is provided on the cladding nozzle, the cladding nozzle cladding material channel is located on the central axis of the cladding nozzle, and an air guide sleeve cladding material through hole is provided at the end of the air guide sleeve; the guide column cladding material channel, the support frame cladding material channel, the cladding nozzle cladding material channel and the air guide sleeve cladding material through hole are connected in sequence.

[0010] Furthermore, a cladding material introduction hole is provided on the bracket outer cover, a cladding material through hole is provided on the bracket, and the cladding material introduction hole, the cladding material through hole and the guide column cladding material channel are connected in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with multi-beam through holes, which are arranged in a circle to receive the multi-beams projected by the multi-beam laser generating device, and the multi-beams form a light spot surrounding below the cladding nozzle.

[0012] The technical principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] The shielding gas flows from the first gas nozzle into the support air channel inside the support, then into the guide column air channel inside the guide column, then flows through the support frame air holes inside the support frame through the cladding nozzle air holes, and then flows into the first shielding gas cavity formed by the cladding nozzle and the gas guide sleeve. The shielding gas first passes through the cladding material to the area between the cladding layers, and finally is output to the molten pool through the output port at the bottom of the gas nozzle of the gas guide sleeve. The shielding gas can not only protect the cladding material from the cladding nozzle to the area between the cladding layer, but also protect the surface of the cladding layer and the heat-affected zone.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The cladding device of the present invention can directly introduce the protective gas into the surface of the cladding layer to prevent the cladding layer from being oxidized and affecting the performance.

[0016] 2. There is a gap between the end of the nozzle body of the cladding nozzle of the present invention and the end of the sleeve body of the air guide sleeve. When the protective gas is introduced into the outlet of the cladding nozzle, it can directly envelop the cladding material coming out of the cladding nozzle, thereby preventing the oxidation problem caused when the cladding material leaves the nozzle outlet. Due to the heat radiation and heat conduction of the molten pool, the cladding material will not only be easily oxidized, but also produce molten droplets due to excessive heat, which will easily block the mouth of the cladding nozzle and cause the loss of the material feeding function. By adding this protective gas and covering the surface of the cladding material with the protective gas, the oxidation of the cladding material can be solved. The surface temperature of the cladding material can be reduced by the protective gas to prevent the cladding material from melting and producing molten droplets, which will cause the nozzle to be blocked. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional bottom view of the laser cladding device with a gas protection device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional top view of the laser cladding device with a gas protection device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the laser cladding device with a gas protection device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the guide column, support frame, cladding nozzle, gas guide sleeve and other related components of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view of the relevant components.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a laser cladding device with a gas protection device comprises a multi-beam laser generating device 4 composed of a bracket 1, a bracket cover 2 and an optical component 3, a guide column 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the multi-beam laser generating device 4, the guide column 5 is connected to a support frame 6, the support frame 6 is connected to a cladding nozzle 7, the cladding nozzle 7 is provided with a gas guide sleeve 8, a first protective gas cavity 78 is formed between the mouth body part of the cladding nozzle 7 and the sleeve wall of the gas guide sleeve 8, the mouth body end of the cladding nozzle 7 is located in the gas guide sleeve 8, and the mouth body end is connected to the guide sleeve 8. A spacing is left between the ends of the gas sleeve 8; a bracket air channel 101 is opened inside the bracket 1, and the outer end of the bracket air channel 101 is connected to the first gas nozzle 102; a guide column air channel 501 is opened inside the guide column 5, a support frame air hole 601 is opened on the support frame 6, and a cladding nozzle air hole 701 is opened on the cladding nozzle 7; the first gas nozzle 102, the bracket air channel 101, the guide column air channel 501, the support frame air hole 601 and the cladding nozzle air hole 701 are connected in sequence and connected to the first protective gas cavity 78.

[0027] Further, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the guide column 5 is provided with a guide column cladding material channel 502, and the outlet of the guide column cladding material channel 502 is located on the central axis of the guide column 5; the support frame 6 is provided with a support frame cladding material channel 602, and the support frame cladding material channel 602 is located at the center of the support frame 6; the cladding nozzle cladding material channel 702 is provided on the cladding nozzle 7, and the cladding nozzle cladding material channel 702 is located on the central axis of the cladding nozzle 7; the end of the air guide sleeve 8 is provided with an air guide sleeve cladding material through hole 801; the guide column cladding material channel 502, the support frame cladding material channel 602, the cladding nozzle cladding material channel 702 and the air guide sleeve cladding material through hole 801 are connected in sequence.

[0028] Furthermore, a cladding material introduction hole 201 is provided on the support cover 2, and a cladding material through hole 103 is provided on the support 1. The cladding material introduction hole 201, the cladding material through hole 103 and the guide column cladding material channel 502 are connected in sequence.

[0029] Furthermore, the support frame 6 is provided with multi-beam through holes 603, which are arranged in a circle to receive the multi-beams 30 projected by the multi-beam laser generating device 4, and the multi-beams 30 form a light spot surrounding the bottom of the cladding nozzle.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] See also Figure 6 As shown, based on Example 1, the laser cladding device of this embodiment also includes a sealed flexible cavity 50, one end of the sealed flexible cavity 50 is fixed to the edge of the support frame 6 through a seal 60, and the other end is fixed to the workbench 90 through a seal 60.

[0032] Furthermore, a light-transmitting lens 604 is sealed in the multi-beam through hole 603 .

[0033] A closed operating space is formed between the support frame 6 and the workbench 90 through the sealed flexible cavity 50. The closed operating space is filled with protective gas to prevent external air from entering, so that the workpiece 70 placed therein is isolated from the outside air, further preventing oxidation of the cladding workpiece.

[0034] The incident laser 20 forms a multi-light beam 30 through the optical component 3, and the multi-light beam 30 is projected to the cladding area of ​​the workpiece 70 through the light-transmitting lens 604 to form a heat-affected zone 100. The cladding material is delivered from the cladding nozzle 7, and the first protective gas 40 blown out of the first protective gas channel respectively envelopes the cladding material delivered from the cladding nozzle, covering the surface of the cladding layer 80 and the entire heat-affected zone 100.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding device with a gas protection device, comprising a multi-beam laser generating device (4) consisting of a bracket (1), a bracket cover (2) and an optical component (3), wherein a guide column (5) is fixedly connected below the multi-beam laser generating device (4), the guide column (5) is connected to a support frame (6), and the support frame (6) is connected to a cladding nozzle (7), characterized in that: The cladding nozzle (7) is provided with an air guide sleeve (8) on its outer shell, a first protective gas cavity (78) is formed between the nozzle body of the cladding nozzle (7) and the sleeve wall of the air guide sleeve (8), the nozzle body end of the cladding nozzle (7) is located in the air guide sleeve (8), and a distance is left between the nozzle body end and the sleeve body end of the air guide sleeve (8); The support (1) is provided with a support air channel (101), the outer end of the support air channel (101) is connected to a first gas nozzle (102), the guide column (5) is provided with a guide column air channel (501), the support frame (6) is provided with a support frame air hole (601), the cladding nozzle (7) is provided with a cladding nozzle air hole (701), the first gas nozzle (102), the support air channel (101), the guide column air channel (501), the support frame air hole (601) and the cladding nozzle air hole (701) are sequentially connected and communicated with the first protective gas cavity (78) to form a first protective gas channel; The support frame (6) is provided with multi-beam through holes (603), the multi-beam through holes (603) being arranged in a circle to receive the multi-beams (30) projected by the multi-beam laser generating device (4), the multi-beams (30) forming a light spot surrounding the bottom of the cladding nozzle (7); A light-transmitting lens (604) is sealed and arranged inside the multi-beam through hole (603); It also comprises a sealed flexible cavity (50), one end of the sealed flexible cavity (50) being fixed to the edge of the support frame (6) via a sealing member (60), and the other end of the sealed flexible cavity (50) being fixed to the workbench (90) via a sealing member (60), so that a closed operating space is formed between the support frame (6) and the workbench (90) via the sealed flexible cavity (50); The guide column (5) is provided with a guide column cladding material channel (502), the outlet of the guide column cladding material channel (502) is located on the central axis of the guide column (5); the support frame (6) is provided with a support frame cladding material channel (602), the support frame cladding material channel (602) is located at the center of the support frame (6); the cladding nozzle (7) is provided with a cladding nozzle cladding material channel (702), the cladding nozzle cladding material channel (702) is located on the central axis of the cladding nozzle (7); the end of the air guide sleeve (8) is provided with an air guide sleeve cladding material through hole (801); the guide column cladding material channel (502), the support frame cladding material channel (602), the cladding nozzle cladding material channel (702) and the air guide sleeve cladding material through hole (801) are connected in sequence.

2. The laser cladding device with a gas protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support cover (2) is provided with a cladding material introduction hole (201), the support (1) is provided with a cladding material through hole (103), and the cladding material introduction hole (201), the cladding material through hole (103) and the guide column cladding material channel (502) are sequentially connected.

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