Railway fastener system maintenance device and bolt disassembly mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a railway fastener system maintenance operation device and a bolt disassembly mechanism. The device includes a suspension, a slide, an operating turntable, a servo lifting mechanism, a servo rotating mechanism, a bolt disassembly mechanism, a gauge baffle gripping mechanism, and a height pad gripping mechanism. The slide is slidably arranged on the suspension in a vertical direction and driven by the servo lifting mechanism. The operating turntable is rotatably arranged on the slide in a vertical plane and driven by the servo rotating mechanism. The outer periphery of the operating turntable is provided with multiple connecting seats. Each mechanism can reach an operating position under the drive of the servo rotating mechanism and the servo lifting mechanism. The bolt disassembly mechanism is used for disassembling and temporarily storing two sleeper bolts, spring bars, and insulating blocks. The gauge baffle gripping mechanism is used for gripping the gauge baffles on both sides of the rail. The height pad gripping mechanism is used for clamping and extracting the height pad under the rail. The present invention effectively avoids the disadvantages of manual maintenance of the fastener system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of railway fastener system maintenance, and in particular to a railway fastener system maintenance operation device and a bolt disassembling mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The function of the railway fastener system is to fix the rails to the sleepers, maintain the track gauge and prevent the rails from moving longitudinally and transversely relative to the sleepers, thereby ensuring the consistency of distance and height between the two rails, providing the basis for the high-speed operation of trains on the rails.

[0003] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a common fastening system primarily consists of an elastic pad 30', a height pad 40', a gauge stop 50', sleeper bolts 60', spring bars 70', and insulating washers 80', used to secure rails 20' to sleepers 10'. Because trains travel on rails 20' at high speeds and high frequencies for extended periods, significant vibration and wear are generated on the rails and fastening system, leading to changes in rail parallelism and height. Therefore, regular inspection, replacement, and maintenance of the railway fastening system are essential.

[0004] At present, the maintenance and replacement methods and processes of railway fastener systems are roughly as follows: track surface measurement, manual marking, manual material laying, fastener disassembly, bolt oiling, manual material replacement, fastener tightening, track surface re-measurement and other processes. Basically, each link is manually operated.

[0005] The current manual maintenance and replacement methods for railway fastener systems have the following drawbacks:

[0006] Firstly, manual operation is inefficient, and it is easy to make mistakes in replacing or missing sleepers. The qualified rate of one-time maintenance is low, and multiple retests and corrections are required. The replaced old materials are easily left on the track, posing a huge safety hazard to train operation.

[0007] Secondly, maintenance work can only be carried out during the train window period, and maintenance operations are basically carried out at night. Night operations pose a great challenge to the safety of operators and the management of railway operations. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a railway fastener system maintenance operation device to realize automatic disassembly of sleeper bolts, temporary storage of spring clip insulation blocks, replacement of gauge baffles, grabbing and replacing of height pads, and resetting of bolt spring clip insulation blocks, thereby avoiding the disadvantages of manual maintenance of the fastener system.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a bolt disassembling mechanism for railway fastener system maintenance operations, so as to realize automatic disassembly of sleeper bolts and temporary storage of spring bar insulation blocks.

[0010] To this end, on the one hand, the present invention proposes a railway fastener system maintenance operation device, including a suspension, a slide, an operation turntable, a servo lifting mechanism, a servo rotating mechanism, a bolt disassembling mechanism, a gauge baffle grabbing mechanism, and a height pad grabbing mechanism. The slide is slidably arranged on the suspension in the vertical direction and is driven by the servo lifting mechanism. The operation turntable is rotatably arranged on the slide in a vertical plane and is driven by the servo rotating mechanism. A plurality of connecting seats are provided on the periphery of the operation turntable. The bolt disassembling mechanism, the height pad grabbing mechanism, and the gauge baffle grabbing mechanism are each connected to one of the connecting seats and reach the operation position under the drive of the servo rotating mechanism and the servo lifting mechanism. The bolt disassembling mechanism is used for disassembling and temporarily storing two sleeper bolts, spring bars, and insulating blocks. The gauge baffle grabbing mechanism is used for grabbing the gauge baffles on both sides of the rails. The height pad grabbing mechanism is used for clamping and extracting the height pads under the rails.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a bolt disassembly mechanism for railway fastener system maintenance operations is provided, which is used for disassembling and temporarily storing two sleeper bolts, spring bars, and insulating blocks. The mechanism comprises a spring base, two sets of automatic sleeper bolt tightening devices, and two sets of combined clamping devices. The automatic sleeper bolt tightening devices are arranged separately from the spring base and are used to tighten / loosen the bolts. The combined clamping devices are arranged on the spring base and are used to clamp the spring bars and insulating blocks together.

[0012] The present invention addresses the current fastener system maintenance workflow by providing a multi-station servo-rotary automatic operation device designed to automatically disassemble sleeper bolts, capture and temporarily store spring clip insulation blocks, replace gauge baffles, capture and replace height adjustment plates, and reposition bolt spring clip insulation blocks. Through the aforementioned servo-rotary mechanism with a lifting function, the present invention integrates the fastener system maintenance process into one, automating bolt disassembly, gauge baffle replacement, and height adjustment plate replacement. Furthermore, the device can automatically integrate with waste material recycling and new material input, effectively avoiding the drawbacks of manual fastener system maintenance.

[0013] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the existing railway fastening system;

[0016] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the existing railway fastening system;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the railway fastener system maintenance operation device according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the railway fastener system maintenance operation device according to the present invention used for automatic disassembly of sleeper rail bolts;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the railway fastener system maintenance operation device according to the present invention used for track gauge plate grabbing and replacement operation;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the railway fastener system maintenance operation device according to the present invention used for grabbing and replacing height pads;

[0021] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bolt removal mechanism of the railway fastener system maintenance operation device according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 3D schematic diagram of the track gauge plate grabbing mechanism of the railway fastener system maintenance operation device according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 3D schematic diagram of the height pad grabbing mechanism of the railway fastener system maintenance operation device according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 is a front view of a height pad grabbing mechanism according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 11 is a right side view of the height pad grabbing mechanism according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 12 1 is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the height pad grabbing mechanism according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 13 2 is a schematic diagram of the second operating state of the height pad grabbing mechanism according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the third operating state of the height pad grabbing mechanism according to the present invention; and

[0029] Figure 15 1 is a schematic diagram of the fourth operating state of the height pad grabbing mechanism according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the railway fastener system maintenance operation device of the present invention is mainly composed of a suspension 10, a slide 20, an operation turntable 30, a servo lifting mechanism 40, a servo rotation mechanism 50, a bolt disassembly mechanism 60, a gauge baffle grabbing mechanism 70, and a height pad grabbing mechanism 80.

[0032] This maintenance device is installed on a railroad vehicle. Several units are deployed on each vehicle, with each unit replacing the fasteners on one sleeper at a time. The vehicle automatically lifts the rails, replacing the jack's function.

[0033] The suspension 10 is generally door-shaped, and the slide 20 is placed in the door-shaped suspension 10. Both sides of the slide 20 cooperate with the suspension 10 through a slide rail slider kinematic pair. The servo lifting mechanism 40 is set on the suspension 10 and is used to drive the slide 20 to move to multiple positions in the vertical direction.

[0034] The work turntable 30 is rotatably arranged on the slide 20 in a vertical plane. The work turntable 30 includes a turntable body and three connecting seats 31, 32 and 33 arranged equidistantly around the turntable body at 120°. The servo rotation mechanism is arranged on the slide for driving the work turntable to rotate.

[0035] The three connecting seats are respectively equipped with a bolt disassembly mechanism, a height pad grabbing mechanism, and a gauge baffle grabbing mechanism.

[0036] Figure 4 The bolt dismantling mechanism shown is used for dismantling and temporarily storing two sleeper bolts, spring bars, and insulating blocks. Figure 5 The gauge plate grabbing mechanism is used to grab the gauge plates on both sides of the rail, and under the combined action of lifting and rotating the working turntable, the grabbed gauge plates are thrown to the waste recycling device and new gauge plates are grabbed. Figure 6 The height pad grabbing mechanism shown is used to clamp and extract the height pad under the rail.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, the bolt disassembling mechanism includes a spring base 61 , two sets of automatic sleeper bolt tightening devices 62 , and two sets of combined clamping devices 63 .

[0038] The automatic screwing device 62 for tightening / loosening the bolts is arranged separately from the spring base 61 and includes a screwing shaft 621 that can elastically retract during the screwing process and a driving device 622 for driving the screwing shaft, such as a dedicated screwing motor.

[0039] The combined clamping device 63 is provided on the spring base 61 and is used to clamp both the spring bar and the insulating block. The combined clamping device comprises a first clamping block assembly, a second clamping block assembly, and a transverse clamping cylinder 635 located on both sides of the spring bar.

[0040] The clamping block assembly includes an L-shaped support block 631 , a clamping cylinder 632 , an upper clamping block 633 driven by the clamping cylinder 632 , and an insulating block shovel seat 634 fixedly connected to the L-shaped support block 631 .

[0041] The two clamping block assemblies clamp the spring bar and insulating block on both sides of the spring bar under the action of the transverse clamping cylinder 635. The specific clamping action is as follows: the slide descends, the insulating block shovel seat 634 presses against the steel rail outside the insulating block, the screw shaft 621 is inserted into the head of the bolt, and the screw shaft 621 rotates to loosen the bolt. During this process, the tension of the spring bar decreases. While the spring bar retains a certain tension, the two clamping block assemblies clamp under the action of the transverse clamping cylinder. The insulating block shovel seat 634 scoops up the insulating block, and the upper clamping block descends under the action of the cylinder. The upper and lower clamping blocks clamp the spring bar, while the spring bar still has tension on the insulating block, thus preventing the insulating block from falling out of the insulating block shovel seat.

[0042] Continue to loosen the bolt. After the bolt is completely screwed out, the bolt is pressed against the spring bar under the elastic force of the screwing shaft. In this way, the bolt disassembly mechanism can ensure that the relative positions of the bolt, spring bar, and insulating block remain unchanged after disassembly, and can be buffered on the mechanism to ensure that it can be reset after other work steps are completed.

[0043] During the automatic maintenance operation, the sleeper bolts, spring bars and insulating spacers do not need to be replaced. They can be dismantled and reinstalled after completing other operations.

[0044] After the sleeper bolts and spring clips are removed, the servo lift mechanism raises the work turntable to its highest position. The work turntable rotates 120° counterclockwise, the gauge plate gripping mechanism faces the sleeper, and the slide descends.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, the gauge plate grabbing mechanism 70 includes a height compensation seat 73 and two gauge plate grabbing actuators 71 and 72. The gauge plate grabbing actuators are pneumatic grippers, but electric grippers can also be used instead.

[0046] The height compensation seat 73 is mounted on the connecting seat 32 of the working turntable 30 , and the two gauge plate grabbing actuators 71 and 72 are mounted on the bottom end of the height compensation seat 73 .

[0047] The two gauge baffle grabbing actuators 71 and 72 grab the gauge baffles on both sides of the rail and then the servo lifting mechanism lifts the grabbing mechanism to a high position. The operating turntable rotates 120° counterclockwise. At this time, the two gauge baffle grabbing actuators are released, and the old gauge baffles are thrown to the waste recycling device, and new gauge baffles are grabbed. The new gauge baffles can be loaded by a robot or manually for the gauge baffle grabbing mechanism to grab.

[0048] Combined with reference Figures 9 to 11 The height pad grabbing mechanism 80 includes a mounting base 81, a horizontal sliding seat 82, a clamping jaw swing seat 83, a horizontal actuator 84, a swing actuator 85, a lower clamping jaw 86, an upper clamping jaw 87, a clamping actuator 88, a descending height detection sensor 89, and a search sensor 91.

[0049] The mounting base plate 81 supports the entire mechanism and provides a foundation for the installation of other parts. The top end is fixedly connected to a connecting seat of the working turntable.

[0050] The horizontal sliding seat 82 is supported on the mounting base 81 and can slide horizontally relative to the mounting base 81. The horizontal actuator 84 drives the horizontal sliding seat 82 to move horizontally. During the process of grabbing the height pad, it provides horizontal driving force to achieve horizontal movement of the clamping jaws within a certain range to clamp the workpiece.

[0051] A connecting arm 1 821 and a connecting arm 2 822 extending vertically downward are fixedly connected to the horizontal sliding seat 82 , and the connecting arm 2 822 is arranged at the tail of the horizontal sliding seat 82 .

[0052] The middle part of the back of the clamping jaw swing seat 83 has a hinge ear 831, which is directly hinged to the connecting arm 1 821. The lower part of the back of the clamping jaw swing seat 83 has a hinge ear 832. One end of the swing actuator 85 is pivotally connected to the connecting arm 2 822, and the other end is hinged to the hinge ear 832.

[0053] The swing actuator 85 drives the clamping jaw swing seat to swing during the telescopic action, simulating the action of manually taking away the workpiece.

[0054] The lower jaw 86 is fixed and cannot be moved, and the jaw opening and closing is achieved by moving the upper jaw 87. The upper jaw 87 is mounted on a sliding guide rail, which is fixed on the jaw swing seat 83. The clamping actuator 88 drives the upper jaw 87 to move up and down, and together with the lower jaw, it can open and close, clamp and release the workpiece.

[0055] The descending height detection sensor 89 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the mounting base plate 81 to detect the descending height of the entire mechanism and realize the precise positioning of the height direction of the mechanism.

[0056] Two search sensors 91 are located on either side of the sleeper and are used to search the lower surface of the rail. The search sensors 91 are fixed to the upper clamping jaws 87 by a U-shaped guard plate 92, and can move synchronously to ensure that the upper clamping jaws move to the appropriate position and avoid colliding with the rail during the clamping process.

[0057] Combined with reference Figures 12 to 15 , the automatic grabbing action of the height pad is as follows:

[0058] 1. The height pad grabbing mechanism 80 is driven by the servo lifting mechanism to descend to a suitable position. The descending height detection sensor 89 detects the descending height of the mechanism in real time. After it is in place, the clamping driver starts to move and drives the search sensor 91 to search the lower surface of the rail up and down. At this time, the rail has been automatically lifted by the track engineering vehicle.

[0059] 2. After the search action is completed, the horizontal actuator 84 starts to drive the horizontal sliding seat to feed to the left, thereby driving the clamping jaws to move synchronously. At this time, the height pad is between the upper and lower clamping jaws, and the clamping actuator 88 drives the upper clamping jaw downward to clamp the workpiece.

[0060] 3. The servo lifting mechanism drives the height pad grabbing mechanism to move upward a certain distance, so that the height adjustment plate is separated from the elastic pad. The swing actuator 85 is activated to swing the clamping jaw swing seat 83, and the height pad is rotated a certain angle to be taken out.

[0061] The height pad grabbing mechanism can be automatically connected to the waste recovery and new material input system including a robot to achieve the replacement of the new height pad.

[0062] Manual replacement of height adjustment plates is inefficient, prone to incorrect replacement, and results in a low first-time maintenance pass rate. Furthermore, the low operating height seriously violates ergonomics. The present invention uses a height plate grabbing mechanism to replace manual grabbing, avoiding a series of actions that violate ergonomics, reducing manpower, significantly improving the efficiency of height plate replacement, and reducing the error rate during manual plate replacement.

[0063] After all the above-mentioned old materials are grabbed, the servo rotary mechanism will gradually reverse and reset the new height pad, new gauge baffle, and bolt spring bar insulating pad respectively.

[0064] The present invention integrates the maintenance process of the fastener system through the above-mentioned servo rotation mechanism with lifting function, realizes the automated operation of bolt disassembly, gauge baffle replacement, and height pad replacement, and can automatically connect with waste material recycling and new material input, effectively avoiding the disadvantages of manual maintenance process of the fastener system.

[0065] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway fastener system maintenance device, characterized in that: Including suspension, slide, work turntable, servo lifting mechanism, servo rotating mechanism, bolt disassembly mechanism, gauge plate grabbing mechanism, height pad grabbing mechanism, The slide is slidably arranged on the suspension in the vertical direction and is driven by a servo lifting mechanism, and the working turntable is rotatably arranged on the slide in the vertical plane and is driven by a servo rotating mechanism. The outer periphery of the working turntable is provided with a plurality of connecting seats, and the bolt disassembling mechanism, the height pad grabbing mechanism, and the gauge baffle grabbing mechanism are each connected to one of the connecting seats and are driven by the servo rotation mechanism and the servo lifting mechanism to reach the working position. The bolt disassembling mechanism is used to disassemble and temporarily store two sleeper bolts, spring bars, and insulating blocks; the gauge baffle grabbing mechanism is used to grab the gauge baffles on both sides of the rail; and the height pad grabbing mechanism is used to clamp and extract the height pad under the rail. The bolt disassembly mechanism includes a spring base, two sets of automatic screwing devices for sleeper rail bolts, and two sets of combined clamping devices. The automatic screwing devices for sleeper rail bolts are arranged separately from the spring base and are used to tighten / loosen the bolts. The combined clamping devices are arranged on the spring base and are used to clamp the spring bars and the insulating blocks together. The height pad grabbing mechanism includes a mounting base, a horizontal sliding seat, a clamping jaw swing seat, a horizontal actuator, a swinging actuator, a lower clamping jaw, an upper clamping jaw, a clamping actuator, a descent height detection sensor, and a search sensor. The horizontal sliding seat is supported on the mounting base and driven by the horizontal actuator. The clamping jaw swing seat is arranged below the horizontal sliding seat and driven by the swinging actuator to simulate the action of manually taking away the workpiece. The lower clamping jaw is fixedly connected to the clamping jaw swing seat. The upper clamping jaw is driven by the clamping actuator to move up and down. The search sensor is distributed on both sides of the upper clamping jaw and moves synchronously with the upper clamping jaw to search the lower surface of the rail. The descent height detection sensor is used to detect the descending height of the entire mechanism to achieve precise positioning of the height direction of the mechanism.

2. The railway fastener system maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maintenance operation device is installed on a track engineering vehicle. A working carriage of the track engineering vehicle is provided with several sets of the maintenance operation device. The track engineering vehicle is also used for automatically lifting rails.

3. The railway fastener system maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension is in a door shape as a whole, the slide is placed in the door-shaped suspension, and both sides of the slide are matched with the suspension through a slide rail and slider kinematic pair.

4. The railway fastener system maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working turntable includes a turntable body and three connecting seats which are arranged equidistantly at 120° around the turntable body.

5. The railway fastener system maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined clamping device includes a first clamping block assembly, a second clamping block assembly, and a transverse clamping cylinder located on both sides of the spring bar. The first clamping block assembly and the second clamping block assembly each include an L-shaped support block, a clamping cylinder, an upper clamping block driven by the clamping cylinder, and an insulating block shovel seat fixedly connected to the L-shaped support block. The transverse clamping cylinder is used to drive the first clamping block assembly and the second clamping block assembly to move in a centering manner before the tension of the elastic bar disappears, so as to clamp the elastic bar and the insulating block.

6. The railway fastener system maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gauge baffle grabbing mechanism includes a height compensation seat and two gauge baffle grabbing actuators, and the gauge baffle grabbing actuators are pneumatic clamps or electric clamps.

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