A ship automatic docking device based on permanent magnet

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets, including a frame fixed on a pontoon, the frames are connected to an adjustment mechanism that pushes the corresponding frame out of the pontoon to contact the ship's hull, the frames are provided with a buffer device that cooperates with the ship's hull in a rolling manner and absorbs the impact force between the hull and the pontoon through magnetic repulsion during the berthing process, and the frame is also provided with a suction device that provides magnetic force to make the hull adsorbed on the pontoon to ensure stable docking. The repulsive force between the second spring and the permanent magnet effectively buffers the impact caused by the berthing of the ship; using the principle of magnetic field superposition, the lower magnetic system is driven by the horizontal moving mechanism to perform a translational movement relative to the upper magnetic system to present a magnetic and non-magnetic state, so that the magnetic conductive plate can adsorb the ship's hull, achieving fixation and separation between the ship and the pontoon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ship docking equipment, in particular to an automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, most ships are docked by sailors manually connecting ships to mooring piles or other fastening devices on docks or pontoons with cables or wire ropes to ensure that the ships will not drift away. Alternatively, electromagnets are installed on ships and pontoons to generate and disappear magnetic force by switching the circuit on and off, thereby controlling the connection and separation of ships and pontoons. There is also a way to fix ships by placing a hydraulic system with a suction cup on the dock.

[0003] The defects of the original technology are as follows: 1. The traditional manual cable mooring method requires multiple people to operate, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, wastes a lot of human resources and poses a great safety risk; 2. The ship docking automatic device relying on electromagnets needs to be continuously powered to maintain the fixed state between the ship and the pontoon. The coil current is large and the heat is serious, which not only wastes energy but also causes the coil to age prematurely and is easy to damage; 3. The components of the hydraulic ship docking automatic device require high precision, high cost and low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] A permanent magnet-based automatic ship docking device comprises a frame fixed on a pontoon, the frames are all connected to an adjustment mechanism for pushing the corresponding frame out of the pontoon to contact the ship's hull, the frames are provided with a buffer device for cooperating with the ship's hull in a rolling manner and absorbing the impact force between the hull and the pontoon through magnetic repulsion during the berthing process, and the frames are also provided with a suction device for providing magnetic force to allow the hull to be adsorbed on the pontoon to ensure stable docking.

[0006] The adjusting mechanism comprises a lead screw matched with the frame, and the lead screw is connected to the rotating handle.

[0007] The buffer devices are symmetrically arranged in two horizontal directions, each comprising a rolling mechanism that cooperates with the hull to reduce the friction between the hull and the pontoon by rolling, and also comprising a shock absorbing mechanism that provides a reverse force through magnetic repulsion to reduce the collision amplitude between the hull and the pontoon.

[0008] The rolling mechanism comprises a plurality of pulleys which are slidably mounted on a frame and are distributed in parallel in a horizontal direction. A spring is arranged in the frame to connect the pulleys in series to provide a reverse force to reduce the relative speed between the hull and the pontoon.

[0009] The shock absorbing mechanism comprises a bearing plate slidably mounted in a frame, the bearing plate is connected to a primary buffer mechanism for absorbing the impact force between the hull and the pontoon through elastic force, and the primary buffer mechanism is connected to a secondary buffer mechanism for bearing the impact force transmitted by the primary buffer mechanism through magnetic repulsion.

[0010] The primary buffer mechanism comprises a sleeve connected to the bearing plate, a slide rod is slidably installed in the sleeve, a No. 2 spring providing elastic force is mounted on the slide rod, and one end of the slide rod away from the sleeve is connected to the secondary buffer mechanism.

[0011] The secondary buffer mechanism includes two permanent magnets distributed in the frame and parallelly distributed along the width direction of the frame to form magnetic repulsion, wherein the permanent magnet close to the supporting plate is connected to the primary buffer mechanism, and the permanent magnet far from the supporting plate is fixed in the frame, and a baffle distributed between the two permanent magnets to limit the sliding distance of the permanent magnet is fixed in the frame.

[0012] The suction device includes an upper magnetic system and a lower magnetic system symmetrically distributed along the width direction of the frame. A horizontal moving mechanism is provided in the frame, which is connected to the lower magnetic system to drive the lower magnetic system to move and misalign with the upper magnetic system to generate magnetic force. The upper magnetic system is connected to a magnetic conductive plate that transmits magnetic force and adsorbs the ship's hull when the upper magnetic system and the lower magnetic system are in a magnetic state.

[0013] The upper magnetic system and the lower magnetic system have the same structure and both include a substrate, on which are disposed a plurality of magnet units distributed in parallel in a horizontal direction, the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnet units are the same, and the magnetic poles of the magnet units on the upper magnetic system and the lower magnetic system are opposite.

[0014] The horizontal moving mechanism drives the lower magnetic system to move one magnetic pole unit in the horizontal direction so that the magnet units of the upper magnetic system and the lower magnetic system form a superimposed magnetic field to present a magnetic state, causing the magnetic conductive plate to generate magnetism for adsorption.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the repulsive force between the second spring and the permanent magnet effectively buffers the impact caused by the mooring of the ship; by utilizing the magnetic field superposition principle, the lower magnetic system, driven by the horizontal moving mechanism, performs a translational movement relative to the upper magnetic system to present a magnetic and non-magnetic state, so that the magnetic conductive plate can adsorb the ship's hull, thereby achieving fixation and separation between the ship and the pontoon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the solid absorption device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rolling mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorbing mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal moving mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the non-magnetic state of the upper magnetic system and the lower magnetic system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic state of the upper magnetic system and the lower magnetic system of the present invention.

[0024] As shown in the figure: 1. frame; 2. adjustment mechanism; 3. buffer device; 4. suction device; 21. screw; 22. rotating handle; 31. rolling mechanism; 32. shock absorbing mechanism; 311. pulley; 312. spring No. 1; 321. bearing plate; 322. primary buffer mechanism; 323. secondary buffer mechanism; 324. slide rod; 325. spring No. 2; 326. sleeve; 327. permanent magnet; 328. baffle; 41. upper magnetic system; 42. lower magnetic system; 43. horizontal moving mechanism; 44. magnetic conductive plate; 45. substrate; 46. magnet unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be explained more clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments. Of course, the described embodiments are only a part of the present invention but not all of it. Based on this embodiment, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets includes a frame 1 fixed on a pontoon, each of the frames 1 is connected to an adjusting mechanism 2 for pushing the corresponding frame 1 out of the pontoon to contact the ship's hull, a buffer device 3 is provided on the frame 1 for cooperating with the ship's hull in a rolling manner and absorbing the impact force between the hull and the pontoon through magnetic repulsion during the berthing process, and a suction device 4 is also provided in the frame 1 for providing magnetic force to make the frame 1 adsorbed on the pontoon to ensure stable docking; the frame 1 is made of non-magnetic material.

[0027] The adjusting mechanism 2 includes a screw 21 that cooperates with the frame 1, and the screw 21 is connected to a rotating handle 22; two screws 21 are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, and both are connected to the rotating handle 22 to prevent the frame 1 from tilting during adjustment and affecting the final docking effect. At the same time, the two screws 21 increase the stability of the frame 1; by rotating the rotating handle 22, the screw 21 is matched with the frame 1, and the position of the frame 1 is adjusted so that the frame 1 cooperates with the hull of the ship at a suitable distance.

[0028] The buffer device 3 is symmetrically arranged in two horizontal directions, each comprising a rolling mechanism 31 that cooperates with the rolling mode of the hull to reduce the friction between the hull and the pontoon, and also comprises a shock absorbing mechanism 32 that provides a reverse force through magnetic repulsion to reduce the collision amplitude between the hull and the pontoon.

[0029] The rolling mechanism 31 includes a plurality of pulleys 311 slidably mounted on the frame 1 and distributed in parallel in the horizontal direction. A spring 312 is arranged in the frame 1 to connect the pulleys 311 in series to provide a reverse force to reduce the relative speed between the hull and the pontoon. When the ship is sailing or docking, the hull is generally tilted first to allow one end to contact the pontoon first, and then the hull is slid and straightened to dock on the pontoon. In the traditional method, the hull generally directly slides and rubs against the pontoon, which will damage the hull and the pontoon. By arranging the pulley 311, the traditional sliding friction between the hull and the pontoon is changed to rolling friction, thereby reducing friction. When the pulley 311 is impacted by the hull and slides, the spring 312 provides a reverse force, thereby slowing down the hull speed and reducing the friction between the hull and the pontoon.

[0030] The shock absorbing mechanism 32 includes a bearing plate 321 slidably installed in the frame 1, the bearing plate 321 is connected to a primary buffer mechanism 322 for absorbing the impact force between the hull and the pontoon through elastic force, and the primary buffer mechanism 322 is connected to a secondary buffer mechanism 323 for bearing the impact force transmitted by the primary buffer mechanism 322 through magnetic repulsion; when a collision occurs between the hull and the pontoon, the primary buffer mechanism 322 first absorbs the impact force through elastic force, and when the impact force is greater than the range of elastic absorption, the impact force is absorbed by the primary buffer mechanism 322 and then transmitted to the secondary buffer mechanism 323 to reduce the impact through magnetic repulsion.

[0031] The primary buffer mechanism 322 includes a sleeve 326 connected to the supporting plate 321, a slide rod 324 is slidably installed in the sleeve 326, a No. 2 spring 325 for providing elastic force is mounted on the slide rod 324, and the end of the slide rod 324 away from the sleeve 326 is connected to the secondary buffer mechanism 323; the No. 2 spring 325 is in contact with the sleeve 326, and when the supporting plate 321 is subjected to impact force, the supporting plate 321 pushes the sleeve 326 to slide along the slide rod 324 to squeeze the No. 2 spring 325, and the impact force transmitted to the No. 2 spring 325, and the impact force on the supporting plate 321 is offset by the elastic force of the No. 2 spring 325.

[0032] The secondary buffer mechanism 323 includes two permanent magnets 327 distributed in the frame 1 and parallelly distributed along the width direction of the frame 1 to form a magnetic repulsion, wherein the permanent magnet 327 close to the bearing plate 321 is connected to the primary buffer mechanism 322, and the permanent magnet 327 far away from the bearing plate 321 is fixed in the frame 1, and a baffle 328 distributed between the two permanent magnets 327 to limit the sliding distance of the permanent magnet 327 is fixed in the frame 1; the permanent magnet 327 close to the bearing plate 321 is connected to the slide bar 324, and one end of the second spring 325 is in contact with the sleeve 326. One end is in contact with the permanent magnet 327 close to the bearing plate 321; when the bearing plate 321 is subjected to an impact force that exceeds the range of the elastic force of the No. 2 spring 325, the bearing plate 321 pushes the sleeve 326 to slide along the slide bar 324 to the limit, and pushes the permanent magnet 327 close to the bearing plate 321 to slide toward the permanent magnet 327 away from the bearing plate 321 through the slide bar 324, and the impact force that exceeds the elastic force of the No. 2 spring 325 is offset by the magnetic repulsion between the permanent magnets 327, so as to reduce the impact amplitude between the hull and the barge, reduce the shaking of the hull, and ensure that the hull is docked smoothly.

[0033] The solid attraction device 4 includes an upper magnetic system 41 and a lower magnetic system 42 symmetrically distributed along the width direction of the frame 1. A horizontal moving mechanism 43 connected to the lower magnetic system 42 is provided in the frame 1 to drive the lower magnetic system 42 to move and displace with the upper magnetic system 41 to generate magnetic force. The upper magnetic system 41 is connected to a magnetic conductive plate 44 that transmits magnetic force and adsorbs the ship's hull when the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are in a magnetic state; the horizontal moving mechanism 43 of the present invention is preferably a crank slider mechanism, and the specific structure is as follows Figure 5 As shown, other mechanisms that can realize horizontal movement of the lower magnetic system 42 can also be used in the solution of the present invention, such as a screw guide mechanism, a gear rack mechanism, a hydraulic transmission mechanism, etc.

[0034] The upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 have the same structure and both include a substrate 45, on which a plurality of magnet units 46 are arranged in parallel along a horizontal direction, and the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnet units 46 are the same, while the magnetic poles of the magnet units 46 on the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are opposite; Figure 6As shown, in the initial state, the magnetic poles of the magnet units 46 on the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are opposite. It can be known from the principle of magnetic field superposition that Figure 6 In this state, the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are in a non-magnetic state.

[0035] The horizontal moving mechanism 43 drives the lower magnetic system 42 to move one magnetic pole unit in the horizontal direction so that the magnetic units 46 on the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 form a superimposed magnetic field to present a magnetic state, so that the magnetic conductive plate 44 generates magnetism for adsorption; Figure 7 As shown in the figure, when the horizontal moving mechanism 43 drives the lower magnetic system 42 to move one magnetic pole unit in the horizontal direction, the magnet units 46 on the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 form a superposition of magnetic fields. According to the principle of magnetic field superposition, it can be known that Figure 7 In this state, the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are in a magnetic state; after the hull is docked stably through the buffer device 3, the horizontal moving mechanism 43 drives the lower magnetic system 42 to move one magnetic pole unit in the horizontal direction, so that the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are in a magnetic state, and the magnetic force is transmitted through the magnetic conductive plate 44, so that the hull of the ship is adsorbed on the pontoon, ensuring the stability of the hull without the need for fixing it with cables; when it is necessary to leave the pontoon, the horizontal moving mechanism 43 drives the lower magnetic system 42 to reset, so that the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are in a non-magnetic state, and the magnetic conductive plate 44 is detached from the hull of the ship, so that the ship can sail away directly without the need for equipment such as cables.

[0036] In the present invention, when the boat needs to dock on the pontoon, the first step is to manually rotate the rotating handle 22 to make the screw 21 cooperate with the frame 1, and adjust the position of the frame 1 so that the frame 1 cooperates with the boat body at a suitable distance;

[0037] Step 2: One side of the boat approaches the pontoon and rolls and frictionally cooperates with the pulley 311 on the frame 1, and provides a reverse force through the first spring 312 when the pulley 311 slides due to the impact of the boat, thereby slowing down the boat speed and reducing the friction between the boat and the pontoon;

[0038] Step 3: When the ship collides with the pontoon, the bearing plate 321 pushes the sleeve 326 to slide along the slide bar 324 to squeeze the No. 2 spring 325, and transmits the impact force to the No. 2 spring 325. The impact force on the bearing plate 321 is offset by the elastic force of the No. 2 spring 325. If the impact force is greater than the elastic force offset range of the No. 2 spring 325, the bearing plate 321 pushes the sleeve 326 to slide along the slide bar 324 to the limit, and pushes the permanent magnet 327 close to the bearing plate 321 to slide toward the permanent magnet 327 away from the bearing plate 321 through the slide bar 324, and the impact force that exceeds the elastic force of the No. 2 spring 325 is offset by the magnetic mutual repulsion between the permanent magnets 327.

[0039] Step 3: After the ship stops, the horizontal moving mechanism 43 drives the lower magnetic system 42 to move one magnetic pole unit in the horizontal direction, so that the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are in a magnetic state, and the magnetic force is transmitted through the magnetic conductive plate 44, so that the ship is adsorbed on the pontoon;

[0040] Step 4: When it is necessary to leave the pontoon, the horizontal moving mechanism 43 drives the lower magnetic system 42 to reset, so that the upper magnetic system 41 and the lower magnetic system 42 are in a non-magnetic state, and the magnetic conductive plate 44 is separated from the hull and leaves directly.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet-based automatic ship docking device, comprising a frame (1) fixed on a pontoon, characterized in that: The frames (1) are all connected to an adjustment mechanism (2) for pushing the corresponding frame (1) out of the pontoon so as to contact the ship's hull. The frames (1) are provided with a buffer device (3) for cooperating with the ship's hull in a rolling manner and absorbing the impact force between the hull and the pontoon through magnetic repulsion during the berthing process. The frames (1) are also provided with a suction device (4) for providing magnetic force to allow the hull to be adsorbed on the pontoon to ensure stable docking. The solid attraction device (4) comprises an upper magnetic system (41) and a lower magnetic system (42) symmetrically distributed along the width direction of the frame (1); a horizontal moving mechanism (43) connected to the lower magnetic system (42) is provided in the frame (1) to drive the lower magnetic system (42) to move and displace with the upper magnetic system (41) to generate magnetic force; the upper magnetic system (41) is connected to a magnetic conductive plate (44) which transmits magnetic force and is attracted to the ship body when the upper magnetic system (41) and the lower magnetic system (42) are in a magnetic state; The upper magnetic system (41) and the lower magnetic system (42) have the same structure and both include a substrate (45), on which a plurality of magnet units (46) are arranged in parallel along a horizontal direction, the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnet units (46) are the same, and the magnetic poles of the magnet units (46) on the upper magnetic system (41) and the lower magnetic system (42) are opposite; The adjustment mechanism (2) comprises a lead screw (21) matched with the frame (1), and the lead screw (21) is connected to a rotating handle (22).

2. The automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer devices (3) are symmetrically arranged in two in the horizontal direction, each comprising a rolling mechanism (31) cooperating with the hull in a rolling manner to reduce the friction between the hull and the pontoon, and also comprising a shock absorbing mechanism (32) providing a reverse force through magnetic repulsion to reduce the collision amplitude between the hull and the pontoon.

3. The automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rolling mechanism (31) comprises a plurality of pulleys (331) which are slidably mounted on the frame (1) and are distributed in parallel in the horizontal direction. A spring (332) is arranged in the frame (1) to connect the pulleys (331) in series so as to provide a reverse force to reduce the relative speed between the hull and the pontoon.

4. The automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock absorbing mechanism (32) comprises a bearing plate (321) slidably mounted in the frame (1); the bearing plate (321) is connected to a primary buffer mechanism (322) for absorbing the impact force between the hull and the pontoon through elastic force; the primary buffer mechanism (322) is connected to a secondary buffer mechanism (323) for bearing the impact force transmitted by the primary buffer mechanism (322) through magnetic mutual repulsion.

5. The automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The primary buffer mechanism (322) comprises a sleeve (326) connected to the bearing plate (321), a slide rod (324) is slidably installed in the sleeve (326), a No. 2 spring (325) for providing elastic force is mounted on the slide rod (324), and one end of the slide rod (324) away from the sleeve (326) is connected to the secondary buffer mechanism (323).

6. The automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary buffer mechanism (323) comprises two permanent magnets (327) distributed in the frame (1) and parallelly distributed along the width direction of the frame (1) to form magnetic repulsion, wherein the permanent magnet (327) close to the bearing plate (321) is connected to the primary buffer mechanism (322), and the permanent magnet (327) far from the bearing plate (321) is fixed in the frame (1), and a baffle (328) distributed between the two permanent magnets (327) to limit the sliding distance of the permanent magnet (327) is fixed in the frame (1).

7. The automatic ship docking device based on permanent magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal moving mechanism (43) drives the lower magnetic system (42) to move one magnetic pole unit in the horizontal direction, so that the magnet units (46) of the upper magnetic system (41) and the lower magnetic system (42) form a superimposed magnetic field to present a magnetic state, so that the magnetic conductive plate (44) generates magnetism for adsorption.

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