A battery under-voltage protection control circuit

Abstract

The application discloses a battery under-voltage protection control circuit and relates to the technical field of battery control circuits applied to rail transit vehicles. The battery under-voltage protection control circuit comprises symmetrically arranged batteries, wherein the positive pole of the battery is connected with a circuit breaker and the normally open contact of a battery output contactor; the other end of the circuit breaker is connected with a battery starting switch, the normally open contact of a battery activation relay, the normally open contact of a battery delay control relay and a battery stop switch; and the other end of the battery starting switch is connected with the normally closed contact of a train activation relay. The battery under-voltage relay of the application sets a lower limit value of the battery voltage, and monitors the battery voltage in real time; when the battery voltage is lower than the lower limit value, the battery is disconnected through the auxiliary contact of the battery under-voltage relay, the battery output can be started and disconnected at the same time at any end, and after the battery is normally started, the control function of the battery starting switch at both ends can be cut off, thereby preventing repeated starting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery control circuit technology for use in rail transit vehicles, specifically a battery undervoltage protection control circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Storage batteries, also known as secondary batteries, are characterized by converting electrical energy into chemical energy for storage during charging and converting chemical energy back into electrical energy for output during discharging.

[0003] The main function of the train's storage battery is to provide power for the vehicle's permanent loads, to provide power for the vehicle's low-voltage loads when the charger is not working, and to provide power for the vehicle's activation.

[0004] During discharge, the stored electrical energy of a battery is gradually released. When the voltage drops to the battery's lower limit, discharge should be stopped and the battery recharged to restore its energy storage. Continuing to discharge below the lower limit will damage the active materials of the battery electrodes, causing them to lose their responsiveness and shortening the battery's lifespan.

[0005] During vehicle commissioning, operation, and maintenance, due to vehicle malfunctions or limitations in wiring conditions, the vehicle may be powered solely by the battery. Operators can check the battery voltage using a human-machine interface or voltmeter. Due to the complexity of on-site operations, failure to promptly detect low battery voltage can lead to continuous over-discharge, causing battery undervoltage, damage, and shortened lifespan. A battery voltage below the relay's engagement voltage can prevent vehicle activation. Abnormal power disconnection can also damage the vehicle's electrical equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery undervoltage protection control circuit to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery undervoltage protection control circuit, comprising symmetrically arranged batteries. The positive terminal of the batteries is connected to a circuit breaker and a normally open contact of a battery output contactor. The other end of the circuit breaker is connected to a battery start switch, a normally open contact of a battery activation relay, a normally open contact of a battery delay control relay, and a battery stop switch. The other end of the battery start switch is connected to a normally closed contact of a train activation relay. The normally closed contact of the train activation relay is connected to the positive terminal of the battery activation relay coil, the positive terminal of the battery undervoltage relay coil, and the normally open contact of the battery undervoltage relay. The normally open contact of the activation relay is connected to the normally closed contact of the battery disconnect relay. The normally closed contact of the battery disconnect relay is connected to the normally open contact of the battery undervoltage relay. The normally open contact of the battery delay control relay is connected to the positive terminal of the battery output contactor coil. The normally open contact of the battery activation relay is connected to the normally open contact of the battery undervoltage relay. The normally closed contact of the battery activation relay is connected to the positive terminal of the train activation relay coil at this end, the positive terminal of the battery delay control relay coil at this end, the positive terminal of the train activation relay coil at the other end, the positive terminal of the battery delay control relay coil at the other end, and the normally closed contact of the battery activation relay at the other end.

[0008] Furthermore, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the negative terminals of the battery activation relay coil, the battery undervoltage relay coil, the battery output contactor coil, the train activation relay coil, the battery disconnect relay coil, and the battery delay control relay coil, respectively, as well as the negative terminals of the other battery, the battery activation relay coil, the battery undervoltage relay coil, the battery output contactor coil, the train activation relay coil, the battery disconnect relay coil, and the battery delay control relay coil.

[0009] Furthermore, the negative terminal of the battery is also connected to the other end of the battery negative terminal and the negative terminal of the vehicle's electrical equipment.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery stop switch is connected to the positive terminal of the battery disconnect relay coil at this end, the battery stop switch at the other end, and the positive terminal of the battery disconnect relay coil at the other end.

[0011] Furthermore, the normally open contact of the battery undervoltage relay is connected to the normally closed contact of the battery activation relay at this end and the normally closed contact of the battery activation relay at the other end.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery start switch and battery stop switch are self-resetting switches, the battery undervoltage relay is an undervoltage relay, and the battery delay control relay is a power-off delay relay.

[0013] Furthermore, the normally open contact of the battery output contactor is connected to the normally open contact of the other end of the battery output contactor and the positive terminal of the vehicle's electrical equipment.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] This battery undervoltage protection control circuit sets a lower limit for the battery voltage via a battery undervoltage relay and monitors the battery voltage in real time. When the battery voltage falls below the lower limit, the battery is disconnected via the auxiliary contacts of the battery undervoltage relay.

[0016] During the battery disconnection process, the battery delay control relay is set to control the battery to disconnect the power supply after a set time. During the delayed disconnection period, the vehicle network system can judge the battery working status by collecting the status of the auxiliary contact of the battery activation relay, and disconnect important electrical equipment of the vehicle in advance to protect electrical equipment from damage in the event of low battery voltage or abnormal power failure.

[0017] This invention enables simultaneous start-up and disconnection of the battery output from either end. After the battery starts normally, the start-up switch control function of both ends of the battery can be cut off to prevent repeated starts. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Battery; 2. Circuit breaker; 3. Battery start switch; 4. Battery stop switch; 5. Battery activation relay; 6. Battery undervoltage relay; 7. Battery output contactor; 8. Train activation relay; 9. Battery disconnect relay; 10. Battery delay control relay; 11. Vehicle electrical equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various components shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale; for example, the thickness or width of some layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined or described in one figure, it will not need to be discussed or described in detail in the description of the subsequent figures.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, this invention provides a technical solution: a battery undervoltage protection control circuit, including a battery 1, a circuit breaker 2, a battery start switch 3, a battery stop switch 4, a battery activation relay 5, a battery undervoltage relay 6, a battery output contactor 7, a train activation relay 8, a battery disconnect relay 9, a battery delay control relay 10, and vehicle electrical equipment 11. The control circuit is symmetrical, corresponding to the driver's cab at both ends. The positive terminal of the battery 1 is connected to the normally open contact of the circuit breaker 2 and the battery output contactor 7. The other end of the circuit breaker 2 is connected to the normally open contact of the battery start switch 3, the normally open contact of the battery activation relay 5, the normally open contact of the battery delay control relay 10, and the battery stop switch 4. The other end of the battery start switch 3 is connected to the normally closed contact of the train activation relay 8. The normally closed contact of the train activation relay 8 is connected to the positive terminal of the coil of the battery activation relay 5, the positive terminal of the coil of the battery undervoltage relay 6, and the normally open contact of the battery undervoltage relay 6. The normally open contact of the battery activation relay 5 is connected to the normally closed contact of the battery disconnect relay 9. The normally closed contact of relay 9 is connected to the battery disconnect relay 9; the normally closed contact of relay 9 is connected to the normally open contact of battery undervoltage relay 6; the normally open contact of battery delay control relay 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the coil of battery output contactor 7; the normally open contact of battery activation relay 5 is connected to the normally open contact of battery undervoltage relay 6; the normally open contact of battery undervoltage relay 6 is connected to the normally closed contact of battery activation relay 5 at this end and the normally closed contact of battery activation relay 5 at the other end; the normally closed contact of battery activation relay 5 at this end is connected to the positive terminal of the coil of train activation relay 8 at this end and the battery at this end. The positive terminal of the delay control relay 10 coil, the positive terminal of the train activation relay 8 coil, the positive terminal of the battery delay control relay 10 coil, and the normally closed contact of the battery activation relay 5 are connected. The local battery stop switch 4 is connected to the positive terminal of the local battery disconnect relay 9 coil, the positive terminal of the other battery stop switch 4, and the positive terminal of the other battery disconnect relay 9 coil. The normally open contact of the local battery output contactor 7 is connected to the normally open contact of the other battery output contactor 7 and the positive terminal of the vehicle electrical equipment 11. The negative terminal of the local battery 1 is connected to the local battery activation relay 5. The negative terminals of relay 5, battery undervoltage relay 6, battery output contactor 7, train activation relay 8, battery disconnect relay 9, and battery delay control relay 10 are connected to the negative terminals of battery 1, battery activation relay 5, battery undervoltage relay 6, battery output contactor 7, train activation relay 8, battery disconnect relay 9, battery delay control relay 10, and vehicle electrical equipment 11. Battery start switch 3 and battery stop switch 4 are self-resetting switches, battery undervoltage relay 6 is an undervoltage relay, and battery delay control relay 10 is a power-off delay relay.

[0025] Based on the battery technical parameters and vehicle load power parameters, set the voltage threshold of the battery undervoltage relay 6; set the delay duration of the battery delay control relay 10 according to the vehicle load technical parameters; close the circuit breaker 2 to automatically disconnect the circuit when a short circuit, overload or other fault occurs, for the protection and control circuit.

[0026] When the vehicle starts normally with battery 1, closing the battery start switch 3 at either end energizes the coil of battery activation relay 5. If the voltage of battery 1 is greater than the set value at this time, the coil of battery undervoltage relay 6 is energized. The coils of battery activation relay 5 and battery undervoltage relay 6 form a self-locking circuit through the normally open contact of battery activation relay 5, the normally closed contact of battery disconnect relay 9, and the normally open contact of battery undervoltage relay 6. The normally closed contact of battery activation relay 5 at this end opens, and the coils of train activation relay 8 at both ends and battery delay control relay 10 are energized through the normally open contact of battery activation relay 5, the normally closed contact of battery undervoltage relay 6, and the normally closed contact of battery activation relay 5 at the other end. With the normally closed contacts of train activation relay 8 at both ends open, battery start switch 3 fails, preventing repeated battery starting. The normally open contact of battery delay control relay 10 closes, energizing the coil of battery output contactor 7. The normally open contact of battery output contactor 7 closes, energizing vehicle electrical equipment 11, and battery 1 starts normally.

[0027] If the voltage of battery 1 is less than the set value when the battery start switch 3 is closed, the coil of the battery undervoltage relay 6 will not be energized, and battery 1 will not start.

[0028] When the vehicle stops normally (battery 1), closing the battery stop switch 4 at either end energizes the coils of the battery disconnect relays 9 at both ends, causing the normally closed contacts of the battery disconnect relays 9 to open. This de-energizes the coils of the battery activation relay 5 and the battery undervoltage relay 6, causing the normally open contacts of the battery activation relay 5 and the battery undervoltage relay 6 to open. This also de-energizes the coils of the train activation relay 8 at both ends and the battery delay control relay 10. The vehicle network system can then disconnect important vehicle loads by collecting the status of the auxiliary contacts of the battery activation relay 5. When the normally closed contact of the train activation relay 8 closes, the battery start switch 3 resumes function, the normally open contact of the battery delay control relay 10 opens after a set delay, the coil of the battery output contactor 7 de-energizes, and the normally open contact of the battery output contactor 7 opens. This de-energizes the vehicle's electrical equipment 11, and the battery stops normally.

[0029] After battery 1 starts normally, if the voltage is lower than the set value of battery undervoltage relay 6, the normally open contact of battery undervoltage relay 6 will open, de-energizing the coils of battery activation relay 5 and battery undervoltage relay 6. The normally open contacts of battery activation relay 5 and battery undervoltage relay 6 will also open, de-energizing the coils of train activation relay 8 and battery delay control relay 10. The vehicle network system can disconnect important vehicle loads by collecting the status of the auxiliary contact of battery activation relay 5. The normally closed contact of train activation relay 8 will close, restoring the function of battery start switch 3. The normally open contact of battery delay control relay 10 will open after the set delay, de-energizing the coil of battery output contactor 7. The normally open contact of battery output contactor 7 will open, de-energizing vehicle electrical equipment 11, and battery 1 will stop normally. This prevents electrical equipment from operating under low voltage for extended periods, ensuring vehicle safety and avoiding undervoltage operation, thus extending battery life.

[0030] When the voltage of battery 1 is lower than the voltage threshold of battery undervoltage relay 6, if it is necessary to start the charger to charge the battery, the battery 1 can be forcibly connected by resetting the voltage threshold of battery undervoltage relay 6, starting the vehicle's high-voltage equipment, and connecting the charger to charge the battery.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery undervoltage protection control circuit, comprising symmetrically arranged batteries (1), characterized in that: The positive terminal of the battery (1) is connected to the normally open contact of the circuit breaker (2) and the battery output contactor (7). The other end of the circuit breaker (2) is connected to the normally open contact of the battery start switch (3), the normally open contact of the battery activation relay (5), the normally open contact of the battery delay control relay (10), and the battery stop switch (4). The other end of the battery start switch (3) is connected to the normally closed contact of the train activation relay (8). The normally closed contact of the train activation relay (8) is connected to the positive terminal of the coil of the battery activation relay (5), the positive terminal of the coil of the battery undervoltage relay (6), and the normally open contact of the battery undervoltage relay (6). The normally open contact of the battery activation relay (5) is connected to the battery disconnect relay (9). The normally closed contacts are connected, the normally closed contacts of the battery disconnect relay (9) are connected to the normally open contacts of the battery undervoltage relay (6), the normally open contacts of the battery delay control relay (10) are connected to the positive terminal of the coil of the battery output contactor (7), the normally open contacts of the battery activation relay (5) are connected to the normally open contacts of the battery undervoltage relay (6), and the normally closed contacts of the battery activation relay (5) are connected to the positive terminal of the coil of the train activation relay (8) at this end, the positive terminal of the coil of the battery delay control relay (10) at this end, the positive terminal of the coil of the train activation relay (8) at the other end, the positive terminal of the coil of the battery delay control relay (10) at the other end, and the normally closed contacts of the battery activation relay (5) at the other end. The negative terminal of the battery (1) is connected to the negative terminal of the coil of the battery activation relay (5), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery undervoltage relay (6), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery output contactor (7), the negative terminal of the coil of the train activation relay (8), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery disconnect relay (9), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery delay control relay (10), and the negative terminal of the other end of the battery (1), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery activation relay (5), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery undervoltage relay (6), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery output contactor (7), the negative terminal of the coil of the train activation relay (8), the negative terminal of the coil of the battery disconnect relay (9), and the negative terminal of the coil of the battery delay control relay (10). The negative terminal of the battery (1) is also connected to the negative terminal of the other end of the battery (1) and the negative terminal of the vehicle electrical equipment (11).

2. The battery undervoltage protection control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery stop switch (4) is connected to the positive terminal of the coil of the battery disconnect relay (9) at this end, the positive terminal of the coil of the battery stop switch (4) at the other end, and the positive terminal of the coil of the battery disconnect relay (9) at the other end.

3. The battery undervoltage protection control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normally open contact of the battery undervoltage relay (6) is connected to the normally closed contact of the battery activation relay (5) on this end and the normally closed contact of the battery activation relay (5) on the other end.

4. The battery undervoltage protection control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery start switch (3) and battery stop switch (4) are self-resetting switches, the battery undervoltage relay (6) is an undervoltage relay, and the battery delay control relay (10) is a power-off delay relay.

5. A battery undervoltage protection control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normally open contact of the battery output contactor (7) is connected to the normally open contact of the other end of the battery output contactor (7) and the positive terminal of the vehicle electrical equipment (11).

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