Electrical machinery and excitation department

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrical machine that can increase output while satisfying appearance requirements by increasing the degree of freedom in the structure. In a rotating electrical machine (M1), an armature portion has an armature core (H1, H2) and a plurality of coils (CL) mounted on the armature core (H1). An excitation portion (Fs) can rotate relative to the armature portion and includes a plurality of magnets (Mg) and a plurality of excitation cores (22N, 22S). In the excitation portion (Fs), the magnet (Mg) is arranged between two excitation cores (22N, 22S) adjacent to each other in the rotation direction. The armature cores (H1, H2) are separated from each other in a direction intersecting with the rotation direction. Each armature core (H1, H2) has a magnetic pole group (G1, G2), respectively. The magnetic pole group (G1) included in the armature core (H1) and the magnetic pole group (G2) included in the armature core (H2) constitute a magnetic pole group pair (P) that forms a magnetic circuit via the excitation portion (Fs). The armature cores (H1, H2) are magnetically separated. The closed magnetic circuit is composed of at least two magnetic pole pairs (P).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrical machine and an excitation unit. Background Art

[0002] In Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3, the stator core comprises multiple core sections arranged in the direction of rotation, each of which is provided with multiple coils. Each core section comprises two axially opposed plate-like portions and multiple magnetic poles projecting radially from each of the two plate-like portions. The two axially opposed plate-like portions are magnetically coupled, and a magnetic circuit is formed by these two plate-like portions and magnets provided on the rotor.

[0003] For example, in Patent Document 1, two stator plates 15 are axially opposed and magnetically coupled via a bridge core 10. Radially protruding magnetic poles (claw poles 12, 13) are formed on each stator plate 15. Also in Patent Document 2, pole teeth 23, 27 are formed on axially opposed magnetic pole plates 21, 25, respectively, that face the rotor. The magnetic pole plates 21, 25 are magnetically coupled via an axially extending magnetic pole core 22d. Similarly, in Patent Document 3, the upper portion 2a and lower portion 2b of the fixed core 2 are axially opposed, and protrusions 2c, 2d (magnetic poles) are formed on each of the upper portion 2a and lower portion 2b. The upper portion 2a and lower portion 2b are magnetically coupled via the axially extending stator dust core 1.

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Patent Literature

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-513599

[0007] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-306745

[0008] Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-185087 Summary of the Invention

[0009] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0010] In the structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3, two axially opposed plate-like portions are magnetically coupled via an axially extending portion, thereby forming a closed magnetic circuit. This magnetic circuit imposes significant restrictions on the placement of the two plate-like portions, limiting the degree of structural freedom. Consequently, achieving high torque while simultaneously meeting the requirements for the rotating electrical machine's external shape presents difficulties.

[0011] Technical means to solve the problem

[0012] (1) The electric machine proposed in the present invention comprises: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one armature core; and at least one excitation portion capable of relative movement relative to the armature portion, comprising a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two excitation cores adjacent to each other in the direction of relative movement, i.e., the direction of mechanical operation. The plurality of armature cores are separated from each other in a direction intersecting the direction of mechanical operation, and each of the plurality of armature cores has a plurality of magnetic pole groups, each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups having at least one magnetic pole. In two of the armature cores included in the plurality of armature cores, the magnetic pole group included in one armature core and the magnetic pole group included in the other armature core constitute a magnetic pole group pair forming a magnetic circuit via the at least one excitation portion. The two armature cores are magnetically separated. A closed magnetic circuit comprises at least two of the magnetic pole group pairs. The magnetic flux formed by the magnets included in the magnetic circuit flows through the at least two magnetic pole group pairs through the at least one coil.

[0013] In the electric machine of (1), the two armature cores constituting the magnetic circuit are magnetically separated, so the position of the armature core is less restricted, thereby increasing the freedom of the electric machine's structure. If the freedom of structure increases, the freedom of the electric machine's shape increases, so that, for example, a flat shape can be easily achieved. In addition, the output of the electric machine can be increased while meeting the requirements for the shape of the electric machine. If the freedom of structure is further increased, the control of the flow of magnetic flux in the armature core becomes easier, so the freedom of material selection can be increased, such as not only using a powdered iron core but also being able to easily use laminated steel plates. In addition, the structure of the electric machine proposed by the present invention can be applied to rotating electric machines as well as linear electric machines. In addition, the rotating electric machine can be a radial gap type in which the excitation part and the armature part face each other in the radial direction, or an axial gap type in which the excitation part and the armature part face each other in the axial direction. In addition, the armature part can be fixed and the excitation part can be moved, or the excitation part can be fixed and the armature part can be moved.

[0014] (2) In the electrical machine of (1), the plurality of armature cores include a first armature core and a second armature core, the first armature core including a first magnetic pole group and a second magnetic pole group separated and magnetically coupled in the mechanical operation direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, and the second armature core including a third magnetic pole group and a fourth magnetic pole group separated and magnetically coupled in the mechanical operation direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. Preferably, the first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group form a first magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair, the second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group form a second magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair, and the closed magnetic circuit includes the first magnetic pole group pair and the second magnetic pole group pair. According to this structure, there is no need to magnetically separate the armature core between the first magnetic pole group and the second magnetic pole group. Therefore, the strength of the armature core can be increased, and the assembly accuracy or the position accuracy of the magnetic poles can be improved. In addition, the structure of this electrical machine is the same and can be applied to both rotating motors and linear motors. In addition, the rotating motor can be of radial gap type or axial gap type. Furthermore, the armature portion may be fixed and the field portion may be moved, or the field portion may be fixed and the armature portion may be moved.

[0015] (3) In the electrical machine of (1), the plurality of armature cores may include a first armature core, a second armature core, and a third armature core. The first armature core may include a first magnetic pole group and a second magnetic pole group separated and magnetically coupled in the mechanical operation direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. Preferably, the second armature core includes a third magnetic pole group and a fourth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical operation direction, and a fifth magnetic pole group and a sixth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical operation direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, and the third magnetic pole group and the fifth magnetic pole group are arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction and are magnetically coupled, and the fourth magnetic pole group and the sixth magnetic pole group are arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction and are magnetically coupled. The third armature core may include a seventh magnetic pole group and an eighth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical operation direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The at least one excitation unit may include a first excitation unit and a second excitation unit separated in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction. The first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group can constitute a first magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the first excitation part. The second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group can constitute a second magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the first excitation part. The fifth magnetic pole group and the seventh magnetic pole group can constitute a third magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the second excitation part. The sixth magnetic pole group and the eighth magnetic pole group can constitute a fourth magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the second excitation part. The closed magnetic circuit can include at least the first to fourth magnetic pole group pairs. According to this structure, there is no need to magnetically separate the armature core between the first magnetic pole group and the second magnetic pole group. Therefore, the strength of the first armature core having the first and second magnetic pole groups can be increased, and assembly accuracy and magnetic pole position accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, the structure of this electric machine is the same and can be applied to both rotary and linear motors. Furthermore, the rotary motor can be either a radial gap type or an axial gap type. Furthermore, the armature portion can be fixed while the excitation portion is movable, or the excitation portion can be fixed while the armature portion is movable.

[0016] (4) In the electrical machine of (1), the plurality of armature cores may include a first armature core and a second armature core separated in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction. The first armature core may include a first magnetic pole group and a second magnetic pole group arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction and magnetically coupled as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The second armature core may include a third magnetic pole group and a fourth magnetic pole group arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction and magnetically coupled as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. Preferably, the at least one excitation portion includes a first excitation portion and a second excitation portion separated in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction, the first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group forming a first magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair forming the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the first excitation portion, and the second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group or a magnetic pole group different from the fourth magnetic pole group forming a second magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair forming the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the second excitation portion. The closed magnetic circuit may include the first magnetic pole pair and the second magnetic pole pair. The structure of this electrical machine is similar and can be applied to both rotating and linear motors. Furthermore, the rotating motor may be of either a radial gap or axial gap type. Furthermore, the armature portion may be fixed while the excitation portion moves, or the excitation portion may be fixed while the armature portion moves.

[0017] (5) In the electric machine described in (1) to (4), in each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the at least one magnetic pole may include a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in the direction of the machine's operation. This structure can increase the driving force (torque output by the rotary motor and force output by the linear motor) output by the electric machine.

[0018] In the electric machines described in (1) to (5), the excitation unit and the armature unit are capable of relative rotation, and the mechanical operation direction can be the rotational direction. Consequently, in a radial gap type rotating electrical machine, the armature core structure can be simplified, the armature core strength can be increased, and assembly accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, in a radial gap type rotating electrical machine, the freedom of material selection can be increased, such as allowing the armature core to be constructed solely of electromagnetic steel sheets or constructed of pressed powder material.

[0019] (6) In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (5), at least one of the plurality of armature cores may be formed from a plurality of steel plates stacked in a direction intersecting the direction of movement of the machine. This suppresses the generation of induced current and increases the driving force (torque output by the rotary motor and force output by the linear motor) output by the electric machine. In this electric machine, the entire armature core may be formed from stacked steel plates, or a portion of the armature core may be formed from stacked steel plates and another portion may be formed from a pressed powder material.

[0020] (7) In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (6), the at least one magnetic pole in each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups may be shaped to protrude toward the excitation unit.

[0021] (8) In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (7), at least one of the plurality of armature cores may include a main body in the at least one magnetic pole that projects toward the excitation portion, and a protrusion extending from the main body in a direction intersecting the direction of mechanical operation. This structure reduces the magnetic resistance between the armature portion and the excitation portion. Furthermore, this structure mitigates magnetic saturation of the excitation core because the protrusion assumes a portion of the magnetic flux flow path within the excitation core that intersects the direction of mechanical operation.

[0022] (9) In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (8), at least one of the plurality of armature cores may be composed of a plurality of armature core sections that are independently formed and coupled to each other. This improves the yield of the core material during manufacture of the armature core, compared to a structure in which the entire armature core is integrally formed.

[0023] (10) In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (9), preferably, at least one of the plurality of armature cores includes a yoke core portion, the yoke core portion including steel plates stacked in a direction facing the excitation portion, and the magnetic pole portion including steel plates stacked in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the steel plates included in the yoke core portion. This can suppress the generation of induced currents, expand the range of applications of the stacked steel plates, and increase the driving force (torque output by a rotary motor and force output by a linear motor) output by the electric machine. In this electric machine, the entire armature core may be composed of stacked steel plates, or a portion of the armature core may be composed of stacked steel plates and another portion may be formed of a pressed powder material.

[0024] (11) In the electrical machine described in any one of (1) to (10), it is preferred that the number of phases of the electrical machine is an odd number greater than or equal to 3, the armature portion has one coil or two or more coils having the same winding direction for each phase, the plurality of armature cores includes an eleventh armature core and a twelfth armature core, the eleventh armature core having an eleventh armature core separated in the direction of movement of the machine.

[0025] The plurality of magnetic pole groups includes a magnetic pole group and a twelfth magnetic pole group. The twelfth armature core includes a thirteenth magnetic pole group and a fourteenth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical operation direction. The eleventh and thirteenth magnetic pole groups constitute an eleventh magnetic pole group pair, and the twelfth and fourteenth magnetic pole groups constitute a twelfth magnetic pole group pair. The coil is disposed on each of the eleventh and twelfth magnetic pole group pairs. When the angle between two adjacent excitation cores of the same polarity is set to 360 degrees in electrical angle, the eleventh and twelfth magnetic pole group pairs are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360 × (n + m / s)" degrees. Here, s, m, and n represent the following numbers, respectively.

[0026] s: number of phases,

[0027] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0028] n: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0029] (12) In the electrical machine described in (11), it is preferred that the excitation unit and the armature unit are relatively rotatable, and when (the number of poles of the excitation unit) / 2 is set to p and the number of coils of each phase is set to c, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c". Thus, the magnetic flux of the magnet can be efficiently guided to the armature core, and the magnetic flux passing through the coil can be increased, thereby obtaining high torque. The magnetic pole pairs can be evenly arranged in the rotational direction, and the imbalance of magnetic force can be suppressed, thereby achieving reductions in cogging torque, torque ripple, vibration, and noise.

[0030] (13) In the electrical machine described in any one of (1) to (10), it is preferred that the number of phases of the electrical machine is an odd number greater than or equal to 3, the armature portion has a coil pair consisting of two coils having different winding directions for each phase, the plurality of armature cores include an eleventh armature core and a twelfth armature core, the eleventh armature core has an eleventh magnetic pole group, a twelfth magnetic pole group, and a fifteenth magnetic pole group separated in the direction of mechanical movement as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the twelfth armature core further has a thirteenth magnetic pole group, a fourteenth magnetic pole group, and a sixteenth magnetic pole group separated in the direction of mechanical movement as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the eleventh magnetic pole group and the thirteenth magnetic pole group constitute an eleventh magnetic pole group pair, the twelfth The magnetic pole group and the fourteenth magnetic pole group constitute a twelfth magnetic pole group pair, the fifteenth magnetic pole group and the sixteenth magnetic pole group constitute a thirteenth magnetic pole group pair, the winding direction of the coil of the eleventh magnetic pole group pair is the same as the winding direction of the coil of the twelfth magnetic pole group pair, the coil of the eleventh magnetic pole group pair and the coil of the thirteenth magnetic pole group pair constitute the coil pair, and when the angle between two adjacent excitation cores of the same polarity is set to 360 degrees in electrical angle, (i) the eleventh magnetic pole group pair and the twelfth magnetic pole group pair are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s)" degrees, and (ii) the eleventh magnetic pole group pair and the thirteenth magnetic pole group pair are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(q+1 / 2)" degrees. Here, s, m, n, and q respectively represent the following numbers.

[0031] s: number of phases,

[0032] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0033] n: an integer greater than 1,

[0034] q: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0035] (14) In the electrical machine described in (13), it is preferred that the excitation unit and the armature unit are relatively rotatable, and when (the number of poles of the excitation unit) / 2 is set to p and the number of coil pairs of each phase is set to c, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c". Accordingly, the magnetic flux of the magnet can be efficiently guided to the armature core, and the magnetic flux passing through the coil can be increased, thereby obtaining high torque. Therefore, the magnetic pole pairs can be evenly arranged in the rotational direction, and the imbalance of magnetic force can be reduced, thereby achieving reductions in cogging torque, torque ripple, vibration, and noise.

[0036] (15) In the electrical machine described in any one of (1) to (10), it is preferred that the number of phases of the electrical machine is an even number greater than 2, the armature portion has a coil pair consisting of two coils having different winding directions for each phase, the plurality of armature cores includes an eleventh armature core and a twelfth armature core, the eleventh armature core has an eleventh magnetic pole group, a twelfth magnetic pole group, and a fifteenth magnetic pole group separated in the direction of mechanical movement as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the twelfth armature core has a thirteenth magnetic pole group, a fourteenth magnetic pole group, and a sixteenth magnetic pole group separated in the direction of mechanical movement as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, and the eleventh magnetic pole group and the thirteenth magnetic pole group constitute an eleventh magnetic pole group pair, the twelfth magnetic pole group The fourteenth magnetic pole group constitutes a twelfth magnetic pole group pair, the fifteenth magnetic pole group and the sixteenth magnetic pole group constitute a thirteenth magnetic pole group pair, the winding direction of the coil of the eleventh magnetic pole group pair is the same as the winding direction of the coil of the twelfth magnetic pole group pair, the coil of the eleventh magnetic pole group pair and the coil of the thirteenth magnetic pole group pair constitute the coil pair, and when the angle between two adjacent excitation cores of the same polarity is set to 360 degrees in electrical angle, (i) the eleventh magnetic pole group pair and the twelfth magnetic pole group pair are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s / 2)" degrees, and (ii) the eleventh magnetic pole group pair and the thirteenth magnetic pole group pair are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(q+1 / 2)" degrees relative to each other. Here, s, m, n, and q respectively represent the following numbers.

[0037] s: number of phases,

[0038] n: an integer greater than 1,

[0039] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0040] q: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0041] (16) In the electrical machine described in (15), it is preferred that the excitation unit and the armature unit are relatively rotatable, and when (the number of poles of the excitation unit) / 2 is set to p and the number of coil pairs of each phase is set to c, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s / 2)" is substantially equal to "180 / s / c". Thus, the magnetic flux of the magnet can be efficiently guided to the armature core, and the magnetic flux passing through the coil can be increased, thereby obtaining high torque. The magnetic pole pairs can be evenly arranged in the rotational direction, and the imbalance of magnetic force can be reduced, thereby achieving reductions in cogging torque, torque ripple, vibration, and noise.

[0042] (17) In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (16), at least one of the two magnetic pole groups of each of the at least two magnetic pole group pairs forming the closed magnetic circuit may be

[0043] According to this structure, the magnetic flux of the magnet flowing in the magnetic pole group passes through the coil efficiently.

[0044] (18) In the electrical machine described in any one of (1) to (17), preferably, the magnetic pole group includes a plurality of magnetic poles as the at least one magnetic pole, and the at least one coil includes a first coil surrounding the plurality of magnetic poles, and a second coil disposed inside the first coil and surrounding a portion of the plurality of magnetic poles. This allows for efficient use of the space between the magnetic poles. Furthermore, the width (number of turns) of a single coil can be reduced.

[0045] (19) In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (3) and (5) to (7), preferably, at least one of the plurality of armature cores includes two magnetic pole groups arranged along the direction of mechanical operation and a yoke portion provided between the two magnetic pole groups, and the at least one coil is wound around the yoke portion. With this structure, the magnetic flux of the magnet flowing through the magnetic pole group passes through the coil efficiently.

[0046] In the electrical machine described in any one of (1) to (19), the plurality of armature cores and the plurality of coils can be reinforced with a non-magnetic and insulating material. This structure can prevent the coils from breaking. Furthermore, the heat capacity of the armature portion can be increased, which can mitigate the temperature rise during operation of the electrical machine. Furthermore, the workability during assembly of the electrical machine can be improved.

[0047] (20) In the electrical machine described in any one of (1) to (19), preferably, each of the plurality of magnets is magnetized in the direction of mechanical operation, and each of the plurality of excitation cores includes two partial excitation cores disposed between two adjacent magnets, the two partial excitation cores being separated in the direction of mechanical operation. This can suppress accumulation of errors in the positions of the magnets and the excitation cores, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the magnets and the excitation cores.

[0048] (21) In the electrical machine described in (20), each of the two partially excited cores may include a plurality of steel plates stacked along the direction of the machine's operation. This can suppress the generation of induced current and increase the driving force (torque output by the rotary motor and force output by the linear motor) output by the electrical machine.

[0049] In the electric machine described in any one of (1) to (21), the plurality of magnets and the plurality of field cores can be reinforced with a non-magnetic and insulating material. This can improve the assemblability of the rotating electrical machine.

[0050] (22) The excitation unit of the electric machine proposed in the present invention is capable of moving relative to the armature unit in the mechanical operation direction. Preferably, the excitation unit is magnetized in the mechanical operation direction and has a plurality of magnets arranged in the mechanical operation direction, and a plurality of excitation cores arranged in the mechanical operation direction. Preferably, each of the plurality of excitation cores includes two partial excitation cores arranged between two adjacent magnets, and the two partial excitation cores are separated in the mechanical operation direction. According to the structure of the excitation unit, the accumulation of errors in the positions of the magnets and the excitation cores can be suppressed, thereby improving the position accuracy of the magnets and the excitation cores. In addition, the excitation unit of the electric machine proposed in the present invention can be applied to rotating motors and linear motors. In addition, the rotating motor can be of a radial gap type in which the excitation unit and the armature unit face each other in the radial direction, or of an axial gap type in which the excitation unit and the armature unit face each other in the axial direction. In addition, the armature unit can be fixed and the excitation unit can be moved, or the excitation unit can be fixed and the armature unit can be moved.

[0051] (23) The electrical machine proposed in the present invention comprises: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one of the armature cores; and at least one excitation portion capable of relative movement in a mechanical operation direction relative to the armature portion, and comprising a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two adjacent excitation cores in the mechanical operation direction. The armature portion comprises a plurality of armature cores separated in a second direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction as the plurality of armature cores, each of the plurality of armature cores having a plurality of magnetic poles. A first armature core among the plurality of armature cores comprises a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole. A second armature core among the plurality of armature cores comprises a third magnetic pole and a fourth magnetic pole. The first magnetic pole, the second magnetic pole, the third magnetic pole, the fourth magnetic pole, the plurality of excitation cores, and the plurality of magnets form a closed magnetic circuit. The magnetic flux generated by the multiple magnets flows between the first and second magnetic poles and between the third and fourth magnetic poles. Between the first and third magnetic poles, the magnetic flux flows through a portion of the multiple excitation cores in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction, and between the second and fourth magnetic poles, the magnetic flux flows through another portion of the multiple excitation cores in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction. This structure eliminates the need for magnetic separation of the armature core between the first and second magnetic poles. This simplifies the armature core structure, increases its strength, and improves assembly accuracy. Furthermore, the simplified armature core structure allows for greater flexibility in material selection, enabling the armature core to be constructed solely of electromagnetic steel sheets or of pressed powder material. The electrical machine structure proposed by the present invention can be applied to both rotating electric machines and linear motors. The rotating electric machine can be of a radial gap type, in which the excitation and armature components face each other radially, or an axial gap type, in which the excitation and armature components face each other axially. Furthermore, the armature portion may be fixed and the field portion may be moved, or the field portion may be fixed and the armature portion may be moved.

[0052] (24) The electric machine proposed in the present invention comprises: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one armature core; and at least one excitation portion capable of relative movement relative to the armature portion and comprising a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two excitation cores adjacent to each other in the direction of relative movement, i.e., the direction of mechanical operation. The plurality of armature cores are separated from each other in a direction intersecting the direction of mechanical operation. Each of the plurality of armature cores has a plurality of magnetic pole groups, each of which has at least one magnetic pole. Of the two armature cores included in the plurality of armature cores, one armature core is located in a first direction intersecting the direction of mechanical operation relative to the excitation portion, and the other armature core is located in a second direction intersecting the direction of mechanical operation and different from the first direction relative to the excitation portion. According to this structure, in the electric machine, the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the two armature cores is increased, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in the shape of the electric machine, and for example, it is easy to realize a flat shape. In addition, the structure of the electric machine proposed in the present invention can be applied to both rotating motors and linear motors. Furthermore, the rotating electrical machine can be of a radial gap type, in which the excitation portion and the armature portion face each other in the radial direction, or of an axial gap type, in which the excitation portion and the armature portion face each other in the axial direction. Furthermore, the armature portion can be fixed while the excitation portion moves, or the excitation portion can be fixed while the armature portion moves.

[0053] (25) In the electric machine described in (24), the one armature core and the other armature core of the two armature cores may be located on opposite sides of each other with the excitation portion interposed therebetween. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1A This is a perspective view showing a first example of a rotating electrical machine that is one of the electric machines proposed by the present invention.

[0055] Figure 1B It is an exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine of the first example.

[0056] Figure 1C It is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine of the first example.

[0057] Figure 2 It is a development view showing the positions of magnetic poles included in the armature portion of the rotating electrical machine according to the first example.

[0058] Figure 3A This is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the field core included in the field unit and the magnetic poles included in the armature unit.

[0059] Figure 3B This figure is used to illustrate the positional relationship between the field core of the field part and the magnetic pole of the armature part. Figure 3ASchematic diagram of the flow of magnetic flux in the magnet in the cross-sections A, B, and C shown.

[0060] Figure 4 This figure shows the magnetic flux flowing in the armature portion of the rotating electrical machine according to Example 1. In this figure, the armature core is separated in the axial direction, and the excitation portion is omitted.

[0061] Figure 5A This diagram illustrates the relationship between the position of the excitation unit and the magnetic flux passing through each phase coil of the rotating electrical machine of the first example. The horizontal axis represents the position of the excitation unit in electrical degrees, and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux passing through the coil.

[0062] Figure 5B 1 is a diagram showing changes in magnetic flux generated by the rotating electrical machine of the first example.

[0063] Figure 6A It is a diagram showing an example of changes in the magnetic pole arrangement.

[0064] Figure 6B It means that the armature core has Figure 6A The horizontal axis represents the position of the excitation unit (electrical angle), and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux.

[0065] Figure 7A It is a diagram showing an example of changes in the magnetic pole arrangement.

[0066] Figure 7B It means that the armature core has Figure 7A The horizontal axis represents the position of the excitation unit (electrical angle), and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux.

[0067] Figure 8A It is a diagram showing an example of changes in the magnetic pole arrangement.

[0068] Figure 8B It means that the armature core has Figure 8A The horizontal axis represents the position of the excitation unit (electrical angle), and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux.

[0069] Figure 9A 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an example of changes in the magnetic pole width in the rotation direction.

[0070] Figure 9B It means that the armature core has Figure 9A The horizontal axis represents the position of the excitation unit (electrical angle), and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux.

[0071] Figure 10 It is a diagram showing an example of a magnetic pole shape.

[0072] Figure 11 It is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine in which the number of armature cores is changed.

[0073] Figure 12A This is a perspective view showing another example of a rotating electrical machine in which the number of armature cores is changed.

[0074] Figure 12B yes Figure 12A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0075] Figure 13 It is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine including a coil wound around a yoke portion.

[0076] Figure 14 It means in Figure 13 A diagram showing the magnetic flux flowing in the armature portion of a rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. In this diagram, the armature core is separated in the axial direction and the excitation portion is omitted.

[0077] Figure 15A It is used to illustrate Figure 13 The diagram shows the relationship between the position of the excitation unit of the rotating electrical machine and the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil.

[0078] Figure 15B Yes Figure 13 A diagram showing changes in magnetic flux formed by a rotating electrical machine is shown.

[0079] Figure 16A It is a perspective view showing another example of a rotating electrical machine including a coil wound around a yoke portion.

[0080] Figure 16B yes Figure 16A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0081] Figure 17A It is used to illustrate Figure 16A The diagram shows the relationship between the position of the excitation unit of the rotating electrical machine and the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil.

[0082] Figure 17B Yes Figure 16A A diagram showing changes in magnetic flux formed by a rotating electrical machine is shown.

[0083] Figure 18 It is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine having an armature core formed of a compressed powder material.

[0084] Figure 19A This is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine in which an excitation unit is arranged inside an armature core.

[0085] Figure 19B Yes Figure 19AAn exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0086] Figure 19C Yes Figure 19A FIG. 1 is a portion of a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles included in an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine.

[0087] Figure 20A This is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine in which a plurality of armature cores have the same structure.

[0088] Figure 20B yes Figure 20A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0089] Figure 20C Yes Figure 20A FIG. 1 is a portion of a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles included in an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine.

[0090] Figure 21A It is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine having a protruding portion protruding in the axial direction.

[0091] Figure 21B yes Figure 21A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0092] Figure 21C yes Figure 21A FIG. 1 is a plan view of an armature core included in an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine.

[0093] Figure 22A This is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine in which a plurality of armature cores have the same structure.

[0094] Figure 22B yes Figure 22A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0095] Figure 22C Yes Figure 22A FIG. 1 is a portion of a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles included in an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine.

[0096] Figure 23A This is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine having two coils of the same phase with different winding directions.

[0097] Figure 23B yes Figure 23A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0098] Figure 23C Yes Figure 23A FIG. 1 is a portion of a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles included in an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine.

[0099] Figure 23D This figure shows a variation of the coil winding method. This figure shows an example of a stacked winding.

[0100] Figure 23E 1 and 2 are diagrams showing variations of coil winding methods. This diagram shows an example of wave winding.

[0101] Figure 24A This is a diagram showing another example of a rotating electrical machine having two coils of the same phase with different winding directions.

[0102] Figure 24B yes Figure 24A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0103] Figure 24C Yes Figure 24A A portion of a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles included in an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine is shown.

[0104] Figure 25A It is a perspective view showing an example of a rotating electrical machine having an even number of phases.

[0105] Figure 25B yes Figure 25A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0106] Figure 25C Yes Figure 25B FIG. 1 is a portion of a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles included in an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine.

[0107] Figure 26A This is an exploded perspective view of an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine in which the armature core is composed of a plurality of partial cores.

[0108] Figure 26B yes Figure 26A An enlarged top view of the armature core is shown.

[0109] Figure 27 This is an exploded perspective view of an armature portion included in another example of a rotating electrical machine in which the armature core is composed of a plurality of partial cores.

[0110] Figure 28A This is an exploded perspective view of an armature portion of another example of a rotating electrical machine in which the armature core is composed of a plurality of partial cores.

[0111] Figure 28B yes Figure 28A An enlarged top view of the armature core is shown.

[0112] Figure 29A This is a diagram showing an example of a connection mechanism between partial iron cores (partial armature iron cores).

[0113] Figure 29B This is a diagram showing another example of a connection mechanism between some cores.

[0114] Figure 29C This is a diagram showing another example of a connection mechanism between some cores.

[0115] Figure 30 This is a diagram showing another example of the connection mechanism between partial cores (partial armature cores).

[0116] Figure 31 This is a diagram showing another example of a connection mechanism between some cores.

[0117] Figure 32 This is a diagram showing another example of a connection mechanism between some cores.

[0118] Figure 33 This is a diagram showing another example of a connection mechanism between some cores.

[0119] Figure 34A It is a perspective view of an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine including a magnetic pole having a protruding portion.

[0120] Figure 34B yes Figure 34A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0121] Figure 35A This is a diagram showing an example of a protrusion formed on a magnetic pole.

[0122] Figure 35B This is a diagram showing another example of a protrusion formed on a magnetic pole.

[0123] Figure 35C This is a diagram showing another example of the protrusion formed on the magnetic pole.

[0124] Figure 35D This is a diagram showing another example of the protrusion formed on the magnetic pole.

[0125] Figure 36A It is a perspective view of an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine having a dust iron core having magnetic poles formed with protrusions.

[0126] Figure 36B yes Figure 36A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0127] Figure 37A This is a diagram showing an example of a protrusion formed on a magnetic pole.

[0128] Figure 37B This is a diagram showing another example of a protrusion formed on a magnetic pole.

[0129] Figure 37C This is a diagram showing another example of the protrusion formed on the magnetic pole.

[0130] Figure 38A It is a perspective view of an armature portion of a rotating electrical machine having an armature core formed of laminated steel plates and a pressed powder material.

[0131] Figure 38B yes Figure 38A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0132] Figure 39 This is a diagram showing an example of an armature portion molded with resin.

[0133] Figure 40A It is a perspective view showing an example of an excitation unit.

[0134] Figure 40B yes Figure 40A A cross-sectional view of the excitation portion is shown.

[0135] Figure 40C It is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation unit.

[0136] Figure 40D It is a perspective view showing an excitation unit having a connecting portion.

[0137] Figure 40E yes Figure 40D A cross-sectional view of the excitation portion is shown.

[0138] Figure 40F It is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation unit having the connection portion.

[0139] Figure 40G It is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation portion having the connection portion.

[0140] Figure 40H It is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation portion having the connection portion.

[0141] Figure 41 This is a perspective view showing another example of the excitation unit having the connection portion.

[0142] Figure 42A This is a perspective view showing another example of the excitation unit.

[0143] Figure 42B yes Figure 42A A cross-sectional view of the excitation portion is shown.

[0144] Figure 43 This is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation unit.

[0145] Figure 44This is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation unit.

[0146] Figure 45 This is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation unit.

[0147] Figure 46 This is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation unit.

[0148] Figure 47 This is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the excitation unit.

[0149] Figure 48A This is a perspective view showing an example of a linear motor as one of the electric machines proposed by the present invention.

[0150] Figure 48B yes Figure 48A An exploded perspective view of the linear motor is shown.

[0151] Figure 48C This is an example of a cross-sectional view of an excitation unit included in a linear motor.

[0152] Figure 49A This is a perspective view showing an example of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine which is one of the electric machines proposed by the present invention.

[0153] Figure 49B yes Figure 49A An exploded perspective view of an armature portion of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0154] Figure 49C yes Figure 49A A perspective view of an excitation unit included in the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0155] Figure 50A This is a perspective view of another example of a rotating electrical machine.

[0156] Figure 50B yes Figure 50A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0157] Figure 51A This is a perspective view of another example of a rotating electrical machine.

[0158] Figure 51B yes Figure 51A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0159] Figure 52 This shows an example of an armature portion in which a plurality of coils are provided on one magnetic pole group.

[0160] Figure 53 This figure is used to explain an example of an electric machine having armature cores disposed on opposite sides of an excitation unit, and shows a state facing the electric machine in the direction of machine operation.

[0161] Figure 54A Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of an example of a radial gap type rotating electrical machine showing the arrangement of the armature core.

[0162] Figure 54B yes Figure 54A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0163] Figure 55 It is used to illustrate Figure 54A and Figure 54B A diagram showing a variation of the illustrated rotating electrical machine.

[0164] Figure 56A Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of an example of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine showing the arrangement of the armature core.

[0165] Figure 56B yes Figure 56A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0166] Figure 56C yes Figure 56A A cross-sectional view of the armature core and the excitation part is shown.

[0167] Figure 57A Yes means having Figure 53 The arrangement of the armature core is shown in FIG. Figure 56A The rotating motor is different.

[0168] Figure 57B yes Figure 57A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0169] Figure 58A Yes means having Figure 53 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing another example of a rotating electrical machine showing the arrangement of the armature cores. The armature cores are formed of laminated steel plates.

[0170] Figure 58B yes Figure 58A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0171] Figure 59A This is a diagram for explaining a structure for suppressing the generation of an induced current in the armature core.

[0172] Figure 59B This is a diagram for explaining a structure for suppressing the generation of an induced current in the armature core.

[0173] Figure 59C This figure is used to explain the structure for suppressing the generation of induced current in the armature core. Figure 59A Examples of changes.

[0174] Figure 59D This figure is used to explain the structure for suppressing the generation of induced current in the armature core. Figure 59A Examples of changes.

[0175] Figure 59E This figure is used to explain the structure for suppressing the generation of induced current in the armature core. Figure 59A Examples of changes.

[0176] Figure 59F This is a diagram for explaining a structure for suppressing the generation of an induced current in the armature core.

[0177] Figure 59G This is a cross-sectional view for explaining a structure for suppressing the generation of an induced current in the armature core.

[0178] Figure 59H This is a diagram for explaining a structure for suppressing the generation of an induced current in the armature core.

[0179] Figure 59I This is a diagram for explaining a structure for suppressing the generation of an induced current in the armature core.

[0180] Figure 59J This is a diagram for explaining a structure for suppressing the generation of an induced current in the armature core.

[0181] Figure 60 Yes means having Figure 58A and Figure 58B The arrangement of the armature core is shown in FIG. Figure 58A The rotating motor is different.

[0182] Figure 61A It is a diagram showing an example of changes in the magnetic poles of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine.

[0183] Figure 61B It is a diagram showing an example of changes in the magnetic poles of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine.

[0184] Figure 62 This is a perspective view showing an example of an armature portion molded with resin and used in an axial gap type rotating electrical machine.

[0185] Figure 63A Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of an example of a linear motor showing the arrangement of the armature core.

[0186] Figure 63B Yes Figure 63A The diagram shows an example of the change of magnetic poles.

[0187] Figure 64 Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of another example of a linear motor showing the arrangement of the armature core.

[0188] Figure 65A Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of another example of a linear motor showing the arrangement of the armature core shown in FIG. The armature core is formed of laminated steel plates.

[0189] Figure 65B yes Figure 65A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0190] Figure 66 This is a perspective view showing an example of an armature portion molded with resin and used in a linear motor.

[0191] Figure 67 Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of another example of a linear motor showing the arrangement of the armature core shown.

[0192] Figure 68 Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of another example of a linear motor showing the arrangement of the armature core shown.

[0193] Figure 69A Yes means having Figure 53 A perspective view of another example of a linear motor showing the arrangement of the armature core shown.

[0194] Figure 69B yes Figure 69A An exploded perspective view of the linear motor is shown.

[0195] Figure 70 This is a perspective view showing a modified example of an armature core used in a linear motor.

[0196] Figure 71A This is a diagram showing an example of an electric machine that realizes movement of a movable part along a curve.

[0197] Figure 71B Yes Figure 71A FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a modified example of an electric machine.

[0198] Figure 72 This is a schematic diagram of an electric machine having a variation of the arrangement of the armature core when viewed in the direction of machine operation.

[0199] Figure 73 This is a schematic diagram of an electric machine having a variation of the arrangement of the armature core when viewed in the direction of machine operation.

[0200] Figure 74This is a schematic diagram of an electric machine having a variation of the arrangement of the armature core when viewed in the direction of machine operation.

[0201] Figure 75 This is a schematic diagram of an electric machine having a variation of the arrangement of the armature core when viewed in the direction of machine operation.

[0202] Figure 76A Yes Figure 75 A diagram showing a linear motor as a specific example of the illustrated electric machine.

[0203] Figure 76B It means facing in the direction of mechanical action. Figure 76A The situation of the linear motor is shown in the figure.

[0204] Figure 77A Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 53 Schematic diagram of a modified example of an electrical machine shown.

[0205] Figure 77B Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 80A Schematic diagram of a modified example of an electrical machine shown.

[0206] Figure 78A Yes Figure 77B A diagram showing a linear motor as a specific example of the illustrated electric machine.

[0207] Figure 78B Yes Figure 77B A diagram showing a linear motor as a specific example of the illustrated electric machine.

[0208] Figure 79 Yes Figure 77B A diagram showing a linear motor as a specific example of the illustrated electric machine.

[0209] Figure 80A Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 53 Schematic diagram of a modified example of an electrical machine shown.

[0210] Figure 80B Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 80A Schematic diagram of a modified example of an electrical machine shown.

[0211] Figure 81A Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 53 A schematic diagram of another variation of the electrical machine shown.

[0212] Figure 81B Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 81A Schematic diagram of a modified example of an electrical machine shown.

[0213] Figure 82A It is used to illustrate Figure 53 The schematic diagram of the modified example of the electric machine shown in the figure shows that the combination of the armature core and the excitation part is expanded in the core-opposing direction.

[0214] Figure 82B It is used to illustrate Figure 82A Schematic diagram of a modified example of the electric machine shown.

[0215] Figure 82C It is used to illustrate Figure 82A Schematic diagram of a modified example of the electric machine shown.

[0216] Figure 83A Yes Figure 82A FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0217] Figure 83B Yes Figure 83A Diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux in an electrical machine.

[0218] Figure 84A Yes Figure 82A FIG. 1 is a diagram of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0219] Figure 84B yes Figure 84A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0220] Figure 85A Yes Figure 82A FIG. 1 is a diagram showing another example of an axial gap rotating electrical machine as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0221] Figure 85B yes Figure 85A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0222] Figure 86A Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 53 A schematic diagram of another variation of the electrical machine shown.

[0223] Figure 86B It is used to illustrate Figure 86A Schematic diagram of a modified example of the electric machine shown.

[0224] Figure 87A Yes Figure 86A FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0225] Figure 87B Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 87A The linear motor is shown in the figure.

[0226] Figure 88A Yes Figure 86B FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0227] Figure 88B Observe in the direction of mechanical movement Figure 88A The linear motor is shown in the figure.

[0228] Figure 89A Yes Figure 88B FIG. 1 is a diagram of a rotating electrical machine as a specific example of an electric machine shown.

[0229] Figure 89B yes Figure 88A An exploded perspective view of the rotating electrical machine shown.

[0230] Figure 90A This is a schematic diagram of an example of an electric machine in which a magnetic circuit is formed by two excitation units and three armatures, viewed in the direction of mechanical operation.

[0231] Figure 90B Yes Figure 90A Diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux in an electrical machine.

[0232] Figure 91A Yes Figure 90A FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0233] Figure 91B Yes Figure 91A A diagram showing a variation of the linear motor shown.

[0234] Figure 92 It is related to the configuration of the armature core Figure 90A Schematic diagram of a modified example of the electric machine shown.

[0235] Figure 93A This is a schematic diagram of another example of an electric machine in which a magnetic circuit is formed by two excitation units and three armatures, viewed in the direction of mechanical operation.

[0236] Figure 93B Yes Figure 93A Diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux in an electrical machine.

[0237] Figure 94 Yes Figure 93A FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0238] Figure 95A This is a schematic diagram of another example of an electric machine in which a magnetic circuit is formed by two excitation units and three armatures, viewed in the direction of mechanical operation.

[0239] Figure 95B Yes Figure 95A Diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux in an electrical machine.

[0240] Figure 96 Yes Figure 95A FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0241] Figure 97 Yes Figure 90A FIG. 1 is a diagram of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0242] Figure 98 Yes Figure 90A FIG. 1 is a diagram showing another example of an axial gap rotating electrical machine as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0243] Figure 99 This diagram is used to explain an example of an electric machine in which a magnetic circuit is formed by three excitation units and four armature cores, and shows the flow of magnetic flux in the electric machine.

[0244] Figure 100A This is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electric machine in which a magnetic circuit is formed only in a direction intersecting the direction of machine operation.

[0245] Figure 100B Yes Figure 100A Diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux in an electrical machine.

[0246] Figure 101 Yes Figure 100A FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0247] Figure 102A Yes Figure 100A Schematic diagram of a modified example of the electric machine shown.

[0248] Figure 102B Yes Figure 100A A schematic diagram of another variation of the electrical machine shown.

[0249] Figure 103A Yes Figure 100A A schematic diagram of another variation of the electrical machine shown.

[0250] Figure 103B Yes Figure 103A A schematic diagram of another variation of the electrical machine shown.

[0251] Figure 103C Yes Figure 103A A schematic diagram of another variation of the electrical machine shown.

[0252] Figure 104A Yes Figure 103B FIG. 1 is a diagram of a linear motor as a specific example of an electric machine.

[0253] Figure 104B yes Figure 104A An exploded perspective view of the linear motor is shown.

[0254] Figure 105 Yes Figure 100A Schematic diagram of a modified example of the electric machine shown.

[0255] Figure 106 This diagram is used to explain an example of an electric machine in which a magnetic circuit is formed by three excitation units and three armature cores, and shows the flow of magnetic flux in the electric machine.

[0256] Figure 107A This is a diagram showing an example of an excitation portion having a plurality of exposed surfaces.

[0257] Figure 107B This is a diagram showing another example of an excitation portion having a plurality of exposed surfaces.

[0258] Figure 107C This is a diagram showing another example of an excitation portion having a plurality of exposed surfaces.

[0259] Figure 108A It is a perspective view showing an example of an excitation unit formed of electromagnetic steel sheets.

[0260] Figure 108B is Figure 108A The stacking direction of the electromagnetic steel sheets shown faces the excitation unit.

[0261] Figure 108C This is a perspective view showing another example of the excitation unit formed of electromagnetic steel sheets. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0262] The following describes embodiments of the electrical machine proposed by the present invention. In this specification, electrical machines include, for example, rotating electrical machines that function as electric motors or generators, or linear motors. Rotating electrical machines include radial-gap types, in which the armature and excitation components face each other in the radial direction of the rotating electrical machine, and axial-gap types, in which the armature and excitation components face each other in the axial direction of the rotating electrical machine.

[0263] In this manual, Figure 1AThe direction along the axis Ax1 (the straight line passing through the center of rotation) of the rotating motor M1 shown in FIG. 1 is referred to as the "axial direction," and the rotational direction of the rotating motor M1 centered on the axis Ax1 is simply referred to as the "rotational direction." In this specification, "rotational direction" and "axial direction" refer to the "substantial rotational direction" and "substantial axial direction." Thus, for example, when the magnetization direction of a magnet is described as the rotational direction, or when the stacking direction of the steel sheets forming the excitation core is described as the rotational direction, this means that the magnetization direction and the stacking direction include the direction of the tangent of the circle centered on the axis Ax1. Furthermore, in this specification, the mechanical operating direction in a rotating motor refers to the rotational direction of the movable part (armature or excitation part), while in a linear motor, it refers to the direction of movement of the movable part (armature or excitation part). In a rotating motor, one of the directions intersecting the mechanical operating direction is the axial direction, and the other is the radial direction of the rotating motor. In a linear motor, if the mechanical operating direction is defined as the left-right direction, one of the directions intersecting the mechanical operating direction is the front-to-back direction, and the other is the up-to-down direction. In addition, in a linear motor, a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction also includes a direction that is orthogonal to the mechanical operation direction and is inclined with respect to both the front-rear direction and the up-down direction.

[0264] In this specification, the term "mechanical angle" refers to an angle expressed relative to one rotation around the axis Ax1 in a rotary electric machine, when the rotation around the axis Ax1 is assumed to be 360 ​​degrees. In contrast, the term "electrical angle" refers to an angle (or distance) expressed relative to the angle between two adjacent field cores (e.g., field core 22N described below) of the same polarity in a rotary electric machine or linear motor, when the rotation around the axis Ax1 is assumed to be 360 ​​degrees.

[0265] [Basic structure]

[0266] right Figure 1A The radial gap type rotating motor M1 exemplified by the above is described. Figure 1A As shown, the rotary electric machine M1 includes an excitation part Fs and an armature part Am1 ( Figure 1A, a portion of the excitation part Fs in the rotation direction is not shown). For example, the excitation part Fs is a rotor, and the armature part Am1 is a stator. The excitation part Fs is supported in a manner that allows it to rotate in a device that carries the rotating electrical machine M1, and the armature part Am1 is fixed to a structure possessed by the device that carries the rotating electrical machine M1. For example, when the rotating electrical machine M1 is mounted on an electric vehicle (a two-wheeled vehicle or a four-wheeled vehicle, etc.), the excitation part Fs is supported in a manner that allows it to rotate and is connected to the wheel. On the other hand, the armature part Am1 is fixed to, for example, a vehicle body frame. In addition, the armature part Am1 may be a rotor, and the excitation part Fs may be a stator. When the armature part Am1 is a rotor, it is preferable to supply current to the following coil CL possessed by the armature part Am1 through brushes and slip rings, or brushes and a commutator, etc.

[0267] [Overview of the Excitation Unit]

[0268] In the rotating electrical machine M1, the excitation unit Fs is arranged so as to surround the outer side of the armature unit Am1. Figure 1A As shown in FIG, the field magnet part Fs includes a plurality of permanent magnets Mg arranged in the rotation direction, and a plurality of field cores 22N and 22S also arranged in the rotation direction. Figure 3B In the figure, the magnetization direction of the magnet Mg is indicated by an arrow. The magnet surface in the direction indicated by the arrow is the north pole, and the magnet surface opposite the north pole surface is the south pole. As shown in the figure, the magnet Mg is magnetized in the direction of rotation of the rotating electrical machine M1 (the direction of mechanical operation). In this specification, "the magnet Mg is magnetized in the direction of rotation of the rotating electrical machine M1" means that the magnetization direction includes the direction of the tangent to the circle at the location of the magnet Mg (the circle centered on the axis Ax1 of the rotating electrical machine). The magnetization directions of two adjacent magnets Mg are opposite, and the two adjacent magnets Mg are arranged so that the same polarity faces each other. Field cores 22N and 22S are arranged between the two adjacent magnets Mg. The field core 22N is the field core located between the north pole surfaces of the two adjacent magnets Mg, and the field core 22S is the field core located between the south pole surfaces of the two adjacent magnets Mg. The field cores 22N and 22S can be composed of, for example, laminated steel plates, pressed powder material, or a combination thereof. The excitation cores 22N and 22S have a magnetic field collecting effect, which collects the magnetic flux on the entire surface of the magnet Mg and guides it to the armature part Am1. As a result, the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg can be effectively used. As the structure of the excitation part Fs, for example, Figures 40A to 47 The structures of the disclosed excitation units Fs1 to Fs8 will be described below with reference to these drawings.

[0269] [Armature part]

[0270] like Figure 1AAs shown, the armature unit Am1 has a plurality of armature cores H1 and H2 arranged in the axial direction. In the rotating electrical machine M1, the armature unit Am1 has one first armature core H1 and two second armature cores H2. The first armature core H1 is arranged between the two second armature cores H2. The armature cores H1 and H2 may have different shapes and sizes. In the rotating electrical machine M1, the first armature core H1 is provided with coils CLu, CLv, and CLw, while the second armature core H2 is not provided with any coils. Furthermore, the thickness (axial width) of the first armature core H1 is greater than the thickness (axial width) of the second armature core H2. This prevents the magnetic flux density flowing through the first armature core H1 from becoming excessively high.

[0271] The number and arrangement of the armature cores are not limited to the example of the rotating electrical machine M1. The armature cores H1 and H2 may have the same shape. This reduces the number of parts for the armature cores H1 and H2 and the number of molds. Furthermore, as described below, the rotating electrical machine may also be constructed, for example, from only one first armature core H1 and one second armature core H2.

[0272] [First armature core]

[0273] like Figure 1B As shown, the first armature core H1 is provided with a plurality of coils CLu, CLv, and CLw. (Hereinafter, in the description without distinguishing between coil types, the coils are referred to as "CL"). Furthermore, the first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w arranged in the direction of rotation. (Hereinafter, in the description without distinguishing between the three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w, the magnetic pole group is referred to as G1.)

[0274] Each magnetic pole group G1 has a plurality of magnetic poles 33a arranged in the direction of rotation. Each magnetic pole group G1 preferably has two or more magnetic poles 33a. In the rotating electrical machine M1, each magnetic pole group G1 comprises five magnetic poles 33a. The magnetic poles 33a are protruding portions formed on the surface of the first armature core H1 facing the field magnet portion Fs. In other words, the magnetic poles 33a are radially protruding portions. Two adjacent magnetic poles 33a are separated from each other in the direction of rotation. The magnetic flux flowing between the field magnet portion Fs and the first armature core H1 passes concentratedly through these magnetic poles 33a.

[0275] The first armature core H1 has an annular yoke portion 33c centered on the axis Ax1 (see Figure 1B ).like Figure 3BAs shown, each magnetic pole group G1 has a common base 33b to which the multiple magnetic poles 33a forming it are connected. The common base 33b protrudes from the yoke 33c toward the field magnet Fs, and the magnetic poles 33a protrude from the common base 33b toward the field magnet Fs. The magnetic pole group G1 may not have a common base 33b. In this case, the multiple magnetic poles 33a may be directly connected to the yoke 33c.

[0276] In the armature core H1 of the armature part Am1, magnetic flux flows between the magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the rotation direction, and in the armature core H2, magnetic flux flows between the magnetic pole groups G2 arranged in the rotation direction (see Figure 4 ). The coil CL is configured so that the magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic pole group G1 arranged in the rotation direction passes through the inner side of the coil CL. Specifically, as Figure 1B As shown, the coil CL is provided in the magnetic pole group G1 and is wound around the plurality of magnetic poles 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1. With this arrangement of the coil CL, the magnetic flux formed by the magnet Mg efficiently intersects with the coil CL.

[0277] The rotating electric machine M1 is driven by AC power. For example, three-phase AC power is supplied to the rotating electric machine M1. Figure 1B As shown, the first armature core H1 has a U-phase coil CLu, a V-phase coil CLv, and a W-phase coil CLw. The U-phase coil CLu, the V-phase coil CLv, and the W-phase coil CLw are respectively arranged in the magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w. In the rotating electrical machine M1, two coils CL with the same winding direction (two coils CL that generate magnetic fields of the same polarity) are provided for one phase. When the rotating electrical machine M1 is viewed in the axial direction, the coils CLu, CLv, and CLw are arranged in the direction of rotation. This balances the magnetic forces acting on the armature portion Am1 and the excitation portion Fs. In addition, the number of coils CL provided in one phase may be more than two, or may be one.

[0278] like Figure 2 As shown, in the rotating motor M1, the winding direction of the coil CL is the same. Figure 2 (In the figure, the arrow of the coil CL indicates the winding direction of the coil) The winding direction corresponds to the direction of the current supplied to the coil CL from the converter not shown in the figure, and when the current direction is positive, the current flows in the direction of the arrow. When the current direction is negative, the current flows in the opposite direction of the arrow. In addition, the position, number and winding direction of the coil CL are not limited to the example of the rotating motor M1. For example, the number of coils set for each phase can also be 1, or more than 3. In addition, the number of phases can also be an odd number of 3 or more, such as 5 or 7, or an even number of 2 or more. Examples of changes in the position, number and winding direction of the coils are described in detail below.

[0279] [Second armature core]

[0280] like Figure 1B and Figure 2 As shown, the second armature core H2 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G2u, G2v, and G2w arranged in the direction of rotation. (In the following description, when the three magnetic pole groups G2u, G2v, and G2w are not distinguished, the symbol G2 is used for the magnetic pole group.) Each magnetic pole group G2 is composed of a plurality of magnetic poles 34a arranged in the direction of rotation. The number of magnetic poles 34a in each magnetic pole group G2 is preferably two or more. In the rotating electrical machine M1, each magnetic pole group G2 is composed of six magnetic poles 34a. Figure 1B As shown, the magnetic poles 34a are protruding portions formed on the surface of the second armature core H2 facing the field magnet Fs. In the rotary electric machine M1, the magnetic poles 34a are radially protruding portions. The second armature core H2 includes an annular yoke portion 34c centered on the axis Ax1. The magnetic poles 34a protrude from the yoke portion 34c toward the field magnet Fs. Adjacent magnetic poles 34a are separated from each other in the rotational direction. The magnetic flux flowing between the field magnet Fs and the second armature core H2 is concentrated through these magnetic poles 34a.

[0281] like Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, in the rotating electrical machine M1, the three magnetic pole groups G2u, G2v, and G2w of the second armature core H2 can be positioned axially (in a direction intersecting the direction of mechanical operation) relative to the three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w of the first armature core H1. As described above, the rotating electrical machine M1 includes two second armature cores H2, and each magnetic pole group G1 is positioned between two axially separated magnetic pole groups G2. As will be described in detail below, the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg does not flow directly between the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2, but rather flows through the excitation cores 22N and 22S (see FIG. 2 ). Figure 4 ).

[0282] [Positional relationship of magnetic poles]

[0283] The position of the magnetic pole 33a of the first armature core H1 and the position of the magnetic pole 34a of the second armature core H2 are offset in the rotation direction. Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the position of the magnetic pole 33a in the rotation direction is between two magnetic poles 34a adjacent to each other in the rotation direction. In addition, the position of the magnetic pole 34a in the rotation direction is between two magnetic poles 33a adjacent to each other in the rotation direction.

[0284] like Figure 2 As shown, the position of the magnetic pole 33a is, for example, the middle of two adjacent magnetic poles 34a, and the position of the magnetic pole 34a is, for example, the middle of two adjacent magnetic poles 33a. Figure 2The numerical values ​​shown are obtained by expressing the angle (distance) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees. In the rotating electrical machine M1, the two adjacent magnetic poles 33a in the rotation direction are separated by an electrical angle of 360 degrees, and the position of the magnetic pole 33a in the rotation direction and the position of the magnetic pole 34a in the rotation direction are separated by an electrical angle of 180 degrees. As described below Figures 6A to 9B As shown in the example, the angle (distance) between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a in the rotational direction can be slightly less than 180 degrees or slightly greater than 180 degrees. Furthermore, the two magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 can have the same number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a, or one can have one more magnetic pole than the other. In the rotating electrical machine M1, each magnetic pole group G1 has five magnetic poles 33a, and each magnetic pole group G2 has six magnetic poles 34a.

[0285] [Positional relationship between the excitation core and the magnetic pole]

[0286] When the field portion Fs is fixed at a certain position, the magnet Mg, the field cores 22N and 22S, and the magnetic poles 33a and 34a have the following positional relationship.

[0287] like Figure 3B As shown, the positions of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a of the armature cores H1 and H2 in the rotation direction correspond to the positions of the excitation cores 22N and 22S in the rotation direction, respectively. That is, each magnetic pole 33a is opposite to the excitation core 22N (or 22S), and forms a magnetic circuit with the excitation core 22N (or 22S). Similarly, each magnetic pole 34a is opposite to the excitation core 22S (or 22N), and forms a magnetic circuit with the excitation core 22S (or 22N). (In Figure 3B (In the figure, lines Φ1 and Φ2 represent the magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic circuit.) As long as the magnetic poles 33a and 34a can form a magnetic circuit with the field cores 22N and 22S, the positions of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a do not need to completely coincide with the positions of the field cores 22N and 22S. The offset between the positions of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a and the positions of the field cores 22N and 22S only needs to be within 90 degrees in electrical angle.

[0288] exist Figure 3BIn the illustrated state, the position of the field core 22N coincides with the position of the magnetic pole 33a of the magnetic pole group G1u, and the position of the field core 22S coincides with the position of the magnetic pole 34a of the magnetic pole group G2u. The field core 22S faces the magnetic pole 33a of the magnetic pole groups G1v and G1w, and the field core 22N faces the magnetic pole 34a of the magnetic pole groups G2v and G2w. Specifically, although the position of the field core 22S in the rotational direction is offset by 60 degrees in electrical angle relative to the position of the magnetic pole 33a of the magnetic pole groups G1v and G1w, magnetic flux is allowed to flow between the field core 22S and the magnetic pole 33a of the magnetic pole groups G1v and G1w. Similarly, although the position of the field core 22N in the rotational direction is offset by 60 degrees in electrical angle relative to the magnetic pole 34a of the magnetic pole groups G2v and G2w, magnetic flux is allowed to flow between the field core 22N and the magnetic pole 34a of the magnetic pole groups G2v and G2w. Based on this positional relationship, the following closed magnetic circuit is formed.

[0289] [Details of the arrangement of magnetic poles and excitation core]

[0290] The positions of the magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 in the rotation direction and the positions of the field cores 22N and 22S are described in detail. In this description, a pair of the magnetic pole group G1u and the magnetic pole group G2u arranged in the axial direction is expressed as a magnetic pole group pair Pu (see Figure 2 ), the magnetic pole group G1v and the magnetic pole group G2v arranged in the axial direction are expressed as a magnetic pole group pair Pv (refer to Figure 2 ), the magnetic pole group G1w and the magnetic pole group G2w arranged in the axial direction are expressed as a magnetic pole group pair Pw (refer to Figure 2 ). In the following description, when these three magnetic pole pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw are not distinguished, the symbol P is used for the magnetic pole pair.

[0291] The number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a is the same across the multiple magnetic pole group pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw. Specifically, the number of magnetic poles 33a in each of the magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w of the first armature core H1 is the same, for example, five. Furthermore, the number of magnetic poles 34a in each of the magnetic pole groups G2u, G2v, and G2w of the second armature core H2 is also the same, for example, six. Preferably, the spacing between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a is also substantially the same across the multiple magnetic pole group pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw. That is, the intervals between the magnetic poles 33a (the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a) are preferably substantially the same in the three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w of the first armature core H1, and the intervals between the magnetic poles 34a (the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles 34a) are preferably substantially the same in the three magnetic pole groups G2u, G2v, and G2w of the second armature core H2. In addition, the intervals between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a in each magnetic pole group G1 do not need to be the same, and for example, as described below, they may be Figure 8AIn this case, the plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 may each have a plurality of magnetic poles 33a arranged at uneven intervals, with the intervals between the magnetic poles 33a of one magnetic pole group G1 and another magnetic pole group G1 being the same. Similarly, the intervals between two adjacent magnetic poles 34a in each magnetic pole group G2 do not need to be the same, and may be, for example, as described below. Figure 8A In this case, each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 may have magnetic poles 34a arranged at uneven intervals, and the intervals between the magnetic poles 34a of one magnetic pole group G2 and another magnetic pole group G2 may be the same.

[0292] More preferably, the width and / or height of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a can be made substantially the same in the plurality of magnetic pole pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw. Figure 2 where width W10) and / or height ( Figure 2 The height h10 in the figure is substantially the same in the three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w of the first armature core H1. The width and / or height of the magnetic pole 34a are substantially the same in the three magnetic pole group pairs G2u, G2v, and G2w of the second armature core H2. That is, it is preferred that the three magnetic pole group pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw have the same structure. In other words, it is preferred that if one magnetic pole group pair (for example, Pu) is rotated and moved around the axis Ax1, it becomes another magnetic pole group pair P (for example, Pv, Pw). In addition, it is not necessary to make the widths of all the magnetic poles 33a constituting each magnetic pole group G1 the same, or to make the heights of all the magnetic poles 33a constituting each magnetic pole group G1 the same. For example, as described below, Figure 9A As illustrated, the widths of the plurality of magnetic poles 33a constituting each magnetic pole group G1 and / or the heights of the plurality of magnetic poles 33a are made uneven. In this case, each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 can be made up of a plurality of magnetic poles 33a having uneven widths and / or uneven heights, and the widths and heights of the magnetic poles 33a of one magnetic pole group G1 and another magnetic pole group G1 are the same. Similarly, it is not necessary to make the widths of all the magnetic poles 34a constituting each magnetic pole group G2 the same, or to make the heights of all the magnetic poles 34a constituting each magnetic pole group G2 the same. For example, as described below, Figure 9A As shown in the example, the widths of the plurality of magnetic poles 34a constituting each magnetic pole group G2 and / or the heights of the plurality of magnetic poles 34a are made non-uniform. In this case, each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 can be made up of a plurality of magnetic poles 34a having non-uniform widths and / or non-uniform heights, and the widths and heights of the magnetic poles 34a of one magnetic pole group G2 and another magnetic pole group G2 can be the same.

[0293] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is substantially "360×(n+m / s)" degrees in electrical angle.

[0294] s: number of phases,

[0295] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0296] n: an integer greater than 1,

[0297] There is a difference in electrical angle (360 × m / s) between the angle (distance) between the magnetic poles 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu and the field core 22N (or 22S) and the angle (distance) between the magnetic poles 33a (or 34a) of the other magnetic pole pair Pv, Pw and the field core 22N (or 22S). In the rotating electrical machine M1, s = 3, n = 6, and m = 1. Therefore, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is 2,280 degrees in electrical angle. Therefore, for example, when the magnetic poles 33a of the magnetic pole pair Pu are directly opposite the field core 22N, the positions of the magnetic poles 33a of the magnetic pole pair Pv, Pw are offset by 120 degrees in electrical angle relative to the field core 22N. In this description, the angle (distance) between two magnetic pole pairs P specifically refers to the angle (distance) between the centers of the magnetic pole groups G1 in the rotational direction, or the angle (distance) between the centers of the magnetic pole groups G2 in the rotational direction. For example, the angle (distance) between the centers of the magnetic pole groups G1 refers to the distance between the center of the magnetic pole group G1u in the rotational direction and the center of the magnetic pole group G1v in the rotational direction. Similarly, the angle (distance) between the centers of the magnetic pole groups G2 refers to the distance between the center of the magnetic pole group G2u in the rotational direction and the center of the magnetic pole group G2v in the rotational direction. This relative position of the magnetic pole pairs P and the excitation portion Fs can be applied to both linear motors and axial gap rotary motors.

[0298] In addition, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is guaranteed to be "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" degrees in mechanical angle. In addition, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is also expressed as "360 / s / c" degrees in mechanical angle.

[0299] p: (number of poles of the excitation part) / 2,

[0300] c: Number of coils in each phase,

[0301] “(360 / p)×(n+m / s)” is essentially equal to “360 / s / c”.

[0302] The "number of poles in the field unit" corresponds to the number of field cores 22N and 22S in the field unit Fs. In the rotating electrical machine M1, for example, it is 76 (p = 38). Furthermore, s = 3 and c = 2. Therefore, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is approximately 60 degrees in mechanical terms. In other words, the number of poles in the field unit Fs (p × 2), the number of coils in the armature unit (s × c), and the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a are set so that "(360 / p) × (n + m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c."

[0303] [Magnetic coupling in the rotational direction]

[0304] In the first armature core H1, two magnetic pole groups G1 adjacent to each other in the rotational direction are magnetically coupled to each other. In the rotary electric machine M1, the plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 are magnetically coupled via the annular yoke portion 33c formed on the inner side thereof. Therefore, the magnetic flux formed by the magnet Mg flows between the two magnetic pole groups G1 (see Figure 4 ). Similarly, in the second armature core H2, two magnetic pole groups G2 adjacent to each other in the rotation direction are also magnetically coupled to each other. Specifically, the plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 are magnetically coupled via the annular yoke portion 34c formed on the inner side thereof. Therefore, the magnetic flux formed by the magnet Mg flows between the two magnetic pole groups G2 (refer to Figure 4 ).

[0305] The yoke portion 33c of the first armature core H1 does not have a structure that provides isomagnetic separation between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1. Specifically, the structure that magnetically separates the two magnetic pole groups G1 is formed by a slit in the yoke portion 33c or by a portion formed of a material with a higher magnetic resistance than the rest of the armature core H1. Similar to the first armature core H1, the yoke portion 34c of the second armature core H2 does not have a structure that provides isomagnetic separation between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G2. This facilitates the formation of magnetic flux flow in the rotational direction described below.

[0306] In addition, if Figure 3B As shown, in the rotating electrical machine M1, the radial width Wa of the yoke portion 33c is substantially constant in the rotational direction. Furthermore, the radial width Wb of the yoke portion 34c is also substantially constant in the rotational direction. This structure also facilitates the formation of magnetic flux flow in the rotational direction described below.

[0307] Furthermore, if Figure 3B As shown, in the rotating electrical machine M1, the radial width Wa of the yoke portion 33c is greater than the protruding width W3 of the magnetic pole 33a. Alternatively, the width Wa of the yoke portion 33c may be greater than the protruding width of the magnetic pole group G1 (the sum of the width of the magnetic pole 33a and the width of the common base 33b). Furthermore, the radial width Wb of the yoke portion 34c is greater than the protruding width W4 of the magnetic pole 34a. This structure also facilitates the formation of magnetic flux flow in the rotational direction described below.

[0308] [Magnetic separation in the axial direction]

[0309] The first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are magnetically separated. Figure 1C As shown, gaps S1 and S2 are ensured between the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2. Figure 1C In the embodiment, the gap S1 is the gap between the yoke portion 33c and the yoke portion 34c (the distance in the axial direction); the gap S2 is the gap between the magnetic pole 33a and the magnetic pole 34a (the distance in the axial direction).

[0310] In addition, if Figure 1C As shown, gaps S1 and S2 are larger than the thickness of the winding of coil CL. Furthermore, the yoke portions 33c and 34c of the armature cores H1 and H2 do not have axially protruding projections. In other words, the yoke portions 33c and 34c of the armature cores H1 and H2 do not have any structure that would make gap S1 smaller than gap S2. In the rotating electrical machine M1, gaps S1 and S2 are substantially the same.

[0311] The first armature core H1, the second armature core H2, and the coil CL, that is, the entire armature portion Am1, can be reinforced with a non-magnetic, insulating material. Resin can be used as this material, and the armature portion Am1 can be molded with the resin. In this case, the gaps S1 and S2 can be embedded in the resin. Alternatively, for example, an air layer can be formed in the gaps S1 and S2.

[0312] In this manner, in the armature unit Am1, the two magnetic pole groups G1 and G2, aligned in the rotational direction, are magnetically coupled via the yoke portions 33c and 34c. Meanwhile, the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2, aligned in the axial direction, are magnetically separated. Consequently, the magnetic flux flowing between the two magnetic pole groups G1 is greater than the magnetic flux flowing directly from the first armature core H1 to the second armature core H2. For example, the magnetic flux flowing in the rotational direction from the magnetic pole group G1u toward the magnetic pole groups G1v and G1w is greater than the magnetic flux flowing from the magnetic pole group G1u to the second armature core H2 without passing through the excitation portion Fs. In the rotating electrical machine M1, the majority of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic pole group G1 flows toward the second armature core G1. Similarly, the magnetic flux flowing between the two magnetic pole groups G2 is greater than the magnetic flux flowing directly from the second armature core H2 to the first armature core H1. In this specification, the phrase "magnetically separated armature cores H1 and H2" means that an air layer or non-magnetic, insulating material exists between the two armature cores H1 and H2. Therefore, the magnetic flux flowing directly between the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 (magnetic flux flowing without passing through the excitation portion Fs) is less than the magnetic flux flowing between the two magnetic pole groups G1 in the mechanical operating direction (for example, the rotational direction in the rotating electrical machine M1), and less than the magnetic flux flowing between the two magnetic pole groups G2 in the mechanical operating direction. Typically, the two armature cores H1 and H2 are not directly in contact with each other, and there is no magnetic material directly in contact with them.

[0313] [Magnetic Flux Flow]

[0314] When the excitation part Fs is fixed at a certain position, the armature part Am1 and the excitation part Fs are formed as follows. Figure 3B and Figure 4 The magnetic fluxes Φ1 and Φ2 generated by the magnet Mg are shown in the figure. In these figures, the magnetic fluxes Φ1 and Φ2 generated by the magnet Mg are the magnetic fluxes that pass through the gap between the armature part Am1 and the field part Fs and enter the magnetic pole group G1u of the first armature core H1 from the field core 22N.

[0315] like Figure 3B and Figure 4 As shown, magnetic flux Φ1 flows in the rotational direction between the magnetic pole group G1u and the magnetic pole group G1v in the first armature core H1 and passes through the inner sides of the U-phase coil CLu and the V-phase coil CLv. Furthermore, magnetic flux Φ1 flows in the axial direction between the magnetic pole group G1v of the first armature core H1 and the magnetic pole group G2v of the second armature core H2, passing through the field cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs. Furthermore, magnetic flux Φ1 flows in the rotational direction between the magnetic pole group G2v and the magnetic pole group G2u in the second armature core H2 and flows in the axial direction between the magnetic pole group G1u of the first armature core H1 and the magnetic pole group G2u of the second armature core H2, passing through the field cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg.

[0316] Similar to magnetic flux Φ1, magnetic flux Φ2 flows in the rotational direction between magnetic pole groups G1u and G1w in the first armature core H1, passing through the inner sides of U-phase coil CLu and W-phase coil CLw. In the second armature core H2, magnetic flux Φ2 flows in the rotational direction between magnetic pole groups G2w and G2u. Furthermore, magnetic flux Φ2 flows in the axial direction between magnetic pole groups G1u of the first armature core H1 and magnetic pole group G2u of the second armature core H2, passing through field cores 22N and 22S and magnets Mg. It also flows in the axial direction between magnetic pole group G1w of the first armature core H1 and magnetic pole group G2w of the second armature core H2, passing through another field core 22N and 22S and magnets Mg.

[0317] Figure 5A This diagram illustrates the relationship between the angular position of the excitation unit Fs and the magnetic flux passing through the coils CLu, CLv, and CLw (magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg). The horizontal axis represents the angular position in electrical degrees, and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux. Figure 5B It is a diagram used to illustrate the flow of magnetic flux. Figure 5B and Figure 4 , only half of the magnetic flux of the magnet Mg formed in the rotating electrical machine M1 is shown, divided into two parts in the rotational direction. The flow of the magnetic flux omitted in these figures is the same as the flow of the magnetic flux shown. In other words, if the magnetic flux shown in the figures is rotated 180 degrees in mechanical terms, it will be the same as the magnetic flux omitted in the figures. Figure 5B In (a), the excitation part Fs is in Figure 5A The magnetic flux flows at the position shown by line (a), and Figure 4 The status represented is the same. Figure 5B (b) and (c) respectively indicate that the excitation part Fs is in Figure 5A The magnetic flux flows at the positions shown by lines (b) and (c).

[0318] If the excitation part Fs rotates 30 degrees in electrical angle from the position of line (a) to the position of line (b), then Figure 5B As shown in (b), magnetic flux Φ3 is formed. This magnetic flux Φ3 passes through the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1u and G1w of the first armature core H1, the excitation cores 22S and 22N and magnet Mg of the excitation unit Fs, and the magnetic pole groups G2u and G2w of the second armature core H2. Furthermore, a portion of the magnetic flux (magnetic flux Φ4) passing through the magnetic pole group G1u is directed not toward the adjacent magnetic pole group G1w but toward the magnetic pole group G1w on the opposite side. In other words, the magnetic circuit is formed by the magnetic pole pair Pu and the magnetic pole pair Pw, which is 120 degrees away from the magnetic pole pair Pu in mechanical terms. Similarly, the magnetic circuit is formed by the magnetic pole pair Pw and the magnetic pole pair Pu, which is 120 degrees away from the magnetic pole pair Pw in mechanical terms.

[0319] If the excitation part Fs is further rotated 30 degrees in electrical angle from the position of line (b) to the position of line (c), then Figure 5B As shown in (c) of FIG. 1 , a magnetic flux Φ5 is formed, which passes through the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1w and G1u of the first armature core H1, the excitation cores 22S and 22N and the magnet Mg of the excitation unit Fs, and the magnetic pole group G2w and G2u of the second armature core H2. Furthermore, a magnetic flux Φ6 is formed, which passes through the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1w and G1v of the first armature core H1, the excitation cores 22S and 22N and the magnet Mg of the excitation unit Fs, and the magnetic pole group G2v and G2w of the second armature core H2.

[0320] According to this rotating electrical machine M1, a closed magnetic circuit can be formed without magnetically coupling the two armature cores H1 and H2. As will be seen in the electric machine described below, the freedom in the shape and arrangement of the armature cores H1 and H2 is increased. As a result, it is easier to meet the requirements for the rotating electrical machine's appearance and increase the output of the electric machine. Furthermore, due to the increased structural freedom, the control of the magnetic flux flow within the armature core is facilitated, and material freedom is increased, such as the ease of using laminated steel plates in addition to powdered iron cores. Furthermore, unlike conventional rotating electrical machines, the rotating electrical machine M1 does not require magnetic division of each armature core H1 and H2 in the direction of rotation. This increases the strength of the armature cores H1 and H2. Furthermore, the simplified structure of the armature cores H1 and H2 improves the assembly accuracy of the rotating electrical machine. This simplified structure increases the freedom in material selection, allowing, for example, the possibility of using only electromagnetic steel plates or powdered material.

[0321] [Material of armature core]

[0322] In the rotating electrical machine M1, each armature core H1 and H2 is formed from laminated steel plates. Specifically, the first armature core H1 is entirely composed of multiple axially laminated steel plates Sp (more specifically, electromagnetic steel plates), and the second armature core H2 is also entirely composed of multiple axially laminated steel plates Sp (more specifically, electromagnetic steel plates). As described above, in the rotating electrical machine M1, magnetic flux flowing axially between the two armature cores H1 and H2 is rendered useless. Therefore, even though the armature cores H1 and H2 are formed from laminated steel plates, magnetic flux does not pass through the steel plates in the thickness direction, suppressing the generation of eddy currents (induced currents).

[0323] As will be described in detail below, regarding the material of the rotating electrical machine M1 , the entire armature cores H1 and H2 may be formed of a soft magnetic pressed powder material, or the armature cores H1 and H2 may be mostly composed of laminated steel plates with a portion formed of pressed powder.

[0324] In the rotating electrical machine M1, the first armature core H1 is disposed between two second armature cores H2. Figure 4 As shown, two magnetic circuits are formed, aligned in the axial direction. This structure reduces the density of the magnetic flux flowing in the field cores 22N and 22S in the axial direction, or reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the field cores 22N and 22S (the cross-sectional area in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction). Furthermore, the coil CL is provided in the first armature core H1, while no coil is provided in the second armature core H2. Therefore, the optimal shape of each of the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 can be selected, providing a high degree of freedom in the shape.

[0325] [Example of Change in Magnetic Pole Position]

[0326] In the rotating electrical machine M1, the angle (distance) between the magnetic poles 33a of the first armature core H1 and the angle (distance) between the magnetic poles 34a of the second armature core H2 are 360 ​​degrees in electrical terms. However, the angle between the magnetic poles 33a can deviate from 360 degrees as long as the angle between the field cores 22N (or 22S) is close. Similarly, the angle between the magnetic poles 34a can deviate from 360 degrees as long as the angle between the field cores 22N (or 22S) is close. This allows the angle between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a to deviate from 180 degrees, reducing cogging torque. Furthermore, the width of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a in the rotational direction can be non-uniform and vary depending on the position of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a in the rotational direction.

[0327] Figure 6A 、 Figure 6B 、 Figure 7A 、 Figure 7B 、 Figure 8A 、 Figure 8B 、 Figure 9A and Figure 9B This is a diagram illustrating such a variation example regarding the positions of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a. Figure 6A 、 Figure 7A 、 Figure 8A and Figure 9A In the figure, the magnetic pole groups G1u and G2u are shown as examples. The other magnetic pole groups G1v, G2v, G1w, and G2w also have the same Figure 6A 、 Figure 7A 、 Figure 8A and Figure 9A The numerical values ​​in these figures are obtained by expressing the angle (distance) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees. Figure 6B 、 Figure 7B 、 Figure 8B and Figure 9B In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the angular position (electrical angle) of the excitation part Fs. Figures 6B to 9B In the example shown in these figures, the angular position of the excitation core 22N is 0 degrees when the magnetic flux passing through the coil CLu (the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg) is at its maximum. In the example shown in these figures, the angular position of the excitation core 22N is 0 degrees when the central magnetic pole 33a of the multiple magnetic poles 33a (five magnetic poles 33a) constituting the magnetic pole group G1u is directly opposite the excitation core 22N. The vertical axis represents magnetic flux (the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg), with positive values ​​representing the magnetic flux entering the armature cores H1 and H2 and negative values ​​representing the magnetic flux leaving the armature cores H1 and H2. Figure 6B (a) Figure 7B (a) Figure 8B (a) and Figure 9B In (a), the magnetic fluxes passing through the magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w are represented by lines U, V, and W, respectively, and the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic pole 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1u is represented by line u. Figure 6B (b) Figure 7B (b) Figure 8B (b) and Figure 9B In (b), the magnetic fluxes passing through the magnetic pole groups G2u, G2v, and G2w are represented by lines U, V, and W, respectively. Line u represents the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic pole 34a that constitutes the magnetic pole group G2u. The magnetic flux passing through the magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 is originally the sum of the magnetic fluxes passing through the multiple magnetic poles 33a and 34a, but is shown in a reduced form in these figures.

[0328] The angle between the magnetic poles 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1 and the angle between the magnetic poles 34a constituting the magnetic pole group G2 may be smaller than 360 degrees in electrical angle. Figure 6A As shown in FIG. 1 , the angle between the magnetic poles 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1 and the angle between the magnetic poles 34a constituting the magnetic pole group G2 may also be 350 degrees in electrical angle. Furthermore, the angle between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a may also be 175 degrees in electrical angle. In this case, Figure 6B As shown, the phases of the magnetic fluxes passing through two adjacent magnetic poles 33a are shifted by 10 degrees in electrical angle, and the phases of the magnetic fluxes passing through two adjacent magnetic poles 34a are also shifted by 10 degrees in electrical angle.

[0329] The angle between the magnetic poles 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1 and the angle between the magnetic poles 34a constituting the magnetic pole group G2 may be greater than 360 degrees in electrical angle. Figure 7A As shown in FIG. 1 , the angle between the magnetic poles 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1 and the angle between the magnetic poles 34a constituting the magnetic pole group G2 may also be 370 degrees in electrical angle. Furthermore, the angle between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a may also be 185 degrees in electrical angle. In this case, Figure 7BAs shown, the phases of the magnetic fluxes passing through two adjacent magnetic poles 33a are shifted by 10 degrees in electrical angle, and the phases of the magnetic fluxes passing through two adjacent magnetic poles 34a are also shifted by 10 degrees in electrical angle.

[0330] In addition, the angle between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a can be different depending on the position of the magnetic poles 33a. Similarly, the angle between two adjacent magnetic poles 34a can also be different depending on the position of the magnetic poles 34a. For example, Figure 8A As shown in FIG. 1 , the angle between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a may gradually increase from the center of the magnetic pole group G1 in the rotation direction toward the outside. In addition, the angle between two adjacent magnetic poles 34a may also gradually increase from the center of the magnetic pole group G2 in the rotation direction toward the outside. In this case, as shown in FIG. Figure 8B As shown, the phase of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic poles 33a and 34a changes discontinuously.

[0331] Furthermore, even when the angles between the magnetic poles 33a and the magnetic poles 34a deviate from 360 degrees, the angles between the magnetic poles 33a of the magnetic pole group G1 of the magnetic pole pair P including the coil CL and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) must be within 90 degrees in electrical terms when the excitation portion Fs is positioned at a position where the magnetic flux through the coil CL (the magnetic flux formed by the magnet Mg) is maximized. The angle between the magnetic poles 33a and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) is preferably within 45 degrees in electrical terms. Similarly, the angles between the magnetic poles 34a of the magnetic pole group G2 of the magnetic pole pair P including the coil CL and the excitation core 22S (or 22N) must also be within 90 degrees in electrical terms when the excitation portion Fs is positioned at a position where the magnetic flux through the coil CL (the magnetic flux formed by the magnet Mg) is maximized. The angle between each magnetic pole 34a and the field core 22S (or 22N) is preferably within 45 degrees in electrical angle.

[0332] like Figure 9A As shown, the width W5 of the front end of the magnetic pole 33a may also gradually decrease from the center of the magnetic pole group G1 in the rotation direction toward the outside. Similarly, the width W6 of the front end of the magnetic pole 34a may also gradually decrease from the center of the magnetic pole group G2 in the rotation direction toward the outside. In this case, Figure 9B As shown, although the phase of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic poles 33a and 34a is uniform, the amplitude of the magnetic flux varies. Specifically, the magnetic flux passing through the central magnetic poles 33a and 34a of the magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 increases, while the magnetic flux passing through the outer magnetic poles 33a and 34a decreases.

[0333] [Examples of changes in magnetic pole (salient pole) shape]

[0334] Figure 10(a) to (f) are examples of the shape of the magnetic poles 33a. As described above, the magnetic poles 33a and 34a protrude toward the field magnet Fs. Because the distance between the field magnet Fs and the armature cores H1 and H2 is small, most of the magnetic flux flows between the armature cores H1 and H2 and the field magnet Fs through the magnetic poles 33a and 34a. The shape of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a can be modified as appropriate, as long as it achieves this function. Figure 10 The front end face 33i of the magnetic pole 33a shown in (a) has the same curvature as the inner peripheral surface of the excitation part Fs, and the slot 33j between the magnetic poles 33a has a V-shape. In the example of (b), the slot 33j is U-shaped, and in the example of (c), the slot 33j is substantially rectangular. As shown in (d), the front end face 33i of the magnetic pole 33a can have a curvature larger than that of the inner peripheral surface of the excitation part Fs. In this way, the cogging torque can be reduced. Furthermore, as another example, the corner 33k of the front end face of the magnetic pole 33a can be chamfered as shown in (e), or the corner 33k of the front end of the magnetic pole 33a can be bent into an arc shape as shown in (f). The magnetic pole 34a of the second armature core H2 can also have Figure 10 The illustrated shape.

[0335] [Other examples of rotating electrical machines]

[0336] The following describes other examples of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. These examples will be described primarily with respect to differences from the rotating electrical machine M1 described above. Matters not described in these other examples (e.g., structure and magnetic flux flow) can be applied to the examples of the rotating electrical machine M1. Furthermore, the characteristic structures of each rotating electrical machine described below can be combined with the structures of the other examples described in this specification.

[0337] [Example of Change in the Number of Armature Cores]

[0338] The number of armature cores may be more than three. Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing another example of a rotating electrical machine M2 proposed by the present invention. Figure 11 In the figure, a portion of the excitation portion Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. As shown in the figure, the armature portion Am2 of the rotating electrical machine M2 includes two first armature cores H1 separated in the axial direction, a third armature core H3 disposed between the two first armature cores H1, and two second armature cores H2. The first armature core H1 is disposed between the third armature core H3 and the second armature core H2. The third armature core H3 may have a structure in which two second armature cores H2 are axially joined. The axial width of the excitation portion Fs of the rotating electrical machine M2 corresponds to the axial width of the entire armature cores H1, H3, and H2. The armature portion may further have a structure in which multiple armature cores (for example, seven or nine armature cores) are stacked in the axial direction.

[0339] The number of armature cores may be less than three. Figure 12A and Figure 12B FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a rotating electrical machine M3 which is another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 12A This is a perspective view, in which a portion of the exciting portion Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 12B FIG is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am3 of the rotary electric machine M3. Figure 12A and Figure 12B As shown, the armature part Am3 is composed of a first armature core H1 and a second armature core H2. The second armature core H2 of the armature part Am3 can have a Figure 1A The second armature core H2 is configured as a structure formed by axially combining the two second armature cores H2 described above. The second armature core H2 is positioned on one side of the first armature core H1 (the lower side in these figures), with the upper side of the first armature core H1 exposed. The structure of the rotating electrical machine M3 reduces the number of parts, and since the coil CL is exposed, it is easier to connect components (e.g., a bus bar) that supply current to the coil CL.

[0340] [Example of a coil wound around a yoke portion]

[0341] The coil may be located between two adjacent magnetic pole groups and wound around the yoke portion of the armature core. Figures 13 to 15B A rotating electrical machine M4 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 13 1 is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M4 , in which a portion of the exciting portion Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 14 It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am4 included in the rotary electric machine M4. Figure 14 , the flow of magnetic fluxes Φ1 and Φ2 generated by the rotating electrical machine M4 when the excitation unit Fs is fixed at a certain position is also shown. Figure 14 , half of the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg in the rotating electrical machine M4 is shown when it is divided into two parts in the rotational direction. The magnetic flux flow omitted in these figures is the same as the magnetic flux flow shown in the figures. In other words, if the magnetic flux shown in the figures is rotated 180 degrees in mechanical terms, it will be consistent with the magnetic flux omitted in the figures.

[0342] like Figure 14 As shown, coil CL is mounted on the first armature core H1. Coil CL is located between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 in the rotational direction and is wound around the yoke portion 33c. Therefore, the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg passes through the inner side of coil CL, flowing between the two magnetic pole groups G1. This allows the magnetic flux to efficiently intersect with coil CL.

[0343] The armature unit Am4 includes a U-phase coil CLu, a V-phase coil CLv, and a W-phase coil CLw. The first armature core H1 includes a magnetic pole group G1, namely a magnetic pole group G1uv located between the U-phase coil CLu and the V-phase coil CLv, a magnetic pole group G1vw located between the V-phase coil CLv and the W-phase coil CLw, and a magnetic pole group G1wu located between the W-phase coil CLw and the U-phase coil CLu. In the armature unit Am4, a distance is provided between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 of the first armature core H1 to allow for the arrangement of the coils CL. Other aspects, such as the structure of the excitation unit Fs and the structure of the second armature core H2, can be the same as those of the rotary electric machine M1.

[0344] Figure 15A This diagram illustrates the relationship between the angular position of the excitation unit Fs and the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu (magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg). The horizontal axis represents the angular position in electrical degrees, and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux. The vertical axis represents positive values ​​for magnetic flux passing through the coil CLu in the counterclockwise direction when viewed from above the rotating electrical machine. Figure 15B It is a diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux. Figure 15B In (a), the excitation part Fs is in Figure 15A The magnetic flux flows at the position shown by line (a), and Figure 14 The status represented is the same. Figure 15B (b) and (c) respectively indicate that the excitation part Fs is in Figure 15A The magnetic flux flows at the positions shown by lines (b) and (c). Figure 15A Although not shown in the figure, the phase of the magnetic flux passing through the V-phase coil CLv is offset by -120 degrees relative to the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu, and the phase of the magnetic flux passing through the W-phase coil CLw is offset by 120 degrees relative to the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu. Figure 15B In, also with Figure 14 Similarly, the magnetic flux of the magnet Mg formed by the rotating electrical machine M4 is shown as half of the magnetic flux when it is divided into two parts in the rotational direction. The magnetic flux flow omitted in these figures is the same as the magnetic flux flow shown in the figures. In other words, if the magnetic flux shown in the figures is rotated 180 degrees in mechanical terms, it will be consistent with the magnetic flux omitted in the figures.

[0345] exist Figure 15A In the figure, line U represents the magnetic flux through the U-phase coil CLu of the rotating electrical machine M4, and the dotted line E1 represents the magnetic flux through the U-phase coil CLu of the rotating electrical machine M4. Figure 1A As shown, the lines of magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu in a configuration where the U-phase coil CLu is wound around the magnetic pole group G1u are shown. As shown in the figure, the phase of the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu in the rotating electrical machine M4 is offset by 30 degrees in electrical angle relative to the phase of the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu in the rotating electrical machine M1.

[0346] like Figure 14As shown, the magnetic circuit in the rotating electrical machine M4 is similar to that in the rotating electrical machine M1 (see Figure 4 ). That is, magnetic flux Φ1 flows in the rotational direction between the magnetic pole group G1wu and the magnetic pole group G1uv in the first armature core H1 and passes through the inside of the U-phase coil CLu. Furthermore, magnetic flux Φ1 flows in the axial direction between the magnetic pole group G1uv of the first armature core H1 and the magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2, passing through the field cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs. Furthermore, magnetic flux Φ1 flows in the rotational direction between the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2 and flows in the axial direction between the magnetic pole group G1wu of the first armature core H1 and the magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2, passing through the field cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg. Like the magnetic flux Φ1, the magnetic flux Φ2 passes through a closed magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1wu and the magnetic pole group G1vw provided in the first armature core H1, the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2, and the excitation cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg of the excitation part Fs.

[0347] If the excitation part Fs rotates 30 degrees in electrical angle from the position of line (a) to the position of line (b), then Figure 15B As shown in (b), a magnetic flux Φ3 is formed, which passes through a magnetic circuit composed of the magnetic pole group G1wu, G1vw of the first armature core H1, the excitation core 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the excitation part Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2. Figure 15B As shown in (b), a portion of the magnetic flux (magnetic flux Φ4a) passing through the magnetic pole group G1wu is directed not toward the adjacent magnetic pole group G1vw but toward the magnetic pole group G1vw on the opposite side. That is, the magnetic pole pair Pwu and the magnetic pole pair Pvw, which is 120 degrees away from the magnetic pole pair Pwu in mechanical terms, form a magnetic circuit (magnetic flux Φ4a). Similarly, a portion of the magnetic flux (magnetic flux Φ4b) passing through the magnetic pole group G1vw is directed not toward the adjacent magnetic pole group G1wu but toward the magnetic pole group G1wu on the opposite side. That is, the magnetic pole pair Pvw and the magnetic pole pair Pwu, which is 120 degrees away from the magnetic pole pair Pvw in mechanical terms, form a magnetic circuit (magnetic flux Φ4b). Furthermore, the magnetic pole pair Pwu is formed by the magnetic pole group G1wu of the first armature core H1 and the magnetic pole group G2wu of the second armature core H2, which are arranged axially. The same applies to the other magnetic pole pair Puv and Pvw.

[0348] If the excitation part Fs is further rotated 30 degrees in electrical angle from the position of line (b) to the position of line (c), then Figure 15BAs shown in (c) of FIG. 1 , a magnetic flux Φ5 is formed, which passes through a magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1vw, G1wu of the first armature core H1, the field cores 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2. Furthermore, a magnetic flux Φ6 is formed, which passes through a magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1uv, G1vw of the first armature core H1, the field cores 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2.

[0349] [Another example of a coil wound around a yoke]

[0350] The two coils may be located between two adjacent magnetic pole groups and wound around the yoke portion of the armature core. Figures 16A to 17B A rotating electrical machine M5 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 16A It is a perspective view showing the rotary electric machine M5 , and a portion of the exciting portion Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 16B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am5 constituting the rotating electrical machine M5.

[0351] like Figure 16B As shown, in the first armature core H1 of the armature section Am5, two coils CL are located between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 in the rotational direction and are wound around the yoke section 33c. The magnetic flux formed by the magnet Mg passes through the inner side of the coil CL and flows through the magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the rotational direction. As a result, the magnetic flux intersects the coil CL efficiently. In the armature section Am5, the following two coils CL are arranged in a pair between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1.

[0352] "U+ phase coil CLu+ and V- phase coil CLv-"

[0353] "V+ phase coil CLv+ and W- phase coil CLw-"

[0354] "W+ phase coil CLw+ and U- phase coil CLu-"

[0355] Here, the U-phase coil CLu- and the U+-phase coil CLu+ are supplied with currents of the same phase and are wound in opposite directions (i.e., they generate magnetic fields of opposite polarity). Therefore, the U-phase coil CLu- and the U+-phase coil CLu+ generate magnetic fields of opposite polarity. The same applies to the V-phase coil CLv- and the W-phase coil CLw-.

[0356] like Figure 16BAs shown, the first armature core H1 includes a magnetic pole group G1u located between the U+ phase coil CLu+ and the U- phase coil CLu-, a magnetic pole group G1v located between the V+ phase coil CLv+ and the V- phase coil CLv-, and a magnetic pole group G1w located between the W+ phase coil CLw+ and the W- phase coil CLw-. Other aspects, such as the structure of the excitation portion Fs and the structure of the second armature core H2, can be similar to those of the armature portion Am4 of the rotary electric machine M4.

[0357] Figure 17A This diagram illustrates the relationship between the angular position of the excitation unit Fs and the magnetic flux (magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg) passing through the U+ phase coil CLu+ and the U- phase coil CLu-. The horizontal axis represents the angular position in electrical degrees, and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux. The vertical axis represents the magnetic flux passing through the coils CLu+ and CLu- in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from above the rotating electrical machine, with positive values. Figure 17B is a diagram showing the flow of magnetic flux. Figure 17B In (a), the excitation part Fs is located at Figure 17A The magnetic flux flows at the position shown by the line (a). Figure 17B (b) and (c) respectively indicate that the excitation part Fs is located at Figure 17A The magnetic flux flow when the position is indicated by lines (b) and (c). These figures show half of the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg of the rotating electrical machine M5, when divided into two parts in the rotational direction. The magnetic flux flow omitted in these figures is the same as the magnetic flux flow shown in the figures. In other words, if the magnetic flux shown in the figures is rotated 180 degrees in mechanical terms, it will be consistent with the magnetic flux omitted in the figures.

[0358] exist Figure 17A In the diagram, line U+ represents the magnetic flux through the U+ phase coil CLu+, and line U- represents the magnetic flux through the U- phase coil CLu-. Figure 1A As shown, in a configuration where the U-phase coil CLu is wound around the magnetic pole group G1u, the lines of magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu are shown. As shown in the figure, the phases of the magnetic flux passing through the U+-phase coil CLu+ and the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu- in the rotating electrical machine M5 are offset by 30 degrees and 150 degrees, respectively, in electrical angles, relative to the phases of the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu in the rotating electrical machine M1.

[0359] In addition, since the winding direction of the U-phase coil CLu- is opposite to that of the U+phase coil CLu+, if the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu- is reversed and added to the magnetic flux passing through the U+phase coil CLu+, it will coincide with the magnetic flux (line E1) passing through the U-phase coil CLu wound around the magnetic pole group G1u. Figure 17A The dotted line is the value obtained by reversing the magnetic flux passing through the U-phase coil CLu-)

[0360] When the excitation part Fs is at the position of line (a), as shown in Figure 17B As shown in (a), magnetic flux Φ1 is formed, which passes through the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1u, G1v of the first armature core H1, the field cores 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2. Furthermore, magnetic flux Φ2 is formed, which passes through the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1u, G1w of the first armature core H1, the field cores 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2.

[0361] If the excitation part Fs rotates 30 degrees in electrical angle from the position of line (a) to the position of line (b), then Figure 17B As shown in (b), a magnetic flux Φ3 is formed, which passes through a magnetic circuit composed of the magnetic pole group G1u, G1w of the first armature core H1, the excitation core 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the excitation part Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2. Figure 17B As shown in (b), a portion of the magnetic flux (magnetic flux Φ4a) passing through the magnetic pole group G1u is directed not toward the adjacent magnetic pole group G1w, but toward the magnetic pole group G1w on the opposite side. That is, the magnetic circuit (magnetic flux Φ4a) is formed by the magnetic pole pair Pu and the magnetic pole pair Pw, which is 120 degrees away from the magnetic pole pair Pu in mechanical terms. Similarly, a portion of the magnetic flux (magnetic flux Φ4b) passing through the magnetic pole group G1w is directed not toward the adjacent magnetic pole group G1u, but toward the magnetic pole group G1u on the opposite side. That is, the magnetic circuit (magnetic flux Φ4b) is formed by the magnetic pole pair Pw and the magnetic pole pair Pu, which is 120 degrees away from the magnetic pole pair Pw in mechanical terms. Furthermore, the magnetic pole pair Pu is formed by the magnetic pole group G1u of the first armature core H1 and the magnetic pole group G2u of the second armature core H2, which are arranged axially. The same applies to the other magnetic pole pairs Pv and Pw.

[0362] If the excitation part Fs is further rotated 30 degrees in electrical angle from the position of line (b) to the position of line (c), then Figure 17B As shown in (c) of FIG. 1 , a magnetic flux Φ5 is formed, which passes through a magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1u, G1w of the first armature core H1, the field cores 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2. Furthermore, a magnetic flux Φ6 is formed, which passes through a magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic pole group G1w, G1v of the first armature core H1, the field cores 22S, 22N and the magnet Mg of the field section Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2.

[0363] [Example of Armature Core Made of Compressed Powder Material]

[0364] The armature core may also be formed of soft magnetic pressed powder material. Figure 18 A rotating electrical machine M6 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 18 1 is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M6. A portion of the exciting portion Fs in the rotational direction is not shown.

[0365] The armature portion Am6 of the rotating electrical machine M6 includes armature cores H1 and H2 formed from soft magnetic powder materials (Soft Magnetic Composite (SMC) materials). Specifically, the armature cores H1 and H2 are formed from a composite material comprising soft magnetic powder and an insulating film (e.g., a resin film) covering the surface of the powder. The composite material is compression-molded and heat-treated to form the armature cores H1 and H2. These armature cores H1 and H2 have a high resistivity, thus suppressing eddy currents regardless of the direction of the magnetic flux passing through the armature cores H1 and H2.

[0366] Unlike laminated steel plates, compressed powder materials can be produced using molds. Therefore, for example, a high degree of freedom can be ensured regarding the shape of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a. In the armature portion Am6, the widths W7 and W8 of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a in the rotational direction vary in the axial direction. The width W7 of the magnetic pole 33a gradually decreases as it approaches the second armature core H2, starting from the center of the magnetic pole 33a in the axial direction. On the other hand, the width W8 of the magnetic pole 34a gradually decreases as it approaches the first armature core H1. This reduces the cogging torque.

[0367] [Example of arranging the excitation unit inside the armature core]

[0368] A rotatable excitation unit may be arranged inside the annular armature core. Figure 19A and Figure 19B A rotating electrical machine M7 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 19A 1 is a perspective view showing the rotary electric machine M7, and a portion of the armature portion Am7 in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 19B It is an exploded perspective view of the rotary electric machine M7. Figure 19C 1 is a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles of the armature portion Am7 of the rotary electric machine M7. The numerical values ​​in the diagram are obtained by expressing angles (distances) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees.

[0369] In the rotating electrical machine M7, the excitation unit Fs is arranged inside the annular armature unit Am7. The armature unit Am7 includes a first armature core H1 and two second armature cores H2. The first armature core H1 is arranged between the two second armature cores H2. The plurality of coils CL include a U-phase coil CLu, a V-phase coil CLv, and a W-phase coil CLw, all of which are provided on the first armature core H1. No coils CL are provided on the second armature core H2. The number of armature cores, the number of phases of the supplied alternating current, and the number of coils CL are the same as those described for the rotating electrical machine M1 and can be changed as appropriate. In addition, the armature cores H1 and H2 are formed, for example, of laminated steel plates, but can also be formed of the compressed powder material described above.

[0370] like Figure 19B As shown, the first armature core H1 has a circular yoke portion 33c and a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 formed inside the yoke portion 33c and arranged in the rotation direction. Each magnetic pole group G1 has a plurality of magnetic poles 33a protruding toward the excitation portion Fs and arranged in the rotation direction. In the rotating motor M7, the coils CL are wound around the plurality of magnetic poles 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1. The position of the coil CL is not limited to this, and for example, it can also be arranged with Figure 13 In the example shown, it is provided on the yoke portion 33c in the same manner.

[0371] like Figure 19B As shown, the second armature core H2 has an annular yoke portion 34c and an annular portion 34d formed outside the yoke portion 34c. The annular portion 34d is connected to the yoke portion 34c by a plurality of connecting portions 34g, forming a plurality of holes 34e arranged in the rotational direction. The outer diameter of the annular portion 34d is preferably consistent with the outer diameter of the yoke portion 33c of the first armature core H1. As a result, when the armature portion Am7 is fixed to a structure of a device equipped with the rotating electrical machine M7, its fixing structure can be simplified and its precision can be improved. In addition, since the second armature core H2 is formed with a plurality of holes 34e, the increase in the weight of the second armature core H2 can also be suppressed. In addition, the plurality of holes 34e can also be used to lead the wires connected to the coil CL to the outside of the armature portion Am7.

[0372] like Figure 19B As shown, the second armature core H2 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 formed inside the yoke portion 34c and arranged in the rotation direction. Each magnetic pole group G2 has a plurality of magnetic poles 34a protruding toward the excitation portion Fs and arranged in the rotation direction. Figure 19C As shown, the poles at the ends of two adjacent pole groups G2 are integrated to form a pole 34f that is wider than the other poles 34a. In this way, when the poles of adjacent pole groups G2 are close to each other, they can be integrated.

[0373] The positional relationship between the magnetic poles 33a, 34a and the field cores 22N and 22S in the rotation direction may be the same as that in the example of the rotary electric machine M1. Figure 19C As shown, each magnetic pole group G1 has four magnetic poles 33a, and each magnetic pole group G2 has five magnetic poles 34a, but the numbers thereof can be changed appropriately.

[0374] like Figure 19C As shown, the magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, G1w and the magnetic pole groups G2u, G2v, G2w arranged in the axial direction respectively constitute magnetic pole group pairs Pu, Pv, Pw. Figure 2 Similarly to the armature part Am1 described above, it is preferred that the plurality of magnetic pole pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw have the same structure. That is, it is preferred that the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a is the same in the plurality of magnetic pole pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw. It is preferred that the spacing between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a is also substantially the same in the plurality of magnetic pole pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw. It is further preferred that the width and / or height of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a are also substantially the same in the plurality of magnetic pole pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw. In other words, it is preferred that if one magnetic pole pair (for example, Pu) is rotated and moved around the axis Ax1, it becomes another magnetic pole pair P (for example, Pv, Pw).

[0375] In the structure of the rotating electrical machine M7 , similarly to the structure of the rotating electrical machine M1 , the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole group pairs P is substantially separated by an electrical angle of “360×(n+m / s)” degrees.

[0376] s: number of phases,

[0377] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0378] n: an integer greater than 1,

[0379] In the example shown, s = 3, n = 4, and m = 1. Therefore, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is 1,560 degrees in electrical angle. Thus, for example, when the magnetic poles of a certain magnetic pole pair P (e.g., Pu) are directly opposite the field core 22N, the positions of the magnetic poles of the adjacent magnetic pole pairs P (e.g., Pv and Pw) are offset by 120 degrees in electrical angle relative to the field core 22N. In this description, the angle (distance) between two magnetic pole pairs P refers to the angle (distance) between the centers of the magnetic pole group G1 in the rotational direction, or the angle (distance) between the centers of the magnetic pole group G2 in the rotational direction. Here, the angle (distance) between the centers of the magnetic pole groups G1 in the rotational direction refers to, for example, the distance between the centers of the magnetic pole group G1u in the rotational direction and the centers of the magnetic pole group G1v in the rotational direction. Furthermore, the angle (distance) between the centers of the rotational magnetic pole groups G2 is, for example, the distance between the center of the rotational magnetic pole group G2u and the center of the rotational magnetic pole group G2v. This relative position of the magnetic pole group pair P and the excitation portion Fs can be applied to both linear motors and axial gap rotary motors.

[0380] In the rotating electrical machine M7, similarly to the structure of the rotating electrical machine M1, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" degrees are ensured between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P in terms of mechanical angle. In addition, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is also expressed as "360 / s / c" degrees in terms of mechanical angle.

[0381] p: (number of poles of the excitation part) / 2,

[0382] c: Number of coils in each phase,

[0383] "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c". In the rotating electrical machine M7, the "number of poles of the excitation part" is, for example, 78 (p=39). In addition, in the rotating electrical machine M7, three coils CL are provided for one phase (see Figure 19B ). Therefore, s = 3, c = 3. Therefore, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is approximately 40 degrees in mechanical terms. In other words, the number of poles (p × 2) in the excitation unit Fs, the number of coils in the armature unit (s × c), and the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a are set so that "(360 / p) × (n + m / s)" is essentially equal to "360 / s / c."

[0384] Similarly, in the armature unit Am7, two magnetic pole groups G1 adjacent in the rotational direction are magnetically coupled to each other via the yoke portion 33c. Furthermore, two magnetic pole groups G2 adjacent in the rotational direction are also magnetically coupled to each other via the yoke portion 34c. Meanwhile, a gap is maintained between the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2, and they are magnetically separated. Thus, similar to the rotating electrical machine M1 and the like, a magnetic circuit is formed consisting of the two magnetic pole groups G1 provided in the first armature core H1, the field cores 22S and 22N and magnets Mg of the field unit Fs, and the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2.

[0385] [Example where multiple armature cores have the same structure]

[0386] In the armature portion, a plurality of armature cores having the same structure may be arranged in the axial direction, thereby achieving advantages such as a reduction in the number of parts and a reduction in mold costs. 20A to 20C A rotating electrical machine M8 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 20A It is a perspective view showing the rotary electric machine M8 , and a portion of the exciting portion Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 20B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am8 included in the rotating electrical machine M8. Figure 20C This is a part of the development diagram showing the position of the magnetic poles of the armature portion Am8. The numerical values ​​in the diagram are obtained by expressing the angle (distance) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees.

[0387] like Figure 20B As shown, the armature part Am8 has a first armature core H1 and a second armature core H2 arranged in the axial direction. Each armature core H1, H2 is composed of laminated steel plates. Each armature core H1, H2 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G11, G12 arranged in the rotation direction. (In Figure 20A and Figure 20B ( ) G11u, G11v, G11w, G12u, G12v, and G12w are shown as magnetic pole groups G11 and G12. Each magnetic pole group G11 and G12 has multiple magnetic poles 33a arranged in the rotational direction. In each armature core H1 and H2, the coil CL is wound around the magnetic pole group G11, while the coil CL is not wound around the magnetic pole group G12. In the armature portion Am8, the magnetic pole group G11 around which the coil CL is wound is composed of five magnetic poles 33a, while the magnetic pole group G12 around which the coil CL is not wound is composed of six magnetic poles 33a. In both armature cores H1 and H2, the magnetic pole groups G11 around which the coil CL is wound and the magnetic pole groups G12 around which the coil CL is not wound are arranged alternately in the rotational direction.

[0388] The two armature cores H1 and H2 have the same structure. Moreover, the position of the second armature core H2 and the first armature core H1 in the rotation direction is relatively changed. As a result, the magnetic pole group G11 wound with the coil CL and the magnetic pole group G12 not wound with the coil CL are arranged in the axial direction. Figure 20C As shown, the magnetic pole group G11, which is wound with coils CL, and the magnetic pole group G12, which is not wound with coils CL, form magnetic pole group pairs Pu, Pv, and Pw. Adjacent magnetic pole group pairs P are 60 degrees apart in mechanical terms. Therefore, the second armature core H2 is identical to the first armature core H1 rotated 60 degrees in the rotational direction.

[0389] [Example having a protruding portion protruding in the axial direction]

[0390] A plurality of armature cores having the same structure may include protrusions protruding in the axial direction at the ends of the magnetic pole bodies. Figures 21A to 21C A rotating electrical machine M9 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 21A It is a perspective view showing the rotary electric machine M9 , and a portion of the excitation unit Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 21B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am9 included in the rotary electric machine M9. Figure 21C It is a plan view of the armature cores H1 and H2 included in the armature unit Am9.

[0391] like Figure 21A As shown, the armature part Am9 has a first armature core H1 and a second armature core H2 arranged in the axial direction. The two armature cores H1 and H2 have the same structure. Figure 21B As shown, in the armature part Am9, each magnetic pole group G11, G12 has a plurality of magnetic poles 33a. Figure 21A and Figure 21B In the figure, G11u, G11v, G11w, G12u, G12v, and G12w are shown as the magnetic pole groups G11 and G12. The coil CL is wound around the magnetic pole group G11, and the coil CL is not wound around the magnetic pole group G12.

[0392] Each magnetic pole 33a has a main body that projects radially toward the excitation portion Fs, and a protrusion 33m formed at the end of the main body and protruding in the axial direction. The protrusion 33m protrudes toward the armature cores H1 and H2 on opposite sides. That is, the magnetic pole 33a formed on the first armature core H1 has a protrusion 33m that projects toward the second armature core H2, and the magnetic pole 33a formed on the second armature core H2 has a protrusion 33m that projects toward the first armature core H1. The shape of the protrusion 33m will be described in detail below. The armature cores H1 and H2 having such a protrusion 33m are formed, for example, from a soft magnetic pressed powder material.

[0393] like Figure 21C As shown in FIG. 1 , each of the armature cores H1 and H2 has a line-symmetrical structure. Specifically, each of the armature cores H1 and H2 has a line-symmetrical structure with respect to a line Ln passing through the center of the armature cores H1 and H2. According to this shape, by rotating one of the armature cores H1 and H2 in the axial direction, the relative position of the other in the rotation direction is changed. Figure 21A As shown in FIG, the armature cores H1 and H2 may be arranged so that the sides on which the protrusion 33m is formed face each other. In this way, the armature unit Am9 is composed of the armature cores H1 and H2 having the same shape and having the protrusion 33m.

[0394] [Example where multiple armature cores have the same structure]

[0395] A plurality of armature cores having the same structure may be arranged in the axial direction with their positions in the rotational direction shifted by 180 degrees in electrical angle. In addition, two coils may be provided in each of the two magnetic pole groups constituting one magnetic pole group pair. Figures 22A to 22C A rotating electrical machine M10 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 22A It is a perspective view showing the rotary electric machine M10 , and a portion of the excitation unit Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 22B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am10 included in the rotary electric machine M10. Figure 22C 1 is a part of a development diagram showing the positions of magnetic poles included in the armature portion Am10. The numerical values ​​in the diagram are obtained by expressing angles (distances) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees.

[0396] The armature part Am10 has two armature cores H1 and H2 arranged in the axial direction. Figure 22A As shown, the first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the rotation direction, and the second armature core H2 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 arranged in the rotation direction. Figure 22A and Figure 22B , G1u-, G1v-, G1w-, G2u+, G2v+, and G2w+ are shown as magnetic pole groups G1 and G2. Each magnetic pole group G1 and G2 has multiple magnetic poles 33a arranged in the direction of rotation. The magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 have identical structures. Coils CL are provided on each magnetic pole group G1 and G2. In the rotating electrical machine M10, the first armature core H1 has six magnetic pole groups G1, and the second armature core H2 has six magnetic pole groups G2. Coils CL are provided on all six magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 of each armature core H1 and H2.

[0397] like Figure 22CAs shown, the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1 and the magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2 are arranged axially to form a magnetic pole group pair P. The armature cores H1 and H2 have the same structure. The rotational positions of the two armature cores H1 and H2 are offset by 180 degrees in electrical angle. That is, the second armature core H2 is identical to the first armature core H1 rotated 180 degrees in electrical angle. Therefore, the rotational position of the magnetic pole 33a of the second armature core H2 is between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a of the first armature core H1, and the rotational position of the magnetic pole 33a of the first armature core H1 is between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a of the second armature core H2.

[0398] like Figure 22C As shown, coils CL are provided in both of the two magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 that constitute each magnetic pole group pair P (Pu, Pv, Pw). The winding directions of the two coils CL that constitute each magnetic pole group pair P are opposite to each other. Specifically, a U-phase coil CLu- and a U+phase coil CLu+ are provided in the magnetic pole groups G1u- and G2u+, respectively. In addition, a V-phase coil CLv- and a V+phase coil CLv+ are provided in the magnetic pole groups G1v- and G2v+, respectively, and a W-phase coil CLw- and a W+phase coil CLw+ are provided in the magnetic pole groups G1w- and G2w+, respectively. According to this configuration of the coils CL, the armature part Am10 can be formed using armature cores H1 and H2 of the same shape.

[0399] [Example of having two coils of the same phase with different winding directions]

[0400] The rotating electrical machine may include two coils for each phase (for example, U phase, V phase, W phase) whose winding directions are opposite to each other and are arranged at different positions in the rotation direction. Figures 23A to 23C A rotating electrical machine M11 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 23A It is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M11 , and a portion of the excitation unit Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 23B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am11 included in the rotary electric machine M11. Figure 23C 1 is a development diagram showing the positions of the magnetic poles of the armature portion Am11. The numerical values ​​in the diagram are obtained by expressing angles (distances) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees.

[0401] like Figure 23B As shown, a plurality of coils CL are provided on the first armature core H1. The plurality of coils CL are two coils CL with opposite winding directions for each phase. The rotating motor M11 is a rotating motor supplied with three-phase alternating current. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Figure 23CAs shown, the plurality of coils CL include a U+ phase coil CLu+, a U- phase coil CLu-, a V+ phase coil CLv+, a V- phase coil CLv-, a W+ phase coil CLw+ and a W- phase coil CLw-. These six coils CL are respectively arranged in the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1 and arranged in the direction of rotation. (In Figures 23A to 23C , G1u+, G1v+, G1w+, G1u-, G1v-, G1w- are shown as the magnetic pole group G1)

[0402] like Figure 23C As shown, here, the six magnetic pole pairs P provided with six coils CL are respectively referred to as magnetic pole pair Pu+, magnetic pole pair Pv+, magnetic pole pair Pw+, magnetic pole pair Pu-, magnetic pole pair Pv-, and magnetic pole pair Pw-. Preferably, these six magnetic pole pairs P have the same structure. In other words, preferably, the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a is the same in the multiple magnetic pole pairs Pu+, Pv+, Pw+, Pu-, Pv-, and Pw-. Preferably, the spacing between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a is also substantially the same in the multiple magnetic pole pairs Pu+, Pv+, Pw+, Pu-, Pv-, and Pw-. More preferably, the width and / or height of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a are also substantially the same in the multiple magnetic pole pairs Pu+, Pv+, Pw+, Pu-, Pv-, and Pw-. In other words, preferably, when one magnetic pole pair (eg, Pu+) is rotated about the axis Ax1, another magnetic pole pair P (eg, Pv+, Pw+, Pu-, Pv-, Pw-) is formed.

[0403] Focusing on two magnetic pole pairs P, each provided with coils CL of the same phase and oppositely wound directions, for example, looking at the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pu-, they are essentially separated by an electrical angle of "360 × (q + 1 / 2)" degrees. (q: an integer greater than or equal to 1.) In other words, there is a difference of 180 degrees in electrical angle between the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) and the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu- and the excitation core 22N (or 22S). Therefore, for example, when the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu+ is directly opposite the field core 22N (or 22S), the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu- is located 180 degrees offset in electrical angle relative to the field core 22N (or 22S). In the rotating electrical machine M11, q = 18. Therefore, the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pu- is 6,660 degrees in electrical angle. In this description, the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pu- specifically refers to the angle (distance) between the center of the magnetic pole group G1u+ and the center of the magnetic pole group G1u- in the rotational direction, or the angle (distance) between the center of the magnetic pole group G2u+ and the center of the magnetic pole group G2u- in the rotational direction. This applies equally to the other magnetic pole pairs Pv+, Pv-, Pw+, and Pw-.

[0404] In addition, let us focus on two magnetic pole pairs P provided with coils CL having the same winding direction. For example, let us focus on the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+. There is a difference of 120 degrees in electrical angle between the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) and the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pw+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S). That is, as Figure 23C As shown, the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+ are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s)" degrees.

[0405] s: number of phases,

[0406] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0407] n: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0408] In the rotating electrical machine M11, s = 3 and n = 12. Furthermore, if m = 1, the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+ are separated by an electrical angle of 4,440 degrees. This also applies to the angles between two other magnetic pole pairs P, each with coils CL wound in the same direction (for example, the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pv+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+, or the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pv+ and the magnetic pole pair Pu+). This relative position of the magnetic pole pair P and the excitation unit Fs can be applied to linear motors and axial gap rotating electrical machines.

[0409] In addition, between the two magnetic pole pairs P provided with the coils CL having the same winding direction, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" degrees are ensured in terms of mechanical angle. In addition, the angle between the two magnetic pole pairs P is also expressed as "360 / s / c" degrees in terms of mechanical angle.

[0410] p: (number of poles of the excitation part) / 2,

[0411] c: number of coil pairs for each phase,

[0412] "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c". In the rotating electrical machine M11, the number of poles of the excitation unit Fs is, for example, 74 (p=37). In addition, s=3, c=1. Therefore, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P provided with coils CL having the same winding direction is 120 degrees in mechanical terms. In other words, the number of poles (p×2) of the excitation unit Fs, the number of coil pairs (s×c), and the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a are set so that "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c".

[0413] In addition, Figure 23C In the example shown, a coil is obtained by concentrated winding in which one coil (e.g., CLu-) is wound around one magnetic pole group (e.g., magnetic pole group G1u-). However, the coil can also be obtained by, for example, lap winding or wave winding.

[0414] Figure 23D The figures (a), (b) and (c) show examples of stacked windings. Figure 23CThe armature cores H1 and H2 are shown in FIG. (a) of the figure show the U+ phase coil CLu+ and the U- phase coil CLu-, while the V-phase coil and the W-phase coil are omitted. (b) of the figure shows the V+ phase coil CLv+ and the V- phase coil CLv-, while the U-phase coil and the W-phase coil are omitted. (c) of the figure shows the W+ phase coil CLw+ and the W- phase coil CLw-, while the U-phase coil and the V-phase coil are omitted. That is, CLu+, CLu-, CLv+, CLv-, CLw+, and CLw- are wound on the same armature core H1. In FIG. (a), the U+ phase coil CLu+ is wound on the three adjacent magnetic pole groups G1w-, G1u+, and G1v-, and the U- phase coil CLu- is wound on the three adjacent magnetic pole groups G1w+, G1u-, and G1v+. The coils CLv+, CLv-, CLw+, and CLw- of the remaining phases shown in (b) and (c) of the figure are similarly wound around three adjacent magnetic pole groups.

[0415] Figure 23E The following are diagrams showing examples of wave winding. Figure 23D Similarly, it indicates Figure 23C The armature cores H1 and H2 are shown. FIG. (a) shows the U+ phase coil CLu+ and the U- phase coil CLu-, omitting the V- and W- phase coils. FIG. (b) shows the V+ phase coil CLv+ and the V- phase coil CLv-, omitting the U- and W- phase coils. FIG. (c) shows the W+ phase coil CLw+ and the W- phase coil CLw-, omitting the U- and V- phase coils. In FIG. (a), the three adjacent magnetic pole groups G1w+, G1u-, and G1v+ are arranged between the U+ phase coil CLu+ (U+ phase electric wire) and the U- phase coil CLu- (U- phase electric wire). In FIG. (b), the three adjacent magnetic pole groups G1u-, G1v+, and G1w- are arranged between the V+ phase coil CLv+ (V+ phase electric wire) and the V- phase coil CLv- (V- phase electric wire). In FIG. 14( c ), three adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 v+, G1 w−, and G1 u+ are arranged between the W+ phase coil CLw+ (W+ phase electric wire) and the W− phase coil CLw− (W− phase electric wire).

[0416] in addition, Figure 23D and Figure 23E The winding method of the coil CL illustrated above can also be applied to other armature cores. Figure 23D The illustrated stacked winding and Figure 23E The illustrated wave winding is applicable to any armature core in which the magnetic pole group G1u+ and the magnetic pole group G1v+ are arranged on the left and right of the magnetic pole group G1w- (in other words, the magnetic pole group G1u- and the magnetic pole group G1v- are arranged on the left and right of the magnetic pole group G1w+).

[0417] [Example of having two coils of the same phase with different winding directions]

[0418] Alternatively, two magnetic pole group pairs P each having two coils CL (for example, a U+ phase coil and a U- phase coil) of the same phase and each generating magnetic fields of opposite polarities due to different winding directions may be arranged adjacent to each other in the rotational direction. Figures 24A to 24C A rotating electrical machine M12 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 24A It is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M12 , and a portion of the excitation unit Fs in the rotational direction is not shown. Figure 24B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am12 included in the rotary electric machine M12. Figure 24C 1 is a development diagram showing the positions of the magnetic poles of the armature portion Am12. The numerical values ​​in the diagram are obtained by expressing the angles (distances) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees.

[0419] A plurality of coils CL are provided on the first armature core H1. Figure 24C As shown, the plurality of coils CL include a U+ phase coil CLu+, a V+ phase coil CLv+, a W+ phase coil CLw+, a U- phase coil CLu-, a V- phase coil CLv-, and a W- phase coil CLw-. These six coils CL are respectively provided in the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1 and arranged in the rotation direction.

[0420] The six magnetic pole pairs P provided with the six coils CL are respectively referred to as magnetic pole pair Pu+, magnetic pole pair Pv+, magnetic pole pair Pw+, magnetic pole pair Pu-, magnetic pole pair Pv- and magnetic pole pair Pw-. Figure 24C As shown, the magnetic pole pair Pu+ is adjacent to the magnetic pole pair Pu- in the rotation direction. Similarly, the magnetic pole pair Pv+ is adjacent to the magnetic pole pair Pv- in the rotation direction. The magnetic pole pair Pw+ is adjacent to the magnetic pole pair Pw- in the rotation direction. Preferably, these six magnetic pole pairs P have the same structure. There is a difference of 180 degrees in electrical angle between the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) and the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu- and the excitation core 22N (or 22S). That is, as Figure 24C As shown, the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pu- are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(q+1 / 2)" degrees. (q: an integer greater than 1)

[0421] In the rotating electrical machine M12, q = 5. Therefore, the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pu- are separated by an electrical angle of 1,980 degrees. Consequently, when the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu+ is directly opposite the field core 22N (or 22S), the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pu- is located 180 degrees offset in electrical angle relative to the field core 22N (or 22S). This applies to the other magnetic pole pairs Pv+, Pv-, Pw+, and Pw- as well. This arrangement of the magnetic pole pairs P allows, for example, when the first armature core H1 is formed from multiple partial cores arranged in the rotational direction (partial armature cores of the technical solution), two magnetic pole pairs P, each having two coils CL with opposite winding directions, to be formed on the same partial core. Therefore, even if a difference in magnetic resistance occurs between the partial cores, the impact on the performance of the rotating electrical machine is minimal. For example, the magnetic pole group G1u+ and G1u- can be formed in one partial core, the magnetic pole group G1w+ and G1w- can be formed in another partial core, and the magnetic pole group G1v+ and G1v- can be formed in yet another partial core. Thus, even if a difference in magnetic resistance occurs between the partial core having the magnetic pole group G1u+ and G1u- and the partial core having the magnetic pole group G1w+ and G1w-, the impact on the performance of the rotating electrical machine is minimal. Furthermore, in the rotating electrical machine M12, the number of poles in the excitation section Fs is 74 (p = 37). Therefore, the angle between the magnetic pole group pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole group pair Pu- is approximately 53.5 degrees (≈1,980 / 37) in mechanical terms.

[0422] In addition, let us focus on two magnetic pole pairs P provided with coils CL having the same winding direction. For example, let us focus on the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+. At this time, there is a difference of 120 degrees in electrical angle between the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33q (or 34q) of the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) and the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33q (or 34q) of the magnetic pole pair Pw+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S). That is, as Figure 24C As shown, the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+ are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s)" degrees.

[0423] s: number of phases,

[0424] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0425] n: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0426] In the example of rotating electrical machine M12, s = 3 and n = 12. Furthermore, if m = 1, the magnetic pole pair Pu+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+ are separated by an electrical angle of 4,440 degrees. This applies equally to the angles between two other magnetic pole pairs P, each provided with coils CL having the same winding direction (for example, the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pv+ and the magnetic pole pair Pw+, and the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pv+ and the magnetic pole pair Pu+). This relative position of the magnetic pole pair P and the excitation unit Fs can be applied to linear motors and axial gap rotating electrical machines.

[0427] In addition, between the two magnetic pole pairs P provided with the coils CL having the same winding direction, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" degrees are ensured in terms of mechanical angle. In addition, the angle between the two magnetic pole pairs P is also expressed as "360 / s / c" degrees in terms of mechanical angle.

[0428] p: (number of poles of the excitation part) / 2,

[0429] c: number of coil pairs for each phase,

[0430] "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c". In the rotating electrical machine M12, the number of poles of the excitation unit Fs is, for example, 74 (p=37). In addition, s=3, c=1. Therefore, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P provided with coils CL having the same winding direction is 120 degrees in mechanical terms. In other words, the number of poles (p×2) of the excitation unit Fs, the number of coil pairs (s×c), and the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a are set so that "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is substantially equal to "360 / s / c".

[0431] [Example when the number of phases is even]

[0432] The number of phases of the AC current supplied to the rotating electrical machine may be an even number. For example, the number of phases of the AC current may be two. Figures 25A to 25C A rotating electrical machine M13 having such a structure is shown as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 25A It is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M13 , and a portion of the excitation unit Fs in the rotation direction is not shown. Figure 25B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am13 included in the rotary electric machine M13. Figure 25C 1 is a development diagram showing the positions of the magnetic poles of the armature portion Am13. The numerical values ​​in the diagram are obtained by expressing the angles (distances) in the rotation direction in electrical degrees.

[0433] A plurality of coils CL are provided on the first armature core H1. Figure 25BAs shown, the plurality of coils CL include an A+ phase coil CLa+, a B+ phase coil CLb+, an A- phase coil CLa- and a B- phase coil CLb-. The A- phase coil CLa- and the B- phase coil CLb- are coils whose winding directions are opposite to those of the A+ phase coil CLa+ and the B+ phase coil CLb+. The first armature core H1 has four coils CL for each phase. The first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the direction of rotation. The coils CL are wound on the magnetic pole groups G1. (In Figures 25A to 25C , G1a+, G1a-, G1b+, and G1b- are shown as the magnetic pole group G1. The magnetic pole group G1, together with the magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2 arranged in the axial direction, constitutes a magnetic pole group pair P. The four magnetic pole group pairs P provided with four coils CLa+, CLb+, CLa-, and CLb- are respectively referred to as magnetic pole group pair Pa+, magnetic pole group pair Pb+, magnetic pole group pair Pa-, and magnetic pole group pair Pb-. Preferably, these four magnetic pole group pairs P have the same structure. In other words, preferably, the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a is the same in the multiple magnetic pole group pairs Pa+, Pb+, Pa-, and Pb-. Preferably, the spacing between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a is also substantially the same in the multiple magnetic pole group pairs Pa+, Pb+, Pa-, and Pb-. More preferably, the width and / or height of the magnetic poles 33a and 34a are substantially the same across the plurality of magnetic pole pairs Pa+, Pb+, Pa-, and Pb-. In other words, preferably, rotating one magnetic pole pair (e.g., Pa+) about the axis Ax1 results in another magnetic pole pair P (e.g., Pb+, Pa-, Pb-).

[0434] Focus on two magnetic pole pairs P, each of which has coils CL of the same phase and opposite winding directions. For example, if we focus on the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pa-, there is a difference of 180 degrees in electrical angle between the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) and the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pa- and the excitation core 22N (or 22S). That is, if Figure 25CAs shown, the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pa- are separated by an electrical angle of 360 × (q + 1 / 2) degrees. (q: an integer greater than or equal to 1), so that, for example, when the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pa+ is directly opposite the field core 22N, the magnetic pole 33a (or 34a) of the magnetic pole pair Pa- is offset by 180 degrees in electrical angle relative to the field core 22N. In the rotating electrical machine M13, q = 8, and the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pa- are separated by an electrical angle of 3,060 degrees. In this description, the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pb- specifically refers to the angle (distance) between the center of the magnetic pole group G1a+ and the center of the magnetic pole group G1a- in the rotational direction, or the angle (distance) between the center of the magnetic pole group G2a+ and the center of the magnetic pole group G2a- in the rotational direction. This applies equally to the other magnetic pole pairs Pb+ and Pb-. In the rotating electrical machine M13, the number of poles of the excitation unit Fs is 68 (p=34). Therefore, the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pa- are 90 degrees (=3,060 / 34) in mechanical angle.

[0435] Focus on two magnetic pole pairs P with coils CL having the same winding direction. For example, focus on the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pb+. There is a 90-degree difference in electrical angle between the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33r (or 34r) of the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S) and the angle (distance) between the magnetic pole 33r (or 34r) of the magnetic pole pair Pb+ and the excitation core 22N (or 22S). That is, as Figure 25C As shown, the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pb+ are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s / 2)" degrees.

[0436] s: number of phases,

[0437] m: an integer from 1 to s-1 (excluding divisors (excluding 1) of s and multiples of divisors (excluding 1)),

[0438] n: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0439] In the rotating electrical machine M13, s = 2 and n = 4. Furthermore, if m = 1, the magnetic pole pair Pa+ and the magnetic pole pair Pb+ are separated by an electrical angle of 1,530 degrees. This also applies to the angles between other magnetic pole pairs P (for example, the angle between the magnetic pole pair Pa- and the magnetic pole pair Pb-) provided with two coils CL having the same winding direction. This relative position of the magnetic pole pair P and the excitation unit Fs can be applied to linear motors and axial gap rotating electrical machines.

[0440] In addition, between the two magnetic pole pairs P provided with the coils CL having the same winding direction, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s / 2)" degrees are ensured in terms of mechanical angle. In addition, the angle between the two magnetic pole pairs P is also expressed as "180 / s / c" degrees in terms of mechanical angle.

[0441] p: (number of poles of the excitation part) / 2,

[0442] c: number of coil pairs for each phase,

[0443] "(360 / p) × (n + m / s / 2)" is substantially equal to "180 / s / c." In the rotating electrical machine M13, the number of poles of the excitation unit Fs is, for example, 68 (p = 34). Furthermore, s = 2 and c = 2. Therefore, the angle between two adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is 45 degrees in mechanical terms. In other words, the number of poles (p × 2) of the excitation unit Fs, the number of coil pairs (s × c), and the number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a are set so that "(360 / p) × (n + m / s / 2)" is substantially equal to "180 / s / c."

[0444] [Example of an armature core composed of multiple partial cores]

[0445] The armature core may also be composed of a plurality of parts that are independently formed and coupled to each other (partial armature cores of the technical solution). Figures 26A to 28B This is a diagram for explaining a rotating electrical machine having such a structure as another example of the rotating electrical machine proposed by the present invention. Figures 29A to 29C This is an example of the following connection mechanism Li. The armature core structure shown in these figures is applicable not only to the illustrated radial gap type rotating electric machine but also to a linear motor and an axial gap type rotating electric machine.

[0446] Figure 26A It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am14 included in the rotating electrical machine. Figure 26B It is a plan view of the first armature core H1 constituting the armature portion Am14.

[0447] like Figure 26A As shown, the first armature core H1 includes a plurality of magnetic pole group core sections 53A arranged in the rotational direction. The magnetic pole group core sections 53A include a plurality of magnetic poles 53a arranged in the rotational direction and a common base 53b located at the base of the plurality of magnetic poles 53a. The plurality of magnetic poles 53a constitute a magnetic pole group G1. Furthermore, the first armature core H1 includes an annular yoke core section 53D. (In the example of the armature section Am14, the magnetic pole group core section 53A and the yoke core section 53D described below each correspond to the partial armature core in the claimed invention.)

[0448] like Figure 26AAs shown, multiple pole group core sections 53A are located outside the yoke core section 53D. Each pole group core section 53A is formed independently of the yoke core section 53D and is connected to the yoke core section 53D via a connecting mechanism Li1. Both the pole group core section 53A and the yoke core section 53D are formed from laminated steel plates. This first armature core H1 improves the core material yield during manufacturing of the first armature core H1 compared to a case where the entire armature core is formed from a single laminated steel plate.

[0449] Furthermore, in the armature portion Am14, similarly to the example of the rotating electrical machine M1, a coil CL is provided on the magnetic pole group G1. That is, in the armature portion Am14, the portion where the coil CL is provided is formed independently of the yoke portion core 53D. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the armature portion Am14, for example, the following operation steps can be performed: the coil CL of the bobbin winding or the air-core winding is mounted on the magnetic pole group portion core 53A, and thereafter, the magnetic pole group portion core 53A is connected to the yoke portion core 53D. Therefore, the distance K1 between adjacent magnetic pole group portion cores 53A can be reduced (see Figure 26B As a result, the number of magnetic poles 53a constituting one magnetic pole group G1 can be increased, the utilization efficiency of the magnet Mg can be improved, and the output torque of the rotating electrical machine can be increased.

[0450] like Figure 26B As shown, the connection mechanism Li1 is composed of an engaging portion 55a and an engaged portion 55b. In the example shown in the figure, the engaging portion 55a is formed in the pole group core 53A, and the engaged portion 55b is formed in the yoke core 53D. The engaging portion 55a is a convex portion that protrudes from the surface 53f of the pole group core 53A on the yoke core 53D side. On the other hand, the engaged portion 55b is a concave portion into which the engaging portion 55a is embedded. Conversely to the example of the armature portion Am14, the engaging portion 55a, which is a convex portion, may be formed in the yoke core 53D, and the engaged portion 55b, which is a concave portion, may be formed in the pole group core 53A.

[0451] like Figure 26BAs shown, in a state where the engaging portion 55a is embedded in the engaged portion 55b, that is, in a state where the pole group core 53A is connected to the yoke core 53D, the pole group core 53A is magnetically coupled to the yoke core 53D. The surface 53f of the pole group core 53A is preferably in contact with the yoke core 53D. The joint surface between the pole group core 53A and the yoke core 53D can be bonded or fixed by brazing or the like. As another method, the armature part Am14 can be molded with resin while the joint surfaces between the pole group core 53A and the yoke core 53D are pressed against each other. The connection structure between the pole group core 53A and the yoke core 53D is not limited to Figure 26A and Figure 26B For example, the pole group core 53A and the yoke core 53D may not have the connecting mechanism Li1 but may be connected to each other by bonding or brazing their joint surfaces, or molded with resin.

[0452] like Figure 29A As shown, the engaging portion 55a has a shape in which its width W9 gradually increases toward the front end. That is, the engaging portion 55a has a dovetail shape. On the other hand, the width of the inner side of the engaged portion 55b gradually decreases toward the open end of the engaged portion 55b (toward the magnetic pole group core 53A). The engaging portion 55a is pressed into the engaged portion 55b. Due to the shapes of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b, the side surface of the engaging portion 55a is pressed against the inner surface of the engaged portion 55b, thereby preventing the magnetic pole group core 53A from separating from the yoke core 53D.

[0453] like Figure 26B As shown, the multiple magnetic poles 53a that make up each magnetic pole group G1 include a magnetic pole 53a1 located outermost in the rotational direction. The magnetic pole 53a1 protrudes in the rotational direction from the side surface 53u of the common base 53b. This shape of the magnetic pole group core portion 53A increases the number of magnetic poles 53a that make up a single magnetic pole group G1.

[0454] like Figure 26A As shown, the armature unit Am14 includes a second armature core H2. The second armature core H2 includes multiple magnetic pole groups G2 arranged in the rotational direction. The magnetic pole groups G2 include multiple magnetic poles 54a arranged in the rotational direction. Each magnetic pole group G2 is axially located relative to the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1, and together they form a magnetic pole group pair P. Two magnetic pole groups G2 adjacent in the rotational direction share magnetic poles located at their ends. In other words, the ends of two magnetic pole groups G2 adjacent in the rotational direction have magnetic poles 54a1 that are wider in the rotational direction than the other magnetic poles 54a.

[0455] Furthermore, the second armature core H2 includes an annular yoke portion 54c. The second armature core H2 includes an annular portion 54g inside the yoke portion 54c. The annular portion 54g is connected to the yoke portion 54c via a plurality of connecting portions 54h. A plurality of holes 54e arranged in the rotational direction are formed between the annular portion 54g and the yoke portion 54c. The holes 54e are separated by the connecting portions 54h. These holes 54e contribute to the reduction in weight of the armature portion Am14.

[0456] The inner diameter of the second armature core H2 (the inner diameter of the annular portion 54g) may also match the inner diameter of the first armature core H1. This allows the second armature core H2 and the first armature core H1 to be firmly fixed by inserting a cylindrical support member inside them.

[0457] [Another example of an armature core composed of multiple partial cores]

[0458] Figure 27 This is an exploded perspective view of the armature part Am15, which is another example of the armature part. In the armature part Am15, the first armature core H1 has a plurality of partial cores 53B arranged in the rotation direction. The plurality of partial cores 53B are components formed independently of each other, and two adjacent partial cores 53B are connected to each other by a connecting mechanism Li1. Moreover, the plurality of partial cores 53B as a whole constitute the annular first armature core H1. In the structure of this first armature core H1 as well, the yield of the core material when manufacturing the first armature core H1 can be improved compared to the case where the entire armature core is composed of one laminated steel plate. (In the example of the armature part Am15, each of the partial core 53B and the partial core 54B of the second armature core H2 described below corresponds to the partial armature core in the technical solution)

[0459] Each partial core 53B has a plurality of magnetic poles 53a constituting the magnetic pole group G1 and a partial yoke 53h. A connecting mechanism Li1 ( Figure 26B ) of the armature portion 53h. The engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b are formed on opposite sides of the partial yoke 53h in the rotational direction. The engaging portion 55a fits into the engaged portion 55b of the adjacent partial yoke 53h, connecting the two partial yokes 53h. The specific shapes of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b can be the same as those of the armature portion Am14.

[0460] When the engaging portion 55a is embedded in the engaged portion 55b, that is, when the two partial cores 53B are connected to each other, the two partial cores 53B are magnetically coupled. Thus, similar to the rotating electrical machine M1, two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 in the rotational direction are magnetically coupled via the connected partial yoke 53h. The end face of one partial core 53B (the face having the engaging portion 55a) and the end face of the other partial core 53B (the face having the engaged portion 55b) are in contact with each other. The joining surfaces of the partial cores 53B can be bonded or fixed by brazing or the like. Alternatively, the armature portion Am15 can be molded with resin while the joining surfaces of the partial cores 53B are pressed against each other.

[0461] like Figure 27 As shown, in the armature section Am15, the second armature core H2 comprises a plurality of partial cores 54B arranged in the rotational direction. Each partial core 54B is independently formed, with adjacent partial cores 54B interconnected by a connecting mechanism Li1. Furthermore, the plurality of partial cores 54B collectively form the annular second armature core H2. This structure of the second armature core H2 improves the yield of the core material during armature core manufacturing.

[0462] Each partial core 54B includes a plurality of magnetic poles 54a that form a magnetic pole group G2, and a partial yoke 54f. Each partial yoke 54f is formed with an engaging portion 55a and an engaged portion 55b. The engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b are formed on opposite sides of the partial yoke 54f in the rotational direction. The specific shapes of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b can be the same as those of the armature portion Am14.

[0463] When the engaging portion 55a fits within the engaged portion 55b, that is, when the two partial cores 54B are connected, the two partial cores 54B are magnetically coupled. Thus, similar to the rotating electrical machine M1, two rotationally adjacent magnetic pole groups G2 are magnetically coupled via the connected partial yoke 54f. The end face of one partial core 54B (the face with the engaging portion 55a) and the end face of the other partial core 54B (the face with the engaged portion 55b) are preferably in contact with each other.

[0464] Furthermore, in the armature portion Am15, the armature cores H1 and H2 are composed of six partial cores 53B and 54B. However, the number of partial cores 53B and 54B may be less than six, or more than six. Furthermore, the armature cores H1 and H2 are divided (the positions of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b) between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 in the rotational direction. However, the armature cores H1 and H2 may be divided at the positions of each magnetic pole group G1 and G2. That is, the magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 and the annular yoke portion may be divided at positions intermediate between the magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 in the rotational direction. In this case, the dividing surface is no longer located between the two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 in the rotational direction. This can suppress the increase in magnetic resistance to the magnetic flux flowing through the two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 in the rotational direction.

[0465] [Another example of an armature core composed of multiple partial cores]

[0466] Figure 28A It is an exploded perspective view of an armature portion Am16 which is another example of the armature portion. Figure 28B 1 is a plan view of the first armature core H1 included in the armature unit Am16. In the armature unit Am16, the coil CL is provided on the yoke portion.

[0467] like Figure 28A As shown, the first armature core H1 includes multiple partial cores 53C arranged in the rotational direction. These partial cores 53C are independently formed components, with adjacent partial cores 53C connected to each other via a connecting mechanism Li1. The multiple partial cores 53C collectively form the annular first armature core H1. (In the example of the armature portion Am16, these partial cores 53C correspond to the partial armature cores in the technical solution.)

[0468] like Figure 28A As shown, each partial core 53C has a plurality of magnetic poles 53i constituting a magnetic pole group G1, and a partial yoke 53j. The partial yoke 53j has a coil mounting portion 53k located between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1. The coil CL is wound around the coil mounting portion 53k. Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the armature part Am16, for example, the following operation steps can be performed: after the coil CL of the cylindrical winding or the hollow winding is mounted on the coil mounting portion 53k, the two adjacent partial cores 53C are connected. Therefore, the distance K2 between adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 can be reduced (refer to Figure 28B ), the number of magnetic poles 53i constituting one magnetic pole group G1 can be increased. As a result, the utilization efficiency of the magnet Mg can be improved, and the output torque of the rotating electrical machine can be increased.

[0469] like Figure 28BAs shown, each partial yoke 53j is formed with an engaging portion 55a and an engaged portion 55b. The engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b are formed on opposite sides of the partial yoke 53j in the rotation direction. The specific shapes of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b can be the same as those of the armature portion Am14.

[0470] When the engaging portion 55a is embedded in the engaged portion 55b, that is, when the two partial cores 53C are connected to each other, the two partial cores 53C are magnetically coupled to each other. Therefore, similar to the rotating electrical machine M1, two rotationally adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 are magnetically coupled via the connected partial yoke 53j. Preferably, the end face of one partial core 53C (the face with the engaging portion 55a) and the end face of the other partial core 53C (the face with the engaged portion 55b) are in contact with each other.

[0471] In addition, the split position of the first armature core H1 (the position of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b) is between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 in the rotational direction. However, the split position of the armature core H1 can also be set at each magnetic pole group G1. In other words, the magnetic pole group G1 and the annular yoke portion can also be split at an intermediate position in the rotational direction of the magnetic pole group G1. In this way, the increase in magnetic resistance to the magnetic flux flowing through the two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 can be suppressed. In addition, the operation step of connecting the divided partial cores after winding is performed can be performed, which makes the winding operation easier.

[0472] In the first armature core H1, each partial core 53C has an inwardly projecting protrusion 53m. Due to the presence of these protrusions 53m, the inner diameter of the second armature core H2 matches that of the first armature core H1. This allows the second armature core H2 and the first armature core H1 to be securely fixed by inserting a cylindrical support member inside them.

[0473] [Connection mechanism]

[0474] Figure 29A yes Figures 26A to 28B The enlarged view of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b of the armature parts Am14, Am15, and Am16 shown in FIG. The engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b can be formed as a part of a laminated steel plate or a soft magnetic powder material core. The shape of the engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b is not limited to Figure 29A Example shown.

[0475] exist Figure 29BIn the illustrated connection mechanism Li2, the engaging portion 55c is, for example, a circular convex portion in plan view. Meanwhile, the engaged portion 55d is a concave portion having an inner surface that contacts the outer circumferential surface of the engaging portion 55c. Even with this structure, the outer surface of the engaging portion 55c abuts the inner surface of the engaged portion 55d, preventing the engaging portion 55c from separating from the engaged portion 55d, thereby reducing the magnetic resistance between the two partial cores.

[0476] As another example, in Figure 29C In the illustrated connection mechanism Li3, recessed portions serving as engaged portions 55b are formed in both partial cores. Connection mechanism Li3 includes a connection member 55A formed independently of the partial cores, with two engaging portions 55a formed in this connection member 55A. The two engaging portions 55a fit into the engaged portions 55b of the two partial cores, respectively, to connect the two partial cores.

[0477] The connection mechanism between the partial cores constituting the armature core may also include a pin that is pressed into a hole formed in the engaging portion. Furthermore, the engaging portion may be pressed against the inner surface of the engaged portion by the press-fitting of the pin. Figures 30 to 33 An example of a connection mechanism having such a structure is shown as another example of the connection mechanism.

[0478] exist Figure 30 In the connecting mechanism Li4 shown, a slit 56c is formed in the engaging portion 56a. A portion of the slit 56c is formed to be wide. In the example shown in the figure, a portion of the slit 56c is a circular interlocking hole 56d having a diameter larger than the width of the other portion. The connecting mechanism Li4 includes a pin 56e that is embedded in the interlocking hole 56d. When the pin 56e is embedded in the interlocking hole 56d, the engaging portion 56a is pushed toward a direction perpendicular to the protruding direction (the direction shown in the figure as D1), and the engaging portion 56a is pressed against the inner surface of the engaged portion 56b. The width of the engaging portion 56a increases toward the front end of the engaging portion 56a, and the side surface 56f of the engaging portion 56a and the inner surface of the engaged portion 56b are inclined relative to the opposing surface P3 of the two partial cores. Therefore, by inserting the pin 56e into the fitting hole 56d, a force acts between the two partial cores, pulling them together, and the facing surfaces P3 of the partial cores are brought into close contact. This prevents the formation of gaps between the facing surfaces P3 caused by dimensional variations in the engaging portion 56a or the engaged portion 56b, thereby improving the stability of the magnetic coupling between the two partial cores. Furthermore, the strength of the armature core using the coupling mechanism can be increased.

[0479] exist Figure 31In the example shown, the two partial cores are each provided with an engaged portion 56b. The connecting mechanism Li5 includes a connecting member 56A formed independently of the partial cores. This connecting member 56A has two engaging portions 56a that engage with the two engaged portions 56b, respectively. Each engaging portion 56a has the aforementioned slit 56c formed therein. A pin 56e is inserted into the fitting hole 56d formed in the slit.

[0480] exist Figure 32 In the example shown, the shape of the pin may be rectangular instead of circular. The front end of the pin 56g shown in the figure (the front end in the direction of pressing into the fitting hole 56h) is thinner. In addition, the pin 56g is pressed into only a part of the fitting hole 56h formed in the engaging portion 56a. That is, the length of the pin 56g is smaller than the depth of the fitting hole 56h (the thickness of part of the iron core). The connecting mechanism Li6 may also include two pins 56g pressed in from opposite sides in the axial direction. As Figure 33 As shown, the two pins 56i that are press-fitted from opposite sides in the axial direction may also be circular.

[0481] When the pins 56e, 56g, and 56i are made of a conductive material, the pins 56e, 56g, and 56i serve as paths for the induced current induced by the magnetic flux. Figure 32 and Figure 33 As shown in FIG, by making the length of the pins 56g and 56i smaller than the depth of the fitting holes 56d and 56h (the thickness of the partial core), the induced current can be reduced. In addition, the pins 56e, 56g, and 56i can also be formed of a high-resistance material or an insulating material. In addition, the pins 56e, 56g, and 56i can also be removed from the fitting holes 56d and 56h after being pressed into the fitting holes 56d and 56h to plastically deform the engaging portion 56a. The connection mechanism for connecting the partial cores is not limited to the reference Figures 29A to 33 The connection mechanisms Li1 to Li7 described above can be modified in various ways.

[0482] [Example of a Magnetic Pole with a Protruding Portion]

[0483] The magnetic pole formed on the armature core may have a protrusion protruding in the axial direction. Figures 34A to 38B This figure is used to illustrate an armature portion having such a structure as another example of an armature portion. A magnetic pole having such a protruding portion can be applied not only to radial gap type rotating electrical machines, but also to axial gap type rotating electrical machines and linear motors.

[0484] Figure 34A It is a perspective view of the armature unit Am17. Figure 34B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature unit Am17. Figure 35A It is an enlarged view of the protrusion 53n formed in the armature portion Am17.

[0485] like Figure 34B As shown, the first armature core H1 and Figure 26A The first armature core H1 shown in the figure similarly has a plurality of pole group cores 53A and an annular yoke core 53D. The pole group cores 53A and the yoke core 53D are each formed of laminated steel plates. In the armature part Am17, the pole group cores 53A and the yoke core 53D are connected by a connecting mechanism Li4 (see FIG. Figure 30 ) are connected to each other. (In the example of the armature part Am17, each of the pole group part core 53A and the yoke part core 53D corresponds to the partial armature core in the technical solution)

[0486] like Figure 34A As shown, the magnetic pole 53a of the pole group core 53A has a main body 53s that projects toward the field portion Fs, and a protrusion 53n that extends axially from the main body 53s. This increases the area of ​​the front end surface of the magnetic pole 53a (the area of ​​the surface facing the field portion Fs), reducing the magnetic resistance caused by the gap between the field portion Fs and the magnetic pole 53a. Furthermore, the protrusion 53n functions as a portion of the flow path for the axially flowing magnetic flux, along with the field cores 22N and 22S, thereby mitigating magnetic saturation in the field cores 22N and 22S.

[0487] like Figure 34B As shown, the pole group core 53A has a steel plate 53E at its axial end facing the second armature core H2. The front end of the steel plate 53E is longer than the other steel plates and is bent toward the second armature core H2 to form an axially protruding protrusion 53n.

[0488] In the armature part Am17, a plurality of steel plates 53E (see Figure 35A ) is bent toward the second armature core H2 to form a protrusion 53n. In the example shown in the figure, the front ends of the two steel plates 53E located at the end are bent. (In the figure, the front ends of the two steel plates 53E located at the upper end and the front ends of the two steel plates 53E located at the lower end are bent) As a result, the magnetic resistance generated by the gap between the excitation part Fs and the magnetic pole 53a can be more effectively reduced. The number of steel plates 53E that constitute the protrusion 53n can also be one, or more than three. In addition, this shape of the magnetic pole 53a (protrusion 53n) can also be applied to the first armature core formed integrally (that is, the armature core that does not have a partial core).

[0489] like Figure 34A As shown, the magnetic pole 54a of the second armature core H2 also has a main body 54s that protrudes toward the excitation portion Fs, and a protrusion 54n that extends axially from the main body 54s. The second armature core H2 is formed of laminated steel plates. Figure 34BThe axial end (the end facing the first armature core H1) shown here includes a steel plate 54E. The front end of the steel plate 54E is longer than the other steel plates and is bent toward the first armature core H1, forming a protrusion 54n. This increases the area of ​​the front end face of the magnetic pole 54a (the area facing the field portion Fs), reducing the magnetic resistance caused by the gap between the field portion Fs and the magnetic pole 54a. Furthermore, the protrusion 54n functions as part of the flow path for the magnetic flux flowing in the axial direction, along with the field cores 22N and 22S, thereby mitigating magnetic saturation in the field cores 22N and 22S.

[0490] In the second armature core H2, similar to the first armature core H1, the front ends of a plurality of steel plates 54E (two in the illustrated example) located at the axial ends are bent toward the first armature core H1 to form a protrusion 54n. The number of steel plates 54E forming the protrusion 54n may be one, or three or more.

[0491] exist Figure 34A In the example shown, the second armature core H2 also has an annular portion 54g inside the yoke portion 54c. The annular portion 54g is connected to the yoke portion 54c via a plurality of connecting portions 54h. A plurality of holes 54e are formed between the annular portion 54g and the yoke portion 54c, arranged in the direction of rotation. The inner diameter of the second armature core H2 (the inner diameter of the annular portion 54g) can also be aligned with the inner diameter of the first armature core H1. Thus, by inserting a cylindrical support member inside the second armature core H2 and the first armature core H1, they can be securely fixed.

[0492] [Examples of Variations of Protrusions]

[0493] like Figure 35A As shown, in the armature part Am17, the protrusion 53n is trapezoidal when viewed in the protruding direction of the magnetic pole 53a (radial direction of the rotating electrical machine). The shape of the protrusion 53n is not limited to this. For example, it can also be as shown in FIG. Figure 35B As shown, the protrusion 53n2 is triangular when viewed in the protruding direction of the magnetic pole 53a (radial direction of the rotating electrical machine), and can also be Figure 35C As shown in FIG. 5 , the protrusion 53n3 is a quadrilateral when viewed in the protruding direction of the magnetic pole 53a. Figure 35D As shown in FIG. 4 , a slit 53p is formed in the protrusion 53n4. The slit 53p can reduce eddy current in the protrusion 53n. The shape of the protrusion 53n disclosed in these figures can also be applied to the protrusion 54n of the second armature core H2.

[0494] [Example of a Dust Core Having a Magnetic Pole with a Protrusion]

[0495] A protrusion protruding in the axial direction may be formed on the armature core formed of a soft magnetic pressed powder material. Figure 36A and Figure 36B This is a diagram for explaining the armature portion Am18 having such a structure as another example of the armature portion. Figure 36A It is a perspective view of the armature unit Am18. Figure 36B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature unit Am18. Figure 37A It is an enlarged view of the protrusion 53n formed in the armature portion Am18.

[0496] like Figure 36B As shown, in the armature part Am18, the first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole group cores 53F arranged in the rotation direction. In addition, the first armature core H1 has an annular yoke core 53G. Each magnetic pole group core 53F is formed independently of the yoke core 53G and is connected by a connecting mechanism (for example, Figure 29A The engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b shown are connected to the yoke core portion 53G. (In the example of the armature portion Am18, the pole group core portion 53F and the yoke core portion 53G each correspond to the partial armature core in the technical proposal)

[0497] In the armature part Am18, the pole group part core 53F and the yoke part core 53G are formed of soft magnetic pressed powder material. Figure 36A and Figure 37A As shown, the magnetic pole 53a of the pole group core 53F includes a main body 53s that projects toward the field portion Fs, and a protrusion 53q that extends axially from the main body 53s. This increases the area of ​​the front end surface of the magnetic pole 53a (the surface facing the field portion Fs), reducing the magnetic resistance caused by the gap between the field portion Fs and the magnetic pole 53a. Furthermore, the protrusion 53n functions as a portion of the flow path for the axially flowing magnetic flux, along with the field cores 22N and 22S, thereby mitigating magnetic saturation in the field cores 22N and 22S.

[0498] The second armature core H2 is also formed of soft magnetic pressed powder material. Figure 36A As shown, the magnetic pole 54a of the second armature core H2 also includes a main body 54s that projects toward the field magnet portion Fs, and a protrusion 54n that extends axially from the main body 54s. This increases the area of ​​the front end surface of the magnetic pole 54a (the area of ​​the surface facing the field magnet portion Fs), reducing the magnetic resistance caused by the gap between the field magnet portion Fs and the magnetic pole 54a. Furthermore, the protrusion 54n functions as a portion of the flow path for the axially flowing magnetic flux, along with the field cores 22N and 22S, thereby mitigating magnetic saturation in the field cores 22N and 22S.

[0499] Thus, in the armature portion Am18, since the armature cores H1 and H2 are formed of a soft magnetic powder material, eddy currents within the armature cores H1 and H2 can be suppressed. Furthermore, a high degree of freedom can be ensured in the shape of the armature cores H1 and H2, making it easy to obtain optimal shapes for the magnetic poles 53a and 54a and the protrusions 53n and 54n.

[0500] [Another example of a protrusion]

[0501] like Figure 37A As shown, in the armature part Am18, the protrusion 53n is trapezoidal when viewed in the protruding direction of the magnetic pole 53a (radial direction of the rotating electrical machine). The shape of the protrusion 53q is not limited to this. For example, it can also be as shown in FIG. Figure 37B As shown, the protrusion 53n2 is triangular when viewed in the protruding direction of the magnetic pole 53a, and can also be Figure 37C As shown, the protrusion 53n3 is a quadrilateral when viewed in the protruding direction of the magnetic pole 53a.

[0502] [Example of Armature Core Formed of Laminated Steel Plates and Compacted Powder Material]

[0503] The armature core may include a portion formed of laminated steel plates and a portion formed of a soft magnetic pressed powder material. In this case, for example, the portion including the protrusions formed on each magnetic pole may also be formed of the soft magnetic pressed powder material. Figure 38A and Figure 38B This is a diagram for explaining the armature part Am19 having such a structure as another example of the armature part. Figure 38A It is a perspective view of the armature unit Am19. Figure 38B 1 and 2 are exploded perspective views of the armature portion Am 19. The armature core formed of two materials shown in these figures can be applied not only to radial gap type rotating electrical machines, but also to axial gap type rotating electrical machines and linear motors.

[0504] like Figure 38B As shown, the first armature core H1 includes a plurality of pole group cores 53A arranged in the rotation direction and an annular yoke core 53D. Each pole group core 53A is formed independently of the yoke core 53D and is connected by a connecting mechanism (e.g., Figure 29A The engaging portion 55a and the engaged portion 55b shown are connected to the yoke core portion 53D. (In the example of the armature portion Am19, the pole group core portion 53A and the yoke core portion 53D each correspond to the partial armature core in the technical solution)

[0505] like Figure 38BAs shown, the magnetic pole group core 53A is formed of laminated steel plates and soft magnetic powder material. In detail, the magnetic pole group core 53A has a laminated core 53J formed of laminated steel plates and a powder core 53H formed of soft magnetic powder material. When viewed in the axial direction, the shape of the powder core 53H can be the same as the shape of the laminated core 53J. The powder core 53H is located in the axial direction relative to the laminated core 53J and overlaps with the laminated core 53J. That is, the powder core 53H is located on the second armature core H2 side relative to the laminated core 53J. In the armature part Am19, the powder core 53H is located on both sides of the laminated core 53J in the axial direction. The laminated core 53J and the powder core 53H can also be fixed to each other.

[0506] like Figure 38A As shown, the magnetic pole 53a has a main body 53s that protrudes toward the excitation portion Fs, and a protrusion 53n that extends axially from the main body 53s (i.e., toward the second armature core H2). The laminated core 53J and the dust core 53H each have a portion that constitutes the main body 53s. The protrusion 53n is formed on the dust core 53H. The shape of the dust core 53H has a high degree of freedom. Therefore, according to the first armature core H1 including a portion formed of laminated steel plates and a portion formed of soft magnetic powder material, it is possible to achieve both high performance and productivity of the rotating electrical machine. In addition, the yoke portion core 53D of the first armature core H1 can be composed solely of laminated steel plates.

[0507] The second armature core H2 is also formed of laminated steel plates and soft magnetic powder material. Specifically, the second armature core H2 includes a laminated core 54G formed of laminated steel plates and a powder core 54H formed of soft magnetic powder material. When viewed in the axial direction, the shape of the powder core 54H can be the same as the shape of the laminated core 54G. The powder core 54H is located axially relative to the laminated core 54G and overlaps with the laminated core 54G. The powder core 54H is located on the side of the first armature core H1 relative to the laminated core 54G. The powder core 54H and the laminated core 54G can also be fixed to each other.

[0508] like Figure 38A As shown, the magnetic pole 54a includes a main body 54s that projects toward the excitation portion Fs, and a protrusion 54n that extends axially from the main body 54s (i.e., toward the first armature core H1). The laminated core 54G and the dust core 54H each include a portion that constitutes the main body 54s. The protrusion 54n is formed on the dust core 54H. The dust core 54H offers a high degree of freedom in its shape. Therefore, the second armature core H2, which includes the dust core 54H and the laminated core 54G, can achieve both high performance and productivity of the rotating electrical machine.

[0509] [Resin molded armature]

[0510] The armature portion described above is preferably reinforced with a non-magnetic and insulating material. Figure 39 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an armature portion Am20 having such a structure as an example of the armature portion.

[0511] Figure 39 The armature part Am20 shown is reinforced with a non-magnetic and insulating material. Specifically, the armature part Am20 is molded with resin 41. Figure 39 In the embodiment of the present invention, a part of the resin 41 is removed. That is, the first armature core H1, the second armature core H2 and the coil CL constituting the armature part Am20 are immersed in molten resin and then solidified. By molding the armature part Am20 with resin in this way, the wire breakage of the coil CL caused by vibration or impact can be prevented. In addition, the heat capacity of the armature part Am20 can be increased, and the temperature rise during the driving of the rotating motor can be alleviated. Furthermore, the operability of the assembly operation of the rotating motor can be improved. The wires of the coil CL are led out to the outside of the resin 41 and connected to a driving device not shown in the figure, such as an inverter.

[0512] like Figure 39 As shown, the front end surface of each magnetic pole 33a, 34a is exposed from the resin 41. Thus, a gap can be ensured between the front end surface of the magnetic poles 33a, 34a and the inner surface of the field portion Fs.

[0513] The inner circumferential surfaces of the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are preferably exposed from the resin 41. This allows the metal members supporting the armature portion Am20 to contact the inner circumferential surfaces of the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 when the rotating electrical machine is mounted on a device utilizing the rotating electrical machine as a drive source. As a result, the armature portion Am20 can be positioned with high precision. Furthermore, the metal-to-metal contact allows the armature cores H1 and H2 to be securely fixed.

[0514] [Details of the excitation unit]

[0515] Reference Figures 40A to 47 An example of an excitation unit will be described. The characteristic structure of the excitation unit described below can be applied to any rotary electric machine, and can also be applied to the linear motor described below. Figure 40A 、 Figure 40D 、 Figure 41 ,and Figure 42A This is a perspective view of a portion of the excitation unit in the rotation direction. Figure 40B 、 Figure 40C 、 Figure 40E 、 Figure 42B ,and Figures 43 to 471 and 2 are cross-sectional views of a portion of the excitation units Fs1 to Fs9 and Fs11 to Fs13 in the rotational direction, with the cross-sectional plane being perpendicular to the axial direction. In these figures, the magnetization direction of the magnet Mg is indicated by arrows.

[0516] In addition, the excitation parts described with reference to these figures all have the following structure. That is, the excitation part Fs has a plurality of permanent magnets Mg arranged in the direction of rotation, and a plurality of excitation cores 22N and 22S also arranged in the direction of rotation. The magnets Mg are arranged in such a manner that their magnetization directions face the direction of rotation of the rotating motor. The magnetization directions of the two adjacent magnets Mg are opposite. That is, the two adjacent magnets Mg are arranged in such a manner that the same poles (N poles or S poles) face each other. An excitation core 22N or an excitation core 22S is arranged between the two adjacent magnets Mg. The excitation core 22N is an excitation core arranged between the two magnets Mg with their N poles facing each other, and the excitation core 22S is an excitation core arranged between the two magnets Mg with their S poles facing each other.

[0517] Each magnet Mg has a larger width (width in the rotational direction) on a surface facing the side opposite to the armature portion. Figure 40A and Figure 40B The excitation part Fs1 shown is an excitation part arranged outside the armature part in the radial direction of the rotating electrical machine. Each magnet Mg has a larger width W11 ( Figure 40B ). As a result, the magnetic flux leaking to the outside of the excitation part Fs1 (the magnetic flux leaking to the side opposite to the armature part) can be reduced, and the output torque of the rotating electrical machine can be improved. On the other hand, the excitation cores 22N and 22S are opposite to the magnet Mg, and have a larger width on the surface facing the inside of the excitation part Fs1 (the surface on the armature part side) than on the surface facing the outside of the excitation part Fs1. Due to the shape of the excitation cores 22N, 22S and the magnet Mg, the excitation part Fs1 is cylindrical as a whole. The excitation cores 22N and 22S of this shape are formed, for example, of a soft magnetic pressed powder material. The excitation cores 22N and 22S can also be fixed to the surface of the magnet Mg by an adhesive or the like. The width of the excitation cores 22N and 22S can also be fixed in the radial direction of the rotating electrical machine.

[0518] Figure 40CThe field magnet portion Fs2 shown is located radially inside the armature portion of the rotating electrical machine. Therefore, each magnet Mg has a width W12 greater on the surface facing inward from the field magnet portion Fs2 than on the surface facing outward from the field magnet portion Fs2. This reduces magnetic flux leaking into the field magnet portion Fs2 (magnetic flux leaking to the side opposite the armature), thereby improving the output torque of the rotating electrical machine. Conversely, the field magnet cores 22N and 22S, unlike the magnets Mg, have a greater width on the surface facing outward from the field magnet portion Fs2 (the surface facing the armature portion) than on the surface facing inward from the field magnet portion Fs2. The shapes of the field magnet cores 22N, 22S and the magnets Mg give the field magnet portion Fs2 an overall cylindrical shape. Field magnet cores 22N and 22S of this shape are formed, for example, from a soft magnetic pressed powder material. Field magnet cores 22N and 22S can also be secured to the surface of the magnet Mg using an adhesive or the like.

[0519] [Excitation unit with a connecting portion]

[0520] like Figure 40D and Figure 40E As shown, the excitation part Fs9 is an excitation part arranged outside the armature part in a radial gap type rotating electrical machine. The excitation part Fs9 has a connecting part 24 connecting adjacent excitation cores 22S and 22N on the inner and outer peripheries of a plurality of magnets Mg. The connecting part 24 is formed relatively thin, and the magnetic flux of the magnets Mg is saturated in the connecting part 24. Therefore, the adjacent excitation cores 22N and 22S are substantially magnetically separated. Therefore, the poles (N pole and S pole) of the excitation part Fs9 are formed between the adjacent magnets Mg. Such an excitation part Fs9 can be obtained relatively easily by forming a cylindrical member from a soft magnetic pressed powder material, the cylindrical member being formed with an insertion hole extending in the axial direction, and the magnets Mg being inserted into the insertion hole.

[0521] In addition, Figure 40E In the example, the width of the magnet Mg (width in the rotational direction) is smaller on the surface facing the inside of the excitation part Fs9 than on the surface facing the outside. This can reduce the magnetic flux leaking to the side opposite to the armature part. Figure 40F In the field magnet Fs11 disposed inside the armature, the width (width in the rotational direction) of the magnet Mg may be larger on the surface facing inward than on the surface facing outward. This reduces magnetic flux leakage to the side opposite to the armature.

[0522] exist Figure 40E In the embodiment, the excitation part Fs9 has a connecting part 24 on the inner and outer peripheries of the plurality of magnets Mg. In contrast, the connecting part 24 may be formed as follows. Figure 40GThe excitation part Fs12 shown is generally formed only on the outer periphery of the plurality of magnets Mg, and the inner peripheral surface of the magnet Mg (the surface facing the inner side of the excitation part Fs12) is exposed. In this case, it is preferable to arrange the armature core inside the excitation part Fs12. On the contrary, the connecting part 24 can be as shown in FIG. Figure 40H The excitation portion Fs13 shown is typically formed only on the inner periphery of the multiple magnets Mg, leaving the outer periphery of the magnets Mg (the surface facing the outside of the excitation portion Fs13) exposed. In this case, the armature core is preferably positioned outside the excitation portion Fs13. This reduces the magnetic flux required to saturate the coupling portion 24, thereby increasing the output torque of the rotating electrical machine.

[0523] As another example, Figure 41 As shown, the excitation part Fs10 has a connecting part 25 connecting the adjacent excitation cores 22S and 22N on the upper and lower surfaces (end surfaces in the axial direction of the rotating electrical machine) of the plurality of magnets Mg. The connecting part 25 is formed relatively thin, and the magnetic flux of the magnet Mg is saturated in the connecting part 25. Therefore, the adjacent excitation cores 22N and 22S are substantially magnetically separated. Therefore, the poles (N pole and S pole) of the excitation part Fs10 are formed between the adjacent magnets Mg. Such an excitation part Fs10 can be obtained relatively easily by forming a cylindrical member from a soft magnetic pressed powder material, the cylindrical member being formed with an insertion hole, and the magnet Mg being inserted into the insertion hole. In addition, the connecting part 25 can also be formed on only one of the upper and lower surfaces of the plurality of magnets Mg.

[0524] [Example of an excitation unit formed of electromagnetic steel sheets]

[0525] The field cores 22N and 22S may also be formed of electromagnetic steel sheets that are substantially parallel in the axial and radial directions. This can suppress the generation of eddy currents caused by magnetic flux flowing from one of two axially aligned armature cores to the other through the field section, for example.

[0526] Figure 42A and Figure 42BFigures illustrate the excitation unit Fs3 having this structure. As shown in these figures, in the excitation unit Fs3, the excitation cores 22N and 22S are formed from stacked steel plates. Specifically, the excitation cores 22N and 22S are formed from multiple steel plates 22e stacked in the rotational direction. Each steel plate 22e is arranged substantially parallel to the axial and radial directions of the rotating electrical machine. The rotational width (thickness) of the steel plates 22e is the same for all the multiple steel plates that comprise the excitation cores 22N and 22S. On the other hand, the surface of each magnet Mg facing outward from the excitation unit Fs3 is wider than the surface facing inward from the excitation unit Fs3 (the surface facing the armature). (The excitation unit Fs3 is the excitation unit positioned radially outside the armature of the rotating electrical machine.) Due to this shape of the magnets Mg, the cylindrical excitation unit Fs3 is formed from steel plates. The excitation cores 22N and 22S can also be fixed to the surface of the magnets Mg using an adhesive or the like.

[0527] In addition, if Figure 43 As shown, the structure of the excitation unit Fs3 described above can also be applied to the excitation unit Fs4, which is arranged radially inward of the armature unit of the rotating electrical machine. In the excitation unit Fs4, the excitation cores 22N and 22S are formed from laminated steel plates. Each magnet Mg has a larger width on the surface facing outward of the excitation unit Fs4 (the surface facing the armature unit) than on the surface facing inward of the excitation unit Fs4.

[0528] [Example with partially excited core]

[0529] Each field core 22N, 22S may be composed of multiple partial cores arranged between two adjacent magnets and separated in the rotational direction. This can suppress the accumulation of dimensional errors in the field cores 22N, 22S and the magnets Mg, thereby improving the positional accuracy of the field cores 22N, 22S and the magnets Mg. Figure 44 The figures show the excitation part Fs5 having such a structure. As shown in these figures, each excitation core 22N, 22S is composed of a plurality of partial excitation cores 22f separated in the rotation direction. Specifically, each excitation core 22N, 22S is composed of two partial excitation cores 22f separated in the rotation direction, and a gap K3 is ensured between the two partial excitation cores 22f. The excitation part Fs5 is an excitation part arranged radially outside the armature part. The width of the magnet Mg and the partial excitation core 22f is fixed in the radial direction, and the gap K3 gradually increases toward the radial outside. As a result, the excitation part Fs5 is cylindrical as a whole.

[0530] The gap K3 is filled with, for example, a non-magnetic and insulating material. For example, the field cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg are fixed to each other by a fixing portion 23. The fixing portion 23 is formed of, for example, resin. The fixing portion 23 is filled in the gap K3 between adjacent partial field cores 22f.

[0531] This structure improves the positional accuracy of the field cores 22N and 22S, and enhances the workability of the rotating electrical machine assembly. Specifically, as the number of poles in the field unit increases and the distance (mechanical angle) between the field cores 22N and 22S decreases, the positional accuracy of the field cores 22N and 22S has a greater impact on the performance of the rotating electrical machine. Furthermore, when the number of parts increases due to the increase in the number of poles, and these parts are fixed in close contact, dimensional errors accumulate among the parts, potentially reducing the positional accuracy of the field cores. In contrast, in the structure of the field unit Fs5, since each field core 22N and 22S is composed of two partial field cores 22f, with a gap K3 provided between the two partial field cores 22f, the accumulation of dimensional errors is suppressed, improving the positional accuracy of the field cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg. Furthermore, the field unit Fs5 can be handled integrally during the assembly of the rotating electrical machine, thereby improving the workability of the assembly process.

[0532] Furthermore, during the manufacturing process of the excitation unit Fs5, for example, the plurality of magnets Mg and the plurality of partial excitation cores 22f are positioned using a jig or fixture. Subsequently, they are molded and secured using a non-magnetic and insulating material (specifically, resin 23). In this case, the excitation unit Fs5 can be molded using resin 23 after all the magnets Mg and all the partial excitation cores 22f are positioned, or the excitation unit Fs5 can be divided into a plurality of parts and each molded using resin 23. In this case, the plurality of molded parts are arranged in the rotational direction and fixed to each other, forming an annular excitation unit Fs5. Alternatively, each of the plurality of parts can be fixed to a fixing member to form an annular excitation unit Fs5.

[0533] Each partial excitation core 22f is positioned close to the surface (north pole surface, south pole surface) of the magnet Mg. For example, each partial excitation core 22f is in close contact with the surface (north pole surface, south pole surface) of the magnet Mg. Each partial excitation core 22f can also be fixed to the surface of the magnet Mg with an adhesive. Since there is no gap between the magnet Mg and the excitation cores 22N and 22S, a drop in magnetic force can be prevented.

[0534] Each partial excitation core 22f is formed by stacking steel plates. That is, each partial excitation core 22f is formed by a plurality of steel plates 22e stacked in the rotation direction. In this specification, "a plurality of steel plates 22e stacked in the rotation direction" means the direction of the stacking direction including the tangent of the circle (the circle centered on the axis Ax1 of the rotating electrical machine) at the position of the partial excitation core 22f. The width of the steel plate 22e in the rotation direction (the thickness of the steel plate) is the same among the plurality of steel plates 22e constituting the partial excitation core 22f. In addition, each partial excitation core 22f can also be composed of only one steel plate.

[0535] In addition, if Figure 45As shown, the structure of the field unit Fs5 described above can also be applied to the field unit Fs6, which is arranged radially inward of the armature unit of the rotating electrical machine. In the field unit Fs6, the field cores 22N and 22S are formed from laminated steel plates. Furthermore, each field core 22N and 22S is composed of two separate field cores 22f in the rotational direction.

[0536] [Part of the excitation core formed of pressed powder material]

[0537] like Figure 46 As shown, the structure of the excitation section Fs5 described above can also be applied to an excitation section Fs7 having excitation cores 22N and 22S formed of a soft magnetic pressed powder material. In the excitation section Fs7, each excitation core 22N and 22S includes multiple partial excitation cores 22g formed of a soft magnetic pressed powder material. Specifically, each excitation core 22N and 22S is composed of two partial excitation cores 22g separated in the rotational direction. A gap K4 is ensured between the two partial excitation cores 22g. The excitation section Fs7 is arranged radially outside the armature section. The gap K4 is filled with a non-magnetic and insulating material. For example, the excitation cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg are molded with resin 23, and the gap K4 is filled with resin 23. Each partial excitation core 22g is arranged close to the surface (N pole surface and S pole surface) of the magnet Mg. Each partial excitation core 22f can also be fixed with an adhesive material.

[0538] The partial excitation cores 22g are formed from a soft magnetic pressed powder material, allowing for a high degree of freedom in their shape. In the excitation section Fs7, each partial excitation core 22g has a larger width W13 on the surface facing the inside of the excitation section Fs7 than on the surface facing the outside of the excitation section Fs7. On the other hand, each magnet Mg has a larger width on the surface facing the outside of the excitation section Fs7 than on the surface facing the inside of the excitation section Fs7. Due to the shapes of the excitation cores 22N, 22S, and the magnet Mg, the excitation section Fs7 as a whole has a cylindrical shape. In the excitation section Fs7, the gap K4 between the two partial excitation cores 22g is fixed in the radial direction. This reduces the effect of the gap K4 formed between the partial excitation cores 22g.

[0539] like Figure 47 As shown, the structure of the field section Fs7 described above can also be applied to the field section Fs8, which is arranged radially inward of the armature section of the rotating electrical machine. In the field section Fs8, the partial field cores 22g of the field cores 22N and 22S are formed from a soft magnetic pressed powder material. In the field section Fs8, each partial field core 22g has a greater width on the surface facing outward from the field section Fs8 than on the surface facing inward from the field section Fs8.

[0540] [Linear Motor]

[0541] The structure of the electric machine proposed in the present invention can also be applied to a linear motor in which the armature part and the excitation part are relatively movable in a direction along a straight line. Figure 48A and Figure 48B This is a diagram showing an example of a linear motor to which the structure proposed by the present invention is applied. Figure 48A This is a three-dimensional diagram of the linear motor M30. Figure 48B This is an exploded perspective view of the linear motor M30.

[0542] In addition, the linear motor M30 can also apply the armature core with a partial iron core described so far, the armature core using soft magnetic pressed powder material, the armature core having two coils CL with different winding directions for each phase, or the armature core having a protrusion at the end of the magnetic pole.

[0543] like Figure 48A As shown, the linear motor M30 includes an excitation unit Fs30 and an armature unit Am30. The excitation unit Fs30 and the armature unit Am30 are relatively movable in a direction along a straight line L1. (Hereinafter, the direction along the straight line L1 is referred to as the "mechanical operation direction.") For example, the excitation unit Fs30 is fixed to a structure included in the device carrying the linear motor M30, and the armature unit Am30 is guided so as to move in the mechanical operation direction. In this case, the excitation unit Fs30 has a length corresponding to the movable range of the armature unit Am30. Alternatively, the armature unit Am30 can be fixed to a structure included in the device carrying the linear motor M30, and the excitation unit Fs30 can be guided so as to move in a direction along a straight line.

[0544] The armature part Am30 has a plurality of armature cores H1 and H2 arranged in a direction perpendicular to the mechanical operation direction. (Hereinafter, the "direction perpendicular to the mechanical operation direction" is referred to as the "cross direction") As shown in the figure, the armature part Am30 has, for example, a first armature core H1 and two second armature cores H2. The first armature core H1 is arranged between the two second armature cores H2. The number of armature cores constituting the armature part Am30 is not limited to the example shown in the figure. The armature part Am30 may also be arranged with, for example, Figure 12A The rotating electrical machine M3 shown is similarly composed of one first armature core H1 and one second armature core H2. The armature cores H1 and H2 are composed of, for example, laminated steel plates formed by stacking a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates in a crosswise direction.

[0545] like Figure 48B As shown, the first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the mechanical operation direction. Each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 has a plurality of magnetic poles 63a arranged in the mechanical operation direction. The second armature core H2 also has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 arranged in the mechanical operation direction. Each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 has a plurality of magnetic poles 64a arranged in the mechanical operation direction.

[0546] like Figure 48B As shown, the first armature core H1 has a yoke portion 63c extending in the mechanical operation direction. In addition, the second armature core H2 has a yoke portion 64c extending in the mechanical operation direction. A plurality of magnetic poles 63a, 64a protrude from the yoke portions 63c, 64c toward the field portion Fs30.

[0547] The first armature core H1 is provided with a coil CL. The coil CL is arranged so that the magnetic flux flowing through the two magnetic pole groups G1 passes through the inside of the coil CL. In the example shown in the figure, each coil CL is wound around the magnetic pole 63a constituting the magnetic pole group G1.

[0548] The linear motor is, for example, driven by three-phase alternating current. A U-phase coil CLu, a V-phase coil CLv, and a W-phase coil CLw are provided on the first armature core H1. These three coils CL are respectively provided on three magnetic pole groups G1. The number of phases of the alternating current supplied to the linear motor is not limited to three.

[0549] The magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2 is positioned in a direction intersecting the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1, and together with the magnetic pole group G1, forms a magnetic pole group pair P. The positional relationship between the magnetic poles 63a constituting the magnetic pole group G1 and the magnetic poles 64a constituting the magnetic pole group G2 can be similar to the relationship between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a of the rotating electrical machine M1, for example. Specifically, the magnetic poles 63a of the magnetic pole group G1 are positioned at a position separated from the magnetic poles 64a of the magnetic pole group G2 by, for example, 180 electrical degrees. Here, "electrical degree" refers to the distance expressed relative to the angle between two adjacent field cores 22N (or 22S) having the same polarity, assuming the distance between the two adjacent field cores 22N (or 22S) is 360 degrees.

[0550] As another example, the distance between the magnetic pole 63a of the magnetic pole group G1 and the magnetic pole 64a of the magnetic pole group G2 in the rotation direction may be as follows: Figures 6A to 8B The width of each magnetic pole 63a, 64a in the mechanical operation direction is fixed in the magnetic pole groups G1, G2, or it can be changed according to the position in the magnetic pole groups G1, G2.

[0551] like Figure 48CAs shown, the excitation part Fs30 has a plurality of magnets Mg arranged in the direction of mechanical operation. Each magnet Mg is magnetized in the direction of mechanical operation. In the excitation part Fs30, the magnets Mg are arranged so that surfaces (pole faces) of the same polarity face each other, similar to the excitation part Fs of the rotating motor M1, etc. Excitation cores 22N and 22S are arranged between two adjacent magnets Mg. Each excitation core 22N and 22S can be composed of a partial excitation core 22f separated in the direction of mechanical operation. The partial excitation core 22f can be formed of laminated steel plates or a soft magnetic pressed powder material.

[0552] like Figure 48C As shown, the field part Fs30 may also have a fixing part 23 that fixes the field cores 22N and 22S and the magnet Mg to each other. As described above, the fixing part 23 can be filled into the gap between the adjacent partial field cores 22f. The fixing part 23 is formed of resin, for example.

[0553] The two magnetic pole groups G1 adjacent in the mechanical operating direction are magnetically connected via the yoke portion 64c. Furthermore, the two magnetic pole groups G2 adjacent in the mechanical operating direction are also magnetically connected via the yoke portion 63c. Meanwhile, the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are magnetically separated. The armature portion Am30 can also be molded with resin. In this case, the gap between the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 can be filled with the resin used to mold the armature cores H1 and H2.

[0554] Therefore, in the linear motor M30, similar to the rotary motor M1 described so far, the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg flows between the two magnetic pole groups G1 and the two magnetic pole groups G2, and flows between the magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 via the field cores 22N and 22S. Furthermore, the magnetic flux passes through the inside of the coil CL while flowing through the two magnetic pole groups G1.

[0555] This linear motor M30 eliminates the need to magnetically separate the armature cores H1 and H2 in the direction of mechanical motion, thereby increasing the strength of the armature cores H1 and H2. Furthermore, the simplified structure of the armature cores H1 and H2 improves the assembly accuracy of the linear motor. Furthermore, this simplified structure increases the freedom in material selection, allowing for example to utilize only electromagnetic steel sheets or compressed powder materials. In the linear motor M30, each armature core H1 and H2 is entirely formed from laminated steel sheets.

[0556] [Axial clearance type]

[0557] The structure of the electric machine proposed in the present invention can also be applied to a so-called axial gap type rotating electric machine in which the excitation part and the armature part face each other in the axial direction. Figure 49A and Figure 49B1 is a diagram showing an axial gap rotating electrical machine M40 to which the structure proposed by the present invention is applied. Figure 49A It is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M40 , and a portion of the excitation unit Fs40 in the rotation direction is not shown. Figure 49B It is an exploded perspective view of the armature portion Am40 included in the rotary electric machine M40. Figure 49C It is an enlarged perspective view of the excitation unit Fs40 included in the rotating electrical machine 40 .

[0558] In addition, the armature core having a partial iron core described so far, the armature core formed by stacked steel plates, the armature core having two coils CL with different winding directions for each phase, or the armature core having a protrusion at the end of the magnetic pole, etc. can also be applied to the rotating electrical machine M40.

[0559] like Figure 49A As shown, the rotary electric machine M40 includes an excitation unit Fs40 and an armature unit Am40. The excitation unit Fs40 and the armature unit Am40 are relatively movable in the rotational direction centered on the axis Ax1. For example, the armature unit Am40 may be fixed to a structure included in the device carrying the rotary electric machine M40, guiding the excitation unit Fs40 so that it can move in the rotational direction. Alternatively, the excitation unit Fs40 may be fixed to a structure included in the device carrying the rotary electric machine M40, guiding the armature unit Am40 so that it can move in the rotational direction.

[0560] like Figure 49A As shown, the armature unit Am40 includes multiple armature cores H1, H2, and H3 arranged in a radial direction. Each armature core H1, H2, and H3 is annular and arranged concentrically. As shown in the figure, the armature unit Am40 includes, for example, a first armature core H1, a second armature core H2, and a third armature core H3. The first armature core H1 is arranged between the second armature core H2 and the third armature core H3.

[0561] like Figure 49B As shown, the first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the rotation direction. Each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 has a plurality of magnetic poles 73a arranged in the rotation direction. The second armature core H2 and the third armature core H3 also have a plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 and G3 arranged in the rotation direction. The magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2 has a plurality of magnetic poles 74a arranged in the rotation direction, and the magnetic pole group G3 of the third armature core H3 has a plurality of magnetic poles 75a arranged in the rotation direction. Each magnetic pole 73a, 74a, 75a is a convex portion protruding toward the excitation portion Fs40. As shown in FIG. Figure 49BAs shown, the three armature cores H1, H2, and H3 each have annular yoke portions 73c, 74c, and 75c extending in the rotational direction. Magnetic poles 73a, 74a, and 75a project from the yoke portions 73c, 74c, and 75c toward the field magnet portion Fs40. These armature cores H1, H2, and H3 are formed, for example, from a soft magnetic pressed powder material.

[0562] Coils CL are provided on the first armature core H1. In the illustrated example, each coil CL is wound around the plurality of magnetic poles 73a that constitute the magnetic pole group G1. Regarding the position of the coil CL, it can also be wound around the yoke portion 73c between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1 in the rotational direction. The rotating electrical machine M40 is, for example, a motor driven by three-phase alternating current, and a U-phase coil CLu, a V-phase coil CLv, and a W-phase coil CLw are provided on the first armature core H1.

[0563] like Figure 49A As shown, the magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2 is radially located relative to the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1, and together with the magnetic pole group G1, forms a magnetic pole group pair P. The magnetic pole group G3 of the third armature core H3 is also radially located relative to the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1, and together with the magnetic pole group G1, forms a magnetic pole group pair P. In the example of the armature portion Am40, the magnetic pole group G1 is located between the magnetic pole groups G2 and G3. The positional relationship between the magnetic poles 73a constituting the magnetic pole group G1 and the magnetic poles 74a and 75a constituting the magnetic pole groups G2 and G3 can be similar to the relationship between the magnetic poles 33a and 34a of the rotating electrical machine M1. That is, the positions of the magnetic poles 74a of the magnetic pole group G2 and the magnetic poles 75a of the magnetic pole group G3 are separated from the positions of the magnetic poles 73a of the magnetic pole group G1 by, for example, an electrical angle of 180 degrees.

[0564] The excitation unit Fs40 includes a plurality of magnets Mg arranged in the direction of rotation. Each magnet Mg is magnetized in the direction of rotation. Similar to the excitation unit Fs40 included in the rotating electrical machine M1, the magnets Mg are arranged so that their surfaces (pole faces) of the same polarity face each other. The excitation unit Fs40 includes excitation cores 22N and 22S between two adjacent magnets Mg.

[0565] In each of the armature cores H1, H2, and H3, two adjacent magnetic pole groups G1, G2, and G3 in the rotational direction are magnetically connected via the yoke portions 73c, 74c, and 75c. On the other hand, the first armature core H1 is magnetically separated from the second armature cores H2 and H3. Therefore, the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg flows between the two magnetic pole groups G1 provided in the first armature core H1, between the two magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the second armature core H2, and between the magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 via the field cores 22N and 22S. Furthermore, the magnetic flux generated by the magnet Mg flows between the two magnetic pole groups G1 provided in the first armature core H1, between the two magnetic pole groups G3 provided in the third armature core H3, and between the magnetic pole groups G1 and G3 via the field cores 22N and 22S. When the magnetic flux flows through the two magnetic pole groups G1 provided in the first armature core H1 , the magnetic flux passes through the inside of the coil CL.

[0566] The rotating electrical machine M40 utilizing this magnetic circuit eliminates the need to magnetically divide the armature cores H1, H2, and H3 in the direction of rotation. This increases the strength of the armature cores H1, H2, and H3. Furthermore, the structure of the armature cores H1, H2, and H3 can be simplified, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the rotating electrical machine.

[0567] like Figure 49C As shown, the excitation part Fs40 has a plurality of magnets Mg arranged in the rotation direction. Excitation cores 22N and 22S are arranged between two adjacent magnets Mg. Each excitation core 22N and 22S can be composed of a partial excitation core 22f separated in the rotation direction. The partial excitation core 22f can be formed of laminated steel plates or of soft magnetic pressed powder material. The excitation part Fs40 can have a fixing part 23 that connects the magnet Mg and the excitation core 22N and 22S to each other. The fixing part 23 can be formed, for example, on the opposite side of the armature cores H1, H2, and H3. In the excitation part Fs40, the width of the magnet Mg in the rotation direction can gradually increase toward the radial direction. In this way, the shape of the magnetic poles of the armature cores H1, H2, and H3 can be adapted to the shape of the magnet Mg.

[0568] [Excitation unit placed between two armature units]

[0569] The electric machine may include two armature parts facing each other and an excitation part arranged between the two armature parts. Figure 50A and Figure 50B FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a rotating electrical machine M21 as an example of an electrical machine having such a structure. Figure 50A This is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M21 , and a portion of the armature unit Am212 in the rotational direction and a portion of the field unit Fs in the rotational direction are not shown. Figure 50B It is an exploded perspective view of the rotary electric machine M21.

[0570] like Figure 50A As shown, the rotating electrical machine M21 includes an outer armature portion Am212 and an inner armature portion Am211. The inner armature portion Am211 is positioned inside the outer armature portion Am212, with the two armature portions Am211 and Am212 facing each other in the radial direction of the rotating electrical machine M21. The excitation portion Fs is positioned between the two armature portions Am211 and Am212 and is rotatable relative to the armature portions Am211 and Am212 in the rotational direction. This structure reduces the leakage flux of the magnet Mg provided in the excitation portion Fs, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the magnet Mg. The two armature portions Am211 and Am212 are fixed to each other via a structure (not shown). For example, the armature portions Am211 and Am212 are fixed to a common structure (e.g., a frame of a device that mounts the rotating electrical machine M21) positioned above or below them in the axial direction.

[0571] Excitation part Fs and reference Figure 40A The excitation part Fs1 described above includes magnets Mg and excitation cores 22N and 22S. The excitation cores 22N and 22S are preferably exposed on the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the excitation part Fs. In other words, the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the excitation cores 22N and 22S are preferably not covered with a resin or the like that holds the excitation cores 22N and 22S and the magnets Mg. The magnets Mg may also be exposed on the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the excitation part Fs. When the excitation part Fs functions as a rotor, a structure to be driven may be fixed to the axial end of the excitation part Fs.

[0572] The inner armature part Am211 is similar to the reference Figure 1A The same as the armature part Am1 described above. Figure 50B As shown, the inner armature portion Am211 includes one first armature core H1 and two second armature cores H2. The armature cores H1 and H2 have a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 arranged in the rotation direction. A coil is provided on each magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1.

[0573] like Figure 50B As shown, the outer armature portion Am212, like the inner armature portion Am211, includes one first armature core H5 and two second armature cores H6. The first armature core H5 is positioned between the two second armature cores H6. The armature cores H5 and H6 have multiple magnetic pole groups G5 and G6 arranged in the direction of rotation. Coils CL are provided on the magnetic pole group G5 of the first armature core H5.

[0574] Each magnetic pole group G5 is radially opposed to the magnetic pole group G1 of the inner armature portion Am211, and each magnetic pole group G6 is radially opposed to the magnetic pole group G2 of the inner armature portion Am211. In the example of the rotating electrical machine M21, the angular positions and number of the magnetic pole groups G5 provided in the outer armature portion Am212, as well as the angular positions and number of the magnetic poles provided in the magnetic pole groups G5, are identical to the angular positions and number of the magnetic poles provided in the magnetic pole groups G1 and magnetic pole groups G1 provided in the inner armature portion Am211. Furthermore, the angular positions and number of the magnetic pole groups G6 provided in the outer armature portion Am212, as well as the angular positions and number of the magnetic poles provided in the magnetic pole groups G6, are identical to the angular positions and number of the magnetic poles provided in the magnetic pole groups G2 provided in the inner armature portion Am211 and magnetic pole groups G2.

[0575] The magnetic pole pair P (a pair of magnetic pole groups G1 and G2 constituting a common magnetic circuit) of the inner armature portion Am211 provided with the U-phase coil CLu and the magnetic pole pair P of the outer armature portion Am212 provided with the U-phase coil CLu are radially opposed to each other. The same applies to the coils CL of the other phases (V-phase, W-phase). That is, the inner armature portion Am211 and the outer armature portion Am212 are arranged in such a manner that the magnetic pole pair P of the coils CL of the same phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) are radially opposed to each other. Therefore, when observing the two armature portions Am211 and Am212 from the excitation portion Fs, the winding direction (for example, clockwise direction) of the coil CL provided in the inner armature portion Am211 is the same as the winding direction (for example, clockwise direction) of the coil CL provided in the outer armature portion Am212.

[0576] Furthermore, the magnetic pole pair P of the inner armature portion Am211, which is provided with the U-phase coil CLu, can be offset in the rotational direction relative to the magnetic pole pair P of the outer armature portion Am212, which is provided with the U-phase coil CLu. In this case, focusing on the in-phase magnetic pole groups G1 and G5 of the inner armature portion Am211 and outer armature portion Am212, respectively, it is sufficient that the polarity (S / N) of the excitation core of the excitation portion Fs, which faces the magnetic pole group G1 of the inner armature portion Am211, and the polarity of the excitation core of the excitation portion Fs, which faces the magnetic pole group G5 of the outer armature portion Am212, are the same. In this way, even if the positions of the magnetic pole pairs P, which are provided with the in-phase coils CL, are offset in the rotational direction, rotation of the excitation portion Fs is permitted.

[0577] Furthermore, the structure of the armature parts Am211 and Am212 is not limited to the example of the rotary motor M21. For example, the structure of the inner armature part Am211 may be different from that of the armature part Am1 of the rotary motor M1. Furthermore, the position and number of the magnetic pole groups G5 and G6 and the position and number of the magnetic poles of the outer armature part Am212 may be different from those of the inner armature part Am211. Furthermore, the structure in which the excitation part is arranged between the two opposing armature parts can be applied not only to Figure 50A and Figure 50B The radial gap rotating motor shown above can also be applied to axial gap rotating motors and linear motors. Axial gap rotating motors and linear motors also have the effect of canceling out the magnetic attraction between the excitation unit and the armature, simplifying the structures of bearings and linear guides.

[0578] [Armature unit placed between two excitation units]

[0579] The electric machine may include two opposing excitation units and an armature unit disposed between the two excitation units. Figure 51A and Figure 51B FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a rotating electrical machine M22 as an example of an electrical machine having such a structure. Figure 51A This is a perspective view of the rotary electric machine M22 , and a portion of the field unit Fs221 in the rotational direction and a portion of the armature unit Am22 in the rotational direction are not shown. Figure 51B It is an exploded perspective view of the rotary electric machine M22.

[0580] The rotating electrical machine M22 includes an inner excitation unit Fs222 and an outer excitation unit Fs221. The inner excitation unit Fs222 is positioned inside the outer excitation unit Fs221, with the two excitation units Fs221 and Fs222 facing each other in the radial direction of the rotating electrical machine M22. Each excitation unit Fs221 and Fs222, like the excitation unit Fs1 and others, includes a magnet Mg and excitation cores 22S and 22N. The armature unit Am22 is positioned between the two excitation units Fs221 and Fs222. It includes multiple magnetic pole groups G71 and G72 arranged in the rotational direction on both the outer and inner circumferences of the first armature core H7, and multiple magnetic pole groups G81 and G82 arranged in the rotational direction on both the outer and inner circumferences of the second armature core H8. The two excitation units Fs221 and Fs222 are rotatable relative to the armature unit Am22 in the rotational direction. According to the structure of the rotating electrical machine M22, since the excitation portion exists not only outside the armature portion Am22 but also inside, the torque output by the rotating electrical machine can be increased without increasing the size of the rotating electrical machine.

[0581] The two excitation parts Fs221 and Fs222 are linked to each other via a structure not shown. When the excitation parts Fs221 and Fs222 are rotors, they rotate integrally.

[0582] The armature part Am22 has, for example, one first armature core H7 and two second armature cores H8. In the first armature core H7, the outer magnetic pole group G71 is, for example, the same as that in the reference Figure 13 The armature unit Am4 described above is similarly composed of five magnetic poles. In the first armature core H7, the inner magnetic pole group G72 consists of four magnetic poles. The rotational position of the magnetic poles of the outer magnetic pole group G71 is offset from the rotational position of the magnetic poles of the inner magnetic pole group G72, for example, by 180 degrees in electrical angle. In the second armature core H8, the outer magnetic pole group G81 consists of six magnetic poles, and the inner magnetic pole group G82 consists of five magnetic poles. The rotational position of the magnetic poles of the outer magnetic pole group G81 is also offset from the rotational position of the magnetic poles of the inner magnetic pole group G82, for example, by 180 degrees in electrical angle. At this time, the rotational positions of the outer excitation portion Fs221 and the inner excitation portion Fs222 are also offset in accordance with the rotational positional shift of the magnetic poles of the outer magnetic pole group G71, G81 and the inner magnetic pole group G72, G82. By thus offsetting the positions of the magnetic poles constituting the outer magnetic pole group G71, G81 and the magnetic poles constituting the inner magnetic pole group G72, G82 in the rotational direction, the limited space inside the armature portion Am22 can be effectively utilized while increasing the number of magnetic poles.

[0583] The first armature core H7 is provided with a coil CL. The configuration of the coil CL can be similar to that of the reference Figure 13 The same is true for the armature portion Am4 described. That is, the coil CL is located between two adjacent magnetic pole groups G71 in the rotation direction (in other words, between the two magnetic pole groups G72) and is wound around the yoke portion. Therefore, the magnetic flux formed by the magnet Mg passes through the inner side of the coil CL and flows between the two magnetic pole groups G71 and between the two magnetic pole groups G72. The magnetic flux flowing inside the coil CL flows to the outer excitation portion Fs221 through the outer magnetic pole group G71, and flows to the inner excitation portion Fs222 through the inner magnetic pole group G72. The magnetic pole group pair arranged on the inner side of the armature portion Am22 (i.e., the magnetic pole group G71, G81) and the magnetic pole group pair arranged on the outer side of the armature portion Am22 (i.e., the magnetic pole group G72, G82) share one coil CL. Therefore, the two magnetic pole group pairs have the same phase (U phase, V phase, or W phase).

[0584] In addition, the configuration of coil CL is not limited to Figure 51A and Figure 51BFor example, a coil CL may be provided on each of the magnetic pole pair provided on the inner side of the armature part Am22 and the magnetic pole pair provided on the outer side. In this case, the position of the magnetic pole pair provided on the inner side and the inner excitation part Fs222 in the rotation direction, and the position of the magnetic pole pair provided on the outer side and the outer excitation part Fs221 in the rotation direction can be set to be independent. In addition, the structure in which the armature part is arranged between two opposing excitation parts can be applied not only to Figure 51A and Figure 51B The radial gap rotating motor shown above can also be applied to axial gap rotating motors and linear motors. In these motors, the magnetic attraction between the excitation and armature components can be offset, simplifying the structures of bearings and linear guides.

[0585] [Example of multiple coils provided in one magnetic pole group]

[0586] The armature core (for example, Figure 1A In the illustrated armature core H1, a single coil is wound around each magnetic pole group. Alternatively, each magnetic pole group may include an outer coil wound around the plurality of magnetic poles that constitute the group, and an inner coil disposed inside the outer coil and surrounding only a portion of the magnetic poles.

[0587] exist Figure 52 In the armature unit Am23 shown, outer coils CL1 and inner coils CL2 are provided around the multiple magnetic pole groups G1 of the armature core H1. For example, in the U-phase magnetic pole group G1u, outer coils CL1 surround all of the five magnetic poles 33a that make up the magnetic pole group G1u, and inner coils CL2 surround only a portion of the magnetic poles 33a. In the illustrated example, inner coil CL2 is located at the center of outer coil CL1 and surrounds only the central plurality of magnetic poles 33a (three magnetic poles 33a) of the total magnetic poles 33a that make up the magnetic pole group G1u. This structure effectively utilizes the space between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a and increases the number of magnetic poles 33a that make up each magnetic pole group G1.

[0588] The width (radial width) of the outer coil CL1 and the width (radial width) of the inner coil CL2 may also be different. For example, the width (radial width) of the outer coil CL1 may be larger than the width (radial width) of the inner coil CL2. Furthermore, the number of turns of the outer coil CL1 and the number of turns of the inner coil CL2 may also be different. For example, the number of turns of the outer coil CL1 may be larger than the number of turns of the inner coil CL2.

[0589] In this way, in a structure in which a plurality of coils CL1 and CL2 are provided on each magnetic pole group G1, the space for arranging the inner coil CL2 (the space between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a) can be made larger than the space between the other two magnetic poles 33a.

[0590] In addition, you can also Figure 52 Unlike the example shown, the position of the inner coil CL2 is not the center of the outer coil CL1. In addition, when the number of magnetic poles 33a surrounded by the outer coil CL1 is large, multiple inner coils CL2 can be set inside the outer coil CL1. Figure 52 In the example shown, the outer coil and the inner coil are arranged in duplicate. However, when the number of magnetic poles 33 a is large, three or more coils may be arranged in three or more layers.

[0591] [Another example of armature core arrangement]

[0592] The electrical machine described so far (for example, Figure 1A In the illustrated rotating electrical machine M1, the two armature cores are positioned in the same direction relative to the excitation unit and are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction of relative movement between the armature and excitation units (i.e., the direction of mechanical operation). The arrangement of the armature cores is not limited to this. The two armature cores do not need to be arranged adjacent to each other, as long as they are separated in a direction intersecting the direction of relative movement between the armature and excitation units.

[0593] [Example where the armature core is arranged on the opposite side with the excitation unit interposed therebetween]

[0594] Figure 53 FIG is a diagram schematically showing such an electric machine M23, and shows the situation when facing the electric machine M23 in the direction of mechanical operation. Figure 1A The following description will focus on the differences of the rotating electrical machine M1. Figure 53 The electrical machinery M23 shown here does not specify the items that can be applied Figure 1A For example. Figure 53 In the figure, the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are located on opposite sides of each other with the excitation part Fs interposed therebetween. That is, the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are separated from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of relative movement of the excitation part Fs and the armature part Am23 (i.e., the mechanical operation direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the paper in this figure), and the excitation part Fs is arranged between them. For example, the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are Figure 1A The rotating electrical machine M1 shown is also magnetically isolated. That is, substantially no magnetic flux flows between the armature cores H1 and H2 without passing through the field magnet portion Fs.

[0595] As with the rotating electrical machines described thus far, the magnetic poles 33a of the magnetic pole group of the first armature core H1 face the field core of the field magnet section Fs, while the magnetic poles 34a of the magnetic pole group of the second armature core H2 face the field core of the field magnet section Fs. The magnetic flux generated by the magnets of the field magnet section Fs flows from one of the two magnetic pole groups G1 to the other through the yoke portion 33c in the first armature core H1, and from one of the two magnetic pole groups G2 to the other through the yoke portion 34c in the second armature core H2. This arrangement of the armature cores H1 and H2 is applicable to any of radial-gap rotating electrical machines, axial-gap rotating electrical machines, and linear motors.

[0596] [Rotating electrical machine in which the armature cores are arranged on opposite sides of the excitation unit]

[0597] [Radial clearance type]

[0598] Figure 54A and Figure 54B It indicates that the rotating motor M24 has Figure 53 FIGURE 2 shows an example of a rotating electrical machine illustrating the arrangement of armature cores H1 and H2. In the armature unit Am24 of the rotating electrical machine M24, the first armature core H1 is annular, with a second, similarly annular, armature core H2 disposed inside it. A cylindrical field element Fs is disposed between the two armature cores H1 and H2. The field core of the field element Fs is preferably exposed both inside and outside the field element. This reduces the magnetic gap between the field element Fs and the armature cores H1 and H2.

[0599] The first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the direction of rotation, which are magnetically coupled via a yoke portion 33c. The magnetic pole groups G1 have a plurality of magnetic poles 33a, which are radially opposed to the excitation core of the excitation unit Fs. A coil CL is provided on each magnetic pole group G1. The second armature core H2 also has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G2 arranged in the direction of rotation, which are magnetically coupled via a yoke portion 34c. The magnetic pole groups G2 have a plurality of magnetic poles 34a, which are radially opposed to the excitation core of the excitation unit Fs. The two magnetic pole groups G1 and G2, which are opposed to each other across the excitation unit Fs, form a magnetic pole group pair P. A closed magnetic circuit is formed by the two magnetic pole group pairs P and the yoke portions 33c and 34c. In the illustrated example, each magnetic pole group G1 is composed of four magnetic poles 33a, and each magnetic pole group G2 is composed of five magnetic poles 34a. The number of magnetic poles 33a and 34a constituting each magnetic pole group G1 and G2 is not limited thereto.

[0600] In the rotating electrical machine M24, the number of poles of the excitation part Fs is, for example, 56 (P=28). The electrical angle between adjacent magnetic pole group pairs P is as shown in FIG. Figure 2In this description, it is generally expressed as 360 × (n + m / s), which is, for example, 1,680 degrees. Furthermore, the mechanical angle between adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is expressed as "(360 / p) × (n + m / s)," which is substantially identical to "360 / s / c." In the rotating electrical machine M24, this mechanical angle is, for example, 60 degrees (in the rotating electrical machine M24, s = 3, m = 2, n = 4, and c = 2).

[0601] In the rotating electrical machine M24, unlike the example shown in the figure, the annular first armature core H1 may be arranged inside the second armature core H2, and the cylindrical excitation portion Fs may be arranged between the two armature cores H1 and H2. Figure 34A The illustrated magnetic pole 54 a also forms a protrusion extending in the axial direction.

[0602] Figure 55 Yes Figure 54A and Figure 54B FIG. 1 shows a variation of the rotating electrical machine M24 shown in FIG. In the armature portion Am24a shown in the figure, an outer coil CL1 and an inner coil CL2 are provided on a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 possessed by the armature core H1. Specifically, an outer coil CL1 that surrounds all the magnetic poles 33a (4 magnetic poles 33a) constituting one magnetic pole group G1, and an inner coil CL2 that surrounds only a portion of the magnetic poles 33a are provided. In the example shown in the figure, the inner coil CL2 is located at the center of the outer coil CL1, and surrounds only a plurality of magnetic poles 33a (2 magnetic poles 33a) located in the middle of all the magnetic poles 33a constituting the magnetic pole group G1. According to this structure, the space between two adjacent magnetic poles 33a can be effectively utilized, and the number of magnetic poles 33a constituting each magnetic pole group G1 can be increased. In the armature portion Am24a, also in accordance with Figure 52 Similarly to the illustrated armature unit Am23, the width of the outer coil CL1 (the width in the radial direction of the rotating electric machine) and the width of the inner coil CL2 (the width in the radial direction of the rotating electric machine) may differ. Furthermore, the number of turns of the outer coil CL1 and the number of turns of the inner coil CL2 may differ. Furthermore, the number of coils provided in a single magnetic pole group is not limited to two; if the number of magnetic poles constituting the magnetic pole group is large, three or more coils may be provided.

[0603] [Rotating electrical machine in which the armature cores are arranged on opposite sides of the excitation unit]

[0604] [Axial clearance type]

[0605] Figures 56A to 56C Yes means having Figure 53 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing another example of a rotating electrical machine M25 in which the armature cores H1 and H2 are arranged. Figure 54AThe following description will focus on the differences of the rotating electrical machine M24. Figures 56A to 56C The rotating electrical machine M25 shown is not illustrated in terms of matters (e.g., flux flow) that may be applied. Figure 54A Example or Figure 1A Example.

[0606] In the armature unit Am25 of the rotating electrical machine M25, both the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are disc-shaped and face each other in the axial direction. A disc-shaped excitation unit Fs is disposed between the two armature cores H1 and H2. In other words, the rotating electrical machine M25 is a so-called axial gap type rotating electrical machine. The excitation core of the excitation unit Fs is preferably exposed on both its upper and lower sides. This reduces the magnetic gap between the excitation unit Fs and the armature cores H1 and H2.

[0607] The first armature core H1 has a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 arranged in the rotation direction. The magnetic pole group G1 has a magnetic pole 73a protruding in the axial direction toward the second armature core H2. The first armature core H1 may have a disc-shaped yoke portion 73c. ​​A base 73m may be formed on the upper surface of the yoke portion 73c (the surface facing the second armature core H2). A plurality of magnetic poles 73a (six magnetic poles in the example shown) arranged in the rotation direction may be formed on the upper side of the base 73m. Coils CL are wound around the plurality of magnetic poles 73a. The first armature core H1 is, for example, a powder core formed of a soft magnetic powder material. Its material is not limited to the powder material, and it may also be formed of an electromagnetic steel sheet as described below.

[0608] In the first armature core H1, a plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 are magnetically coupled via the yoke portion 73c. Figure 56C As shown, the radial width W1 of the yoke portion 73c is greater than the width of the magnetic pole 73a. Therefore, the yoke portion 73c includes a portion 73n located inwardly of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G1 and a portion 73p located outwardly of the plurality of magnetic pole groups G1. These portions 73n and 73p also function as part of the magnetic circuit. This contributes to a reduction in the thickness of the first armature core H1.

[0609] like Figure 56CAs shown, the surface of the second armature core H2 facing the magnetic field portion Fs (the lower surface in the figure) is formed with a plurality of recesses 74d arranged in the rotational direction. The portion (convex portion) between two adjacent recesses 74d functions as a magnetic pole 74a. The width W2 (radial width) of each magnetic pole 74a is greater than the width of the magnetic field portion Fs. Furthermore, the yoke portion 74c of the armature core H2 may include a portion 74k located inward of the magnetic pole 74a and a portion 74f located outward of the magnetic pole 74a. These portions 74k and 74f also function as part of the magnetic circuit. This contributes to a thinner second armature core H2. Furthermore, by forming the magnetic pole 74a using the recesses 74d, the strength of the magnetic pole 74a can be increased. This second armature core H2 is, for example, a powder core formed from a soft magnetic powder material.

[0610] In the second armature core H2, each magnetic pole group G2 is composed of multiple magnetic poles 74a (for example, seven magnetic poles 74a). The magnetic pole 74a at the end of each magnetic pole group G2 (the first magnetic pole 74a) can be integrated with the magnetic pole 74a at the end of the adjacent magnetic pole group G2 (the seventh magnetic pole 74a). This increases the width of the magnetic path in the end magnetic poles 74a.

[0611] The first armature core H1 is magnetically separated from the second armature core H2. Figure 56C As shown, a gap is formed between the outer periphery 73p of the first armature core H1 and the outer periphery 74f of the second motor core H2. Similarly, a gap is formed between the inner periphery 73n of the first armature core H1 and the inner periphery 74k of the second motor core H2. Therefore, substantially no magnetic flux flows between the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 without passing through the excitation portion Fs. The two magnetic pole groups G1 and G2, which face each other across the excitation portion Fs, form a magnetic pole group pair P. Similar to the rotating electrical machine M1 described with reference to FIG1 and other figures, a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the two magnetic pole group pairs P and the yoke portions 73c and 74c.

[0612] In the rotating electrical machine M25, the number of poles of the excitation part Fs is, for example, 76 (P=38). The electrical angle between adjacent magnetic pole group pairs P is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 In the explanation, it is generally expressed as 360 × (n + m / s). In the rotating electrical machine M25, for example, it is 2,280 degrees (in this rotating electrical machine M25, s = 3, m = 1, and n = 6). Furthermore, the mechanical angle between adjacent magnetic pole pairs P is expressed as "(360 / p) × (n + m / s)", which is substantially identical to "360 / s / c". In the rotating electrical machine M25, this mechanical angle is, for example, 60 degrees (in this rotating electrical machine M25, c = 2).

[0613] exist Figures 56A to 56CIn the rotating electrical machine M25 described above, coils CL are wound around the magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1, but no coils are wound around the magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2. Alternatively, coils may be provided on both the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2. Furthermore, in the rotating electrical machine M25, one coil CL is provided on each magnetic pole group G1, but a plurality of coils may be provided on the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2. Figure 55 Similarly, each magnetic pole group G1, G2 is provided with an outer coil CL1 wound around a plurality of magnetic poles constituting each magnetic pole group G1, G2, and an inner coil CL2 arranged on the inner side of the outer coil CL1 and surrounding only a part of the magnetic poles.

[0614] Figure 57A and Figure 57B The rotating electrical machine M26 shown is an example of a rotating electrical machine having such a structure. Figures 56A to 56C The following description will focus on the differences between the rotating electrical machine M25 shown. Figure 57A and Figure 57B The rotating electrical machine M26 shown here may be applied to matters not described. Figures 56A to 56C Example.

[0615] like Figure 57A and Figure 57B As shown, an outer coil CL1 and an inner coil CL2 can be provided on each magnetic pole group G1 of the first armature core H1. For example, the outer coil CL1 surrounding all the magnetic poles 73a constituting the U-phase magnetic pole group G1 and the inner coil CL2 surrounding only a portion of the magnetic poles 73a are provided on the U-phase magnetic pole group G1. This is also true for the V-phase magnetic pole group G1 and the W-phase magnetic pole group G1. In the example shown in the figure, the inner coil CL2 is arranged concentrically with the outer coil CL1, surrounding only a plurality of magnetic poles 73a (four magnetic poles 73a) located in the middle of all the magnetic poles 73a constituting the magnetic pole group G1u. According to this structure, the space between two adjacent magnetic poles 73a can be effectively utilized. In addition, the axial height of the coil CL can be reduced, and the armature core H1 can be made thinner.

[0616] like Figure 57BAs shown, the second armature core H2 is provided with multiple magnetic pole groups G2, each consisting of multiple magnetic poles 74a protruding axially toward the first armature core H1. An outer coil CL3 and an inner coil CL4 can be provided on each magnetic pole group G2. Specifically, each magnetic pole group G2 can be provided with an outer coil CL3 that surrounds the multiple magnetic poles 74a (for example, five magnetic poles 74a) that constitute the magnetic pole group G2, and an inner coil CL4 that is located inside the outer coil CL3 and surrounds only a portion of the magnetic poles 74a (three magnetic poles 74a). This allows for efficient utilization of the space between the magnetic poles 74a. In the illustrated example, the inner coil CL4 is arranged concentrically with the outer coil CL3. The direction of the magnetic flux generated by the coils CL3 and CL4 in the magnetic pole group G2, as viewed toward the excitation portion Fs, is opposite to the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the coils CL1 and CL2 in the magnetic pole group G1, as viewed toward the excitation portion Fs. The coils CL1 and CL2 of the first armature core H1 and the coils CL3 and CL4 of the second armature core H2 can be connected in series. In the second armature core H2 of the rotary electric machine M26, similar to the rotary electric machine M25, the magnetic poles 74a at the ends of each magnetic pole group G2 can be integrated with the magnetic poles 74a at the ends of the adjacent magnetic pole group G2. In this case, the magnetic poles 74a at the ends can be located outside the outer coils CL3.

[0617] The structure of the rotating electrical machine M26 including coils CL1-CL4 allows for a reduction in the axial height of each coil CL1-CL4, thereby achieving a thinner rotating electrical machine M26. In the rotating electrical machine M26, the number of coils provided on each magnetic pole group G1, G2 is not limited to two and may be three or more. Furthermore, two coils CL1, CL2 may be provided only on the first armature core H1 for each magnetic pole group G1, while no coils or only one coil may be provided on the magnetic pole group G2 of the second armature core H2.

[0618] [Axial gap type with an armature core formed of steel plates]

[0619] Figures 56A to 56C The armature cores H1, H2, and Figure 57A and Figure 57B The armature cores H1 and H2 are shown as being formed of a pressed powder material. However, one or both of these armature cores H1 and H2 may be formed of electromagnetic steel sheets.

[0620] Figure 58A and Figure 58B The rotating electrical machine M27 shown is an example of a rotating electrical machine having such a structure. In a structure in which the armature core is formed of electromagnetic steel sheets, there is a problem of generation of induced current. Figures 59A to 59J This is a diagram for explaining the structure for suppressing the generation of such induced current. Figures 56A to 56CThe following description will focus on the differences of the rotating electrical machine M25. Figure 58A and Figure 58B The rotating motor M27 shown here may be applied to the following matters: Figures 56A to 56C Example.

[0621] like Figure 58A As shown, in the rotating electrical machine M27, the first armature core H1 and the second armature core H2 are arranged so as to face each other in the axial direction, with an excitation portion Fs disposed therebetween. The first armature core H1 includes a yoke core portion 73D and a plurality of magnetic poles 73g arranged in the direction of rotation. The yoke core portion 73D is formed from a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates stacked in the axial direction. Each magnetic pole 73g is formed from a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates stacked in the radial direction. In other words, the steel plates of the yoke core portion 73D and the steel plates of the magnetic poles 73g are orthogonal. The yoke core portion 73D (electromagnetic steel plates) is formed with a plurality of fitting holes 73e arranged in the direction of rotation. The magnetic poles 73g are respectively embedded in the plurality of fitting holes 73e and magnetically coupled to the yoke core portion 73D.

[0622] like Figure 58B As shown, the second armature core H2, like the first armature core H1, includes a yoke core portion 74D and a plurality of magnetic poles 74g arranged in the rotational direction. The yoke core portion 74D is formed from a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates stacked in the axial direction. Each magnetic pole 74g is formed from a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates stacked in the radial direction. In other words, the steel plates of the yoke core portion 74D and the steel plates of the magnetic poles 74g are orthogonal. The yoke core portion 74D is formed with a plurality of fitting holes 74e arranged in the rotational direction. The magnetic poles 74g are respectively embedded in the plurality of fitting holes 74e, thereby magnetically coupling with the yoke core portion 74D.

[0623] like Figure 59B As shown in (b) of the figure, magnetic fluxes 1 to 4 are formed that flow from the electromagnetic steel sheet of the magnetic pole 73g to the electromagnetic steel sheet of the yoke core 73D. Due to these magnetic fluxes 1 to 4, an induced current C1 surrounding the magnetic pole 73g is generated in the yoke core 73D as shown in (a) of the figure. In order to suppress the generation of this induced current C1 in the armature cores H1 and H2, the following can be done: Figure 59A As shown, a plurality of slits S1 are formed in the yoke core 73D to connect two adjacent fitting holes 73e. The slits S1 block the induction current C1. The plurality of slits S1 may be annular as a whole.

[0624] The slit S1 is not necessarily limited to the slit S1 as long as it blocks the induced current C1. Figure 59A For example, the slit S2 may also be as shown. Figure 59CAs shown, the slit S3 extends radially from each of the plurality of fitting holes 73e into which the magnetic pole 73g is fitted and reaches the outer edge of the yoke core 73D. In another example, the slit S3 may be formed as shown in FIG. Figure 59D As shown, each of the plurality of fitting holes 73e into which the magnetic pole 73g is fitted extends in the radial direction and reaches the inner edge of the yoke portion core 73D.

[0625] exist Figure 59E , the magnetic poles 73g of the magnetic pole group G1u constituting the U phase, the magnetic poles 73g of the magnetic pole group G1v constituting the V phase, and the magnetic poles 73g of the magnetic pole group G1w constituting the W phase are shown. If the magnetic flux generated by these three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w is added together, it is substantially zero. Therefore, even if a closed circuit surrounding these three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w is formed in the yoke core 73D, no induced current will be substantially generated in the closed circuit. Therefore, as Figure 59E As shown, the plurality of slits S4 may not necessarily be formed throughout the entire circumference of the yoke core 73D. The plurality of slits S4 may also connect the fitting holes 73e of the magnetic poles 73g of the three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w. Moreover, between the three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w and the other three magnetic pole groups G1u, G1v, and G1w ( Figure 59E Slits S4 may not be formed (in the figure, between magnetic pole group G1u and magnetic pole group G1w). With this structure, the inner periphery of yoke core portion 73D (inside slits S4) and the outer periphery of yoke core portion 73D (outside slits S4) are connected via connecting portion 73q between slits S4, making it easier to assemble yoke core portion 73D.

[0626] In addition, even if the yoke portion core 73D is formed Figure 59A In the case of the slit S1 shown in the example, it is also possible to Figure 59F As shown, a closed circuit generating an induced current C2 is formed in the inner periphery of the yoke core 73D, and a closed circuit generating an induced current C3 is formed in the outer periphery of the yoke core 73D. Figure 59G As shown in FIG. 1 , a gap F may be formed between the side surface of the magnetic pole 73g and the inner surface of the fitting hole 73e of the yoke core 73D. Figure 59G As shown in (a), the gap F can be formed from the electromagnetic steel sheet located at the uppermost portion of the yoke core 73D to the electromagnetic steel sheet located at the lowermost portion. Figure 59B As shown in (b), the uppermost electromagnetic steel sheet interlinks with more magnetic fluxes (e.g., 1 to 4), while the lowermost electromagnetic steel sheet interlinks with only a relatively small amount of magnetic flux (e.g., flux 4). Figure 59GAs shown in (b), although the gap F is formed between the inner surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet near the uppermost portion and the magnetic pole 73g, it is not necessary to form the gap F between the inner surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet at the lowermost portion (or the inner surface of the electromagnetic steel sheet near the lowermost portion) and the magnetic pole 73g. As another example, Figure 59G As shown in (c), the gap F may gradually decrease from the uppermost electromagnetic steel sheet toward the lowermost one. Specifically, the inner surfaces of the fitting holes 73e of the multiple electromagnetic steel sheets may be tapered. The gap F between the side surface of the magnetic pole 73g and the inner surface of the fitting hole 73e of the yoke core 73D only needs to be electrically insulated and is preferably as narrow as possible to avoid obstructing the flow of magnetic flux.

[0627] In addition, this gap F can be as Figure 59H As shown, it is formed on the right and left sides of the magnetic pole 73g (i.e., two surfaces located on opposite sides in the rotation direction), or it can be formed only on one side of the right and left sides of the magnetic pole 73g. In another example, as shown in FIG. Figure 59I As shown, the gap F may be formed on the right side of the magnetic pole 73g in a portion in the radial direction, and the gap F may be formed on the left side of the magnetic pole 73g in the remaining portion in the radial direction.

[0628] In the magnetic pole 73g, the electromagnetic steel sheets are stacked in the radial direction of the rotary electric machine M27. This can suppress the induced current generated in the electromagnetic steel sheets. Figure 59J In the example of the rotating motor M27, the electromagnetic steel sheets of the magnetic poles are stacked in the direction of rotation. In this structure, Figure 59J As shown in (b), the induced current C4 is easily generated in the electromagnetic steel sheet located on the right or left side (the electromagnetic steel sheet located at the end in the rotation direction). In contrast, in the rotating electrical machine M27, the electromagnetic steel sheets of the magnetic pole 73g are stacked in the radial direction, so the induction current C4 can be suppressed. Figure 59J (b) shows the generation of the induced current C4.

[0629] exist Figure 58A and Figure 58B The first armature core H1 shown in the figure has only one coil CL provided on the magnetic pole group G1. Figure 57A and Figure 57B Similarly, in the rotating electrical machine shown, a plurality of coils CL are provided on each magnetic pole group G1. Figure 60 The first armature core H1 shown is an example of an armature core having such a structure. Figure 58A and Figure 58B The following describes the differences between the rotating electrical machine M27. Figure 60 The first armature core H1 shown in FIG. 1 is not illustrated. Figure 58A and Figure 58BThe structure of the armature core H1 of the rotating electrical machine M27 is described.

[0630] Figure 60 In the embodiment, an outer coil CL1 and an inner coil CL2 are provided on each of the multiple magnetic pole groups G1 possessed by the first armature core H1. For example, an outer coil CL1 that surrounds all the magnetic poles 73g constituting the magnetic pole group G1u, and an inner coil CL2 that surrounds only a part of the magnetic poles 73g are provided on the magnetic pole group G1u of the U phase. The same is true for the magnetic pole group G1v of the V phase and the magnetic pole group G1w of the W phase. In the example shown in the figure, the inner coil CL2 is arranged concentrically with the outer coil CL1, and surrounds only a plurality of magnetic poles 73g (4 magnetic poles 73g) located in the middle of all the magnetic poles 73g constituting the magnetic pole group G1u. According to this structure, the space between two adjacent magnetic poles 73g can be effectively utilized, and the axial height of the coil CL can be reduced, so that the first armature core H1 can be made thinner. In addition, Figure 60 The illustrated configuration of the first armature core H1 can also be applied to the second armature core H2.

[0631] exist Figure 58A and Figure 58B In the magnetic pole 73g of the rotating electrical machine M27 sh...

Claims

1. An electrical machine having: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one of the armature cores; and at least one excitation part, which is relatively movable relative to the armature part and includes a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two adjacent excitation cores in the direction of relative movement, i.e., the direction of mechanical action; in, The plurality of armature cores are separated from each other in a direction intersecting with the mechanical operation direction. Each of the plurality of armature cores has a plurality of magnetic pole groups, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups has at least one magnetic pole. In two armature cores included in the plurality of armature cores, the magnetic pole group included in one armature core and the magnetic pole group included in the other armature core constitute a magnetic pole group pair forming a magnetic circuit via the at least one excitation unit. The two armature cores are magnetically separated. The closed magnetic circuit comprises at least two of the magnetic pole pairs. The magnetic flux formed by the magnet included in the magnetic circuit flows through at least one coil and in the at least two magnetic pole group pairs. wherein, in each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the at least one magnetic pole comprises a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in the mechanical action direction, The number of phases of the electrical machine is an odd number greater than 3. The armature part has one coil or two or more coils having the same winding direction for each phase. The plurality of armature cores include a first armature core and a second armature core. The first armature core has a first magnetic pole group and a second magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The second armature core has a third magnetic pole group and a fourth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group constitute a first magnetic pole group pair, The second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group constitute a second magnetic pole group pair, The coil is disposed on each of the first magnetic pole group pair and the second magnetic pole group pair. When the angle between two adjacent excitation cores with the same polarity is set to 360 degrees in electrical angle, the first magnetic pole group pair and the second magnetic pole group pair are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s)" degrees. Here, s, m, and n represent the following numbers respectively, s: number of phases m: an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to s-1, wherein the integer is not a divisor of s excluding 1 or a multiple of a divisor of s excluding 1. n: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

2. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The excitation unit and the armature unit are relatively rotatable. When (the number of poles of the excitation part) / 2 is set to p and the number of coils of each phase is set to c, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is essentially equal to "360 / s / c".

3. An electrical machine having: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one of the armature cores; and at least one excitation part, which is relatively movable relative to the armature part and includes a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two adjacent excitation cores in the direction of relative movement, i.e., the direction of mechanical action; in, The plurality of armature cores are separated from each other in a direction intersecting with the mechanical operation direction. Each of the plurality of armature cores has a plurality of magnetic pole groups, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups has at least one magnetic pole. In two armature cores included in the plurality of armature cores, the magnetic pole group included in one armature core and the magnetic pole group included in the other armature core constitute a magnetic pole group pair forming a magnetic circuit via the at least one excitation unit. The two armature cores are magnetically separated. The closed magnetic circuit comprises at least two of the magnetic pole pairs. The magnetic flux formed by the magnet included in the magnetic circuit flows through at least one coil and in the at least two magnetic pole group pairs. wherein, in each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the at least one magnetic pole comprises a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in the mechanical action direction, The number of phases of the electrical machine is an odd number greater than 3. The armature unit has a coil pair consisting of two coils having different winding directions for each phase. The plurality of armature cores include a first armature core and a second armature core. The first armature core has a first magnetic pole group, a second magnetic pole group, and a fifth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The second armature core further includes a third magnetic pole group, a fourth magnetic pole group and a sixth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group constitute a first magnetic pole group pair, The second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group constitute a second magnetic pole group pair, The fifth magnetic pole group and the sixth magnetic pole group constitute a third magnetic pole group pair, The winding direction of the coil of the first magnetic pole pair is the same as the winding direction of the coil of the second magnetic pole pair, and the coil of the first magnetic pole pair and the coil of the third magnetic pole pair constitute the coil pair. When the angle between two adjacent excitation cores with the same polarity is set to 360 degrees in electrical angle, (i) the first magnetic pole pair and the second magnetic pole pair are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s)" degrees, and (ii) the first magnetic pole pair and the third magnetic pole pair are substantially separated by an electrical angle of "360×(n+m / s)" degrees. "360×(q+1 / 2)" degrees of electrical angle separation, Here, s, m, n, and q represent the following numbers respectively, s: number of phases m: an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to s-1, wherein the integer is not a divisor of s excluding 1 or a multiple of a divisor of s excluding 1. n: integer greater than 1 q: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

4. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The excitation unit and the armature unit are relatively rotatable. When (the number of poles of the excitation part) / 2 is set to p and the number of coil pairs of each phase is set to c, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s)" is essentially equal to "360 / s / c".

5. An electrical machine having: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one of the armature cores; and at least one excitation part, which is relatively movable relative to the armature part and includes a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two adjacent excitation cores in the direction of relative movement, i.e., the direction of mechanical action; in, The plurality of armature cores are separated from each other in a direction intersecting with the mechanical operation direction. Each of the plurality of armature cores has a plurality of magnetic pole groups, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups has at least one magnetic pole. In two armature cores included in the plurality of armature cores, the magnetic pole group included in one armature core and the magnetic pole group included in the other armature core constitute a magnetic pole group pair forming a magnetic circuit via the at least one excitation unit. The two armature cores are magnetically separated. The closed magnetic circuit comprises at least two of the magnetic pole pairs. The magnetic flux formed by the magnet included in the magnetic circuit flows through at least one coil and in the at least two magnetic pole group pairs. wherein, in each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the at least one magnetic pole comprises a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in the mechanical action direction, The number of phases of the electrical machine is an even number greater than 2. The armature unit has a coil pair consisting of two coils having different winding directions for each phase. The plurality of armature cores include a first armature core and a second armature core. The first armature core has a first magnetic pole group, a second magnetic pole group, and a fifth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The second armature core has a third magnetic pole group, a fourth magnetic pole group, and a sixth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group constitute a first magnetic pole group pair, The second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group constitute a second magnetic pole group pair, The fifth magnetic pole group and the sixth magnetic pole group constitute a third magnetic pole group pair, The winding direction of the coil of the first magnetic pole pair is the same as the winding direction of the coil of the second magnetic pole pair, and the coil of the first magnetic pole pair and the coil of the third magnetic pole pair constitute the coil pair. When the angle between two adjacent excitation cores with the same polarity is set to 360 degrees in electrical angle, (i) the first magnetic pole pair and the second magnetic pole pair are substantially "360×(n+ m / s / 2)” degrees in electrical angle, (ii) the first magnetic pole pair and the third magnetic pole pair are relatively substantially separated by an electrical angle of “360×(q+1 / 2)” degrees, Here, s, m, n, and q represent the following numbers respectively, s: number of phases n: integer greater than 1 m: an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to s-1, wherein the integer is not a divisor of s excluding 1 or a multiple of a divisor of s excluding 1. q: an integer greater than or equal to 1.

6. An electrical machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The excitation unit and the armature unit are relatively rotatable. When (the number of poles of the excitation part) / 2 is set to p and the number of coil pairs of each phase is set to c, "(360 / p)×(n+m / s / 2)" is essentially equal to "180 / s / c".

7. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3 and 5, wherein: The plurality of armature cores include a first armature core and a second armature core. The first armature core has a first magnetic pole group and a second magnetic pole group separated and magnetically coupled in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The second armature core has a third magnetic pole group and a fourth magnetic pole group separated and magnetically coupled in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group form a first magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair, The second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group form a second magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair, The closed magnetic loop includes the first magnetic pole group pair and the second magnetic pole group pair.

8. An electrical machine having: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one of the armature cores; and at least one excitation part, which is relatively movable relative to the armature part and includes a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two adjacent excitation cores in the direction of relative movement, i.e., the direction of mechanical action; in, The plurality of armature cores are separated from each other in a direction intersecting with the mechanical operation direction. Each of the plurality of armature cores has a plurality of magnetic pole groups, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups has at least one magnetic pole. In two armature cores included in the plurality of armature cores, the magnetic pole group included in one armature core and the magnetic pole group included in the other armature core constitute a magnetic pole group pair forming a magnetic circuit via the at least one excitation unit. The two armature cores are magnetically separated. The closed magnetic circuit comprises at least two of the magnetic pole pairs. The magnetic flux formed by the magnet included in the magnetic circuit flows through at least one coil and in the at least two magnetic pole group pairs. in, The plurality of armature cores include a first armature core, a second armature core and a third armature core. The first armature core has a first magnetic pole group and a second magnetic pole group separated and magnetically coupled in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The second armature core has a third magnetic pole group and a fourth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction, and a fifth magnetic pole group and a sixth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, and the third magnetic pole group and the fifth magnetic pole group are arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical action direction and are magnetically coupled, and the fourth magnetic pole group and the sixth magnetic pole group are arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical action direction and are magnetically coupled, The third armature core has a seventh magnetic pole group and an eighth magnetic pole group separated in the mechanical action direction as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The at least one excitation unit includes a first excitation unit and a second excitation unit separated in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction, The first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group constitute a first magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the first excitation part. The second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group constitute a second magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the first excitation part. The fifth magnetic pole group and the seventh magnetic pole group constitute a third magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the second excitation part. The sixth magnetic pole group and the eighth magnetic pole group constitute a fourth magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the second excitation part. The closed magnetic circuit includes at least the first to fourth magnetic pole group pairs.

9. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5 and 8, wherein: At least one of the plurality of armature cores includes two magnetic pole groups arranged along the mechanical action direction and a yoke portion provided between the two magnetic pole groups. The at least one coil is wound around the yoke portion.

10. An electrical machine having: an armature portion having a plurality of armature cores and a plurality of coils mounted on at least one of the armature cores; and at least one excitation part, which is relatively movable relative to the armature part and includes a plurality of magnets and a plurality of excitation cores, wherein the magnets are arranged between two adjacent excitation cores in the direction of relative movement, i.e., the direction of mechanical action; in, The plurality of armature cores are separated from each other in a direction intersecting with the mechanical operation direction. Each of the plurality of armature cores has a plurality of magnetic pole groups, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups has at least one magnetic pole. In two armature cores included in the plurality of armature cores, the magnetic pole group included in one armature core and the magnetic pole group included in the other armature core constitute a magnetic pole group pair forming a magnetic circuit via the at least one excitation unit. The two armature cores are magnetically separated. The closed magnetic circuit comprises at least two of the magnetic pole pairs. The magnetic flux formed by the magnet included in the magnetic circuit flows through at least one coil and in the at least two magnetic pole group pairs. in, The plurality of armature cores include a first armature core and a second armature core separated in a direction intersecting with the mechanical operation direction. The first armature core includes a first magnetic pole group and a second magnetic pole group arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction and magnetically coupled as the plurality of magnetic pole groups. The second armature core has, as the plurality of magnetic pole groups, a third magnetic pole group and a fourth magnetic pole group arranged in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction and magnetically coupled. The at least one excitation unit includes a first excitation unit and a second excitation unit separated in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction, The first magnetic pole group and the third magnetic pole group constitute a first magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the first excitation part. The second magnetic pole group and the fourth magnetic pole group or a magnetic pole group different from the fourth magnetic pole group constitute a second magnetic pole group pair as the magnetic pole group pair that forms the magnetic circuit together with the excitation core and the magnet of the second excitation part. The closed magnetic loop includes the first magnetic pole group pair and the second magnetic pole group pair.

11. The electrical machine according to claim 8 or 10, wherein: In each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups, the at least one magnetic pole includes a plurality of magnetic poles arranged in the mechanical action direction.

12. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: At least one of the plurality of armature cores includes a laminated steel plate including a plurality of steel plates laminated in a direction intersecting the machine operation direction.

13. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: At least one magnetic pole of each of the plurality of magnetic pole groups is shaped to protrude toward the magnetic excitation unit.

14. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: At least one of the plurality of armature cores has a main body in the at least one magnetic pole that is shaped to protrude toward the magnetic field portion, and a protrusion that extends from the main body in a direction intersecting the mechanical operation direction.

15. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: At least one armature core among the plurality of armature cores is composed of a plurality of armature core parts that are independently formed and coupled to each other.

16. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: At least one of the plurality of armature cores includes a yoke core portion including steel plates stacked in a direction opposing the excitation portion, and the magnetic pole includes steel plates stacked in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction of the steel plates included in the yoke core portion.

17. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: The at least one coil is wound around at least one of the two magnetic pole groups constituting each of the at least two magnetic pole group pairs forming the closed magnetic circuit.

18. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: The magnetic pole group includes a plurality of magnetic poles as the at least one magnetic pole, The at least one coil includes a first coil surrounding the plurality of magnetic poles, and a second coil disposed inside the first coil and surrounding a portion of the plurality of magnetic poles.

19. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: Each of the plurality of magnets is magnetized in the direction of the mechanical action, Each of the plurality of excitation cores includes two partial excitation cores disposed between two adjacent magnets. The two partially excited cores are separated in the mechanical action direction.

20. The electrical machine according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10, wherein: Each of the two partial excitation cores includes a laminated steel plate composed of a plurality of steel plates laminated in the machine action direction.

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