Shock absorber with two-way locking device

Abstract

The application provides a shock absorber with a bidirectional locking device, which locks two directions when the shock absorber does not need to be stretched, so that the shock absorber temporarily loses the damping effect, and the needs of special vehicles are ensured. It comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, an end cover, a first fixed sleeve, a second fixed sleeve, a shaft, a piston and a guide sleeve. The inner cavity of the outer cylinder is provided with the inner cylinder, and a pressure accumulation cavity is formed between the outer circumference of the inner cylinder and the inner ring wall of the outer cylinder. The length direction one end of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder body is fixed with the end cover, and the length direction other end of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder body is fixed with the guide sleeve. The inner end of the shaft penetrates through the center hole of the guide sleeve and is connected with the piston, the piston divides the cavity of the inner cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber is arranged close to the guide sleeve, and the lower chamber is arranged close to the end cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil pressure buffer structures, in particular to a shock absorber with a two-way locking device. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of a double-acting cylinder shock absorber is as follows: During the compression stroke, the shock absorber is compressed. At this time, the piston in the shock absorber moves downward, the volume of the chamber below the piston decreases, the oil pressure increases, and the oil flows through the flow valve to the chamber above the piston. The upper chamber is partially occupied by the shaft, and the increased volume of the upper chamber is less than the decreased volume of the lower chamber. Therefore, some of the oil pushes open the compression valve and flows back to the oil storage cylinder.

[0003] During the shock absorber's extension stroke, the wheel moves away from the vehicle body, stretching the shock absorber. This causes the shock absorber's piston to move upward, increasing the oil pressure in the piston's upper chamber. The flow valve closes, allowing the oil in the upper chamber to push open the extension valve and flow into the lower chamber. The combined cross-sectional area of ​​the extension valve and its corresponding normally open slit is smaller than the combined cross-sectional area of ​​the compression valve and its corresponding normally open slit.

[0004] With the development of modern industry, shock absorbers are being used in a wide range of applications, including on some specialized vehicles. However, these vehicles often require different shock absorber performance in different operating areas. For example, when a tank is in motion, especially over uneven terrain, the shock absorbers compress and stretch with the road surface to provide cushioning and vibration reduction, requiring them to perform effectively. Furthermore, when the tank's turret is rotating and the gun barrel is aiming, the shock absorbers must have a two-way hydraulic locking function to provide rigid support and prevent the turret from bouncing up and down, which could affect aiming speed. Furthermore, without rigid support during firing, the accuracy of the projectiles can be compromised. Most shock absorbers currently available on the market lack a two-way locking function, making them ineffective for specialized vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a shock absorber with a two-way locking device, which locks two directions when the shock absorber does not need to be stretched, thereby temporarily causing the shock absorber to lose its shock-absorbing effect, thereby ensuring the needs of special vehicles.

[0006] A shock absorber with a two-way locking device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] outer cylinder;

[0008] inner cylinder;

[0009] end caps;

[0010] a first fixed sleeve;

[0011] a second fixed sleeve;

[0012] shaft;

[0013] piston;

[0014] and guide sleeves;

[0015] The inner cylinder is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, and a pressure storage chamber is formed between the outer periphery of the inner cylinder and the inner annular wall of the outer cylinder; the end cover is fixedly sleeved on one end of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder body in the longitudinal direction, and the guide sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder body in the longitudinal direction;

[0016] The inner end of the shaft passes through the central hole of the guide sleeve and is connected to the piston. The piston divides the cavity of the inner cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber is arranged close to the guide sleeve, and the lower chamber is arranged close to the end cover.

[0017] The outer end of the shaft protrudes outward from the guide sleeve and is fixedly connected to a first fixing sleeve;

[0018] The end cover is provided with a first flow channel connected to the lower chamber and a second flow channel connected to the pressure accumulator chamber. The first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected to the confluence chamber through corresponding confluence pipes. A lower hydraulic valve core is axially inserted into the confluence chamber, and a first return spring is integrated in the lower hydraulic valve core. The exposed end cover of the end cover is provided with a second fixed sleeve. A lower hydraulic locking pipe interface is provided on the outer periphery of the second fixed sleeve. The second fixed sleeve is provided with a hydraulic flow cavity corresponding to the movable end of the lower hydraulic valve core. The lower hydraulic locking pipe interface is connected to the hydraulic flow cavity. The valve core end of the lower hydraulic valve core blocks the confluence chamber from connecting to the confluence pipe of the first flow channel and the second flow channel under pressure.

[0019] The shaft rod is a hollow rod, and a bypass hole is provided at the position of the inner end near the piston. The inner cavity of the inner end of the shaft rod is provided with an upper hydraulic valve core, and the lower end of the upper hydraulic valve core is sleeved with a second return spring. The center sleeve of the piston is provided with a piston valve plate group. The piston valve plate group passes hydraulic oil in and out of the inner cavity of the shaft rod under a force state. The upper hydraulic valve core blocks the bypass hole when the upper end is under force. The outer periphery of the first fixed sleeve is provided with an upper hydraulic locking pipe interface, and the upper hydraulic locking pipe interface is connected to the hollow oil chamber at the upper end of the shaft rod.

[0020] It is further characterized by:

[0021] A bottom valve plate assembly is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the bottom valve plate assembly ensures that the pressure chamber opens when subjected to sufficient pressure;

[0022] The inner end of the piston is sleeved with the piston valve plate assembly, and the upper part of the shaft corresponding to the inner cavity of the piston is provided with a second bypass hole. After the piston valve plate assembly receives the pressure channel and opens, it enters the inner cavity of the shaft through the second bypass hole. When the upper hydraulic valve core is under force, the front end locks the inlet and outlet channel of the second bypass hole.

[0023] A dust cover is provided on the outer periphery of the first fixing sleeve, and the dust cover is used for dust prevention;

[0024] The first fixed sleeve and the second fixed sleeve are both provided with a joint bearing;

[0025] The lower part of the pressure accumulator is used to store hydraulic oil, and the upper part is used to store high-pressure nitrogen. The inner wall of the guide sleeve is provided with liquid and gas injection holes, which are connected to the pressure accumulator and are used for liquid and gas injection and overflow operations.

[0026] The valve core structures of the upper hydraulic valve core and the lower hydraulic valve core seal the step holes at corresponding positions through the conical surfaces, thereby achieving a complete sealing effect;

[0027] The piston valve plate group is specifically a double-valve plate type piston structure, with a double-layer tensile damping valve plate provided at the lower end and a double-layer compression damping valve plate provided at the upper end.

[0028] With the structure of the present invention, when the shock absorber is not needed to exert its damping effect and the shaft does not need to stretch or compress, the external hydraulic device injects hydraulic oil of a certain pressure through the upper and lower hydraulic locking interfaces. The hydraulic oil of a certain pressure pushes the hydraulic valve core, causing the hydraulic valve core to first seal the oil circuit of the side hole inside the shock absorber. When the hydraulic valve core continues to move forward, the valve core of the hydraulic valve core blocks the step hole in the oil circuit, achieving a complete seal. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the shock absorber cannot pass through the internal oil circuit. At this time, the hydraulic oil cannot flow, and the shock absorber loses its damping effect, providing a rigid support function. When the shock absorber is needed to exert its damping effect, the pressure of the hydraulic oil previously injected is released through the external device, and the return spring rebounds the hydraulic valve core to its initial point. The hydraulic oil inside the shock absorber can communicate through the oil circuit and circulate in the shock absorber, providing compression damping force or tension damping force to achieve the damping effect. When the shock absorber does not need to stretch or compress, the two directions are locked, thereby temporarily losing the damping effect of the shock absorber, ensuring the needs of special vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper locking action principle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the present invention when the lock is opened;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower locking action principle of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower locking action principle of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the present invention when the lower lock is opened Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the present invention when the lower lock is opened Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the piston valve plate assembly of the present invention;

[0037] The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0038] Outer cylinder 10, inner cylinder 20, upper chamber 21, lower chamber 22, end cover 30, first flow channel 31, second flow channel 32, confluence line 33, confluence chamber 34, first fixed sleeve 40, upper hydraulic locking pipe interface 41, second fixed sleeve 50, lower hydraulic locking pipe interface 51, hydraulic circulation chamber 52, shaft 60, bypass hole 61, upper hollow oil chamber 62, second bypass hole 63, piston 70, guide sleeve 80, liquid and air injection holes 81, pressure accumulation chamber 90, oil storage chamber 91, air storage chamber 92, lower hydraulic valve core 100, first return spring 101, valve core end 102, upper hydraulic valve core 110, second return spring 111, piston valve plate group 120, tension damping valve plate 121, compression damping valve plate 122, bottom valve valve plate group 130, dust cover 140, and joint bearing 150. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] A shock absorber with a two-way locking device, see Figures 1-4 , which includes an outer cylinder 10, an inner cylinder 20, an end cover 30, a first fixing sleeve 40, a second fixing sleeve 50, a shaft 60, a piston 70 and a guide sleeve 80;

[0040] An inner cylinder 20 is disposed within the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 10, and a pressure storage chamber 90 is formed between the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 20 and the inner annular wall of the outer cylinder 10; an end cover 30 is fixedly sheathed at the lower ends of the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 20 in the longitudinal direction, and a guide sleeve 80 is fixedly sheathed at the upper ends of the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 20 in the longitudinal direction;

[0041] The inner end of the shaft 60 passes through the center hole of the guide sleeve 80 and is connected to the piston 70. The piston 70 divides the cavity of the inner cylinder 20 into an upper chamber 21 and a lower chamber 22. The upper chamber 21 is arranged close to the guide sleeve 80, and the lower chamber 22 is arranged close to the end cover 30.

[0042] The outer end of the shaft 60 protrudes outward from the guide sleeve 80 and is fixedly connected to the first fixing sleeve 40;

[0043] A first flow channel 31 communicating with the lower chamber 22 and a second flow channel 32 communicating with the pressure accumulator chamber 90 are provided in the end cover 30. The first flow channel 31 and the second flow channel 32 are communicated to the confluence chamber 34 through corresponding confluence pipes 33. A lower hydraulic valve core 100 is axially inserted into the confluence chamber 34. The lower hydraulic valve core 100 is integrated with a first return spring 101. The exposed end cover of the end cover 30 is equipped with a second fixed sleeve 50. A lower hydraulic locking pipe interface 51 is provided on the outer periphery of the second fixed sleeve 50. The second fixed sleeve 50 is provided with a hydraulic flow chamber 52 corresponding to the movable end of the lower hydraulic valve core 100. The lower hydraulic locking pipe interface 51 is communicated with the hydraulic flow chamber 52. The valve core end 102 of the lower hydraulic valve core 100 blocks the confluence chamber 34 from communicating with the confluence pipe 33 of the first flow channel 31 and the second flow channel 32 under pressure.

[0044] The shaft rod 60 is a hollow rod, and a bypass hole 61 is provided at the inner end near the piston 70. The inner end cavity of the shaft rod 60 is provided with an upper hydraulic valve core 110, and the lower end of the upper hydraulic valve core 110 is sleeved with a second return spring 111. The center sleeve of the piston 70 is provided with a piston valve plate group 120. The piston valve plate group 120 enters and exits the inner cavity of the shaft rod 60 through hydraulic oil when under force. The upper hydraulic valve core 110 blocks the bypass hole 61 when the upper end is under force. The outer periphery of the first fixed sleeve 40 is provided with an upper hydraulic locking pipe interface 41, and the upper hydraulic locking pipe interface 41 is connected to the hollow oil chamber 62 at the upper end of the shaft rod 60.

[0045] In a specific implementation, a bottom valve disc assembly 130 is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder 20, and the bottom valve disc assembly 130 ensures that the pressure chamber is opened when subjected to sufficient pressure.

[0046] The inner end of the piston 70 is fitted with a piston valve plate assembly 120. A second bypass hole 63 is provided at the upper portion of the shaft 60 corresponding to the inner cavity of the piston 70. When the piston valve plate assembly 120 is pressurized and the passage is opened, hydraulic oil enters the inner cavity of the shaft 60 through the second bypass hole 63. When the upper hydraulic valve core 110 is under force, the front end blocks the inlet and outlet passage of the second bypass hole 63.

[0047] A dust cover 140 is provided on the outer periphery of the first fixing sleeve 40, and the dust cover 140 is used for dust prevention;

[0048] The first fixed sleeve 40 and the second fixed sleeve 50 are both provided with a spherical bearing 150;

[0049] The lower part of the pressure accumulator chamber 90 is used to store hydraulic oil as an oil storage chamber 91, and the upper part is used to store high-pressure nitrogen as an air storage chamber 92. Liquid and air injection holes 81 are provided on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 80. The liquid and air injection holes 81 are connected to the pressure accumulator chamber 90 and are used for liquid and air injection and overflow operations. The liquid and air injection holes 81 are provided with seals 82 at the outer peripheral position of the shaft rod 60 to ensure that the sealing connection between the shaft rod and the guide sleeve is reliable and stable.

[0050] During specific implementation, the valve core structures of the upper hydraulic valve core 100 and the lower hydraulic valve core 110 seal the step holes at corresponding positions through the conical surfaces, thereby achieving a complete sealing effect.

[0051] In specific implementation, the piston valve plate group 120 is specifically a double-valve plate type piston structure, with a double-layer tensile damping valve plate 121 provided at its lower end and a double-layer compression damping valve plate 122 provided at its upper end.

[0052] 71 in the figure is a wear-resistant pad;

[0053] 42 is a cushioning pad.

[0054] When the piston is stretched or compressed, the hydraulic oil will first open the relatively outer valve plate, flow through one group of hydraulic oil, and then open the other group of valve plates. The oil then enters the upper or lower part, the stretching damping valve plate 121 and the compression damping valve plate 122. Low-speed overflow valve plates with notches of different sizes can be set as needed. The double groups of valve plates in the stretching and compression directions make the damping adjustment range wider and the effect better. The compression damping valve plate 122 in the compression direction cooperates with the bottom valve plate group 130 to adjust the compression damping.

[0055] Its working principle is as follows: When the upper hydraulic valve core is closed, the hydraulic oil flow diagram is as follows: Figure 2 Hydraulic oil at a certain pressure is injected into channel A, pushing the upper hydraulic spool. This first closes channel B. However, some hydraulic oil still flows through the clearance between the spool and the inner wall of the shaft, reducing its pressure. This reduced pressure allows the remaining hydraulic oil to continue flowing, stopping at sealing point C. This is because this small amount of hydraulic oil is insufficient to open the upper hydraulic spool, which is being held down by the high-pressure hydraulic oil at point A. Similarly, during compression, hydraulic oil in channel D opens the compression valve plate and then passes through channel E, which is then closed by the hydraulic spool. This reduced pressure allows the remaining hydraulic oil to continue flowing, stopping at sealing point C.

[0056] After the upper hydraulic valve core is opened, the hydraulic oil flow diagram when the piston is stretched and compressed is shown in the figure. Figure 3: After the hydraulic oil pressure is released from channel A, the hydraulic valve core is rebounded to its initial position by the return spring, channel B is opened, sealing point C is opened, and the circuit at the piston inside the shock absorber is opened. During the stretching action, the hydraulic oil in the upper part of the piston flows through channel B to point C, then to point E, and then moves forward, opening the stretching force valve plate group, and then flows into the D cavity below the piston. During the compression action, the hydraulic oil in area D of the lower piston opens the compression force valve plate group through the piston channel, then flows to channel E, then to point C, and then moves forward through channel B and flows into the cavity above the piston.

[0057] The hydraulic oil flow diagram when the piston is compressed after the lower valve core is closed is shown in the figure. Figure 4 and Figure 5 : After a certain pressure of hydraulic oil is injected into the lower hydraulic locking pipe interface, the lower hydraulic valve core is pushed, and the lower hydraulic valve core first closes the D channel. When the piston is compressed, the hydraulic oil at point A is squeezed and flows into the B channel, opening the compression valve plate group (i.e., the bottom valve group), and then flows into the C channel and continues forward to the D channel. At this time, the D channel is blocked by the valve core, but some hydraulic oil will still pass through the matching gap between the valve core and the inner wall of the inner hole of the lower fixed sleeve. The pressure of this part of hydraulic oil will become smaller. At this time, the trace hydraulic oil with reduced pressure continues to move forward and reaches the conical sealing surface at the E sealing point and stops. This is because this part of the hydraulic oil with a trace pressure is not enough to open the lower hydraulic valve core pressed by the high-pressure hydraulic oil.

[0058] When the lower valve core is opened and the piston is compressed, the hydraulic oil flow diagram is shown in the figure. Figure 6 and Figure 7 After a certain amount of hydraulic oil is released from the lower hydraulic locking pipe interface, the return spring rebounds the hydraulic valve core back to its initial open position. When the piston is compressed, the hydraulic oil at point A is squeezed and flows into channel B, opening the compression valve plate group (i.e., the bottom valve group), then into channel C, and then into channel D, flowing through the oil circuit into the oil storage chamber between the inner and outer cylinders.

[0059] Its working principle is as follows: When the shock absorber is not needed to perform its damping effect and the shaft does not need to stretch or compress, an external hydraulic device injects hydraulic oil at a certain pressure through the upper and lower hydraulic locking interfaces. The hydraulic oil at a certain pressure pushes the hydraulic valve core, causing the hydraulic valve core to first seal the oil circuit of the shock absorber's internal side hole. When the hydraulic valve core continues to move forward, the hydraulic valve core blocks the oil circuit and acts as a complete seal. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the shock absorber cannot pass through the internal oil circuit. At this time, the hydraulic oil cannot flow, and the shock absorber loses its damping effect and provides rigid support. When the shock absorber is needed to perform its damping effect, the hydraulic oil pressure previously injected is released through the external device. The return spring rebounds the hydraulic valve core to its initial point. The hydraulic oil inside the shock absorber can communicate through the oil circuit and circulate within the shock absorber, providing compression damping force or extension damping force to achieve the damping effect. When the shock absorber does not need to stretch, it locks both directions, thereby temporarily losing the shock absorber's damping effect, ensuring the needs of special vehicles.

[0060] The benefits are as follows: the shock absorber features a bidirectional locking function, the shock absorber piston valve plate assembly has two valve plates, and the guide provides sealing and pressure relief, extending the shock absorber's service life. The double-valve piston allows for a wider damping range, and the bidirectional locking function provides rigid support for the vehicle according to actual conditions.

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0062] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A shock absorber with a two-way locking device, characterized in that: It includes: outer cylinder; inner cylinder; end caps; a first fixed sleeve; a second fixed sleeve; shaft; piston; and guide sleeves; The inner cylinder is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, and a pressure storage chamber is formed between the outer periphery of the inner cylinder and the inner annular wall of the outer cylinder; the end cover is fixedly sleeved on one end of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in the longitudinal direction, and the guide sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in the longitudinal direction; The inner end of the shaft passes through the central hole of the guide sleeve and is connected to the piston. The piston divides the cavity of the inner cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber is arranged close to the guide sleeve, and the lower chamber is arranged close to the end cover. The outer end of the shaft protrudes outward from the guide sleeve and is fixedly connected to a first fixing sleeve; The end cover is provided with a first flow channel connected to the lower chamber and a second flow channel connected to the pressure accumulator chamber. The first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected to the confluence chamber through corresponding confluence pipes. A lower hydraulic valve core is axially inserted into the confluence chamber, and a first return spring is integrated in the lower hydraulic valve core. The exposed end cover of the end cover is provided with a second fixed sleeve. A lower hydraulic locking pipe interface is provided on the outer periphery of the second fixed sleeve. The second fixed sleeve is provided with a hydraulic circulation chamber corresponding to the movable end of the lower hydraulic valve core. The lower hydraulic locking pipe interface is connected to the hydraulic circulation chamber. The valve core end of the lower hydraulic valve core blocks the confluence chamber from connecting to the confluence pipe of the first flow channel and the second flow channel under pressure. The shaft rod is a hollow rod, and a bypass hole is provided at the position of the inner end thereof near the piston. An upper hydraulic valve core is provided in the inner cavity of the inner end of the shaft rod, and a second return spring is sleeved on the lower end of the upper hydraulic valve core. A piston valve plate group is sleeved on the center of the piston, and the piston valve plate group allows hydraulic oil to enter and exit the inner cavity of the shaft rod under a force state. The upper hydraulic valve core blocks the bypass hole when the upper end is under a force state. An upper hydraulic locking pipe interface is provided on the outer periphery of the first fixed sleeve, and the upper hydraulic locking pipe interface is connected to the hollow oil chamber at the upper end of the shaft rod; A bottom valve plate assembly is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder; The inner end of the piston is sleeved with the piston valve plate assembly, and the upper part of the shaft corresponding to the inner cavity of the piston is provided with a second bypass hole. When the piston valve plate assembly is subjected to pressure and the passage is opened, hydraulic oil enters the inner cavity of the shaft through the second bypass hole. When the upper hydraulic valve core is under force, the front end thereof locks the inlet and outlet passage of the second bypass hole. The valve core structures of the upper hydraulic valve core and the lower hydraulic valve core seal the step holes at corresponding positions through the conical surfaces, thereby achieving a complete sealing effect; The piston valve plate group is specifically a double-valve plate type piston structure, with a double-layer tension damping valve plate provided at the lower end and a double-layer compression damping valve plate provided at the upper end; A dust cover is provided on the outer periphery of the first fixing sleeve; The first fixed sleeve and the second fixed sleeve are both provided with a joint bearing; The lower part of the pressure accumulator chamber is used to store hydraulic oil, and the upper part is used to store high-pressure nitrogen. Liquid and gas injection holes are provided on the inner wall of the guide sleeve. The liquid and gas injection holes are connected to the pressure accumulator chamber and are used for liquid and gas injection and overflow operations.

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