A precision component shock protection device

Abstract

This invention proposes a precision component shock protection device. The support bladder is flexible, capable of changing its shape according to external constraints, but lacks elasticity or has only minimal elasticity. This allows it to maintain a stable shape under external constraints and when filled with a volume-stable, flowable medium, thus providing both support and high positioning accuracy for the precision component. The device protects the component by installing the support bladder in the direction of impact on the component. Upon impact, the flowable medium is compressed and released to dissipate the impact energy, protecting the component from damage. Compared to existing support bladders and protective devices, this invention offers significant advantages: it provides excellent shock protection while accurately positioning the precision component. It is also reusable, recovers quickly, is easy to adjust, and maintains stable accuracy, making it particularly suitable for protecting optical precision components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of precision component protection devices, specifically relating to a precision component shock protection device. Background Technology

[0002] Some precision instruments operate in environments involving shock and vibration. Critical components of these instruments are often fragile and expensive, easily damaged or losing positioning accuracy in such environments. Therefore, cushioning protection is essential for certain heavy, precision core components. A common cushioning method uses flexible pads, placing the protected component on them. However, due to the elasticity of these pads, even slight impacts or vibrations can cause the protected component to wobble, compromising the high positional accuracy requirements of precision devices. Therefore, this method is primarily used for absolutely static processes like component measurement or transportation where strict positioning accuracy is not required, and is unsuitable for actual product use. Currently, finished precision instruments commonly use shear protection for cushioning. This involves fixing and installing the protected component using a relatively weak structure. When external vibration or impact exceeds a rated value, a pre-set device shears the installation structure to achieve protection. While this method ensures the positional accuracy of the protected component during normal installation, the damaged installation structure must be replaced to restore its functionality. This not only increases maintenance costs but also makes it difficult to quickly restore the instrument's performance. Furthermore, once existing devices of the same type are installed, it is extremely difficult to change the protection threshold, making it difficult for a precision device to adapt to different impact and vibration environments. Additionally, due to machining errors and the rigidity of structural components, stress concentration inevitably occurs in the protected components of traditional protection devices, affecting the accuracy of the protected components themselves.

[0003] When precision components are large, they are susceptible to damage or loss of positioning accuracy due to impacts and vibrations. As core components of equipment, these components are not only expensive and have long manufacturing cycles, but are also difficult to repair promptly after damage, thus requiring special protection. Precision equipment, such as optical instruments, has very high requirements for assembly precision. However, some precision instruments need to be used in harsh environments. For example, some automotive and airborne optical instruments are subjected to impacts and vibrations during use. Currently, most impact protection devices for precision components still rely on shear protection methods, which inevitably lead to high costs, difficulty in short-term repair, and reduced accuracy. Therefore, these problems limit the practical application of precision instruments in complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems of existing buffer protection devices, such as inability to maintain the positioning accuracy of the protected parts, high cost, long maintenance time and poor adaptability, this invention proposes a positioning buffer support bag and a precision component impact protection device with high and stable positioning accuracy, reusable without replacement of parts, convenient maintenance, easy adjustment of protection rating, and the ability to eliminate stress concentration and adapt to different postures.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0006] A positioning buffer support bladder, characterized in that the positioning buffer support bladder includes a bladder body, a pressure release device, and an inflation / deflation device;

[0007] The capsule has a sealable cavity and is flexible, allowing it to change its shape according to external constraints, but it has no elasticity or only a very small amount of elasticity. At the same time, the capsule also has a certain strength, so that it has an initial shape and can maintain its shape in a certain range of unconstrained state, so as to provide high-precision positioning for the protected part when subjected to normal vibration under local unconstrained conditions.

[0008] The sealable cavity of the bladder is filled with a flowable medium that is incompressible or has very little compressibility. This flowable medium, in combination with the inelastic or only slightly elastic bladder, allows the bladder to maintain its shape accuracy under normal load and vibration conditions, thereby providing high-precision positioning of the protected component that meets tolerance requirements. Since the positioning accuracy of the protected component has a tolerance range, the flowable medium and the support bladder are allowed to have a certain degree of compressibility and elasticity. However, the deformation of the support bladder caused by this compressibility and elasticity under normal operating conditions should not cause the protected component to exceed the tolerance range allowed for its own positioning.

[0009] The filling and discharging device and the pressure relief device are installed on the bladder and are connected to the sealable cavity of the bladder so as to inject a flowable medium into the sealable cavity and release the flowable medium when subjected to impact.

[0010] The pressure relief device includes a connecting pipe and a detachable, replaceable, or adjustable opening pressure relief valve installed on the connecting pipe. The relief valve opens when the pressure of the flowable medium exceeds a certain value, and closes when the pressure is less than the opening value. When the flowable medium flows through the relief valve, which requires a certain pressure to remain open, it will encounter resistance from the valve, thereby dissipating the energy generated by the impact on the protected component and thus playing a protective role. The valve closes to prevent excessive flow of the flowable medium from causing the protected component to bottom out and be damaged. The protective performance of the entire protective device can be adjusted by replacing the relief valve with a different opening pressure or by adjusting the opening pressure of the relief valve.

[0011] Furthermore, a buffer pad is installed inside the capsule to take over the energy absorption and cushioning function when the collision is too violent.

[0012] Furthermore, a damper is also installed on the pressure relief device. The damper is connected to the connecting pipe. The damper is removable and replaceable or its damping magnitude is adjustable. The damper can apply flow resistance to the overflowing flowable medium to more fully absorb the energy generated by the impact collision. At the same time, by replacing the damper with a different damping or adjusting the damping magnitude, the protection performance of the entire protection device can be adjusted to increase the applicability of the device.

[0013] Furthermore, a storage bladder is installed on the connecting pipe. The storage bladder is elastic and is used to collect the flowable medium flowing out of the vent valve to prevent contamination of other components. The elasticity allows the storage bladder to maintain a small volume when not in use, so as not to interfere with other components.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a precision component shock protection device, comprising a positioning buffer support bag as described in any of the above claims, and further comprising a mounting chamber and a pressure cover, wherein the mounting chamber is used to accommodate the protected component, and the pressure cover is mounted on the mounting chamber to define the position of the protected component, and the positioning buffer support bag is mounted on the impact direction of the protected component.

[0015] The positioning buffer support bag, together with the protected component, the mounting chamber, the pressure cover, and other positioning buffer support bags, mutually constrain each other to form a stable positioning constraint on the protected component. At the same time, the positioning buffer support bag also forms a stable shape under this constraint.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a telescopic baffle, which is telescopic only in one direction and rigid in the other directions. The telescopic baffle is installed at a position where the positioning buffer support bag is not constrained by other components, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic baffle is consistent with the impact movement direction of the protected component.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an adjustment and installation chamber, in which the protected component is installed and forms a positioning constraint relationship with the positioning buffer support bladder, so that complex shapes for installation and other functions that are difficult to machine on the adjusted and installation chamber can be processed as needed.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a main installation chamber for accommodating multiple protected components, such that the multiple protected components are positioned relative to each other through the main installation chamber.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] A positioning buffer support bladder and a precision component impact protection device are disclosed. The positioning buffer support bladder (hereinafter referred to as the support bladder) utilizes its own inelastic or slightly elastic properties, combined with the incompressible or slightly compressible nature of the internal flowable medium and the mutual constraints between components, to achieve high positioning accuracy for the protected component. This accuracy can be stably maintained during normal use. Due to the filling and discharging mechanism, after the protection function takes effect, the accuracy and protection function can be restored simply by refilling the flowable medium, avoiding the need to disassemble and replace the entire protection device. This achieves reusability of the device and reduces operating costs. The reusable design also greatly improves the convenience and operability of maintenance, significantly shortening the protection operation time. By utilizing the recovery time after the protective effect takes effect, and by replacing or adjusting the opening pressure of the relief valve with different opening pressures, as well as replacing or adjusting the damping of the damper with different damping, the critical value for the protective effect of the support bladder and the amount of energy absorbed can be controlled. This allows the support bladder and protective device to adapt to different impact environments, greatly improving their adaptability. Because the support bladder is flexible, it can adapt to machining errors on the mounting surface of the protected component, avoiding stress concentration and improving the precision of the protected component. This property is well-suited for use in precision instruments where the posture changes, ensuring good support for the protected component during posture changes and preventing large deformations due to changes in its own gravitational field. Therefore, this invention has advantages such as high positioning accuracy, reusability without replacement, convenient maintenance, high adaptability, and the absence of stress concentration problems, enabling it to adapt to different postures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional protection of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the support structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back side of the three-dimensional protection of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of the three-dimensional protection of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the single-sided protection of the rear end of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the radial protection of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front and rear protective surfaces of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the radial protection device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the radial protection of the component in this invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support bladder of the present invention.

[0032] Legend: 1: Installation chamber, 2: Pressure cap, 300: Pressure release device, 4: Filling and discharging device, 5: Precision component, 600: Support bladder, 7: Telescopic baffle, 8: Adjustment installation chamber, 9: Main installation chamber, 301: Storage bladder, 302: Discharge valve, 303: Connecting pipe, 304: Damper, 601: Bladder body, 602: Buffer pad.

[0033] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, what is described is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 11 and Figure 1-10 As shown in the support bladder, in order to clearly demonstrate the principle and working process of the present invention, this embodiment provides some typical implementation schemes, but these schemes cannot represent all the schemes of the present invention.

[0041] The support bladder 600 includes a bladder body 601, a pressure release device 300, and an inflation / deflation device 4. The bladder body 601 has a sealable cavity and is flexible, allowing it to change its shape according to external constraints. However, it has no elasticity or only a very small amount of elasticity. At the same time, the bladder body 601 also has a certain strength, enabling it to maintain an initial shape and retain its shape under pressure, such as normal vibration, in a certain range of unconstrained conditions. The very small amount of elasticity refers to the positional accuracy error of the protected component caused by the deformation of the bladder body 601 due to a certain range of unconstrained conditions within the normal working load, which is within its tolerance range.

[0042] The sealable cavity of the capsule 601 is filled with a flowable medium that is incompressible or has only very low compressibility, which corresponds to the very low elasticity of the capsule 601. Because the positioning accuracy of the protected part has a tolerance range, the flowable medium and the capsule 601 are allowed to have a certain degree of compressibility and elasticity. However, the deformation of the capsule 601 caused by the compressibility and elasticity under normal operating conditions should not cause the protected part to exceed the tolerance range allowed for its own positioning.

[0043] The pressure relief device 300 is installed on the bladder 601. Its specific installation location depends on the constraints of other components and should not interfere with them. The pressure relief device 300 includes a connecting pipe 303 and a removable, replaceable, or adjustable-opening-pressure relief valve 302 installed on the connecting pipe 303. The pressure relief device 300 is connected to the sealable cavity of the bladder 601 via the connecting pipe 303. The relief valve 302 is installed on the connecting pipe 303. The relief valve 302 only opens when the bladder 601 is compressed, causing the internal flowable medium to exceed a certain pressure. When the pressure of the flowable medium is less than the predetermined opening value, the relief valve 302 closes. Therefore, when the flowable medium flows through the relief valve 302, it encounters resistance, thus dissipating energy.

[0044] To collect the flowable medium flowing out of the relief valve 302, a storage bladder 301 can also be installed at the end of the connecting pipe 303. The storage bladder 301 has high elasticity. When there is no flowable medium inside, its volume is very small and will not interfere with other components. When the flowable medium is injected, its volume can change according to the amount of flowable medium. At the same time, the overflowing flowable medium can also serve as a signal for the protective function of the support bladder 600 to take effect. For example, a thin tube can be installed on the pressure relief device 300 to supply the overflowing flowable medium to the external system.

[0045] To better leverage the protective function of the support bladder, a damper 304 can also be installed on the pressure relief device 300. The damper 304 is also removable and replaceable or its damping magnitude is adjustable. When the flowable medium passes through the damper 304, its flow is obstructed, and energy is further dissipated. Combined with the set value opening and closing function of the relief valve 302, the protective function can be performed more reliably. At the same time, the removable and replaceable or adjustable nature of the relief valve 302 and the damper 304 also enhances the adjustability of the protective performance of the support bladder 600, thereby increasing the adaptability of the support bladder 600.

[0046] The filling and discharging device 4 is also installed on the bladder body 601. Its specific installation location depends on the constraints of other components. It is also connected to the sealable cavity of the bladder body 601. Opening the filling and discharging device 4 allows the flowable medium to be injected into the sealable cavity, while closing the filling and discharging device 4 completely seals the sealable cavity of the bladder body 601.

[0047] When the mass of the protected component carried by the support bladder 600 and the impact it may encounter are both large, in some extreme situations, the support bladder 600 and the flowable medium alone may not be sufficient to completely buffer the protected component. Therefore, a buffer pad 602 can also be installed inside the bladder 601; such as Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 11As shown, the buffer pad 602 can be installed in the direction of impact of the protected part, or it can be installed on the side of the support bladder 600 to adjust the bending strength of the support bladder 600 so that when the obstruction of the flowable medium and the bending of the support bladder 600 cannot dissipate the energy generated by the impact of the protected part, it can withstand subsequent impacts, thereby better exerting the protective function of the support bladder 600.

[0048] Because the bladder 601 has no elasticity or only very little elasticity, and the flowable medium is incompressible or only very little compressible, it will exhibit rigidity when the support bladder 600 is constrained in all directions and filled with the flowable medium.

[0049] A typical working process of the entire positioning buffer support bladder is as follows: First, select an appropriate pressure relief valve 302 and an appropriate damper 304 according to the specific protection needs, and install them on the connecting pipe 303. Then, install the support bladder 600 on the impact-moving side of the protected component. Because the bladder 601 is flexible, it can fit well with the protected component, thus eliminating the stress concentration problem that exists in the conventional installation of the protected component. At the same time, it can also solve the problem of gravity deformation of the protected component under different postures. Finally, a flowable medium is injected into the support bladder 600 through the filling and discharging device 4. The filling and discharging device 4 plays two functions in this process: filling in the flowable medium and discharging the original medium in the bladder 601. In specific scenarios, the original medium in the bladder 601 can also be discharged through the pressure release device 300.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown in other figures, because the support bladder 600 is constrained in all directions by the protected component and other parts, when the support bladder 600 is filled with a flowable medium, the support bladder 600 exhibits the positioning function of a rigid structure, and the protected component is positioned in an accurate position. If there is a slight deviation, it can be fine-tuned. Therefore, this positioning buffer support bladder 600 has a high positioning accuracy while having a protective function.

[0051] When the protected component is impacted, it transmits the impact to the support bladder 600. The pressure of the flowable medium inside the support bladder 600 increases after compression. When the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the relief valve 302, the flowable medium flows out from the relief valve 302 into the storage bladder 301. During this process, the flowable medium is resisted by the damper 304 and the relief valve 302, thus dissipating the impact energy received by the protected component and protecting it. When the impact disappears and the support bladder 600 is no longer under strong compression, the pressure of the flowable medium decreases, and the relief valve 302 closes. At this point, the protected component loses its positioning accuracy. If the impact on the protected component is too large, and too much flowable medium is discharged, the buffer pad 602 will consume the remaining energy, further protecting the protected component.

[0052] To restore the protective function of the support bladder 600 and the positioning accuracy of the protected component, first, the flowable medium in the storage bladder 301 is removed, and then the flowable medium is re-injected into the support bladder 600 through the filling and discharging device 4, thus repeating the initial installation steps. Therefore, it can be reused with virtually no need to disassemble or replace any parts. In daily maintenance, only the sealing of the support bladder 600 and the amount of flowable medium need to be monitored, making both daily maintenance and restoration of the protective function very convenient and quick.

[0053] If the working environment of the protected component changes, i.e., the degree of impact it may experience changes, the damper 304 can be replaced or its damping magnitude adjusted, and the relief valve 302 can be replaced or its predetermined opening pressure adjusted. If necessary, the type of flowable medium can also be changed. In this case, the support bladder 600 can adapt to the new working environment. Therefore, the present invention can also easily adjust the protection sensitivity and threshold performance, thus having good adaptability.

[0054] From the inherent characteristics and typical working process of this positioning buffer support bladder 600, it can be seen that it has advantages such as high positioning accuracy, reusability without replacing parts, convenient maintenance, easy adjustment of protective performance, and the ability to eliminate stress concentration problems and adapt to different postures. In particular, the above-described working process is only a typical working process among the many working processes of this invention, and the actual process can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This invention also provides a precision component impact protection device, including a positioning buffer support 600 according to any embodiment, a mounting chamber 1, and a pressure cover 2. The mounting chamber 1 is used to accommodate the protected component, and the pressure cover 2 is installed on the mounting chamber 1 to define the position of the protected component. The positioning buffer support 600 is installed in the impact direction of the protected component. (See attached diagram) Figure 1-11 As shown, to more clearly illustrate the principle and working process of the present invention, this embodiment provides some specific implementation schemes. For ease of understanding, the protected component is specifically referred to as the precision element 5 in the figure, and the precision element 5 can be compared to a medium or large-sized glass reflector in an optical instrument. The other components can also be compared to relevant components in an optical instrument. The support pouch 600, the precision element 5, the mounting chamber 1, the pressure cover 2, and other support pouches 600 mutually constrain each other to form a stable position for the precision element 5, while the support pouch 600 also forms a stable shape under this constraint. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when a precision component 5 needs to have space in a specific direction, such as when the reflective surface of a mirror needs to be open to the outside, and a buffer protection is needed in the corresponding area, the support bladder 600 in that area is... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The support bladder 600, located at the front end (left side is considered front, right side is considered rear along the axis of the mounting chamber 1), will be unrestrained in one direction. When the precision component 5 is impacted or vibrated and squeezes the support bladder 600 to the left, the support bladder 600 will deform in the unrestrained direction. This excessive deformation will cause the precision component 5, which is still in normal operation without reaching the protective pressure, to lose its positioning accuracy. Therefore, a constraint structure must be added in this direction, while not affecting the emergency compression of the support bladder 600. Thus, a telescopic baffle 7 is installed. The telescopic baffle 7 is telescopic in only one direction, exhibiting rigidity in the other directions. The telescopic direction of the baffle 7 is consistent with the impact movement direction of the protected precision component 5. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The middle part means that it can be stretched in the front and back directions. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the three support bladders 600 at different positions can provide omnidirectional protection for the precision component 5. Under the combined action of the three support bladders 600, the mounting chamber 1, the precision component 5, and the telescopic baffle 7, the three support bladders 600 at different positions are completely constrained. Combined with the inelasticity or only very slight elasticity of the bladder body 601 of the support bladder 600 and the incompressibility or only very slight compressibility of the flowable medium in the sealed cavity of the bladder body 601, each support bladder 600 will exhibit rigidity and thus form a stable shape. Therefore, the flexible support bladder 600 will exhibit the rigidity of a solid as described above, and the precision component 5 will also obtain a stable position. When the working pressure of the pressure relief device 300 is not reached, this positioning is basically the same as that of a general rigid body positioning structure. Because the bladder 601 possesses a certain strength, it retains an initial shape, facilitating initial installation. However, the telescopic baffle 7, designed for telescopic movement, has a structural characteristic that makes it difficult to completely conform to the support bladder 600. This results in a small area of ​​unrestrained space for the support bladder 600. The strength of the bladder 601 allows it to maintain its shape even in this unrestrained state. Similarly, this strength characteristic can adapt to other small areas of unrestrained space, as long as a balance is achieved between strength, the range of unrestrained space, and flexibility (required for protective function). Depending on the actual working conditions, support bladders can be positioned at different locations according to the impact direction of the protected precision component 5, for example... Figure 6 When the precision component 5 is only subjected to back impact, only the rear support bladder 600 needs to be provided; for example Figure 7 When the precision component 5 is only subjected to radial impact, only a radial support bladder 600 is needed; for example... Figure 8 As shown, when the precision component 5 is subjected to frontal and rearal impacts, support bladders 600 need to be provided at both the front and rear ends; while when the precision component 5 is subjected to omnidirectional impacts, such as Figure 1As shown, a full-range support bladder 600 needs to be set. In short, the support bladders 600 in the appropriate position and number can be set according to actual needs to achieve the protection function.

[0057] Since precision component 5 may not be easily machined into a specific shape for its positioning surface—for example, glass reflectors, due to their inherent hardness and brittleness, are not easily machined into complex shapes for their positioning surfaces—and because direct contact between precision component 5 and support bladder 600 would cause numerous problems due to certain testing, installation, and maintenance requirements, it is advisable to first install precision component 5 in adjustment and mounting chamber 8, and then allow adjustment and mounting chamber 8 to contact support bladder 600 to form a positioning relationship. Figure 9 As shown, this method can achieve a high-precision and complex-shaped positioning surface by adjusting the installation chamber 8, which can better form a positioning constraint relationship with the support bladder 600, thus solving the above problems.

[0058] A precision instrument often has multiple precision components 5. For example, in an optical camera, there are multiple lenses and mirrors. In this case, the precision components 5, along with the mounting chamber 1, the pressure cover 2, the support bladder 600, and other components, need to be installed as a whole in the adjustment and mounting chamber 8 to establish a relative positional relationship between the various precision components 5. Depending on the actual situation, the whole assembly composed of the precision components 5 can also be configured with the adjustment and mounting chamber 8. Similarly, the mounting chamber 1 can be removed, and the support bladder 600 and the positioning structure of the main mounting chamber 9 can be used directly to support and position the precision components 5.

[0059] A typical working process of the entire precision component shock protection device is as follows: First, select a relief valve 302 with appropriate opening pressure and a damper 304 with appropriate damping according to specific protection needs, and install them on the connecting pipe 303. Then, install the support bladder 600 on the impact-affected side of the precision component 5. Because the bladder 601 is flexible, it can fit well with the precision component 5, thus eliminating the stress concentration problem. Because the pressure of the flowable medium inside the support bladder 600 is uniform, the supporting force of the support bladder 600 on the precision component 5 is uniform regardless of the posture. Therefore, this property can be well applied to precision instruments whose posture changes, so that the protected component still receives good support during the posture change process, and will not cause large deformation of the protected component due to the change of gravity field at the support point, as is the case with traditional rigid installation structures.

[0060] If the precision component 5 is first installed in the adjustment and installation chamber 8, then the support bladder 600 is installed on the impact-moving side of the adjustment and installation chamber 8. After adjusting the position of the support bladder 600 and the precision component 5 relative to the installation chamber 1, if necessary, a telescopic baffle 7 is further installed, followed by the pressure cap 2. Finally, a flowable medium is injected into the support bladder 600 through the filling and discharging device 4.

[0061] When the support bladder 600 is filled with a flowable medium, the support bladder 600 exhibits the positioning function of a rigid structure under the constraint of the surroundings, and the precision component 5 is positioned in an accurate position. If there is a slight deviation, it can be fine-tuned. Therefore, this precision component shock protection device has a high positioning accuracy.

[0062] When precision component 5 is impacted, it transmits the impact directly or indirectly to support bladder 600. After support bladder 600 is compressed, the pressure of the flowable medium inside it rises. When the pressure reaches the opening pressure of relief valve 302, the flowable medium flows out from relief valve 302 into storage bladder 301. During this process, the flowable medium encounters resistance from damper 304 and relief valve 302, thus dissipating the energy generated by the impact on precision component 5 and protecting it. When the impact disappears and support bladder 600 is no longer under strong pressure, the pressure of the flowable medium decreases, and relief valve 302 closes. At this point, precision component 5 loses its positioning accuracy. If the impact on precision component 5 is too large, and too much flowable medium is discharged, buffer pad 602 will consume the remaining energy, further protecting precision component 5.

[0063] To restore the positioning accuracy of the precision component 5 and the protective function of the protection device, first clean the flowable medium in the storage bladder 301, and then re-inject the flowable medium into the support bladder 600 through the filling and discharging device 4. That is, repeat the initial installation steps. Therefore, this protection device can be reused without disassembling or replacing any parts. In daily maintenance, only parameters such as the sealing of the support bladder 600 and the amount of flowable medium need to be monitored. Therefore, both daily maintenance and accuracy restoration are very convenient and quick.

[0064] If the working environment of the precision component 5 changes, that is, the degree of impact it may experience changes, it can be replaced by replacing the damper 304 or adjusting its damping size, and replacing the relief valve 302 or adjusting its predetermined opening pressure. If necessary, the type of flowable medium can also be changed. At this time, the support bladder 600 can adapt to the new working environment. Therefore, the present invention can also easily adjust the sensitivity, threshold and energy absorption of the protection, thus having good adaptability.

[0065] If it is necessary to install the entire assembly consisting of the support bladder 600, precision components 5, etc., into the main installation chamber 9, then after completing the initial installation steps described above, they should be installed into the main installation chamber 9 one by one. The main installation chamber 9 will then establish the correct positioning relationship between the multiple precision components 5. Similarly, from the characteristics of this precision component impact protection device and its typical working process, it can be seen that it has advantages such as high positioning accuracy, reusability without replacing parts, convenient maintenance, easy adjustment of protection threshold, and the ability to eliminate stress concentration problems and adapt to different postures.

[0066] In particular, the above-described working process is only a typical working process among the many working processes of this invention, and the actual process can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0067] It should be noted that the shape of the support bladder 600 shown in the illustration is not representative of all shapes; support bladders 600 of various shapes can be manufactured according to actual needs. Similarly, the installation methods of the support bladder 600 and other components shown in the illustration are not representative of all installation methods; the installation methods can also be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, […]. Figure 1 The three directional support bladders 600 are combined into an omnidirectional support bladder 600. At this time, the installation method of the components is also changed accordingly. At the same time, the interior of the support bladder 600 can be divided into multiple independent sealable cavities to be filled with different flowable media as needed. At this time, the filling and discharging device 4 and the pressure relief device 300 should also be adjusted accordingly. Multiple parallel support bladders 600 can also be installed in the same direction.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision component shock protection device, characterized in that, It includes a positioning buffer support bag (600), a mounting chamber (1), a pressure cover (2), a precision component (5), and a telescopic baffle (7). The precision component (5) is a reflector. The mounting chamber (1) is used to accommodate the precision component (5) and the positioning buffer support bag (600). The pressure cover (2) is installed on the mounting chamber (1) to define the position of the precision component (5). The positioning buffer support bladder (600) includes a positioning buffer support bladder one and a positioning buffer support bladder two; with the pressure cap (2) as the starting point, the positioning buffer support bladder one, the precision element (5) and the positioning buffer support bladder two are arranged sequentially along the optical axis of the precision element (5); The telescopic baffle (7) is telescopic only in the optical axis direction of the precision component (5), and exhibits rigidity in other directions. The telescopic baffle (7) is installed on the mounting chamber (1) and located on the side of the precision component (5) near the positioning buffer support bladder 2. The positioning buffer support bladder (600) and the precision component (5), the mounting chamber (1), the pressure cover (2) and the telescopic baffle (7) mutually constrain each other to form a stable positioning constraint on the precision component (5), and at the same time, the positioning buffer support bladder (600) also forms a stable shape under this constraint; The positioning buffer support bladder (600) includes a bladder body (601), a pressure release device (300), and an inflation / deflation device (4); The capsule (601) has a sealed cavity. The capsule (601) is also flexible and can change its shape according to external constraints, but it does not have elasticity. At the same time, the capsule (601) also has a certain strength, so that it has an initial shape and can maintain its shape in a certain range of unconstrained state. The pressure relief device (300) and the filling and discharging device (4) are installed on the bladder (601) and are connected to the sealed cavity of the bladder (601); The sealed cavity of the capsule (601) is filled with a flowable medium that is incompressible; The pressure relief device (300) includes a connecting pipe (303) and a detachable or adjustable relief valve (302) installed on the connecting pipe (303). The relief valve (302) opens when the pressure of the flowable medium exceeds a certain level, and closes when the pressure of the flowable medium is less than the opening value of the relief valve (302).

2. The precision component shock protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cushioning pad (602) is installed inside the capsule (601).

3. The precision component shock protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief device (300) is also equipped with a damper (304), which is connected to the connecting pipe (303). The damper (304) is removable and replaceable or its damping magnitude is adjustable.

4. The precision component shock protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A storage bladder (301) is installed on the connecting pipe (303), the storage bladder (301) being elastic for collecting the flowable medium flowing out from the discharge valve (302).

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