A vascular tissue impedance testing system and an in vitro vascular tissue impedance testing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vascular tissue impedance testing system and method, the method includes: the present invention performs signal processing and signal calculation through a single chip microcomputer, controls the relevant actuator according to the generated control signal; displays numerical values ​​and graphics through a display module; heats the sample to be tested through a heating device; collects the electrical signals generated by the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the applied pressure in real time through a signal acquisition and processing module, and performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer; controls the movement of the clamping table through a precision linear transmission module; passes a preset air pressure into the blood vessel through a burst pressure test module and monitors and records the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time; and stores the test data through a storage module. The present invention is portable and easy to use, has small errors, and high efficiency, and can be widely used in the field of medical detection technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical detection technology, and in particular to a vascular tissue impedance testing system and method. Background Art

[0002] Electrosurgical equipment plays an important role in tissue cutting and vascular closure. Bipolar vascular sealer is a relatively new type of electrosurgical equipment. Its principle is to use the physical compression and electrical energy between the two electrodes to denature the protein of the tissue clamped between the electrodes, thereby sealing the blood vessels. At present, it is mostly used in surgical operations and separation of tissues with more small vessels, such as liver lobes, lung lobes, and uterine ligaments. However, such equipment is expensive, requires special maintenance, and has high cost of use. The impedance of vascular tissue will change with the temperature of the bipolar clamp, the frequency of the applied current, the voltage, etc. The unclear law of tissue impedance change seriously restricts the research and development and promotion of energy-type vascular welding equipment and in vitro diagnostic equipment. The main reason is the lack of a test system to study the law of vascular tissue change. The law of vascular impedance change is to study the dynamic change process of biological impedance of biological blood vessels under complex conditions. Blood vessels are slender, have lubricating surfaces, good biological elasticity, and are wrapped by biological tissues. It is difficult to clamp in the actual measurement process, and it is difficult to obtain a more accurate bioimpedance. In addition, in order to simulate the actual welding closure process, the blood vessels must be maintained at a certain temperature, current stimulation and pressure. These test conditions are difficult to quantitatively control in vitro. The evaluation of the quality of vascular welding closure is usually based on burst pressure evaluation, and the use of a handheld differential pressure gauge for vascular clamping measurement is relatively cumbersome, and there is no standard test platform.

[0003] At present, there is no test platform specifically used to test the changing rules of vascular impedance under complex conditions at home and abroad. For the measurement of vascular impedance, an independent platform is usually built to study the impedance changes of vascular tissue under the influence of a single factor. In addition, the operation has a certain randomness during the test process. For example, if an LCR impedance meter is directly clamped at both ends of the blood vessel for measurement, the measurement result will have a large error due to the elastic deformation of the blood vessel. This approach is costly, inconvenient to operate, and the experimental data has a large random error. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a vascular tissue impedance testing system and method with low cost, easy operation and small error.

[0005] One aspect of the present invention provides a vascular tissue impedance testing system, comprising:

[0006] A single-chip microcomputer is used for signal processing and signal calculation, and controls related actuators according to the generated control signals;

[0007] Display module, used to display numerical values ​​and graphics;

[0008] A heating device, used to heat the sample to be tested;

[0009] A signal acquisition and processing module, used for real-time acquisition of the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the electrical signal generated by the applied pressure, and preprocessing, and transmitting the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer;

[0010] Precision linear transmission module, used to control the movement of the clamping table;

[0011] The burst pressure test module is used to pass a preset air pressure into the blood vessel and monitor and record the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time;

[0012] Storage module, used to store test data.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes:

[0014] A power module, used to supply power to the single chip microcomputer and related actuators;

[0015] Key module, used to input control signals for the test process.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for testing vascular tissue impedance, including:

[0017] The signal processing and signal calculation are performed through the single chip microcomputer, and the relevant actuators are controlled according to the generated control signal;

[0018] Display numerical values ​​and graphics through display modules;

[0019] The sample to be tested is heated by a heating device;

[0020] The signal acquisition and processing module collects the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the electrical signal generated by the applied pressure in real time, performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer;

[0021] The movement of the clamping table is controlled by a precision linear transmission module;

[0022] A preset gas pressure is introduced into the blood vessels through a pressurization module;

[0023] The bursting pressure test module is used to pass a preset air pressure into the blood vessel and monitor and record the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time;

[0024] The test data is stored through the storage module.

[0025] Optionally, at least one of the following is also included:

[0026] Measure the changes in vascular impedance at different current frequencies;

[0027] Determine the changes in vascular impedance at different temperatures;

[0028] Measure the changes in vascular impedance under different clamping pressures;

[0029] Measure the changes in vascular impedance under different voltages;

[0030] Determine the vascular burst pressure.

[0031] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance at different current frequencies includes:

[0032] Insert the SD card into the card slot;

[0033] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0034] Open the constant temperature glass cover and initialize the LCR impedance meter and high frequency power supply;

[0035] Selecting an insulating rod of a suitable size and inserting the insulating rod into the blood vessel to be tested;

[0036] The first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block are moved up and down to press and hold the blood vessel, thereby clamping the blood vessel at the fixed end;

[0037] Set the electrical signal frequency parameters;

[0038] Clamp the two ends of the high-frequency power supply on the blood vessel clamp to be tested, and clamp the impedance measuring instrument on the impedance test clamps at both ends of the blood vessel to be tested;

[0039] The acquisition frequency range is configured to include current stimulation in the range of 200-950 KHz. After covering with a glass cover, the impedance change of the vascular tissue is acquired and the impedance change data is saved to the SD card.

[0040] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance at different temperatures includes:

[0041] Insert the SD card into the card slot;

[0042] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0043] Select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested;

[0044] The first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block are moved up and down to clamp the blood vessel at the fixed end;

[0045] The high-frequency power supply stimulation frequency is set to a frequency that has the least effect on the imaginary part of the vascular impedance, and the two ends of the high-frequency power supply are clamped on the first vascular clamp and the second vascular clamp at the two ends of the blood vessel to be tested;

[0046] Clamp the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel;

[0047] Put on the constant temperature glass cover, set the constant temperature heating parameters to heat the blood vessel to be tested, and the set temperature will be displayed on the temperature rising display screen;

[0048] The surface temperature of the blood vessel is measured by a thermocouple, and the surface temperature is fed back to the heating device in real time to keep the temperature constant;

[0049] The impedance change of the vascular tissue within the temperature range of 26-65° C. is collected, and the collected impedance change data is saved in the SD card.

[0050] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance under different clamping pressures includes:

[0051] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0052] Open the glass cover, initialize the impedance meter, and clamp the blood vessel at the fixed end by moving the first pressure block and the second pressure block up and down;

[0053] Clamp the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel, adjust the pressure holding speed and downward pressure distance according to the pressure range required by the experiment, and save the pressure and impedance data.

[0054] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance at different voltages includes:

[0055] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0056] Open the glass cover, select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested;

[0057] The operation of clamping the blood vessel is realized by moving the first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block up and down, the blood vessel is clamped at the fixed end, and the LCR impedance meter is clamped on the impedance test clamps at both ends of the blood vessel;

[0058] The high-frequency power supply stimulation frequency is set to a frequency that has the least effect on the imaginary part of the vascular impedance, and the two ends of the high-frequency power supply are clamped on the first vascular clamp and the second vascular clamp at the two ends of the blood vessel to be tested;

[0059] Cover with a glass cover and continuously increase the pressure to collect the impedance changes of the blood vessels in the voltage range of 20-400V, and save the impedance data to the SD card.

[0060] Optionally, the measuring of the blood vessel bursting pressure comprises:

[0061] Turn on the power switch, clamp the blood vessel by moving the first and second pressure blocks up and down, fix one end of the blood vessel to be tested on the clamping mechanism, and fix the other end of the blood vessel to be tested on one end of the digital differential pressure gauge device;

[0062] Connect the air pump device to the air pump interface;

[0063] Configure the speed of airflow into the blood vessel, cover with glass cover, and set the heating parameters to keep the temperature constant to the target temperature;

[0064] The pressure change data in the blood vessels is recorded in real time by a digital differential pressure meter.

[0065] An electronic device comprises a processor and a memory;

[0066] The memory is used to store programs;

[0067] The processor executes the program to implement the method described above.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which includes a computer instruction stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the above method.

[0069] The embodiment of the present invention performs signal processing and signal calculation through a single chip microcomputer, controls the relevant actuators according to the generated control signal; displays numerical values ​​and graphics through a display module; heats the sample to be tested through a temperature increasing device; collects the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the electrical signal generated by the applied pressure in real time through a signal acquisition and processing module, and performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer; controls the movement of the clamping table through a precision linear transmission module; passes a preset air pressure into the blood vessel through a burst pressure test module and monitors and records the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time; and stores the test data through a storage module. The present invention is portable and easy to use, has small errors, and is highly efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0071] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system framework provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of the device body provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention applied to temperature-vascular impedance measurement;

[0074] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of an implementation of the present invention applied to pressure-vascular impedance measurement;

[0075] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an implementation of the present invention applied to voltage / current frequency-vascular impedance measurement;

[0076] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a blood vessel frequency impedance characteristic curve in an experiment of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between blood vessel impedance and temperature at a frequency of 350KHz in an experiment of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the impedance curve of a blood vessel subjected to pressure / voltage changes in an experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0080] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a vascular tissue impedance testing system, which can adapt to clamping blood vessels of various diameters at the same time, simulate various operating environments in which high-frequency electrosurgical equipment acts on vascular tissue, output multiple types of power stimulation, simulate the pressure of the clamping action of the clinician, etc., and can be freely combined to achieve bio-impedance change testing tasks that meet different needs.

[0081] Specifically, one aspect of the present invention provides a vascular tissue impedance testing system, comprising:

[0082] A single-chip microcomputer is used for signal processing and signal calculation, and controls related actuators according to the generated control signals;

[0083] Display module, used to display numerical values ​​and graphics;

[0084] A heating device, used to heat the sample to be tested;

[0085] A signal acquisition and processing module, used for real-time acquisition of the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the electrical signal generated by the applied pressure, and preprocessing, and transmitting the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer;

[0086] Precision linear transmission module, used to control the movement of the clamping table;

[0087] The burst pressure test module is used to pass a preset air pressure into the blood vessel and monitor and record the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time;

[0088] Storage module, used to store test data.

[0089] Optionally, it also includes:

[0090] A power module, used to supply power to the single chip microcomputer and related actuators;

[0091] Key module, used to input control signals for the test process.

[0092] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for testing vascular tissue impedance, including:

[0093] The signal processing and signal calculation are performed through the single chip microcomputer, and the relevant actuators are controlled according to the generated control signal;

[0094] Display numerical values ​​and graphics through display modules;

[0095] The sample to be tested is heated by a heating device;

[0096] The signal acquisition and processing module collects the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the electrical signal generated by the applied pressure in real time, performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer;

[0097] The movement of the clamping table is controlled by a precision linear transmission module;

[0098] A preset gas pressure is introduced into the blood vessels through a pressurization module;

[0099] The bursting pressure test module is used to pass a preset air pressure into the blood vessel and monitor and record the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time;

[0100] The test data is stored through the storage module.

[0101] Optionally, at least one of the following is also included:

[0102] Measure the changes in vascular impedance at different current frequencies;

[0103] Determine the changes in vascular impedance at different temperatures;

[0104] Measure the changes in vascular impedance under different clamping pressures;

[0105] Measure the changes in vascular impedance under different voltages;

[0106] Determine the vascular burst pressure.

[0107] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance at different current frequencies includes:

[0108] Insert the SD card into the card slot;

[0109] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0110] Open the constant temperature glass cover and initialize the LCR impedance meter and high frequency power supply;

[0111] Selecting an insulating rod of a suitable size and inserting the insulating rod into the blood vessel to be tested;

[0112] The first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block are moved up and down to press and hold the blood vessel, thereby clamping the blood vessel at the fixed end;

[0113] Set the electrical signal frequency parameters;

[0114] Clamp the two ends of the high-frequency power supply on the blood vessel clamp to be tested, and clamp the impedance measuring instrument on the impedance test clamps at both ends of the blood vessel to be tested;

[0115] The acquisition frequency range is configured to include current stimulation in the range of 200-950 KHz. After covering with a glass cover, the impedance change of the vascular tissue is acquired and the impedance change data is saved to the SD card.

[0116] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance at different temperatures includes:

[0117] Insert the SD card into the card slot;

[0118] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0119] Select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested;

[0120] The first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block are moved up and down to clamp the blood vessel at the fixed end;

[0121] The high-frequency power supply stimulation frequency is set to a frequency that has the least effect on the imaginary part of the vascular impedance, and the two ends of the high-frequency power supply are clamped on the first vascular clamp and the second vascular clamp at the two ends of the blood vessel to be tested;

[0122] Clamp the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel;

[0123] Put on the constant temperature glass cover, set the constant temperature heating parameters to heat the blood vessel to be tested, and the set temperature will be displayed on the temperature rising display screen;

[0124] The surface temperature of the blood vessel is measured by a thermocouple, and the surface temperature is fed back to the heating device in real time to keep the temperature constant;

[0125] The impedance change of the vascular tissue within the temperature range of 26-65° C. is collected, and the collected impedance change data is saved in the SD card.

[0126] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance under different clamping pressures includes:

[0127] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0128] Open the glass cover, initialize the impedance meter, and clamp the blood vessel at the fixed end by moving the first pressure block and the second pressure block up and down;

[0129] Clamp the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel, adjust the pressure holding speed and downward pressure distance according to the pressure range required by the experiment, and save the pressure and impedance data.

[0130] Optionally, the measuring of changes in vascular impedance at different voltages includes:

[0131] Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature;

[0132] Open the glass cover, select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested;

[0133] The operation of clamping the blood vessel is realized by moving the first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block up and down, the blood vessel is clamped at the fixed end, and the LCR impedance meter is clamped on the impedance test clamps at both ends of the blood vessel;

[0134] The high-frequency power supply stimulation frequency is set to a frequency that has the least effect on the imaginary part of the vascular impedance, and the two ends of the high-frequency power supply are clamped on the first vascular clamp and the second vascular clamp at the two ends of the blood vessel to be tested;

[0135] Cover with a glass cover and continuously increase the pressure to collect the impedance changes of the blood vessels in the voltage range of 20-400V, and save the impedance data to the SD card.

[0136] Optionally, the measuring of the blood vessel bursting pressure comprises:

[0137] Turn on the power switch, clamp the blood vessel by moving the first and second pressure blocks up and down, fix one end of the blood vessel to be tested on the clamping mechanism, and fix the other end of the blood vessel to be tested on one end of the digital differential pressure gauge device;

[0138] Connect the air pump device to the air pump interface;

[0139] Configure the speed of airflow into the blood vessel, cover with glass cover, and set the heating parameters to keep the temperature constant to the target temperature;

[0140] The pressure change data in the blood vessels is recorded in real time by a digital differential pressure meter.

[0141] An electronic device comprises a processor and a memory;

[0142] The memory is used to store programs;

[0143] The processor executes the program to implement the method described above.

[0144] The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which includes a computer instruction stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the above method.

[0145] The specific implementation principle of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0146] like Figure 1 As shown, a vascular tissue impedance testing system of the present invention includes a single chip microcomputer, a storage module, a display module, a key module, a power module, a bursting pressure testing module, a precision linear transmission module, a signal acquisition and processing module and a heating device.

[0147] Among them, the single chip microcomputer is responsible for signal processing and calculation as well as controlling related actuators;

[0148] The power module is responsible for supplying power to the microcontroller and related auxiliary equipment;

[0149] The display module is responsible for displaying values ​​and graphics;

[0150] The key module is responsible for the generation of test process control signals;

[0151] The storage module is responsible for storing relevant test data;

[0152] The heating device generates hot convection air to heat the sample to be tested;

[0153] The signal acquisition and processing module is responsible for collecting the electrical signals generated by the surface temperature of the blood vessels and the applied pressure, and amplifying and filtering them and transmitting them to the single chip microcomputer;

[0154] The precision linear transmission module is responsible for the precise movement of the clamping table position;

[0155] The bursting pressure test module is used to pass a preset air pressure into the blood vessel and monitor and record the pressure changes in the blood vessel in real time.

[0156] Figure 2(a), (b), and (c) are schematic diagrams of the structure of the device body provided in this embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, for Figure 2 The meanings of the reference numerals appearing in (a), (b) and (c) are explained as follows: 1 represents a pressure platform; 2 represents a first pressure block; 3 represents a current frequency display screen; 4 represents a power switch; 5 represents an SD card storage slot; 6 represents a voltage display screen; 7 represents a blood vessel; 8 represents a heat flow grid; 9 represents a first impedance test clamp; 10 represents a second clamping platform; 11 represents a first blood vessel clamp; 12 represents an air pump interface terminal; 13 represents a heat dissipation grid; 14 represents a first temperature rise display screen; 15 represents an insulating rod; 16 represents a second temperature rise display screen; 17 represents a second pressure block; 18 represents a thermocouple; 19 represents a first clamping platform; 20 represents a first guide rail; 21 represents a second impedance test clamp; 22 represents a second guide rail; 23 represents a second blood vessel clamp; 24 represents a glass cover; and 25 represents an impedance test clamp and an electrical stimulation signal line hole.

[0157] Combination Figure 2 The structural diagram of the vascular tissue impedance testing system of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0158] like Figure 2 As shown, the vascular tissue impedance test system structure includes a pressure platform (such as Figure 2 (b) as indicated by 1), a pressure block 1 (as indicated by 1 Figure 2 (b) Mark 2), current frequency display screen (such as Figure 2 (b) Mark 3), power switch (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 4), SD card storage slot (such as Figure 2 (b) Mark 6), voltage display screen (such as Figure 2 (b) Mark 6), blood vessels (such as Figure 2 (b) Mark 7), heat flux grid (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 8), impedance test clip 1 (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 9), clamping table 2 (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 10), vascular clamp 1 (as Figure 2 (b) marked 11), air pump interface end (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 12), heat dissipation grid (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 13), heating display screen 1 (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 14), insulating rod (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 15), heating display screen 2 (such as Figure 2 (b) marked 16), pressure block 2 (such as Figure 2 (c) marked 17), thermocouple (such as Figure 2 (c) marked 18), clamping table 1 (such as Figure 2 (c) marked 19), guide rail 1 (such as Figure 2 (c) marked 20), impedance test clip 2 (such as Figure 2 (c) marked 21), guide rail 2 (such as Figure 2 (c) marked 22), vascular clamp 2 (such as Figure 2 (c) marked 23), glass cover (such as Figure 2 (a) marked 24), impedance test clip and electrical stimulation signal line hole (such as Figure 2 (marked 25 in (a)).

[0159] The vascular tissue impedance test system is mainly composed of a single-chip microcomputer, a storage module, a display module, a power module, a bursting pressure test module, a precision linear transmission module, a signal acquisition and processing module, a heating device and a button module. It includes a precision linear transmission module, a pressurization module, a constant temperature detection module, a bursting pressure test module and a signal acquisition and processing module. By calling and combining different modules, LCR impedance testers, high-frequency power supplies and other equipment can meet the needs of different test tasks.

[0160] like Figure 2 As shown in (c), the single-chip microcomputer is responsible for signal processing and calculation as well as controlling related actuators; the power module is responsible for supplying power to the single-chip microcomputer and related auxiliary equipment; the display module is responsible for displaying numerical values; the storage module is responsible for storing related test data; the key module includes a start key, a record key and a stop key.

[0161] Precision linear drive modules, such as Figure 2 (c) shows, the pressure block 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 2) and pressure block 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 17) is driven by a servo motor to move up and down to achieve the operation of clamping the blood vessel. Figure 2 (c) 19) and clamping table 2 ( Figure 2 (b) 10) The servo motor drives the guide rail 1 ( Figure 2 (c) 20)) moves to adjust the distance between the two clamping tables. Pressure table ( Figure 2 (b) 1) On rail 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 22) The servo motor drive is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer AT89s51 to achieve precise positioning.

[0162] The pressurizing module is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer AT89s51 to move and position the precision linear transmission module, and then adjust the distance between the two ends of the clamping mechanism to clamp the blood vessel at the fixed end, adjust the position of the pressure clamping mechanism to insert the blood vessel into the pressure holding mechanism, and adjust the pressurizing block 2 ( Figure 2(c) 17) The holding speed and downward pressing distance are adjusted to achieve pressurization of the vascular tissue and simulate jaw clamping. The pressure detected by the pressure sensor is converted by the signal acquisition and processing module and input into the single-chip microcomputer for display and storage.

[0163] The constant temperature detection module is mainly composed of a single chip microcomputer, a thermocouple ( Figure 2 (c) 18), signal acquisition circuit, heating device and heating display screen ( Figure 2 (b) 16) Heat flux grid Figure 2 (b) 8 and heat sink ( Figure 2 (b) 13) Composition: The heating device is mainly controlled by a single chip microcomputer through a MOS tube to turn on and off the heating tube element. After the heating temperature is set, the temperature is displayed on the heating display screen 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 14), the thermocouple collects the blood vessel surface temperature in real time, and after the signal acquisition and processing module enters the single chip microcomputer AD conversion, it is displayed on the temperature rising display screen 2 ( Figure 2 (b) 16), the heating tube element generates heat in the water tank and heats the sample to be tested through the convection air of the heat flow grid.

[0164] The burst pressure test module, the single chip microcomputer AT89s51 sends a signal to the left and right impedance test clamps of the clamping mechanism (impedance test clamp 1 Figure 2 (b) 9. Impedance test clip 2 ( Figure 2 (c)21), the air pump device is connected to the air pump interface ( Figure 2 (b) 12) is connected, and the blood vessel is inflated under the control of the single-chip microcomputer. A differential pressure gauge is connected to one end of the blood vessel to monitor and record the changes in the intravascular pressure in real time.

[0165] The signal acquisition and processing module is composed of a thermocouple, a pressure sensor, an amplifier, a capacitor, a resistor and other components that form an electrical signal amplification and filtering circuit.

[0166] The implementation principle of the vascular tissue impedance testing method according to the embodiment of the present invention is further described below:

[0167] In this embodiment, New Zealand rabbit blood vessels were isolated to study the impedance law of vascular tissue. After the blood and other impurities in the lumen were cleaned and removed, the blood vessels were placed in a refrigerator in SBF simulated body fluid for 12 hours. Before the experiment, the tissue was washed with saline to remove the thick connective tissue containing fat on the surface of the blood vessels, so that the surface of the sample was flat and clean to ensure good contact performance. Rabbit blood vessels with a length of 40±0.5mm and a diameter of 5.11±0.1mm were used to carry out impedance law research using a vascular tissue impedance test system of the present invention, as follows:

[0168] 1. Current frequency-vascular impedance measurement:

[0169] Insert the SD card into the card slot ( Figure 2(b)6), turn on the power switch ( Figure 2 (b) 4), start heating to the operating room temperature (26°C), open the glass cover ( Figure 2 (a) 24), initialize the LCR meter and high frequency power supply, select an insulating rod of appropriate size ( Figure 2 (b) 15) and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested, through the pressure block 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 2) and pressure block 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 17) Move up and down to press the blood vessel. Figure 2 (b)7) Clamp at the fixed end, set the frequency parameters of the electrical signal, and clamp the two ends of the high-frequency power supply to the vascular clamp to be tested (vascular clamp 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 11) and vascular clamp 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 23)), impedance test clips (impedance test clip 1) are placed at both ends of the blood vessel to be tested. Figure 2 (b) 9. Impedance test clip 2 ( Figure 2 (c)21) Clamp the impedance meter and cover it with a glass cover ( Figure 2 (a) 24) To prevent external interference, the impedance changes of vascular tissues under current stimulation with a frequency range of 200-950KHz (the signal frequency is adjusted in an incremental manner) are collected, and the data is automatically saved to the SD card ( Figure 2 (b)6), the control software flow chart is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the results are Figure 6 shown.

[0170] 2. Temperature-vascular impedance measurement

[0171] Insert the SD card into the card slot ( Figure 2 (b)6), turn on the power switch ( Figure 2 (b) 4), start heating to the operating room temperature (26°C), select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested, and pressurize the blood vessel with the pressure block 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 2) and pressure block 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 17) Move up and down to clamp the blood vessel. Figure 2 (b)7) is clamped at the fixed end, and the two ends of the high-frequency power supply are clamped on the blood vessel clamp to be tested (blood vessel clamp 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 11) and vascular clamp 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 23)), clamp the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel (impedance test clip 1 Figure 2 (b) 9. Impedance test clip 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 21), place the thermostatic glass cover ( Figure 2 (a) 24) Cover and set the constant temperature heating parameters for the blood vessel to be tested ( Figure 2(b)7) Heating is performed, and the set temperature is displayed on the heating display screen 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 14), thermocouple ( Figure 2 (c) 18) Directly measure the surface temperature of the blood vessels and feed back the temperature rise device in real time to maintain a constant temperature. Collect the impedance changes of the blood vessel tissue in the temperature range of 26-65°C under the stimulation of a sine wave with a constant current source set at 350KHz (the frequency with the smallest influence of the imaginary part of the impedance in the experiment). The temperature data is displayed on the temperature rise display screen 2 ( Figure 2 (b)16), data is automatically saved to SD card ( Figure 2 (b)6). The control software flow chart is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the temperature-vascular impedance measurement results of this embodiment are as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0172] 3. Pressure-vascular impedance measurement:

[0173] Turn on the power switch ( Figure 2 (b) 4), start heating to the operating room temperature (26°C), open the glass cover ( Figure 2 (a) 24), initialize the impedance meter, by pressing block 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 2) and pressure block 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 17) Move up and down to clamp the blood vessel. Figure 2 (b)7) Clamp the LCR impedance meter at the fixed end and clamp the impedance test clips (impedance test clip 1) at both ends of the blood vessel. Figure 2 (b) 9. Impedance test clip 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 21), adjust the pressing speed and pressing distance according to the pressure range (0-14N) required by the experiment, and save the pressure and impedance data. The control process is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the results are Figure 8 shown.

[0174] 4. Voltage-vascular impedance measurement

[0175] Turn on the power switch ( Figure 2 (b) 4), start heating to the operating room temperature (26°C), open the glass cover, select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested, and pressurize the block 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 2) and pressure block 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 17) Move up and down to clamp the blood vessel. Figure 2 (b)7) Clamp the LCR impedance meter at the fixed end and clamp the impedance test clips (impedance test clip 1) at both ends of the blood vessel. Figure 2 (b) 9. Impedance test clip 2 ( Figure 2(c) 21), set the high-frequency power supply stimulation frequency to the frequency with the least effect on the imaginary part of the vascular impedance (the frequency with the least effect on the imaginary part of the impedance in this experiment), and clamp the two ends of the high-frequency power supply to the vascular clamps at both ends of the blood vessel to be tested (vascular clamp 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 11) and vascular clamp 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 23)) and gradually increase the pressure, cover with a glass cover to prevent external interference, collect the impedance changes of blood vessels in the voltage range of 20-400V, and automatically save the impedance data to the SD card. The software control process is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the results are Figure 8 shown.

[0176] 5. Measurement of vascular burst pressure

[0177] Turn on the power switch ( Figure 2 (b) 4), through the pressure block 1 ( Figure 2 (b) 2) and pressure block 2 ( Figure 2 (c) 17) Move up and down to clamp the blood vessel. Figure 2 (b) One end of 7) is fixed to the clamping mechanism and locked, and the other end is fixed to one end of the digital differential pressure gauge device. The air pump device is connected to the air pump interface end ( Figure 2 (b) 12), set the speed of airflow blowing into the blood vessel, cover it with a glass cover, set the heating parameters to a constant temperature close to human body temperature (37.5°C), and use a digital differential pressure gauge to record the pressure change data in the blood vessel in real time.

[0178] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following functions:

[0179] 1. The present invention can clamp blood vessels of any range through a special mechanical structure;

[0180] 2. The present invention can adjust the clamping position to adapt to blood vessels of different lengths;

[0181] 3. The present invention can simulate various ambient temperatures;

[0182] 4. The present invention can simulate the clamping action of the doctor;

[0183] 5. The present invention can realize long-term vascular impedance measurement and result storage;

[0184] 6. The present invention can simulate various frequency and voltage electrical signal stimulations;

[0185] 7. The present invention meets different vascular impedance testing tasks by integrating different modules.

[0186] As a vascular tissue impedance testing system, the present invention realizes the integration of various environmental conditions such as temperature, frequency, voltage, pressure, and device standardization. Researchers only need to pre-process the blood vessels and assemble them into the device, and connect the relevant equipment to the test system to conveniently simulate the impedance law research of blood vessels in the operating environment of electrosurgery equipment. The system is portable and easy to use with small errors. It provides a convenient and easy-to-use vascular impedance law research system for researchers of energy-type vascular closure equipment, improves test efficiency, accelerates the research on the changes and mechanisms of vascular impedance in the high-frequency electrosurgery operating environment, and accelerates the research, development, transformation, application and promotion of high-frequency vascular closure surgical equipment.

[0187] In some selectable embodiments, the function / operation mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the function / operation involved, the two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiment presented and described in the flow chart of the present invention is provided by way of example, for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operation and logic flow presented herein. Selectable embodiments are expected, wherein the order of various operations is changed and the sub-operation of a part for which is described as a larger operation is performed independently.

[0188] In addition, although the present invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, one or more of the functions and / or features described may be integrated into a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It is also understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is unnecessary for understanding the present invention. More specifically, in view of the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the device disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the conventional skills of the engineer. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention set forth in the claims without excessive experimentation using ordinary techniques. It is also understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0189] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0190] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0191] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0192] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0193] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0194] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0195] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A vascular tissue impedance testing system, characterized in that: include: A single-chip microcomputer is used for signal processing and signal calculation, and controls related actuators according to the generated control signals; Display module, used to display numerical values ​​and graphics; A heating device, used for heating the blood vessel to be tested; A signal acquisition and processing module, used for real-time acquisition of the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the electrical signal generated by the applied pressure, and preprocessing, and transmitting the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer; The precision linear transmission module is used to control the movement of the clamping platform. By controlling the movement of the clamping platform, the distance between the two clamping platforms can be adjusted, and the clamping position of the blood vessel clamp to be tested can be adjusted to adapt to blood vessels of different lengths to be tested. The burst pressure test module is used to pass a preset air pressure into the blood vessel and monitor and record the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time; A storage module, used for storing test data; The LCR impedance meter is used to clamp the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel, adjust the pressing speed and downward distance of the pressurizing module according to the pressure range required by the experiment, and save the pressure and impedance data.

2. A vascular tissue impedance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A power module, used to supply power to the single chip microcomputer and related actuators; Key module, used to input control signals for the test process.

3. A method for testing impedance of in vitro vascular tissue, characterized in that: include: The signal processing and signal calculation are performed through the single chip microcomputer, and the relevant actuators are controlled according to the generated control signal; Display numerical values ​​and graphics through display modules; The blood vessel to be tested is heated by a heating device; The signal acquisition and processing module collects the surface temperature of the blood vessel and the electrical signal generated by the applied pressure in real time, performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed data to the single chip microcomputer; The movement of the clamping table is controlled by a precision linear transmission module; by controlling the movement of the clamping table, the distance between the two clamping tables can be adjusted, and the clamping position of the blood vessel clamp to be tested can be adjusted to adapt to blood vessels of different lengths to be tested; The bursting pressure test module is used to pass a preset air pressure into the blood vessel and monitor and record the pressure change information in the blood vessel in real time; Storing test data through storage modules; By clamping the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel, the pressure holding speed and downward pressure distance of the pressurizing module are adjusted according to the pressure range required by the experiment, and the pressure and impedance data are saved.

4. The in vitro vascular tissue impedance testing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes at least one of the following: Measure the changes in vascular impedance at different current frequencies; Determine the changes in vascular impedance at different temperatures; Measure the changes in vascular impedance under different clamping pressures; Measure the changes in vascular impedance under different voltages; Determine the vascular burst pressure.

5. The in vitro vascular tissue impedance testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The measuring of the change of vascular impedance at different current frequencies includes: Insert the SD card into the card slot; Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature; Open the constant temperature glass cover and initialize the LCR impedance meter and high frequency power supply; Selecting an insulating rod of a suitable size and inserting the insulating rod into the blood vessel to be tested; The first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block are moved up and down to press and hold the blood vessel, thereby clamping the blood vessel at the fixed end; Set the electrical signal frequency parameters; Clamp the two ends of the high-frequency power supply on the blood vessel clamp to be tested, and clamp the impedance measuring instrument on the impedance test clamps at both ends of the blood vessel to be tested; The acquisition frequency range is configured to include current stimulation in the range of 200-950 KHz. After covering with a glass cover, the impedance change of the vascular tissue is acquired and the impedance change data is saved to the SD card.

6. The in vitro vascular tissue impedance testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of measuring the change of vascular impedance at different temperatures includes: Insert the SD card into the card slot; Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature; Select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested; The first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block are moved up and down to clamp the blood vessel at the fixed end; The high-frequency power supply stimulation frequency is set to a frequency that has the least effect on the imaginary part of the vascular impedance, and the two ends of the high-frequency power supply are clamped on the first vascular clamp and the second vascular clamp at the two ends of the blood vessel to be tested; Clamp the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel; Put on the constant temperature glass cover, set the constant temperature heating parameters to heat the blood vessel to be tested, and the set temperature will be displayed on the temperature rising display screen; The surface temperature of the blood vessel is measured by a thermocouple, and the surface temperature is fed back to the heating device in real time to keep the temperature constant; The impedance change of the vascular tissue within the temperature range of 26-65° C. is collected, and the collected impedance change data is saved in the SD card.

7. The in vitro vascular tissue impedance testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determination of changes in vascular impedance under different clamping pressures includes: Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature; Open the glass cover, initialize the impedance meter, and clamp the blood vessel at the fixed end by moving the first pressure block and the second pressure block up and down; Clamp the LCR impedance meter on the impedance test clips at both ends of the blood vessel, adjust the pressure holding speed and downward pressure distance according to the pressure range required by the experiment, and save the pressure and impedance data.

8. The in vitro vascular tissue impedance testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The measuring of changes in vascular impedance at different voltages includes: Turn on the power switch and heat to the operating room temperature; Open the glass cover, select an insulating rod of appropriate size and insert it into the blood vessel to be tested; The operation of clamping the blood vessel is realized by moving the first pressurizing block and the second pressurizing block up and down, the blood vessel is clamped at the fixed end, and the LCR impedance meter is clamped on the impedance test clamps at both ends of the blood vessel; The high-frequency power supply stimulation frequency is set to a frequency that has the least effect on the imaginary part of the vascular impedance, and the two ends of the high-frequency power supply are clamped on the first vascular clamp and the second vascular clamp at the two ends of the blood vessel to be tested; Cover with a glass cover and continuously increase the pressure to collect the impedance changes of the blood vessels in the voltage range of 20-400V, and save the impedance data to the SD card.

9. The in vitro vascular tissue impedance testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of measuring the blood vessel bursting pressure comprises: Turn on the power switch, clamp the blood vessel by moving the first and second pressure blocks up and down, fix one end of the blood vessel to be tested on the clamping mechanism, and fix the other end of the blood vessel to be tested on one end of the digital differential pressure gauge device; Connect the air pump device to the air pump interface; Configure the speed of airflow into the blood vessel, cover with glass cover, and set the heating parameters to keep the temperature constant to the target temperature; The pressure change data in the blood vessels is recorded in real time by a digital differential pressure meter.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: including a processor and a memory; The memory is used to store programs; The processor executes the program to implement the method according to any one of claims 3 to 9.

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