A seat bottom type electromagnetic detection system

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of ocean exploration, and particularly relates to an underwater electromagnetic detection system. The underwater electromagnetic detection system comprises a seabed vehicle, an electrode cable, a damping umbrella and a tethered floating ball. The seabed vehicle is used for pulling the electrode cable. The damping umbrella and the tethered floating ball are arranged at the tail end of the electrode cable. The electrode cable is pulled by the front-end seabed vehicle, and the rear-end damping umbrella and tethered floating ball increase the resistance, so that the electrode cable is kept in a relatively straight state after entering the water. The damping umbrella increases the tension at the tail end of the electrode cable under the action of water flow, so that the electrode cable is kept in a straight state. The tethered floating ball reduces the descending speed of the tail end of the electrode cable in shallow water, so that the electrode cable is gradually straightened. In deep water, the tethered floating ball is crushed, so that the tail end of the electrode cable gradually seats on the seabed under the action of the resistance of the damping umbrella and its own weight, and finally the electrode cable is kept in a relatively straight state, avoiding the electrode cable winding and gasket pressing, and ensuring the electromagnetic detection effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine exploration technology, and specifically relates to an underwater electromagnetic detection system. Background Technology

[0002] To safeguard national maritime rights and interests and ensure maritime security, countries around the world have invested significant human and material resources in developing high-performance underwater detection systems for purposes such as marine geological exploration, military reconnaissance, and the handling of dangerous underwater targets.

[0003] Underwater electromagnetic detection systems rely on electrode cables to detect underwater targets, representing a novel underwater detection method. The laying posture of the electrode cable on the seabed directly affects the detection accuracy. Given the complex marine environment and significant operating depths, ensuring the electrode cable remains relatively straight after being placed on the seabed, without tangling, knots, or compression, presents a significant challenge. To guarantee the accuracy of underwater electromagnetic detection, it is necessary to design a seabed-mounted electromagnetic detection system and study its deployment method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a base-mounted electromagnetic detection system to address the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a seated electromagnetic detection system, comprising: a seated vehicle, an electrode cable, a damping umbrella, and a tethered buoy.

[0006] The bottom-mounted vehicle is used to traction the electrode cable; to ensure that the electrode cable achieves the required effect after entering the water, the bottom-mounted vehicle should meet the requirements of stable attitude and collision prevention.

[0007] The damping umbrella is installed at the tail end of the electrode cable. After the electrode cable enters the water, the damping umbrella applies a traction force to the tail end of the electrode cable to keep it straight.

[0008] The mooring float is located at the tail end of the electrode cable. The mooring float is a non-metallic float with low pressure resistance. In shallow water, the mooring float applies tension to the tail end of the electrode cable. After entering deep water, the water pressure crushes the mooring float, the buoyancy at the tail end of the electrode cable decreases, and the detection system moves down as a whole in the water until it reaches the bottom.

[0009] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0010] The bottom-mounted vehicle pulls the electrode cable at its head, maintaining its stable attitude and gliding it into deeper water. The damping umbrella is an umbrella-shaped structure with a closed bottom. During operation, the umbrella bottom moves in the opposite direction to the water flow, hindering the flow. The resistance increases quadratically with the current velocity, thus applying a force to the tail of the electrode cable opposite to the direction of the detection system's movement, straightening the cable. The mooring buoy is made of non-metallic material, and its buoyancy should be greater than the weight of the electrode cable tail and the damping umbrella, maintaining a slightly positive buoyancy at the tail. This reduces the descent speed of the electrode cable tail, making it easier to straighten. The mooring buoy is designed with low pressure resistance, providing buoyancy to help straighten the electrode cable in shallow water, but allowing it to be crushed by water pressure in deep water, losing buoyancy and allowing the electrode cable to settle flat on the seabed under the pull of the bottom-mounted vehicle and the damping umbrella.

[0011] Building upon the aforementioned design, the submersible is further equipped with a flow-guiding outer shell. This streamlined, non-sealed shell reduces resistance during gliding in water and protects internal equipment. A collision-resistant base is located at the bottom of the flow-guiding outer shell, ensuring reliable protection for the submersible in any gliding posture. Symmetrical horizontal wings are positioned on both sides of the flow-guiding outer shell, maintaining stability during gliding and preventing capsizing or tangling of the electrode cables. These wings also ensure a relatively level gliding posture, preventing overturning and capsizing. A set of release buoys is mounted on the flow-guiding outer shell for releasing communication buoys to communicate with the mother ship. A cable connector is located at the stern of the flow-guiding outer shell for connecting the rear electrode cables. The interior of the flow-guiding outer shell houses a power supply and instrument compartment, a high-pressure watertight structure used to power the electrode cables and control related equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the anti-collision base in the above scheme is a frame structure composed of multiple rigid metal components; the rigid metal components are connected by springs. The anti-collision base changes from a fully rigid structure to a semi-rigid structure, which ensures both strength and meets the requirements for shock absorption and impact resistance, allowing the vehicle to reduce the impact intensity with the seabed when it is seated.

[0013] Furthermore, the cable connector in the above scheme is a slip ring structure. After the electrode cable is connected to the cable connector, the electrode cable can rotate relative to the base vehicle, preventing the connector from being damaged due to excessive twisting angle of the electrode cable during hoisting or deployment.

[0014] Furthermore, the above scheme includes a release buoy group with N communication buoys, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The motors in the release buoy group are controlled to rotate at a certain angle (360° / N) to release the communication buoys.

[0015] The deployment method of this invention is as follows: First, the main ship arrives at the designated area and stops. The electrode cable is pre-wound onto the towing winch of the main ship. After connecting the tail end of the electrode cable to the salvage rope and the indicator buoy, it is thrown into the water. A small boat is released from the main ship, and the indicator buoy is salvaged by the small boat, after which the salvage rope is tied to the small boat. The winch on the main ship is started to slowly release the cable, with the release speed synchronized with the speed of the small boat. The small boat transports the tail end of the electrode cable to the auxiliary ship. The salvage rope, along with the tail end of the electrode cable, is retrieved onto the aft deck of the auxiliary ship via the winch on the auxiliary ship. Then, the cable connected to the release device and the first sheath is connected to the winch on the auxiliary ship. Finally, a damping umbrella and a mooring buoy are installed at the tail end of the electrode cable. The purpose is that after the system is deployed into the water, the tail end of the electrode cable can always maintain a reverse tension and a slight positive buoyancy, so that the electrode cable can remain relatively straight after sinking to the seabed. When the electrode cable is about to be deployed, the head end of the electrode cable needs to be connected to the cable connector of the bottom-mounted hull. At this point, after the electrode cable is released from the second sheath, the winch stops, and the cable on the second sheath is fixed to a certain place on the aft deck of the main ship; continue to release the electrode cable until it is completely released, and then assemble the electrode cable end onto the cable connector of the bottom-mounted hull.

[0016] The release device connected to the main ship's crane is directly connected to the hull-mounted vehicle via a cable. The hull-mounted vehicle is then slowly lifted to apply force, and the cable connecting the second sheath of the electrode cable to the main ship's deck is released. The hull-mounted vehicle is then slowly lowered into the water to a certain depth. At this point, the command personnel coordinate that the aft decks of the main and auxiliary ships remain parallel, and use the GPS positioning equipment on both ships to coordinate their movement to a distance approximately equal to the length of the electrode cable, at which point the electrode cable is about to taut. The deployment personnel on both ships simultaneously release the first and second release devices according to instructions, ensuring the entire system is released at the same time, completing the deployment.

[0017] Using the above method, the electrode cable can be in a state of almost straightening before entering the water, and then the entire detection system can be entered into the water. This ensures that the electrode cable has a good initial state when entering the water, avoiding the electrode cable from getting tangled or spinning due to poor deployment, which would increase the difficulty of operation and adjustment.

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) This invention employs a method of front-end traction on the hull and rear-end damping umbrella and mooring buoy to increase resistance on the electrode cable. This ensures that the electrode cable remains relatively straight after entering the water. The damping umbrella, under the action of water flow, increases the tension at the tail end of the electrode cable, keeping it straight. In shallow water, the mooring buoy reduces the descent speed of the electrode cable tail end, gradually straightening it. In deep water, it is crushed, causing the electrode cable tail end to gradually sink to the bottom under the resistance of the damping umbrella and its own weight, ultimately keeping the electrode cable in a relatively straight state. This avoids phenomena such as electrode cable entanglement and compression, ensuring the effectiveness of electromagnetic detection.

[0020] (2) The bottom-mounted vehicle has a streamlined structure, which can reduce the drag during gliding. The horizontal wings on both sides can maintain the attitude in the water and prevent it from turning over. The bottom anti-collision base can reduce the impact between the vehicle and the seabed when it is on the bottom, and protect the safety of the system.

[0021] (3) The tail of the electrode cable is connected to a damping umbrella and a mooring float. The damping umbrella is used to increase the tension at the tail of the electrode cable under the action of water flow, so that the electrode cable is in a straight state. The mooring float can reduce the descent speed of the tail of the electrode cable in shallow water, so that the electrode cable is gradually straightened. In deep water, it is crushed, so that the tail of the electrode cable gradually sits on the bottom under the action of the damping umbrella resistance and its own weight, and finally the electrode cable is in a relatively straight state. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition and base assembly process of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base-mounted navigation body structure in this invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the deployment process of the present invention (I).

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the deployment process of the present invention.

[0026] Among them: 1-Seat vehicle, 2-Electrode cable, 3-Damping umbrella, 4-Tethering buoy, 5-Guide shell, 6-Collision base, 7-Horizontal wing, 8-Power supply and instrument compartment, 9-Cable connector, 10-Release buoy assembly, 11-Retrieval rope, 12-Indicator buoy, 13-First release device, 14-First sheath, 15-Second sheath, 16-Second release device. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] See appendix Figure 1 A seated electromagnetic detection system includes: a seated vehicle 1, an electrode cable 2, a damping umbrella 3, and a tethered buoy 4.

[0030] The bottom-mounted vehicle 1 is used to pull the electrode cable 2; in order to ensure that the electrode cable achieves the required effect after entering the water, the bottom-mounted vehicle should meet the requirements of stable attitude and collision prevention.

[0031] The damping umbrella 3 is set at the tail end of the electrode cable 2. After the electrode cable 2 enters the water, the damping umbrella 3 applies a traction force to the tail end of the electrode cable 2 under the action of the water flow, so that the electrode cable 2 is always under tension in the water and remains straight.

[0032] The mooring buoy 4 is located at the tail end of the electrode cable 2. The mooring buoy 4 is a non-metallic buoy with low pressure resistance. Its function is as follows: when the water depth is shallow, the presence of the mooring buoy 4 applies a pulling force to the tail end of the electrode cable 2, making the front of the electrode cable 2 move faster and the tail slower, thereby straightening the electrode cable 2. Subsequently, the mooring buoy 4 and the damping umbrella 3 enter the deep water area under the towing of the bottom-mounted vehicle 1 and the electrode cable 2. After entering the deep water area, the water pressure crushes the mooring buoy 4, the buoyancy at the tail end of the electrode cable 2 decreases, and the detection system moves down as a whole in the water until it reaches the bottom.

[0033] The working principle of this base-mounted electromagnetic detection system is as follows:

[0034] The bottom-mounted vehicle 1 pulls the head end of the electrode cable 2, maintaining its stable attitude and gliding it into deeper water. The damping umbrella 3 is an umbrella-shaped structure with a closed bottom. During operation, the movement of the umbrella bottom is opposite to the water flow, thus hindering the flow. The resistance increases quadratically with the flow velocity, thereby applying a force to the tail end of the electrode cable 2 in the opposite direction to the movement of the detection system, straightening the electrode cable 2. The mooring buoy 4 is made of non-metallic material, and its buoyancy should be greater than the weight of the tail end of the electrode cable 2 and the damping umbrella 3, keeping the tail end in a slightly positive buoyancy state. This reduces the descent speed of the tail end of the electrode cable 2, making it easier to straighten the electrode cable 2. The mooring buoy 4 is designed with weak pressure resistance, so that it has buoyancy to help straighten the electrode cable 2 in shallow water, but can be crushed by water pressure in deep water and lose buoyancy, allowing the electrode cable 2 to be moored and laid flat on the seabed under the traction of the bottom-mounted vehicle 1 and the damping umbrella 3.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] Based on Embodiment 1, the structure of the seated vehicle 1 is further defined.

[0037] The role of the hull-mounted vehicle 1 in the hull-mounted electromagnetic detection system is as follows: (1) a platform for system data acquisition and power supply; (2) a traction device for the head end of the electrode cable when the system enters the water; (3) a carrier for releasing the system's communication buoy; and (4) a hull anchor for the system. To ensure that the electrode cable 2 achieves the required effect after entering the water, the hull-mounted vehicle 1 should meet the requirements of stable attitude and collision avoidance.

[0038] See appendix Figure 2The bottom-mounted vehicle 1 is equipped with a flow-guiding shell 5, which is a streamlined, non-sealed structure that reduces the resistance of the vehicle when gliding in water and protects the internal equipment. At the bottom of the flow-guiding shell 5, there is an anti-collision base 6, which wraps around the bottom of the flow-guiding shell 5 and reduces the impact when the bottom-mounted vehicle 1 collides with the seabed, protecting the vehicle and its internal components. The anti-collision base 6 ensures reliable protection for the vehicle when it is mounted in any posture. Horizontal wings 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the flow-guiding shell 5. The horizontal wings 7 can keep the vehicle stable during gliding and prevent it from flipping over, which would cause the electrode cable 2 to become tangled or knotted. In addition, it can also ensure that the vehicle is mounted in a relatively horizontal posture, preventing the vehicle from capsizing due to an excessive mounting angle.

[0039] The guide shell 5 is equipped with a release buoy group 10, which is used to release communication buoys to communicate with the mother ship; the tail of the guide shell 5 is equipped with a cable connector 9, which is used to connect the rear electrode cable 2; the inside of the guide shell 5 is equipped with a power supply and instrument compartment 8, which is a high-pressure watertight structure, used to supply power to the electrode cable 2 and control related equipment.

[0040] Furthermore, in this example, the anti-collision base 6 is a frame structure composed of multiple rigid metal components; these components are connected by springs. The anti-collision base 6 changes from a fully rigid structure to a semi-rigid structure, which ensures both strength and meets the requirements for shock absorption and impact resistance, allowing the vehicle to reduce the impact intensity with the seabed when it is seated.

[0041] Furthermore, in this example, the cable connector 9 is a slip ring structure. After the electrode cable 2 is connected to the cable connector 9, the electrode cable 2 can rotate relative to the base-mounted vehicle 1, preventing the electrode cable 2 from twisting too much during hoisting or deployment, which could damage the connector.

[0042] Furthermore, in this example, the release buoy group 10 has N built-in communication buoys. The motors inside the release buoy group 10 are controlled to rotate at a certain angle (360° / N) to release the communication buoys in sequence to communicate with the mother ship.

[0043] Example 3:

[0044] Based on Example 1, the deployment method is limited, and the length of electrode cable 2 in this example is 1000 meters.

[0045] See appendix Figure 3 , 4A method for deploying a bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system: First, the main ship arrives at the designated area and stops. Electrode cable 2 is pre-wound onto the towing winch of the main ship. The tail end of electrode cable 2 is connected to the salvage rope 11 and the indicator buoy 12 and then thrown into the water. A small boat is released from the main ship, and the indicator buoy 12 is salvaged by the small boat. The salvage rope 11 is then tied to the small boat. The winch on the main ship is started to slowly release the cable, with the release speed synchronized with the speed of the small boat. The small boat transports the tail end of electrode cable 2 to the auxiliary ship. The salvage rope 11, along with the tail end of electrode cable 2, is retrieved onto the aft deck of the auxiliary ship via the winch on the auxiliary ship. Then, the cable connected to the release device 13 and the first sheath 14 is connected to the winch on the auxiliary ship. Finally, a damping umbrella 3 and a mooring buoy 4 are installed at the tail end of electrode cable 2. The purpose is to ensure that after the system is deployed in the water, the tail electrode cable 2 maintains a reverse tension and slight positive buoyancy, thus keeping the 1000-meter electrode cable 2 relatively straight after sinking to the seabed. When the 1000-meter electrode cable 2 is about to be deployed, the head end of the electrode cable 2 needs to be connected to the cable connector 9 of the base-mounted vehicle 1. At this time, after the electrode cable 2 releases the second sheath 15, the winch stops, and the cable on the second sheath 15 is fixed to a certain place on the aft deck of the main ship; continue to release the electrode cable until it is completely released, and then assemble the head end of the electrode cable 2 onto the cable connector 9 of the base-mounted vehicle 1.

[0046] The release device 16, connected to the main ship's crane, is directly connected to the base-mounted vehicle 1 via a cable. The vehicle 1 is then slowly lifted to apply force, and the cable connecting the second sheath 15 of the electrode cable 2 to the main ship's deck is released. The base-mounted vehicle 1 is then slowly lowered into the water to a certain depth. At this point, the command personnel coordinate to keep the aft decks of the main and auxiliary ships parallel, and use the GPS positioning equipment on both ships to coordinate their movement to a distance of approximately 1000 meters, at which point the electrode cable 2 is about to be taut. The deployment personnel on both ships simultaneously release the first and second release devices 13 and 16 according to instructions, ensuring the entire system is released at the same time, completing the deployment.

[0047] The electromagnetic detection system deployment method described in this example allows the electrode cable to be in a state of near-straightening before entering the water, and then the entire detection system is submerged. This ensures that the electrode cable has a good initial state when it enters the water, avoiding tangling or spinning of the electrode cable due to poor deployment, which would increase the difficulty of operation and adjustment.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A base-mounted electromagnetic detection system, characterized in that, include: Seat-mounted vehicle (1), electrode cable (2), damping umbrella (3), and mooring buoy (4); The hull-mounted vehicle (1) is used to traction the electrode cable (2); The damping umbrella (3) is installed at the tail end of the electrode cable (2). After the electrode cable (2) enters the water, it applies a traction force to the tail end of the electrode cable (2) to keep it straight. The mooring buoy (4) is located at the tail end of the electrode cable (2). The mooring buoy (4) is a non-metallic buoy with low pressure resistance. The buoyancy of the mooring buoy (4) is greater than the weight of the tail end of the electrode cable (2) and the damping umbrella (3), so that the tail end of the electrode cable (2) is in a state of slight positive buoyancy. In shallow water, the mooring buoy (4) applies a pulling force to the tail end of the electrode cable (2). After entering deep water, the water pressure crushes the mooring buoy (4), and the buoyancy of the tail end of the electrode cable (2) decreases.

2. The base-mounted electromagnetic detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ground-based vehicle (1) is equipped with a streamlined airflow-guided outer shell (5).

3. The base-mounted electromagnetic detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The flow guide shell (5) is provided with a release buoy group (10), the flow guide shell (5) is provided with a cable connector (9) at the tail, and the flow guide shell (5) is provided with a power supply and instrument compartment (8) inside.

4. The base-mounted electromagnetic detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An anti-collision base (6) is provided at the bottom of the flow guide housing (5).

5. The base-mounted electromagnetic detection system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Horizontal wings (7) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the flow guide shell (5).

6. The base-mounted electromagnetic detection system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The anti-collision base (6) is a frame structure composed of two or more rigid metal parts; the rigid metal parts are connected by springs.

7. The bottom-mounted electromagnetic detection system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The cable connector (9) is a slip ring structure. After the electrode cable (2) is connected to the cable connector (9), the electrode cable (2) can rotate relative to the base vehicle (1).

8. The base-mounted electromagnetic detection system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The release buoy group (10) has two or more communication buoys built in, and the communication buoys are released by rotation.

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