Optical communication device

Abstract

The present invention provides an optical communication device. The optical communication device includes a plurality of laser sources, a plurality of first meta-lenses, and an optical fiber conductor. The laser source emits a plurality of laser beams in the same direction according to an electrical signal. The laser beams have different wavelengths. The first meta-lens receives the laser beam and refracts the laser beam to a focus in a first substrate to generate a mixed laser beam. The optical fiber conductor receives the mixed laser beam for transmission. The focus is set at the input end of the optical fiber conductor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an optical communication device, and more particularly to an optical communication device with a small size and a meta-lens. Background Art

[0002] In existing optical communication systems, an electro-optical converter converts electrical signals into optical signals of different wavelengths, and an optical multiplexer collects optical signals of different wavelengths and sends the optical signals to optical fiber lines for transmission. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is a method of transmitting optical signals of different wavelengths by utilizing the huge bandwidth of the low-loss region of single-mode optical fiber lines.

[0003] Optical fiber conductors are classified as single-mode or multimode according to the diameter of their inner core. Single-mode optical fiber conductors only allow light signals at a specific wavelength (such as the C band) to propagate in the lowest order mode. The C band has the lowest loss and is the most commonly used band for long-distance digital communications. With the development of semiconductor process technology, how to reduce the size of communication systems (including electro-optical converters and optical multiplexers) has become an important issue. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide an optical communication device to solve at least one of the above problems.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an optical communication device includes a plurality of laser sources, a plurality of first meta-lenses, and an optical fiber conductor. The laser sources emit laser beams in the same direction according to an electrical signal, and the laser beams have different wavelengths. The first meta-lens receives the laser beams and refracts the laser beams to a focus in a first substrate to generate a mixed laser beam. The optical fiber conductor receives the mixed laser beam for transmission. The focus is set at the input end of the optical fiber conductor.

[0006] The optical communication device as described above further includes a plurality of second meta-lenses. The second meta-lenses are disposed between the laser source and the first meta-lens. The second meta-lenses refract the laser beam so that the beam profile of the laser beam changes from an ellipse to a circle.

[0007] As in the above optical communication device, wherein the wavelength of the laser beam is between 1530 nanometers and 1565 nanometers.

[0008] In the optical communication device as mentioned above, the distance between the first metalens and the optical fiber conductor is equal to the thickness of the first substrate.

[0009] In the optical communication device as described above, each of the first metalens and the second metalens includes a plurality of cylinders with different diameters.

[0010] In the optical communication device as described above, the mixed laser beam is transmitted in a single-mode in an optical fiber conductor.

[0011] In the optical communication device as described above, each of the first metalenses is individually designed so that the refraction angle of the laser beam passing through the first metalens can be matched with the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber conductor.

[0012] The optical communication device as described above, further comprising: a third metalens, a grating, and a plurality of fourth metalenses. The third metalens receives a mixed laser beam from an optical fiber conductor and parallelizes the mixed laser beam. The grating disperses the mixed laser beam to restore laser beams of different wavelengths. The fourth metalens receives the laser beam and refracts and focuses the laser beam onto a plurality of second optical fiber conductors. The second optical fiber conductors receive laser beams of different wavelengths, respectively.

[0013] As in the above optical communication device, each of the fourth metalenses is individually designed so that the refraction angle of the laser beam passing through the fourth metalens can be matched with the numerical aperture of the second optical fiber conductor.

[0014] In the above optical communication device, the laser source is a semiconductor laser.

[0015] In the optical communication device as described above, the laser source, the first metalens, and the second metalens are formed on a second substrate. The first metalens and the second metalens are formed on the top surface of a buffer layer, and the buffer layer is between the first and second metalenses and the second substrate.

[0016] In the optical communication device as described above, the thickness of the buffer layer can be adjusted so that the height of the laser source is aligned with the height of the first and second metalenses.

[0017] In the optical communication device as mentioned above, the first substrate includes glass, and the second substrate includes indium phosphide (InP), gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium nitride (GaN), or sapphire.

[0018] In the optical communication device as described above, the first, second and fourth metalenses, the third metalens, and the grating include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, silicon nitride (Si3N4), gallium phosphide (GaP), titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum antimonide (AlSb), aluminum arsenide (AlAs), aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP), boron phosphide (BP), or zinc germanium phosphide (ZnGeP2). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a metalens according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 Cross-section of a metalens.

[0025] Figure 7 Another decoding example of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an optical communication device.

[0026] Figure 8 Another decoding example of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an optical communication device.

[0027] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0028] 100: Optical communication device

[0029] 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, …, 102-n: Laser source

[0030] 104-1,104-2,104-3,…,104-n: Metalens

[0031] 106: Fiber Optic Cable

[0032] 108:Substrate

[0033] 110: Focus

[0034] 120-1, 120-2, 120-3, …, 120-n: Laser beam

[0035] 130-1, 130-2, 130-3, ..., 130-n: Focused laser beam

[0036] X,Z: Direction

[0037] 200: Optical communication device

[0038] 202-1, 202-2, 202-3, ..., 202-n: Laser source

[0039] 204-1,204-2,204-3,…,204-n: Metalens

[0040] 206: Fiber Optic Cable

[0041] 208:Substrate

[0042] 210: Focus

[0043] 214-1,214-2,214-3,…,214-n: Metalens

[0044] 220-1, 220-2, 220-3, …, 220-n: Laser beam

[0045] 230-1, 230-2, 230-3, …, 230-n: Focused laser beam

[0046] 240,250: beam profile

[0047] Y: direction

[0048] 400: Optical communication device

[0049] 402-1, 402-2, 402-3, ..., 402-n: laser source

[0050] 404-1,404-2: Metalens

[0051] 406: Fiber Optic Cable

[0052] 410: Focus

[0053] 414-1,414-2,414-3,…,414-n: Metalens

[0054] 420-1, 420-2, 420-3, …, 420-n: Laser beam

[0055] 500: Optical communication device

[0056] 502-1, 502-2, 502-3, …, 502-n: Laser source

[0057] 504-1,504-2: Metalens

[0058] 506: Fiber Optic Cable

[0059] 510: Focus

[0060] 514-1,514-2,514-3,…,514-n: Metalens

[0061] 520-1, 520-2, 520-3, …, 520-n: Laser beam

[0062] 600,602:Substrate

[0063] 604: Dielectric material

[0064] 700: Metalens

[0065] 702: Grating

[0066] 704-1,704-2,…,704-n: Metalens

[0067] 706-1, 706-2, ..., 706-n: Fiber optic cable

[0068] 710-1, 710-2, ..., 710-n: Laser beam

[0069] λ1,λ2,…,λn: wavelength

[0070] 800: Metalens

[0071] 802: Raster

[0072] 804-1,804-2,…,804-n: Metalens

[0073] 806-1,806-2,…,806-n: Fiber optic cable

[0074] 810-1,810-2,…,810-n: Laser beam DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The present disclosure is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals throughout the drawings indicate similar or identical elements. The above drawings are not depicted according to the actual scale, and they only provide an explanation of the present disclosure. Some embodiments of the invention are described below as references for illustrated exemplary applications. This means that many special details, relationships and methods are described to provide a complete understanding of this invention. In any case, a person with general knowledge in the relevant field will recognize that this invention can still be implemented without one or more special details or with other methods. For other examples, well-known structures or operations are not listed in detail to avoid confusion about this invention. The present disclosure is not limited to the order of the actions or events described, such as some actions may occur in different orders or simultaneously with other actions or events. In addition, not all described actions or events need to be performed in the same method as the existing invention.

[0076] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the optical communication device 100 includes a plurality of laser sources (e.g., laser sources 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, ..., 102-n), a plurality of metalenses (e.g., metalenses 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, ..., 104-n), a substrate 108, and an optical fiber conductor 106. The laser source 102-1 emits a laser beam 120-1 having a wavelength λ1 to the metalens 104-1, the laser source 102-2 emits a laser beam 120-2 having a wavelength λ2 to the metalens 104-2, the laser source 102-3 emits a laser beam 120-3 having a wavelength λ3 to the metalens 104-3, and the laser source 102-n emits a laser beam 120-1 having a wavelength λ1 to the metalens 104-1. n A laser beam 120-n is directed to the meta-lens 104-n. In some embodiments, n is equal to 40, but the invention is not limited thereto. Wavelengths λ1, λ2, λ3, ..., λ n All are within the C band. In other words, wavelengths λ1, λ2, λ3, ..., λ n In some embodiments, the C-band is evenly divided into 40 channels, so that the laser sources 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, ..., 102-n (n=40) can generate laser beams 120-1, 120-2, 120-3, ..., 120-n with different wavelengths in the 40 channels.

[0077] In some embodiments, the laser sources 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, ..., 102-n are semiconductor lasers that emit laser beams of different wavelengths according to different electrical signals. In other words, the laser sources 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, ..., 102-n can convert electrical signals into optical signals (e.g., laser beams). The metalens 104-1 receives the laser beam 120-1 with a wavelength of λ1, and refracts the laser beam 120-1 to form a focused laser beam 130-1 to a focal point 110 in the substrate 108. The metalens 104-2 receives the laser beam 120-2 with a wavelength of λ2, and refracts the laser beam 120-2 to form a focused laser beam 130-2 to a focal point 110 in the substrate 108. The meta-lens 104-3 receives the laser beam 120-3 with a wavelength of λ3 and refracts the laser beam 120-3 to form a focused laser beam 130-3 on a focal point 110 in the substrate 108. Similarly, the meta-lens 104-n receives the laser beam 120-3 with a wavelength of λ3. n The laser beam 120-n is refracted to form a focused laser beam 130-n to a focal point 110 in the substrate 108. In some embodiments, the substrate 108 includes glass, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0078] In some embodiments, each of the metalenses 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, ..., 104-n is individually designed so that the refraction angle of the laser beams 120-1, 120-2, 120-3, ..., 120-n passing through the metalenses 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, ..., 104-n can be matched with the numerical aperture (NA) of the optical fiber 106. A mixed laser beam (not shown) is formed at the focal point 110. In some embodiments, because the focal point 110 is disposed at the input end of the optical fiber 106, the mixed laser beam is transmitted into the optical fiber 106. In some embodiments, the distance between the metalenses 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, ..., 104-n and the optical fiber 106 is equal to the thickness of the substrate 108.

[0079] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the laser sources 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, ..., 102-n and the meta-lenses 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, ..., 104-n are arranged along the X direction. However, the laser sources 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, ..., 102-n and the meta-lenses 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, ..., 104-n may also be arranged along both the X direction and the Y direction. In other words, the laser sources and the meta-lenses are arranged in a three-dimensional (3D) configuration.

[0080] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the optical communication device 200 includes a plurality of laser sources (e.g., laser sources 202-1, 202-2, 202-3, ..., 202-n), a plurality of first metalenses (e.g., metalenses 204-1, 204-2, 204-3, ..., 204-n), a plurality of second metalenses (e.g., metalenses 214-1, 214-2, 214-3, ..., 214-n), a substrate 208, and an optical fiber conductor 206. The laser source 202-1 emits a laser beam 220-1 with a wavelength λ1 to the metalens 214-1, the laser source 202-2 emits a laser beam 220-2 with a wavelength λ2 to the metalens 214-2, the laser source 202-3 emits a laser beam 220-3 with a wavelength λ3 to the metalens 214-3, and the laser source 202-n emits a laser beam 220-4 with a wavelength λ4 to the metalens 214-4. n In some embodiments, n is equal to 40.

[0081] In some embodiments, the metalenses 214-1, 214-2, 214-3, ..., 214-n are disposed between the laser sources 202-1, 202-2, 202-3, ..., 202-n and the metalenses 204-1, 204-2, 204-3, ..., 204-n. The metalens 214-1 receives and refracts the laser beam 220-1 having a wavelength of λ1, such that the beam profile of the laser beam 220-1 changes from an ellipse to a circle (e.g., from the beam profile 240 to the beam profile 250). Similarly, the metalens 214-2 receives and refracts the laser beam 220-2 having a wavelength of λ2, such that the beam profile of the laser beam 220-2 changes from an ellipse to a circle. The metalens 214-3 receives and refracts the laser beam 220-3 having a wavelength of λ3, such that the beam profile of the laser beam 220-3 changes from an ellipse to a circle. The meta-lens 214-n receives and refracts the wavelength λ n The laser beam 220-n is changed from an elliptical shape to a circular shape.

[0082] Then, the metalens 204-1 refracts the laser beam 220-1 to form a focused laser beam 230-1 on a focal point 210 in the substrate 208. Similarly, the metalens 204-2 refracts the laser beam 220-2 to form a focused laser beam 230-2 on the focal point 210 in the substrate 208. The metalens 204-3 refracts the laser beam 220-3 to form a focused laser beam 230-3 on the focal point 210 in the substrate 208. The metalens 204-n refracts the laser beam 220-n to form a focused laser beam 230-n on the focal point 210 in the substrate 208. Figure 1 Since the focus 210 is disposed at the input end of the optical fiber conductor 206 , the mixed laser beam is transmitted into the optical fiber conductor 206 .

[0083] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metalens (eg, metalens 104 - 1 ) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, each of the metalenses 104-1, 104-2, 104-3, ..., 104-n, 204-1, 204-2, 204-3, ..., 204-n, 214-1, 214-2, 214-3, ..., 214-n includes a plurality of cylinders with different diameters. The cylinders are arranged irregularly along the X direction and the Y direction. For example, Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, the cylinders are arranged in a radial pattern. The diameter and arrangement of the cylinders can be adjusted to fine-tune the refraction angle of the laser beam. Each cylinder includes single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, silicon nitride (Si3N4), gallium phosphide (GaP), titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum antimonide (AlSb), aluminum arsenide (AlAs), aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP), boron phosphide (BP), or zinc germanium phosphide (ZnGeP2), or a combination thereof.

[0084] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an optical communication device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The optical communication device 400 includes a plurality of laser sources (e.g., laser sources 402-1, 402-2, 402-3, ..., 402-n), a plurality of first meta-lenses (e.g., meta-lenses 404-1, 404-2), and a plurality of second meta-lenses (e.g., meta-lenses 414-1, 414-2, 414-3, ..., 414-n). In some embodiments, the laser sources 402-1, 402-2, 402-3, ..., 402-n, the meta-lenses 404-1, 404-2, and the meta-lenses 414-1, 414-2, 414-3, ..., 414-n are all formed on a common substrate (not shown) by semiconductor processes. In other words, Figure 4is a top view of the optical communication device 400 .

[0085] The laser source 402-1 emits a laser beam 420-1 with a wavelength of λ1 to the metalens 414-1. The metalens 414-1 receives and refracts the laser beam 420-1, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 420-1 changes from an ellipse to a circle. Similarly, the laser source 402-2 emits a laser beam 420-2 with a wavelength of λ2 to the metalens 414-2. The metalens 414-2 receives and refracts the laser beam 420-2, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 420-2 changes from an ellipse to a circle. The laser source 402-3 emits a laser beam 420-3 with a wavelength of λ3 to the metalens 414-3. The metalens 414-3 receives and reflects the laser beam 420-3, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 420-3 changes from an ellipse to a circle. The laser source 402-n emits a laser beam 420-4 with a wavelength of λ4 to the metalens 414-3. n A laser beam 420-n is transmitted to the metalens 414-n. The metalens 414-n receives and refracts the laser beam 420-n, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 420-n changes from an ellipse to a circle. Afterwards, the laser beams 420-1, 420-2, 420-3, ..., 420-n propagate to the metalenses 404-1 and 404-2 for focusing, so that the laser beams 420-1, 420-2, 420-3, ..., 420-n are all refracted to a focus 410 to form a mixed laser beam. The focus 410 is set at the input end of the optical fiber conductor 406, so that the mixed laser beam can be transmitted into the optical fiber conductor 406.

[0086] In some embodiments, the laser sources 402-1, 402-2, 402-3, ..., 402-n and the metalenses 414-1, 414-2, 414-3, ..., 414-n are arranged along the Y direction. In some embodiments, each of the metalenses 414-1, 414-2, 414-3, ..., 414-n, 404-1, 404-2 includes a plurality of cuboids arranged along the Y direction. The distance between the cuboids and the length and width of each cuboid can be adjusted to fine-tune the refraction angle of the laser beam and the beam profile of the laser beam.

[0087] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication device 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5As shown, the optical communication device 500 includes a plurality of laser sources (e.g., laser sources 502-1, 502-2, 502-3, ..., 502-n), a plurality of first meta-lenses (e.g., meta-lenses 504-1, 504-2), and a plurality of second meta-lenses (e.g., meta-lenses 514-1, 514-2, 514-3, ..., 514-n). In some embodiments, the laser sources 502-1, 502-2, 502-3, ..., 502-n, the meta-lenses 504-1, 504-2, and the meta-lenses 514-1, 514-2, 514-3, ..., 514-n are formed on a common substrate (not shown) by semiconductor processes. That is, Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a top view of the optical communication device 500 .

[0088] Similar to Figure 4 , the laser source 502-1 emits a laser beam 520-1 with a wavelength of λ1 to the metalens 514-1, and the metalens 514-1 receives and refracts the laser beam 520-1, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 520-1 changes from an ellipse to a circle. Similarly, the laser source 502-2 emits a laser beam 520-2 with a wavelength of λ2 to the metalens 514-2, and the metalens 514-2 receives and refracts the laser beam 520-2, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 520-2 changes from an ellipse to a circle. The laser source 502-3 emits a laser beam 520-3 with a wavelength of λ3 to the metalens 514-3, and the metalens 514-3 receives and refracts the laser beam 520-3, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 520-3 changes from an ellipse to a circle. The laser source 502-n emits a laser beam 520-1 with a wavelength of λ2 to the metalens 514-2, and the metalens 514-3 receives and refracts the laser beam 520-3, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 520-3 changes from an ellipse to a circle. n A laser beam 520-n is transmitted to the metalens 514-n, and the metalens 514-n receives and refracts the laser beam 520-n, so that the beam profile of the laser beam 520-n changes from an ellipse to a circle. Afterwards, the laser beams 520-1, 520-2, 520-3, ..., 520-n propagate to the metalenses 504-1 and 504-2 for focusing, so that the laser beams 520-1, 520-2, 520-3, ..., 520-n are all refracted to a focus 510 to form a mixed laser beam. The focus 510 is set at the input end of the optical fiber conductor 506, so that the mixed laser beam can be transmitted into the optical fiber conductor 506.

[0089] In some embodiments, the laser sources 502-1, 502-2, 502-3, ..., 502-n and the metalenses 514-1, 514-2, 514-3, ..., 514-n are arranged along the Y direction. In some embodiments, each of the metalenses 514-1, 514-2, 514-3, ..., 514-n, 504-1, 504-2 includes a plurality of cylinders arranged along the Y direction. The distance between the cylinders and the diameter of each cylinder can be adjusted to fine-tune the refraction angle of the laser beam and the beam profile of the laser beam.

[0090] Figure 6 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the meta-lens. Figure 6 As shown, the metalens 414-1 is formed on a substrate 600 (e.g., a common substrate) and a substrate 602. The substrate 602 is a buffer layer located between the metalens 414-1 and the substrate 600. In detail, the metalens 414-1 is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 602. A dielectric material 604 may be filled on the metalens 414-1 to protect the rectangular structure of the metalens. In some embodiments, the interface material 604 is a polymer. In some embodiments, the interface material 604 may also be air. The thickness of the substrate 602 may be adjusted so that the height of the laser source 402-1 may be aligned with the height of the metalens 414-1. In some embodiments, the substrate 600 includes indium phosphide (InP), gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium nitride (GaN), or sapphire, or a combination thereof.

[0091] Figure 7 Another decoding example of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 The optical communication device 100 (or Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an optical communication device 200). Figure 7 As shown, the optical communication device 100 (or Figure 2 The optical communication device 200 further includes a metalens 700, a grating 702, a plurality of metalenses (e.g., metalenses 704-1, 704-2, ..., 704-n), and a plurality of optical fiber conductors (e.g., optical fiber conductors 706-1, 706-2, ..., 706-n). The mixed laser beam is transmitted from the optical fiber conductor 106 (or the optical fiber conductor 206) to the metalens 700. The metalens 700 parallelizes the mixed laser beam from the optical fiber conductor 106. Thereafter, the grating 702 disperses the mixed laser beam to form a laser beam 710-1 with a wavelength λ1, a laser beam 710-2 with a wavelength λ2, ..., and a laser beam 710-3 with a wavelength λ4. n In some embodiments, n is equal to 40, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0092] Metalens 704-1 receives a laser beam 710-1 having a wavelength of λ1, and refracts and focuses the laser beam 710-1 onto an optical fiber conductor 706-1. Metalens 704-2 receives a laser beam 710-2 having a wavelength of λ2, and refracts and focuses the laser beam 710-2 onto an optical fiber conductor 706-2. Metalens 704-n receives a laser beam 710-2 having a wavelength of λ n 706-n, and refract and focus the laser beam 710-n onto the optical fiber conductor 706-n. In some embodiments, each of the metalenses 700, 704-1, 704-2, ..., 704-n includes a plurality of cylinders having different diameters. The cylinders are irregularly arranged along the X-direction and the Y-direction. In some embodiments, the grating 702 also includes a plurality of cylinders having different diameters. However, the cylinders of the grating 702 are regularly arranged along the X-direction and the Y-direction. In some embodiments, the numerical aperture (NA) of the metalens 700 should be consistent with the WG mode (LP 01 The distance between the cylinders and the diameter of each cylinder can be adjusted to fine-tune the refraction angle of the laser beam.

[0093] Figure 8 Another decoding example of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an optical communication device 400. Figure 8 As shown, the optical communication device 400 further includes a metalens 800, a grating 802, a plurality of metalenses (e.g., metalenses 804-1, 804-2, ..., 804-n), and a plurality of optical fiber conductors (e.g., optical fiber conductors 806-1, 806-2, ..., 806-n). In some embodiments, the metalens 800, the grating 802, and the metalenses 804-1, 804-2, ..., 804-n are formed on a common substrate (not shown) by a semiconductor process. The mixed laser beam is transmitted from the optical fiber conductor 406 to the metalens 800. Similarly, the metalens 800 parallelizes the mixed laser beam from the optical fiber conductor 406. Thereafter, the grating 802 disperses the mixed laser beam to form a laser beam 810-1 with a wavelength λ1, a laser beam 810-2 with a wavelength λ2, ..., and a laser beam 810-3 with a wavelength λ4. n A laser beam 810-n.

[0094] Metalens 804-1 receives a laser beam 810-1 having a wavelength of λ1, and refracts and focuses the laser beam 810-1 onto an optical fiber conductor 806-1. Metalens 804-2 receives a laser beam 810-2 having a wavelength of λ2, and refracts and focuses the laser beam 810-2 onto an optical fiber conductor 806-2. Metalens 804-n receives a laser beam 810-2 having a wavelength of λ nThe laser beam 810-n is refracted and focused to the optical fiber conductor 806-n. In some embodiments, each of the meta-lenses 800, 804-1, 804-2, ..., 804-n includes a plurality of cuboids. The cuboids are arranged irregularly along the Y direction. The grating 802 also includes a plurality of cuboids. However, the cuboids within the grating 802 are arranged regularly along the Y direction. The distance between the cuboids and the length and width of each cuboid can be adjusted to fine-tune the refraction angle of the laser beam.

[0095] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 Laser source and metalens in Figure 8 The laser source, metalens, and grating in the optical communication system can be built into an integrated circuit (such as a chip or a system-on-chip (SoC)), so that each laser source can be easily and accurately aligned with the metalens, and the size of the optical communication system can be reduced.

[0096] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood that what is presented above is only an example, not a limitation. Many changes to the above exemplary embodiments can be implemented without violating the spirit and scope of the invention according to this embodiment. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiments described above. More specifically, the scope of the present invention should be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

[0097] Although the above invention has been illustrated and described with reference to one or more related implementations, equivalent changes and modifications will occur to others familiar with the art based on the above specification and drawings. In addition, although a particular feature of an embodiment of the present invention has been demonstrated with reference to one of the multiple implementations, the feature may be combined with one or more other features as may be desirable and useful for any known or particular application.

[0098] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical or scientific terms) used herein are generally understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which the above invention belongs. We should further understand that the above terms, as defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having the same meaning in the context of the relevant technology. Unless explicitly defined herein, the above terms are not to be interpreted as idealized or overly formal.

Claims

1. An optical communication device, comprising: A plurality of laser sources emit a plurality of laser beams in the same direction according to an electrical signal; wherein the plurality of laser beams have different wavelengths; A plurality of first meta-lenses receive the plurality of laser beams and refract the plurality of laser beams to a focus in a first substrate to generate a mixed laser beam; An optical fiber conductor receives the mixed laser beam for transmission; wherein the focus is set at the input end of the optical fiber conductor; A plurality of second meta-lenses are disposed between the plurality of laser sources and the plurality of first meta-lenses; wherein the plurality of second meta-lenses refract the plurality of laser beams so that the beam profiles of the plurality of laser beams change from elliptical to circular.

2. The optical communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The wavelengths of the multiple laser beams are between 1530 nanometers and 1565 nanometers.

3. The optical communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The distance between the first meta-lenses and the optical fiber conductor is equal to the thickness of the first substrate.

4. The optical communication device according to claim 2, wherein: Each of the plurality of first metalenses and the plurality of second metalenses includes a plurality of cylinders having different diameters.

5. The optical communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The mixed laser beam is transmitted in the optical fiber conductor in single mode.

6. The optical communication device according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the plurality of first metalenses is individually designed so that the refraction angle of the plurality of laser beams passing through the plurality of first metalenses can be matched with the numerical aperture of the optical fiber conductor.

7. The optical communication device according to claim 1, further comprising: a third metalens receiving the mixed laser beam from the optical fiber conductor and parallelizing the mixed laser beam; a grating for dispersing the mixed laser beam to restore a plurality of laser beams of different wavelengths; A plurality of fourth meta-lenses receives the plurality of laser beams, and refracts and focuses the plurality of laser beams to a plurality of second optical fiber conductors; wherein the plurality of second optical fiber conductors respectively receive the plurality of laser beams with different wavelengths.

8. The optical communication device of claim 7, wherein each of the plurality of fourth metalenses is individually designed so that a refraction angle of the plurality of laser beams passing through the plurality of fourth metalenses can be matched with a numerical aperture of the plurality of second optical fiber conductors.

9. The optical communication device according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of laser sources are semiconductor lasers.

10. The optical communication device according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of the laser sources, a plurality of the first meta-lenses, and a plurality of the second meta-lenses are formed on a second substrate; a plurality of the first meta-lenses and a plurality of the second meta-lenses are formed on a top surface of a buffer layer, and the buffer layer is between the plurality of the first and second meta-lenses and the second substrate.

11. The optical communication device according to claim 10, wherein: The thickness of the buffer layer can be adjusted so that the heights of the plurality of laser sources are aligned with the heights of the first and second metalenses.

12. The optical communication device according to claim 10, wherein: The first substrate includes glass, and the second substrate includes indium phosphide, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, or sapphire.

13. The optical communication device according to claim 7, wherein: The first, second and fourth metalenses, the third metalens, and the grating include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, silicon nitride, gallium phosphide, titanium dioxide, aluminum antimonide, aluminum arsenide, aluminum gallium arsenide, aluminum gallium indium phosphide, boron phosphide, or zinc germanium phosphide.

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