A new 3D model and rendering method constructed from a single medical image

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel three-dimensional model and rendering method constructed by a single medical image, and relates to the field of medical imaging technology. The present invention comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining a single medical image data, reading the Tag image data in DICOM, and constructing the xy plane of the model of the three-dimensional space; (2) mapping the image pixel sequence number in DICOM to the (x, y) coordinates of the three-dimensional space model; (3) quantizing the medical image data, constructing the three-dimensional model, and obtaining the three-dimensional coordinate point (x, y, z); (4) calculating the CT value of the (x, y) coordinate as the z value according to the Tag gray value; (5) rendering the three-dimensional model and coloring the z value at the same time. The in-depth study of the present invention on medical imaging is to deeply explore the imaging display effect on the basis of an image, with the purpose of amplifying the presentation of detail levels and improving the probability of early diagnosis and discovery of diseases; providing a high and low fluctuation mode to display the CT value and improve the efficiency of doctors' diagnosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical imaging technology, and in particular to a novel three-dimensional model constructed through a single medical image and a rendering method. Background Art

[0002] Medical imaging refers to the use of medical imaging systems to obtain images of the internal tissues of the human body or a part of the human body in a non-invasive manner for medical treatment or medical research. It exists in the form of digital images inside electronic devices (computers, medical imaging devices, storage devices).

[0003] At present, most of the medical images obtained in the diagnosis and treatment in hospitals are two-dimensional plane images. It is difficult for doctors to intuitively discover extremely subtle changes during the diagnosis process, resulting in some diseases not being screened out in the early stages. The three-dimensional model of the human body space is partially constructed through a complete scanning sequence of dozens or hundreds of images. The construction of the model is labor-intensive and requires a large amount of medical images as support, which reduces the doctor's diagnostic efficiency. At the same time, it cannot display the changes in CT more intuitively, which brings inconvenience to the doctor's diagnosis. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. The present invention provides a new three-dimensional model constructed by a single medical image and a rendering method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A novel three-dimensional model and rendering method constructed by a single medical image comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) Obtain a single medical image data, read the tag image data in DICOM, and construct the xy plane of the three-dimensional space model;

[0008] (2) Map the image pixel numbers in DICOM to the (x, y) coordinates of the three-dimensional space model;

[0009] (3) Quantify the medical imaging data, construct a three-dimensional model, and obtain three-dimensional coordinate points (x, y, z);

[0010] (4) Calculate the CT value of the (x, y) coordinate as the z value according to the tag gray value;

[0011] (5) Render the three-dimensional model and color the z value;

[0012] (6) Using a computer to display the rendered three-dimensional model.

[0013] Furthermore, in the step (1), the width pixel_w and height pixel_h of the Tag image data in DICOM are read, wherein:

[0014] The width pixel_w of the Tag image data in DICOM is the value of Tag (0028, 0010);

[0015] The height pixel_h of the Tag image data in DICOM is the value of Tag (0028, 0011);

[0016] Let pixel_w be plane x and pixel_h be plane y.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (2), the method for obtaining the (x, y) coordinates of the three-dimensional space model is as follows:

[0018] ①Read the image pixel tag value in DICOM;

[0019] ②Substitute the pixel number into the formula to obtain the (x, y) coordinate value;

[0020] ③ The calculation formula of the x coordinate value is: x = pixel%pixel_w, plxel is the i-th pixel, and % is the modulus operator;

[0021] ④ The calculation formula for the y coordinate value is: y=floor(pixel / pixel_h), plxel is the i-th pixel, / is the division operator, and floor is the integer function.

[0022] Furthermore, in step (4), the calculation formula of the CT value is as follows:

[0023] Hu=pixel*slope+intercept,where:

[0024] Hu is the CT value of the i-th pixel;

[0025] pixel is the gray value of the i-th pixel;

[0026] Slope is the data value of the DICOM tag (0028, 1053);

[0027] intercept is the data value of the DICOM tag (0028, 1052).

[0028] Furthermore, in step (5), the three-dimensional model may be rendered as point clusters, grids, and surfaces.

[0029] Furthermore, in step (5), the z value coloring method is as follows:

[0030] ① Get the maxz, minz and current z value in the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z);

[0031] ②Customize two colors to represent the minimum z value and the maximum z value respectively (color1, color2);

[0032] ③Substitute into the calculation formula: color=(z–minz) / maxz*(color2–color1)+color1;

[0033] ④ Obtain the coloring of the current z value according to the above calculation formula.

[0034] Furthermore, when coloring the z value, it needs to be height-scaled, wherein the height-scaling formula is: z′=z*scale.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] 1. The in-depth study of medical images in the present invention is to deeply explore the imaging display effect based on an image, with the aim of amplifying the presentation of detail levels and improving the probability of early diagnosis of diseases; providing a high and low fluctuation mode to display CT values ​​and improve the efficiency of doctors' diagnosis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of modeling and rendering of three-dimensional space model of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a DICOM digital imaging image data reading diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional space coordinate system and xy plane diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 is a quantized image model diagram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a quantized image model and a corresponding image schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a grid rendering effect diagram of the novel three-dimensional space model of medical imaging of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a planar rendering effect diagram of the novel three-dimensional space model of medical imaging of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a body shape rendering effect diagram of the novel three-dimensional space model of medical imaging of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is an application effect diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] DICOM refers to the Digital Imaging in Medicine protocol, which is a set of universal standard protocols for medical image processing, storage, printing and transmission. It includes the definition of file formats and network communication protocols. DICOM is an application protocol based on TCP / IP, and uses TCP / IP to connect various systems. Two medical instruments that can accept DICOM format can receive and exchange images and patient information through DICOM format files.

[0048] The present invention is an in-depth study of medical imaging. It deeply explores the imaging display effect based on a medical image, with the aim of amplifying the presentation of detail levels and improving the probability of early diagnosis of diseases. It provides a "high and low fluctuation" method to display CT values, thereby improving the doctor's diagnostic efficiency, speeding up the reading of films, and forming a three-dimensional model and coloring the model for the doctor to intuitively understand the changes in CT values.

[0049] The contents of the present invention are briefly summarized here. The technical means of the present invention refers to a new three-dimensional space model of medical images constructed by a single medical digital image, that is, the x and y axes of the two-dimensional medical image are used as the x and y axes of the three-dimensional space model, and the CT image value of the point (x, y) is calculated as the elevation (z) of the three-dimensional space model to construct a three-dimensional space medical image model. When the three-dimensional space model is rendered, the elevation value is supplemented with a progressively changing color to make it present a dark and abrupt part of the human tissue, which is used to quickly find out the disease.

[0050] In order to facilitate a full understanding of the contents of the scheme of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention is further described in detail below.

[0051] like Figure 1-9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a novel three-dimensional model and rendering method constructed by a single medical image, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (1)According to the DICOM protocol, obtain a single medical image data and read the Tag image data in DICOM, such as Figure 2As shown, the xy plane of the three-dimensional space model is constructed, wherein the width pixel_w and height pixel_h of the Tag image data in DICOM are read, pixel_w is used as the plane x coordinate, pixel_h is used as the plane y coordinate, and the width pixel_w is the value of Tag (0028, 0010) in the Tag image data in DICOM, and the height pixel_h is the value of Tag (0028, 0011) in the Tag image data in DICOM; the overall structure of the DICOM file is a 128-byte preamble (without actual information), followed by The "DICM" string consists of four bytes, followed by several DataElement elements arranged in sequence until the end of the file; the DataElement Tag is used to identify the data content of the Element, such as patient information, image format, etc. Common group numbers are: 0002 describes device communication, 0008 describes feature parameters, 0010 describes patient information, and 0028 describes image information parameters; Tag (0028, 0011) refers to the total number of columns and column resolution of the image; Tag (0028, 0010) refers to the total number of rows and row resolution of the image;

[0053] (2) Map the image pixel numbers in DICOM to the (x, y) coordinates of the three-dimensional space model. The method for obtaining the (x, y) coordinates of the three-dimensional space model is as follows:

[0054] ①Read the image pixel tag value (grayscale value) in DICOM;

[0055] ②Substitute the pixel number into the formula to obtain the (x, y) coordinate value;

[0056] ③ The calculation formula of the x coordinate value is: x = pixel%pixel_w, plxel is the i-th pixel, and % is the modulus operator;

[0057] ④ The calculation formula for the y coordinate value is: y=floor(pixel / pixel_h), plxel is the i-th pixel, / is the division operator, and floor is the integer function.

[0058] (3) Quantitative processing of medical imaging data, such as Figure 4 As shown, a three-dimensional model is constructed to obtain three-dimensional coordinate points (x, y, z);

[0059] (4) Calculate the CT value of the (x, y) coordinate as the z value according to the gray value of the tag. In step (4), the calculation formula of the CT value is as follows:

[0060] Hu=pixel*slope+intercept,where:

[0061] Hu is the CT value of the i-th pixel;

[0062] pixel is the gray value of the i-th pixel;

[0063] Slope is the data value of the DICOM tag (0028, 1053);

[0064] intercept is the data value of the DICOM tag (0028, 1052);

[0065] (5) Render the 3D model and color the z value at the same time, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, in step (5), the three-dimensional model can be rendered as point clusters, grids, and surfaces, and the z-value coloring method is as follows:

[0066] ① Get the maxz, minz and current z value in the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z);

[0067] ②Customize two colors to represent the minimum z value and the maximum z value respectively (color1, color2);

[0068] ③Substitute into the calculation formula: color=(z–minz) / maxz*(color2–color1)+color1;

[0069] ④According to the above calculation formula, the coloring of the current z value is obtained;

[0070] When coloring the z value, it needs to be scaled in elevation, where the elevation scaling formula is: z′=z*scale.

[0071] (6) Using a computer to display the rendered three-dimensional model, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0072] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A novel three-dimensional model rendering method constructed from a single medical image, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Obtain a single medical image data, read the tag image data in DICOM, and construct the xy plane of the three-dimensional space model; In the step (1), the width pixel_w and height pixel_h of the Tag image data in DICOM are read, where: The width pixel_w of the Tag image data in DICOM is the value of Tag (0028, 0010); The height pixel_h of the Tag image data in DICOM is the value of Tag (0028, 0011); Let pixel_w be plane x and pixel_h be plane y; (2) Map the image pixel numbers in DICOM to the (x, y) coordinates of the three-dimensional space model; In step (2), the method for obtaining the (x, y) coordinates of the three-dimensional space model is as follows: ①Read the image pixel tag value in DICOM; ②Substitute the pixel number into the formula to obtain the (x, y) coordinate value; ③ The calculation formula of the x coordinate value is: x = pixel%pixel_w, plxel is the i-th pixel, and % is the modulus operator; ④ The calculation formula of the y coordinate value is: y = floor (pixel / pixel_h), plxel is the i-th pixel, / is the division operator, and floor is the integer function; (3) Quantify the medical imaging data, construct a three-dimensional model, and obtain three-dimensional coordinate points (x, y, z); (4) Calculate the CT value of the (x, y) coordinate as the z value according to the tag gray value; In the step (4), the calculation formula of the CT value is as follows: Hu=pixel*slope+intercept,where: Hu is the CT value of the i-th pixel; pixel is the gray value of the i-th pixel; Slope is the data value of the DICOM tag (0028, 1053); intercept is the data value of the DICOM tag (0028, 1052); (5) Render the three-dimensional model and color the z value; (6) Using a computer to display the rendered three-dimensional model.

2. The novel three-dimensional model rendering method constructed by a single medical image according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the three-dimensional model can be rendered as point clusters, grids and surfaces.

3. The novel three-dimensional model rendering method constructed by a single medical image according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the z value coloring method is as follows: ① Get the maxz, minz and current z value in the three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z); ② Customize two colors to represent the minimum z value and the maximum z value (color1, color2); ③Substitute into the calculation formula: color=(z–minz) / maxz*(color2– color1)+color1; ④ Obtain the coloring of the current z value according to the above calculation formula.

4. The novel three-dimensional model rendering method constructed by a single medical image according to claim 3, characterized in that: When coloring the z value, it needs to be scaled in elevation, where the elevation scaling formula is: z′=z*scale.

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