Prefabricated staircase and production and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prefabricated staircase and a production and construction method thereof, belonging to the field of prefabricated staircases, and the production and construction method comprises the following steps: bottom mold assembly: the bottom mold is assembled into a standard riser height and tread height of a stone material, and the riser height reserves the thickness of the stone material; stone material installation: a waterproof interface agent is applied to the back of the stone material, anchor holes are drilled on the stone material and filled with adhesive in the anchor holes, claw nails are fixed to the anchor holes of the stone material, a filling hole is formed between the claw nails and the back of the stone material, and then the front of the stone material is positioned at the tread and riser positions corresponding to the bottom mold, and the joints that appear are waterproof and sealed; steel cage installation: the steel cage is hoisted onto the bottom mold; side mold assembly; concrete pouring; the prefabricated staircase comprises a staircase body, stone material and a steel cage. The prefabricated staircase and the production and construction method thereof of the present invention enable the stone material to be firmly connected to the staircase body, have good integrity, good waterproofness, strong environmental applicability, are easy to install on site, and have little impact on the installation environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of prefabricated stairs, and in particular to a production and construction method of prefabricated stairs. Background Art

[0002] Outdoor stairways are often required in urban parks, and most parks are located near residential areas or on mountains in cities; outdoor stairways need to be paved with stone decoration after construction; cast-in-place stairways not only need to occupy a large construction area in the construction site, wasting a lot of supporting materials and a large number of templates, but also need to set up a large area of ​​steel processing and production area, material stacking area, mortar mixing area and other sites on the construction site. In the residential area or suburban mountain environment of urban park construction, the support system needs to be dismantled after the concrete solidifies, causing a large amount of construction waste; moreover, in the case of landscape stairways with limited space or slopes, the pouring of concrete is complicated, the construction period is long, and there are many safety hazards, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of safe and civilized construction. At the same time, in the environment of limited construction sites and dense surrounding buildings in cities, the realization of such large-scale demolition and construction is contrary to the direction of urban transformation. Therefore, prefabricated stairs are widely used in relevant park construction projects.

[0003] The existing method of installing stone on prefabricated stairs: conventional prefabricated stairs are made by prefabricating the stair risers and treads with a reserved rough surface, and after the installation is completed, thin stones or tiles are laid with cement mortar.

[0004] When implementing the technical solution of the present invention, the inventors found that the existing prefabricated stairs and their production and construction methods have the following technical problems:

[0005] The existing installation method of prefabricated staircase stone makes the integrity of the stone and the prefabricated staircase poor, and the waterproof sealing is poor. The stone and the prefabricated staircase are easy to fall off during use due to insufficient connection strength; when it comes to paving thick stone, the stone is heavy, manual paving is slow, and the paving effect is poor. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0007] The present invention provides a method for producing and constructing prefabricated stairs, which at least solves the problem that the existing stone and prefabricated stairs are easy to fall off during use due to insufficient connection strength; in particular, it relates to the paving of thick stone, large on-site cutting loss and waste, heavy stone weight, slow manual paving and poor paving effect.

[0008] (II) Technical solution

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for producing and constructing a prefabricated staircase comprises the following steps:

[0011] Bottom formwork assembly: The bottom formwork is assembled into the standard riser height and tread height of the stone. The riser height reserves the stone thickness;

[0012] Stone installation: Apply waterproof interface agent on the back of the stone, drill anchor holes on the stone and fill the anchor holes with adhesive, fix the claws on the anchor holes of the stone to form a filling hole between the claws and the back of the stone, then position the front of the stone at the tread and riser positions corresponding to the bottom mold, and waterproof and seal the joints that appear;

[0013] Installation of steel cage: hoist the steel cage onto the bottom formwork;

[0014] Side mold assembly, the side mold is assembled with the bottom mold into an integrated mold and forms a casting cavity;

[0015] Pouring concrete: pour concrete into the pouring cavity, the concrete fills the filling hole and bonds to the back of the stone so that the stone and concrete form an integrated structure;

[0016] Maintenance: After the concrete is poured, the prefabricated stairs and the mold are covered with a film for steam curing or natural curing;

[0017] Demoulding and flipping: After the prefabricated stairs have been cured to the demolding strength, the side moulds are removed, the bottom moulds are lifted and removed, and then the prefabricated stairs are flipped to the front.

[0018] It is further configured that the angle between the anchor hole and the back side of the stone is 30-60 degrees, the claw nail is an integrally formed part and includes an embedded section fixed in the anchor hole and a connecting section connected between the embedded sections, the embedded section has a length of 15-25 mm and a thickness of 4-8 mm, and an adhesive is filled between the anchor hole, the connecting section and the back side of the stone form the filling hole, the filling hole is 30-50 mm away from the back side of the stone, the angle between the connecting section and the embedded section is 80-100 degrees, the connecting section is a tapered structure in the direction away from the back side of the stone and an arc section is provided in the middle portion which is concave toward the back side of the stone, and the claw nails are arranged in a plum blossom shape along the back side of the stone.

[0019] With this arrangement, the claw nail structure has higher strength than ordinary connection points and hooks, the connection between stone and concrete is more secure and the fit is tighter, making it less likely for the stone to fall off the prefabricated stairs.

[0020] It is further arranged that in the stone installation step, after the front face of the stone is positioned at the tread and riser positions corresponding to the bottom mold, strip holes are formed between the stones at the tread and riser positions, and pads are filled in the strip holes to limit the position of the stone.

[0021] With this arrangement, the strip holes formed between the stones are supported and filled by the pads, which prevents the riser stones from being directly exposed on the back of the prefabricated stairs, while also improving the cushioning and earthquake-resistant effects of the stones.

[0022] It is further arranged that the side form assembly includes: assembling corresponding side forms, locking the assembly parts, and sealing the joints that appear with glue, and positioning and installing the drainage components and embedded bolt sleeves or hanging nails as the subsequent lifting points for demolding and flipping mechanism components according to the reserved holes of the mold and the requirements of the in-depth design.

[0023] In this way, the lifting points are set according to the requirements of balanced lifting force, and lifting bolt sleeves or lifting nails are embedded in advance. As long as it is within the coverage range of the lifting arm of the lifting device, the component can be lifted to the designated installation position. The installation progress is fast, the construction process is simple, and the terrain restrictions are low.

[0024] It is further arranged that the steel cage installation includes anchor steel bars exposed from the prefabricated stairs formed by the steel cage at both ends of the prefabricated stairs, the anchor steel bars are parallel to the prefabricated stair treads and anchor plates are arranged at the ends.

[0025] In this way, a steel bar connection post-cast section is set at the connection between the prefabricated stairs and the column node. The prefabricated stairs are connected to the column reinforcement by extending the anchor steel bars of sufficient length into the post-cast section. Compared with the existing prefabricated stairs connected by hinges, the operation of manually connecting the hinge holes when hoisting the prefabricated stairs is eliminated, which is more convenient to install.

[0026] Further configuration includes component installation, which includes: after the prefabricated stairs are produced, they are transported to the site and hoisted to the corresponding column node connection, the anchor steel bars of the prefabricated stairs are extended into the post-cast section and connected to the column bars, the anchor steel bars of adjacent prefabricated stairs are overlapped in place, and after the prefabricated stairs are hoisted into place, the molds are sealed and the post-cast connection node positions are connected.

[0027] Compared with the existing prefabricated stairs connected by hinged joints, the overlapping of anchored steel bars and the post-poured concrete connection make the connection between components more integrated and waterproof, and can achieve the same effect as cast-in-place.

[0028] It is further arranged that after pouring the concrete, a vibrating rod is used to effectively vibrate the concrete, and after vibration, two finishing operations are performed, one rough finishing operation and a second fine finishing operation before initial setting, so as to avoid cracks on the concrete surface and improve the overall appearance of the prefabricated components.

[0029] The present invention also provides a prefabricated staircase, comprising:

[0030] A staircase body, the staircase body being provided with a riser and treads;

[0031] The stone has claw nails fixed on the back of the stone and is fixed to the riser and tread of the stair body through the claw nails, and the claw nails and the back of the stone form filling holes.

[0032] It is further configured that an anchor hole is provided on the back of the stone, and the angle between the anchor hole and the back of the stone is 30-60 degrees. The claw nail is an integrally formed part and includes an embedded section fixed in the anchor hole and a connecting section connected between the embedded sections. The embedded section has a length of 15-25mm and a thickness of 4-8mm, and an adhesive is filled between the anchor hole. The connecting section and the back of the stone form the filling hole, and the distance between the filling hole and the back of the stone is 30-50mm. The angle between the connecting section and the embedded section is 80-100 degrees. The connecting section is a tapered structure in the direction away from the back of the stone and an arc section is provided in the middle part which is concave toward the back of the stone. The claw nails are arranged in a plum blossom shape along the back of the stone.

[0033] With this arrangement, the stone is fixedly connected to the embedded section of the claw nail through the anchor hole, and the connection strength and stability are improved by the adhesive. The claw nail forms an integrated structure with the stair main body when the concrete of the stair main body is poured. The filling hole is filled with concrete to make the connection between the claw nail and the stair main body more complete and firm. The arc section in the middle of the connection section can effectively improve the structural strength of the claw nail itself and the contact area with the stair main body, making the connection between the stair main body and the claw nail and even the stone more firmly.

[0034] It is further provided that anchor steel bars are arranged at the connection between the stair main body and the column node, the anchor steel bars are exposed from the stair main body and the exposed portion is staggered and tightly bound or welded to the adjacent prefabricated stair anchor steel bars to form an integral connection, the anchor steel bars extend into the post-cast section and are connected to the column bars and an anchor plate is arranged at the end.

[0035] With this arrangement, the main body of the stairs is installed through overlapping anchor steel bars. This eliminates the need to align the hinge holes when traditional prefabricated stairs are installed by hinged means, making installation more convenient. The overlapping anchor steel bars and post-poured concrete connections make the connections between components more integrated and waterproof, and can more effectively achieve the same effect as cast-in-place.

[0036] (III) Beneficial effects

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated staircase and the production and construction method thereof provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) The prefabricated staircase and its production and construction method of the present invention perform stone installation operations after the bottom form is installed. When installing the stone, it is different from the existing direct bonding or fixing of the stone by connecting points and hooks. Instead, a waterproof interface agent is applied to the back of the stone and anchor holes are opened. The claws are fixed through the anchor holes, so that a filling hole is formed between the claws and the back of the stone. The front of the stone is pre-positioned at the tread and riser positions. When concrete is subsequently poured, the concrete fills the filling hole and is bonded to the back of the stone, so that the stone, the claws and the concrete form an integrated structure, and finally a prefabricated staircase structure with a firm stone structure and good integrity is obtained. Before the stone is reversed and fixed with claws, the waterproof interface agent applied to the back of the stone ensures the waterproof performance of the contact surface between the stone and the concrete, while enhancing the alkali resistance of the stone and improving the durability;

[0039] (2) The prefabricated staircase of the present invention can be prefabricated and produced in a factory in a standardized and BIM-informed manner, and can be constructed simultaneously with or in advance of the on-site cast-in-place lower main structure. This not only greatly shortens the entire construction period, but also avoids the major stage of construction that disturbs residents being placed on the construction site. It also reduces the on-site cast-in-place formwork and support system, making the on-site installation progress easier to control, and has low requirements for the construction site environment.

[0040] (3) The prefabricated staircase of the present invention has a high degree of standardization, more accurate pre-embedding, and better quality of finished products. The prefabricated stairway finished products are transported to the site and connected by post-casting of the node parts to form a staircase structure with better integrity, waterproofness, and structural integrity;

[0041] (4) The prefabricated staircase and its production and construction method of the present invention adopts the stone reverse production and construction technology, which not only reduces the interference of on-site construction to the surrounding area under the advance of green construction of traditional prefabricated components, but also eliminates the cost items of safety and civilized measures for the entire process of the prefabricated stairway construction site sub-project, reduces the difficulty of on-site construction, and speeds up the construction progress of this part. The application of the stone reverse production and construction technology greatly improves the standardization, firmness and effectiveness of stone paving;

[0042] (5) Compared with on-site construction, the prefabricated stairs and their production and construction methods of the present invention can not only reduce the noise, dust and other pollution caused by stone cutting to the environment, but also accurately calculate the size and quantity of stones, thereby reducing losses and lowering construction costs. They are more in line with the concepts of assembly, modularization, green construction, energy conservation and emission reduction, and carbon neutrality, and are worthy of promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stone and the claw nails of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a steel cage for a prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hoisting of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the installation of the prefabricated staircase components of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the reinforced connection device, stone material and staircase body of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross section A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stone and the claw nails of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the steel cage of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of prefabricated staircase components of the present invention.

[0052] A production and construction method for prefabricated stairs includes bottom formwork assembly, stone installation, steel cage installation, side formwork assembly, concrete pouring, maintenance, formwork removal and overturning, transportation and stacking, and component installation.

[0053] Bottom formwork assembly: prefabricate the stair bottom formwork according to the mold design drawing, and seal the tiny joints with glue to achieve waterproofing. The bottom formwork is assembled into the standard riser height and tread height of the stone, and the riser height reserves the stone thickness.

[0054] Stone Installation: See Figure 2, apply waterproof interface agent on the back of stone 2, drill anchor holes 20 on stone 2, fix claw nails 4 on anchor holes 20 of stone, form filling holes 40 between claw nails 4 and the back of stone, then position the front of stone 2 at the tread and riser positions corresponding to the bottom mold, and seal the joints; preferably, the angle α between anchor hole 20 and the back of stone 2 is 30-60 degrees, claw nail 4 is an integrally formed part and includes an embedded section 41 fixed in anchor hole 20 and a connecting section 42 connected between embedded sections 41, embedded section 41 has a length L1 of 15-25mm and a thickness L2 of 4-8mm, and adhesive 43 is filled between the anchor hole 20, connecting section 42 and the back of stone 2 form a filling hole 40, and fill The distance L3 between the filling hole 40 and the back of the stone 2 is 30-50mm, the angle β between the connecting section 42 and the embedded section 41 is 80-100 degrees, the connecting section 42 is a tapered structure in the direction away from the back of the stone 2 and is provided with an arc section 44 in the middle that is concave toward the back of the stone 2, the claws 4 are arranged in a plum blossom shape along the back of the stone 2, the structural strength of the claws 4 is higher than that of ordinary connecting points and hooks, the connection between the stone 2 and the concrete is more firmly and the fit is tighter, so that the stone 2 is not easy to fall off from the prefabricated stairs; wherein, after the front of the stone 2 is positioned at the tread and riser positions corresponding to the bottom mold, a strip hole 2c is formed between the stone 2 at the tread and riser positions, and the strip hole 2c is filled with a pad to limit the stone, and the pad is preferably a steel pad or a wooden pad.

[0055] Steel cage installation: see Figure 3 The steel cage 3 is formed at both ends of the prefabricated stairs with anchor steel bars 31 exposed on the prefabricated stairs. The anchor steel bars 31 are parallel to the prefabricated stair treads and anchor plates 32 are arranged at the ends. The stairway steel cage 3 is processed and tied on the steel frame in the steel workshop to form the steel cage 3 and then hoisted onto the bottom mold.

[0056] Side formwork assembly: Assemble the corresponding side formwork, lock the assembly, and seal the joints with glue. According to the reserved holes in the mold and the requirements of the in-depth design, locate and install the drainage components and embedded bolt sleeves or hanging nails. The bolt sleeves and hanging nails are used as the lifting points for subsequent demolding and flipping mechanism components. The advantages of this construction are: as long as they are within the coverage range of the hoisting arm of the hoist, the components can be lifted to the designated installation position, the installation progress is fast, the construction process is simple, and the terrain restrictions are low. After the side formwork is assembled, it forms a pouring cavity for pouring concrete with the bottom formwork.

[0057] Pouring concrete: pour concrete into the pouring cavity, fill the filling hole 40 with concrete and bond the back of the stone to form an integrated structure with the stone and concrete. After pouring the concrete, use a vibrating rod to effectively vibrate it. After vibrating, perform two finishing steps, one rough finishing step and the second fine finishing step before initial setting, so as to avoid cracks on the concrete surface and improve the overall appearance of the prefabricated components.

[0058] Maintenance: After the concrete is poured, the prefabricated stairs and molds are steam-cured or naturally cured, preferably steam-cured: After the concrete is poured, the entire component and mold are promptly and tightly covered with tarpaulin, plastic cloth, etc., and steam-cured for about 8 hours.

[0059] Demolding and flipping: See Figure 4 After the prefabricated stairs have been cured to 75% of the demoulding strength, the side formwork is removed, the prefabricated stairs are lifted through the embedded demoulding lifting points to remove the bottom formwork, and then the prefabricated stairs are flipped to the front of the stone through the side flipping lifting points.

[0060] Transfer and stacking: After the prefabricated stairway is flipped over, it is transported to the designated yard for stacking by a transfer cart, and can only be shipped out of the factory after being spray-cured to the strength required by the design.

[0061] Component Installation: See Figure 5 After the prefabricated stairs are produced, they are transported to the site and hoisted to the corresponding column node connection. The anchor steel bars 31 of the prefabricated stairs are extended into the post-cast section and connected to the column bars. The anchor steel bars 31 of adjacent prefabricated stairs are overlapped. After the prefabricated stairs are hoisted into place, the molds are sealed and the connection node positions are poured post-cast. Compared with the existing prefabricated stairs connected by hinges, the operation of manually connecting the hinge holes when hoisting the prefabricated stairs is eliminated, and it is more convenient to install the anchor steel bars 31 overlapped and the post-cast concrete connection, so that the connection between the components is more integrated and waterproof, and can achieve the same effect as cast-in-place.

[0062] The present invention obtains a prefabricated staircase through the above-mentioned prefabricated staircase production and construction method. The prefabricated staircase mainly includes: a staircase body 1, stone materials 2 and a steel cage 3.

[0063] The staircase body 1 is cast by concrete in a casting cavity and is provided with a riser and a tread.

[0064] The stone 2 includes a riser stone 2a and a tread stone 2b. The back of the stone 2 is fixed with a claw nail 4, and is fixed to the riser and tread of the stair body 1 by the claw nail 4. The claw nail 4 and the back of the stone 2 form a filling hole 40. In one embodiment of the installation of the claw nail 4 and the stone 2, an anchor hole 20 is drilled on the back of the stone 2. The angle between the anchor hole 20 and the back of the stone 2 is 30-60 degrees. The claw nail 4 is an integrally formed part and includes an embedded section 41 fixed in the anchor hole 20 and a connecting section 42 connected between the embedded sections 41. The embedded section 41 has a length of 15-25 mm and a thickness of 4-8 mm, and an adhesive 43 is filled between the anchor hole 20. The connecting section 42 forms a filling hole with the back of the stone 2. 40, the distance between the filling hole 40 and the back of the stone 2 is 30-50mm, the angle between the connecting section 42 and the embedding section 41 is 80-100 degrees, the connecting section 42 is a tapered structure away from the back of the stone 2 and is provided with an arc section 44 in the middle that is concave toward the back of the stone 2, the claws 4 are arranged in a plum blossom shape along the back of the stone 2, the connection between the stone 2 and the main structure of the prefabricated component is fixed by drilling holes on the stone 2 and filling adhesive, the claws 4 are arranged in a plum blossom shape along the surface of the stone 2, the stone 2 is reversely pasted and then the main concrete of the component is poured, so that the stone 2 and the prefabricated concrete form an integrated structure, compared with the traditional post-pasting stone 2 process, the stone 2 of the reverse-hitting process has good integrity, is more firm, and is not easy to fall off.

[0065] The steel cage 3 is fixed inside the stair body 1 by pouring, and anchor steel bars 31 are arranged at the connection between the stair body 1 and the column node of the steel cage 3. The anchor steel bars 31 are exposed from the stair body 1 and the exposed part is staggered and tightly bound or welded with the adjacent prefabricated stair anchor steel bars to form an integral connection. The anchor steel bars 31 extend into the post-cast section and are connected to the column bars, and anchor plates 32 are arranged at the ends. During installation, the stair body 1 is overlapped by the anchor steel bars 31, which eliminates the need to align the hinge holes when traditional prefabricated stairs are installed by hinged means, making installation more convenient. In addition, the overlapped anchor steel bars 31 and the post-cast concrete connection make the connection between the components more integrated and waterproof, and can achieve the same effect as cast-in-place.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the reinforced connection device, stone material and staircase body of the prefabricated staircase of the present invention. Figure 7 for Figure 6In the cross-sectional schematic diagram in middle A, a strip hole 2c is formed between the riser stone 2a and the tread stone 2b, and a reinforcing connection device 5 and a pad 6 are arranged in the strip hole 2c to support and limit the stone 2. The end faces of the riser stone 2a and the tread stone 2b that contact the reinforcing connection device 5 are drilled with a plug-in hole 2d. A plug-in strip 51 is extended from each of the two end faces where the main body of the reinforcing connection device 5 contacts the stone 2. The end of the plug-in strip 51 is bent toward the head end, and a pre-embedded section 52 is extended between the two plug-in strips 51. The pre-embedded section 52 is provided with a barb 53. During construction, the reinforcing connection device 5 is arranged between the pad 6. The number of the reinforcing connection devices 5 is set according to the actual width of the prefabricated stairs. A plug-in strip 51 of the reinforcing connection device 5 is inserted into the riser stone 2a or the tread stone The reinforcing connecting device 5 is inserted into the inserting hole 2d of the stone 2b and fixed by the adhesive 43, and then, another inserting strip 51 of the reinforcing connecting device 5 is inserted into the inserting hole 2d of the other stone forming the strip-shaped hole 2c and fixed by the adhesive, while ensuring that the embedded section 52 is arranged toward the inside of the prefabricated staircase, and the embedded section 52 is completely embedded in the prefabricated staircase when pouring concrete, and the pad 6 can be withdrawn during the process; in this way, the reinforcing connecting device 5 can not only support and limit the stone 2, but also further enhance the firmness of the connection between the riser stone 2a, the tread stone 2b and the prefabricated staircase through the inserting strip 51 and the embedded section 52, so that the integrity and structural strength of the prefabricated staircase are better, and the problem of easy falling of stones when installing stones in traditional prefabricated stairs is avoided.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for producing and constructing prefabricated stairs, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Bottom formwork assembly: The bottom formwork is assembled into the standard riser height and tread height of the stone. The riser height reserves the stone thickness; Stone installation: Apply waterproof interface agent on the back of the stone, drill anchor holes on the stone and fill the anchor holes with adhesive, fix the claws on the anchor holes of the stone to form a filling hole between the claws and the back of the stone, then position the front of the stone at the tread and riser positions corresponding to the bottom mold, and waterproof and seal the joints that appear; Installation of steel cage: hoist the steel cage onto the bottom formwork; The side molds are assembled, and after being assembled, the side molds form a casting cavity with the bottom mold; Pouring concrete: pouring concrete into the pouring cavity, the concrete fills the filling hole and bonds to the back of the stone so that the stone and concrete form an integrated structure; Curing: After the concrete is poured, the prefabricated stairs and the mold are covered with a film for steam curing or natural curing; Demoulding and turning over: After the prefabricated staircase has reached the demoulding strength after curing, the side moulds are removed, the bottom moulds are lifted and removed, and then the prefabricated staircase is turned over to the front; In the stone installation step, after the front of the stone is positioned at the tread and riser positions corresponding to the bottom mold, the stone includes a riser stone and a tread stone, a strip hole is formed between the riser stone and the tread stone, a reinforcing connection device and a pad are arranged in the strip hole to support and limit the stone, and a plug-in hole is drilled on the end surface of the riser stone and the tread stone that contacts the reinforcing connection device, and a plug-in strip is extended from each of the two end surfaces where the reinforcing connection device body contacts the stone, the end of the plug-in strip is bent toward the head end, and a pre-embedded section is extended between the two plug-in strips The embedded section is provided with barbs. During construction, the reinforcing connection device is arranged between the pads. The number of reinforcing connection devices is set according to the actual width of the prefabricated stairs. One plug-in strip of the reinforcing connection device is inserted into the plug-in hole of the riser stone or the tread stone and fixed by an adhesive. Then, the other plug-in strip of the reinforcing connection device is inserted into the plug-in hole of the other stone forming the strip hole and fixed by an adhesive. At the same time, it is ensured that the embedded section is arranged toward the inside of the prefabricated stairs. When pouring concrete, the embedded section is completely buried inside the prefabricated stairs.

2. The prefabricated staircase production and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the anchor hole and the back of the stone is 30-60 degrees. The claw nail is an integrally formed part and includes an embedded section fixed in the anchor hole and a connecting section connected between the embedded sections. The embedded section is 15-25 mm long and 4-8 mm thick, and an adhesive is filled between the anchor hole. The connecting section and the back of the stone form the filling hole. The angle between the connecting section and the embedded section is 80-100 degrees. The connecting section is a tapered structure in the direction away from the back of the stone and an arc section is provided in the middle portion that is concave toward the back of the stone. The claw nails are arranged in a plum blossom shape along the back of the stone.

3. The prefabricated staircase production and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side form assembly includes: assembling the side form, locking the assembly, and sealing the joints with glue, and positioning and installing the drainage components and embedded bolt sleeves or hanging nails according to the reserved holes of the mold and the requirements of the in-depth design. The embedded bolt sleeves and hanging nails are used as the subsequent lifting points for demoulding and flipping mechanism components.

4. The method for producing and constructing prefabricated stairs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation of the steel cage includes forming anchor steel bars exposed on the prefabricated stairs at both ends of the prefabricated stairs. The anchor steel bars are parallel to the prefabricated stair treads and anchor plates are set at the ends.

5. The method for producing and constructing prefabricated stairs according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes component installation, which includes: after the prefabricated stairs are produced, they are transported to the site and hoisted to the corresponding column node connection, the anchor steel bars of the prefabricated stairs are extended into the post-cast section and connected to the column bars, anchor plates are set at the ends of the anchor steel bars, the anchor steel bars of adjacent prefabricated stairs are overlapped, and after the prefabricated stairs are hoisted into place, the molds are sealed and the post-cast connection node positions are cast.

6. The method for producing and constructing prefabricated stairs according to claim 1, characterized in that: After pouring the concrete, a vibrating rod is used to effectively vibrate the concrete, and two finishing steps are performed after the vibrating step, one is a rough finishing step, and the second is a fine finishing step before the initial setting, so as to avoid cracks on the concrete surface and improve the overall appearance of the prefabricated component.

7. A prefabricated staircase, characterized in that: include: A staircase body, the staircase body being provided with a riser and treads; Stone, the back of which is fixed with claw nails, and is fixed to the riser and tread of the staircase body by the claw nails, and the claw nails and the back of the stone form a filling hole; The stone includes riser stones and tread stones, and strip holes are formed between the riser stones and the tread stones. Reinforced connection devices and pads are arranged in the strip holes to support and limit the stones. Plug-in holes are drilled in the end faces of the riser stones and the tread stones that contact the reinforced connection devices. A plug-in strip is extended from each of the two end faces where the main body of the reinforced connection device contacts the stone. The end of the plug-in strip is bent toward the head end, and an embedded section is extended between the two plug-in strips. The embedded section is provided with barbs. During construction, the reinforced connection device is arranged between the pads. The number of reinforced connection devices is set according to the actual width of the prefabricated stairs. One plug-in strip of the reinforced connection device is inserted into the plug-in hole of the riser stone or the tread stone and fixed by an adhesive. The other plug-in strip of the reinforced connection device is inserted into the plug-in hole of the other stone forming the strip hole and fixed by an adhesive. The embedded section is arranged toward the interior of the prefabricated stairs, and the embedded section is completely buried in the interior of the prefabricated stairs when pouring concrete.

8. The prefabricated staircase according to claim 7, characterized in that: An anchor hole is provided on the back of the stone, and the angle between the anchor hole and the back of the stone is 30-60 degrees. The claw nail is an integrally formed part and includes an embedded section fixed in the anchor hole and a connecting section connected between the embedded sections. The connecting section and the back of the stone form the filling hole, and the angle between the connecting section and the embedded section is 80-100 degrees. An arc section concave toward the back of the stone is provided in the middle of the connecting section, and the claw nails are arranged in a plum blossom shape along the back of the stone.

9. The prefabricated staircase according to claim 7, characterized in that: Anchor steel bars are arranged at the connection between the stair main body and the column node. The anchor steel bars are exposed from the stair main body and the exposed part is staggered and tightly tied or welded with the adjacent prefabricated stair anchor steel bars to form an integral connection. The anchor steel bars extend into the post-cast section and are connected to the column bars, and an anchor plate is arranged at the end.

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