Contact pin with cooling channel system and electrical plug with such contact pin

Abstract

The invention increases the reliability of an electrical plug connection by means of a contact pin (1) for an electrical plug (2), wherein the electrical plug (2) can be mated with a mating plug along a mating direction (S). The contact pin (1) comprises an electrically conductive contact element (6) and a non-conductive contact protection element (8), wherein the contact protection element (8) partially surrounds the contact element (6). In the contact protection element (8), at least one cooling channel system (24) is formed for conducting a cooling fluid. The cooling channel system (24) comprises a cooling fluid supply portion (26) and a cooling fluid return portion (28), wherein the cooling fluid return portion is fluidically connected to the cooling fluid supply portion (26). Furthermore, the cooling channel system (24) extends at least to the distal end of the contact element (6), wherein the distal end (10) faces the mating plug. This establishes an active cooling, which counteracts the generation of electrical heating and other causes of heat accumulation. Subsequently, the active cooling prevents a temperature-dependent decrease in the current carrying capacity of the plug (2). Furthermore, the thermal load on the contact pin (1), its components and the plug (2) is reduced by active cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electrical plug, in particular a high-voltage plug, for use in automotive technology applications, for example with a voltage in the range of 1000 V to 1500 V, and a contact pin for such an electrical plug. Background Art

[0002] In automotive technology, the transmission of electric current via a removable plug connection is necessary for many applications. For example, a motor vehicle with an electric drive and an internal storage battery is connected to a charging column during the charging process. In order to reduce the charging time, high currents and / or high voltages are used in the charging system. In particular, the electrical safety and the current-carrying capacity of the current-carrying components of the charging system represent limiting factors.

[0003] Ensure electrical safety in accordance with applicable regulations, such as ordinances, laws, contracts, specifications and / or technical regulations. The current-carrying capacity depends in particular on the material selection of the current-carrying components and on the ambient conditions of the charging system. In addition, the current-carrying capacity in conventional charging systems decreases with increasing operating time. Low current-carrying capacity leads to longer charging times and, in certain cases, can also lead to restricted functionality of the plug connection and the entire charging system, respectively. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention solves the problem of generally increasing the capacity and the operating reliability of an electrical plug connection.

[0005] The problem is solved by a contact pin for an electrical plug, which can be mated with a mating plug, wherein the contact pin comprises an electrically conductive contact element and a non-conductive contact protection piece, which partially surrounds the contact element, and wherein, in the contact protection piece, at least one cooling channel system for conducting a cooling fluid is formed. The cooling channel system comprises a cooling fluid supply and a cooling fluid return, which is connected to the cooling fluid supply in a fluid-conducting manner. In addition, the cooling channel system extends at least to a distal end of the contact element, which faces the mating plug. The distal end can be particularly far away from the cooling fluid supply and / or the return.

[0006] The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, the possibility of actively cooling the electrically conductive contact elements by means of a cooling fluid. The active cooling comprises an improved cooling effect compared to cooling by natural convection. Active cooling thus acts particularly strongly against internal electrical heating and any external heating causes. External heating causes can be, for example, thermal radiation from surrounding components and / or an external heating air flow through the contact elements. Active cooling thus prevents a temperature-dependent drop in the current-carrying capacity of the electrical plug. Furthermore, active cooling reduces thermal strains on the contact pins and their components and on the electrical plug, respectively. In this way, active cooling protects the electrical plug connection from internal and / or external influences and thus increases the capacity and operational reliability of the electrical plug connection.

[0007] The present invention can be further improved by the following embodiments, each of which has advantages and can be combined in any way.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the contact element can at least partially form a wall of the cooling channel system. In particular, the contact element can form a wall of a cooling fluid supply portion and / or a return portion, wherein sufficient impermeability of the cooling channel system is ensured, for example, by overmolding or adhering the contact element to the contact protection piece. Therefore, the contact element can be at least partially wetted by the cooling fluid. Direct wetting of the contact element enables heat to be immediately transferred from the contact element to the cooling fluid. Therefore, the cooling effect of the active cooling is further improved.

[0009] Preferably, the cooling channel system in this embodiment can be designed to use a non-conductive cooling fluid, such as a non-conductive liquid, a dielectric liquid and / or a non-conductive gas. This is advantageous to a certain extent because undesirable corrosion phenomena on the contact elements caused by creeping currents in the conductive fluid can be prevented.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the cooling channel system can be formed by only the contact protection member and can be designed to use a conductive liquid, such as a water glycol mixture. In this alternative embodiment, the contact element will not be directly wetted anywhere. This increases the scope of the cooling fluid that can be used, because it allows the application of cooling fluids that may not be in direct contact with the contact elements due to their electrical conductivity and / or corrosion promotion. Therefore, for example, cooling fluids with high specific heat capacity can be used without restriction. In addition, cooling fluids that generally show high availability and / or environmental compatibility can be used. The result is a reduction in the cost and workload of obtaining, transporting, storing and / or handling the corresponding cooling fluid.

[0011] In another embodiment of the contact pin, the contact guard may carry the contact element. In particular, the contact element may be held by the contact guard, since the contact guard surrounds and contacts the contact element from multiple sides. Preferably, the contact element is completely restricted in all degrees of freedom of its movement capability by contact with the contact guard. To this end, the contact guard may be, for example, a plastic that is molded onto the contact element by an in-mold process.

[0012] In this embodiment, the contact element is fixed via the contact protection member, thereby preventing the contact element from being lost due to movement and sliding during the process of being plugged together with the mating plug.

[0013] According to another embodiment, at least in a cross section of the contact pin perpendicular to the plugging direction, two opposite sides of the contact pin, preferably two opposite flat sides, are formed by the contact element, and the other two opposite sides of the contact pin are formed by the contact guard. In addition, adjacent sides of the contact pin can be connected via edges, respectively. In particular, two adjacent sides can include surfaces arranged perpendicular to each other. This means that at least a first surface span vector of the respective surface extends parallel to the plugging direction, while a second surface span vector extends perpendicular to the plugging direction. In this embodiment, the contact element includes at least two exposed contact surfaces, which, as far as their orientation is concerned, do not hinder the insertion of the electrical plug into the mating plug along the plugging direction.

[0014] In another embodiment, the free end of the contact protection member can exceed the distal end of the contact element in the plugging direction. Therefore, the contact protection member can prevent the contact element from being moved undesirably in the plugging direction.

[0015] In addition, the other free end of the contact protection piece can exceed the proximal end of the contact element opposite to the distal end, so that the contact protection piece extends along the contact element and exceeds both ends thereof. Therefore, the contact protection piece can prevent any movement of the contact element along the plugging direction.

[0016] According to another embodiment, at least a part of the cooling channel system can be arranged outside the distal and / or proximal end of the contact element, preferably in the contact guard. Thus, parts of the contact pin which do not form a contact element but are subject to external heating causes can be actively cooled.

[0017] In another embodiment, the contact element may comprise two opposite parts, between which the cooling channel system is arranged. In particular, the contact element surrounds the cooling channel system from at least three sides. To this end, the contact element may be formed as a hollow profile, having, for example, a U-shaped, semicircular or partially circular cross section perpendicular to the plugging direction. Preferably, the contact element surrounds the cooling channel system. Accordingly, the contact element may be formed as a hollow profile, for example, having a circular, rectangular or square cross section perpendicular to the plugging direction. The shape of the hollow profile may also change in a continuous and / or stepwise transitional manner along the plugging direction.

[0018] The contact element can preferably be made of an electrically conductive material, for example copper, aluminum, silver, gold, platinum or other metals. In particular, the contact element can be configured as an extruded profile, a stamped and bent component or a deep-drawn component having a hollow cavity surrounding the cooling system. Therefore, in this embodiment, the mechanical properties of the metal material can be utilized in order to enhance the mechanical stability of the cooling channel system.

[0019] According to another embodiment, the port for each of the cooling fluid supply portion and the return portion can be located at the proximal end of the contact element. In particular, a T-piece can be provided, which forms the port and is located at the proximal end of the contact element. The T-piece can be an integral part of the contact guard, or it can be an independent part placed on the contact guard and resting on the sealing ring. Therefore, the cooling channel system can connect at least one cooling fluid supply line with at least one cooling fluid return line in a fluid-conducting manner. The cooling fluid supply line is used to transport cooling fluid to the cooling channel system, and the cooling fluid return line is used to transport cooling fluid away from the cooling channel system. The port assemblies in this embodiment are advantageous because they enable the structure of the contact pin to save space.

[0020] Furthermore, the opening in the T-piece can connect the cooling fluid supply with the cooling fluid return and form an internal bypass through which a predetermined portion of the cooling fluid can flow through the cooling channel system. The flow split ratio at the bypass can be defined by a constant geometry of the opening or can be adjusted by valves and baffles, respectively. The bypass allows it to adjust the flow rate in the cooling channel system for each application or each operating mode.

[0021] Furthermore, the bypass allows efficient use of a common cooling fluid line for multiple cooling channel systems of multiple contact pins arranged in series, since the bypass divides the total flow and thus prevents each cooling channel system from having to be flowed through. This therefore results in a saving in operating costs, since a lower pressure drop is produced.

[0022] In addition to the features already mentioned or as an alternative thereto, the cooling channel system can extend in the plugging direction, preferably at least over the entire length of the contact element. In particular, at least one straight cooling channel of the cooling channel system can be formed as a recess, a cavity and a hollow space in the contact protection piece and / or the contact element along the plugging direction. The straight cooling channel can lead from the T-piece at least to the distal end of the contact element. In this case, the straight cooling channel can include a cross section perpendicular to the plugging direction, which cross section is preferably geometrically similar to the cross section of the contact element.

[0023] With this embodiment, active cooling of all contact transfer points can be achieved. Contact transfer points are characterized in that at these points, in the fully plugged-together state, contact elements of an electrical plug are in electrical contact with contact elements of an electrical plug having complementary contact elements of a mating plug. In general, contact transfer points constitute critical areas in which the cross section available for electric current tapers. Therefore, the electrical heating at the contact transfer points is particularly high compared to the rest of the plug. Therefore, the specific active cooling of the contact transfer points according to the invention is advantageous and particularly effective.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the cooling channel system may include a U-shaped path. Accordingly, at least one channel portion is formed in the cooling channel system, which is connected to the port of at least one cooling fluid supply line in a fluid-conducting manner and extends in the plug-in direction, preferably along the entire length of the contact element. The curved channel portion of the cooling channel system forms a change in direction. The second channel portion of the cooling channel system is formed parallel to the first channel portion and leads to the port of at least one cooling fluid return line. The first channel portion is connected to the second channel portion in a fluid-conducting manner via the curved channel portion. The U-shaped path of the cooling system allows active cooling of the entire length of the contact element, and at the same time arranges the ports of the cooling fluid supply and return lines in close proximity to each other. This results in a particularly compact structure of the contact pin.

[0025] Optionally, in a further embodiment, at least one partition wall may extend through the cooling channel system. For example, the partition wall may consist of a separate partition wall element inserted into the cooling channel system. Alternatively, the partition wall may be formed as part of a T-piece, protruding from the proximal end of the contact element into the cooling channel system in the plugging direction and dividing the straight cooling channel into a first and a second channel portion. The use of a partition wall enables a cooling channel system with a U-shaped path to be provided without using components with undercuts.

[0026] In another embodiment, at least one temperature sensor, for example a temperature sensor from the group comprising a PT100 temperature sensor, a PT1000 temperature sensor, a linear temperature sensor, a non-linear temperature sensor and a thermoelectric element, can be arranged in the contact protection element. In particular, the at least one temperature sensor can be held in a position in which the at least one temperature sensor is connected in a heat-conducting manner to the outer surface of the cooling channel system facing away from the contact element. Preferably, the position of the at least one temperature sensor is located at the same to approximately the same height as the at least one contact transmission point relative to the plug-in direction. In this case, the temperature sensor and the contact transmission point can be located on the same side of the contact pin, or arranged on adjacent sides of the contact pin.

[0027] The use of a temperature sensor enables monitoring of the current temperature, which can be used, for example, for temperature control. The positioning of the temperature sensor on the outer surface of the contact element facing away from the cooling channel system prevents underestimation of the actual temperature value. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the temperature sensor can measure the temperature as close as possible to the contact transfer point, which is also located at the outer surface of the cooling channel system facing away from the contact element.

[0028] Preferably, at least two temperature sensors arranged opposite to each other with respect to the contact element can be provided in the contact protection element, and each temperature sensor is connected in a thermally conductive manner to an outer surface of the cooling channel system facing away from the contact element. The use of at least two temperature sensors allows a authenticity check of the temperature measurement data and provides a redundant temperature measurement system.

[0029] According to another embodiment, the contact protection element can form a touch protection device, preferably a finger protection device, which covers the distal end of the contact element in the plugging direction. Therefore, the contact protection element protects the distal end of the contact element from unintentional mechanical impacts and / or unintentional human touch at least in the plugging direction.

[0030] The potential problems at the beginning can also be solved by an electrical plug, which comprises at least one contact pin and a pin strip made of plastic, for example. The electrical plug of the invention is advantageous because by active cooling of at least one contact pin, undesirable and capacity-limiting thermal influences from the inside and outside can be counteracted.

[0031] In particular, at least one contact pin can be fixed in the pin plate so that it is oriented in the plugging direction. To this end, the pin plate comprises at least one socket into which the at least one contact pin is inserted and is pressed, locked and / or adhered. In addition, the pin plate comprises a finger protection wall, which in combination with the contact protection of the at least one contact pin results in a touch protection device, preferably a finger protection device, for the contact element of the at least one contact pin. By means of the touch protection device, the contact element is protected multilaterally from unintentional mechanical impacts and human touch.

[0032] According to an advantageous embodiment, the electrical plug can cooperate with the mating plug along the plugging direction. In addition, the contact pin can include a longitudinal expansion portion. Accordingly, the contact element can include a longitudinal shape and extend along a longitudinal axis. In particular, the contact element can include a distal end facing the mating plug and a proximal end opposite the distal end. Preferably, the distal end and the proximal end can be aligned along the plugging direction.

[0033] At the proximal end, the contact element may be rigidly attached to the busbar, for example via welding and / or soldering, which results in an electrical aggregate, relay or battery.A rigid connection to the busbar is advantageous due to its time, cost and material producibility savings.

[0034] Alternatively, the contact element can be detachably connected to the busbar via a threaded joint at the proximal end. To this end, at the proximal end of the contact element, a component for a detachable joint can be provided, such as a tightening point with a threaded hole or an external thread. The detachable joint reduces the workload of maintenance and repair work on the electrical plug.

[0035] At the distal end, at least one outer surface of the contact element can make an electrical connection with the inner surface of the complementary contact element of the mating plug. In this case, the finger protection wall and the touch protection device surround the distal end of the contact element so that only a slot is formed, into which the complementary contact element of the mating plug can be inserted, but a finger probe such as a VDE joint finger probe is not suitable for insertion.

[0036] This embodiment has the advantage that it provides a touch protection, preferably a finger protection, for at least one outer surface of the contact element while allowing connection with the conductive pin of a mating plug. In addition, due to heat conduction, active cooling of the contact pin has an effect on the busbar and any directly preceding and succeeding electrical components.

[0037] In another alternative embodiment, the inner surface of the contact element can form an electrical connection with at least one outer surface of the complementary contact element of the mating plug at the distal end of the contact element. In this embodiment, in addition to the finger protection wall or as an alternative to the finger protection wall, the pin plug plate can include a finger protection column. The finger protection column is formed along the plugging direction and extends through the contact pin. In this case, the finger protection column is surrounded by the contact pin so that only an independent groove is formed, wherein the complementary contact element of the mating plug can be inserted into the groove, but a finger probe such as a VDE joint finger probe is not suitable for insertion into the groove.

[0038] This embodiment is advantageous because it provides touch protection, preferably finger protection, for at least one inner surface of the contact element while allowing connection with an electrically conductive plug of a mating plug. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In the following, with reference to the drawings, the invention is explained in more detail using a number of exemplary embodiments, the different features of which may be arbitrarily combined according to the above description.

[0040] In the attached picture:

[0041] Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a contact pin of the invention according to a first embodiment;

[0042] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a stylus of the present invention according to another embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 an enlarged partial view of a cross-sectional view of;

[0044] Figure 4 Shows Figure 2 A further enlarged partial view of the cross-sectional view;

[0045] Figure 5 shows a schematic perspective view of an electrical plug of the invention according to a first embodiment;

[0046] Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 Another perspective view of an electrical plug;

[0047] Figure 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical plug of the present invention according to a first embodiment;

[0048] Figure 8 An enlarged partial view showing another cross-sectional view of the electrical plug of the present invention according to the first embodiment;

[0049] Fig. 9an enlarged partial view showing another cross-sectional view of the electrical plug of the present invention according to the first embodiment; and

[0050] Fig.10 A schematic perspective view of an electrical plug according to the invention is shown according to a second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] First, refer to Figure 1-4 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The schematic structure of the stylus 1 of the present invention is described. Figure 5-7 10 and 10 illustrate the schematic structure of the electric plug of the present invention.

[0052] In a possible embodiment, the contact pin 1 of the present invention for an electrical plug 2 may include a conductive contact element 6 and a non-conductive contact protection element 8 . The electrical plug 2 may be mated with a mating plug (not shown) in a plugging direction S.

[0053] The contact element 6 may include a longitudinal shape and extend along the plugging direction S. In particular, the contact element 6 may include a distal end 10 and a proximal end 12. The distal end 10 may face the mating plug in the plugging direction S. The proximal end 12 may be arranged opposite the distal end 10 and face away from the mating plug.

[0054] Furthermore, the contact element 6 may comprise two opposing parts 14a, 14b. Figure 1-4 In the embodiment of the present invention, the contact element 6 is depicted as a hollow profile 16 having a rectangular cross section and a hollow chamber 18. The contact element 6 can generally be formed of any conductive material, such as copper, aluminum, silver, gold, platinum or other metals, and can alternatively include a U-shaped, semicircular, partially circular, circular or square cross section. The shape of the hollow profile 16 can also change along the plugging direction S in a continuous and / or stepwise transition.

[0055] The contact protection member 8 may partially surround the contact element 6 and abut at least one inner surface 20 and / or outer surface 22 of the contact element 6. Preferably, the contact protection member 8 abuts a plurality of inner surfaces 20 and / or outer surfaces 22 of the contact element 6, so that the contact element 6 is completely restricted in all degrees of freedom of its movement possibilities. It is worth noting that the contact element 6 is carried or held by the contact protection member 8. To this end, the contact protection member 8 may be, for example, a plastic molded on the contact element 6 by an in-mold process.

[0056] Furthermore, at least one cooling channel system 24 for conducting a cooling fluid may be formed in the contact guard 8. The cooling channel system 24 comprises a cooling fluid supply 26 and a cooling fluid return 28. The cooling fluid supply 26 may be connected to the cooling fluid return 28 in a fluid-conducting manner via a straight cooling channel 30. The cooling channel 30 may be formed in the contact guard, in particular along the plugging direction S, as a recess, a cavity and a hollow space 32.

[0057] exist Figures 1 to 4 In the embodiment shown, the entire cooling channel system 24 is formed by the contact protection member 8, so that the contact element 6 is not directly wetted by the cooling fluid. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the contact element 6 can at least partially form the wall of the cooling channel system 24, for example via corresponding grooves, openings and / or recesses in the contact protection member 8, or via a partial or complete omission of the contact protection member 8 in the hollow chamber 18 of the contact element 6. In this case, it is necessary to ensure sufficient sealing of the cooling channel system 24, for example via overmolding or bonding of the contact element 6 to the contact protection member 8.

[0058] like Figure 8 and 9 As shown, the cooling channel 30 may include a cross section perpendicular to the plugging direction S, which cross section is preferably geometrically similar to the cross section of the contact element 6. For example, in the case of a rectangular profile of the contact element 6, the cooling channel 30 correspondingly includes a rectangular cross section. In this case, the contact protection member 8 and the contact element 6 can be arranged so that in at least one cross section perpendicular to the plugging direction S of the contact pin 1, two opposite flat sides 34 of the contact pin 1 are formed by the contact element 6, and the other two opposite sides 36 of the contact pin 1 are formed by the contact protection member 8. Adjacent sides 38a, 38b of the contact pin 1 can each engage with each other via an edge 40. In particular, in this case, the adjacent sides 38a, 38b can include surfaces 42a, 42b oriented perpendicularly to each other. This means that at least one first surface span vector 44 of the respective surfaces 42a, 42b extends parallel to the plugging direction S, while the second surface span vector 46 extends perpendicular to the plugging direction S.

[0059] At the proximal end 12 of the contact element 6, a port 48 for each cooling fluid supply 26 and cooling fluid return 28 can be located. Preferably, at least one cooling fluid supply line (not shown) can be connected to the cooling fluid supply 26, and at least one cooling fluid return line (not shown) can be connected to the cooling fluid return 28. The cooling fluid supply line is used to convey the cooling fluid to the cooling channel system 24, and the cooling fluid return line is used to convey the cooling fluid away from the cooling channel system 24. To this end, the contact pin 1 can in particular include a T-piece 50. The T-piece 50 is arranged at the proximal end 12 of the contact element 6 and forms the corresponding port 48. The T-piece 50 can be placed on the contact pin 1 via the contact protection 8 in the form of a separate component 52 and rests on the sealing ring 54.

[0060] An internal bypass 58 may be formed in the T-piece 50 by the circular opening 56. The circular opening 56 may connect the cooling fluid supply 26 with the cooling fluid return 28 so that a predetermined portion of the cooling fluid may flow through the cooling channel system 24 without flowing through the cooling channel system 24.

[0061] In addition, the partition wall 60 can run through the cooling channel system 24. The partition wall 60 can be formed as a part of a T-shaped piece 50, protruding from the proximal end 12 of the contact element 6 into the cooling channel system 24 along the plug-in direction S, and is maintained by the longitudinal groove 62 of the contact protection member 8, and the straight cooling channel 30 is divided into a first channel portion 64 and a second channel portion 66. The first channel portion 64 can be connected to the second channel portion 66 in a fluid-conducting manner via a curved channel portion 68. Specifically, the first channel portion 64, the curved channel portion 68 and the second channel portion 66 can lead to a U-shaped path of the cooling channel system 24. This means that the first channel portion 64 can be connected to the port 48 of the cooling fluid supply portion 26 and extend in the plug-in direction S. The curved channel portion 38 can form a change of direction. The second channel portion 66 can be formed parallel to the first channel portion 64 and lead to the port 48 of the cooling fluid return portion 28.

[0062] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the T-piece 50 and / or the partition wall 60 may be manufactured as an integral part of the contact protection member 8 by 3D printing or other manufacturing processes.

[0063] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, the cooling channel system 24 can extend at least over the entire length of the contact element 6 along the plug-in direction S. Preferably, at least a portion 70 of the cooling channel system 24 can be located in the contact protection element 8 outside the distal end 10 of the contact element 6. To this end, by way of example, the free end 11 of the contact protection element 8 can exceed the distal end 10 of the contact element 6 in the plug-in direction S. The exceeding portion 70 of the contact protection element 8 can form a touch protection device 72, which covers the distal end 10 of the contact element 6 in the plug-in direction S.

[0064] Furthermore, the contact guard 8 may also extend beyond the proximal end 12 of the contact element 6 , so that the contact guard 8 extends along the contact element 6 beyond the ends 10 , 12 thereof.

[0065] Optionally, the contact pin 1 may include at least one temperature sensor 74, preferably at least two temperature sensors 74. Each temperature sensor 74 may be held by the contact protection element 8 in a position in which the respective temperature sensor 74 is thermally connected to the outer surface 22 of the contact element 6 facing away from the cooling channel system 24. Preferably, the position of the respective temperature sensor 74 relative to the plugging direction S is located at the same height or approximately the same height as at least one contact transmission point 76 and / or another temperature sensor 74. As temperature sensors, PT100 temperature sensors, PT1000 temperature sensors, linear temperature sensors, nonlinear temperature sensors and / or thermoelectric elements may be used.

[0066] exist Figures 5 to 7 , a possible embodiment of an electrical plug 2 of the present invention is depicted. The electrical plug 2 can cooperate with a mating plug (not shown) along a plugging direction S and comprises at least one, preferably two, contact pins 1 of the present invention and a pin plug board 78. The pin plug board 78 may comprise a rectangular substrate 80, which comprises a socket 82 for each contact pin 1. The respective socket 82 may be formed as a rectangular opening 84, into which the corresponding contact pin 1 is inserted and locked. For latching engagement, the contact protection member 8 of the respective contact pin 1 may comprise at least one extension 86 in the form of a latch nose 88. The at least one extension 86 may be formed so that the side of the latch nose 88 rests on the substrate 80. Optionally, the contact pin 1 may be extruded or adhered.

[0067] The rectangular opening 84 of the socket 82 preferably extends perpendicularly to the base plate 80 and in the plug-in direction S. The corresponding contact pin 1 is therefore oriented in the pin plug board 78 along the plug-in direction S and protrudes from the base plate 80 on both sides 92 a , 92 b .

[0068] The distal ends 10 of the contact elements 6 of the respective contact pins 1 may in particular be arranged on a side 90 of the substrate 80 facing the mating plug. On the opposite side of the substrate 80 facing away from the mating plug, the proximal ends 12 of the contact elements 6 of the respective contact pins 1 may be arranged.

[0069] At the respective proximal end 12, a threaded location 94 with a threaded hole 96 is provided for removable connection to a busbar. Alternatively, a rigid connection to the busbar 98 may be formed, for example by welding and / or brazing.

[0070] Additionally, a T-piece 50 having corresponding ports 48 for at least one cooling fluid supply line and at least one cooling fluid return line may be located at the respective proximal end 12 .

[0071] At the respective distal end 10 , at least one outer surface 22 of the respective contact element 6 may establish an electrical connection with at least one inner surface of a complementary contact element of a respective mating plug.

[0072] The pin plug board 78 further comprises a finger protection wall 100, which extends vertically from the base plate 80 and surrounds the corresponding contact pin 1 from at least three sides, two of which are flat sides 34 formed by the contact element 6. Specifically, the finger protection wall 100 can surround the distal end 10 together with the contact guard 8 so that only a slot 104 appears, into which a complementary contact element of a mating plug can be inserted, but a finger probe (not shown) such as a VDE joint finger probe is not suitable for insertion. This means that the distance between the finger protection wall 100 and the contact guard 8 is at least greater than the width of the complementary contact element of the mating plug at each outer edge 106 of the contact guard 8, and at least smaller than the diameter of the finger probe.

[0073] exist Fig.10 , an alternative embodiment of the electrical plug 2' of the present invention is described. In this embodiment, the electrical plug 2' includes a contact pin 1' of the present invention having a circular profile. Correspondingly, the contact element 6' and the contact protection member 8 also include a circular profile. At the distal end 10' of the contact element 6' facing the mating plug, at least one inner surface 20' of the contact element 6' can form an electrical connection with at least one outer surface of a complementary contact element of the mating plug. In this embodiment, the pin plug plate 78' may include a finger protection column 110', which is an additional part or a replacement part of the finger protection wall 100', at least partially surrounding the distal end 10'. The finger protection column 110' is formed along the plugging direction S and protrudes through the contact pin 1'. In this case, the finger protection column 110' is surrounded by the contact pin 1', so that only an independent groove 104' is formed, in which the complementary contact element of the mating contact can be inserted into the groove, but a finger probe (not shown) such as a VDE joint finger probe is not suitable for insertion into the groove.

[0074] Reference numerals list

[0075] 1, 1' contact pin

[0076] 2, 2' electrical plug

[0077] 6, 6' contact element

[0078] 8, 8' contact protection

[0079] 10, 10' Far End

[0080] 11 Free end

[0081] 12 Proximal

[0082] Sections 14a, 14b

[0083] 16 Hollow Profile

[0084] 18 Hollow Chamber

[0085] 20, 20' inner surface

[0086] 22 External surface

[0087] 24 Cooling channel system

[0088] 26 Cooling fluid supply

[0089] 28 Cooling fluid return section

[0090] 30 straight cooling channels

[0091] 32 recess, cavity, hollow space

[0092] 34 Flat side

[0093] 36 Side

[0094] 38a, 38b Side

[0095] 40 Edge

[0096] 42a, 42b Surface

[0097] 44 First surface span vector

[0098] 46 Second surface span vector

[0099] Port 48

[0100] 50 T-piece

[0101] 52 independent parts

[0102] 54 Sealing ring

[0103] 56 Round opening

[0104] 58 Internal bypass

[0105] 60 Divider Wall

[0106] 62 longitudinal slots

[0107] 64 First channel section

[0108] 66 Second channel section

[0109] 68 Curved channel section

[0110] 70 Part of the cooling channel system

[0111] 72 Touch protection device

[0112] 74 Temperature Sensor

[0113] 76 Contact transfer point

[0114] 78, 78' pin board

[0115] 80 substrate

[0116] 82 sockets

[0117] 84 Rectangular opening

[0118] 86 Extension

[0119] 88 Latch Nose

[0120] 90 Side

[0121] 92a, 92b Side of the substrate

[0122] 94 thread position

[0123] 96 threaded holes

[0124] 98 Busbar

[0125] 100, 100' Finger Protection Wall

[0126] 104, 104' slot

[0127] 106 outer edge

[0128] 110' Finger Protection Column

Claims

1. A contact pin (1) for an electrical plug (2), the electrical plug (2) cooperating with a mating plug, wherein: The contact pin (1) comprises an electrically conductive contact element (6) and a non-conductive contact protection member (8), the contact protection member (8) partially surrounding the contact element (6), wherein at least one cooling channel system (24) for conducting a cooling fluid is formed in the contact protection member (8), wherein the cooling channel system (24) comprises a cooling fluid supply portion (26) and a cooling fluid return portion (28) connected to the cooling fluid supply portion (26) in a fluid-conducting manner, and wherein the cooling channel system (24) extends at least to a distal end (10) of the contact element (6), the distal end (10) facing the mating plug; And wherein an internal bypass (58) is formed at the proximal end (12), the internal bypass (58) directly connecting the cooling fluid supply part (26) and the cooling fluid return part (28).

2. The stylus (1) according to claim 1, wherein The contact element (6) at least partially forms a wall of the cooling channel system (24).

3. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The contact protection member (8) carries the contact element (6).

4. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: Two opposite side surfaces (34) of the contact pin (1) are formed by the contact element (6), and two other opposite side surfaces (36) of the contact pin (1) are formed by the contact guard (8).

5. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The free end (11) of the contact protection piece (8) exceeds the distal end (10) of the contact element (6).

6. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The contact protection piece (8) extends along the contact element (6) beyond two ends (10, 12) of the contact element (6).

7. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: At least a portion (70) of the cooling channel system (24) is arranged beyond the distal end (10) of the contact element (6).

8. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The contact element (6) comprises at least two opposing parts (14a, 14b), and the cooling channel system (24) is arranged between the at least two opposing parts.

9. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: At a proximal end (12) opposite to a distal end (10) of the contact element (6), a port (48) for each of a cooling fluid supply (26) and a cooling fluid return (28) is located.

10. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The cooling channel system (24) extends at least over the entire length of the contact element (6).

11. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The cooling channel system (24) includes a U-shaped path.

12. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: A partition wall (60) extends in the cooling channel system (24).

13. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: At least one temperature sensor (74) is arranged in the contact protection element (8), and the at least one temperature sensor is connected to the outer surface (22) of the contact element (6) in a thermally conductive manner.

14. The stylus (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The contact protection piece (8) forms a touch protection device (72) covering the distal end (10) of the contact element (6).

15. An electrical plug (2) comprising at least one contact pin (1) and a pin plug board (78) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The at least one contact pin (1) is fixed in the pin insertion plate (78), wherein the pin insertion plate (78) comprises a finger protection wall (100) and thus serves together with a contact protection piece (8) of the contact pin (1) as a touch protection device (72) for the contact element (6).

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