A type of elastic wheel noise reduction plate

Abstract

This invention relates to an elastic wheel noise reduction plate, comprising a first noise reduction unit, a second noise reduction unit, and an intermediate damping layer. The first noise reduction unit includes a first upper metal plate, a first damping layer, and a first lower metal plate stacked sequentially. The second noise reduction unit includes a second upper metal plate, a second damping layer, and a second lower metal plate stacked sequentially. The second lower metal plate includes an extension region connected to the first lower metal plate via the intermediate damping layer. A perforated groove is provided on the wheel spokes. The first noise reduction unit connects to the sidewall of the spokes, forming a cantilever structure at the perforated groove. Compared with existing technologies, this invention adopts a stepped structure, increasing the stagger between the plates, thus increasing the deformation amplitude of the damping layer during vibration, particularly improving axial energy absorption, increasing energy dissipation, and enhancing the noise reduction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of train wheel noise reduction, and in particular to an elastic wheel noise reduction plate. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number of urban rail transit and tram lines worldwide, environmental requirements for railway noise are becoming increasingly stringent. Reducing noise at the source may be more appealing than erecting sound barriers, but this requires a thorough analysis of the noise-generating mechanisms and methods for evaluating the effectiveness of proposed solutions.

[0003] Extensive research has been conducted on the vibratory acoustics of resilient train wheels, demonstrating that the wheels are a key component contributing to track noise. The main sources of resilient wheel noise can be categorized as rolling noise, impact noise, or whistling, with the latter being the most difficult to mitigate. Wheel whistling is considered a phenomenon of unstable vibration in resilient wheels, rather than resonance. Sufficient positive damping can stabilize vibration and reduce whistling; therefore, whistling can be eliminated by increasing the damping of the resilient wheel, such as by adding noise-reducing devices or materials to the wheel structure.

[0004] Current technologies typically involve simply fixing noise-reducing plates to the wheels to increase wheel damping and thus reduce noise. However, existing noise-reducing plates have a simple structure, can only absorb a limited amount of vibration energy, and their noise reduction effect needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an elastic wheel noise reduction plate to improve noise reduction performance.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An elastic wheel noise reduction plate includes a first noise reduction unit, a second noise reduction unit, and an intermediate damping layer. The first noise reduction unit includes a first upper metal plate, a first damping layer, and a first lower metal plate stacked sequentially. The second noise reduction unit includes a second upper metal plate, a second damping layer, and a second lower metal plate stacked sequentially. The second lower metal plate includes an extension region, which is connected to the first lower metal plate through the intermediate damping layer. A hollow groove is provided on the spoke of the wheel. The first noise reduction unit is connected to the side wall of the spoke, so that the second noise reduction unit forms a cantilever structure at the hollow groove.

[0008] Furthermore, in the first noise reduction unit, both ends of the first lower metal plate are provided with extension ends, and the extension ends are provided with first mounting holes. The first lower metal plate is fixed to the side wall of the panel by passing through the first mounting holes with first bolts.

[0009] Furthermore, the first damping layer includes two unit layers, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the interlayer between the first upper metal plate and the first lower metal plate, and there is a gap between the two unit layers.

[0010] Furthermore, an intermediate metal plate is provided in the gap area, and the first upper metal plate, the first lower metal plate and the intermediate metal plate are all provided with corresponding second mounting holes. The second bolt passes through the first upper metal plate, the intermediate metal plate and the first lower metal plate in sequence and then connects to the side wall of the panel.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes noise-reducing rivets, which sequentially pass through and connect the first upper metal plate, the first damping layer, the first lower metal plate, the intermediate damping layer, and the second lower metal plate.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple elastic wheel noise reduction plates are evenly distributed in a circular shape on the wheel spokes.

[0013] Furthermore, one side of the intermediate damping layer is bonded to the second lower metal plate, and the other side is bonded to the first lower metal plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the intermediate damping layer, the first damping layer, and the second damping layer are all rubber layers.

[0015] Furthermore, the overall stacking thickness of the elastic wheel noise reduction plate is less than 1 cm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The present invention designs a stepped first noise reduction unit and a second noise reduction unit, which are connected by an intermediate damping layer, so that the second noise reduction unit forms a cantilever. As a result, the intermediate damping layer can generate a large deformation, increasing the energy dissipation. At the same time, the second noise reduction unit can effectively absorb the axial vibration from the wheel through swinging, thus comprehensively improving the noise reduction effect.

[0018] 2) Both ends of the first lower metal plate are provided with extension ends, which can serve as both a fixed structure and an additional dynamic vibration absorption structure, helping the noise reduction plate to generate greater deformation and absorb more energy when the wheel vibrates.

[0019] 3) The first damping layer may include two unit layers with an intermediate metal plate between the two unit layers. In this structure, the damping layer can mainly undergo axial deformation when the wheel vibrates, which is used to absorb the axial energy when the wheel vibrates, and helps the first damping layer to make greater deformation.

[0020] 4) The present invention also includes a noise-reducing rivet. When the wheel vibrates, the first damping layer 12 and the intermediate damping layer 3 can generate a slight rotational misalignment around the noise-reducing rivet 7, which can be better used to absorb the radial energy of the wheel.

[0021] 5) The overall layer thickness of the present invention is less than 1 cm, the weight is relatively light, the impact on the original natural frequency of the wheel is small, and the application range is wide. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the noise reduction board in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the noise reduction board from another angle in Embodiment 1.

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the installation structure of the noise reduction board in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation layout of the noise reduction board in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 5 The curves show the comparison of the axial vibration velocity levels of the wheel before and after installation under wheel-rail roughness excitation, calculated numerically by the finite element boundary element software in Example 1.

[0027] The curve connected by the thick gray line represents the axial vibration velocity level curve of the wheel after installing Example 1; the other curve represents the axial vibration velocity level curve of the wheel without Example 1 installed; where the vertical axis represents the axial vibration velocity level in dB and the horizontal axis represents the noise frequency in Hz.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the noise reduction board in Example 2.

[0029] Figure 7 The curves show the comparison of the axial vibration velocity levels of the wheel before and after installation under wheel-rail roughness excitation, calculated by the finite element boundary element software in Example 2.

[0030] The curve connected by the thick gray line represents the axial vibration velocity level curve of the wheel after the installation of Example 2; the other two curves represent the axial vibration velocity level curve of the wheel without the installation of Example 2; where the vertical axis represents the axial vibration velocity level in dB and the horizontal axis represents the noise frequency in Hz.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1-First noise reduction unit; 11-First upper metal plate; 12-First damping layer; 121-Unit layer; 122-Intermediate metal plate; 123-Second mounting hole; 13-First lower metal plate; 131-Extension end; 132-First mounting hole; 14-Noise reduction rivet; 2-Second noise reduction unit; 21-Second upper metal plate; 22-Second damping layer; 23-Second lower metal plate; 231-Extension area; 3-Intermediate damping layer; 4-Hollowed groove; 5-First bolt; 6-Second bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an elastic wheel noise reduction plate, including a first noise reduction unit 1, a second noise reduction unit 2, and an intermediate damping layer 3.

[0035] The first noise reduction unit 1 includes a first upper metal plate 11, a first damping layer 12, and a first lower metal plate 13 stacked sequentially. The second noise reduction unit 2 includes a second upper metal plate 21, a second damping layer 22, and a second lower metal plate 23 stacked sequentially. One side of the second lower metal plate 23 includes an extension region 231, which is connected to the bottom surface of the first lower metal plate 13 through an intermediate damping layer 3. The intermediate damping layer 3, the second lower metal plate 23, and the first lower metal plate 13 are all bonded together with strong liquid adhesive.

[0036] In this embodiment, both ends of the first lower metal plate 13 are provided with extension ends 131, and each extension end 131 is provided with a first mounting hole 132. Thus, the first noise reduction unit 1, together with the second noise reduction unit 2, can be fixed to the wheel spokes by passing a first bolt 5 through the first mounting hole 132. The first damping layer 12 includes two unit layers 121, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the interlayer between the first upper metal plate 11 and the first lower metal plate 13, with a gap between the two unit layers 121. Further, an intermediate metal plate 122 is provided within the gap. Second mounting holes 123 are provided on the first upper metal plate 11, the first lower metal plate 13, and the intermediate metal plate 122, respectively. Thus, the wheel spokes can be connected by passing a second bolt 6 sequentially through the second mounting holes 123 of the first upper metal plate 11, the intermediate metal plate 122, and the first lower metal plate 13, thereby strengthening the overall fixation of the noise reduction plate. At the same time, this structure allows the first damping layer 12 to deform mainly along the wheel axis when the wheel vibrates, which is used to absorb the axial energy when the wheel vibrates, and helps the first damping layer 12 to make greater deformation.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the specific installation structure of this embodiment is as follows: a hollow groove 4 is provided in the center of the wheel spokes, and the two ends of the first lower metal plate 13 are fixed to the spokes by the first bolts 5, so that the second noise reduction unit 2 is fitted into the hollow groove 4, and a cantilever is formed at a certain distance from the bottom of the hollow groove 4. Through this structure, the suspended second noise reduction unit 2 can effectively absorb the axial vibration of the wheel and improve the noise reduction effect.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown in this embodiment, four elastic wheel noise reduction plates are evenly distributed in a circular shape on the wheel spokes.

[0039] In this embodiment, all metal plates are made of steel, and all damping layers are made of rubber. The metal plates and damping layers in each noise reduction unit are fixed together with adhesive, ensuring that the mechanical properties of the noise reduction plate material are essentially the same as those of the wheel material, thus improving the stability of wheel operation. Simultaneously, the overall stack thickness of the elastic wheel noise reduction plate is less than 1 cm, resulting in a lightweight design, minimal impact on wheel modal characteristics, and a wide range of applications.

[0040] This embodiment designs a stepped first noise reduction unit 1 and a second noise reduction unit 2, which are connected by an intermediate damping layer 3, so that the second noise reduction unit 2 forms a cantilever. As a result, the intermediate damping layer 3 can undergo a large deformation, increasing energy dissipation. At the same time, the second noise reduction unit 2 can effectively absorb the axial vibration from the wheel through swinging, thus comprehensively improving the noise reduction effect.

[0041] like Figure 5 The figure shows a comparison curve of the axial vibration velocity level of the wheel before and after the installation of this embodiment, calculated numerically by finite element boundary element software, under wheel-rail roughness excitation. The thick gray curve represents the axial vibration velocity level of the wheel after the noise reduction plate of this embodiment is installed, while the other curve represents the axial vibration velocity level without the noise reduction plate of this embodiment installed; the vertical axis represents the axial vibration velocity level in dB, and the horizontal axis represents the noise frequency in Hz. Figure 5 As can be seen, after installing the noise reduction board of this embodiment, the noise generated by the axial vibration of the wheel is significantly reduced in the significant frequency range of wheel-rail whistling (2000-4000Hz), indicating that the wheel noise has been effectively controlled.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides an elastic wheel noise reduction plate, including a first noise reduction unit 1, a second noise reduction unit 2, and an intermediate damping layer 3. The overall structure of this embodiment is similar to that of Embodiment 1, the difference being that the structure of the first damping layer 12 in the first noise reduction unit 1 is different.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first damping layer 12 is a complete rubber layer. This embodiment also includes a noise-reducing rivet 7, which sequentially passes through and connects the first upper metal plate 11, the first damping layer 12, the first lower metal plate 13, the intermediate damping layer 3, and the second lower metal plate 23. When the wheel vibrates, the first damping layer 12 and the intermediate damping layer 3 can generate a slight rotational misalignment around the noise-reducing rivet 7, which can better absorb the radial energy of the wheel.

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, the curves compare the radial vibration velocity levels of the wheel before and after installing the noise reduction plate of this embodiment, calculated numerically by finite element boundary element software, under wheel-rail roughness excitation. The thick gray curve represents the radial vibration velocity level of the wheel after installing the noise reduction plate of this embodiment, while the other curve represents the radial vibration velocity level of the wheel without the noise reduction plate of this embodiment; the vertical axis represents the radial vibration velocity level in dB, and the horizontal axis represents the noise frequency in Hz. Figure 7 As can be seen, after installing the noise reduction board of this embodiment, the noise generated by the radial vibration of the wheel is significantly reduced in the significant frequency range of wheel-rail whistling (2000-4000Hz), indicating that the wheel noise has been effectively controlled.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A type of elastic wheel noise reduction plate, characterized in that, The system includes a first noise reduction unit (1), a second noise reduction unit (2), and an intermediate damping layer (3). The first noise reduction unit (1) includes a first upper metal plate (11), a first damping layer (12), and a first lower metal plate (13) stacked in sequence. The second noise reduction unit (2) includes a second upper metal plate (21), a second damping layer (22), and a second lower metal plate (23) stacked in sequence. The second lower metal plate (23) includes an extension area (231), which is connected to the first lower metal plate (13) through the intermediate damping layer (3). The spokes of the wheel are provided with a hollow groove (4). The first noise reduction unit (1) is connected to the side wall of the spokes, so that the second noise reduction unit (2) forms a cantilever structure at the hollow groove (4). One side of the intermediate damping layer (3) is bonded to the second lower metal plate (23), and the other side is bonded to the first lower metal plate (13); The overall thickness of the elastic wheel noise reduction plate is less than 1 cm.

2. The elastic wheel noise reduction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first noise reduction unit (1), both ends of the first lower metal plate (13) are provided with extension ends (131), and the extension ends (131) are provided with first mounting holes (132). The first lower metal plate (13) is fixed to the side wall of the plate by passing through the first mounting holes (132) with first bolts (5).

3. The elastic wheel noise reduction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first damping layer (12) includes two unit layers (121), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the interlayer between the first upper metal plate (11) and the first lower metal plate (13), and there is a gap between the two unit layers (121).

4. The elastic wheel noise reduction plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, A middle metal plate (122) is provided in the gap area. The first upper metal plate (11), the first lower metal plate (13) and the middle metal plate (122) are all provided with corresponding second mounting holes (123). The second bolt (6) passes through the first upper metal plate (11), the middle metal plate (122) and the first lower metal plate (13) in sequence and then connects to the side wall of the panel.

5. The elastic wheel noise reduction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes noise-reducing rivets (7), which pass through and connect the first upper metal plate (11), the first damping layer (12), the first lower metal plate (13), the intermediate damping layer (3), and the second lower metal plate (23) in sequence.

6. The elastic wheel noise reduction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple elastic wheel noise reduction plates are evenly distributed in a circular shape on the wheel spokes.

7. The elastic wheel noise reduction plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate damping layer (3), the first damping layer (12), and the second damping layer (22) are all rubber layers.

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