A method for detecting and treating adhesions on the shield body of a tunnel boring machine.

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for detecting and treating adhesions on the shield of a tunnel boring machine. First, a detection method combining a total station and an ultrasonic detection method is used to detect the specific position of the adhesions on the shield of the tunnel boring machine and the adhesion coverage area for subsequent treatment; then hot water is injected into the periphery of the adhesions on the shield through radial holes of the shield or openings on the shield, so that the adhesions are soaked and softened in the hot water; then the adhesions are removed in sequence through the dispersing effect of a dispersant, the friction effect of steel slag or gravel, the scraping effect of an external anchor rod, and the dredging effect of a dredge. The present invention can realize accurate detection and treatment of adhesions on the shield, thereby reducing the deformation problem that may occur on the shield, and reducing the risk of subsequent treatment of deformation of the shield and adhesions behind it that consumes a lot of manpower and material resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel engineering, and more specifically, to a method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine. Background Art

[0002] The shield machine usually consists of four parts: the cutterhead, the cutting ring, the support ring and the tail shield. A large number of steel structural components are installed inside the cutting ring and the support ring, which provide an installation foundation for the cutterhead drive mechanism and the thrust cylinder, and at the same time provide support for the shield body, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the shield body. The tail shield, as a working space for transporting and assembling the segments, is usually designed as a thin-walled cylindrical structure. In addition, since the layout of various pipelines requires opening holes or milling grooves on the tail shield steel plate, the tail shield becomes the most flexible and weakest part of the shield machine. During the tunnel excavation construction process, the shield machine needs to withstand large external water and soil pressures. In particular, when it needs to correct deviations or encounters obstacles, additional stress will be generated, which can easily cause deformation of the shield tail.

[0003] At present, shield tunnels are developing in the direction of large diameter, large burial depth and long distance excavation. The demand for large-diameter highway tunnels and dual-use highway and railway tunnels across rivers and undersea is increasing, which puts higher requirements on the manufacturing technology and working performance of shield machines. At the same time, the probability of deformation of the tail shield is also increasing. Since the tail part of the shield is the weak part of the shield machine, it is inevitable that some soil, sand, etc. will adhere to it during the contact with the stratum. Under the high temperature generated by friction, it is very easy for the adhesion to harden and become difficult to handle. Over time, with the increase of external attachments of the shield body and the increase of hardening degree, stress concentration is very likely to occur during the contact with the stratum, causing the shield body to deform near the adhesion, which can easily cause the segments to be unable to be assembled, and the ring segments cannot be removed from the shield tail. The problem causes the shield machine to be trapped and unable to continue excavation, affecting the construction period and construction quality.

[0004] There is no effective method to deal with the current problem of shield adhesion, which is also a stubborn problem that plagues the construction front line. In order to solve the problem of shield deformation caused by the above-mentioned shield adhesion, this application discloses a set of effective methods for detecting and treating shield adhesion of shield machine, reducing the risk of shield deformation caused by shield adhesion. Summary of the invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and processing shield body adhesions of a shield machine, which can realize accurate detection and processing of shield body adhesions, thereby reducing the possible deformation problem of the shield body and reducing the risk of subsequent consumption of a large amount of manpower and material resources to process shield body deformation and adhesions behind it.

[0006] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Use a combination of total station and ultrasonic detection to detect the specific location of shield machine shield adhesion and adhesion coverage area for subsequent processing;

[0008] S2: hot water is injected into the periphery of the shield body adhesion through the shield body radial holes or the openings on the shield body, so that the adhesion is soaked in the hot water to soften;

[0009] S3: injecting a dispersant into the periphery of the shield body adhesion through the radial holes of the shield body or the openings on the shield body, so that the shield body adhesion is wrapped by the dispersant, and the adhesion is soaked and removed through the dispersion effect;

[0010] S4: Check whether the adhesions have been removed to meet the set requirements. If they have been removed, continue the subsequent excavation work. If they have not been removed, inject steel slag or gravel into the outer periphery of the shield adhesions through the shield radial holes or the openings on the shield to scrape and remove the shield adhesions through friction.

[0011] S5: Check whether the adhesions have been removed to meet the set requirements. If they have been removed, continue the subsequent excavation work. If they have not been removed, drive an external anchor rod into the stratum outside the shield at the periphery of the adhesions through the radial holes of the shield or the openings on the shield, and remove the adhesions on the shield through the lower end of the anchor rod;

[0012] S6: Check whether the adhesions have been removed to meet the set requirements. If they have been removed, continue the subsequent excavation work. If they have not been removed, insert a dredger into the adhesion location through the radial holes of the shield or the openings on the shield, and remove the adhesions by moving the drill bit of the dredger.

[0013] Preferably, the step S1 specifically includes:

[0014] S11: Before the shield machine is excavated or the shield body of the shield machine is deformed, multiple different measuring points are arranged on the same section of the shield body of the shield machine, and multiple different measuring points are arranged on multiple different sections. The three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point are measured by a total station, and the initial cross-section diagram is obtained as the original data by processing using data fitting;

[0015] S12: During excavation, when the jack cylinder shoe rubs against the inner rib plate of the shield shell during the extension and retraction process, it is necessary to detect shield deformation or shield adhesion, select multiple monitoring sections that are the same as the initial section, and arrange multiple measuring points that are the same as the initial section in step S11 on the multiple monitoring sections of the shield to be tested, use a total station to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the same point measuring point on different monitoring sections, use software to perform two-dimensional circle fitting, and you can get the deformed shield section fitting circle, and combine it with the initial section fitting circle, draw concentric circles according to the size of 1:1, and form a comparison chart;

[0016] S13: Compare the shield section fitting circles before and after deformation, calibrate all areas where the shield deformation is not greater than the distance between the jack cylinder support shoe and the shield shell inner rib plate, and set them as deformed sections, which are sections that need to be treated for adhesion;

[0017] S14: Performing ultrasonic detailed detection on the deformed section, using ultrasonic detection method to perform ultrasonic detection on the shield body, obtaining waveform change diagrams of different sections, and drawing the adhesion coverage area, i.e., the area size, according to the waveform change conditions of multiple sections.

[0018] Preferably, the distance between the jack oil cylinder support shoe and the inner rib plate of the shield shell is obtained by subtracting the radius of the circular surface where the jack oil cylinder support shoe is located from the thickness of the inner rib plate of the shield shell from the radius of the shield body.

[0019] Preferably, the shield body is provided with a pipeline and an injection device, the injection device is arranged inside the shield body, connected to one end of the pipeline, the other end of the pipeline passes through the radial hole of the shield body or the opening on the shield body and extends to the periphery of the adhesion, and the dispersant, steel slag or gravel is injected into the periphery of the adhesion along the pipeline through the injection device.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, a plurality of anchor rods are driven into the same cross-section of the shield at intervals, and the plurality of anchor rods are distributed in a triangular "broom" pattern with the upper ends gathered and the lower ends spread out.

[0021] Preferably, anchor rods with multiple cross sections are arranged at intervals along the excavation direction.

[0022] Preferably, in step S5, after the anchor rod is driven in, after a short excavation, the external anchor rod is continuously driven into the stratum outside the shield body located at the periphery of the adhesion through the radial hole of the shield body or the opening on the shield body.

[0023] Preferably, the clearing device includes a telescopic mechanism, a pipeline, a cleaning spring and a drill bit, the telescopic mechanism is arranged inside the shield body, one end of the pipeline extends to the periphery of the adhesion, and the other end is fixed through the radial hole of the shield body or the opening on the shield body and is located inside the shield body, the cleaning spring is located in the pipeline and after being bent, one end is connected to the drill bit and the other end is connected to the telescopic mechanism, and the drill bit is located on the adhesion.

[0024] Preferably, checking whether the adhesions are removed to meet the set requirements specifically includes: using ultrasonic detection to detect whether the adhesions are removed, specifically detecting whether there is a difference in the measured waveform.

[0025] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] This application starts with the slight deformation of the shield body, and uses a detection method combining a total station and an ultrasonic detection method to analyze the distribution pattern and area size of possible shield body adhesions, providing reliable technical support for the subsequent treatment of shield body adhesions, saving a lot of unnecessary working time, and improving the treatment efficiency of shield body adhesions; on the other hand, in response to the detection of existing shield body adhesions, a variety of methods are used in coordination and cooperation, such as soaking and softening the shield body adhesions with dispersants or scraping the shield body adhesions with anchor rods, and mechanically dredging with a turnable dredging device, which greatly improves the dredging and cleaning efficiency of the shield body adhesions, and saves time for shield body deformation treatment.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is an overall flow chart of the shield machine shield body adhesion detection and treatment method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic elevation diagram of detecting the deformation and concavity of the shield body of a shield machine according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of shield deformation of the shield machine of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of shield deformation of the shield machine of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of shield deformation of the shield machine of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of shield deformation of the shield machine of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic plan view of detecting the deformation and concavity of the shield body of a shield machine according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of deformation calculation of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of waveform changes of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a method for treating shield body adhesion of a shield machine with a dispersant according to the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the method for treating shield body adhesion of a shield machine with steel slag and gravel according to the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of a method for treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine by using an external anchor rod according to the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the "broom-style" arrangement and removal of the external anchor rods of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of a method for using a spring-type bendable dredging device to dredge shield body adhesion.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Shield body, 2. Measuring point, 3. Total station, 4. Bracket, 5. Monitoring section, 6. Shield machine shell, 7. Inner surface of shield machine, 8. Shield deformation curve, 9. Shield design curve, 10. Ultrasonic transmitting device, 11. Ultrasonic wave, 12. Shield tail cylinder, 13. Assembled segments, 14. Shield tail brush, 15. Dispersant, 16. Adhesions, 17. Control ball valve, 18. Injection equipment, 19. Pipeline, 20. Slag or gravel, 21. Formation, 22. Anchor rod, 23. Shield shell opening, 24. Drill bit, 25. Cleaning spring, 26. Telescopic mechanism, 27. Support shoe, 28. Inner rib plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0045] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 The figure shows the entire construction flow chart of the present invention. The present invention provides a method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine, including two major parts: detection and treatment, as follows:

[0047] Adhesion detection method (using a total station 3 combined with an ultrasonic detection method to detect the specific location of the adhesion 16 of the shield body 1 of the shield machine and the coverage area of ​​the adhesion 16 for subsequent processing):

[0048] Figure 2 The figure shows the shield body 1 of the shield machine without deformation and the schematic diagram of the detection arrangement. Figure 3-6 The diagram shows four situations of shield body 1 deformation of the shield machine. The dotted lines in the figure represent the same detection point 2 corresponding to multiple monitoring sections 5 relative to Figure 2 The deviation of the original data graph shown in indicates that the shield body 1 of the shield machine has been deformed at this measuring point 2. Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a shield body 1 of a shield machine that has been deformed. In the figure, the tail cylinder 12 located between the shield machine housing 6 and the inner surface 7 of the shield machine is marked with serial numbers to facilitate better identification and description of the deformation position. The shield body design curve 9 is a shield body curve of the shield machine in an undeformed or unexcavated state, and the shield body deformation curve 8 is a curve diagram of the shield body of the shield machine after deformation in the excavation state. The two are shown in FIG. Figure 7 A comparison diagram is given in order to better show the deformation and concave-convex situation. The distance between the two curves is the deformation of the shield body 1. Figure 7 The diagram is only a schematic diagram and does not fully represent the actual construction drawing.

[0049] S11: Figure 2 As shown, before the shield machine is excavated or the shield body 1 of the shield machine is deformed, multiple different measuring points 2 are arranged on the same section of the shield body 1 of the shield machine, and multiple different measuring points 2 are arranged on multiple different sections. The three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point 2 are measured by a total station 3, and the total station 3 is supported in the shield body by a bracket 4. The initial cross-sectional diagram is obtained as the original data by processing using data fitting;

[0050] S12: Figures 3 to 6 As shown, during excavation, when the jack cylinder shoe 27 rubs against the inner rib plate 28 of the shield shell during the extension and retraction process, it is necessary to detect the deformation of the shield body 1 or the adhesion 16 of the shield body 1, select multiple monitoring sections 5 that are the same as the initial section, arrange multiple measuring points 2 that are the same as the initial section in step S11 on the multiple monitoring sections 5 of the shield body 1 to be tested, use the total station 3 to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the same measuring point 2 on different monitoring sections 5, use the software to perform two-dimensional circle fitting, and obtain the deformed shield body 1 section fitting circle, and combine it with the initial section fitting circle, draw concentric circles according to the size of 1:1, and form a comparison chart;

[0051] S13: Figure 7 As shown, the cross-sectional fitting circles of the shield body 1 before and after deformation are compared, and all areas where the deformation of the shield body 1 is not greater than the distance between the jack cylinder shoe 27 and the shield shell inner rib plate 28 are calibrated and set as deformed sections, which are sections that need to be processed with the adhesion 16; the distance between the jack cylinder shoe 27 and the shield shell inner rib plate 28 is obtained by subtracting the radius value R of the shield body 1 from the radius value r of the circular surface where the jack cylinder shoe 27 is located and then subtracting the thickness value L of the shield shell inner rib plate 28, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown;

[0052] S14: Perform ultrasonic 11 detailed detection on the deformed section, emit ultrasonic 11 through the ultrasonic emitting device 10, perform ultrasonic 11 detection on the shield body 1 by using the ultrasonic 11 detection method, obtain waveform change diagrams of different sections, and draw the coverage area of ​​the adhesion 16, i.e., the area size, according to the waveform change conditions of multiple sections, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the framed area is the area where the adhesive 16 is present.

[0053] Adhesion treatment method:

[0054] Figure 10-14 The structure of the assembled pipe segment 13 and the shield tail brush 14 is also shown.

[0055] (1) A large amount of hot water is injected near the adhesive 16 on the shield body 1 through the radial holes of the shield body 1 itself or the openings set on the shield body 1 (i.e., the shield shell) to the adhesive 16 of the shield body 1. After being soaked in hot water, the adhesive 16 will be further softened, and the strength of the adhesive 16 will be reduced, which is convenient for subsequent treatment of the adhesive 16;

[0056] (2) Fig.10As shown, when the shield body 1 adhesion 16 is attached near the radial hole, the shield body 1 radial hole can be used to inject the dispersant 15 to the outside of the shield body 1, and the shield body 1 adhesion 16 is soaked and removed by the dispersing effect of the dispersant 15; when the shield body 1 adhesion 16 is far away from the radial hole of the shield body 1, it can be considered to open a hole near the shield body 1 adhesion 16, and use the hole to inject the dispersant 15 to the outside of the shield body 1, so as to achieve the work of soaking and removing the shield body 1 adhesion 16;

[0057] (3) Fig.11 As shown, when the effect of injecting the dispersant 15 outside the shield body 1 is not good, that is, when the adhesion 16 does not meet the set cleaning requirements, the high strength of the shield shell of the shield machine can be used to inject steel slag or gravel with large friction resistance outside the shield body 1, and the strong friction resistance between the shield machine and the steel slag or gravel 20 can be used to scrape the adhesion 16 attached to the shield body 1, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the adhesion 16;

[0058] The shield body 1 is provided with a pipeline 19 and an injection device 18. The injection device 18 is arranged inside the shield body 1 and is connected to one end of the pipeline 19. The other end of the pipeline 19 passes through the radial hole of the shield body 1 or the opening on the shield body 1 and extends to the periphery of the adhesion 16. The dispersant 15, steel slag or gravel 20 are all injected into the periphery of the adhesion 16 along the pipeline 19 through the injection device 18. A control ball valve 17 is provided on the pipeline 19.

[0059] (4) Fig.12 As shown, when the effect of the steel slag or gravel 20 on the shield body 1 scraping the shield body 1 adhesion 16 is not good, that is, the adhesion 16 does not meet the set cleaning requirements, the anchor rod 22 machine can be used to drive the external anchor rod 22 into the formation 21. The external anchor rod 22 can be embedded with multiple sections of anchor rods 22 according to the conditions of the formation 21. The anchor rod 22 driven into the formation 21 needs to be firmly embedded in the formation 21 to ensure the effect of the subsequent anchor rod 22 scraping the shield body 1 adhesion 16, that is, the anchor rod 22 cannot be tilted or bent when removing the adhesion 16.

[0060] When driving the anchor rod 22, attention should be paid to the angle and depth of the anchor rod 22. In one embodiment, three shield openings 23 are generally opened on the same section near the adhesive 16, such as Fig.13 As shown, from top to bottom, holes 1, 2 and 3 are arranged. Hole 2 is driven perpendicular to the stratum 21, and the driving depth is determined according to the firmness of the anchor rod 22. Hole 1 is driven obliquely toward hole 2, and hole 3 is also driven obliquely toward hole 2, so that holes 1, 2 and 3 form a "broom" distribution similar to a triangle. After the anchor rod 22 is driven in and its firmness is checked, the "principle of sweeping the floor with a broom" is used to clean up the adhesion 16 outside the shield.

[0061] By reasonably designing the length of the external anchor rod 22 and ensuring the stability of the anchor rod 22 embedded in the stratum 21, the shield machine excavation mode is maintained, and at the same time, the shield machine posture is fine-tuned (up, down, left, and right adjustments are made to ensure that the anchor rod 22 can scrape off the adhesion 16 on the shield body 1) and the shield machine excavation speed is controlled. The resistance of the external anchor rod 22 and the instantaneous impact of the shield machine are used to instantly scrape off the adhesion 16 on the shield body 1, thereby achieving the removal of the attachments on the shield body 1.

[0062] After excavating a short section, if the scraping effect of the three anchor rods 22 in the initial section is not good, it can be considered to drive the anchor rods 22 again in the same hole position of the section according to the above-mentioned triangular "broom" shaped anchor rod 22 arrangement, and clean the adhesion 16 again until the adhesion 16 outside the shield shell is cleaned up.

[0063] (5) Fig.14 As shown, when the effect of scraping the shield body 1 adhesion 16 after the anchor rod 22 is driven outside the shield body 1 is not ideal, consider placing a dredging device near the shield body 1 adhesion 16 by using radial holes or openings, the dredging device includes a telescopic mechanism 26, a pipeline 19, a cleaning spring 25 and a drill bit 24, the telescopic mechanism 26 is arranged inside the shield body 1, one end of the pipeline 19 extends to the periphery of the adhesion 16, and the other end is fixed through the radial hole of the shield body 1 or the opening on the shield body 1 and is located inside the shield body 1, the cleaning spring 25 is located in the pipeline and connected to the drill bit 24 at one end after bending, and the other end is connected to the telescopic mechanism 26, and the drill bit 24 is located on the adhesion 16. The turnability of the dredging drill bit 24 inside the dredging device (realized by the high-strength cleaning spring 25 that can be turned) is used to realize the dredging of the shield body 1 adhesion 16 within a certain range in the excavation direction through the upward and downward telescopic mechanism 26. The flexible dredging drill 24 inside the dredging tool is pressed into the outside of the shield body 1 by using the dredging tool power device, and the orientation of the dredging tool opening direction (i.e. the orientation of the outside of the cleaning spring 25) is used to adjust the orientation to remove the shield body 1 adhesion 16 on the shield shell.

[0064] The above-mentioned inspection of whether the adhesion has been removed to meet the set requirements or the inspection of the cleaning effect is not good is specifically as follows: using ultrasonic detection to detect whether the adhesion has been removed, specifically to detect whether there is a difference in the measured waveform. When the ultrasonic wave is detecting, a certain gap will appear between the formation and the shield. When the ultrasonic wave passes through the two media of the adhesion (solid) and the gap (gas), the propagation speed, amplitude and attenuation of the ultrasonic wave in the two media will be different, resulting in a difference in the measured waveform, such as Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, there is a bend, so an ultrasonic detection device is used to scan and detect along the inner arc surface of the shield shell. By observing the waveform, the extent to which the adhesion has been cleaned can be seen, and it can be judged whether the cleaning effect meets the set requirements.

[0065] The detection method combines the detection of the total station 3 with the detection of the ultrasonic wave 11, further enhancing the detection accuracy of the deformation of the shield body 1 and the possible adhesion 16 on the shield body 1, and realizing the accurate positioning of the distribution, area and hardness of the adhesion 16 on the shield body; and in view of the existing adhesion 16 on the shield body 1, the present invention provides several effective treatment methods by making full use of the characteristics of the shield machine itself, the adhesion 16 and the device, and taking into account the operability and treatment effect of the method, and these methods can be freely combined according to the conditions of the stratum 21 and the characteristics of the adhesion 16 on the shield body 1, so as to achieve the effect of removing the adhesion 16 on the shield body 1.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Use a combination of total station and ultrasonic detection to detect the specific location of shield machine shield adhesion and adhesion coverage area for subsequent processing; S2: hot water is injected into the periphery of the shield body adhesion through the shield body radial holes or the openings on the shield body, so that the adhesion is soaked in the hot water to soften; S3: injecting a dispersant into the periphery of the shield body adhesion through the radial holes of the shield body or the openings on the shield body, so that the shield body adhesion is wrapped by the dispersant, and the adhesion is soaked and removed through the dispersion effect; S4: Check whether the adhesions have been removed to meet the set requirements. If they have been removed, continue the subsequent excavation work. If they have not been removed, inject steel slag or gravel into the outer periphery of the shield adhesions through the shield radial holes or the openings on the shield to scrape and remove the shield adhesions through friction. S5: Check whether the adhesions have been removed to meet the set requirements. If they have been removed, continue the subsequent excavation work. If they have not been removed, drive an external anchor rod into the stratum outside the shield at the periphery of the adhesions through the radial holes of the shield or the openings on the shield, and remove the adhesions on the shield through the lower end of the anchor rod; S6: Check whether the adhesions have been removed to meet the set requirements. If they have been removed, continue the subsequent excavation work. If they have not been removed, insert a dredger through the radial holes of the shield or the openings on the shield to the adhesions, and remove the adhesions by moving the drill bit of the dredger. The step S1 specifically includes: S11: Before the shield machine is excavated or the shield body of the shield machine is deformed, multiple different measuring points are arranged on the same section of the shield body of the shield machine, and multiple different measuring points are arranged on multiple different sections. The three-dimensional coordinates of each measuring point are measured by a total station, and the initial cross-section diagram is obtained as the original data by processing using data fitting; S12: During excavation, when the jack cylinder shoe rubs against the inner rib plate of the shield shell during the extension and retraction process, it is necessary to detect shield deformation or shield adhesion, select multiple monitoring sections that are the same as the initial section, and arrange multiple measuring points that are the same as the initial section in step S11 on the multiple monitoring sections of the shield to be tested, use a total station to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the same point measuring point on different monitoring sections, use software to perform two-dimensional circle fitting, and you can get the deformed shield section fitting circle, and combine it with the initial section fitting circle, draw concentric circles according to the size of 1:1, and form a comparison chart; S13: Compare the shield section fitting circles before and after deformation, calibrate all areas where the shield deformation is not greater than the distance between the jack cylinder support shoe and the shield shell inner rib plate, and set them as deformed sections, which are sections that need to be treated for adhesion; S14: Performing ultrasonic detailed detection on the deformed section, using ultrasonic detection method to perform ultrasonic detection on the shield body, obtaining waveform change diagrams of different sections, and drawing the adhesion coverage area, i.e., the area size, according to the waveform change conditions of multiple sections.

2. The method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the jack cylinder support shoe and the inner rib plate of the shield shell is obtained by subtracting the radius of the circular surface where the jack cylinder support shoe is located from the radius of the shield body and then subtracting the thickness of the inner rib plate of the shield shell.

3. The method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shield body is provided with a pipeline and an injection device. The injection device is arranged inside the shield body and connected to one end of the pipeline. The other end of the pipeline passes through the radial hole of the shield body or the opening on the shield body and then extends to the periphery of the adhesion. The dispersant, steel slag or gravel is injected into the periphery of the adhesion along the pipeline through the injection device.

4. The method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, multiple anchor rods are driven into the same cross-section of the shield at intervals, and the multiple anchor rods are distributed in a triangular "broom" shape with the upper ends gathered and the lower ends spread out.

5. The method for detecting and treating shield machine shield body adhesion according to claim 4, characterized in that: Anchor rods with multiple sections are arranged at intervals along the excavation direction.

6. The method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S5, after the anchor rod is driven in, after a short excavation, the external anchor rod is continuously driven into the stratum outside the shield body located at the periphery of the adhesion through the radial hole of the shield body or the opening on the shield body.

7. The method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearing device includes a telescopic mechanism, a pipeline, a cleaning spring and a drill bit. The telescopic mechanism is arranged inside the shield body. One end of the pipeline extends to the outer periphery of the adhesion, and the other end is fixed through the radial hole of the shield body or the opening on the shield body and is located inside the shield body. The cleaning spring is located in the pipeline and after being bent, one end is connected to the drill bit and the other end is connected to the telescopic mechanism. The drill bit is located on the adhesion.

8. The method for detecting and treating adhesions on a shield body of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Checking whether the adhesion is removed to meet the set requirements is specifically: using ultrasonic detection to detect whether the adhesion is removed, specifically detecting whether there is a difference in the measured waveform.

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