A stable gasification device and method utilizing thermal storage technology to achieve energy storage and self-heating.

Abstract

This invention discloses a stable gasification device and method utilizing thermal storage technology to achieve energy storage and self-heating. The stable gasification device includes a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a thermal storage system, and an air supply system. The thermal storage system includes an annular thermal storage chamber located at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, filled with thermal storage material. The air supply system includes a blower and an air supply coil installed in the annular thermal storage chamber. This invention recovers and stores excess heat from the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the thermal storage system, releasing heat when the temperature is too low during the pyrolysis gasification process to regulate the temperature field inside the furnace, thus achieving continuous and stable thermal conversion of combustible solid waste. Simultaneously, the air supply coil absorbs excess heat from the pyrolysis gasification furnace, increasing the air inlet temperature and reducing energy waste, thereby comprehensively improving the pyrolysis gasification efficiency and gas quality of combustible solid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment of combustible solid waste, and specifically to a stable gasification device and method that utilizes thermal storage technology to achieve energy storage and self-heating. Background Technology

[0002] Combustible solid wastes such as municipal solid waste, general industrial solid waste, agricultural and forestry waste, and municipal sludge are vast "mineral resources" with high value for resource and energy utilization. Pyrolysis gasification technology can convert combustible solid wastes into high-quality biomass combustible gas, effectively reducing fossil energy consumption and secondary environmental pollution. However, due to the high moisture content, complex composition, and uneven scale of combustible solid wastes in my country, uneven temperature distribution within the furnace often occurs during the pyrolysis gasification process. This results in fluctuating furnace temperatures, discontinuous gasification, and incomplete gasification, leading to low gasification efficiency, significant energy loss, and low utilization of gasified gas, thus affecting the overall effectiveness of the pyrolysis gasification reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a regenerative pyrolysis gasification device and method that can improve thermal conversion efficiency, reduce heat waste in the furnace, has self-temperature control capability, relies solely on the energy of the raw materials to achieve the pyrolysis gasification process, and improves the temperature field distribution in the furnace through reasonable design, thereby achieving the goal of improving the comprehensive energy utilization rate and pyrolysis gasification efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A stable gasification device that utilizes thermal storage technology to achieve energy storage and self-heating includes a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a thermal storage system, and an air supply system.

[0006] The pyrolysis gasifier is a top-suction type, divided into a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, a reduction zone and an oxidation zone from the top to the bottom of the furnace. The raw materials enter from the top, the gasifying agent enters from the bottom, and the product gas is discharged from the gas outlet on one side of the top. The ash and unburned substances produced by pyrolysis gasification are discharged from the bottom grate.

[0007] The heat storage system includes an annular heat storage chamber located at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasifier. The annular heat storage chamber is filled with heat storage material, and the temperature of the pyrolysis gasifier is regulated by the heat absorption and release process of the heat storage material.

[0008] The air supply system includes a blower and an air supply coil installed in the annular regenerator chamber. The blower has two air supply paths: one is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis gasifier via the air supply coil, and absorbs excess heat from the regenerator material through heat exchange between the air supply coil and the regenerator material, thereby increasing the temperature of the air entering the furnace; the other is directly connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis gasifier without passing through the air supply coil. This path is activated when the furnace temperature is too high, and unheated cold air is introduced to lower the furnace temperature.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat storage system also includes a thermometer and a heat storage material inlet and outlet pipe; before the pyrolysis gasifier is started or after operation, the heat storage material is replaced and filled through the pipe, and the thermometer is used to monitor the temperature of the heat storage material in the annular heat storage chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the air supply system also includes an air outlet pipe, a branch pipe, an air volume regulating valve one, an air volume regulating valve two, and an air inlet pipe;

[0011] The blower outlet is connected to the air supply coil inlet via the air outlet pipe, and the air supply coil outlet is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis gasification furnace via the air inlet pipe. The branch pipe is located outside the pyrolysis gasification furnace and is connected in parallel with the air supply coil between the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe. Air volume regulating valve one is set on the air outlet pipe between the branch pipe and the air supply coil, and air volume regulating valve two is set on the branch pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a feeding hopper, a gas outlet, a grate, an ash chamber, a thermometer, and a pressure gauge;

[0013] The feeding hopper is located at the top of the furnace body, the gas outlet is located on the top left side of the furnace body, the grate is located below the furnace body, the ash chamber is located at the bottom of the furnace body, and the thermometer and pressure gauge are located inside the furnace chamber to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the furnace.

[0014] Furthermore, the pyrolysis gasification furnace also includes a spiral slag discharge conveyor connected to the ash chamber for continuously and automatically discharging ash and slag.

[0015] Furthermore, the furnace wall of the pyrolysis gasification furnace is made of refractory bricks to protect the furnace shell and create a high-temperature reaction space inside the furnace.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer surface of the pyrolysis gasifier is covered with heat-insulating cotton to reduce heat loss from the gasifier.

[0017] Furthermore, the insulation cotton is made of aluminum silicate fiber.

[0018] Furthermore, the heat storage material is one or more of the following: ternary inorganic salts KNO3-NaNO2-NaNO3, Li2CO3-K2CO3-Na2CO3, MgCl2-NaCl-KCl, or a steel ball with heat storage capacity.

[0019] A stable gasification method utilizing thermal storage technology to achieve energy storage and self-heating is implemented using the aforementioned stable gasification device: Before starting the gasifier, thermal storage material is filled into the annular thermal storage chamber. During startup, the thermal storage material is controlled to absorb the high temperature inside the furnace, causing its temperature to rise continuously and initially store heat. When in operation, if the furnace temperature is too high, the thermal storage material absorbs excess heat from the furnace and introduces unheated gasifying agent into the furnace, achieving the purpose of cooling the furnace and heating the thermal storage material. If the furnace temperature is too low, the thermal storage material releases heat into the furnace, while the air supply coil introduces gasifying agent to preheat it, and finally introduces the preheated high-temperature gasifying agent into the furnace to achieve the goal of raising the furnace temperature.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention regulates the temperature inside the gasifier by controlling the heat absorption and release process of the heat storage material, thereby achieving self-feedback and regulation of the temperature inside the furnace and solving the problems of unstable temperature and untimely response inside the pyrolysis gasifier.

[0022] 2. The main body of the gasifier of the present invention adopts an upward suction design, in which the fixed carbon in the raw material is burned in the oxidation zone at the bottom of the furnace to provide heat for the entire pyrolysis gasification process. Excess heat generated by combustion is stored using heat storage materials as a heat source for continuous reaction. No external heat source is required, which saves energy and improves thermal efficiency.

[0023] 3. This invention couples the heat storage system with the air preheating system by installing an air supply coil in the annular heat storage chamber, thereby realizing the heat transfer process from the gasifier to the heat storage system and then to the air preheating system, thus solving the problem of heat loss during the gasification process.

[0024] 4. This invention utilizes various heat storage materials to achieve continuous and stable pyrolysis and gasification of combustible solid waste, producing high-quality combustible gas with high gas conversion rate and easy gas production. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a stable gasification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Feeding hopper; 2-Furnace chamber; 3-Gas outlet; 4-Throat; 5-Insulation layer; 6-Grate; 7-Ash chamber; 8-Spiral slag conveyor; 9-Annular regenerator chamber; 10-Regenerator material inlet pipe; 11-Regenerator material outlet pipe; 12-Regenerator material; 13-Blower; 14-Outlet pipe; 15-Air supply coil; 16-Branch pipe; 17-Inlet pipe; 18-Air volume regulating valve one; 19-Air volume regulating valve two. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Example:

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a stable gasification device that utilizes thermal storage technology to achieve energy storage and self-heating mainly includes a pyrolysis gasifier, a thermal storage system, an air supply system, and an automatic slag discharge system.

[0030] The pyrolysis gasification furnace is a top-suction type. From the top to the bottom of the furnace, it can be roughly divided into a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, a reduction zone, and an oxidation zone. The raw materials enter from the top, the gasifying agent enters from the bottom, the product gas exits from the gas outlet on one side of the top, and the ash and slag produced by pyrolysis gasification and other unburned substances are discharged from the bottom grate.

[0031] Specifically, the pyrolysis gasifier and automatic ash removal system include a feeding hopper 1, a furnace chamber 2, a gas outlet 3, a throat 4, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, an insulation layer 5, a grate 6, an ash chamber 7, and a spiral ash removal conveyor 8. The furnace chamber 2 is constructed of refractory bricks to protect the gasifier shell and create a high-temperature reaction space inside the furnace. The outer surface of the gasifier is covered with an insulation layer 5 made of aluminum silicate fiber, which mainly reduces heat loss from the gasifier.

[0032] The feeding hopper 1 is located at the top of the furnace body, the gas outlet 3 is located on the top left side of the furnace chamber 2, the throat 4 is located at the bottom of the furnace chamber 2, and thermometers and pressure gauges are located in the oxidation-reduction zone of the furnace chamber 2 to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the furnace, and to work in conjunction with the thermometers of the heat storage material to jointly control the heat storage of the heat storage material. The grate 6 is located below the throat 4, and the ash chamber 7 is located at the bottom of the furnace body. Combustible solid waste enters the furnace through the feeding hopper 1 for pyrolysis and gasification reaction. The combustible gas is discharged from the gas outlet 3 on the top left side of the furnace chamber 2, and the resulting gasified ash enters the ash chamber 7 through the grate 6, and is finally continuously discharged by the spiral ash discharge conveyor 8.

[0033] The heat storage system includes an annular heat storage chamber 9 located at the throat 4 of the pyrolysis gasifier. The upper and lower ends of the annular heat storage chamber 9 are connected to the heat storage material inlet pipe 10 and the heat storage material outlet pipe 11, respectively. The annular heat storage chamber 9 is filled with heat storage material 12. The annular heat storage chamber 9 is also equipped with a thermometer to monitor the temperature of the heat storage material.

[0034] The heat storage material can be a ternary inorganic molten salt, specifically one or more of the following: KNO3-NaNO2-NaNO3, Li2CO3-K2CO3-Na2CO3, and MgCl2-NaCl-KCl. It can also be steel balls with heat storage capacity, or other existing forms of heat storage materials. The annular heat storage chamber 9 adopts a honeycomb or mesh structure to enhance the fluidity, thermal conductivity, and heat storage capacity of the heat storage material. Through heat storage and release, the heat storage material achieves stable temperature control of the gasifier within the range of 300-800℃, improving the gasification thermal efficiency of the gasifier.

[0035] The air supply system includes a blower 13, an air outlet duct 14, an air supply coil 15, a branch pipe 16, an air inlet duct 17, an air volume regulating valve 18, and an air volume regulating valve 19. The air supply coil 15 is installed in the annular heat storage chamber 9. The outlet of the blower 13 is connected to the inlet of the air supply coil 15 via the air outlet duct 14, and the outlet of the air supply coil 15 is connected to the air inlet of the grate 6 via the air inlet duct 17. The branch pipe 16 is located in the pyrolysis gasification furnace and is connected between the air outlet duct 14 and the air inlet duct 17, forming a ring circuit in parallel with the air supply coil 15. The air volume regulating valve 18 is installed on the air outlet duct 14 between the branch pipe 16 and the air supply coil 15, and the air volume regulating valve 19 is installed on the branch pipe 16. The amount of air entering the air supply coil 15 can be controlled by the air volume regulating valve 18 and the air volume regulating valve 19.

[0036] Blower 13 is used to supply air for the gasification and incineration process. A portion of the cold air enters the air supply coil 15 to exchange heat with the heat storage material and absorb excess heat in the gasifier. The heated air then merges with another portion of the cold air in the branch pipe 16 and enters the air inlet pipe 17. The ash and slag in the grate 6 are then reheated and sent to the furnace 2 for gasification and combustion of combustible solid waste.

[0037] A stable gasification method for achieving energy storage and self-heating using thermal storage technology in this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] An air supply coil 15 is installed in the annular heat storage chamber 9 of the heat storage system, and the heat storage material is filled into the annular heat storage chamber 9.

[0039] When the temperature inside the gasifier is too high, under the condition of meeting the gasification heating requirements, the heat that is not currently in use will be exchanged with the heat storage material through heat radiation and other means, and the absorbed heat will be stored.

[0040] Once the heat storage is complete, the heat storage system of this device becomes a heat source. When the temperature drops during the next start-up and operation of the gasifier, the heat storage material will transfer the stored heat to the gasifier chamber through thermal radiation and other means to release energy. At the same time, the air supply coil will introduce cold air to absorb the heat from the heat storage material and introduce the preheated air into the furnace to increase the furnace temperature.

[0041] During the heat storage process, as the heat storage material absorbs and stores more heat, the temperature inside the annular heat storage chamber 9 also rises. The thermometer and air supply coil 15 installed inside the annular heat storage chamber 9 can ensure that the temperature will not be too high and damage the heat storage system.

[0042] The specific working process of the stable gasification device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0043] Step 1: Combustible solid waste is added into the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the feeding hopper 1. At this time, the air volume regulating valve 18 of the air supply coil 15 leading to the annular regenerator 9 is closed or reduced, and the air volume regulating valve 29 leading to the branch pipe 16 is increased. The combustible solid waste is then pyrolyzed and gasified in the furnace.

[0044] Step Two: As the combustible solid waste undergoes deep pyrolysis within the furnace, the temperature inside the gasifier rises accordingly. When the furnace temperature is too high, the heat storage material absorbs excess heat and stores it. When the temperature is too low, the airflow regulating valve 18 is adjusted to increase the airflow to the air supply coil 15, controlling the heat absorption and release process of the heat storage material. This regulates the furnace temperature while simultaneously increasing the temperature of the incoming air. This process is repeated, utilizing the heat storage reaction of the heat storage material and the airflow of the air supply coil 15 to control the state of the heat storage material. This allows the temperature inside the pyrolysis gasifier to be stably controlled between 300-800℃, thus solving problems such as uneven furnace temperature distribution and unstable gasification temperature leading to incomplete gasification in existing pyrolysis gasifiers. Consequently, this improves the gasification efficiency of the gasifier and enhances the resource and energy utilization rate of combustible solid waste.

[0045] Step 3: During the pyrolysis and gasification process of combustible solid waste in the furnace, air is blown into the annular air supply pipe by the blower 13 as a gasifying agent. Part of the air flows through the heat exchange plate 15 to absorb excess heat in the pyrolysis and gasification furnace. The heated air finally converges with the cold air in the branch pipe 16 into the air inlet pipe 17, and is reheated by the ash and slag before being sent into the pyrolysis and gasification furnace as a gasifying agent for the gasification and combustion of combustible solid waste, reducing energy waste and improving the efficiency and quality of combustible solid waste pyrolysis and gasification. The generated slag is discharged into the ash chamber 7 through the bottom grate 6, and finally continuously discharged by the spiral slag discharge conveyor 8. The generated biomass gas is discharged from the gas outlet 3 on the left side of the top of the gasifier.

[0046] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stable gasification device that utilizes thermal storage technology to achieve energy storage and self-heating, characterized in that: This includes a pyrolysis gasifier, a heat storage system, and an air supply system; The pyrolysis gasifier is a top-suction type, divided into a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, a reduction zone and an oxidation zone from the top to the bottom of the furnace. The raw materials enter from the top, the gasifying agent enters from the bottom, and the product gas is discharged from the gas outlet on one side of the top. The ash and unburned substances produced by pyrolysis gasification are discharged from the bottom grate. The pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a charging hopper, a gas outlet, a grate, an ash chamber, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, and a spiral slag discharge conveyor. The charging hopper is located at the top of the furnace body, the gas outlet is located on the top left side of the furnace body, the grate and the ash chamber are located at the bottom of the furnace body, and the thermometer and pressure gauge are located inside the furnace to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the furnace. The spiral slag discharge conveyor is connected to the ash chamber and is used to continuously and automatically discharge ash and slag. The heat storage system includes an annular heat storage chamber located at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasifier. The annular heat storage chamber is filled with heat storage material, and the temperature of the pyrolysis gasifier is regulated by the heat absorption and release process of the heat storage material. The air supply system includes a blower, an air supply coil, an air outlet duct, branch pipes, an air volume regulating valve 1, an air volume regulating valve 2, and an air inlet duct. The air supply coil is installed in the annular heat storage chamber. The blower outlet is connected to the air supply coil inlet via the air outlet duct, and the air supply coil outlet is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis gasifier via the air inlet duct. The branch pipe is located outside the pyrolysis gasifier and is connected in parallel with the air supply coil between the air outlet duct and the air inlet duct. The air volume regulating valve 1 is installed on the air outlet duct between the branch pipe and the air supply coil, and the air volume regulating valve 2 is installed on the branch pipe. The blower has two air supply paths. One path is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis gasification furnace via an air supply coil. Through heat exchange between the air supply coil and the heat storage material, the blower absorbs excess heat from the heat storage material and increases the temperature of the air entering the furnace. The other path is directly connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis gasification furnace without going through an air supply coil. This path is activated when the furnace temperature is too high to introduce unheated cold air to lower the furnace temperature. During the pyrolysis and gasification process of combustible solid waste in the furnace, air is blown into the annular air supply pipe by a blower as a gasifying agent. Some of the air flows through the heat exchanger and absorbs the excess heat in the pyrolysis and gasification furnace. The heated air eventually converges with the cold air in the branch pipe into the air inlet pipe, and is then reheated by the ash and slag and sent to the pyrolysis and gasification furnace as a gasifying agent for the gasification and combustion of combustible solid waste.

2. The stable gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage system also includes a thermometer and a heat storage material inlet and outlet pipe; before the pyrolysis gasifier is started or after operation, the heat storage material is replaced and filled through the pipe, and the thermometer is used to monitor the temperature of the heat storage material in the annular heat storage chamber.

3. The stable gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis gasification furnace wall is made of refractory bricks to protect the gasification furnace shell and create a high-temperature reaction space inside the furnace.

4. The stable gasification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the pyrolysis gasifier is covered with heat-insulating cotton to reduce heat loss from the gasifier.

5. The stable gasification apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insulation cotton is made of aluminum silicate fiber.

6. The stable gasification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage material is one or more of the following: ternary inorganic salts KNO3-NaNO2-NaNO3, Li2CO3-K2CO3-Na2CO3, MgCl2-NaCl-KCl, or a steel ball with heat storage capacity.

7. A stable gasification method for achieving energy storage and self-heating using thermal storage technology, implemented using the stable gasification device of any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Before the gasifier is started, the heat storage material is filled into the annular heat storage chamber. During the start-up process, the heat storage material is controlled to absorb the high temperature inside the furnace so that its temperature rises continuously and it initially stores heat. When in operation, if the temperature inside the furnace is too high, the heat storage material absorbs the excess heat inside the furnace and introduces an unheated gasifying agent into the furnace to achieve the purpose of cooling the furnace and heating the heat storage material. When the furnace temperature is too low, the heat storage material releases heat into the furnace. At the same time, the air supply coil is used to introduce the gasifying agent, preheat it, and finally introduce the preheated high-temperature gasifying agent into the furnace to achieve the goal of raising the furnace temperature.

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