A low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fixed brakes, and discloses a low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper. By limiting the in-disk side, out-disk side, and side of the brake pad and designing corresponding auxiliary return mechanisms, a reliable return system for the brake pad is ensured, achieving low drag or even zero drag. Moreover, the designed rectangular sealing ring can adaptively adjust the gap between the brake pad and the brake disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of brakes, and in particular to a low-drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper. Background Art

[0002] The friction pads of existing fixed caliper disc brakes do not have an active return function. During each braking, the friction pads are clamped against the brake disc under the action of the piston to generate braking force, so that the vehicle decelerates or stops. When braking ends, the piston returns first, and then the friction pads are thrown away from the brake disc by the rotation of the brake disc to achieve the return of the friction pads. Chinese Patent CN201911396613.0 discloses an active return mechanism for friction pads, which uses a tower spring structure to provide assistance for the return of the brake pads. However, this structure has the following disadvantages. Since the tower spring is directly in contact with the brake pads, it is prone to uneven force, and the brake pads are prone to instability during the return process. At the same time, the spring is prone to friction with the guide pin and generates relatively large noise.

[0003] Since the edge deformation of the rectangular sealing ring is very small, when not braking, the gap between the brake block friction pad and the brake disc is only about 0.1 mm on each side to ensure contact braking. When the brake disc expands due to heat, its thickness only changes slightly, so no drag phenomenon will occur. However, the disc brake cannot use alcohol-based brake fluid that is prone to expansion due to heat, and a special synthetic brake fluid should be used. The gap between the brake block friction pad and the brake disc increases due to wear. After the piston sealing ring deforms to the limit during braking, the piston can still move under the hydraulic action to overcome the friction force of the sealing ring until the friction pad presses against the brake disc.

[0004] With the further tightening of emission regulations, as well as the guidance of domestic new energy industry policies in recent years and the gradual improvement of the industrial chain, new energy vehicles have gradually been recognized by the market. Especially after Tesla achieved mass production in China in 2019, the driving effect brought to the domestic entire industry, the sales volume of various pure electric vehicles has increased year by year. In 2020, the proportion of electric vehicles produced and sold in China in the world reached 50%.

[0005] At present, energy conservation, low carbon, intelligence, and lightweight of automobiles are important technological development trends. With the rapid development of domestic new energy vehicles, the braking system is also facing new challenges. On the one hand, it is required that the brake is lighter and more energy-efficient. On the other hand, it is required that the brake works more sensitively and reliably.

[0006] On November 2, 2020, the General Office of the State Council officially issued the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan". The Plan proposes that by 2025, the average power consumption of new pure electric passenger vehicles will be reduced to 12.0 kWh / 100 km, and the sales volume of new energy vehicles will reach about 20% of the total sales volume of new cars. Facing more stringent energy consumption requirements for new energy vehicles, each vehicle manufacturer has put forward higher requirements for automotive parts suppliers, among which aluminum alloy brake calipers are an important requirement.

[0007] With the gradual tightening of the fuel consumption limit standard, the fuel-saving advantage of the fixed caliper will be significantly reflected. To save fuel, the drag torque becomes a key performance indicator. An increase in the drag torque will lead to an increase in vehicle fuel consumption, thus affecting the overall performance of the brake caliper. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the disadvantages of the prior art such as large drag resistance and non-self-adaptive adjustment of the gap, the present invention provides a low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] A low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper, comprising a caliper body, an inner brake pad, and an outer brake pad. A braking area for clamping a brake disc for braking is formed between the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad. The side of the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad close to the center of the brake disc is the disc-in side, and the side away from the center disc is the disc-out side. The low-drag system includes a first return structure designed on the disc-out side, and a second return mechanism arranged on the left and right sides in the radial direction of the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad;

[0011] The first return structure is axially arranged to axially position and axially return the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad. The first return structure includes a first return member that can axially expand and contract. The two ends of the first return member are abutting ends, and the distance between the two abutting ends changes with the expansion and contraction of the first return member. The two ends of the first return member respectively abut against the inner sides of the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad; the first return structure further includes a first return spring body that supports the abutting ends at both ends of the first return member. When the first return member is compressed, elastic potential energy is accumulated. When the first return spring body releases elastic potential energy, the distance between the abutting ends of the first return member increases under the action of the first return spring body, causing the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad to return;

[0012] The second return mechanism includes a guiding ear extending on the inner brake pad and the side of the outer brake pad, and also includes a second return spring body for returning the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad by supporting the guiding ear. The surface of the second return spring body in contact with the guiding ear is a contact surface, the contact surface is an arc surface, the notch of the arc surface faces the braking area, the position where the second return spring body contacts the contact surface is a contact position, the contact position is a line or a surface, and the contact position is in the horizontal plane where the center of the inner brake pad or the outer brake pad is located.

[0013] Preferably, the guiding ear is an arc-shaped part, the notch of the arc-shaped part faces the braking area. After the inner brake pad or the brake pad wears, the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad or the outer brake pad is located still intersects with the arc surface of the contact surface. When the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad contact the brake disc, the contact position changes with the wear contact position of the inner brake pad or the outer brake pad. When the brake is locked, the contact position is in the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad or the outer brake pad is located.

[0014] Preferably, the guiding ear and the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad are of an integrally formed structure, the second return spring body is a spring piece of an integral structure. The second return spring body includes a contact part at one end, a fixing part at the other end, and a connecting part connecting the contact part and the fixing part. The contact part includes a contact strip at the end and a first resilient part. The contact strip extends along the width direction of the guiding sleeve. The first resilient part is a first semi-circular resilient plate formed by bending, and a resilient opening is formed in the middle of the first semi-circular resilient plate. The connecting part includes a first return plate and a second return plate bent at one end of the first return plate. The other end of the second return plate is bent to form the first resilient part. The second return plate is a straight plate, and a second resilient part is formed between the second return plate and the first return plate.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a caliper body. The middle part of the caliper body forms an installation area for installing the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad. The inner end surface and the outer surface in the middle of the installation area are provided with placement cavities for placing the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad. Fixing platforms are formed on both sides of the placement cavity. The second return spring body is fixed on the fixing platforms. A notch is formed at the edge where the placement cavity and the fixing platform meet. The guiding ear is located in the notch.

[0016] Preferably, the first return structure includes a first return member. A channel for inserting a guiding shaft is provided in the middle of the first return member. The first return member includes a first sliding member and a second sliding member that are coaxially arranged and can slide relative to each other. The first return spring body is a spiral return spring. One end of the return spring abuts against the first sliding member, and the other end of the return spring abuts against the second sliding member. When the first sliding member and the second sliding member move towards each other to compress the return spring, when the return spring releases its elastic potential energy, the first sliding member and the second sliding member move away from each other.

[0017] Preferably, the first sliding member and the second sliding member are pipe fittings. The first sliding member is slidably inserted into the second sliding member, and the inner holes of the first sliding member and the second sliding member are in clearance fit. A retaining seat is provided at the end of the first sliding member, and a retaining seat is provided at the end of the second sliding member. Both ends of the return spring abut against the retaining seat of the first sliding member and the retaining seat of the second sliding member respectively. The middle part of the first sliding member is a first through hole penetrating both ends of the first sliding member, and the middle part of the second sliding member is a second through hole penetrating both ends of the second sliding member. The first sliding member is inserted into the second through hole.

[0018] Preferably, an auxiliary return mechanism is further included. The auxiliary return mechanism is arranged on the coiling-in side. The auxiliary return mechanism includes a third return spring body and a fourth return spring body. The third return spring body is fixedly installed on the inner side of the pliers body, and the fourth spring body is fixedly installed on the outer side of the pliers body. Connecting holes for connecting the auxiliary return mechanism are formed in both the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad. There are at least two connecting holes in the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad. The free end of the third return spring body is inserted into the connecting hole of the inner brake pad. The movement of the inner brake pad drives the third return spring body to deform and accumulate potential energy. The free end of the fourth return spring body is inserted into the connecting hole of the outer brake pad. The movement of the outer brake pad drives the fourth return spring body to deform and accumulate potential energy. The third return spring body is two spring members or a single integral spring member, and the fourth return spring body is two spring members or a single integral spring member.

[0019] Preferably, the pliers body includes an inner pliers body and an outer pliers body. Piston cavities are arranged in both the inner pliers body and the outer pliers body. A driving piston is arranged in the piston cavity. A rectangular groove is arranged in the piston cavity. A rectangular sealing ring is installed in the rectangular groove. The rectangular sealing ring and the driving piston are in interference fit. The bottom surface of the rectangular groove is an inclined surface with an inclination of 8 to 12 degrees. Chamfers are arranged at the edges of the rectangular groove. The width of the chamfer is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, and the degree of the chamfer is 55 degrees to 70 degrees.

[0020] Preferably, the pliers body is of an aluminum alloy structure. The piston return amount of the outer pliers body is designed to be 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm, and the piston return amount of the inner pliers body is 0.03 to 0.20 mm.

[0021] Preferably, counterweights are installed on both the coiling-out sides of the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad. The counterweights are fixedly connected to the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad by bolts.

[0022] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0023] The present invention designs a low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper, and creatively designs a guide ear structure. The arc surface structure of the guide ear enables the contact point to always be at the same horizontal height as the plane where the center of gravity of the brake pad body is located. Therefore, during the return process, it is faster, without drag phenomenon, and the brake pad is more stable, ensuring a larger contact surface area for each contact of the brake pad, and ensuring a larger braking area. Moreover, the return mechanism designed in this solution can assist in returning the brake pad on the outboard side, inboard side, and both sides of the brake disc. Therefore, the overall return is very smooth, and it can ensure a reliable fitting area between the inner brake pad and the outer brake pad and the brake disc.

[0024] At the same time, finite element analysis is carried out on the inner and outer brake calipers through structural optimization, and different deformation amounts of the inner and outer calipers are calculated. Different piston return amounts of the inner and outer calipers are designed through the cooperation of rectangular groove design, ensuring that the pistons can effectively return in different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brake.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the back side structure of the brake caliper.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first return structure.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first return member.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the second return mechanism.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second return spring body.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third return spring body.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth return spring body.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the brake.

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular groove.

[0035] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the caliper, return spring body, and brake pad in Example 4.

[0036] Figure 12 For Figure 11 Partial enlarged view of

[0037] Figure 13 is Figure 12 the exploded view of

[0038] Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the support of the ratchet unit and the back plate in Embodiment 4.

[0039] The names of the parts referred to by the respective numerical labels in the drawings are as follows: 300 - inner caliper body, 340 - outer caliper body, 301 - inner brake pad, 302 - outer brake pad, 303 - braking area, 304 - disk-in side, 305 - disk-out side, 306 - first return structure, 307 - second return mechanism, 308 - first return member, 309 - abutting end, 310 - first return spring body, 312 - guiding ear, 313 - abutting surface, 314 - abutting position, 315 - abutting portion, 316 - fixing portion, 317 - connecting portion, 318 - first resilient portion, 319 - first semi-circular resilient plate, 320 - resilient opening, 321 - first return plate, 322 - second return plate, 323 - second resilient portion, 324 - installation area, 325 - placement cavity, 326 - fixing platform, 327 - notch, 328 - first sliding member, 329 - second sliding member, 330 - return spring, 331 - retaining seat, 332 - third return spring body, 333 - fourth return spring body, 334 - connecting hole, 335 - piston cavity, 336 - driving piston, 337 - rectangular groove, 338 - rectangular sealing ring, 339 - counterweight. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper, including a caliper body, an inner brake pad 301, and an outer brake pad 302. A braking area 303 for clamping and braking a brake disk is formed between the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. The side of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 close to the center of the brake disk is the disk-in side 304, and the side away from the center disk is the disk-out side 305. The low-drag system includes a first return structure 306 designed on the disk-out side 305, and a second return mechanism 307 arranged on the left and right sides in the radial direction of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. In this solution, the first return structure 306 and the second return mechanism 307 can limit the edges of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302, and at the same time can perform a return function. This process will not generate noise, and there will be no shaking during the return process.

[0043] Among them, the first return structure 306 is axially arranged to axially position and axially return the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. The first return structure 306 includes a first return member 308 that can axially expand and contract. The two ends of the first return member 308 are abutting ends 309, and the distance between the two abutting ends 309 changes as the first return member 308 expands and contracts. The two ends of the first return member 308 respectively abut against the inner sides of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. The first return structure 306 further includes a first return spring body 310. The first return spring body 310 supports the abutting ends 309 at both ends of the first return member 308. When the first return member 308 is compressed, elastic potential energy is accumulated. When the first return spring body 310 releases elastic potential energy, the distance between the abutting ends 309 of the first return member 308 increases under the action of the first return spring body 310, causing the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 to return to their original positions.

[0044] In this embodiment, a channel for inserting a guide shaft is provided in the middle of the first return member 308. The first return member 308 includes a first sliding member 328 and a second sliding member 329 that are coaxially arranged and can slide relative to each other. The first return spring body 310 is a helical return spring 330. One end of the return spring 330 abuts against the first sliding member 328, and the other end of the return spring 330 abuts against the second sliding member 329. The first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 move towards each other to compress the return spring 330. When the return spring 330 releases elastic potential energy, the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 move away from each other.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 are pipe fittings. The first sliding member 328 is slidably inserted into the second sliding member 329, and the inner holes of the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329 are in clearance fit. A retaining seat 331 is provided at the end of the first sliding member 328, that is, the abutting end 309 is the retaining seat 331. The retaining seat 331 is annularly arranged at the ends of the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329. A retaining seat 331 is also provided at the abutting end 309 at the end of the second sliding member 329. The two ends of the return spring 330 respectively abut against the retaining seat 331 of the first sliding member 328 and the retaining seat 331 of the second sliding member 329. The middle part of the first sliding member 328 is a first through hole penetrating both ends of the first sliding member 328, and the middle part of the second sliding member 329 is a second through hole penetrating both ends of the second sliding member 329. The first sliding member 328 is inserted into the second through hole. A guide shaft is further included. The guide shaft is fixedly inserted on the pliers body and its middle part is inserted into the first sliding member 328 and the second sliding member 329. The number of guide shafts is two, and they are distributed on both sides of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302.

[0046] In this embodiment, the second return mechanism 307 includes a guiding ear 312 extending on the side of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302, and further includes a second return spring body for returning the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 by supporting the guiding ear 312. The surface of the second return spring body in contact with the guiding ear 312 is a contact surface 313, and the contact surface 313 is an arc surface. The notch of the arc surface faces the braking area 303. The position where the second return spring body contacts the contact surface 313 is a contact position 314, and the contact position 314 is a line or a surface. The contact position 314 is in the horizontal plane where the center of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302 is located.

[0047] The guiding ear 312 is an arc-shaped part, and the notch of the arc-shaped part faces the braking area 303. After the inner brake pad 301 or the brake pad wears, the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302 is still intersects with the arc surface of the contact surface 313. When the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 contact the brake disc, the contact position changes with the wear position of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302. When the brake is locked, the contact position is in the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad 301 or the outer brake pad 302 is located. Ensuring that the contact position 314 is always at the center of gravity level of the brake pad can ensure that the brake pad returns more quickly, smoothly, and with less drag.

[0048] The guiding ear 312 and the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 are of an integrally formed structure. The second return spring body is a spring piece of an integral structure. The second return spring body includes a contact part 315 at one end, a fixing part 316 at the other end, and a connecting part 317 connected between the contact part 315 and the fixing part 316. The contact part 315 includes a contact strip at the end and a first return part 318. The contact strip extends along the width direction of the guiding sleeve. The first return part 318 is a first semi-circular return plate 319 formed by bending, and a return opening 320 is formed in the middle of the first semi-circular return plate 319. The connecting part 317 includes a first return plate 321 and a second return plate 322 bent at one end of the first return plate 321. The other end of the second return plate 322 is bent to form the first return part 318. The second return plate 322 is a straight plate, and a second return part 323 is formed between the second return plate 322 and the first return plate 321.

[0049] In this embodiment, the middle part of the clamp body forms an installation area 324 for installing the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. The inner end face and the outer surface of the middle part of the installation area 324 are provided with placement cavities 325 for placing the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. Fixed platforms 326 are formed on both sides of the placement cavity 325. The second return spring body is fixed on the fixed platform 326. A notch 327 is formed at the edge where the placement cavity 325 meets the fixed platform 326. The guiding ear 312 is located in the notch 327. Specifically, the fixing part 316 is installed on the fixed platform 326, and the connecting part 317 and the abutting part 315 are located in the notch 327 and abut against the guiding ear 312 in the notch 327.

[0050] In order to achieve the stable balance of the brake pads, the present solution also limits the disk-in side 304 of the brake pads and implements auxiliary return. Therefore, this embodiment further includes an auxiliary return mechanism. The auxiliary return mechanism is arranged on the disk-in side 304. The auxiliary return mechanism includes a third return spring body 332 and a fourth return spring body 333. The third return spring body 332 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the clamp body, and the fourth spring body is fixedly installed on the outer side of the clamp body. Connecting holes 334 for the auxiliary return mechanism are formed on both the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. There are at least two connecting holes 334 on the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302. The free end of the third return spring body 332 is inserted into the connecting hole 334 of the inner brake pad 301. The movement of the inner brake pad 301 drives the third return spring body 332 to deform and accumulate potential energy. The free end of the fourth return spring body 333 is inserted into the connecting hole 334 of the outer brake pad 302. The movement of the outer brake pad 302 drives the fourth return spring body 333 to deform and accumulate potential energy. The third return spring body 332 is composed of two spring parts or a single integral spring part, and the fourth return spring body 333 is composed of two spring parts or a single integral spring part.

[0051] Due to the limited space on the disk-in side 304, the structures of the third return spring body 332 and the fourth return spring body 333 need to be designed. In this solution, the selected return spring body is a strip-shaped spring part, which has the advantages of saving space and being convenient for installation.

[0052] Since the forces and deformation degrees on the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 are different, and for the convenience of fixed installation, in this embodiment, the third return spring body 332 is installed on the edge of the jaw side of the inner clamp body 300, and it is a single spring structure.

[0053] The middle part of the third return spring body 332 is bent to form a fixing hole, and it is fixed on the inner clamp body 300 with a fixing screw. The two ends of the third return spring body 332 are inserted into two jacks on the inner brake pad 301. When the brake pads return after braking, the return spring strip provides a return force to assist the brake pads to return.

[0054] The fourth return spring body 333 is a structure of two spring strips. One end of the fourth return spring body 333 is fixed on the outer clamp body 340, and the other end of the fourth return spring body 333 is connected to the connection hole 334 on the brake pad. One ends of the third return spring body 332 and the fourth return spring body 333 connected to the brake pad are both hook-shaped structures. Therefore, return structures are provided around the clamp body in this solution, and the brake pad will not shift or shake during braking and returning, being more stable and safe.

[0055] In order to achieve the adaptive adjustment of the braking gap, the following solution is adopted in this solution.

[0056] The clamp body includes an inner clamp body 300 and an outer clamp body 340. Piston cavities 335 are provided in both the inner clamp body 300 and the outer clamp body 340. A driving piston 336 is provided in the piston cavity 335. A rectangular groove 337 is provided in the piston cavity 335. A rectangular sealing ring 338 is installed in the rectangular groove 337. There is an interference fit between the rectangular sealing ring 338 and the driving piston 336. The bottom surface of the rectangular groove 337 is an inclined surface with an inclination of 8 to 12 degrees. Chamfers are provided at the edges of the rectangular groove 337. The width of the chamfer is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, and the degree of the chamfer is 55 degrees to 70 degrees.

[0057] Since the clamp body will deform during braking and the piston itself has the maximum deformation amount, the dimensions of the above solution need to be designed during the initial setting of the gap so that it can meet the design requirements. In this embodiment, the clamp body is made of aluminum alloy structure. The piston return amount of the outer clamp body 340 is designed to be 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm, and the piston return amount of the inner clamp body 300 is 0.03 to 0.20 mm.

[0058] When the gap between the brake block friction plate and the brake disc increases due to wear, after the piston sealing ring deforms to the limit during braking, the piston can still move under the hydraulic action to overcome the friction force of the sealing ring until the friction plate presses against the brake disc. However, when in contact braking, the distance that the rectangular sealing ring 338 pushes the piston back is the same as the distance before the friction plate wears. That is, the gap between the friction plate and the brake disc still remains the standard value. Thus, it can be seen that the rectangular sealing ring 338 can serve both as the piston return spring 330 and the function of automatically adjusting the brake gap.

[0059] The present invention designs a low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper. It creatively designs a structure of a guiding ear 312. The arc surface structure of the guiding ear 312 enables the contact point to always be at the same horizontal height as the plane where the center of gravity of the brake pad body is located. Therefore, during the return process, it is faster, without drag phenomenon, and the brake pad is more stable, ensuring a larger contact surface area for each contact of the brake pad and a larger braking area. Moreover, the return mechanism designed in this solution can assist in returning the brake pad on the disc-out side 305, the disc-in side 304, and both sides of the brake disc. Therefore, the overall return is very smooth, and it can ensure a reliable fitting area between the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 and the brake disc. At the same time, through structural optimization of the inner and outer brake calipers, finite element analysis is carried out to calculate different deformation amounts of the inner and outer calipers. Through the design of the rectangular groove 337, different piston return amounts of the inner and outer calipers are designed to ensure that the pistons can effectively return under different working conditions.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that counterweights 339 are installed on the disc-out side 305 of the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302, and the counterweights 339 are fixedly connected to the inner brake pad 301 and the outer brake pad 302 by bolts.

[0062] Embodiment 3

[0063] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the inner caliper body 300 and the outer caliper body 340 are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0064] Embodiment 4

[0065] As Figure 11As shown in FIGS. 0 to 14, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in replacing it with a new type of second return mechanism, which includes a return spring body 601 that has the ability to elastically deform and recover as a whole. It includes an anchor plate 602 for fixing the return spring body 601 on the pliers body 614. In this embodiment, the anchor plate 602 serves to design the preset deformation amount 605 of the return spring body 601, that is, the anchor plate 602 will not deform when it deforms to a certain extent, the preset deformation amount 605. And a flank plate 603 connected to the edge of the anchor plate 602. The included angle between the flank plate 603 and the anchor plate 602 is an acute angle. In this embodiment, the flank plate 603 is perpendicular to the brake disc, so the whole anchor plate 602 in the assembled state is inclined towards the brake disc. A support unit 604 for supporting the brake pad 618 is provided on the flank plate 603. The brake pad 618 can drive the flank plate 603 to move axially and drive the anchor plate 602 to deform and accumulate elastic potential energy by acting on the support unit 604. The preset axial deformation amount 605 of the return spring body 601 is the preset braking gap. When the return spring body 601 reaches the maximum deformation amount 605 under the drive of the brake pad 618, that is, the flank plate 603 axially moves the preset deformation amount 605; the brake pad 618 contacts the brake disc for braking.

[0066] In this embodiment, the axial deformation amount 605 of the return spring body 601 is equal to the axial displacement at the connection between the anchor plate 602 and the flank plate 603, that is, this position is the reference position of the preset deformation amount 605. One end of the rivet plate is fixed, and the other end deforms and axially moves under the push of the brake pad 618.

[0067] In this embodiment, the support unit 604 is a ratchet structure. The ratchet unit 606 includes a support surface 607 for contacting the edge of the flank 620 of the back plate of the brake pad 618 and a sliding surface 621 adjacent to the support surface 607. The sliding surface 621 intersects with the support surface 607 to form a ratchet structure of the ratchet unit 606. The brake pad 618 can realize axial synchronous movement with the flank plate 603 by acting on the ratchet unit 606. The ratchet structure can ensure that the brake pad 618 moves relatively in one direction, while it will self-lock and not move relatively in the opposite direction. When the wear amount increases beyond the preset clearance amount, the brake pad 618 will slide relative to the flank plate 603 and fall onto the adjacent support unit 604, thereby shortening the distance between the back plate 612 and the brake disc, shortening the braking gap, and playing a role of automatic compensation. And since the support unit 604 is a ratchet structure, there will be no retraction phenomenon between the back plate 612 and the flank plate 603.

[0068] In this embodiment, the ratchet unit 606 is a flexible and deformable structure, and the ratchet units 606 are axially arranged to form a ratchet structure, and the allowed movement direction of the ratchet structure is toward the brake disc; the brake pad 618 can only slide from the current ratchet unit 606 to the adjacent ratchet unit 606 close to the brake disc when the axial movement distance required for braking of the brake pad 618 is greater than the preset axial deformation 605 of the return spring body 601 and the axial deformation 605 of the ratchet unit 606.

[0069] In this embodiment, the support surface 607 is an arcuate surface, an inclined surface or a plane, and the sliding surface 621 is an arcuate surface or an inclined surface. The brake pad 618 can slide to the adjacent ratchet unit (606) through the sliding surface under the push of the piston. The support unit 604 is a flexible and variable structure, that is, when the back plate 612 acts on the support unit 604, the support unit 604 can produce a certain adaptive deformation, thereby ensuring that the back plate 612 maintains the optimal angle position relative to the piston 617. At the same time, the friction between the back plate 612 and the support unit 604 plays an appropriate damping role, which can prevent all noise problems caused by vibration.

[0070] In this embodiment, the inner baffle 610 and the outer baffle 611 are provided on both sides of the side wing plate 603 for limiting the jaw side and the back side 616 of the brake pad 618. The geometric structure of the return spring body 601 can ensure that the movement of the brake pad can be effectively and flexibly limited in the axial, radial and tangential directions. In this embodiment, the return spring body 601 is made of a self-lubricating material, which plays a role in extending the service life.

[0071] The fixed caliper equipped with such a return spring body comprises a caliper body 614 and the return spring body 601 mentioned above, and at least comprises a brake pad composed of a back plate 612 and a friction pad 613, and the left side wall 608 and the right side wall 609 of the brake pad are fixedly mounted with the return spring body 601; the return spring body 601 is the return spring body 601 of Example 1. Each brake pad 618 is provided with a return spring body 601 on the left side wall 608 and the right side wall 609, which plays a role of balancing support.

[0072] The surface of the side wing plate 603 contacts the disc entry side 608 or the disc exit side 609 of the back plate 612 to control the axial movement of the brake pad 618; the support unit 604 is a flexible deformable structure that can adaptively adjust the position of the brake pad 618 to keep the brake pad 618 and the brake disc in a parallel state.

[0073] In this embodiment, the back plate side wing 620 is supported on the support unit 604 and can be deformed under the action of the back plate 612; the back plate 612 drives the side wing plate 603 to move axially by contacting the support unit 604;

[0074] One end of the anchor plate 602 is fixed on the caliper body. The anchor plate 602 is a flexible plate that can produce elastic deformation under the drive of the brake pad 618. The remaining parts of the return spring can realize axial movement through the deformation of the anchor plate 602. The preset deformation amount 605 of this embodiment is the distance between the anchor plate 602 and the side wing plate 603 where they are connected and located on the fixed plane of the anchor plate 602. Because when the connecting end of the anchor plate 602 undergoes a certain deformation and collides with the fixed platform of the anchor plate 602, the anchor plate 602 no longer deforms at this time. Therefore, the axial movement distance of the connecting end of the anchor plate 602 is the preset deformation amount 605. It has the advantages of simple design and reliable results.

[0075] The inner side surface of the side wing plate 603 is a plane, and the support unit 604 is arranged on the plane area 619. When the brake pad 618 moves toward the brake disc, the back plate side wing 620 is pushed toward the brake disc through the support unit 604; in this process, the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit 604 and the friction force between the side wing plate 603 and the back plate 612 is equal to the deformation force of the anchor plate, which is used to realize the preset deformation force of the return spring body 601, and the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit 604 and the friction force between the side wing plate 603 and the back plate 612 does not exceed the preset deformation force of the anchor plate. An inner baffle 610 and an outer baffle 611 are provided on both sides of the side wing plate 603 for limiting the jaw side and the back side 616 of the brake pad 618. The inner baffle 610 contacts the radial inner edge of the back plate 612 to limit the radial inward movement of the brake pad 618; the outer baffle 611 contacts the radial outer edge of the back plate 612 to limit the outward radial movement of the brake pad 618. In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the plane is equal to the back plate side wing 620, so the radial direction of the back plate 612 is also limited.

[0076] When braking, the brake pad is installed on the brake caliper so that the back plate 612 of the brake pad contacts the piston 617, the return spring body 601 is pushed between the caliper body 614 and the back plate side wing 620, and the anchor plate 602 of the return spring body 601 is fixed on the caliper. After the installation is completed, the brake pad is flexibly positioned by the side wing plate 603, the inner baffle plate 610, and the outer baffle plate 611, and the edge of the back plate 612 is supported on the support unit 604, but the above-mentioned structural parts are not deformed.

[0077] When the vehicle starts braking, the piston 617 moves axially, pushing the backplate 612 towards the support unit 604. The backplate flank 620 deforms the support unit 604 and simultaneously acts on the anchor plate to deform it. The backplate 612 continues to push, deforming the return spring body 601 until a preset deformation amount 605 is reached. From this moment on, the deformation force of the return spring body 601 is higher than the sum of the deformation force generated by the support unit 604 and the frictional force between the side plate and the backplate 612. Therefore, the backplate 612 starts to slide relative to the flank plate 603 until the brake pad 618 no longer exerts the specified force on the brake disc. However, the return spring does not deform further. When the brake pedal is released, the axial force of the piston 617 stops, and the return spring body 601 pushes the brake pad 618 back to its shape before deformation. The distance the brake pad is pushed back is exactly the preset deformation amount 605 designed for the return spring body 601, and the support unit 604 can ensure that the backplate 612 is always parallel to the pushing surface of the piston 617.

[0078] When the brake pad 618 wears to a certain extent, the backplate 612 can jump from the current ratchet unit 606 to an adjacent ratchet unit 606 during the axial sliding process with the flank plate 603. The ratchet structure of the ratchet unit 606 can prevent the backplate 612 from returning to the initial ratchet unit 606 during the return process. It is worth mentioning that all or part of the return spring body 601 is made of self-lubricating material, so lubrication is always maintained between the flank of the backplate 612 and the return spring body 601, as well as between the return spring body 601 and the caliper body 614.

Claims

1. A low-drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper, characterized in that: It includes a caliper body, an inner brake pad (301), and an outer brake pad (302). A braking area (303) for clamping the brake disc for braking is formed between the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302). The side of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) close to the center of the brake disc is the disc-in side (304), and the side away from the center disc is the disc-out side (305). The low-drag system includes a first return structure (306) designed on the disc-out side (305), and a second return mechanism (307) arranged on the left and right sides in the radial direction of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302); The first return structure (306) is axially arranged to axially position and axially return the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302). The first return structure (306) includes a first return member (308) that can axially expand and contract. The two ends of the first return member (308) are abutting ends (309). The distance between the two abutting ends (309) changes as the first return member (308) expands and contracts. The two ends of the first return member (308) respectively abut against the inner sides of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302). The first return structure (306) further includes a first return spring body (310). The first return spring body (310) supports the abutting ends (309) at both ends of the first return member (308). When the first return member (308) is compressed, elastic potential energy is accumulated. When the first return spring body (310) releases elastic potential energy, the distance between the abutting ends (309) of the first return member (308) increases under the action of the first return spring body (310), causing the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) to return; The second return mechanism (307) includes a guide ear (312) extending on the side of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302), and further includes a second return spring body for returning the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) by supporting the guide ear (312). The surface of the second return spring body in contact with the guide ear (312) is the contact surface (313). The contact surface (313) is an arc surface, and the notch of the arc surface faces the braking area (303). The position where the second return spring body contacts the contact surface (313) is the contact position (314). The contact position (314) is a line or a surface, and the contact position (314) is in the horizontal plane where the center of the inner brake pad (301) or the outer brake pad (302) is located. The guide ear (312) is an arc-shaped part, and the notch of the arc-shaped part faces the braking area (303). After the inner brake pad (301) or the brake pad wears, the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad (301) or the outer brake pad (302) is located still intersects with the arc surface of the contact surface (313). When the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) contact the brake disc, the contact position changes with the wear of the inner brake pad (301) or the outer brake pad (302) at the contact position (314). When the brake is locked, the contact position is in the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the inner brake pad (301) or the outer brake pad (302) is located. It further includes an auxiliary return mechanism. The auxiliary return mechanism is arranged on the disc-in side (304). The auxiliary return mechanism includes a third return spring body (332) and a fourth return spring body (333). The third return spring body (332) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the caliper body, and the fourth spring body is fixedly installed on the outer side of the caliper body. Connecting holes (334) for connecting the auxiliary return mechanism are provided on both the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302). There are at least two connecting holes (334) on the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302). The free end of the third return spring body (332) is inserted into the connecting hole (334) of the inner brake pad (301). The movement of the inner brake pad (301) drives the third return spring body (332) to deform and accumulate potential energy. The free end of the fourth return spring body (333) is inserted into the connecting hole (334) of the outer brake pad (302). The movement of the outer brake pad (302) drives the fourth return spring body (333) to deform and accumulate potential energy. The third return spring body (332) is composed of two spring parts or a single integral spring part, and the fourth return spring body (333) is composed of two spring parts or a single integral spring part.

2. A low-drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide ear (312) is an integrally formed structure with the inner brake plate (301) and the outer brake plate (302); the second return spring body is a spring piece of an integral structure; the second return spring body includes a contact portion (315) at one end, a fixed portion (316) at the other end, and a connecting portion (317) connected between the contact portion (315) and the fixed portion (316); the contact portion (315) includes a contact strip at the end and a first rebound portion (318); the contact strip extends along the width direction of the guide sleeve; the first rebound portion (318) is A first semicircular rebound plate (319) is formed by bending, and a rebound opening (320) is formed in the middle of the first semicircular rebound plate (319); the connecting portion (317) includes a first return plate (321) and a second return plate (322) bent at one end of the first return plate (321), the other end of the second return plate (322) is bent to form a first rebound portion (318), the second return plate (322) is a straight plate, and a second rebound portion (323) is formed between the second return plate (322) and the first return plate (321).

3. A low-drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 2, Features: The invention also comprises a caliper body, wherein a mounting area (324) for mounting an inner brake pad (301) and an outer brake pad (302) is formed in the middle of the caliper body, and a placement cavity (325) for placing the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) is provided on the inner end surface and the outer surface of the middle of the mounting area (324), and a fixing platform (326) is formed on both sides of the placement cavity (325), and a second return spring body is fixed on the fixing platform (326), and a notch (327) is provided at the edge where the placement cavity (325) and the fixing platform (326) meet, and the guide ear (312) is located in the notch (327).

4. A low-drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1, 2 or 3, Features: The first return structure (306) includes a first return member (308), a middle portion of which is provided with a channel for inserting a guide shaft, the first return member (308) includes a first sliding member (328) and a second sliding member (329) which are coaxially arranged and can slide relative to each other, the first return spring body (310) is a spiral return spring (330), one end of the return spring (330) abuts against the first sliding member (328), and the other end of the return spring (330) abuts against the second sliding member (329), the first sliding member (328) and the second sliding member (329) move toward each other to squeeze the return spring (330), and when the return spring (330) releases its elastic potential energy, the first sliding member (328) and the second sliding member (329) move in opposite directions.

5. A low-drag smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 4, Features: The first sliding member (328) and the second sliding member (329) are pipe fittings. The first sliding member (328) is slidably inserted into the second sliding member (329), and the inner holes of the first sliding member (328) and the second sliding member (329) are in clearance fit. A retaining seat (331) is provided at the end of the first sliding member (328), and a retaining seat (331) is provided at the end of the second sliding member (329). Both ends of the return spring (330) are in contact with the retaining seat (331) of the first sliding member (328) and the retaining seat (331) of the second sliding member (329). The middle part of the first sliding member (328) is a first through hole penetrating both ends of the first sliding member (328), and the middle part of the second sliding member (329) is a second through hole penetrating both ends of the second sliding member (329). The first sliding member (328) is inserted into the second through hole.

6. A low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The caliper body includes an inner caliper body (300) and an outer caliper body (340). A piston chamber (335) is provided in both the inner caliper body (300) and the outer caliper body (340). A driving piston (336) is provided in the piston chamber (335). A rectangular groove (337) is provided in the piston chamber (335). A rectangular sealing ring (338) is installed in the rectangular groove (337). An interference fit exists between the rectangular sealing ring (338) and the driving piston (336). The bottom surface of the rectangular groove (337) is an inclined surface with an inclination of 8 to 12 degrees. Chamfers are provided at the edges of the rectangular groove (337). The width of the chamfer is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, and the degree of the chamfer is 55 degrees to 70 degrees.

7. A low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 6, characterized in that: The caliper body is of an aluminum alloy structure. The piston return amount of the outer caliper body (340) is designed to be 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm, and the piston return amount of the inner caliper body (300) is 0.03 to 0.20 mm. Counterweight blocks (339) are installed on the disc-out sides (305) of the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302). The counterweight blocks (339) are fixedly connected to the inner brake pad (301) and the outer brake pad (302) by bolts.

8. A low-drag and smooth return system for a fixed caliper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second return mechanism (307) is different from the structure in claim 1. The second return mechanism (307) includes a return spring body (601), and the return spring body (601) includes an anchor plate (602) for fixing the return spring body (601) on the clamp body (614), and a side wing plate (603) connected to the edge of the anchor plate (602), and the angle between the side wing plate (603) and the anchor plate (602) is an acute angle. A support unit (604) for supporting a brake pad (618) is provided on the side wing plate (603), and the brake pad (618) can drive the side wing plate (603) to move axially and drive the side wing plate (603) to move axially by acting on the support unit (604). The anchor plate (602) is deformed to accumulate elastic potential energy, and the preset axial deformation amount (605) of the return spring body (601) is the preset braking clearance; the support unit (604) is a ratchet structure, and the support unit (604) is composed of a plurality of ratchet units (606), and the ratchet unit (606) includes a support surface (607) for contacting the edge of the side wing (620) of the back plate of the brake pad (618) and a sliding surface (621) adjacent to the support surface (607), and the sliding surface (621) and the support surface (607) intersect to form an edge to form the ratchet structure of the ratchet unit (606), and the brake pad (618) acts on the ratchet unit (606) and contacts the side wing (620). The wing plate (603) realizes axial synchronous movement; the ratchet unit (606) is a flexible and variable structure, and the ratchet units (606) are axially arranged to form a ratchet structure, and the ratchet structure allows movement in the direction of the brake disc; the brake pad (618) can only slide from the current ratchet unit (606) to the adjacent ratchet unit (606) close to the brake disc when the axial movement distance required for the brake pad (618) to brake is greater than the preset axial deformation (605) of the return spring body (601) and the axial deformation (605) of the ratchet unit (606); both sides of the side wing plate (603) are provided with a limit The brake pad (618) comprises an inner baffle plate (610) and an outer baffle plate (611) on the jaw side and the back side (616) of the brake pad; the brake pad (618) is composed of a back plate (612) and a friction pad (613); the surface of the side wing plate (603) contacts the left side wall (608) or the right side wall (609) of the back plate (612) to control the axial movement of the brake pad (618); the support unit (604) is a flexible deformable structure; the back plate side wing (620) is supported on the support unit (604) and can be deformed under the action of the back plate (612); the back plate (612) drives the side wing plate (603) to move axially by contacting the support unit (604); One end of the anchor plate (602) is fixed to the caliper body. The anchor plate (602) is a flexible plate that can be elastically deformed under the drive of the brake pad (618). The remaining parts of the return spring can realize axial movement through the deformation of the anchor plate (602). The inner side of the side wing plate (603) is a plane, and the support unit (604) is arranged on the plane area (619). During the process of the brake pad (618) moving towards the brake disc, the back plate side wing (620) is pushed towards the brake disc direction through the support unit (604); during this process, the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit (604) and the frictional force between the side wing plate (603) and the back plate (612) is equal to the deformation force of the anchor piece for realizing the preset deformation force of the return spring body (601), and the sum of the force generated by the deformation of the support unit (604) and the frictional force between the side wing plate (603) and the back plate (612) does not exceed the preset deformation force of the anchor plate (602); inner baffles (610) and outer baffles (611) for restricting the jaw side and the back side (616) of the brake pad (618) are arranged on both sides of the side wing plate (603). The inner baffle (610) contacts the radially inner edge of the back plate (612) to restrict the radially inward movement of the brake pad (618); the outer baffle (611) contacts the radially outer edge of the back plate (612) to restrict the outward radial movement of the brake pad (618).

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