Solar cell module and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for manufacturing a solar cell module and a solar cell module. The method for manufacturing the solar cell module comprises: providing a battery string; making a backplane, wherein a reserved hole is opened in the backplane; providing a front plate; arranging the battery string on the front plate; injecting packaging material; and curing the packaging material to obtain the solar cell module. The solar cell module of the embodiment of the present disclosure directly cures the injected packaging material without a lamination process, which can avoid defects such as hidden cracks in the battery cell and disconnection of the welding strip caused by the lamination process, and can reduce the amount of packaging material used, reduce the distance between the backplane and the battery string, and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same. Background Art

[0002] As the industry continues to develop, the manufacturing capacity of crystalline silicon continues to improve, and various large-sized silicon wafers are used in the photovoltaic industry. Research on high-efficiency batteries is also constantly improving. At present, the market share of large-sized multi-busbar solar cells is increasing. Large-sized multi-busbar solar cells have the advantages of high efficiency and low cost. Currently, the commonly used welding strips for solar cells include round welding strips, flat welding strips, etc. For solar cells, it is necessary to reduce the light blocking of metal welding strips and reduce the distance between the backplane material and the cell, so as to improve the light extraction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same, which can reduce the total amount of packaging materials used, reduce the thickness of the packaging material layer, reduce the distance between the backplane material and the battery string and / or the distance between the frontplane material and the battery string, and avoid direct contact between charged bodies, such as welding ribbons, and glass, thereby improving the module's anti-PID (Potential Induced Degradation) performance.

[0004] In a first aspect, a method for manufacturing a solar cell assembly is provided, comprising: providing a cell string; making a back plate, wherein the back plate is provided with a reserved hole; providing a front plate; arranging the cell string on the front plate; injecting a packaging material; and curing the packaging material to obtain the solar cell assembly.

[0005] In a second aspect, a solar cell module is provided, which is obtained by any manufacturing method of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0007] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an exemplary solar cell assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0008] Figure 2a is an exemplary plan view of a back plate;

[0009] Figure 2b is along Figure 2a A cross-sectional view of the back plate obtained by cutting along the line AA';

[0010] Figure 3ais an exemplary plan view of the front plate;

[0011] Figure 3b is along Figure 3a A cross-sectional view of the front plate obtained by cutting along the line BB' in FIG.

[0012] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery string arranged between a front plate and a back plate;

[0013] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery string arranged between the front glass and the back panel;

[0014] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery string arranged between a front plate and a back plate; and

[0015] Figure 7 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a solar cell module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "one", "one" or "the" and other similar words do not indicate quantity restrictions, but indicate that there is at least one. "Including" or "including" and other similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing in front of the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and other similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0018] In solar cells, the structure of the circular welding strip can reduce the shading of the metal welding strip and can reflect incident light at all angles, so the mainstream multi-main grid modules on the market currently use circular welding strips. The thickness of the flat welding strip is usually 0.125mm. When the welding strip has the same cross-sectional area, the diameter of the corresponding circular welding strip is also about 0.35mm (the original diameter of the circular welding strip is 0.4mm), which is about 3 times that of the flat welding strip. In order to ensure the yield of the module during the lamination process and the reliability in the later stage, the encapsulation film required by the module is also thicker than that of conventional modules. The thickness is usually about 2 times that of conventional modules, and the weight is about 1.5 times that of conventional modules. Even if the encapsulation film is thicker, due to the large diameter of the circular welding strip and the influence of the lamination process, it cannot be guaranteed that the circular welding strip can be protected by the encapsulation material, and it will also cause a large distance between the backplane material and the battery cell.

[0019] The closer the distance between the backplane material, such as a glass backplane, and the cell, the stronger the reflection effect on the light passing through the cell. However, as the distance between the cell and the backplane material increases, the power of the component will be reduced.

[0020] In addition, as the application of large-size batteries increases, the size of the components also increases, so the amount of packaging materials used for the components and the weight of the components also increase, the cost of the components also increases, and the difficulty of transportation and installation of the components also increases. How to ensure the reliability of the components while reducing the weight of the components is also a problem that the entire industry is working hard to study after the widespread application of large-size batteries.

[0021] There are two solutions currently used in the industry:

[0022] 1. Reduce the diameter of the circular welding strip;

[0023] Problems: a. The minimum diameter of the circular solder strip can be temporarily 0.2mm. However, due to the reduction in the diameter of the solder strip, if the battery is not changed, the power loss of the component will increase, sacrificing power; if optimization is required, the battery needs to be changed, the number of main grids needs to be increased, the silver paste consumption of the battery needs to be increased, and the amount of solder strip used needs to be increased; b. After the solder strip becomes thinner, the yield strength of the solder strip becomes smaller, and it will be easier to break during the production process. The solder strip is softer and more difficult to stretch. The solder strip will bend, the string welding accuracy will deteriorate, the welding difficulty will be large, and the defective rate will increase;

[0024] 2. Use segmented solder strips. The front of the component uses round or triangular solder strips to ensure full utilization of light, and the back uses flat solder strips. Problems: a. Sacrifice about 3% of the back power; b. The segmented solder strips are difficult to prepare, and the residual stress at the interface of the segments is large, and they are relatively easy to break; in addition, the version needs to be fixed, and the length of the segmented solder strips cannot be changed at will after being fixed; c. During the welding process, the equipment needs to be modified to identify the solder strips. In addition, it is also necessary to avoid the distortion of the solder strips, which will increase the defectiveness of the process.

[0025] Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the packaging material layer, for example, the thickness of the back packaging material layer, reduce the amount of packaging material used, reduce the distance between the back panel material and the battery cell, and avoid charged bodies, for example, direct contact between the welding ribbon and the glass, while ensuring sufficient welding ribbon yield strength and small battery power loss without reducing the diameter of the currently used circular welding ribbon, thereby reducing the influence of sodium ions and improving the component's anti-PID (Potential Induced Degradation) performance.

[0026] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solar cell assembly and a manufacturing method thereof, the manufacturing method comprising: providing a battery string; making a backplane, wherein a reserved hole is opened in the backplane; providing a front plate; arranging the battery string on the front plate; injecting a packaging material; and curing the packaging material to obtain the solar cell assembly. In this way, the packaging material is injected through the injection hole or directly injected, and the packaging material is directly cured without going through a lamination process. Since there is no lamination process, the pressure exerted on the battery string by the lamination process is avoided, thereby avoiding defects such as hidden cracks and ruptures of the battery string caused by pressure, and avoiding the disconnection of the welding strip due to pressure, etc. Furthermore, since the liquid packaging material has good fluidity and can fill the gap well, it is possible to reduce the amount of packaging material used, reduce the thickness of the packaging material layer, and reduce the distance between the backplane material and the battery string. Furthermore, the front plate and the back plate are bonded by glass glaze, and the glass glaze can ensure the gap between the front plate and the battery string and between the back plate and the battery string, so that the welding strip cannot directly contact the front plate and the back plate material. In this way, the glass glaze acts as a supporting frame between the front plate, the back plate and the battery string, and the packaging material is filled in the gap supported by these frames, so as to ensure that the welding strip is well protected, and the welding strip and the back plate material, especially, the glass back plate are filled with flexible packaging materials, which fully protects the welding strip, improves the yield of the battery cell and avoids defects such as the breakage of the welding strip of the battery cell and the damage of the battery cell. Moreover, the support of the glass glaze prevents the charged body, such as the welding strip, the battery cell, etc., from directly contacting the glass, reducing the influence of sodium ions and improving the anti-PID performance of the component. In this way, without reducing the diameter of the currently used circular solder ribbon and ensuring sufficient solder ribbon yield strength and small battery power loss, the distance between the back panel material and the battery cell is reduced, that is, the thickness of the packaging film on the back of the battery is reduced, and it is ensured that the packaging film in the solar cell module can wrap the back side of the solder ribbon away from the battery cell, that is, the side facing the back panel material, so as to fully protect the solder ribbon.

[0027] Moreover, for other welding strips and bus bars except the circular welding strips, by adopting the two-time packaging material application process disclosed in the present invention, it is also possible to reduce the use of packaging materials, reduce the distance between the backplane material and the battery string, improve the bonding strength of the backplane material to the battery string and the front plate material, fully protect the welding strips, and improve the stability and performance of the battery assembly.

[0028] The solar cell and the manufacturing method thereof according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be exemplarily described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 An example flow chart of the solar energy manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1As shown, the solar manufacturing method includes: providing a battery string; making a back plate, wherein the back plate is provided with a reserved hole; providing a front plate; arranging the battery string on the front plate; injecting packaging material; and curing the packaging material to obtain the solar cell assembly.

[0030] For example, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, providing a battery string may include: connecting a plurality of battery cells; welding a plurality of welding strips on at least one side of the plurality of battery cells to form the battery string; and testing the battery string connected with the plurality of welding strips, wherein the battery string includes lead wires.

[0031] For example, the detection may be electroluminescence (EL) detection.

[0032] For example, the battery string may include one string of battery cells or more strings of battery cells, that is, the battery cells are formed into multiple rows and columns, each row of battery cells are connected to each other into a string, and battery cells in different strings are also connected to each other through welding strips or bus bars to form a battery string.

[0033] For example, multiple welding strips can be set on the front side of multiple battery cells and welded to the front side of the battery cells, or multiple welding strips can be set on the back side of the battery cells and welded, or welding strips can be set on both the back side and the front side of the battery cells and welded. Technicians in this field can set the welding strips as needed.

[0034] For example, in one example, making a backplane, wherein the backplane has a reserved hole may include: providing a backplane glass, and forming the reserved hole on the backplane glass; using a template to print glass glaze around and in the middle of the backplane glass, wherein the reserved hole is also configured to lead out the lead wire of the battery string. By arranging the glass glaze in the middle of the backplane material, after curing, the glass glaze can act as a reflective material, and can reflect the sunlight incident thereon back to the battery cell, thereby further improving the light conversion rate. Figure 2a The plan view of the back plate is shown. In the back plate 7, a reserved hole 16 is opened on the back plate glass 7a, and the glass glaze 15 is formed into a grid shape and distributed around and in the middle of the back plate glass 7a. Figure 2b is along Figure 2a The cross-sectional view of the back panel is obtained by cutting along the line AA' in the figure. The glass glaze 15 is arranged around the back panel glass 7a and in the middle area. The back panel glass is not cut from the reserved hole 16 here, but the reserved hole penetrates the entire back panel glass.

[0035] For example, the reserved hole may be formed on the back glass by drilling a hole with a drill, etc. The reserved hole is located at the edge of the battery assembly, which is convenient for leading out the lead wire for electrical connection.

[0036] For example, in one example, providing the front plate may include: providing a front plate glass; and printing glass frit on four sides of the front plate glass using a template. Figure 3a FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a front plate, in which a glass glaze 14 is formed around the front plate glass 3a. Figure 3b Shown along Figure 3a The cross-sectional view of the front plate obtained by cutting the line BB' in FIG.

[0037] For example, Figure 2b and Figure 3b In the figure, the glass glaze is shown as a continuous strip, but the form of the glass glaze is not limited. For example, it can be arranged in a segmented strip in the middle area. This embodiment is not limited to this, and the glass glaze can be arranged according to the bonding needs.

[0038] For example, after setting the battery string on the front panel and before injecting the packaging material, it also includes: setting the back panel on the battery string to sandwich the battery string between the front panel and the back panel, and injecting the packaging material includes: injecting the packaging material through the reserved hole.

[0039] For example, after injecting the packaging material and before curing the packaging material, the method for manufacturing a solar cell according to the present embodiment further includes: disposing the back panel on the cell string on which the packaging material is disposed, so as to sandwich the cell string and the packaging material between the front panel and the back panel; the injecting of the packaging material includes: directly injecting the packaging material between the cell string and the front panel glass and onto the cell string.

[0040] For example, in one example, the battery string is arranged on the front panel, for example, by using a manipulator to transport the battery string to the front panel; the back panel is arranged on the battery string, so that the battery string is sandwiched between the front panel and the back panel, including: the back panel is arranged on the side of the battery string opposite to the front panel; the lead wire of the battery string is led out from the reserved hole; and the glass glaze of the front panel and the glass glaze of the back panel are aligned and fixed; pressure is applied to the back panel; and the glass glaze of the front panel and the back panel are cured. The battery string here may include multiple rows and columns of battery cells, and the connected battery cells are placed on the front panel. The pressure applied when curing the glass glaze is sufficient as long as the front panel, the back panel and the battery string do not shift in position, which is much less than the pressure when the packaging film is laminated in the conventional process, so defects such as hidden cracks in the battery cells or disconnection of the solder strips will not be caused. Figure 4A schematic diagram is shown in which a battery string 8 is arranged between the front plate 3 and the back plate 7. For the sake of simplicity, the welding strips on the battery string are not shown in the figure, but it should be clear to those skilled in the art that welding strips may be provided on the front and / or back of the battery string 8. It can be seen from the figure that the glass glaze on the front plate 3 and the back plate 7 are bonded together around the battery cell.

[0041] For example, in one example, the front panel glass may not be provided with glass glaze, and providing a battery string may include: connecting a plurality of battery cells; welding a plurality of welding strips on at least one side of the plurality of battery cells to form a plurality of battery cell strings; and providing a front panel may include: providing a front panel glass. The battery string is provided on the front panel, including: providing the plurality of battery cell strings on the front panel glass; connecting the plurality of battery cell strings in series or in parallel; and testing the electrically connected plurality of battery cell strings, such as an EL test. After the battery string is provided on the front panel and before the packaging material is injected, the manufacturing method further includes: providing the back panel on the battery string to sandwich the battery string between the front panel and the back panel, including: providing the back panel on the side of the battery string opposite to the front panel glass; leading out the lead wire of the battery string from the reserved hole; and aligning and fixing the back panel, the front panel glass and the battery string; applying pressure to the back panel; and curing the glass glaze of the back panel. The injection of the packaging material includes: injecting the packaging material through the reserved hole. Figure 5 A schematic diagram is shown in which a battery string 8 is arranged between the front glass 3a and the back plate 7. For the sake of simplicity, it can be seen from the figure that the glass glaze on the back plate 7 extends to the front glass 3a around the battery cell, and the front glass, back plate and battery string are bonded.

[0042] Alternatively, the multiple strings of battery cells may be arranged on the front glass panel; the multiple strings of battery cells may be connected in series or in parallel; and the electrically connected multiple strings of battery cells may be tested, for example, after an EL test, the packaging material may be directly injected into the battery string, and then a back panel may be applied to cure the packaging material. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.

[0043] For example, in one example, the thickness of the glass enamel on the back panel glass may be 500-800 microns.

[0044] For example, in one example, the thickness of the glass frit on the front glass plate may be 40-60 microns.

[0045] For example, the glass glaze may be a low-temperature glass glaze, which can be cured at low temperature without sintering, and can be applied to the surface of the front plate or back plate glass of the finished solar cell module, and the glass glaze may include titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, a binder and a solvent. The binder may include one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin and silicone.

[0046] For example, Figure 6 As shown, manufacturing a backplane, wherein the backplane is provided with a reserved hole, may also include: curing the glass glaze on the backplane glass to obtain a backplane 7c; providing a front panel may also include: curing the glass glaze on the front panel to obtain a backplane 3c; arranging the backplane on the battery string on which the packaging material is arranged may include: arranging the backplane on the side of the battery string opposite to the front panel glass; leading out the lead wires of the battery string from the reserved hole.

[0047] For example, in this example, before the front plate and the back plate are used to sandwich the battery string, the glass glaze on the back plate and the front plate is solidified, and the glass glaze can be a conventional glass glaze. The glass glaze can include titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide. During the high-temperature sintering process, silicon dioxide acts as a binder. The glass glaze on the front plate glass is located around the front plate glass and has a thickness of 500 to 800 microns. The glass glaze on the back plate glass is located around the back plate glass and in the middle area. The thickness of the glass glaze around the back plate glass is less than or equal to the thickness of the glass glaze around the front plate glass. The thickness of the glass glaze in the middle area of ​​the back plate glass is 40-60 microns. The orthographic projection of the glass glaze on the front plate glass on the battery string can be located inside the orthographic projection of the glass glaze on the back plate glass. Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the battery string 8 disposed between the front plate 3c and the back plate 7c is shown. For the sake of simplicity, it can be seen from the figure that around the battery cell, the glass glaze on the front plate glass 3a of the front plate 3c is located inside the glass glaze on the back plate 7c. The thickness of the glass glaze around the front plate glass is high, so it can be enough to directly carry the packaging material. The glaze of the back plate glass overlaps with the front glass glaze, and then the glaze of the glass back plate is outside the glaze of the front plate glass. There is an extrusion process in the assembly manufacturing process to facilitate the contact between the packaging material and the back plate glass. The excess packaging material can overflow from the middle hole and the surroundings to discharge all the gas, thereby further improving the packaging effect of the packaging material on the battery assembly.

[0048] For example, the orthographic projection of the glass glaze on the front glass panel on the battery string can be located inside the orthographic projection of the glass glaze on the back glass panel, as long as the two are staggered and can be seamlessly joined after sandwiching the battery string. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.

[0049] For example, in one example, curing the packaging material to obtain the solar cell module may include: curing the packaging material by ultraviolet light irradiation; or curing the packaging material by high temperature.

[0050] For example, in one example, after curing the packaging material, the method for manufacturing the solar cell assembly may further include: applying a sealant 9; and installing a frame 10 to manufacture the solar cell assembly.

[0051] For example, before applying the sealant, the manufacturing method may further include: applying a sealant material and a desiccant between the front plate and the back plate, and setting the sealant outside the back plate and the front plate material to which the desiccant is applied, thereby realizing a double-layer sealed solar cell module. The desiccant added between the two layers of sealing can further prevent water vapor from penetrating from all sides of the module and damaging the solar cell module, thereby improving the stability and performance of the solar cell module.

[0052] For example, the packaging material may be liquid silicone, and may also include one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB). For example, the packaging material may be ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and may also be a mixture of any two of the three or a mixture of the three.

[0053] For example, the polyolefin elastomer can be one or more of ethylene and butene, pentene, hexene or octene copolymers. When the encapsulating material is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), EVA materials with different vinyl acetate (VA) contents can be used, when the encapsulating material is a polyolefin elastomer, a copolymer of ethylene and butene, pentene, hexene or octene or a copolymer with butene, pentene, hexene or octene with different ethylene contents can be used, a mixture of the two in EVA, POE and PVB with different relative contents, or a mixture of the three with different contents. When the encapsulating material film includes encapsulating materials with the same components or compositions and different contents, it can be considered to be different encapsulating materials. For example, when the packaging material is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, when the components are the same but the VA content is different, they can be considered as different packaging materials; when the packaging material is a mixture of polymer materials, when the composition is the same but the content is different, for example, when the packaging material includes a mixture of EVA and POE, if the EVA content is different, they can be considered as different packaging materials. Only these two examples are given. For other situations, technicians in this field can infer, and they will not be elaborated here.

[0054] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a solar cell assembly, which is manufactured using any of the manufacturing methods described above.

[0055] Several examples of the method for manufacturing the solar cell assembly according to the embodiment of the present disclosure are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Example 1, a method for manufacturing an exemplary solar cell module is as follows:

[0057] The component creation process described in this example is as follows:

[0058] (1) Make battery strings according to the design and conduct inspection and testing;

[0059] (2) Position and layout according to the circuit design, use bus bars to weld in series and parallel to make the circuit part of the component, that is, the electrically connected battery string, and perform EL testing to ensure that there are no problems with the battery and circuit;

[0060] (3) Prepare the front plate material glass 3a, and use a template to print glass glaze 14 on the front plate material glass 3a. The thickness of the glaze is about 500 to 800 microns. Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown;

[0061] (4) Make the back glass 7a, and use a template to print glass glaze 15 on the back glass 7a. The thickness of the glaze is 50 microns. Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown;

[0062] (5) Use a robot to move the entire circuit part of the component onto the front plate 3, then cover the back plate 7, and lead the lead wires in the circuit part of the component out from the reserved holes 16 of the back plate 7 to obtain the following: Figure 4 The structure shown;

[0063] (6) Align and fix the components around the periphery, apply pressure on the back plate, and then use a laser to partially scan the components around the periphery to solidify the glass glaze, ensuring that the glass glaze on the front and back sides is completely solidified and the front plate and back plate are bonded together;

[0064] (7) Inject liquid silicone through the reserved hole 16 of the back plate to ensure that the liquid silicone completely covers the battery string without any wires or batteries exposed;

[0065] (8) Expose the component seal to ultraviolet light and apply a small amount of vacuum to ensure that bubbles are expelled to complete the curing operation;

[0066] (9), applying sealant 9, installing frame 10 and other subsequent steps to manufacture solar panels.

[0067] Among them, glass glaze 14 is applied around the front plate material glass 3a, and glass glaze 15 is also applied around the back plate glass 7a. The glass glaze is a low-temperature glass glaze, which has the characteristics of high reflection, and contains components such as titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, a binder and a solvent. The binder is one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin or silicone. The glass glaze of this embodiment is low-temperature cured and can be applied to the surface of the finished photovoltaic front plate or back plate glass without sintering. Before application, confirm that the glass surface is clean to ensure the adhesion between the glass glaze and the glass. The packaging material liquid silicone has high transmittance and can be cured at high temperature or light-cured.

[0068] Example 2, a method for manufacturing an exemplary solar cell module is as follows:

[0069] The component creation process described in this example is as follows:

[0070] (1) Make battery strings according to the design and conduct inspection and testing;

[0071] (2) Lay the front plate material glass 3a, position and layout it on the front plate material glass 3a according to the circuit design, use bus bars to weld in series and parallel to make the circuit part of the component, and perform EL testing to ensure that there are no problems with the battery and circuit;

[0072] (3) manufacturing a back plate glass 7a, and printing a glass glaze 14 on the back plate glass 7a using a template to obtain a back plate 7, wherein the glaze height around the glass is 500 to 800 microns, and the glass glaze height at other positions in the glass is 50 microns;

[0073] (4) Cover the back plate 7, and lead out the lead wires in the component circuit part from the reserved holes 16 of the back plate 7 to obtain the following Figure 5 The structure shown;

[0074] (5) Fix the components with a mold, apply pressure on the back glass, and then use laser scanning to partially solidify the glass glaze to ensure that the front and back glass glazes are completely solidified and the front and back glass are connected together;

[0075] (6) Inject liquid silicone through the reserved hole 16 of the back plate to ensure that the liquid silicone completely covers the battery string without any wires or batteries exposed;

[0076] (7) Expose the component seal to ultraviolet light and apply a small amount of vacuum to ensure that bubbles are expelled to complete the curing operation;

[0077] (8), applying sealant 8, installing frame 9 and other subsequent steps to manufacture solar panels.

[0078] Glass glaze 15 is applied around the back glass 7a. The glass glaze 15 is a low-temperature glass glaze with high reflective properties. It contains titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, a binder, a solvent and other ingredients. The binder is one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin or silicone. The glass glaze of this embodiment is low-temperature cured and can be applied to the surface of the finished photovoltaic front panel or back glass without sintering. Before application, make sure the glass surface is clean to ensure the adhesion between the glass glaze and the glass. The glass glaze around the glass has two functions: reflection and sealing. Its height is higher than the glass glaze around the middle battery cell. The packaging material liquid silicone has high transmittance and can be cured at high temperature or light-cured.

[0079] Example 3, a method for manufacturing an exemplary solar cell module is as follows:

[0080] The component creation process described in this example is as follows:

[0081] (1) Prepare a front plate material glass 3a, print glass glaze 14 on the surface of the front plate material glass 3a using a template, and sinter and solidify it to form a front plate 3c, such as Figure 6 As shown;

[0082] (2) Prepare the back plate glass 7a, print the glass glaze 15 on the surface of the back plate glass 7a using a template, and sinter and solidify it to make the back plate 7c, such as Figure 6 As shown,

[0083] (3) Produce battery strings according to the design and conduct inspection and testing;

[0084] (4) Lay the front plate 3c, position and layout it on the front plate 3c according to the circuit design, use bus bars to weld in series and parallel to make the circuit part of the assembly, and perform EL testing to ensure that there are no problems with the battery and circuit;

[0085] (5) Inject liquid silicone into the front plate 3c, ensuring that the liquid silicone completely covers the battery string without any wires or batteries exposed;

[0086] (9) Cover the back plate 7c and lead the lead wires in the component circuit part out from the reserved holes 16 of the back plate 7c;

[0087] (6) Liquid silica gel is injected through the back panel glass lead wire lead-out hole 16 to ensure that bubbles are discharged;

[0088] (7) Expose the component seal to ultraviolet light and apply a small amount of vacuum to ensure that bubbles are expelled to complete the curing operation;

[0089] (8) Apply sealant 9, install frame 9 and other subsequent steps to manufacture solar panels.

[0090] Glass glaze 14 is applied around the front plate material glass 3a, and glass glaze 15 is applied around the back plate glass 7a. The glass glaze is a conventional glass glaze that can be sintered at high temperature. It also has high reflectivity. It needs to be printed on the glass surface when the glass is made, and sintered during tempering, and firmly attached to the glass surface. The surfaces of the front plate 3c and the back plate 7c are both applied with this glass glaze, and sintering has been completed during assembly of the components. The glass glaze of the front plate material glass 3a is applied around the glass, and its thickness is 500 to 800 microns; the glaze thickness around the back plate glass 7a is less than or equal to the glaze thickness around the front plate glass 3a, and the thickness of the middle area of ​​the back plate glass 7a is about 50 microns. The length and width of the glaze of the front plate glass 3a are slightly larger than the inner diameter of the glaze of the back plate glass 7a. The thickness of the glass glaze around the front glass is high, so it can directly carry the packaging material. The glaze of the back glass overlaps with the glaze of the front glass. The glaze of the back glass is outside the glaze of the front glass. There is an extrusion process in the component manufacturing process to facilitate the contact between the packaging material and the back glass. The excess packaging material can overflow from the middle hole and the surroundings to discharge all the gas. The packaging material liquid silicone has high transmittance and can be cured at high temperature or light.

[0091] The solar cell assembly and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects:

[0092] 1. Directly injecting or injecting the packaging material through the injection hole without lamination process avoids the pressure exerted on the battery string by the lamination process, thereby avoiding defects such as hidden cracks and ruptures of the battery string caused by pressure, and avoiding the disconnection of the welding ribbon due to pressure;

[0093] 2. Liquid packaging materials have good fluidity and can fill gaps well. Compared with conventional processes that require laminating packaging materials, they can reduce the total amount of packaging materials used and reduce the distance between the backplane material and the battery string and / or the frontplane material and the battery string;

[0094] 3. A front plate with glass glaze applied in the middle area is used, so that after the front plate and the back plate sandwich the battery string to form a solar cell module, the glass glaze in the middle area can also reflect the sunlight incident thereon to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell module;

[0095] 4. In the subsequent process, the packaging material is applied. The material can fill the gap well, fully protect the welding belt, and make the backplane material and the battery cell better combined;

[0096] 5. Double-layer sealing is used for the battery components, and desiccant is added between the double-layer seals to further prevent water vapor from penetrating from all sides of the components and damaging the solar cell components, thereby improving the stability and performance of the solar cell components.

[0097] Embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the marketplace, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0098] Embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the marketplace, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising: Provide battery strings; Making a back plate, wherein a reserved hole is opened in the back plate; Front panel provided; placing a battery string on the front plate; Injecting encapsulation material; curing the packaging material to obtain the solar cell module, The back plate is manufactured, wherein the back plate has a reserved hole, comprising: Providing a back plate glass, and forming the reserved hole on the back plate glass; A template is used to print glass glaze around the periphery and the middle part of the back plate glass. The reserved hole is also configured to lead out the lead wire of the battery string. The front panels provided include: Provide front glass; A glass enamel is printed on the four sides of the front glass using a template. The orthographic projection of the glass frit on the back glass on the battery string is outside the orthographic projection of the glass frit on the front glass.

2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, after arranging the battery string on the front plate and before injecting the packaging material, further comprising: The back plate is arranged on the battery string so as to sandwich the battery string between the front plate and the back plate, The injection packaging material comprises: The packaging material is injected through the reserved hole.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, after injecting the packaging material and before curing the packaging material, further comprising: Disposing the back plate on the battery string on which the packaging material is disposed, so that the battery string and the packaging material are sandwiched between the front plate and the back plate; The injection packaging material comprises: The packaging material is directly injected between the cell string and the front glass and onto the cell string.

4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein providing the battery string comprises: Connect multiple battery cells; Welding a plurality of welding strips on at least one side of a plurality of battery cells to form the battery string; Detecting the battery string connected with a plurality of welding ribbons, The battery string includes lead wires.

5. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the step of placing the battery string on the front plate comprises: Using a robot to transport the battery string to the front plate; The step of arranging the back plate on the battery string so as to sandwich the battery string between the front plate and the back plate comprises: Disposing the back plate on a side of the battery string opposite to the front plate; Leading out the lead wires of the battery string from the reserved holes; and Aligning the glass frit of the front plate and the glass frit of the back plate and aligning and fixing the back plate, the front plate and the battery string; applying pressure to the back plate; The glass frits of the front plate and the back plate are cured.

6. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein providing a battery string comprises: Connect multiple battery cells; Weld multiple welding strips on at least one side of multiple battery cells to form multiple strings of battery cells The providing of the front panel comprises: Provide front glass; The step of arranging the battery string on the front plate comprises: Placing the plurality of strings of cells on the front glass plate; Connecting the multiple strings of battery cells in series or in parallel; Testing the electrically connected multiple strings of battery cells; After the battery string is arranged on the front plate and before the packaging material is injected, the manufacturing method further includes: The back plate is arranged on the battery string to sandwich the battery string between the front plate and the back plate, comprising: The back plate is arranged on a side of the battery string opposite to the front plate glass; Leading out the lead wires of the battery string from the reserved holes; and Aligning and fixing the back panel, the front panel glass and the battery string; applying pressure to the back plate; Curing the glass enamel of the back plate The injection packaging material comprises: The packaging material is injected through the reserved hole.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the back plate is manufactured, wherein the back plate has a reserved hole therein and further comprises: Curing the glass glaze on the back plate glass; The providing of the front panel also includes: curing the glass frit on the front plate; The step of disposing the back plate on the battery string on which the packaging material is disposed comprises: The back plate is arranged on a side of the battery string opposite to the front plate glass; Lead out the lead wires of the battery string from the reserved holes.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein curing the encapsulation material to obtain the solar cell assembly comprises: The packaging material is cured by irradiating with ultraviolet light.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, after curing the packaging material, further comprising: Apply sealant; as well as A frame is installed to manufacture the solar cell assembly. 10 . The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the glass enamel on the back glass is 500-800 μm.

11. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the glass frit on the front glass is 40-60 microns.

12. The manufacturing method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the glass enamel is a low-temperature glass enamel comprising titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, a binder and a solvent.

13. The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein the adhesive comprises one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin and silicone. The manufacturing method according to claim 7 , wherein the glass frit is a conventional glass frit.

15. The manufacturing method according to claim 14, wherein the glass glaze on the front glass is located around the front glass and has a thickness of 500-800 microns, the glass glaze on the back glass is located around and in the middle area of ​​the back glass, the thickness of the glass glaze around the back glass is less than or equal to the thickness of the glass glaze on the front glass, and the thickness of the glass glaze in the middle area of ​​the back glass is 40-60 microns.

16. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the packaging material is liquid silicone.

17. A solar cell module manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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