A low-voltage distribution area intelligent monitoring system

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-voltage distribution area intelligent monitoring system. The system includes a distribution area topology monitoring and identification subsystem, comprising: a resonant circuit installed in each intelligent miniature circuit breaker (MBR) on each branch line of the distribution area to generate a specified resonant current; a current fingerprint signal generation module, used to generate and transmit a current fingerprint signal corresponding to the current MBR based on the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit within the current MBR and the address code of the current MBR; and a distribution area topology identification module, used to receive and decode the current fingerprint signal, and obtain the physical topology of the distribution area based on the decoded address code. This invention has advantages such as simple implementation, ability to achieve intelligent monitoring and management of distribution area topology, wide applicability, and strong anti-interference capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring system for low-voltage distribution areas. Background Technology

[0002] The research and application of remote data acquisition in the power industry initially focused on power load control systems. With further technological advancements, this has expanded beyond traditional load control to include more business applications such as load management systems. Distribution substations, as the intersection of interests between power supply marketing and electricity customers, were initially developed primarily by expanding distribution transformer monitoring functions on top of load management systems. However, with evolving business requirements and technological advancements, the monitoring of distribution substations has shifted from a rudimentary approach to a more refined one.

[0003] Due to the complex network of power distribution lines and the irregular distribution of user meters, errors in user records can hinder the accurate and effective implementation of electricity management and planning by power consumption managers. To ensure the stability and reliability of the power user information collection system, it is necessary to clearly define the distribution area affiliation and topology of each electrical device within the area. The distribution area topology is crucial for line loss analysis, three-phase imbalance analysis and mitigation, and fault location. While identifying distribution area affiliation can be quickly achieved by installing carrier wave generators, the complex topology of low-voltage distribution areas with numerous branch lines makes topology identification more challenging. Especially given the large number of devices involved and the frequent replacement of old and new meters, leading to topology changes, intelligent monitoring and management of the distribution area topology is essential for obtaining accurate topology information in real time.

[0004] For transformer substation topology identification, existing technologies typically employ the injection of characteristic currents, as illustrated in patent applications CN112968520A and CN111030303A. This approach involves injecting a characteristic current of a specific frequency at key nodes and transmitting it, then analyzing and identifying the characteristic current to determine the substation's topology. However, the transmission distance of the characteristic current is often short and prone to interfering with the transformer substation's signal. To avoid signal interference, the frequency of the characteristic current is often set relatively high. However, excessively high frequencies cause rapid current attenuation during transmission, resulting in either no characteristic current signal or a weak signal received at the receiver. Therefore, the aforementioned characteristic current-based transformer substation topology identification method is only suitable for short distances. Furthermore, using lower frequency characteristic currents can cause signal interference to the transformer substation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system that is simple to implement, can realize intelligent monitoring and management of transformer area topology, has a wide range of applications, and strong anti-interference ability.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0007] A low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system, the system including a transformer area topology monitoring and identification subsystem, the transformer area topology monitoring and identification subsystem including:

[0008] The resonant circuit is installed in each intelligent miniature circuit device on each branch line of the transformer substation to generate a specified resonant current.

[0009] The current fingerprint signal generation module is used to generate a current fingerprint signal corresponding to the current intelligent micro-break device based on the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit in the current intelligent micro-break device and the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device, and to transmit it on each branch line according to the line topology.

[0010] The transformer area topology identification module is used to receive the current fingerprint signal, decode it, and obtain the physical topology of the transformer area based on the decoded address encoding.

[0011] Furthermore, the resonant circuit is an LC resonant circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the current fingerprint signal generation module includes:

[0013] The address encoding unit is used to obtain the address code of the current intelligent micro circuit device and encode it with the address code obtained from the previous level intelligent micro circuit device to form the address code of the current intelligent micro circuit device;

[0014] The fingerprint signal generation unit is used to load the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device onto the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit in the current intelligent micro-break device, thereby generating the corresponding current fingerprint signal.

[0015] Furthermore, in the address encoding unit, the address code of the current intelligent micro-circuit device and the address code obtained from the previous level intelligent micro-circuit device are sequentially encoded according to the hierarchy.

[0016] Furthermore, the transformer area topology identification module includes:

[0017] The decoding unit is used to receive and decode the current fingerprint signal generated by the intelligent micro-circuit device at the end of the transmission or a designated location to obtain the address code.

[0018] The topology acquisition unit is used to obtain the topology location of the current intelligent micro-break device based on the address code.

[0019] Furthermore, the system also includes an intelligent sensing system, which includes any one or more of the following: a fusion terminal, an intelligent distribution area main switch, an anti-electricity theft monitoring terminal, a three-phase intelligent molded case circuit breaker, an intelligent phase-changing switch, an intelligent circuit breaker, an intelligent IoT meter, and environmental sensing sensors. The fusion terminal is used to sense the operating parameters and status information of key nodes in the distribution area. The environmental sensing sensors include any one or more of the following: a temperature and humidity sensor, a drop-out fuse status sensor, a smoke sensor, a water immersion sensor, and a transformer terminal temperature sensor.

[0020] Furthermore, the intelligent sensing system is connected to the resonant circuit in the transformer area topology monitoring and identification subsystem to control the resonant circuit to generate a resonant current based on the information sensed by the intelligent sensing system.

[0021] A method for intelligent monitoring of low-voltage distribution areas, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step S1. Control the resonant circuits installed in each intelligent miniature circuit breaker on each branch line of the transformer area to generate the specified resonant current;

[0023] Step S2. When the current is transmitted through each intelligent miniature circuit breaker on each branch line within the transformer area, a current fingerprint signal corresponding to the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker is generated based on the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit in the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker and the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker, and then transmitted on each branch line according to the line topology.

[0024] Step S3. Receive and decode the current fingerprint signal generated by the intelligent micro-circuit device at the transmission end or a specified location, and obtain the physical topology of the transformer area based on the address encoding obtained from the decoding.

[0025] Furthermore, step S2 includes:

[0026] Step S201. Obtain the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker and encode it with the address code obtained from the previous intelligent miniature circuit breaker to form the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker;

[0027] Step S202. Load the address code of the current intelligent micro-circuit device onto the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit in the current intelligent micro-circuit device to generate the corresponding current fingerprint signal.

[0028] Furthermore, step S1 also includes sensing the operating parameters and status information of each device in the distribution area, and controlling each of the resonant circuits to generate resonant current based on the sensed information.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. This invention is based on a current-type topology identification method using resonant current. It utilizes the essence of current tracing by setting resonant circuits in each intelligent micro-circuit device on each branch line of the distribution area to generate resonant current. The resonant current is combined with the unique address code of the device to form a current fingerprint signal. This current fingerprint signal can determine the position of each node in the network in real time and accurately, realizing real-time automatic monitoring and identification of the distribution area topology. Moreover, the modulation peak current of the resonant current can reach several amperes, so the transmission distance is long and the anti-interference performance is good, making it applicable to a wide range of low-voltage distribution areas.

[0031] 2. The present invention further adopts the LC reactive resonant modulation method, which not only has low heat generation, small size, low cost, and high reliability, but can further improve the implementation cost, usage flexibility and reliability of intelligent monitoring of transformer topology.

[0032] 3. Furthermore, this invention can not only monitor the topology of the transformer area in real time, but also realize the real-time intelligent monitoring of the operating parameters and environmental status of the transformer area, thereby efficiently realizing various analyses such as transformer area power outage, intelligent power consumption diagnosis, line loss analysis, and power monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the transformer area topology monitoring and identification subsystem in the low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system of this embodiment.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of current-type topology recognition used in this embodiment.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of implementing transformer area topology monitoring and identification in a specific application embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the transformer area topology monitoring and identification subsystem in this embodiment.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent monitoring system for low-voltage distribution areas in a specific application embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of the transformer topology monitoring method in the low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system of this embodiment.

[0039] Diagram Explanation: 1. Resonant Circuit; 2. Current Fingerprint Signal Generation Module; 21. Address Encoding Unit; 22. Fingerprint Signal Generation Unit; 3. Transformer Area Topology Identification Module; 31. Decoding Unit; 32. Topology Acquisition Unit. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the low-voltage distribution area intelligent monitoring system in this embodiment includes a distribution area topology monitoring and identification subsystem, which includes:

[0042] Resonant circuit 1 is installed in each intelligent miniature circuit device on each branch line of the transformer area to generate a specified resonant current.

[0043] The current fingerprint signal generation module 2 is used to generate a current fingerprint signal corresponding to the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker based on the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit in the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker and the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker. The signal is then transmitted on each branch line according to the topology of the transformer area line. The address code can be obtained by encoding the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker to form a unique feature code.

[0044] The transformer area topology identification module 3 is used to receive and decode the current fingerprint signal, and obtain the physical topology of the transformer area based on the address encoding obtained from the decoding.

[0045] Current fingerprint signals are generated when a specific current waveform is actively or passively emitted at one end of a node, and this waveform is rapidly acquired at the other end. Through methods such as spectrum analysis and time-stamped analysis, the data is processed, analyzed, and located. Each device carries a unique feature code within the current waveform, forming its own unique fingerprint. By identifying this current fingerprint signal and decoding the unique feature code, the location of each device in the network can be quickly determined, thereby determining the area topology. Current-type signals are series-connected; the relationship between the current generation is only between the source and the load. Figure 2 As shown, the resonant current is transmitted from the main meter of the distribution area to each branch (equipment distribution room, equipment building electrical room, etc.) through intelligent micro-circuit devices (such as intelligent circuit breakers). The topology can be obtained by using this current-type signal.

[0046] This embodiment is based on a current-type topology identification method using resonant current. Utilizing the essence of current tracing, a resonant circuit 1 is set in each intelligent micro-circuit device on each branch line of the distribution area to generate a resonant current. The current fingerprint signal generation module 2 combines the resonant current with the unique address code of the device to form a current fingerprint signal. The distribution area topology identification module 3 decodes the current fingerprint signal. The address code obtained from the decoding can determine the location of each node in the network in real time and accurately, realizing real-time automatic monitoring and identification of the distribution area topology. Moreover, the modulation peak current of the resonant current can reach several amperes, thus achieving long transmission distance and good anti-interference performance, making it applicable to a wide range of low-voltage distribution areas.

[0047] In this embodiment, the resonant circuit 1 is specifically an LC resonant circuit, which includes an inductor L and a capacitor C. Specifically, an LC resonant circuit is placed between the live wire and the neutral wire at the node to be installed. By actively controlling the on / off state of the resonant circuit, a specific resonant current waveform is generated on the power cable. This waveform, combined with the address encoding of the current intelligent micro-circuit breaker (MIC), forms a current fingerprint signal, carrying the device's unique feature code. The LC reactive power resonant modulation method not only results in low heat generation, small size, and low cost, but also high reliability, further improving the implementation cost, flexibility, and reliability of intelligent monitoring of the transformer substation topology.

[0048] In this embodiment, the intelligent miniature circuit breaker can be an intelligent circuit breaker in the branch lines of the distribution network, or it can be an intelligent switching device such as an intelligent relay, which can be determined according to actual needs. There will be a large number of intelligent miniature circuit breakers in the distribution area. If the resonant circuit 1 is installed on all of them, the cost will increase significantly. In this embodiment, the resonant circuit 1 is only installed on the intelligent miniature circuit breaker at the input end of the branch line. That is, the resonant current and current fingerprint signal are only generated at the input end of the branch line. The branch structure can be determined from the input end of the branch line, which can ensure the realization of intelligent monitoring of the distribution area topology and greatly reduce the implementation cost.

[0049] For example Figure 3 Taking the topology of the transformer substation as an example, the substation is divided into three branches (1, 2, and 3) after the substation distribution transformer. Each branch further extends into sub-branches (1-1, 1-2, 1-2-1, 2-1, 2-2, 3-1, and 3-2). Resonant circuit 1 is embedded in the smart circuit breaker at the input port of branches 1, 2, and 3, and resonant circuit 1 is also embedded in the smart circuit breaker at the input port of each sub-branch. The resonant circuit 1 of branches 1, 2, and 3 generates resonant current and generates an initial current fingerprint signal by combining it with the address code of the smart circuit breaker. Each initial current fingerprint signal is transmitted along the network structure of its respective line. For example, the current fingerprint signal of branch 1 is transmitted along branch 1 to 1-2 and 2-1. On the resonant circuit 1 of branch 1-2, a new current fingerprint signal is generated by combining the generated resonant current and the address code of the current smart circuit breaker. The new current fingerprint signal continues to be transmitted to the next level 1-2-1, and so on, until it is transmitted to the end of the transmission line.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the current fingerprint signal generation module 2 includes:

[0051] Address encoding unit 21 is used to obtain the address code of the current intelligent micro circuit device and encode it with the address code obtained from the previous intelligent micro circuit device to form the address code of the current intelligent micro circuit device;

[0052] The fingerprint signal generation unit 22 is used to load the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device onto the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit 1 in the current intelligent micro-break device to generate a corresponding current fingerprint signal.

[0053] The address code of the aforementioned intelligent micro-circuit device is a uniquely corresponding code pre-configured according to the location of the intelligent micro-circuit device, that is, each intelligent micro-circuit device has a unique address code.

[0054] The current fingerprint signal is continuously transmitted to the next level along the current transmission path. Each time it is transmitted to the intelligent micro-break device where the current fingerprint signal generation module 2 is located, the address encoding unit 21 re-encodes it according to the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device and the address code obtained from the previous level intelligent micro-break device. This allows the address code of the next level intelligent micro-break device to be continuously added during the transmission process, and new current fingerprint signals to be continuously generated. The current fingerprint signal carries the address codes of each intelligent micro-break device along the current transmission path. The topology can be quickly obtained by decoding the address code. When a new or old device is replaced, the updated topology can be quickly obtained after the replacement is completed.

[0055] In this embodiment, the address encoding unit 21 encodes the address code of the current intelligent micro-interrupt device and the address code obtained from the previous level intelligent micro-interrupt device sequentially according to hierarchy. This ensures that the address codes are sequentially encoded according to hierarchy for each intelligent micro-interrupt device along the path. After decoding the address code, the hierarchical relationship of each intelligent micro-interrupt device can be quickly obtained. For example... Figure 3 Taking the topology shown as an example, a current fingerprint signal 1 is generated on branch 1 according to the address code of smart circuit breaker 1 (assumed to be 1). The address code of smart circuit breaker 1 on sub-branch signal 2 of branch 1 is assumed to be 2. Then the current fingerprint signal of sub-branch signal 2 will be encoded according to 1-2. The current fingerprint signals of subsequent levels will be added with the address codes of subsequent smart circuit breakers in sequence to form an address code such as 1-2-XX... Then the address code loaded by the current fingerprint signal 1 can directly and quickly determine the hierarchical relationship of each device and the location of the current device, that is, obtain the topology.

[0056] In this embodiment, the current fingerprint signal generation module 2 can be embedded in the intelligent miniature circuit device along with the resonant circuit 1, or it can be set independently of the intelligent miniature circuit device and then connected to the resonant circuit 1 in the intelligent miniature circuit device. The specific configuration can be determined according to actual needs.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the transformer area topology identification module 3 specifically includes:

[0058] Decoding unit 31 is used to receive and decode the current fingerprint signal generated by the intelligent micro-circuit device at the end of the transmission or at a designated location to obtain the address code;

[0059] The topology acquisition unit 32 is used to obtain the topology location of the current intelligent micro-break device based on the address code.

[0060] In this embodiment, the transformer area topology identification module 3 can be set at each branch node, key monitoring node, or monitoring terminal. The decoding unit 31 detects and analyzes the current fingerprint waveform of the current fingerprint signal to decode the address code. The topology acquisition unit 32 determines the topology location and level of the current intelligent micro-circuit device based on the address code.

[0061] The monitoring system in this embodiment also includes an intelligent sensing system, which specifically includes: a fusion terminal, an intelligent distribution area main switch, an anti-theft monitoring terminal, a three-phase intelligent molded case circuit breaker, an intelligent phase-changing switch, an intelligent circuit breaker, an intelligent IoT meter, and environmental sensing sensors. The fusion terminal is used to sense the operating parameters and status information of key nodes in the distribution area (transformers, leakage protection devices, branch boxes, meter boxes, etc.). Operating parameters include voltage, current, leakage current, temperature, opening and closing of circuit breakers, and remote signaling parameters. Environmental sensing sensors include temperature and humidity sensors, drop-out fuse status sensors, smoke sensors, water immersion sensors, and transformer terminal temperature sensors. It can monitor the operating parameters of various devices in the distribution area and various environmental conditions in real time. Based on these operating parameters and various environmental conditions, it can realize various applications such as distribution area load monitoring, identification of electrical safety hazards, power outage analysis of distribution area meter boxes, analysis of intelligent meter malfunctions, intelligent diagnosis of illegal electricity use, power quality monitoring of distribution areas, and distributed photovoltaic monitoring.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment deploys the low-voltage distribution area intelligent monitoring system in five layers: main station layer, distribution layer, branch layer, meter box layer, and user layer. The main station uses real-time data and parameters from sensors. The distribution layer is equipped with current transformers and transformer environment sensors. In the branch layer, each branch box is equipped with intelligent circuit breakers and intelligent environment sensors. The intelligent circuit breaker input terminal also contains a resonant circuit 1 to generate resonant current and a current fingerprint signal generation module 2 to generate current fingerprint signals, enabling topology monitoring. In the meter box layer, each meter box input terminal is equipped with intelligent circuit breakers and intelligent environment sensors, also with a resonant circuit 1 to generate resonant current and a current fingerprint signal generation module 2 to generate current fingerprint signals. The output terminal is also equipped with an intelligent power supply protection switch. According to this hierarchical deployment, real-time intelligent monitoring of the low-voltage distribution area's operating parameters and environmental status can be achieved. Simultaneously, the topology of the distribution area can be monitored in real time, enabling efficient and accurate analysis of various aspects such as power outages, intelligent power consumption diagnosis, line loss analysis, and energy monitoring.

[0063] In this embodiment, the intelligent sensing system is connected to the resonant circuit 1 in the transformer area topology monitoring and identification subsystem to control the resonant circuit 1 to generate a resonant current based on the information sensed by the intelligent sensing system. Different transformer areas may have different environmental conditions, and ambient temperature will affect the relative frequency of the resonant circuit. For example, the loss resistance of the inductor L in the resonant circuit will change with temperature, resulting in a change in the relative frequency of the circuit. In this embodiment, the resonant circuit 1 generates the resonant current with reference to the parameters sensed by the intelligent sensing system, so that the frequency characteristics of the resonant current match the environmental conditions of the transformer area, further increasing the transmission distance of the resonant current and thus improving the effectiveness of topology monitoring.

[0064] This embodiment, based on current fingerprint signals, can further achieve precise power outage management for distribution areas. For example, by first determining the relationship and location of each user transformer based on BeiDou location information and current fingerprint signals, power outage management can be performed on target users based on the identified user transformer relationships and locations. For instance, when power outage work needs to be performed on a user, a command is issued to automatically disconnect the corresponding reclosing switch. After the work is completed, a command is sent to restore the connection, enabling precise monitoring and management of power outages for users in the distribution area.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, the steps of the intelligent monitoring method for low-voltage distribution areas in this embodiment include:

[0066] Step S1. Control the resonant circuit 1 installed in each intelligent miniature circuit device on each branch line of the transformer area to generate the specified resonant current respectively;

[0067] Step S2. When the current is transmitted through each intelligent miniature circuit breaker on each branch line within the transformer area, the current fingerprint signal corresponding to the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker is generated based on the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit 1 in the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker and the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker, and then transmitted on each branch line according to the line topology.

[0068] Step S3. Receive and decode the current fingerprint signal generated by the intelligent micro-circuit device at the transmission end or a specified location, and obtain the physical topology of the transformer area based on the address encoding obtained from the decoding.

[0069] In this embodiment, step S2 includes:

[0070] Step S201. Obtain the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker and encode it with the address code obtained from the previous intelligent miniature circuit breaker to form the address code of the current intelligent miniature circuit breaker;

[0071] Step S202. Load the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device onto the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit 1 in the current intelligent micro-break device to generate the corresponding current fingerprint signal.

[0072] In step S201 of this embodiment, the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device and the address code obtained from the previous level intelligent micro-break device are sequentially encoded according to the hierarchy, so that the address codes are sequentially encoded according to the hierarchy of the address codes of each intelligent micro-break device along the path. After decoding the address code, the hierarchical relationship of each intelligent micro-break device can be quickly obtained.

[0073] In this embodiment, step S1 further includes sensing the operating parameters and status information of each device in the distribution area, and controlling each resonant circuit 1 to generate resonant current based on the sensed information.

[0074] The low-voltage distribution area intelligent monitoring method in this embodiment is consistent with the principle of the low-voltage distribution area intelligent monitoring system described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system, characterized in that, The system comprises a transformer area topology monitoring and identifying subsystem, which comprises: a resonance circuit (1) arranged in each intelligent micro-break device on each branch line of the transformer area, for generating a specified resonance current; a current fingerprint signal generation module (2) for generating a current fingerprint signal corresponding to the current intelligent micro-break device according to the resonance current generated by the resonance circuit (1) in the current intelligent micro-break device and the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device, and transmitting the current fingerprint signal on each branch line according to the line topology structure, wherein the address code is a code with a unique corresponding relationship pre-configured according to the position of the intelligent micro-break device; a transformer area topology identifying module (3) for receiving and decoding the current fingerprint signal, and obtaining the physical topology structure of the transformer area according to the decoded address code. The current fingerprint signal generation module (2) comprises: an address code unit (21) for obtaining the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device and encoding the address code obtained by the previous-level intelligent micro-break device to form the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device; a fingerprint signal generation unit (22) for loading the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device on the resonance current generated by the resonance circuit (1) in the current intelligent micro-break device to generate the corresponding current fingerprint signal.

2. The low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonance circuit (1) is an LC resonance circuit.

3. The low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the address code unit (21), the address code of the current intelligent micro-break device and the address code obtained by the previous-level intelligent micro-break device are sequentially encoded according to the level.

4. The low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer area topology identifying module (3) comprises: a decoding unit (31) for receiving and decoding the current fingerprint signal generated by the intelligent micro-break device at the transmission end or a specified position to obtain the address code; a topology acquisition unit (32) for acquiring the topology position of the current intelligent micro-break device according to the address code.

5. The low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The system further comprises an intelligent sensing system, which comprises any one or more of a fusion terminal, an intelligent transformer area master switch, an anti-electricity-stealing monitoring terminal, a three-phase intelligent molded case circuit breaker, an intelligent phase-change switch, an intelligent circuit breaker, an intelligent Internet of Things meter, and an environmental sensing sensor, wherein the fusion terminal is used to sense the operating parameters and state information of the key nodes of the transformer area, and the environmental sensing sensor comprises any one or more of a temperature and humidity sensor, a drop-out insurance state sensor, a smoke sensor, a water immersion sensor, and a transformer pole head temperature sensor.

6. The low-voltage district intelligent monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intelligent sensing system is connected with the resonance circuit (1) in the transformer area topology monitoring and identifying subsystem to control the resonance circuit (1) to generate a resonance current according to the information sensed by the intelligent sensing system.

7. A low-voltage area intelligent monitoring method, characterized in that the steps of The method comprises: Step S1. Controlling the resonance circuit (1) arranged in each intelligent micro-break device on each branch line of the transformer area to generate a specified resonance current, respectively; Step S2. When the current is transmitted through each smart micro-break device on each branch line in the transformer area, according to the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit (1) in the current smart micro-break device and the address code of the current smart micro-break device, the current fingerprint signal corresponding to the current smart micro-break device is generated and transmitted on each branch line according to the line topology structure. The address code is a code with unique corresponding relationship pre-configured according to the position of the smart micro-break device; Step S3. The current fingerprint signal generated by the smart micro-break device at the receiving end or the specified position is decoded, and the transformer area physical topology structure is obtained according to the decoded address code; The step S2 comprises: Step S201. Obtain the address code of the current smart micro-break device and the address code obtained by the previous level smart micro-break device to form the address code of the current smart micro-break device; Step S202. Load the address code of the current smart micro-break device on the resonant current generated by the resonant circuit (1) in the current smart micro-break device to generate the corresponding current fingerprint signal.

8. The low-voltage transformer area intelligent monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step S1 further comprises sensing the operating parameters and state information of each device in the transformer area, and controlling the resonant circuit (1) to generate the resonant current according to the sensed information.

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