Synchronous machines and systems

Abstract

The present invention discloses a synchronous machine and a synchronous system. The synchronous machine includes: a power distribution module and a shaping module connected to each other, wherein the power distribution module is used to distribute power of the original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine to form M intermediate calibration signals; and the shaping module is used to shape the M intermediate calibration signals respectively to form M target calibration signals, wherein the edge rate of each target calibration signal is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal. The synchronous machine has the following technical effects: on the one hand, because the shaping module has the characteristic of unidirectional transmission, the synchronous machine target calibration signal output provided by this embodiment has a large degree of isolation; on the other hand, the edge rate of the target calibration signal generated by the shaping module is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal, which is equivalent to increasing the edge steepness of the original calibration signal, facilitating the detection of the target calibration signal by the next-level synchronous machine, reducing detection errors, and improving the stability of the synchronous machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of test and measurement technology, and in particular to a synchronous machine and a synchronous system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the electronic information industry, various sectors are placing increasingly stringent demands on the test and measurement industry. Achieving synchronized output from signal sources across dozens of channels is a common requirement in numerous test and measurement applications. Examples include Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) communications in wireless communications, radar array control, and qubit control in quantum computers. In multi-channel synchronized output solutions, calibration signal consistency is a key technical factor determining synchronization performance.

[0003] Currently, a power distribution technical solution is usually adopted to distribute the power of the calibration signal into multiple groups of signal outputs, thereby solving the problem of calibration signal consistency.

[0004] However, in the above solution, the isolation between the ports of the synchronizer is limited, resulting in that any two output calibration signals may affect each other. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a synchronous machine and a synchronous system to solve the technical problem of low isolation between ports of the current synchronous machine.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronous machine, comprising: a power distribution module and a shaping module connected to each other;

[0007] The power distribution module is used to distribute the power of the original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine to form M intermediate calibration signals; M is an integer greater than 1;

[0008] The shaping module is used to shape the M intermediate calibration signals respectively to form M target calibration signals; wherein the edge rate of each target calibration signal is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronous machine system, including:

[0010] a first synchronous machine and at least one second synchronous machine connected to an output terminal of the first synchronous machine; the synchronous machine is the synchronous machine as described in the first aspect;

[0011] The first synchronizer outputs M first target calibration signals, which are input into the second synchronizer. The second synchronizer is configured to output M second target calibration signals according to the input first target calibration signals. M is an integer greater than 1.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronous machine and a synchronous system. The synchronous machine includes: a power distribution module and a shaping module, interconnected with each other. The power distribution module is used to distribute power on an original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine to form M intermediate calibration signals, where M is an integer greater than 1; and the shaping module is used to shape the M intermediate calibration signals to form M target calibration signals, wherein the edge rate of each target calibration signal is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal. In this synchronous machine, a shaping module is provided after the power distribution module to shape the M intermediate calibration signals to form M target calibration signals with an edge rate greater than that of the original calibration signal. This has the following technical effects: on the one hand, due to the unidirectional transmission characteristic of the shaping module, the synchronous machine target calibration signal output isolation provided by this embodiment is relatively large; on the other hand, the edge rate of the target calibration signal generated by the shaping module is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal, which is equivalent to increasing the edge steepness of the original calibration signal, facilitating detection of the target calibration signal by the next-stage synchronous machine, reducing detection error, and improving the stability of the synchronous machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a current synchronous machine system;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a current synchronous machine;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a synchronous machine provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a synchronous machine provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a synchronous machine provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a synchronous machine provided by yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a synchronous machine system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a synchronous machine system provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a synchronous machine system provided by yet another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0023] With the rapid development of the electronic information industry, various sectors are placing increasingly stringent demands on the test and measurement industry. A common requirement in numerous test and measurement applications is achieving synchronized output from signal sources with up to hundreds of channels. Current solutions for achieving synchronized output from multiple signal source devices suffer from insufficient channels and varying skew and delay between channels, resulting in poor synchronization performance. To address this, a solution has been proposed for achieving synchronized output from multiple signal source channels through cascading synchronizers. This approach achieves synchronized output from more channels with minimal delay variation. The following details the synchronized output solution for cascading synchronizers.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a current synchronous machine system. Figure 1 As shown, a solution for cascading synchronous machines is provided: a master synchronous machine 11 is connected to slave synchronous machines 12, 13, ..., and 14 respectively; each slave synchronous machine is connected to at least one signal source device or a synchronous machine at the next level of the slave synchronous machine. The number of slave synchronous machines connected to the master synchronous machine 11 is less than or equal to N. N is an integer greater than 1. For example, Figure 1 In the system shown, seven signal source devices 15 are connected to the slave sync machine 12. It is understood that in this example, N ≥ 7. Seven signal source devices 15 are connected to the slave sync machine 13, and seven signal source devices 15 are also connected to the slave sync machine 14. For ease of description, the same reference numeral 15 is used to represent the signal source device. It is understood that the type and parameters of each signal source device 15 may be different. It should be noted that Figure 1 The number of signal source devices connected to each slave synchronous machine is only an example. In actual applications, the number of signal source devices connected to each slave synchronous machine or the number of next-level synchronous machines connected to the slave synchronous machine can be determined according to the size of N and actual needs.

[0025] In the synchronous machine system, the master synchronous machine 11 fans out the original sampling clock into multiple sampling clocks through the sampling clock fan-out module, and inputs the multiple sampling clocks into each slave synchronous machine respectively.

[0026] The master synchronous machine 11 generates multiple control signals from the original control signal through the control signal distribution module, and inputs them into each slave synchronous machine. Each slave synchronous machine generates the next level control signal based on the control signal.

[0027] Based on the original calibration signal, master synchronizer 11 generates N calibration signals: calibration signal 1, calibration signal 2, ..., calibration signal N-1, and calibration signal N. Calibration signal 1 is input to slave synchronizer 12, which generates N next-level calibration signals based on calibration signal 1: next-level calibration signal 1, next-level calibration signal 2, ..., next-level calibration signal N-1, and next-level calibration signal N. Calibration signal 2 is input to slave synchronizer 13, which generates N next-level calibration signals based on calibration signal 2. Calibration signal N-1 is input to slave synchronizer 14, which generates N next-level calibration signals based on calibration signal N-1. The next-level calibration signals generated by the slave synchronizer can be input to a signal source device or a next-level synchronizer of the slave synchronizer. The calibration signals here (including the original calibration signal, calibration signals 1 to N, and the next-level calibration signal) are used to determine whether the overall delay deviation of the synchronizer system is less than a preset delay deviation threshold. Each component in the system undergoes synchronization calibration based on the input calibration signal. After calibration, if each synchronized output channel meets the delay deviation threshold, it can begin synchronously outputting the preset waveform signal. In this process, the consistency of the calibration signal is key to determining synchronization performance. Currently, power allocation technology is commonly used to distribute the power of the original calibration signal into multiple sets of calibration signal outputs, thereby addressing the calibration signal consistency issue.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a current synchronous machine. Figure 2 As shown, the current synchronous machine includes a first power distribution circuit 21, a pre-amplifier circuit 22, and a second power distribution circuit 23. Each of the first power distribution circuit 21 and the second power distribution circuit 23 includes at least one power divider. An original calibration signal is input to the input of the first power distribution circuit 21. After power distribution by the first power distribution circuit 21, amplification by the pre-amplifier circuit 22, and power distribution by the second power distribution circuit 23, a multi-channel calibration signal is generated and output from the output of the second power distribution circuit 23.

[0029] However, when current synchronous machines use power-splitting technology to generate multiple calibration signals, the limited isolation between ports causes any two calibration signals to influence each other, leading to inconsistencies between the multiple calibration signals and reducing the synchronization performance of the synchronous machine system. Therefore, to improve the consistency of the calibration signals and thus the synchronization performance of the synchronous machine system, it is necessary to increase the isolation between the target calibration signals in the synchronous machine.

[0030] This embodiment provides a synchronous machine, comprising: a power distribution module and a shaping module interconnected with each other, wherein the power distribution module is configured to distribute power from an original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine to form M intermediate calibration signals, where M is an integer greater than 1; and the shaping module is configured to shape each of the M intermediate calibration signals to form M target calibration signals, wherein the edge rate of each target calibration signal is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal. In this synchronous machine, a shaping module is provided after the power distribution module to shape each of the M intermediate calibration signals to form M target calibration signals having an edge rate greater than that of the original calibration signal. This provides the following technical effects: on the one hand, due to the unidirectional transmission characteristics of the shaping module, the synchronous machine target calibration signal output isolation provided by this embodiment is relatively high; on the other hand, the edge rate of the target calibration signal generated by the shaping module is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal, which is equivalent to increasing the edge steepness of the original calibration signal, facilitating detection of the target calibration signal by the next-stage synchronous machine, reducing detection error, and improving the stability of the synchronous machine.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a synchronous machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the synchronous machine provided by this embodiment includes: a power distribution module 31 and a shaping module 32 connected to each other.

[0032] The power distribution module 31 is used to distribute the power of the original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine to form M intermediate calibration signals, where M is an integer greater than 1.

[0033] The shaping module 32 is used to shape the M intermediate calibration signals respectively to form M target calibration signals, wherein the edge rate of each target calibration signal is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal.

[0034] Specifically, the power distribution module 31 is used to implement 1:Y (Y ≥ M) power distribution of the original calibration signal. In one implementation, the original calibration signal in this embodiment can be a signal output from a channel of a signal source device. The signal source device in this embodiment can be a device such as an arbitrary function generator (AFG) and an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG). In another implementation, the original calibration signal in this embodiment can be a previous-stage target calibration signal output from a previous-stage synchronizer to which the synchronizer is connected.

[0035] Optionally, the power distribution module 31 in this embodiment can be implemented by a power divider and an amplifying circuit.

[0036] The synchronous machine inputs the M intermediate calibration signals from the Y intermediate calibration signals generated by the power distribution module 31 into the shaping module. The shaping module 32 shapes each of the M intermediate calibration signals to form M target calibration signals. In this embodiment, the target calibration signals have a faster edge rate than the original calibration signals. In other words, the edges of the target calibration signals are steeper. This reduces detection errors when the next-stage synchronous machine detects the target calibration signals.

[0037] Optionally, the shaping module 32 in this embodiment may be implemented by a high-speed comparison circuit or a high-speed clock buffer.

[0038] More specifically, the shaping module 32 in this embodiment may be a square wave shaping circuit, and correspondingly, the target calibration signal may be a square wave signal.

[0039] In a synchronous machine, M target calibration signals are output based on the input original calibration signal. If some of the synchronous machine's output ports are unloaded or the impedance matching of the output ports is inconsistent, reflections from one output port can affect the output signals of other output ports. In this embodiment, a shaping module is provided in the synchronous machine. Due to the forward isolation of the shaping module 32 and the port isolation of the power distribution module 31, the synchronous machine in this embodiment has dual-port isolation. Compared with existing synchronous machines, the synchronous machine in this embodiment has greater isolation of the target calibration signal output.

[0040] This embodiment provides a synchronous machine, comprising: a power distribution module and a shaping module interconnected with each other, wherein the power distribution module is configured to distribute power from an original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine to form M intermediate calibration signals, where M is an integer greater than 1; and the shaping module is configured to shape each of the M intermediate calibration signals to form M target calibration signals, wherein the edge rate of each target calibration signal is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal. In this synchronous machine, a shaping module is provided after the power distribution module to shape each of the M intermediate calibration signals to form M target calibration signals having an edge rate greater than that of the original calibration signal. This provides the following technical effects: on the one hand, due to the unidirectional transmission characteristics of the shaping module, the synchronous machine target calibration signal output isolation provided by this embodiment is relatively high; on the other hand, the edge rate of the target calibration signal generated by the shaping module is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal, which is equivalent to increasing the edge steepness of the original calibration signal, facilitating detection of the target calibration signal by the next-stage synchronous machine, reducing detection error, and improving the stability of the synchronous machine.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a synchronous machine provided by another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Based on the embodiment shown and various optional implementation schemes, a detailed description of other modules included in the synchronous machine is given. Figure 4 As shown, in the synchronous machine provided by this embodiment, part of the target calibration signals among the output M target calibration signals are respectively input into the next-stage synchronous machine 40 connected to the synchronous machine 30 . Figure 4 In the example, the synchronous machine 30 is connected to a next-stage synchronous machine 40. Furthermore, the synchronous machine 30 further includes: a phase tuning module 34 and a feedback adjustment module 33.

[0042] The power distribution module 31 is connected to the shaping module 32 via the phase tuning module 34 .

[0043] The feedback adjustment module 33 is used to receive the sampling calibration signal fed back by the next-stage synchronizer 40. The sampling calibration signal is a next-stage target calibration signal generated by the next-stage synchronizer 40 according to the input target calibration signal.

[0044] The phase tuning module 34 is configured to perform phase adjustment on the intermediate calibration signal according to the sampled calibration signal before the intermediate calibration signal is input into the shaping module 32 .

[0045] The shaping module 32 further shapes the intermediate calibration signal after phase adjustment to update the target calibration signal.

[0046] The synchronous machine provided in this embodiment is Figure 3 Compared with the synchronous machine provided by the illustrated embodiment and various optional implementation schemes, a phase tuning module 34 and a feedback adjustment module 33 are added to realize a closed-loop design, thereby further improving the consistency of the calibration signal.

[0047] In this embodiment, some of the M target calibration signals are input into the next-stage synchronizer 40. The internal structure of the next-stage synchronizer 40 in this embodiment is similar to that of the synchronizer 30 and is not further described here. Based on the input target calibration signals, the next-stage synchronizer 40 can generate multiple next-stage target calibration signals. One of the multiple next-stage target calibration signals generated by the next-stage synchronizer 40 is fed back to the feedback adjustment module 33 of the synchronizer 30 as a sampled calibration signal.

[0048] After receiving the sampled calibration signal, the feedback adjustment module 33 sends it to the phase tuning module 34. Based on the sampled calibration signal, the phase tuning module 34 performs phase adjustment on the intermediate calibration signal before it is input to the shaping module. Correspondingly, the shaping module 32 further shapes the phase-adjusted intermediate calibration signal to update the target calibration signal, thereby adjusting the corresponding target calibration signal and further improving the consistency of the calibration signal.

[0049] The specific adjustment process of the phase tuning module 34 will be described in detail below.

[0050] The synchronous machine provided in this embodiment, by setting up a phase tuning module and a feedback adjustment module, realizes that the phase tuning module can adjust the corresponding intermediate calibration signal according to the sampling calibration signal of the next-level synchronous machine received by the feedback adjustment module, and the shaping module further shapes the intermediate calibration signal after phase adjustment to update the target calibration signal, thereby realizing a closed-loop tuning design, further reducing the error of the target calibration signal, improving the accuracy of the target calibration signal, and thereby improving the consistency of the target calibration signal.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a synchronous machine provided by another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Based on the embodiment shown and various optional solutions, other functions of the synchronous machine are described in detail. Figure 5 As shown, the synchronous machine 30 provided in this embodiment is connected to the synchronous machine 20 of the previous stage.

[0052] The synchronous machine 30 feeds back at least one target calibration signal among the M target calibration signals to the synchronous machine 20 at the previous stage as a sampling calibration signal of the synchronous machine 30 .

[0053] The internal structure of the upper-stage synchronous machine 20 in this embodiment is similar to the internal structure of the synchronous machine 30 and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] In this implementation, the original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine 30 is the previous-stage target calibration signal output from the previous-stage synchronous machine 20. The synchronous machine 30 generates M target calibration signals according to the previous-stage target calibration signal.

[0055] To further improve the consistency of the M target calibration signals output by the synchronous machine 30 with the calibration signals output by other synchronous machines at the same level (i.e., synchronous machines connected to the output of the previous-level synchronous machine 20), in this embodiment, the synchronous machine 30 feeds at least one of the M target calibration signals back to the previous-level synchronous machine 20 as its own sampled calibration signal. More specifically, the feedback adjustment module in the previous-level synchronous machine 20 receives the sampled calibration signal from the synchronous machine 30. The phase tuning module in the previous-level synchronous machine 20 adjusts the phase of the corresponding previous-level intermediate calibration signal based on the sampled calibration signal from the synchronous machine 30 before the signal is input to the shaping module of the previous-level synchronous machine 20. The shaping module of the previous-level synchronous machine 20 further shapes the phase-adjusted previous-level intermediate calibration signal to update the previous-level target calibration signal input to the synchronous machine 30.

[0056] The synchronizer provided in this embodiment uses at least one of the M target calibration signals as the sampling calibration signal of the synchronizer and feeds it back to the previous-level synchronizer, so that the previous-level synchronizer adjusts the original calibration signal input into the synchronizer according to the sampling calibration signal of the synchronizer, thereby further improving the consistency of the target calibration signal.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a synchronous machine provided by another embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 to 5 Based on the embodiment shown and various optional solutions, the specific structure of each module is described in detail. Figure 6 As shown, in the synchronous machine provided by this embodiment, the power distribution module 61 includes: a first power distribution circuit 611, a pre-amplification circuit 612 and a second power distribution circuit 613 connected in sequence.

[0058] The input end of the first power distribution circuit 611 is used to input the original calibration signal, and the first power distribution circuit 611 is used to perform power distribution on the original calibration signal.

[0059] The pre-amplifier circuit 612 is used to amplify the signal generated after the power distribution by the first power distribution circuit.

[0060] The second power distribution circuit 613 is used to perform power distribution again on the signal amplified by the pre-amplification circuit, and output M intermediate calibration signals from the output end of the second power distribution circuit 613.

[0061] Specifically, the first power distribution circuit 611 is configured to distribute the original calibration signal into a plurality of signals (assuming r signals) of equal amplitude. The first power distribution circuit 611 can be implemented using a power divider. More specifically, the first power distribution circuit 611 can be implemented using a resistive power splitter network or a microstrip power divider. For example, the first power distribution circuit 611 distributes the original calibration signal into two signals of equal amplitude.

[0062] The pre-amplifier circuit 612 can amplify the signal formed after the power distribution of the first power distribution circuit to adjust the link amplitude and ensure that the signal amplitude of the subsequent circuit is stable and reliable.

[0063] Second power distribution circuit 613 is used to further distribute power to the signal amplified by pre-amplification circuit 612. Assume that the power distribution is s-way. The number of intermediate calibration signals ultimately output by power distribution module 61 is Y = r*s. In this embodiment, M intermediate calibration signals are selected from the Y intermediate calibration signals.

[0064] The implementation of the power distribution module is simple and has high reliability, thereby reducing the cost of the synchronous machine and improving the reliability of the synchronous machine.

[0065] Optionally, in the synchronous machine provided in this embodiment, the phase tuning module 64 includes M phase tuning circuits 641. The input end of each phase tuning circuit 641 is connected to the output end corresponding to the second power distribution circuit 613 to receive the intermediate calibration signal.

[0066] Optionally, in the synchronous machine provided in this embodiment, the shaping module 62 includes M shaping circuits 621. The input end of each shaping circuit 621 is connected to the output end of the corresponding phase tuning circuit 641 to receive the intermediate calibration signal, or receive the intermediate calibration signal after phase adjustment.

[0067] Optionally, the next-stage synchronous machine corresponds one-to-one to the phase tuning circuit 641 .

[0068] In this implementation, when the next-stage synchronizer feeds back a sampling calibration signal, the corresponding phase tuning circuit 641 performs phase adjustment on the corresponding intermediate calibration signal. When the next-stage synchronizer does not feed back a sampling calibration signal, the corresponding phase tuning circuit 641 does not perform phase adjustment on the corresponding intermediate calibration signal. Therefore, in this embodiment, the input end of each shaping circuit 621 is used to receive the intermediate calibration signal (corresponding to the phase tuning circuit 641 not performing phase adjustment) or to receive the phase-adjusted intermediate calibration signal (corresponding to the phase tuning circuit 641 performing phase adjustment).

[0069] In the synchronous machine provided in this embodiment, the specific phase tuning process may be as follows: the phase tuning circuit 641 corresponding to the next-stage synchronous machine performs phase adjustment on the target intermediate calibration signal based on the sampled calibration signal fed back by the next-stage synchronous machine. The target calibration signal formed by the target intermediate calibration signal serves as the input signal to the next-stage synchronous machine. In other words, the phase tuning circuit 641 corresponding to the next-stage synchronous machine performs phase adjustment on the intermediate calibration signal corresponding to the next-stage synchronous machine based on the sampled calibration signal fed back by the next-stage synchronous machine. The target calibration signal formed by the corresponding intermediate calibration signal serves as the input signal to the next-stage synchronous machine. For convenience of description in this embodiment, the corresponding intermediate calibration signal is referred to as the target intermediate calibration signal.

[0070] More specifically, the feedback adjustment module includes: a combiner 631 and an analog-to-digital converter 632 connected to each other, and the phase tuning module 64 also includes a processor 642 .

[0071] The combiner 631 is used to selectively conduct a path between a next-stage synchronizer that needs to be synchronized and the analog-to-digital converter 632 .

[0072] The analog-to-digital converter 632 is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the sampling calibration signal fed back by the next-stage synchronizer to form a converted sampling calibration signal.

[0073] The processor 642 is configured to determine an error value based on the converted sampled calibration signal, and adjust corresponding parameters of the phase tuning circuit 641 based on the error value to perform phase adjustment on the target intermediate calibration signal.

[0074] The above phase tuning method can adjust the parameters of the corresponding phase tuning circuit under the control of the processor, thereby achieving real-time adjustment of the phase of the target intermediate calibration signal, with high adjustment efficiency and reliability.

[0075] In one implementation, the phase tuning circuit 641 can be implemented by a resistor-capacitor (RC) delay circuit. The delay time is: Where "-" represents a minus sign, the resistor and capacitor are connected in series, R represents the resistance value in the circuit, C represents the capacitance value in the circuit, E represents the voltage between the series resistor and capacitor, V represents the desired voltage across the capacitors, and ln represents the natural logarithm. In this implementation, the processor 642 can adjust the capacitance value in the corresponding phase tuning circuit 641 based on the error value to achieve phase adjustment of the target intermediate calibration signal.

[0076] In another implementation, the phase tuning circuit 641 can be implemented by a delay chip. The resolution of the existing delay chip is 10 picoseconds.

[0077] In one implementation, the phase tuning circuit 641 may be implemented using a phase shifting technique to achieve phase alignment between channels.

[0078] Optionally, the tuning range of the phase tuning circuit 641 in this embodiment may be 100 picoseconds, and the tuning step, that is, the minimum unit of tuning, may be 0.5 picoseconds.

[0079] In the synchronizer provided in this embodiment, the alignment accuracy of the target calibration signal can be less than 25% of the system error. For example, for a synchronizer with a channel skew accuracy of ±10 picoseconds, the alignment accuracy of the target calibration signal can be defined as ±2.5 picoseconds.

[0080] In this embodiment, the combiner 631 can be implemented by a matrix switch, a multiplexer, a multiplexing switch, etc. The combiner 631 can also be externally mounted on the synchronizer.

[0081] Processor 642 determines an error value based on the converted sampled calibration signal using a preset algorithm. Optionally, processor 642 may further include a digital-to-analog conversion unit that controls parameter adjustment of phase tuning circuit 641 based on the error value to achieve phase adjustment of the target calibration signal, thereby adjusting the delay error between the next-stage synchronizers.

[0082] At the same time, the combiner 631 , the analog-to-digital converter 632 and the processor 642 in this embodiment can verify again whether the delay adjustment effect meets the requirements based on the sampled calibration signal.

[0083] More specifically, the shaping circuit 621 in this embodiment can be a square wave shaping circuit. Correspondingly, the target calibration signal is a square wave signal. Compared to waveforms such as sine waves, square waves are more convenient and obvious when performing phase tuning based on the sampled calibration signal (i.e., the processor 642 is more efficient and accurate when determining the error value based on the converted sampled calibration signal). At the same time, the next-level synchronizer uses edge recognition technology to identify the target calibration signal with a smaller error. Furthermore, the shaping circuit 621 can also increase the fixed amplitude of the target calibration signal, ensuring the stability of synchronizer communication.

[0084] For example, the target calibration signal output by the shaping circuit 621 in this embodiment may have a single-ended peak-to-peak amplitude of 500 millivolts, a typical rise time of 35 picoseconds, and a slew rate of 14.285 volts / nanosecond.

[0085] Errors in the target calibration signal in a synchronous machine come from two sources: 1. Random errors in the analog-to-digital converter 632; 2. Errors introduced by the amplitude consistency of the shaping circuit 621. In the synchronous machine provided in this embodiment, the shaping circuit 621 cooperates with the preceding phase tuning circuit 641 to calibrate and adjust the consistency between channels, ultimately ensuring that the inter-channel error of the target calibration signal is less than ±2.5 picoseconds.

[0086] In the synchronous machine provided in this embodiment, on the one hand, the implementation method of the power distribution module is simple and highly reliable, thereby reducing the cost of the synchronous machine and improving the reliability of the synchronous machine; on the other hand, in the closed-loop phase tuning, the parameters of the corresponding phase tuning circuit can be adjusted under the control of the processor to achieve real-time adjustment of the phase of the target intermediate calibration signal, and the adjustment efficiency and reliability are both high.

[0087] This embodiment also provides a synchronous machine system. Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a synchronous machine system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7As shown, the synchronous machine system provided in this embodiment includes: a first synchronous machine 71 and at least one second synchronous machine 72 connected to the output end of the first synchronous machine 71. The synchronous machines in this embodiment (including the first synchronous machine and the second synchronous machine) are Figures 3 to 6 Any synchronous machine in the embodiments shown.

[0088] The first synchronizer outputs M first target calibration signals. The first target calibration signals are input to the second synchronizer 72, which is configured to output M second target calibration signals based on the input first target calibration signals. M is an integer greater than 1.

[0089] It can be understood that the first target calibration signal input to the second synchronizer 72 is equivalent to the original calibration signal input to the second synchronizer 72 .

[0090] The specific implementation process and technical principles of the first synchronous machine 71 and the second synchronous machine 71 in this embodiment are similar to those in Figures 3 to 6 The implementation process and technical principles of any synchronous machine in the illustrated embodiments are the same and will not be described in detail here.

[0091] It should be noted that the first synchronous machine in this embodiment is equivalent to Figures 3 to 6 In the embodiment shown, the second synchronous machine is equivalent to Figures 3 to 6 The next stage synchronous machine in the embodiment shown.

[0092] The synchronous machine system provided by this embodiment, on the one hand, has a large output isolation of the target calibration signal because the shaping modules in the first synchronous machine and the second synchronous machine have the characteristic of unidirectional transmission. On the other hand, the edge rate of the target calibration signal generated by the shaping module is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal, which is equivalent to increasing the edge steepness of the original calibration signal, facilitating the second synchronous machine to detect the target calibration signal, reducing detection errors, and improving the stability of the synchronous machine system.

[0093] Figure 8 FIG1 is a structural diagram of a synchronous machine system provided by another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, in the synchronous machine system provided by this embodiment, the second synchronous machine uses one of the M second target calibration signals as the sampling calibration signal of the second synchronous machine and feeds it back to the first synchronous machine.

[0094] Specifically, if Figure 8As shown, the first synchronous machine includes: a power distribution module 81, a phase tuning module 84, and a shaping module 82, which are connected in sequence. Optionally, the power distribution module 81 includes: a first power distribution circuit 811, a pre-amplifier circuit 812, and a second power distribution circuit 813, which are connected in sequence. The phase tuning module 84 includes M phase tuning circuits 841. The input end of each phase tuning circuit 841 is connected to the output end corresponding to the second power distribution circuit 813 to receive the first intermediate calibration signal. The shaping module 82 includes M shaping circuits 821. The input end of each shaping circuit 821 is connected to the output end of the corresponding phase tuning circuit 841 to receive the first intermediate calibration signal, or the first intermediate calibration signal after phase adjustment. The feedback adjustment module includes: a combiner 831 and an analog-to-digital converter 832, which are connected to each other. The phase tuning module 84 also includes a processor 842.

[0095] The second synchronous machine includes: a power distribution module 91, a phase tuning module 94, and a shaping module 92, which are connected in sequence. Optionally, the power distribution module 91 includes: a first power distribution circuit 911, a pre-amplifier circuit 912, and a second power distribution circuit 913, which are connected in sequence. The phase tuning module 94 includes M phase tuning circuits 941. The input end of each phase tuning circuit 941 is connected to the output end corresponding to the second power distribution circuit 913 to receive the second intermediate calibration signal. The shaping module 92 includes M shaping circuits 921. The input end of each shaping circuit 921 is connected to the output end of the corresponding phase tuning circuit 941 to receive the second intermediate calibration signal, or the second intermediate calibration signal after phase adjustment. The feedback adjustment module includes: a combiner 931 and an analog-to-digital converter 932, which are connected to each other. The phase tuning module 94 also includes a processor 942.

[0096] In order to further improve the consistency of the calibration signal, the second synchronizer can feed back one of the M second target calibration signals as the sampling calibration signal of the second synchronizer to the first synchronizer via cables of equal length.

[0097] The first synchronous machine adjusts the phase of the first target calibration signal input to the second synchronous machine according to the sampled calibration signal fed back by the second synchronous machine, so as to improve the consistency of the calibration signal.

[0098] Optionally, the output of the second synchronous machine can be connected to a subsequent synchronous machine, thereby achieving a multi-stage cascade of synchronous machines. The second target calibration signal output by the second synchronous machine is input into the subsequent synchronous machine. The subsequent synchronous machine outputs M subsequent target calibration signals based on the input second target calibration signal.

[0099] The specific implementation process and technical principles of the first synchronous machine and the second synchronous machine in this embodiment are as follows: Figures 3 to 6 The implementation process and technical principles of any synchronous machine in the illustrated embodiments are the same and will not be described in detail here.

[0100] The synchronous machine system provided in this embodiment implements a closed-loop tuning design, further reduces the error of the target calibration signal, improves the accuracy of the target calibration signal, and further improves the consistency of the target calibration signal.

[0101] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a synchronizer system according to another embodiment of the present invention. The synchronizer system further includes a third synchronizer 73 connected to the input of the first synchronizer 71. The first synchronizer 71 feeds one of the M first target calibration signals as a sampled calibration signal of the first synchronizer 71 and feeds it back to the third synchronizer 73.

[0102] The third synchronizer 73 outputs M third target calibration signals, which are then input into the first synchronizer 71. The first synchronizer 71 outputs M first target calibration signals based on the third target calibration signals. It should be understood that the third target calibration signals herein are equivalent to the original calibration signals input into the first synchronizer 71.

[0103] It should be noted that the third synchronous machine in this embodiment is equivalent to Figures 3 to 6 The upper synchronous machine in the embodiment shown.

[0104] The specific implementation process and technical principles of the first synchronous machine 71, the second synchronous machine 72 and the third synchronous machine 73 in this embodiment are similar to those in the embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 to 6 The implementation process and technical principles of any synchronous machine in the illustrated embodiments are the same and will not be described in detail here.

[0105] The synchronizer system provided in this embodiment uses at least one of the M first target calibration signals as the sampling calibration signal of the first synchronizer and feeds it back to the third synchronizer, so that the third synchronizer adjusts the original calibration signal input into the first synchronizer according to the sampling calibration signal of the first synchronizer, thereby further improving the consistency of the target calibration signal.

[0106] Through the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented with the help of software and necessary general-purpose hardware. Of course, it can also be implemented through hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0107] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of the above-mentioned synchronous machine and synchronous machine system, the various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above-mentioned division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0108] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A synchronous machine, characterized in that: include: Interconnected power distribution modules and shaping modules; The power distribution module is used to distribute the power of the original calibration signal input to the synchronous machine to form M intermediate calibration signals; M is an integer greater than 1; The shaping module is used to shape the M intermediate calibration signals respectively to form M target calibration signals; wherein the edge rate of each target calibration signal is greater than the edge rate of the original calibration signal; Part of the target calibration signals in the M target calibration signals are respectively input into the next-stage synchronous machine connected to the synchronous machine; The synchronous machine further comprises: a phase tuning module and a feedback adjustment module; Wherein, the power distribution module is connected to the shaping module through the phase tuning module; The feedback adjustment module is used to receive the sampling calibration signal fed back by the next-stage synchronous machine, wherein the sampling calibration signal is a next-stage target calibration signal generated by the next-stage synchronous machine according to the input target calibration signal; The phase tuning module is used to adjust the phase of the intermediate calibration signal according to the sampled calibration signal before the intermediate calibration signal is input into the shaping module; The shaping module further shapes the intermediate calibration signal after phase adjustment to update the target calibration signal.

2. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that When the synchronous machine is connected to an upper-level synchronous machine, the synchronous machine feeds back at least one target calibration signal among the M target calibration signals to the upper-level synchronous machine as a sampling calibration signal of the synchronous machine.

3. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The power distribution module includes: a first power distribution circuit, a pre-amplification circuit and a second power distribution circuit connected in sequence; The input end of the first power distribution circuit is used to input the original calibration signal, and the first power distribution circuit is used to perform power distribution on the original calibration signal; The pre-amplifier circuit is used to amplify the signal formed after the power distribution of the first power distribution circuit; The second power distribution circuit is used to perform power distribution again on the signal amplified by the pre-amplification circuit, and output M channels of the intermediate calibration signals from the output end of the second power distribution circuit.

4. The synchronous machine according to claim 3, characterized in that The phase tuning module includes M phase tuning circuits; The input end of each phase tuning circuit is connected to the corresponding output end of the second power distribution circuit to receive the intermediate calibration signal.

5. The synchronous machine according to claim 4, characterized in that The shaping module includes M shaping circuits; The input end of each shaping circuit is connected to the output end of the corresponding phase tuning circuit to receive the intermediate calibration signal, or to receive the intermediate calibration signal after phase adjustment.

6. The synchronous machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The next-stage synchronous machine corresponds to the phase tuning circuit in a one-to-one manner; The phase tuning circuit corresponding to the next-stage synchronous machine adjusts the phase of the target intermediate calibration signal according to the sampling calibration signal fed back by the next-stage synchronous machine. The target calibration signal corresponding to the target intermediate calibration signal is the signal input to the next-stage synchronous machine.

7. The synchronous machine according to claim 6, characterized in that The feedback adjustment module includes: a combiner and an analog-to-digital converter connected to each other, and the phase tuning module also includes a processor; The combiner is used to selectively conduct a path between a next-stage synchronizer that needs to be synchronized and the analog-to-digital converter; The analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the sampling calibration signal fed back by the next-stage synchronizer to form a converted sampling calibration signal; The processor is configured to determine an error value according to the converted sampled calibration signal, and adjust parameters of a corresponding phase tuning circuit according to the error value to perform phase adjustment on the target intermediate calibration signal.

8. The synchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shaping module is a square wave shaping circuit, and the target calibration signal is a square wave signal.

9. A synchronization system, characterized in that: include: a first synchronous machine and at least one second synchronous machine connected to an output terminal of the first synchronous machine; the synchronous machine is a synchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The first synchronizer outputs M first target calibration signals, which are input into the second synchronizer. The second synchronizer is configured to output M second target calibration signals according to the input first target calibration signals. M is an integer greater than 1.

10. The synchronization system according to claim 9, characterized in that The second synchronizer uses one of the M second target calibration signals as a sampling calibration signal of the second synchronizer and feeds the signal back to the first synchronizer.

11. The synchronization system according to claim 9, characterized in that The synchronization system further includes a third synchronizer connected to an input end of the first synchronizer; the first synchronizer feeds one of the M first target calibration signals as a sampling calibration signal of the first synchronizer and feeds it back to the third synchronizer.

Images