Cross Cylinder

Abstract

The present invention provides a cross cylinder, which belongs to the field of power equipment, and solves the problem that the current cylinder will cause vibration and loss of part of the energy when the engine is started. By setting a cross-shaped cylinder shell and installing four pistons in the cross-shaped cavity, when the cylinder is running, each of its pistons has another piston that moves relative to it, so there will be no force that causes the cylinder body to be displaced in any direction, thereby significantly reducing the vibration generated when the engine is working and reducing energy loss. Secondly, the strong pressure of the cylinder gas expansion is borne by the four pistons respectively, and acts on the four points of the flywheel to rotate the flywheel, which can maximize the air-fuel ratio in the cylinder, greatly reduce the wear of mechanical transmission parts, and extend the working life of the cylinder. In addition, each cylinder is independent, and several cylinders can be combined arbitrarily according to the power requirements to work together.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power equipment, and in particular to an internal combustion engine with one cylinder and multiple pistons, which can be combined into engines with different numbers of cylinders according to different power requirements. The present invention is now described using a cross-shaped cylinder as a model. Background Art

[0002] The cylinders in traditional engines are basically one cylinder body with one piston. When the motor vehicle starts running, the movement of the piston will cause the engine to be subjected to a reaction force, which is the main source of vibration when the traditional engine is working and an important part of energy loss. In addition, the strong pressure of the cylinder gas expansion is borne by one piston to withstand the pressure of the combustion gas output in the cylinder, which has certain restrictions on the compression ratio and limits the design of higher compression ratio.

[0003] Secondly, the current structure is one cylinder with one piston, and an engine often includes multiple sets of such structures. When a piston in a set of structures fails, the engine needs to be disassembled as a whole for repair and reassembly, which is very inconvenient.

[0004] In addition, traditional engines use timing belts for timing adjustment. During the use of the engine, timing adjustment needs to be performed regularly due to belt wear, which is not only costly but also time-consuming. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems that the current cylinder causes vibration and loss of some energy when the engine is started, is inconvenient to repair and disassemble, and has high timing adjustment cost and is relatively time-consuming, the present invention provides a cross cylinder.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A cross cylinder comprises a cross-shaped cylinder shell, a cross-shaped cavity is arranged in the cylinder shell, four pistons are installed in the cross-shaped cavity, inlet and outlet ports and spark plug jacks are arranged in the middle of two sides of the cylinder shell, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are arranged opposite to each other on the cylinder shell, a liquid cavity is arranged inside the cylinder shell, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are both connected to the liquid cavity;

[0008] The four cylinder ports of the cross-shaped cavity are each provided with a cylinder flywheel fixing frame, and a first piston pin hole is provided on the cylinder port at a position connected to the cylinder flywheel fixing frame. The cylinder flywheel fixing frame comprises a cylinder flywheel bracket ring, and the cylinder flywheel bracket ring is sleeved on the cylinder port. Both sides of the cylinder flywheel bracket ring are respectively connected to the bottom end of a roller connecting member, and a roller is connected to the inner side of the top of the roller connecting member. The two rollers are clamped on the outer side of the flywheel bracket roller track on the flywheel, and second piston pin holes are provided on both sides of the cylinder flywheel bracket ring, and the second piston pin holes are located below the roller connecting member. The inner edge of the flywheel is a four-leaf clover-shaped piston track, and elliptical intake and exhaust control tracks and injection ignition control tracks are respectively fixed on both sides of the flywheel, and an intake and exhaust assembly and an injection ignition assembly are installed on both sides of the cylinder shell, and the intake and exhaust assembly and the injection ignition assembly are clamped with the intake and exhaust control track and the injection ignition control track respectively;

[0009] Each piston includes a piston body, one end of the piston body is connected to a triangular connector, the top of the triangular connector is connected to a piston track roller, the piston track roller is stuck in the piston track, an arc-shaped combustion chamber piston cavity is provided at the bottom of the piston body, a piston pin sliding groove is provided on the piston body and the triangular connector, and piston pins are inserted into the first piston pin hole, the second piston pin hole and the piston pin sliding groove.

[0010] Optionally, the air intake and exhaust assembly includes an air intake and exhaust control rod and an air intake and exhaust pipe;

[0011] The track end of the intake and exhaust control rod is connected with a first flywheel track clamp shaft, the first flywheel track clamp shaft is connected with a first track clamp, the first track clamp is clamped on the intake and exhaust control track, the cylinder end of the intake and exhaust control rod is installed with a valve valve opening and closing control component, the valve valve opening and closing control component and the cylinder end of the intake and exhaust control rod are continuously provided with a stepped valve valve opening and closing control groove, the middle part of the valve valve opening and closing control component is slidably connected with a first fixed groove, two arc-shaped first cylinder connecting shafts are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the intake and exhaust ports of the cylinder housing, and the first fixed groove is fixed to the two first cylinder connecting shafts. The valve opening and closing control member is located between the connecting shafts and on one side of the inlet and outlet ports, the valve opening and closing control member can slide in the gap in the middle of the first fixed groove, a long hole is provided on the top of the valve opening and closing control member, a valve opening and closing control block is inserted into the long hole, a valve opening and closing control cross bar is connected to the valve opening and closing control block, the valve opening and closing control cross bar can move in the valve opening and closing control groove, the valve opening and closing control block is connected to one end of the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod, the other end of the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod is inserted into the cylinder housing from the inlet and outlet ports, and the other end of the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod is connected to the valve valve;

[0012] The intake and exhaust pipes are installed in the gap in the middle of the two arc-shaped first cylinder connecting shafts. A cylinder intake and exhaust connecting port is provided at the bottom of one side of the intake and exhaust pipe, and the cylinder intake and exhaust connecting port is placed above the intake and exhaust port. A valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole is also provided on one side of the intake and exhaust pipe, and the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod is passed through the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole.

[0013] Optionally, the interior of the intake and exhaust pipe is a hollow structure, and an intake channel and an exhaust channel are provided on the side of the intake and exhaust pipe away from the through hole of the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod, an exhaust port baffle is provided on one side of the interior of the intake and exhaust pipe, and the exhaust port baffle is hinged to the one side of the interior of the intake and exhaust pipe, an intake port baffle hinge is provided in the middle of the intake and exhaust pipe, an intake port baffle hinge is hinged in the intake baffle hinge, the intake port baffle can contact the other side of the interior of the intake and exhaust pipe, and the exhaust port baffle can contact the intake baffle hinge.

[0014] Optionally, the fuel injection ignition assembly includes a fuel injection ignition control rod and a fuel injection spark plug;

[0015] The track end of the fuel injection and ignition control rod is connected to a second flywheel track clamp shaft, the second flywheel track clamp shaft is connected to a second track clamp, the second track clamp is clamped into the fuel injection and ignition control track, the cylinder end of the fuel injection and ignition control rod is connected to a sliding sleeve support frame, the sliding sleeve support frame is slidably connected with a fuel injection spring piece pressing sliding sleeve, a spring piece pressing block is provided in the middle of a side of the fuel injection spring piece pressing sliding sleeve away from the cylinder end of the fuel injection and ignition control rod, the fuel injection and ignition control rod is connected to the fixed end of the fuel injection spring piece near its cylinder end, and the spring-up end of the fuel injection spring piece is connected from The fuel injection spring piece extends out from an opening on one side of the spring piece pressing block on the pressing sleeve, an ignition switch control protrusion is connected to a position on the sliding sleeve support frame close to the opening on the other side of the spring piece pressing block on the pressing sleeve of the fuel injection spring piece, a second fixed groove is slidably connected in the middle of the fuel injection ignition control rod, two arc-shaped second cylinder connecting shafts are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the spark plug socket of the cylinder housing, the second fixed groove is fixed between the two second cylinder connecting shafts and is located on one side of the spark plug socket, and the fuel injection ignition control rod can slide in the gap in the middle of the second fixed groove;

[0016] The fuel injection spark plug comprises a spark plug body, a fuel injection hole is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the spark plug body, a positive electrode hole and a negative electrode hole are arranged on both sides of the fuel injection hole, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are respectively installed in the positive electrode hole and the negative electrode hole, the positive electrode is composed of an upper positive electrode and a lower positive electrode, there is a partition between the upper positive electrode and the lower positive electrode, an ignition space is formed between the bottom end of the lower positive electrode and the bottom end of the negative electrode, mounting grooves of a sliding sleeve support frame are arranged on both sides of the top of the spark plug body, the spark plug body is clamped with the sliding sleeve support frame through the mounting grooves of the sliding sleeve support frame, a fuel injection switch is arranged in the middle of the top of the spark plug body, which is in A groove is provided on the spark plug body between the mounting grooves of the two sliding sleeve support frames on the plane where the fuel injection switch is located, and the fuel injection switch can slide in the groove. A switch hole is provided on one side of the fuel injection switch, and an injection switch shrapnel is connected to the other side of the fuel injection switch. The fuel injection switch shrapnel is π-shaped and is located in the mounting groove of the sliding sleeve support frame. An ignition shrapnel is provided below the fuel injection switch on the spark plug body, and one end of the ignition shrapnel close to the negative electrode hole is hinged to the spark plug body, and a metal contact is connected to the side of the ignition shrapnel close to the positive electrode hole, and the metal contact can be inserted into the partition between the upper positive electrode and the lower positive electrode.

[0017] Optionally, the cross cylinder also includes a cylinder connecting joint, which includes a disc and four positioning columns, which are installed in pairs on both sides of the disc. The connecting line between the two positioning columns on both sides of the disc passes through the center of the disc and has an angle, and the positioning column is used to be inserted into the first socket on the first cylinder connecting shaft or the second socket on the second cylinder connecting shaft.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] By setting a cross-shaped cylinder shell and installing four pistons in the cross-shaped cavity, when the cylinder is running, each of its pistons has another piston that moves relative to it, and the cylinder as a whole realizes self-balanced stress, so there will be no force that causes the cylinder body to be displaced in any direction, thereby significantly reducing the vibration generated when the engine is working and reducing energy loss. Since the strong pressure of the cylinder gas expansion is borne by the four pistons respectively and acts on the four points of the flywheel to rotate the flywheel, the pressure in the cylinder can be increased as much as possible, and the wear of the mechanical transmission parts can be greatly reduced, and the service life of the mechanical transmission parts can be extended. In addition, each cylinder is independent, and several cylinders can be combined arbitrarily according to the power requirements to work together, and the assembly method is flexible and changeable. In addition, the valve timing mechanism of the four strokes is controlled by the valve timing track ring fixed on the flywheel, so the engine formed by the cylinder assembly does not need to be adjusted by the timing belt, which can not only save the cost of timing adjustment, but also save the workload required for timing adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a left side view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a right side view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the cylinder housing and its surrounding components in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a front view of the connection relationship between the cylinder housing and the surrounding components in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 AA view of the .

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder housing in the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylinder flywheel fixing frame in the present invention.

[0030] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston in the present invention at a viewing angle.

[0031] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the piston in the present invention from another viewing angle.

[0032] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston track in various views of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.14 It is a three-dimensional view of the air intake and exhaust assembly of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.15 It is a front view of the air intake and exhaust assembly of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first flywheel track clamp shaft and the first track clamp in the present invention.

[0036] Fig.17 It is a front view of the connection relationship between the valve and surrounding components in the present invention.

[0037] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air intake and exhaust pipe in the present invention.

[0038] Fig.19It is a cross-sectional view of the intake and exhaust pipe in the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 20 It is a cross-sectional view of the intake and exhaust pipe in the present invention.

[0040] Fig.21 It is a front view of the fuel injection ignition assembly of the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 22 yes Fig.21 AA section view.

[0042] Fig.23 yes Fig.21 BB cross-sectional view.

[0043] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil spraying spring piece pressed into the sliding sleeve in the present invention.

[0044] Fig.25 yes Fig.21 DD, EE and FF cross-sectional views.

[0045] Fig.26 It is a fuel injection spark plug and its AA cross-sectional view in the present invention.

[0046] Fig. 27 It is a fuel injection spark plug and a BB cross-sectional view thereof in the present invention.

[0047] Fig.28 It is a fuel injection spark plug and CC cross-sectional view thereof in the present invention.

[0048] Fig.29 It is a fuel injection spark plug and its AA, BB, CC and DD cross-sectional views in the present invention.

[0049] Fig.30 It is a stereoscopic view and a front view of the cylinder connecting joint in the present invention.

[0050] Fig.31 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a scenario.

[0051] Fig.32 yes Fig.30 Schematic diagram of the process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, the cross cylinder in this embodiment includes a cross-shaped cylinder housing 1, a cross-shaped cavity is provided in the cylinder housing 1, four pistons 2 are installed in the cross-shaped cavity, and intake and exhaust ports 1-1 and spark plug sockets 1-2 are respectively provided in the middle of both sides of the cylinder housing 1, and a liquid inlet 1-3 and a liquid outlet 1-4 are relatively provided on the cylinder housing 1. A liquid cavity 1-5 is provided on the inner side of the cylinder housing 1, and the liquid inlet 1-3 and the liquid outlet 1-4 are both connected to the liquid cavity 1-5; the liquid cavity 1-5 is filled with antifreeze liquid for cooling the cylinder. When installed, the lower port is the antifreeze liquid inlet and the upper port is the antifreeze liquid outlet.

[0054] A cylinder flywheel fixing frame 3 is sleeved on each of the four cylinder ports 1-6 of the cross-shaped cavity, and a first piston pin hole 1-7 is arranged on the cylinder port 1-6 at a position connected to the cylinder flywheel fixing frame 3. The cylinder flywheel fixing frame 3 includes a cylinder flywheel bracket ring 3-1, and the cylinder flywheel bracket ring 3-1 is sleeved on the cylinder port 1-6. The two sides of the cylinder flywheel bracket ring 3-1 are respectively connected to the bottom end of a roller connecting member 3-2, and the inner side of the top of the roller connecting member 3-2 is connected to a roller 3-3, and the two rollers 3-3 are clamped on the flywheel frame roller track 4 on the flywheel 4. -1 outer side, the cylinder flywheel bracket ring 3-1 is provided with a second piston pin hole 3-4 on both sides and the second piston pin hole 3-4 is located below the roller connector 3-2, the inner edge of the flywheel 4 is a four-leaf clover-shaped piston track 4-2, the two sides of the flywheel 4 are respectively fixed with an elliptical intake and exhaust control track 4-3 and an injection ignition control track 4-4, the two sides of the cylinder housing 1 are installed with an intake and exhaust assembly 5 and an injection ignition assembly 6, the intake and exhaust assembly 5 and the injection ignition assembly 6 are respectively connected with the intake and exhaust control track 4-3 and the injection ignition control track 4-4;

[0055] Each piston 2 includes a piston body 2-1, one end of the piston body 2-1 is connected to a triangular connector 2-2, the top of the triangular connector 2-2 is connected to a piston track roller 2-3, the piston track roller 2-3 is stuck in the piston track 4-2, the bottom of the piston body 2-1 is provided with an arc-shaped combustion chamber piston cavity 2-4, the piston body 2-1 and the triangular connector 2-2 are provided with a piston pin sliding groove 2-5, and a piston pin 2-6 is inserted into the first piston pin hole 1-7, the second piston pin hole 3-4 and the piston pin sliding groove 2-5. When the power stroke starts, the four piston bodies 2-1 are in a compressed state, and at this time, the four combustion chamber piston cavities 2-4 constitute a cylindrical combustion chamber during ignition.

[0056] Among them, Fig.13It can be seen from the structure of the piston track in various views that the piston track 4-2 is a curved pulley cavity with four sides that are alternately connected and gradually open and close, and the piston track roller 2-3 is installed in this pulley cavity. During the power stroke, the expanding gas pushes the piston body 2-1 to move outward, and the outward movement of the piston body 2-1 drives the piston track roller 2-3 to move outward. The piston track roller 2-3 rolls with the involute surface of the piston track 4-2, and the component force generated by the inclination angle drives the flywheel 4 to rotate. During the exhaust stroke, the flywheel 4 rotates, driving the asymptotic surface of the piston track 4-2 to continuously press the piston track roller 2-3 to squeeze the piston body 2-1 inward, so as to discharge the exhaust gas. During the intake stroke, the flywheel 4 rotates, driving the two L-shaped extension surfaces of the involute surface of the piston track 4-2 to pull the piston body 2-1 outward to inhale air. During the compression stroke, the flywheel 4 rotates, driving the asymptotic surface of the piston track 4-2 to press the piston track roller 2-3 to squeeze the piston body 2-1 inward, thereby compressing the air in the cylinder.

[0057] In a traditional crankshaft-driven engine, during the reciprocating motion of the piston, since the piston connecting rod always has a certain angle with the axial direction of the cylinder except for the upper and lower dead points, the component force that causes it to move will generate stress friction on one side of the cylinder wall. Long-term high-intensity reciprocating motion of the piston and frequent cold starts with poor lubrication will cause wear to the cylinder wall and the piston body. The use of the piston pin 2-6 in the present invention can limit the movement of the piston 2 only in the axial direction, and the radial component force is borne by the piston pin 2-6. In theory, no stress friction is generated between the piston 2 and the cylinder wall, which can effectively avoid wear between the cylinder wall and the piston 2.

[0058] Alternatively, if Figures 14 to 19As shown, the intake and exhaust assembly 5 includes an intake and exhaust control rod 5-1 and an intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2; the track end of the intake and exhaust control rod 5-1 is connected to a first flywheel track clamp shaft 5-3, the first flywheel track clamp shaft 5-3 is connected to a first track clamp 5-4, the first track clamp 5-4 is clamped on the intake and exhaust control track 4-3, the cylinder end of the intake and exhaust control rod 5-1 is welded with a valve opening and closing control component 5-5, the valve opening and closing control component 5-5 and the cylinder end of the intake and exhaust control rod 5-1 A stepped valve opening and closing control groove 5-6 is continuously provided, and a first fixed groove 5-7 is slidably connected in the middle of the valve opening and closing control member 5-5. Two arc-shaped first cylinder connecting shafts 5-8 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the inlet and outlet ports 1-1 of the cylinder housing 1. The first fixed groove 5-7 is fixed between the two first cylinder connecting shafts 5-8 and is located on one side of the inlet and outlet ports 1-1. The valve opening and closing control member 5-5 can slide in the gap in the middle of the first fixed groove 5-7. A long hole 5-9 is provided on the top, a valve opening and closing control block 5-10 is inserted into the long hole 5-9, a valve opening and closing control cross bar 5-11 is connected to the valve opening and closing control block 5-10, the valve opening and closing control cross bar 5-11 can move in the valve opening and closing control groove 5-6, the valve opening and closing control block 5-10 is connected to one end of the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod 5-12, the other end of the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod 5-12 is inserted into the cylinder housing 1 from the intake and exhaust port 1-1 and the valve opening and closing control The other end of the control longitudinal rod 5-12 is connected to a gate valve 5-13; the air intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2 is installed in the gap in the middle of the two arc-shaped first cylinder connecting shafts 5-8, and a cylinder air intake and exhaust connecting port 5-14 is provided at the bottom of one side of the air intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2, and the cylinder air intake and exhaust connecting port 5-14 is placed above the air intake and exhaust port 1-1, and a valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole 5-15 is also provided on one side of the air intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2, and the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod 5-12 is inserted into the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole 5-15.

[0059] When the flywheel 4 rotates, the intake and exhaust control track 4-3 rotates with the flywheel 4, and the first track card 5-4 causes the intake and exhaust control rod 5-1 to reciprocate as the length and short radius of the ellipse of the intake and exhaust control track 4-3 changes, thereby causing the valve valve opening and closing control cross rod 5-11 to move in the valve valve opening and closing control groove 5-6 to control the opening and closing state of the valve valve 5-13.

[0060] Alternatively, if Fig. 20As shown, the interior of the intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2 is a hollow structure, and an intake channel 5-19 and an exhaust channel 5-20 are provided on the side of the intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2 away from the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole 5-15, and an exhaust port baffle 5-16 is provided on one side of the interior of the intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2, and the exhaust port baffle 5-16 is hinged to one side of the interior of the intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2, and an intake port baffle hinge 5-17 is provided in the middle of the intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2, and an intake port baffle 5-18 is hinged in the intake port baffle hinge 5-17, and the intake port baffle 5-18 can contact with the other side of the interior of the intake and exhaust cylinder 5-2, and the exhaust port baffle 5-16 can contact with the intake port baffle hinge 5-17.

[0061] Wherein, during exhaust, the exhaust port baffle 5-16 is opened by the high pressure gas in the cylinder, and the air inlet baffle 5-18 is closed due to the pressure difference. When the exhaust gas in the cylinder is exhausted and begins to inhale, the exhaust port baffle 5-16 is closed and the air inlet baffle 5-18 is opened.

[0062] Alternatively, if Figure 21 to Figure 29As shown, the fuel injection ignition assembly 6 includes a fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 and a fuel injection spark plug 6-2; the track end of the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 is connected to a second flywheel track clamp shaft 6-3, the second flywheel track clamp shaft 6-3 is connected to a second track clamp 6-4, the second track clamp 6-4 is clamped into the fuel injection ignition control track 4-4, the cylinder end of the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 is connected to a sleeve support frame 6-5, the sleeve support frame 6-5 is slidably connected to a fuel injection spring piece pressing sleeve 6-6, the fuel injection spring piece pressing sleeve 6-6 is provided with a spring piece pressing block 6-7 in the middle of one side away from the cylinder end of the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1, the position of the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 close to its cylinder end is fixed with the fuel injection spring piece 6-8 The end is connected, the pop-up end of the fuel injection spring piece 6-8 extends out from the opening on one side of the spring piece pressing block 6-7 on the fuel injection spring piece pressing sleeve 6-6, and the position on the sleeve support frame 6-5 close to the opening on the other side of the spring piece pressing block 6-7 on the fuel injection spring piece pressing sleeve 6-6 is connected to the ignition switch control protrusion 6-9, and the middle part of the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 is slidably connected with a second fixed groove 6-10, and two arc-shaped second cylinder connecting shafts 6-11 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the spark plug socket 1-2 of the cylinder housing 1, and the second fixed groove 6-10 is fixed between the two second cylinder connecting shafts 6-11 and is located on one side of the spark plug socket 1-2, and the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 can slide in the gap in the middle of the second fixed groove 6-10;The fuel injection spark plug 6-2 includes a spark plug body 6-12, a fuel injection hole 6-13 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the spark plug body 6-12, a positive electrode hole 6-14 and a negative electrode hole 6-15 are provided on both sides of the fuel injection hole 6-13, a positive electrode and a negative electrode 6-16 are installed in the positive electrode hole 6-14 and the negative electrode hole 6-15, respectively, the positive electrode is composed of an upper positive electrode 6-17 and a lower positive electrode 6-18, there is a partition between the upper positive electrode 6-17 and the lower positive electrode 6-18, an ignition space is formed between the bottom end of the lower positive electrode 6-18 and the bottom end of the negative electrode 6-16, mounting grooves 6-19 of the sliding sleeve support frame are provided on both sides of the top of the spark plug body 6-12, the spark plug body 6-12 is clamped with the sliding sleeve support frame 6-5 through the mounting grooves 6-19 of the sliding sleeve support frame, and a fuel injection switch 6-20 is provided in the middle of the top of the spark plug body 6-12, which is in the injection state. The spark plug body 6-12 between the mounting grooves 6-19 of the two sliding sleeve support frames on the plane where the oil switch 6-20 is located is provided with a groove, and the fuel injection switch 6-20 can slide in the groove. A switch hole 6-21 is provided on one side of the fuel injection switch 6-20, and a fuel injection switch shrapnel 6-24 is connected to the other side of the fuel injection switch 6-20. The fuel injection switch shrapnel 6-24 is π-shaped and is located in the mounting groove 6-19 of the sliding sleeve support frame. An ignition shrapnel 6-22 is provided below the fuel injection switch 6-20 on the spark plug body 6-12. One end of the ignition shrapnel 6-22 near the negative electrode hole 6-15 is hinged to the spark plug body 6-12. A metal contact 6-23 is connected to the side of the ignition shrapnel 6-22 near the positive electrode hole 6-14. The metal contact 6-23 can be inserted into the partition between the upper positive electrode 6-17 and the lower positive electrode 6-18. ;

[0063] Figure 21 to Figure 23The initial position of the injection ignition control rod 6-1 when the injection ignition control track 4-4 is at the short radius, and the injection ignition control rod 6-1 moves outward. Since the injection ignition control rod 6-8 is fixed on the injection ignition control rod 6-1, the injection shrapnel 6-8 also continues to move, and drives the injection shrapnel pressing sleeve 6-6 to move synchronously. After they move a certain distance, the injection shrapnel 6-8 touches the injection switch 6-20, so that the switch hole 6-21 gradually overlaps with the injection hole 6-13, and then fuel begins to be sprayed into the cross cylinder. The injection ignition control rod 6-1 continues to move and the injection continues. , until the injection spring pressing sleeve 6-6 contacts the injection spark plug 6-2, it is blocked by the injection spark plug 6-2, and the injection spring pressing sleeve 6-6 stops following the movement of the injection ignition control rod 6-1, while the injection ignition control rod 6-1 and the injection spring 6-8 continue to move, until the spring pressing block 6-7 presses down the injection spring 6-8, the switch hole 6-21 and the injection hole 6-13 are misaligned, and the injection stops. At this time, the ignition switch control protrusion 6-9 also touches and presses the ignition spring 6-22, so that the end of the ignition spring 6-22 close to the negative electrode hole 6-15 is connected to the spark plug body 6-12. At this time, the engine control module calculates the ignition advance angle according to the working conditions and ignites the timing. After ignition, the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 starts to move inward, the spring piece pressing block 6-7 continues to press the fuel injection spring piece 6-8 and moves synchronously with the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1, until the fuel injection spring piece pressing sleeve 6-6 hits the fuel injection spark plug 6-2, and then stops moving with the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1, the spring piece pressing block 6-7 no longer presses the fuel injection spring piece 6-8, and the fuel injection spring piece 6-8 gradually bounces up, and when the fuel injection ignition control track 4-4 rotates to its short radius, the fuel injection spring piece pressing sleeve 6-6 resets, the fuel injection spring piece 6-8 completely bounces up, and then the next cycle begins.

[0064] Fig.29 The AA, BB, CC and DD cross-sectional views are cross-sectional views cut at the thickness of the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1, above the fuel injection switch 6-20, at the layer where the fuel injection switch 6-20 is located, between the layer where the fuel injection switch 6-20 is located and the layer where the ignition shrapnel 6-22 is located, and at the layer where the ignition shrapnel 6-22 is located. Fig.29 As shown in the BB cross-sectional view in FIG. 1 , when the fuel injection spring 6-8 on the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 presses the fuel injection switch 6-20, the fuel injection switch spring 6-24 deforms, causing the switch hole 6-21 to gradually overlap with the fuel injection hole 6-13, thereby achieving the purpose of fuel injection. When the ignition switch control protrusion 6-9 on the fuel injection ignition control rod 6-1 presses the ignition spring 6-22, the metal contact 6-23 connects the upper positive electrode 6-17 and the lower positive electrode 6-18, and begins to stimulate electric sparks, thereby igniting the mixed gas.

[0065] Alternatively, if Fig.30As shown, the cross cylinder also includes a cylinder connection joint 7, which includes a disc 7-1 and four positioning posts 7-2. The four positioning posts 7-2 are installed on both sides of the disc 7-1 in pairs. The line between the two positioning posts 7-2 on both sides of the disc 7-1 passes through the center of the disc 7-1 and has an angle. The positioning posts 7-2 are used to be inserted into the first plug hole 5-21 on the first cylinder connecting shaft 5-8 or the second plug hole 6-25 on the second cylinder connecting shaft 6-11. The degree of the angle between the line between the two positioning posts 7-2 on both sides of the disc 7-1 is determined according to the number of cross cylinders. For example, when four cross cylinders are configured in the engine, and the intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke are completed respectively in the same time period, the angle between the line between the two positioning posts 7-2 on both sides of the disc 7-1 is 45°.

[0066] To facilitate understanding of the use of the present invention, the following uses an example of an engine with four cross cylinders to illustrate the use of the present invention. First, assemble the four cross cylinders into Fig.31 The structure shown is to connect four cross cylinders through three cylinder connecting joints 7, wherein the first cross cylinder is offset from the second cross cylinder by 45°, the third cross cylinder has the same angle as the first cross cylinder, and the fourth cross cylinder is offset from the third cross cylinder by 45°.

[0067] like Fig.32 As shown, the working process of the engine is as follows:

[0068] The working process of the intake stroke is as follows: after the exhaust stroke, the valve 5-13 is in the open state, at which time the piston track roller 2-3 has moved relatively to the involute surface of the piston track 4-2, and the rotation of the flywheel 4 causes the four piston bodies 2-1 to separate outwards, generating negative pressure in the cross cylinder and sucking air into the cross cylinder. Fig.32 In the intake stroke diagram, the dark area is the involute surface of the piston track 4-2. The flywheel 4 rotates through the involute surface of the piston track 4-2 to pull the piston body 2-1 outward, thereby inhaling air.

[0069] The working process of the compression stroke is as follows: after the intake stroke is completed, the valve 5-13 is closed, and the injection begins. At the same time, the piston track roller 2-3 has moved relatively to the asymptotic surface of the piston track 4-2, and the four piston bodies 2-1 move toward the center of the cylinder housing 1 and pressurize the air. At the end of this stroke, the injection spark plug 6-2 ignites and enters the power stroke. Fig.32 In the compression stroke, the dark area is the asymptotic surface of the piston track 4-2. At this time, the rotating flywheel 4 squeezes the piston body 2-1 through the asymptotic surface of the piston track 4-2.

[0070] The working process of the power stroke is as follows: the gas in the cross cylinder expands, pushing the four piston bodies 2-1 to move in four directions. Due to the sliding contact between the piston track roller 2-3 and the piston track 4-2, the four piston bodies 2-1 have kinetic energy to impact outward on the involute surface of the piston track 4-2, and the direction of the outward force of the piston is converted through the involute surface of the piston track 4-2 to become the rotation of the flywheel 4. Fig.32 In the power stroke, the dark area is the involute surface of the piston track 4-2, and the piston body 2-1 presses the involute surface outward. Due to the angle relationship between the movement direction of the piston body and the involute surface, the flywheel 4 rotates.

[0071] The working process of the exhaust stroke is as follows: after the power stroke, the valve 5-13 opens. Since the flywheel 4 has rotated after the power stroke, the piston track roller 2-3 has rotated to the asymptotic surface of the piston track 4-2, so the four piston bodies 2-1 will be squeezed to the center and the exhaust gas will be discharged. Fig.32 In the exhaust stroke, the dark area is the asymptotic surface of the piston track 4-2. The flywheel 4 rotates and squeezes the piston body 2-1 through the asymptotic surface, and the exhaust gas is discharged.

[0072] In the present invention, the air inlet and the exhaust port are designed to be the same port, namely the air inlet and exhaust port 1-1, so that the air inlet of the low-temperature air during the intake stroke prevents the air passage and the valve valve 5-13 from being overheated due to the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged during the exhaust stroke. During the compression stroke and the power stroke, the valve valve 5-13 is closed, and the compressed air in the air inlet passage 5-19 is continuously discharged from the exhaust passage 5-20, so that the exhaust passage 5-20°C from which the high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged is cooled.

[0073] Furthermore, when gasoline is used as fuel, the ignition point of gasoline is 427°C, so spark plug ignition is required, and 14.7:1 is the air-fuel ratio of the air-gasoline mixture. However, the engine constructed by the present invention can be designed to have an air-fuel ratio greater than this ratio, that is, "lean combustion". In the present invention, the spark plug and the fuel injector are designed together, and the spark plug ignites at the end of the direct injection in the cylinder. In this way, the air-fuel ratio of the mixed gas in the cylinder is much greater than 14.7:1, but the concentration of the mixed gas near the spark plug is less than or equal to 14.7:1, so it can be ignited normally and ignite other low-concentration mixed gases in the cylinder far away from the spark plug position; the engine control module controls the high-pressure oil pump in combination with the design of the fuel injection shrapnel 6-8 and the fuel injection hole 6-13 in this design, and the sprayed oil mist is from small to large. At the end of the compression stroke, the fuel injection amount reaches the maximum, and the mixed gas near the spark plug reaches the ignition concentration. The oil mist has been ignited before reaching the cylinder wall, so there will be no waste by forming a cylinder wall oil film. In addition, the oil mist sprayed by the high-pressure oil pump can cause the air in the cylinder to generate vortexes due to the profiled surface of the piston body in the cylinder, which helps the fuel and air to be fully mixed. Therefore, the design of the fuel injection spark plug in the present invention can improve the air-fuel ratio of the engine.

[0074] When diesel is used as fuel, due to the low ignition point of diesel, when the air compression ratio in the cylinder is designed to be above 20, the temperature of the inhaled air is low at the beginning, and the temperature rises after compression. At this time, the oil mist sprayed in the cylinder will be directly ignited by the high-temperature air, and spark plug ignition is no longer required. Therefore, when diesel is used as fuel, the compression ratio of the cylinder should be designed to be larger, and the fuel injection spark plug is only designed as a fuel injection nozzle, and no spark plug is required. The present invention can be made into a high-power engine. After the engine is made, each cross cylinder can be disassembled and assembled separately, and the entire engine will not be scrapped due to the failure of one cross cylinder, thereby reducing maintenance costs. In addition, the present invention can change the power size of the engine by arbitrarily combining the number of cylinders according to the power requirements.

[0075] This design can significantly reduce the vibration caused by the reaction force impact on the cylinder body of the existing common in-line or V-cylinder engine when one cylinder corresponds to one piston at work, and can convert the kinetic energy wasted in producing such vibration into useful work, and at the same time can distribute the impact on the crankshaft to more directions, greatly enhancing the service life of the equipment; the traditional crankshaft engine cylinder does one work, and the flywheel has to rotate two circles, while the cylinder in this design removes the crankshaft piston and directly works on the orbital flywheel, and based on the piston roller track design in this orbital flywheel, the flywheel only rotates half a circle when the cylinder does one work, and the speed is only one-fourth of that of the traditional crankshaft engine, which can greatly reduce the workload of related transmission parts.

[0076] The piston roller track in the present invention is a multi-section arc-shaped curved track, which is designed according to the gas expansion curve during combustion of fuel gas, so that the reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into the rotary motion of the flywheel.

[0077] It should be noted that, in order to clearly illustrate the structure of the cross cylinder, the above content only explains in detail the structure of the cross cylinder body. However, when the cross cylinder is used in specific applications, the necessary components such as the sealing ring, oil scraper ring and lubricating oil system required are not explained in the above content. The structure and principle of these components are the same as those of the existing cylinder, and this embodiment will not elaborate on this.

[0078] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cross cylinder, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cross-shaped cylinder housing (1), a cross-shaped cavity is provided in the cylinder housing (1), four pistons (2) are installed in the cross-shaped cavity, inlet and outlet ports (1-1) and spark plug sockets (1-2) are respectively provided at the middle of two sides of the cylinder housing (1), a liquid inlet (1-3) and a liquid outlet (1-4) are arranged opposite to each other on the cylinder housing (1), a liquid cavity (1-5) is provided inside the cylinder housing (1), and the liquid inlet (1-3) and the liquid outlet (1-4) are both in communication with the liquid cavity (1-5); A cylinder flywheel fixing frame (3) is sleeved on each of the four cylinder ports (1-6) of the cross-shaped cavity. A first piston pin hole (1-7) is provided at a position on the cylinder port (1-6) connected to the cylinder flywheel fixing frame (3). The cylinder flywheel fixing frame (3) comprises a cylinder flywheel support collar (3-1). The cylinder flywheel support collar (3-1) is sleeved on the cylinder port (1-6). Both sides of the cylinder flywheel support collar (3-1) are respectively connected to the bottom end of a roller connecting member (3-2). The inner side of the top of the roller connecting member (3-2) is connected to a roller (3-3). The two rollers (3-3) are clamped on a flywheel frame roller track (4-4) on the flywheel (4). 1) On the outside, a second piston pin hole (3-4) is provided on both sides of a cylinder flywheel support collar (3-1), and the second piston pin hole (3-4) is located below a roller connecting member (3-2); the inner edge of the flywheel (4) is a four-leaf clover-shaped piston track (4-2); an elliptical intake and exhaust control track (4-3) and an injection ignition control track (4-4) are respectively fixed on both sides of the flywheel (4); an intake and exhaust assembly (5) and an injection ignition assembly (6) are installed on both sides of the cylinder housing (1); the intake and exhaust assembly (5) and the injection ignition assembly (6) are respectively clamped with the intake and exhaust control track (4-3) and the injection ignition control track (4-4); Each piston (2) comprises a piston body (2-1), one end of the piston body (2-1) is connected to a triangular connecting piece (2-2), the top of the triangular connecting piece (2-2) is connected to a piston track roller (2-3), the piston track roller (2-3) is stuck in a piston track (4-2), the piston track (4-2) is composed of curved pulley cavities that are gradually opened and gradually approached and alternately connected on four sides, the piston track roller (2-3) is installed in the pulley cavity, an arc-shaped combustion chamber piston cavity (2-4) is provided at the bottom of the piston body (2-1), a piston pin sliding groove (2-5) is provided on the piston body (2-1) and the triangular connecting piece (2-2), and a piston pin (2-6) is inserted into the first piston pin hole (1-7), the second piston pin hole (3-4) and the piston pin sliding groove (2-5); The air intake and exhaust assembly (5) comprises an air intake and exhaust control rod (5-1) and an air intake and exhaust pipe (5-2); the track end of the air intake and exhaust control rod (5-1) is connected to a first flywheel track clamp shaft (5-3), the first flywheel track clamp shaft (5-3) is connected to a first track clamp (5-4), the first track clamp (5-4) is clamped on the air intake and exhaust control track (4-3), the cylinder end of the air intake and exhaust control rod (5-1) is equipped with a valve opening and closing control component (5-5), the valve opening and closing control component (5-5) and the cylinder end of the air intake and exhaust control rod (5-1) are connected to each other. A stepped valve opening and closing control groove (5-6) is provided, a first fixing groove (5-7) is slidably connected in the middle of the valve opening and closing control member (5-5), two arc-shaped first cylinder connecting shafts (5-8) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the intake and exhaust ports (1-1) of the cylinder housing (1), the first fixing groove (5-7) is fixed between the two first cylinder connecting shafts (5-8) and is located on one side of the intake and exhaust ports (1-1), the valve opening and closing control member (5-5) can slide in the gap in the middle of the first fixing groove (5-7), and the top of the valve opening and closing control member (5-5) is A long hole (5-9) is provided, a valve opening and closing control block (5-10) is inserted into the long hole (5-9), a valve opening and closing control cross rod (5-11) is connected to the valve opening and closing control block (5-10), the valve opening and closing control cross rod (5-11) can move in the valve opening and closing control groove (5-6), the valve opening and closing control block (5-10) is connected to one end of the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod (5-12), the other end of the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod (5-12) is inserted into the cylinder housing (1) from the intake and exhaust ports (1-1), and the valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod (5-12) is connected to the cylinder housing (1) from the intake and exhaust ports (1-1). The other end of the longitudinal rod (5-12) is connected to a valve (5-13); the intake and exhaust cylinder (5-2) is installed in the gap between the two arc-shaped first cylinder connecting shafts (5-8); a cylinder intake and exhaust connection port (5-14) is provided at the bottom of one side of the intake and exhaust cylinder (5-2); the cylinder intake and exhaust connection port (5-14) is placed above the intake and exhaust port (1-1); a valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole (5-15) is also provided on one side of the intake and exhaust cylinder (5-2); the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod (5-12) is inserted into the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole (5-15); The fuel injection ignition assembly (6) comprises a fuel injection ignition control rod (6-1) and a fuel injection spark plug (6-2); the rail end of the fuel injection ignition control rod (6-1) is connected to a second flywheel rail clamp shaft (6-3), the second flywheel rail clamp shaft (6-3) is connected to a second rail clamp (6-4), the second rail clamp (6-4) is clamped into the fuel injection ignition control rail (4-4), the cylinder end of the fuel injection ignition control rod (6-1) is connected to a sleeve support frame (6-5), a fuel injection shrapnel pressing sleeve (6-6) is slidably connected to the sleeve support frame (6-5), a shrapnel pressing block (6-7) is provided at the middle of one side of the fuel injection shrapnel pressing sleeve (6-6) away from the cylinder end of the fuel injection ignition control rod (6-1), and the fuel injection shrapnel (6-8) is fixed to the position of the fuel injection ignition control rod (6-1) close to its cylinder end. The ends of the fuel injection spring (6-8) are connected, the spring-up end of the fuel injection spring (6-8) extends out from an opening on one side of the spring pressing block (6-7) on the fuel injection spring pressing sleeve (6-6), the position on the sleeve support frame (6-5) close to the opening on the other side of the spring pressing block (6-7) on the fuel injection spring pressing sleeve (6-6) is connected to an ignition switch control protrusion (6-9), the middle of the fuel injection ignition control rod (6-1) is slidably connected to a second fixed groove (6-10), two arc-shaped second cylinder connecting shafts (6-11) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the spark plug socket (1-2) of the cylinder housing (1), the second fixed groove (6-10) is fixed between the two second cylinder connecting shafts (6-11) and is located on one side of the spark plug socket (1-2), and the fuel injection ignition control rod (6-1) can slide in the gap in the middle of the second fixed groove (6-10);The fuel injection spark plug (6-2) comprises a spark plug body (6-12), wherein a fuel injection hole (6-13) is provided in the middle of the top surface of the spark plug body (6-12), and a positive electrode hole (6-14) and a negative electrode hole (6-15) are provided on both sides of the fuel injection hole (6-13), and a positive electrode and a negative electrode (6-16) are installed in the positive electrode hole (6-14) and the negative electrode hole (6-15), respectively. The positive electrode is composed of an upper positive electrode (6-17) and a lower positive electrode (6-18), and the upper positive electrode There is a partition between the positive electrode (6-17) and the lower positive electrode (6-18), and an ignition space is formed between the bottom end of the lower positive electrode (6-18) and the bottom end of the negative electrode (6-16). The top of the spark plug body (6-12) is provided with mounting grooves (6-19) of the sliding sleeve support frame on both sides. The spark plug body (6-12) is connected to the sliding sleeve support frame (6-5) through the mounting grooves (6-19) of the sliding sleeve support frame. The top of the spark plug body (6-12) is provided with an injection switch (6-20) in the middle. A spark plug body (6-12) is provided between the mounting grooves (6-19) of the two sliding sleeve support frames on the plane where the oil switch (6-20) is located, and the fuel injection switch (6-20) can slide in the groove. A switch hole (6-21) is provided on one side of the fuel injection switch (6-20), and a fuel injection switch shrapnel (6-24) is connected to the other side of the fuel injection switch (6-20). The fuel injection switch shrapnel (6-24) is π-shaped, and the fuel injection switch shrapnel (6-24) is located in the mounting groove (6 -19), an ignition shrapnel (6-22) is provided below the fuel injection switch (6-20) on the spark plug body (6-12), one end of the ignition shrapnel (6-22) close to the negative electrode hole (6-15) is hinged to the spark plug body (6-12), and one side of the ignition shrapnel (6-22) close to the positive electrode hole (6-14) is connected to a metal contact (6-23), and the metal contact (6-23) can be inserted into the partition between the upper positive electrode (6-17) and the lower positive electrode (6-18). ; 2. The cross cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the inlet and exhaust cylinder (5-2) is a hollow structure. An inlet passage (5-19) and an exhaust passage (5-20) are provided on a side of the inlet and exhaust cylinder (5-2) away from the valve valve opening and closing control longitudinal rod through hole (5-15). An exhaust port baffle (5-16) is provided on one side of the interior of the inlet and exhaust cylinder (5-2). The exhaust port baffle (5-16) is hinged to one side of the interior of the inlet and exhaust cylinder (5-2). An inlet port baffle hinge (5-17) is provided in the middle of the inlet and exhaust cylinder (5-2). An inlet port baffle hinge (5-17) is hinged to an inlet port baffle (5-18). The inlet port baffle (5-18) can contact the other side of the interior of the inlet and exhaust cylinder (5-2), and the exhaust port baffle (5-16) can contact the inlet port baffle hinge (5-17).

3. The cross cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cylinder connection joint (7), which includes a disk (7-1) and four positioning posts (7-2), the four positioning posts (7-2) being installed in pairs on both sides of the disk (7-1), the connection line between the two positioning posts (7-2) on both sides of the disk (7-1) passing through the center of the disk (7-1) and having an angle, and the positioning posts (7-2) are used to be inserted into a first plug hole (5-21) on the first cylinder connection shaft (5-8) or a second plug hole (6-25) on the second cylinder connection shaft (6-11).

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