A positive and negative rotation drill bit

Abstract

The application provides a positive and reverse rotation drill bit for preventing drill pipe sticking, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration. The positive and reverse rotation drill bit comprises a positive drill bit, a central shaft connecting guide pipe, a thrust roller bearing, a reverse transmission mechanism and a reverse drill bit. The upper end of the central shaft connecting guide pipe is connected with the positive drill bit, penetrates through the thrust roller bearing, is connected with the reverse transmission mechanism located in the reverse drill bit, the upper and lower surfaces of the thrust roller bearing are connected with the bottom end of the positive drill bit and the top end of the reverse drill bit respectively, the reverse transmission mechanism is connected with the reverse drill bit, and the lower end of the central shaft connecting guide pipe in the axial downward direction is communicated with the water channel of the reverse drill bit. The application can ensure that the drill bit improves the disturbance ability to rock debris in the rock breaking process, enhances the effect of flushing the rock debris bed and relieving the rock debris deposition, improves the effect of purifying the wellbore, and prevents the drill pipe from being stuck due to the rock debris accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration technology, specifically to an anti-sticking drill bit that can rotate in both directions. Background Technology

[0002] In the drilling process, the drill bit is the main tool for breaking rocks. Drilling bits can be used to obtain abundant underground energy, and their performance directly affects drilling costs, quality, and efficiency.

[0003] Drill bits break rocks, producing cuttings. Especially during horizontal well drilling, the direction of gravity acting on the cuttings is perpendicular to the direction of the drilling fluid force, causing cuttings to easily deposit in the horizontal section, forming cuttings beds. Traditional drill bits typically use a single bit to rotate unidirectionally to break the rock. The presence of cuttings beds increases drill string friction and torque, leading to stuck pipe and difficulties in tripping in and out of the hole. These situations increase the risks of drilling operations and threaten drilling safety. For these reasons, a drill bit tool with anti-sticking and anti-reverse rotation capabilities is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an anti-jamming drill bit that can rotate in both directions to solve the problems that, in the past, rock cuttings deposition during rock breaking operations caused easy jamming and difficulty in raising and lowering the drill bit.

[0005] This invention provides an anti-jamming drill bit with forward and reverse rotation, comprising: a forward drill bit, a reverse drill bit, a central shaft connecting guide tube, and a reverse transmission mechanism;

[0006] The bottom of the positive drill bit is connected to the top of the negative drill bit via a thrust roller bearing;

[0007] The positive drill bit has a fluid guiding channel inside, the central shaft connecting conduit is located inside the reverse drill bit, the top end of the central shaft connecting conduit is connected to the bottom of the positive drill bit, and the central shaft connecting conduit is connected to the fluid guiding channel, and the bottom end of the central shaft connecting conduit is connected to the water passage inside the reverse drill bit.

[0008] The reverse drill bit is equipped with a reverse transmission mechanism, which is connected to the central shaft connecting guide tube. When the forward drill bit drives the central shaft connecting guide tube to rotate in the forward direction along the axial direction, the central shaft connecting guide tube drives the reverse drill bit to rotate in the reverse direction through the reverse transmission mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the reverse transmission mechanism includes: an upper helical gear, a lower helical gear, and a reverse transmission gear set;

[0010] The reverse drill bit has an internal cavity, which is located above the waterway inside the reverse drill bit.

[0011] The tooth surface of the upper helical gear faces downward, and its top surface is connected to the top of the cavity;

[0012] The lower helical gear is located inside the cavity, with the tooth surface of the lower helical gear facing upwards;

[0013] The central shaft connecting conduit passes through the gear holes of the upper helical gear and the lower helical gear, and the outer wall of the central shaft connecting conduit is connected to the inner wall of the gear hole of the lower helical gear.

[0014] The reverse transmission gear set is provided between the upper helical gear and the lower helical gear. The reverse transmission gear set is used to drive the lower helical gear to rotate in the opposite direction when the upper helical gear rotates in the forward direction.

[0015] Preferably, the reverse transmission gear set includes: a left helical gear and a right helical gear;

[0016] The left helical gear is located on one side of the cavity, and the tooth surface of the left helical gear faces the other side of the cavity. The left helical gear meshes with the upper helical gear and the lower helical gear respectively.

[0017] The right helical gear is located on the other side of the cavity, with the tooth surface of the right helical gear facing one side of the cavity. The right helical gear meshes with the upper helical gear and the lower helical gear respectively.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes: a first bearing post and a second bearing post;

[0019] One end of the first bearing post is connected to the left helical gear, and a first straightening hole is provided on one side wall of the cavity. The other end of the first bearing post is inserted into the first straightening hole.

[0020] One end of the second bearing post is connected to the right helical gear, and a second centering hole is provided on the side wall of the other side of the cavity. The other end of the second bearing post is inserted into the second centering hole.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes: a ball bearing;

[0022] The ball bearing is installed in the gear hole of the upper helical gear, and the outer ring of the ball bearing is connected to the inner sidewall of the gear hole of the upper helical gear.

[0023] The central shaft connecting conduit passes through the bearing hole of the ball bearing, and the outer side wall of the central shaft connecting conduit contacts the inner side wall of the bearing hole.

[0024] Preferably, it further includes: a sealed bearing;

[0025] The bottom end of the central connecting conduit is fitted with the sealing bearing at the connection point between the central connecting conduit and the water channel. The sealing bearing is used to prevent fluid entering the water channel from flowing back out from the connection point between the central connecting conduit and the water channel.

[0026] Preferably, the outer sidewalls of the forward drill bit and / or the reverse drill bit are respectively provided with blades, and a plurality of blades are evenly distributed on the outer sidewalls of the forward drill bit and / or the reverse drill bit;

[0027] The blades on the reverse drill bit have cutting teeth on their sidewalls.

[0028] Preferably, the positive drill bit has a convex connector on its upper part, which is used to connect the screw.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention provides an anti-jamming drill bit with forward and reverse rotation. By setting a forward drill bit and a reverse drill bit with the opposite rotation direction to it, the rock is broken by rotation, which improves the disturbance of deposited rock cuttings during the rock breaking process, alleviates the rock cuttings deposition effect, and solves the problem that in the past, rock cuttings deposition caused the drill bit to get stuck and the drill bit to be pulled up and down easily during the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-jamming drill bit for both forward and reverse rotation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an anti-jamming drill bit with forward and reverse rotation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse transmission mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust roller bearing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ball bearing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealed bearing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram, 1-convex joint, 2-forward drill bit, 3-cutter blade, 4-thrust roller bearing, 5-reverse drill bit, 6-cutting teeth, 7-water jet hole, 8-central shaft connecting conduit, 9-ball bearing, 10-upper helical gear, 11-right helical gear, 12-lower helical gear, 13-left helical gear, 14-first bearing post, 15-sealed bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described based on embodiments, but it is worth noting that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the following detailed description of the invention, certain specific details are described in detail. However, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention for the parts not described in detail.

[0040] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that the accompanying drawings are provided only to illustrate the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention, and are not actually drawn to scale.

[0041] Furthermore, unless the context explicitly requires it, the words "comprising," "including," and similar terms throughout the specification and claims should be interpreted as including rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, meaning "including but not limited to."

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-jamming drill bit for both forward and reverse rotation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an anti-jamming drill bit with forward and reverse rotation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse transmission mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust roller bearing in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ball bearing in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealed bearing in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, an anti-jamming drill bit with forward and reverse rotation includes: a forward drill bit 2, a reverse drill bit 5, a central shaft connecting conduit 8, and a reverse transmission mechanism; the bottom of the forward drill bit 2 is connected to the top of the reverse drill bit 5 via a thrust roller bearing 4; the forward drill bit 2 has a fluid guiding channel inside, the central shaft connecting conduit 8 is located inside the reverse drill bit 5, the top end of the central shaft connecting conduit 8 is connected to the bottom of the forward drill bit 2, and the central shaft connecting conduit 8 communicates with the fluid guiding channel, and the bottom end of the central shaft connecting conduit 8 communicates with the water passage inside the reverse drill bit 5; a reverse transmission mechanism is installed inside the reverse drill bit 5, and the reverse transmission mechanism is connected to the central shaft connecting conduit 8. The reverse transmission mechanism is used to drive the reverse drill bit 5 to rotate in the reverse direction when the forward drill bit 2 drives the central shaft connecting conduit 8 to rotate in the forward direction along the axial direction.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, both the positive drill bit 2 and the negative drill bit 5 are cylindrical. The positive drill bit 2 has a fluid guiding channel arranged along its axis at its internal center, with both the top and bottom of the channel being open. The bottom surface of the positive drill bit 2 is connected to the top surface of the thrust roller bearing 4, and the top surface of the negative drill bit 5 is connected to the bottom surface of the thrust roller bearing 4.

[0044] The central connecting conduit 8 is located inside the reverse drill bit 5. Both ends of the central connecting conduit 8 are on the axis of the reverse drill bit 5. The central connecting conduit 8 passes through the bearing hole of the thrust roller bearing 4 and is connected to the bottom surface of the forward drill bit 2. The top end of the central connecting conduit 8 corresponds to the bottom end of the fluid guiding channel, thus connecting the central connecting conduit 8 with the fluid guiding channel. A water passage is located near the bottom of the reverse drill bit 5. The bottom of the reverse drill bit 5 has multiple water jet holes 7, and the water passage is connected to each water jet hole 7. The bottom of the central connecting conduit 8 is connected to the water passage.

[0045] During rock breaking, a screw is connected to the top of the forward drill bit 2, which is connected to a drive motor. The motor drives the forward drill bit 2 to rotate forward along its axis via the screw. The forward drill bit 2 drives the central shaft connecting guide tube 8 to rotate forward. Because the central shaft connecting guide tube 8 is connected to the reverse drill bit 5 through a reverse transmission mechanism, the central shaft connecting guide tube 8 drives the reverse drill bit 5 to rotate in the opposite direction along its axis through the reverse transmission mechanism. Water is injected into the fluid channel of the forward drill bit 2. The water in the fluid channel flows downward into the central shaft connecting guide tube 8, then enters the water passage of the reverse drill bit 5 from the central shaft connecting guide tube 8, and finally sprays out through the water spray hole 7 at the bottom of the reverse drill bit 5. The thrust roller bearing 4 is used to enable the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 to rotate in different directions when connected, and to reduce friction between the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5, thereby reducing wear.

[0046] During the rotation of the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5, the different rotation directions disturb the flow of water. When water enters the fluid guiding channel, the forward drill bit 2 rotates forward, disturbing the water flow in the internal fluid guiding channel, causing it to rotate forward while flowing downward. When the water flows downward through the central shaft connecting pipe 8 into the water passage of the reverse drill bit 5, the reverse drill bit 5 reverses, disturbing the water flow in the internal water passage, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction. The water changes from the original stable downward flow to an unstable flow state such as turbulence and eddies. After the unstable flow water is ejected from the water jet hole 7, it can disturb and disperse the deposited rock cuttings, reducing their frictional resistance to the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5.

[0047] As water flows out of the nozzle 7, while the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 are continuously rotating and breaking the rock, the outer wall comes into contact with the water flowing out to the outside, thereby disturbing the water again and increasing the flow velocity of the water outside the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 during rock breaking. At the same time, because the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 rotate in opposite directions, the water forms unstable flow states such as turbulence and eddies, which can stir up the deposited rock cuttings, resist the deposition of rock cutting particles, and enhance the ability to scour the rock cuttings bed.

[0048] In this invention and Figure 2 , Figure 3 In this configuration, the reverse transmission mechanism includes an upper helical gear 10, a lower helical gear 12, and a reverse transmission gear set. The reverse drill bit 5 has an internal cavity located above the water passage within the reverse drill bit 5. The upper helical gear 10 has its tooth surface facing downwards, and its top surface is connected to the top of the cavity. The lower helical gear 12 is located inside the cavity, with its tooth surface facing upwards. A central shaft connecting conduit 8 passes through the gear holes of the upper helical gear 10 and the lower helical gear 12, and the outer wall of the central shaft connecting conduit 8 is connected to the inner wall of the gear hole of the lower helical gear 12. The reverse transmission gear set is arranged between the upper helical gear 10 and the lower helical gear 12. The reverse transmission gear set is used to drive the lower helical gear 12 to rotate in the opposite direction when the upper helical gear 10 rotates in the forward direction.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, the internal shape of the cavity is a cuboid. During rock breaking, the screw drives the forward drill bit 2 to rotate in the forward direction. The forward drill bit 2 drives the central shaft connecting guide tube 8 to rotate. Since the side wall of the central shaft connecting guide tube 8 is connected to the inner side wall of the gear hole of the lower helical gear 12, the central shaft connecting guide tube 8 will drive the lower helical gear 12 to rotate in the forward direction. When the lower helical gear 12 rotates in the forward direction, it drives the upper helical gear 10 to rotate in the reverse direction through the reverse transmission gear set provided between it and the upper helical gear 10. Since the top of the upper helical gear 10 is connected to the top side wall of the cavity of the reverse drill bit 5, the upper helical gear 10 will drive the reverse drill bit 5 to rotate in the reverse direction.

[0050] In this invention and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the reverse transmission gear set includes a left helical gear 13 and a right helical gear 11; the left helical gear 13 is located on one side of the cavity, with its tooth surface facing the other side of the cavity, and meshes with the upper helical gear 10 and the lower helical gear 12 respectively; the right helical gear 11 is located on the other side of the cavity, with its tooth surface facing one side of the cavity, and meshes with the upper helical gear 10 and the lower helical gear 12 respectively.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, since the left helical gear 13 and the right helical gear 11 are respectively engaged with the lower helical gear 12 and are located on opposite sides of the lower helical gear 12, when the central shaft connecting guide 8 drives the lower helical gear 12 to rotate in the forward direction, the lower helical gear 12 will drive the left helical gear 13 to rotate counterclockwise and drive the right helical gear 11 to rotate clockwise. Since the left helical gear 13 and the right helical gear 11 are respectively engaged with the upper helical gear 10 and are located on opposite sides of the upper helical gear 10, when the left helical gear 13 rotates counterclockwise and the right helical gear 11 rotates clockwise, it will drive the upper helical gear 10 to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation of the lower helical gear 12, that is, to rotate in the opposite direction. The upper helical gear 10 is connected to the reverse drill bit 5, thereby driving the reverse drill bit 5 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0052] In this invention and Figure 3 The cavity also includes: a first bearing post 14 and a second bearing post; one end of the first bearing post 14 is connected to the left helical gear 13, and a first straightening hole is provided on one side wall of the cavity, and the other end of the first bearing post 14 is inserted into the first straightening hole; one end of the second bearing post is connected to the right helical gear 11, and a second straightening hole is provided on the other side wall of the cavity, and the other end of the second bearing post is inserted into the second straightening hole.

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, one end of the first bearing post 14 is connected to the side of the left helical gear 13 near the inner wall of the cavity, and the other end of the first bearing post 14 is inserted into the first straightening hole, with the side wall of the first bearing post 14 fitting against the inner wall of the first straightening hole. The first bearing post 14 and the first straightening hole are used to fix the left helical gear 13 and prevent it from shifting during rotation. One end of the second bearing post is connected to the side of the right helical gear 11 near the inner wall of the cavity, and the other end of the second bearing post is inserted into the second straightening hole, with the side wall of the second bearing post fitting against the inner wall of the second straightening hole. The second bearing post and the second straightening hole are used to fix the right helical gear 11 and prevent it from shifting during rotation.

[0054] In this invention and Figure 5 The system also includes: a ball bearing 9; the ball bearing 9 is installed in the gear hole of the upper helical gear 10, and the outer ring of the ball bearing 9 is connected to the inner side wall of the gear hole of the upper helical gear 10; the central shaft connecting conduit 8 passes through the bearing hole of the ball bearing 9, and the outer side wall of the central shaft connecting conduit 8 contacts the inner side wall of the bearing hole.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the portion of the sidewall of the central shaft connecting conduit 8 located within the bearing hole of the ball bearing 9 is connected to the inner ring of the ball bearing 9. The ball bearing 9 is used to prevent the central shaft connecting conduit 8 from rotating and causing the upper helical gear 10 to rotate. The upper helical gear 10 is connected to the outer ring of the ball bearing 9, and the inner ring is connected to the sidewall of the central shaft connecting conduit 8. The central shaft connecting conduit 8 is connected to the forward drill bit 2, thereby fixing the reverse drill bit 5 and preventing the reverse drill bit 5 from separating from the forward drill bit 2.

[0056] In this invention and Figure 6 The system also includes a sealed bearing 15; the sealed bearing 15 is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft connecting conduit 8 at the connection between the bottom end of the central shaft connecting conduit 8 and the water channel, and the sealed bearing 15 is used to prevent fluid entering the water channel from returning from the connection between the central shaft connecting conduit 8 and the water channel.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, when water enters the water passage through the central connecting conduit 8, since both the central connecting conduit 8 and the reverse drill bit 5 are rotating, a gap exists in the part connecting the central connecting conduit 8 to the water passage. This causes water to flow upwards from inside the water passage through the gap between the outer wall of the central connecting conduit 8 and the reverse drill bit 5 into the cavity, resulting in corrosion of the internal components of the cavity. By installing a sealing bearing 15 on the outside of the bottom of the central connecting conduit 8 near the top of the water passage, water from the water passage can be prevented from entering the cavity.

[0058] In this invention and Figure 1 In the present invention, the outer sidewalls of the forward drill bit 2 and / or the reverse drill bit 5 are respectively provided with blades 3, and a plurality of blades 3 are evenly distributed on the outer sidewalls of the forward drill bit 2 and / or the reverse drill bit 5; the sidewalls of the blades 3 on the reverse drill bit 5 are provided with cutting teeth 6.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the blade 3 is a protrusion on the outer wall of the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5, used to cooperate in crushing rock when the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 rotate. A chip removal groove is formed between two adjacent blades 3 to guide the crushed rock chips upward. The blade 3 of the reverse drill bit 5 is located on the bottom side wall of the reverse drill bit 5, and the blade 3 of the reverse drill bit 5 extends downward to the bottom surface of the reverse drill bit 5. The side wall of the blade 3 near the bottom surface of the reverse drill bit 5 has several cutting teeth 6 for cutting and grinding the rock.

[0060] In this invention and Figure 1 In the drill bit 2, a convex connector 1 is provided above it, which is used to connect the screw.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, during rock breaking, the forward drill bit 2 is connected to a screw rod via a convex connector 1. The screw rod is connected to a drive motor. Starting the drive motor causes the screw rod to rotate, which in turn causes the forward drill bit 2 to rotate forward. The forward drill bit 2, via a central shaft connected to a guide tube 8, drives the lower helical gear 12 to rotate forward. When the lower helical gear 12 rotates forward, it drives the upper helical gear 10 to rotate in the opposite direction through a transmission between the left helical gear 13 and the right helical gear 11. The upper helical gear 10 then drives the reverse drill bit 5 to rotate in the opposite direction. The forward and reverse drill bits are lowered into the rock breaking position in the well. The reverse drill bit 5 contacts the rock and performs initial rock breaking. As the reverse drill bit 5 continues to move downwards, the rock broken by the reverse drill bit 5 contacts the forward drill bit 2 for secondary rock breaking. While the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 are rotating and breaking rocks, water is injected into the fluid channel of the forward drill bit 2. The water flows downward into the central shaft connecting pipe 8, enters the water channel of the reverse drill bit 5 through the central shaft connecting pipe 8, and finally sprays out from the water jet hole 7 at the bottom of the reverse drill bit 5. When the sprayed water reaches the outside of the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5, it mixes with the broken rock and rock cuttings. Because the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 rotate in opposite directions, the water flow is agitated, forming turbulence and accelerating its flow speed, preventing the rock cuttings from depositing and causing the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 to get stuck.

[0062] This invention achieves forward and reverse rotation of the forward drill bit 2 and the reverse drill bit 5 by adding an upper helical gear 10, a lower helical gear 12, a left gear, and a right gear inside the reverse drill bit 5, and connecting the two drill bits with a central shaft connecting guide 8. During operation, the forward and reverse drill bits create turbulent water flow, resisting the deposition of rock cuttings and keeping them suspended. This improves the efficiency of rock cuttings transport, enhances the disturbance of rock cuttings, strengthens the flushing of the rock cuttings bed, alleviates rock cuttings deposition, improves wellbore purification, and prevents stuck pipe caused by rock cuttings accumulation. It greatly simplifies the operation process, reduces the occurrence of drilling accidents, increases operational safety, and improves drilling efficiency.

[0063] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of implementation methods of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A drill bit designed to prevent jamming and reverse rotation, characterized in that, include: Forward drill bit (2), reverse drill bit (5), central shaft connecting guide tube (8), and reverse transmission mechanism; The bottom of the positive drill bit (2) is connected to the top of the negative drill bit (5) via a thrust roller bearing (4); the positive drill bit (2) has a convex connector (1) on its upper part, which is used to connect a screw. The positive drill bit (2) has a fluid guiding channel inside. The central shaft connecting conduit (8) is located inside the reverse drill bit (5). The top end of the central shaft connecting conduit (8) is connected to the bottom of the positive drill bit (2), and the central shaft connecting conduit (8) is connected to the fluid guiding channel. The bottom end of the central shaft connecting conduit (8) is connected to the water passage inside the reverse drill bit (5). The reverse drill bit (5) is equipped with a reverse transmission mechanism inside. The reverse transmission mechanism is connected to the central shaft connecting conduit (8). The reverse transmission mechanism is used to drive the reverse drill bit (5) to rotate in the reverse direction through the reverse transmission mechanism when the forward drill bit (2) drives the central shaft connecting conduit (8) to rotate in the forward direction along the axial direction. When breaking rock, water is injected into the fluid channel of the forward drill bit. When the water enters the fluid channel, the forward drill bit rotates forward, which disturbs the water flow in the fluid channel inside, causing it to rotate forward while flowing downward. When the water flows downward through the central connecting pipe into the water channel of the reverse drill bit, the reverse drill bit rotates in reverse, which disturbs the water flow in the water channel inside, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction. The water changes from a stable downward flow to an unstable flow. When water flows out of the nozzle, the outer walls of the forward and reverse drill bits come into contact with the water, thereby disturbing the water again and increasing the flow velocity of the water outside when breaking the rock. At the same time, because the forward and reverse drill bits rotate in opposite directions, the water forms an unstable flow state. The bottom of the reverse drill bit has multiple water jets, and water channels are connected to each water jet. The reverse drill bit contacts the rock to perform the first crushing of the rock. The reverse drill bit continues to move downward, and the rock crushed by the reverse drill bit contacts the forward drill bit (2) for secondary crushing.

2. The anti-jamming drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse transmission mechanism includes: an upper helical gear (10), a lower helical gear (12), and a reverse transmission gear set; The reverse drill bit (5) has a cavity inside, and the cavity is located above the waterway inside the reverse drill bit (5); The tooth surface of the upper helical gear (10) faces downward, and its top surface is connected to the top of the cavity; The lower helical gear (12) is located inside the cavity, with the tooth surface of the lower helical gear (12) facing upwards; The central shaft connecting conduit (8) passes through the gear holes of the upper helical gear (10) and the lower helical gear (12), and the outer wall of the central shaft connecting conduit (8) is connected to the inner wall of the gear hole of the lower helical gear (12). The reverse transmission gear set is provided between the upper helical gear (10) and the lower helical gear (12). The reverse transmission gear set is used to drive the lower helical gear (12) to rotate in the opposite direction when the upper helical gear (10) rotates in the forward direction.

3. The anti-jamming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reverse transmission gear set includes: a left helical gear (13) and a right helical gear (11). The left helical gear (13) is located on one side of the cavity, and the tooth surface of the left helical gear (13) faces the other side of the cavity. The left helical gear (13) meshes with the upper helical gear (10) and the lower helical gear (12) respectively. The right helical gear (11) is located on the other side of the cavity, with the tooth surface of the right helical gear (11) facing one side of the cavity. The right helical gear (11) meshes with the upper helical gear (10) and the lower helical gear (12) respectively.

4. The anti-jamming drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The first bearing column (14) and the second bearing column; One end of the first bearing post (14) is connected to the left helical gear (13), and a first straightening hole is provided on one side wall of the cavity. The other end of the first bearing post (14) is inserted into the first straightening hole. One end of the second bearing post is connected to the right helical gear (11), and the other side wall of the cavity has a second straightening hole, and the other end of the second bearing post is inserted into the second straightening hole.

5. The anti-jamming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Ball bearing (9); The ball bearing (9) is installed in the gear hole of the upper helical gear (10), and the outer ring of the ball bearing (9) is connected to the inner side wall of the gear hole of the upper helical gear (10). The central shaft connecting conduit (8) passes through the bearing hole of the ball bearing (9), and the outer side wall of the central shaft connecting conduit (8) contacts the inner side wall of the bearing hole.

6. The anti-jamming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Sealed bearing (15); The bottom end of the central shaft connecting conduit (8) is fitted with the sealing bearing (15) at the connection between the central shaft connecting conduit (8) and the water passage. The sealing bearing (15) is used to prevent fluid entering the water passage from flowing back out from the connection between the central shaft connecting conduit (8) and the water passage.

7. The anti-jamming drill bit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The positive drill bit (2) and / or the negative drill bit (5) are respectively provided with blades (3), and a plurality of blades (3) are evenly distributed on the outer side wall of the positive drill bit (2) and / or the negative drill bit (5). The reverse drill bit (5) has cutting teeth (6) on the side wall of the blade (3).

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