Optical-thermal dual-driven logic device based on ferroelectric material

Abstract

The application discloses a photothermal dual-driven logic device based on ferroelectric materials and a preparation method thereof. The photothermal dual-driven logic device comprises a hemispherical substrate and a plurality of detection units arranged in the hemispherical substrate. The photothermal detection unit is composed of a first detector ferroelectric material A and a second detector ferroelectric material B in series. The first detector and the second detector are used to receive a thermal signal and a light signal respectively. The dual response of the ferroelectric material to the thermal signal and the light signal is used to realize logic operation. Compared with a traditional logic device, the device successfully utilizes the light and thermal signals in the natural environment to realize the XOR operation, has lower energy consumption, is simple, has the characteristics of collecting light and thermal signals in different directions, and has better application prospects in the light field and the thermal radiation field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a logic device, and more particularly to a photothermal dual-drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials. Background Technology

[0002] In logic devices, the "exclusive OR" operation (XOR for short) has a wide range of applications. In practical applications, it can be used to implement parity generators or modulo-2 adders, as well as adders, XOR ciphers, XOR checks, XOR gate frequency multipliers, controllable inverters, etc.

[0003] Modern logic devices primarily use electrical signals as input. As the applications of logic devices become increasingly widespread, their energy consumption becomes a growing concern. Traditional XOR logic units use a large number of transistors, resulting in long signal transmission paths, slow speeds, and high energy consumption. Reducing the energy consumption of logic units is crucial for practical applications. Optical-thermal dual-drive logic units can directly utilize light and heat signals from the natural environment to drive the logic devices, significantly reducing energy consumption and broadening the application of logic devices in optical or thermal radiation fields.

[0004] With the development of optoelectronic information science and technology, logic devices driven by optical signals have attracted widespread attention from researchers. Patent CN109970358B proposes the application of an all-solid-state bismuth titanate-based ferroelectric thin film to optically driven logic devices, overcoming the limitation of traditional optically driven logic devices that can only be applied to fluid systems. Research on logic devices in the field of thermal radiation mainly focuses on single thermally controlled logic switches, unable to handle more complex logic operations. Patent CN112331765 A proposes a multi-level thermally controlled logic switch based on the thermally induced phase transition characteristics of vanadium dioxide. While these patents mention that logic devices can process single optical or thermal signals, they do not mention logic devices capable of processing multiple signals simultaneously, which greatly limits the application areas of logic devices.

[0005] The literature “Piezotronic and piezo-phototronic logic computations using Audecorated ZnO microwires”, Li H, Liu N, Zhang X, et al., Nano Energy, 2016:587-594, fabricated gold-particle-modified ZnO microwire ultraviolet-stress-gated transistors, which drive logic operations through ultraviolet light and external stress, successfully converting optical and mechanical stimuli into logic output signals. The literature “Logic and in-memory computing achieved in a single ferroelectric semiconductor transistor”, Wang J, Wang F, Wang Z, et al., Science Bulletin, 66(2021)2288–2296, constructed a single two-dimensional ferroelectric semiconductor field-effect transistor, which drives logic operations in response to optical and electrical signals. The aforementioned literature all mentions logic devices that can respond to two signals simultaneously, thus broadening the application areas of logic devices. However, no logic device has yet been mentioned that can simultaneously utilize the pyroelectric and ferroelectric photovoltaic properties of ferroelectric materials to respond to optical and thermal signals. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The present invention aims to propose a photothermal dual-drive logic device based on lead-free ferroelectric ceramic sheets, which expands the scope of traditional logic devices that can only process a single signal.

[0007] Technical solution: The present invention provides a photothermal dual-drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials, comprising a logic device system composed of two ferroelectric materials connected in series. The responses of the ferroelectric materials to optical and thermal signals serve as logic inputs, and the overall series system serves as the output of the operation signal.

[0008] Furthermore, the substrate material is an aluminum alloy, and when an external signal is applied to the inside of the hemisphere, an effective temperature difference is formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the detection unit.

[0009] The external signal includes an external optical signal and a thermal signal, both of which are incident inside the hemisphere.

[0010] The detection unit comprises a logic device system based on two ferroelectric materials connected in series. The ferroelectric materials' responses to optical and thermal signals serve as logic inputs, while the overall series system serves as the output of the computation signal.

[0011] Furthermore, the ferroelectric material is a single-crystal material or a polycrystalline material.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the ferroelectric material is controlled between 0.2 mm and 1 mm.

[0013] To realize the logic operation in response to thermal signals, a thermally driven logic device is implemented by introducing temperature differences in different directions.

[0014] The thermally driven logic device based on ferroelectric materials has two independent input signals: a first thermal signal and a second thermal signal. The first thermal signal is applied to the top of the first detector (temperature difference ΔT > 0℃ from top to bottom), and the second thermal signal is applied to the bottom of the second detector (temperature difference ΔT < 0℃ from top to bottom). When the detector applies a thermal signal, the logic input is recorded as "1", and when no signal is applied, the logic input is recorded as "0".

[0015] When the first thermal signal input is 0 and the second thermal signal input is 0, the result of the logical operation is "0".

[0016] When the first thermal signal input is 1 and the second thermal signal input is 0, the result of the logical operation is "1";

[0017] When the first thermal signal input is 0 and the second thermal signal input is 1, the result of the logical operation is "1";

[0018] When the first thermal signal input is 1 and the second thermal signal input is 1, the result of the logical operation is "1";

[0019] To realize the logical operation in response to optical signals, an optical drive logic device is implemented by introducing polarization in different directions.

[0020] The optical drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials has two independent input signals: a first optical signal and a second optical signal. The first signal is applied to the first detector, and the second signal is applied to the second detector. When the detector applies an optical signal, it records the logic input as "1" and when no optical signal is applied, it records the logic input as "0".

[0021] When the first optical signal input is 0 and the second optical signal input is 0, the result of the logical operation is "0".

[0022] When the first optical signal input is 1 and the second optical signal input is 0, the result of the logical operation is "1";

[0023] When the first optical signal input is 0 and the second optical signal input is 1, the result of the logical operation is "1";

[0024] When the first optical signal input is 1 and the second optical signal input is 1, the result of the logical operation is "1";

[0025] Ferroelectric semiconductor materials, due to the presence of their depolarization electric field, can more effectively separate photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and the polarization direction can effectively control the direction of the photocurrent. Therefore, ferroelectric photovoltaics possess the ability to convert optical signals into electrical signals.

[0026] Ferroelectric materials are a branch of pyroelectric materials. Within materials with non-centrosymmetric structures, the internal electric dipole moments spontaneously polarize during temperature changes, generating a built-in electric field that drives charge carrier movement, thus forming a current within the material. Therefore, pyroelectric materials possess the ability to convert thermal signals into electrical signals.

[0027] Preliminary research on ferroelectric materials shows that their pyroelectric properties respond to temperature changes. By controlling temperature changes, the magnitude and direction of the pyroelectric current can be effectively regulated, demonstrating the feasibility of a thermally driven logic device based on ferroelectric materials.

[0028] The ferroelectric photovoltaic properties of ferroelectric materials enable them to generate significant photogenerated carriers under sunlight and even visible light irradiation, and these carriers can be effectively separated under the influence of the built-in electric field of ferroelectric polarization. By controlling the ferroelectric polarization, the magnitude and direction of the photocurrent response can be manipulated. This demonstrates the feasibility of optically driven logic devices based on ferroelectric materials.

[0029] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The present invention proposes a photothermal dual-drive logic device, which uses thermal signals and optical signals as the output signals of the logic device. The device is simple, has low power consumption, can be applied to portable electronic devices, has the characteristics of responding to photothermal signals in different directions, and can be applied to both thermal radiation and optical fields. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photothermal dual-drive logic device based on a ceramic sheet.

[0031] Figure 2 Pyroelectric current response curves of ceramic sheets with different thicknesses

[0032] Figure 3 The pyroelectric current response curves of a 0.2 mm thick ceramic sheet under different temperature differences;

[0033] Figure 4 Photocurrent response curves of a 0.2 mm thick ceramic sheet under different polarization states;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of heat-driven logic operation based on ceramic sheets;

[0035] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of light-driven logic operation based on ceramic sheets. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] This invention provides a method for constructing a logic device with dual optical and thermal drive, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the logic device includes a first detector (A) and a second detector (B), which are connected in series to receive a first signal and a second signal. The lower electrode of detector A is connected to the upper electrode of detector B. Simultaneously, the upper electrode of detector A and the lower electrode of detector B are connected to two probes of a Keithley 4200-CSC to record the current signal. Detectors A and B have identical structures, both composed of BZT-xBCT lead-free ferroelectric ceramics with upper and lower electrodes, both of which are Pt electrodes. Both detectors A and B are in a polarized state.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] The present invention provides a thermal signal driven logic operation, including a first detector (A) and a second detector (B) for receiving a first thermal signal and a second thermal signal, wherein both detector A and detector B are in a positive polarization state.

[0040] The first thermal signal and the second thermal signal are two independent input thermal signals. The first thermal signal is applied to the top of the first detector, and the second thermal signal is applied to the bottom of the second detector. The logic input of the detector is recorded as "1" when the thermal signal is applied and as "0" when no thermal signal is applied.

[0041] Figure 2 The pyroelectric current response diagram based on heat-driven operation of this invention is presented. As can be seen from the diagram, a positive pyroelectric current I1 is generated when a first thermal signal (ΔT > 0℃) is applied to the top of detector A, and a reverse pyroelectric current I2 is generated when a second thermal signal (ΔT < 0℃) is applied to the bottom of detector B. This demonstrates that we can introduce temperature differences in different directions by adjusting the direction of the input thermal signal, thereby controlling the direction of the pyroelectric current.

[0042] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the thermal logic operation of the present invention is given. As can be seen from the figure, (1) when no thermal signal irradiates detector A and detector B, that is, when the logic value is "0" at the same time, there is no pyroelectric current output, and the corresponding logic operation value is "0". (2) when only the thermal signal irradiates the top of detector A or the bottom of detector B, that is, when the logic values ​​of the signals received by detector A and detector B are "1" and "0" or "0" and "1" respectively, pyroelectric current is output. As long as the pyroelectric current is detected, the corresponding logic operation value is "1". (3) when the thermal signal irradiates the top of detector A and the bottom of detector B at the same time, the output pyroelectric currents I1 and I2 cancel each other out, and the corresponding logic operation value is "0". The above process realizes the "exclusive OR" operation in the logic device, forming a simple thermally driven logic device.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] Another aspect of the present invention provides an optically driven logic device, including a first detector (A) and a second detector (B) for receiving a first optical signal and a second optical signal, wherein detector A is in a positive polarization state and detector B is in a negative polarization state.

[0045] The first optical signal and the second optical signal are two independent input optical signals. The first optical signal is applied to the top of detector A, and the second optical signal is applied to the top of detector B. The logic input of the detector is recorded as "1" when the optical signal is applied and as "0" when no optical signal is applied.

[0046] Figure 3 The photocurrent response diagram based on light-driven operation of this invention is presented. As can be seen from the diagram, a forward photocurrent I3 is generated when an optical signal is applied to detector A, and a reverse photocurrent I4 is generated when an optical signal is applied to detector B. Therefore, it is evident that the direction of the photocurrent can be controlled by adjusting the polarization state.

[0047] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the optical logic operation of the present invention is given. As can be seen from the figure, (1) when no light signal illuminates detector A and detector B, that is, when the input logic value is "0" at the same time, there is no photocurrent output, and the corresponding output logic value is "0". (2) when only one beam of light illuminates detector A or detector B, that is, when the input logic values ​​of the signals received by detector A and detector B are "1" and "0" or "0" and "1" respectively, a photocurrent is output. As long as the photocurrent is detected, the corresponding output logic value is "1". (3) when two beams of light illuminate detector A and detector B at the same time, the output photocurrents I3 and I4 cancel each other out, and the corresponding output logic value is "0". The above process realizes the "exclusive OR" operation in the logic device, forming a simple optical driving logic device. Both Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 select to measure the output current signal of the detection unit located in the direction perpendicular to the light and heat transfer direction, and perform logic operation through the current signal. In practical applications, optical and thermal signals do not necessarily illuminate the detection unit perpendicularly. When the optical signal is not incident perpendicularly, there will always be some reflected light, and when the thermal signal is not incident perpendicularly on the object surface, there will always be some degree of heat loss. To address this, we designed a hemispherical substrate device to effectively collect optical and thermal signals from different directions, enabling efficient utilization of both light and thermal energy to achieve full energy utilization.

Claims

1. A photothermal dual-drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials, characterized in that, It includes a hemispherical base and a detection array located on the inner surface of the hemispherical body, the detection array being composed of multiple detection units; The substrate is made of aluminum alloy. An external signal is applied to the interior of the hemisphere, and an effective temperature difference is formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the detection unit. The external signal includes an external optical signal and a thermal signal, both of which are incident inside the hemisphere. The detection unit includes a logic device system based on two ferroelectric materials connected in series. The response of the ferroelectric materials to optical and thermal signals serves as the logic input, and the overall series system serves as the output of the operation signal, realizing the "XOR" operation logic. The logic device system includes a first detector A and a second detector B. Both the first detector A and the second detector B are made of BZT-xBCT lead-free ferroelectric ceramic with upper and lower electrodes. Both upper and lower electrodes are Pt electrodes. Both the first detector A and the second detector B are in a polarized state.

2. The photothermal dual-drive logic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ferroelectric material is a single-crystal material or a polycrystalline material.

3. The photothermal dual-drive logic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ferroelectric material has a sheet-like structure with a thickness controlled between 0.2 mm and 1 mm.

4. A logic operation method for a photothermal dual-drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials, characterized in that, By controlling two identical ferroelectric materials to experience different temperature variations—that is, if the temperature difference ΔT from top to bottom of one ferroelectric material is greater than 0°C, then the temperature difference ΔT from top to bottom of the other ferroelectric material is less than 0°C—when there is no temperature change, neither ferroelectric material generates pyroelectric current, and the output of the thermal drive logic is 0. When either ferroelectric material experiences a temperature change while the other does not, the output of the thermal drive logic is 1. When both ferroelectric materials experience temperature changes, the output of the thermal drive logic is 0, thus implementing the "exclusive OR" operation logic. The photothermal dual-drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials includes a hemispherical substrate and a detector array located on the inner surface of the hemispherical substrate, wherein the detector array is composed of multiple detector units; The substrate is made of aluminum alloy. An external signal is applied to the interior of the hemisphere, and an effective temperature difference is formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the detection unit. The external signal includes an external optical signal and a thermal signal, both of which are incident inside the hemisphere. The detection unit includes a logic device system based on two ferroelectric materials connected in series. The response of the ferroelectric materials to optical and thermal signals serves as the logic input, and the overall series system serves as the output of the operation signal, realizing the "XOR" operation logic. The logic device system includes a first detector A and a second detector B. Both the first detector A and the second detector B are made of BZT-xBCT lead-free ferroelectric ceramic with upper and lower electrodes. Both upper and lower electrodes are Pt electrodes. Both the first detector A and the second detector B are in a polarized state.

5. A logic operation method for a photothermal dual-drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials, characterized in that, By controlling two ferroelectric materials to be in different polarization states—that is, one side of the ferroelectric material is positively polarized while the other side is negatively polarized—the light-driven logic is implemented when there is no light, no photocurrent is generated on either side, and the output of the light-driven logic is 0. When either side of the ferroelectric material is illuminated while the other side is not, the output of the light-driven logic is 1. When both sides of the ferroelectric material are illuminated, the output of the light-driven logic is 0. The photothermal dual-drive logic device based on ferroelectric materials includes a hemispherical substrate and a detector array located on the inner surface of the hemispherical substrate, wherein the detector array is composed of multiple detector units; The substrate is made of aluminum alloy. An external signal is applied to the interior of the hemisphere, and an effective temperature difference is formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the detection unit. The external signal includes an external optical signal and a thermal signal, both of which are incident inside the hemisphere. The detection unit includes a logic device system based on two ferroelectric materials connected in series. The response of the ferroelectric materials to optical and thermal signals serves as the logic input, and the overall series system serves as the output of the operation signal, realizing the "XOR" operation logic. The logic device system includes a first detector A and a second detector B. Both the first detector A and the second detector B are made of BZT-xBCT lead-free ferroelectric ceramic with upper and lower electrodes. Both upper and lower electrodes are Pt electrodes. Both the first detector A and the second detector B are in a polarized state.

Images