A system and method for on-site mixing of emulsion explosive for peripheral holes in tunnel blasting

Abstract

A system for on-site mixing and loading of emulsion explosive in peripheral holes of tunnel blasting, comprising a latex matrix storage tank, a latex matrix delivery pipe, a sensitizer storage tank, a sensitizer delivery pipe, a mixed emulsion explosive pumping system, a drug delivery pipe, a quick curing foam material storage tank, a buffer foam material delivery pipe and a mixing generator; a method for loading mixed emulsion explosive in peripheral holes of tunnel blasting, comprising the following steps: (I) adding latex matrix, sensitizer and foam buffer material respectively; (II) delivering the latex matrix and the sensitizer to the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system; (III) pumping the latex matrix and the sensitizer into the mixing generator for thorough mixing to generate emulsion explosive, while delivering the foam buffer material into the mixing generator; (IV) directly and simultaneously injecting the emulsion explosive and the foam buffer material into the blast hole. The application sweeps away the obstacles for application of on-site mixing and loading of emulsion explosive technology in tunnel blasting.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of engineering blasting for tunnel construction, in particular, to a system and method for on-site mixed emulsion explosive for peripheral holes in tunnel blasting. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel blasting, the existing on-site mixed emulsion explosive charging technology can quickly fill the cut hole, caving hole, floor hole, etc., compared with manual filling of finished explosive, greatly improving the charging efficiency. The on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology has the requirements of safety, high efficiency, economy and environmental protection, and has been widely used in open-pit mines. With the maturity of this technology, it has been gradually applied in traffic tunnel blasting excavation, especially in harsh working conditions and high construction efficiency requirements, and the technology is more urgent. However, for tunnel blasting, it is often required to use smooth blasting for peripheral holes, that is, to ensure the smoothness of the tunnel peripheral contour and the stability of the surrounding rock.

[0003] In order to ensure the effect of smooth blasting, the peripheral hole needs to use the structure of uncoupled charging, and the mixed emulsion explosive is characterized by coupled charging, so it is difficult to achieve the effect of smooth blasting for peripheral holes. This technology cannot meet the technical requirements of peripheral hole charging, and cannot achieve good smooth blasting. Some solutions cannot solve this problem well, and only the conventional interval filling of roll-shaped finished explosive can be used, which affects the charging efficiency, so the advantages of on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology cannot be fully realized.

[0004] Currently, the output of explosive is adjusted by controlling the pulling speed of the charging pipe to achieve uncoupled charging in the hole. This method requires very precise control of the pipe pulling speed and the explosive spraying speed, and the current technology is still difficult to achieve perfectly. Often there are multiple charges or broken charges, the blasting effect is not ideal, and even there may be misfire, which affects the promotion of on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology, so this method is still in the exploratory stage. Another method is to first install a PVC pipe in the hole, and then fill the mixed emulsion explosive in the hole. The PVC pipe allows the explosive and the hole wall to have a certain interval, achieving uncoupled charging. However, the main disadvantages of this method are: first, an additional PVC pipe is added to each hole, greatly increasing the construction cost; second, PVC material will generate a large amount of toxic and harmful gas under the action of high temperature and high pressure gas generated by explosive explosion, which seriously affects the health of construction workers. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a system and method for on-site mixed emulsion explosive for peripheral holes in tunnel blasting. The present application removes the obstacles of the application of on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology in tunnel blasting, and perfectly realizes the organic combination of high efficiency and high quality in tunnel blasting.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a system for filling mixed emulsion explosive in peripheral holes in tunnel blasting, which comprises a latex matrix storage tank, a latex matrix conveying pipe, a sensitizer storage tank, a sensitizer conveying pipe, a mixed emulsion explosive pumping system, a conveying pipe, a quick solidification foam buffer material storage tank, a quick solidification foam buffer material conveying pipe and a mixing generator.

[0007] Preferably, the latex matrix storage tank is in communication with the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system through the latex matrix conveying pipe, and the sensitizer storage tank is in communication with the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system through the sensitizer conveying pipe; the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system is in communication with the mixing generator through the conveying pipe, and the quick solidification foam buffer material storage tank is also in communication with the mixing generator through the quick solidification foam buffer material conveying pipe.

[0008] In any of the above solutions, preferably, the mixing generator comprises a flow regulating device, a first static mixing unit and a second static mixing unit. The latex matrix in the latex matrix storage tank and the sensitizer in the sensitizer storage tank are pumped through the latex matrix conveying pipe and the sensitizer conveying pipe and the pumping system, respectively, and then are fully mixed in the first static mixing unit and the second static mixing unit in the mixing generator through the conveying pipe, and are delivered into the hole, where the sensitization reaction occurs to generate explosive.

[0009] In any of the above solutions, preferably, the mixing generator is divided into two pipes, a first pipe in which the flow regulating device is arranged, and a second pipe in which the first static mixing unit and the second static mixing unit are arranged in sequence in the pumping direction.

[0010] In any of the above solutions, preferably, the first static mixing unit is a unit in which a large-diameter inlet gradually narrows into a small-diameter pipe, and the second static mixing unit is a static mixing unit with a mesh-like structure. When the latex matrix and the sensitizer flow through the two mixing units at a certain speed, vortexes are formed to fully mix the two materials. The quick solidification foam buffer material flows through the first pipe in which the flow regulating device is arranged. For tunnels with different geologies, the amount of quick solidification foam buffer material filled into the blast hole can be adjusted by the flow regulating device, and thus the charging parameters can be adjusted to ensure the blasting effect of the peripheral holes.

[0011] In any of the above solutions, preferably, the mixing generator is a tubular body with a diameter of 35-40 cm, and the first pipe is arranged at the upper portion of the second pipe.

[0012] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application provides a method for filling mixed emulsion explosive in peripheral holes in tunnel blasting by using the above system, which comprises the following steps:

[0013] (I) adding the latex matrix meeting the use amount into the latex matrix storage tank, adding the sensitizer meeting the use amount into the sensitizer storage tank, and adding the quick-curing foam cushion material meeting the use amount into the quick-curing foam cushion material storage tank;

[0014] (II) conveying the latex matrix and the sensitizer to the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system through the latex matrix conveying pipe and the sensitizer conveying pipe respectively;

[0015] (III) pumping the latex matrix and the sensitizer to the mixing generator through the medicine conveying pipe by the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system to mix sufficiently, generating the emulsion explosive; meanwhile, conveying the quick-curing foam cushion material to the mixing generator through the quick-curing foam cushion material conveying pipe by the tank internal pressure;

[0016] (IV) directly and simultaneously injecting the emulsion explosive and the quick-curing foam cushion material output from the mixing generator into the blast hole.

[0017] Preferably, the quick-curing foam cushion material passes through the first pipe with a flow adjusting device arranged in the mixing generator; the latex matrix and the sensitizer pass through the second pipe in the mixing generator and mix sufficiently by the first static mixing unit (11) and the second static mixing unit in turn.

[0018] Preferably in any of the above schemes, the quick-curing foam cushion material is the polyurethane foam material with an outer catalyst film.

[0019] The present application has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present application adds a set of cushion material generating device to the original mixed emulsion explosive charging pipe head, and fills a certain amount of quick-curing foam cushion material into the surrounding rock while filling the mixed emulsion explosive into the hole, which reduces the explosive shock pressure and protects the surrounding rock, achieving good smooth blasting effect.

[0021] 2. The present application mainly aims at the mechanized charging link of tunnel blasting construction, and through specific devices, the mixed emulsion explosive and the foam material can be simultaneously filled into the hole according to a certain proportion and angle when filling the peripheral hole, which plays a role in buffering the shock wave and protecting the hole wall when the explosive explodes, achieving good smooth blasting effect.

[0022] 3. The method of the present application improves the tunnel blasting charging efficiency while achieving good smooth blasting effect, so that the on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology is not limited in the application of tunnel blasting.

[0023] 4. The present application clears the obstacles for the application of on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology in tunnel blasting, and perfectly realizes the organic combination of high efficiency and high quality of tunnel blasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a system for tunnel blasting peripheral hole site mixed emulsion explosive according to the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is an internal side view of a mixing generator of a system for tunnel blasting peripheral hole site mixed emulsion explosive according to the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a sectional view along line A-A in figure 5;

[0027] Figure 4 is a charging effect schematic diagram after peripheral hole charging according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are only used to understand the present application, and the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other, and the present application can be implemented in multiple different ways limited and covered by the claims.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] A system for tunnel blasting peripheral hole site mixed emulsion explosive, comprising a latex matrix storage tank 1, a latex matrix conveying pipe 2, a sensitizer storage tank 3, a sensitizer conveying pipe 4, a mixed emulsion explosive pumping system 5, a conveying pipe 6, a quick-curing foam buffer material storage tank 7, a quick-curing foam buffer material conveying pipe 8 and a mixing generator 9.

[0031] The latex matrix storage tank 1 is communicated with the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system 5 through the latex matrix conveying pipe 2, and the sensitizer storage tank 3 is communicated with the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system 5 through the sensitizer conveying pipe 4. The mixed emulsion explosive pumping system 5 is additionally communicated with the mixing generator 9 through the conveying pipe 6, and the quick-curing foam buffer material storage tank 7 is also communicated with the mixing generator 9 through the quick-curing foam buffer material conveying pipe 8.

[0032] The mixing generator 9 comprises a flow regulating device 10, a first static mixing unit 11 and a second static mixing unit 12. The latex matrix in the latex matrix storage tank 1 and the sensitizer in the sensitizer storage tank 3 are pumped through the latex matrix conveying pipe 2, the sensitizer conveying pipe 4 and the pumping system 5 respectively, and then are fully mixed in the first static mixing unit 11 and the second static mixing unit 12 in the mixing generator 9 after being pumped through the conveying pipe 6, and then are conveyed into the hole to generate explosive through sensitization reaction in the hole.

[0033] The mixing generator 9 is divided into two pipes, a first pipe in which a flow adjusting device 10 is arranged; and a second pipe in which a first static mixing unit 11 and a second static mixing unit 12 are arranged in sequence along the pumping direction.

[0034] The first static mixing unit 11 is a unit in which a large-diameter inlet gradually narrows into a small-diameter pipe, and the second static mixing unit 12 is a static mixing unit in a mesh-like structure. When the emulsion matrix and the sensitizer pass through the two mixing units at a certain speed, vortexes are formed to fully mix the two materials. The foam material flows through the first pipe in which the flow adjusting device 10 is arranged. For tunnels with different geologies, the amount of foam material filled into the blast hole can be adjusted by the flow adjusting device 10, and then the charging parameters are adjusted to ensure the blasting effect of the peripheral holes.

[0035] The mixing generator 9 is a tubular body with a diameter of 35 cm; the first pipe is arranged at the upper portion of the second pipe.

[0036] The charging effect after the peripheral blast hole A is charged is shown in Figure 3 The side to be blasted is emulsion explosive B, and the retained side is foam cushioning material C. The foam cushioning material C has the function of cushioning and absorbing energy, can weaken the shock wave pressure, protect the surrounding rock of the hole wall, and achieve the effect of smooth blasting. According to the different positions of the blast hole A, the corresponding directions of the two materials are adjusted, so that the foam cushioning material C is always retained on the surrounding rock side.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A method for filling mixed emulsion explosive into the peripheral hole of tunnel blasting by using the above system, comprising the following steps:

[0039] (I) Add the emulsion matrix meeting the use amount in the emulsion matrix storage tank 1, add the sensitizer meeting the use amount in the sensitizer storage tank (3), and add the quick-curing foam cushioning material meeting the use amount in the quick-curing foam cushioning material storage tank 7;

[0040] (II) The emulsion matrix and the sensitizer are respectively conveyed to the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system 5 through the emulsion matrix conveying pipe 2 and the sensitizer conveying pipe (4);

[0041] (III) The emulsion matrix and the sensitizer are pumped into the mixing generator 9 by the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system 5 through the explosive conveying pipe 6 to be fully mixed to generate emulsion explosive; at the same time, the quick-curing foam cushioning material is conveyed into the mixing generator 9 through the quick-curing foam cushioning material conveying pipe 8 by using the internal pressure of the tank;

[0042] (IV) The emulsion explosive and the quick-curing foam cushioning material output from the mixing generator 9 are directly and simultaneously injected into the blast hole.

[0043] The quick-curing foam cushioning material passes through the first pipe with the flow regulating device 10 in the mixing generator 9; the latex matrix and the sensitizer pass through the second pipe in the mixing generator 9 and are mixed fully in turn by the first static mixing unit 11 and the second static mixing unit 12.

[0044] The quick-curing foam cushioning material is a polyurethane foam material with a catalyst film.

[0045] The polyurethane foam material is foamed and expanded, reacts with the moisture in the air in the pores, is cured quickly under the action of the catalyst within 30 minutes, reaches the designed strength, plays the role of buffering the shock wave and protecting the rock wall.

[0046] The catalyst comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-methylcyclohexylamine 20-25, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)methyl propyl methacrylate 10-15, benzyl dimethylamine 10-15, dimethylaminocyclohexane 15-20, N,N-dimethyltrimethylene diamine 3-5, N-methyl dicyclohexylamine 8-10, lead benzoate 5-10, and dibutyl bis(1-oxododecyl)tin 10-12.

[0047] The catalyst has good stability, so that it is fully cross-linked and cured with the polyurethane foam material, the network structure has high cross-linking density, the probability of residual monomers is greatly reduced, the catalyst addition amount is small, the aging resistance and curing performance of the polyurethane foam are improved, the foaming and curing speed is greatly improved, the material source is wide and easy to obtain, and the cost is low. Through relevant test tests, compared with the same catalyst on the market, the aging resistance and curing performance of the polyurethane foam are improved by more than 20% and more than 25% respectively, and the foaming and curing speed is improved by 15-20%.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A system for on-site mixing and loading of emulsion explosive in peripheral holes of tunnel blasting, comprising a latex matrix storage tank 1, a latex matrix conveying pipe 2, a sensitizer storage tank 3, a sensitizer conveying pipe 4, an emulsion explosive mixing and loading pumping system 5, a conveying pipe 6, a quick-curing foam cushioning material storage tank 7, a quick-curing foam cushioning material conveying pipe 8 and a mixing generator 9.

[0050] The latex matrix storage tank 1 is communicated with the emulsion explosive mixing and loading pumping system 5 through the latex matrix conveying pipe 2, and the sensitizer storage tank 3 is communicated with the emulsion explosive mixing and loading pumping system 5 through the sensitizer conveying pipe 4, the emulsion explosive mixing and loading pumping system 5 is additionally communicated with the mixing generator 9 through the conveying pipe 6, and the quick-curing foam cushioning material storage tank 7 is also communicated with the mixing generator 9 through the quick-curing foam cushioning material conveying pipe 8.

[0051] The mixing generator 9 comprises a flow regulating device 10, a first static mixing unit 11 and a second static mixing unit 12. The emulsion matrix in the emulsion matrix storage tank 1 and the sensitizer in the sensitizer storage tank 3 are pumped through the emulsion matrix delivery pipe 2, the sensitizer delivery pipe 4 and the pumping system 5, and then are delivered to the hole through the medicine delivery pipe 6, and are fully mixed in the first static mixing unit 11 and the second static mixing unit 12 in the mixing generator 9, and then are delivered to the hole, and the sensitization reaction occurs in the hole to generate the explosive.

[0052] The mixing generator 9 is divided into two pipes, the first pipe is provided with the flow regulating device 10, and the second pipe is sequentially provided with the first static mixing unit 11 and the second static mixing unit 12 in the pumping direction.

[0053] The first static mixing unit 11 is a unit gradually reduced from a large-diameter inlet to a small-diameter pipe, and the second static mixing unit 12 is a static mixing unit similar to a mesh structure. When the emulsion matrix and the sensitizer pass through the two mixing units at a certain speed, vortexes are formed to fully mix the two materials. The foam material flows through the first pipe provided with the flow regulating device 10. For different geologies of the tunnel, the amount of the foam material filled into the blast hole can be adjusted through the flow regulating device 10, and then the charging parameters are adjusted to ensure the blasting effect of the surrounding holes.

[0054] The mixing generator 9 is a tubular body with a diameter of 40 cm, and the first pipe is arranged at the upper portion of the second pipe.

[0055] In addition, the first static mixing unit 11 is composed of a large-diameter inlet section, a gradually reduced transition section and a small-diameter pipe which are in communication with each other, and the outlet section of the small-diameter pipe has a throat; the length ratio of the large-diameter inlet section, the gradually reduced transition section and the small-diameter pipe is 4:7:1.5, and the diameter ratio of the large-diameter inlet section and the small-diameter pipe is 17:1.

[0056] The second static mixing unit 12 comprises radial grid frames, axial meshes and a grid frame; a plurality of radial grid frames are arranged in the grid frame in a ring shape; the radial grid frames are arranged in an inclined manner towards the surface of the first static mixing unit 11; the grid frame is arranged around the outside of the radial grid frames and is fixed on the inner surface of the second pipe; and a plurality of axial meshes are arranged on the surface of each radial grid frame away from the first static mixing unit 11.

[0057] The radial grid frame is provided with a mounting seat, the axial mesh is provided with a fixed mounting block, the fixed mounting block is correspondingly and fittingly mounted with the mounting seat, and the cross section of the fixed mounting block is polygonal. One end of the fixed mounting block facing the radial grid frame is provided with a mounting hole, one side of the mounting seat facing the axial mesh is provided with a threaded column, and the threaded column is correspondingly and fittingly mounted with the mounting hole.

[0058] The axial mesh comprises a front inclined section, a middle section and a rear inclined section; the fixed mounting block is connected to the middle section; the front inclined section is arranged at the front end of the middle section; the rear inclined section is arranged at the rear end of the middle section; and the front inclined section, the middle section and the rear inclined section form an approximate S shape as a whole.

[0059] The first static mixing unit 11 and the second static mixing unit 12 are simple in structure, form a strong vortex area, have a large velocity gradient, and can fully mix the latex matrix and the sensitizer, thereby reducing the mixing time. The latex matrix and the sensitizer are fully mixed by using the vortex principle, the addition amount is reduced, and the cost is saved. The units are easy to manage and maintain, and have low operation cost, thereby saving equipment maintenance cost, reducing maintenance and management difficulties, and saving energy consumption. The device has small investment cost and wide market application prospect.

[0060] The structure of the second static mixing unit 12 can realize full and uniform mixing of the latex matrix and the sensitizer.

[0061] As known from the above embodiment, the present application adds a set of buffer material generating device to the original mixed emulsion explosive charging pipe head, fills a certain amount of rapid solidification foam buffer material into the surrounding rock during filling of the mixed emulsion explosive into the hole, plays a role of reducing the explosive explosion impact pressure and protecting the surrounding rock, and achieves a good smooth blasting effect.

[0062] The present application mainly aims at the mechanized charging link of tunnel blasting construction, and when filling the peripheral holes, the mixed emulsion explosive and the foam material can be simultaneously filled into the hole at a certain proportion and angle through a specific device, the foam material plays a role of buffering the shock wave and protecting the hole wall during the explosion of the explosive, and a good smooth blasting effect is achieved.

[0063] The method of the present application improves the tunnel blasting charging efficiency and achieves a good smooth blasting effect, so that the on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology is not limited in the application of tunnel blasting.

[0064] The present application clears the obstacles for the application of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive technology in tunnel blasting, and perfectly realizes the organic combination of high efficiency and high quality of tunnel blasting.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit other forms of the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above disclosed technical content into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made according to the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiments still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A system for on-site mixing of emulsion explosive for peripheral holes of a tunnel blast, characterized in that, The emulsion matrix storage tank (1), the emulsion matrix conveying pipe (2), the sensitizer storage tank (3), the sensitizer conveying pipe (4), the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system (5), the medicine conveying pipe (6), the quick solidification foam buffer material storage tank (7), the quick solidification foam buffer material conveying pipe (8) and the mixing generator (9) are connected with each other. The emulsion matrix storage tank (1) and the sensitizer storage tank (3) are connected with the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system (5) through the emulsion matrix conveying pipe (2) and the sensitizer conveying pipe (4) respectively, the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system (5) is connected with the mixing generator (9) through the medicine conveying pipe (6), and the quick solidification foam buffer material storage tank (7) is also connected with the mixing generator (9) through the quick solidification foam buffer material conveying pipe (8). The mixing generator (9) comprises a flow adjusting device (10), a first static mixing unit (11) and a second static mixing unit (12). The mixing generator (9) is internally divided into two pipes, the quick solidification foam buffer material passes through the first pipe in the mixing generator (9), and the emulsion matrix and the sensitizer pass through the second pipe in the mixing generator (9).

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The first static mixing unit (11) is a unit in which a large-diameter inlet is gradually reduced to a small-diameter pipe, and the second static mixing unit (12) is a static mixing unit in a mesh-like structure.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, The mixing generator (9) is a tubular body with a diameter of 35-40 cm, and the first pipe is arranged at the upper portion of the second pipe.

4. A method for implementing the tunnel blasting peripheral hole filling mixed emulsion explosive by using the system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (I) adding the emulsion matrix, the sensitizer and the quick solidification foam buffer material into the emulsion matrix storage tank (1), the sensitizer storage tank (3) and the quick solidification foam buffer material storage tank (7) respectively to meet the use amount; (II) conveying the emulsion matrix and the sensitizer to the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system (5) through the emulsion matrix conveying pipe (2) and the sensitizer conveying pipe (4) respectively; (III) pumping the emulsion matrix and the sensitizer to the mixing generator (9) through the medicine conveying pipe (6) by the mixed emulsion explosive pumping system (5) to mix them sufficiently to generate the emulsion explosive, and conveying the quick solidification foam buffer material to the mixing generator (9) through the quick solidification foam buffer material conveying pipe (8) by using the internal pressure of the tank; (IV) directly injecting the emulsion explosive and the quick solidification foam buffer material output from the mixing generator (9) into the blast hole simultaneously.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The quick solidification foam buffer material passes through the first pipe in the mixing generator (9) where the flow adjusting device (10) is arranged, and the emulsion matrix and the sensitizer pass through the second pipe in the mixing generator (9) and sequentially pass through the first static mixing unit (11) and the second static mixing unit (12) to mix them sufficiently.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The quick solidification foam buffer material is a polyurethane foam material with a catalyst film wrapped outside.

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