A driving circuit and a method of operating the same

Abstract

The application discloses a driving circuit and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of driving circuits. The driving circuit comprises a pre-driving circuit and a power structure. The power structure comprises a signal connection end, a voltage stabilizer, a one-way flow director, a current limiter, a surge detector and a power tube. The pre-driving circuit is used for receiving an output control signal sent by a front-stage circuit and determining an electrical state of the signal connection end according to the output control signal. The signal connection end is connected with a gate of the power tube. A positive pole of a power circuit is connected with the gate of the power tube through the voltage stabilizer. The one-way flow director is arranged between the signal connection end and the voltage stabilizer. The surge detector enables the pre-driving circuit to change the electrical state of the signal connection end. The application adds corresponding circuit structures to the power tube on the basis of an existing driving circuit, so that the power tube has the function of surge release, and the space occupation is reduced while the surge protection is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit safety, and in particular to a driving circuit and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, electrical circuits have become increasingly complex, making circuit maintenance and repair more and more difficult. Therefore, ensuring the stability of circuit operation is increasingly valued by industry technicians.

[0003] Surges in a circuit can cause a rapid increase in current within a short period. Some circuits with smaller design capacities may be damaged by surges. Typically, surges can cause damage to electronic components through direct or inductive coupling, forming impact overvoltages; this type of surge is called a lightning surge. Surges can also occur within the power grid, such as when switches are turned on or off, or when sudden faults occur, generating high-frequency, short-duration, and large-amplitude surge voltages that can also damage electronic components. Surges can also be caused by electrostatic discharge. Regardless of the type, surges can cause irreparable damage to the circuit.

[0004] In the prior art, if surge protection is to be provided for the drive circuit in the circuit, a separate surge protection circuit needs to be set up next to the drive circuit, which occupies a large space on the circuit board and is not conducive to the miniaturization of the device. Therefore, how to achieve surge protection for the drive circuit while ensuring low space occupation is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a driving circuit and its operating method to solve the problem that surge protection and low space occupation are mutually exclusive in the prior art driving circuit.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a driving circuit, including a pre-drive circuit and a power structure;

[0007] The power structure includes a signal connection terminal, a voltage regulator, a one-way current guide, a current limiter, a surge detector, and a power transistor;

[0008] The pre-drive circuit is used to receive the output control signal sent by the preceding circuit and determine the electrical state of the signal connection terminal according to the output control signal.

[0009] The signal connection terminal is connected to the gate of the power transistor;

[0010] The positive terminal of the power circuit is connected to the gate of the power transistor through the voltage regulator;

[0011] The unidirectional current guide and the signal connection terminal are grounded through the current limiter;

[0012] The unidirectional current guide is disposed between the signal connection terminal and the voltage regulator;

[0013] The surge detector determines the surge state of the power circuit through the potential information between the unidirectional current guide and the voltage regulator, and sends a surge feedback signal to the pre-drive circuit according to the surge state, so that the pre-drive circuit changes the electrical state of the signal connection terminal.

[0014] Optionally, in the driving circuit, the driving circuit further includes an overcurrent protection circuit, and the power structure further includes an overcurrent detection circuit;

[0015] The overcurrent detection circuit includes a shunt transistor mirrored with the power transistor, a sampling resistor connected in series with the shunt transistor, and an overcurrent processor for acquiring the voltage signal of the sampling resistor and determining the overcurrent status information of the power circuit based on the voltage signal.

[0016] The overcurrent protection circuit is used to perform overcurrent protection based on the overcurrent status information.

[0017] Optionally, in the driving circuit, the power structure further includes a voltage drop resistor;

[0018] The first end of the voltage drop resistor is connected between the unidirectional current conductor and the voltage regulator, and the second end of the voltage drop resistor is grounded.

[0019] Optionally, in the driving circuit, the power structure further includes a voltage drop regulator diode connected in parallel with the voltage drop resistor;

[0020] The positive terminal of the voltage drop regulator diode is grounded.

[0021] Optionally, in the driving circuit, the power structure further includes a current-limiting Zener diode;

[0022] The current-limiting Zener diode is connected in parallel with the current limiter, and the positive terminal of the current-limiting Zener diode is grounded.

[0023] Optionally, in the driving circuit, the voltage regulator is a group of Zener diodes;

[0024] The Zener diode group includes multiple Zener diodes connected in series;

[0025] The positive terminal of the Zener diode group is connected to the unidirectional current conductor, and the negative terminal of the Zener diode group is connected to the power circuit.

[0026] Optionally, in the driving circuit, the unidirectional current guide is a diode;

[0027] The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the voltage regulator, and the negative terminal is connected to the signal connection terminal.

[0028] Optionally, in the driving circuit, the power structure further includes a body diode;

[0029] The positive terminal of the body diode is grounded, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power circuit.

[0030] A method of operating a driving circuit, wherein the method of operating the driving circuit uses any of the driving circuits described above, includes:

[0031] Receive the potential information between the unidirectional current guide and the voltage regulator, as well as the electrical state of the signal connection terminal;

[0032] The surge state of the power circuit is determined based on the potential information;

[0033] When a surge occurs in the power circuit and the electrical state is low, a high-impedance switching signal is sent to the pre-drive circuit to switch the electrical state of the signal connection terminal to a high-impedance state.

[0034] Optionally, in the operation method of the driving circuit, when the driving circuit further includes the overcurrent protection circuit and the power structure further includes the overcurrent detection circuit, after determining the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information, the method further includes:

[0035] The driving circuit provided by this invention includes a pre-drive circuit and a power structure. The power structure includes a signal connection terminal, a voltage regulator, a one-way current guide, a current limiter, a surge detector, and a power transistor. The pre-drive circuit receives an output control signal sent by a preceding circuit and determines the electrical state of the signal connection terminal based on the output control signal. The signal connection terminal is connected to the gate of the power transistor. The positive terminal of the power circuit is connected to the gate of the power transistor through the voltage regulator. The one-way current guide and the signal connection terminal are grounded through the current limiter. The one-way current guide is disposed between the signal connection terminal and the voltage regulator. The surge detector determines the surge state of the power circuit through the potential information between the one-way current guide and the voltage regulator, and sends a surge feedback signal to the pre-drive circuit based on the surge state, causing the pre-drive circuit to change the electrical state of the signal connection terminal.

[0036] This invention introduces a new branch from the positive terminal of the power circuit, connected to the gate of the power transistor via a voltage regulator. When a surge occurs in the power circuit, the voltage rise caused by the surge is conducted through the voltage regulator to the gate of the power transistor, causing the power transistor to switch to the conducting state. Simultaneously, a surge detector adjusts the electrical state of the signal connection terminal, allowing the surge energy in the power circuit to be rapidly released through the conducting power transistor, thus achieving surge protection for the drive circuit. Furthermore, it prevents backflow of electrical signals from the pre-drive circuit to the voltage regulator between the signal connection terminal and the voltage regulator, thus avoiding impacting the circuit's operational stability. This invention adds a corresponding circuit structure to the power transistor based on existing drive circuits, enabling the power transistor to also perform surge release functions, avoiding the need for a separate surge release circuit, greatly improving the integration of circuit functions, and reducing space occupation while achieving surge protection. This invention also provides a method for operating a drive circuit with the above-mentioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the driving circuit provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A circuit connection diagram of the power structure of a specific embodiment of the driving circuit provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another specific embodiment of the driving circuit provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 A circuit connection diagram of the power structure of another specific embodiment of the driving circuit provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the operating method of the driving circuit provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the working device of the driving circuit provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The core of this invention is to provide a driving circuit, the structural schematic diagram of one specific embodiment of which is shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it is referred to as Specific Implementation Method 1, which includes a pre-drive circuit 10 and a power structure 20;

[0046] The power structure 20 includes a signal connection terminal Pe, a voltage regulator, a unidirectional current guide Dx, a current limiter R1, a surge detector Co1, and a power transistor M1;

[0047] The pre-drive circuit 10 is used to receive the output control signal sent by the preceding circuit and determine the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe according to the output control signal.

[0048] The signal connection terminal Pe is connected to the gate of the power transistor M1.

[0049] The positive terminal of the power circuit is connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 through the voltage regulator;

[0050] The unidirectional current guide Dx and the signal connection terminal Pe are grounded through the current limiter R1;

[0051] The unidirectional current guide Dx is disposed between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator;

[0052] The surge detector Co1 determines the surge state of the power circuit through the potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, and sends a surge feedback signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 according to the surge state, so that the pre-drive circuit 10 changes the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the driving circuit of the present invention. Figure 2 A further schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the power structure 20 is provided.

[0054] The electrical states of the signal connection terminal Pe may include a high-impedance state, a low-level state, and a high-level state. Of course, it can also be further subdivided into other states according to actual needs, which are not limited here.

[0055] Of course, as a preferred embodiment, the power structure 20 also includes a voltage drop resistor R2;

[0056] The first end of the voltage drop resistor R2 is connected between the unidirectional current conductor Dx and the voltage regulator, and the second end of the voltage drop resistor R2 is grounded.

[0057] Adding the voltage drop resistor R2 can prevent the potential of the point between the unidirectional current conductor Dx and the voltage regulator from being too high, which could damage the downstream circuit and improve the working stability of the circuit.

[0058] Furthermore, the power structure 20 also includes a voltage drop regulator diode Ds connected in parallel with the voltage drop resistor R2;

[0059] The positive terminal of the voltage drop regulator diode Ds is grounded.

[0060] After adding the voltage drop regulator diode Ds, the potential at the point between the unidirectional current conductor Dx and the regulator will not change drastically, further ensuring the surge detector Co1's detection of surges. At the same time, it avoids damage to the circuit caused by rapid voltage rises and falls, and improves the reliability of the circuit.

[0061] In addition, the power structure 20 also includes a current-limiting Zener diode Dg;

[0062] The current-limiting Zener diode Dg is connected in parallel with the current limiter R1, and the positive terminal of the current-limiting Zener diode Dg is grounded.

[0063] Adding the current-limiting Zener diode Dg further avoids voltage surges in the current limiter R1, improving circuit stability. In a preferred embodiment, the current limiter R1 is a current-limiting resistor, such as... Figure 2 As shown, other elements may also be used, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0064] In one specific implementation, the voltage regulator is a group of Zener diodes;

[0065] The Zener diode group includes multiple Zener diodes connected in series;

[0066] The positive terminal of the Zener diode group is connected to the unidirectional current guide Dx, and the negative terminal of the Zener diode group is connected to the power circuit.

[0067] By using the Zener diode as a component of the voltage regulator, its current can vary over a wide range while its voltage remains essentially constant. This effectively suppresses the problem of the gate voltage of the power transistor M1 rising rapidly with the power circuit, which could lead to the failure of the power transistor M1. Furthermore, considering that the power transistor M1 is a switching transistor, and the open-circuit voltage of a switching transistor is typically small, multiple Zener diodes are connected in series to further improve the versatility of the technical solution of this invention. This further reduces the voltage variation at the gate of the power transistor M1. Of course, the specific number of Zener diodes can be determined according to the actual situation, and this invention does not limit it.

[0068] Furthermore, the unidirectional current guide Dx is a diode;

[0069] The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the voltage regulator, and the negative terminal is connected to the signal connection terminal Pe.

[0070] The diode has a simple structure, high stability, and occupies a small circuit area, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the device. It can prevent the electrical signal sent from the pre-drive circuit 10 to the power structure 20 from being directly reversed to the power circuit through the voltage regulator.

[0071] Considering that surges in a circuit can take many forms, the power structure 20 also includes a body diode Db;

[0072] The positive terminal of the body diode Db is grounded, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power circuit.

[0073] The body diode Db can block current flowing in the same direction as the power circuit, but it does not obstruct surges propagating in the negative direction at all. That is, negative surges in the circuit can be directly released through the body diode Db, avoiding the impact of negative surges on the circuit.

[0074] The driving circuit provided by this invention includes a pre-drive circuit 10 and a power structure 20. The power structure 20 includes a signal connection terminal Pe, a voltage regulator, a one-way current conductor Dx, a current limiter R1, a surge detector Co1, and a power transistor M1. The pre-drive circuit 10 receives an output control signal sent by the preceding circuit and determines the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe based on the output control signal. The signal connection terminal Pe is connected to the gate of the power transistor M1. The positive terminal of the power circuit is connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 through the voltage regulator. The one-way current conductor Dx and the signal connection terminal Pe are grounded through the current limiter R1. The one-way current conductor Dx is disposed between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator. The surge detector Co1 determines the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information between the one-way current conductor Dx and the voltage regulator, and sends a surge feedback signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 based on the surge state, causing the pre-drive circuit 10 to change the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe. This invention introduces a new branch from the positive terminal of the power circuit, connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 via a voltage regulator. When a surge occurs in the power circuit, the voltage rise caused by the surge is conducted through the voltage regulator to the gate of the power transistor M1, causing M1 to switch to the conducting state. Simultaneously, the surge detector Co1 adjusts the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe, allowing the surge energy in the power circuit to be quickly released through the conducting power transistor M1, thus achieving surge protection for the drive circuit. Furthermore, it prevents the electrical signal from the pre-drive circuit 10 from flowing back to the voltage regulator between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator, thus avoiding affecting the stability of the circuit. This invention adds a corresponding circuit structure to the power transistor M1 based on the existing drive circuit, enabling M1 to also perform surge release functions, avoiding the need for a separate surge release circuit, greatly improving the integration of circuit functions, and reducing space occupation while achieving surge protection.

[0075] Based on Implementation Method 1, an overcurrent detection function is further added to the drive circuit, resulting in Implementation Method 2, the structural diagram of which is shown below. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it includes a pre-drive circuit 10 and a power structure 20;

[0076] The power structure 20 includes a signal connection terminal Pe, a voltage regulator, a unidirectional current guide Dx, a current limiter R1, a surge detector Co1, and a power transistor M1;

[0077] The pre-drive circuit 10 is used to receive the output control signal sent by the preceding circuit and determine the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe according to the output control signal.

[0078] The signal connection terminal Pe is connected to the gate of the power transistor M1.

[0079] The positive terminal of the power circuit is connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 through the voltage regulator;

[0080] The unidirectional current guide Dx and the signal connection terminal Pe are grounded through the current limiter R1;

[0081] The unidirectional current guide Dx is disposed between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator;

[0082] The surge detector Co1 determines the surge state of the power circuit through the potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, and sends a surge feedback signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 according to the surge state, so that the pre-drive circuit 10 changes the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe.

[0083] The drive circuit also includes an overcurrent protection circuit 30, and the power structure 20 also includes an overcurrent detection circuit.

[0084] The overcurrent detection circuit includes a shunt transistor M2 mirrored with the power transistor M1, a sampling resistor Rm connected in series with the shunt transistor, and an overcurrent processor Co2 for acquiring the voltage signal of the sampling resistor Rm and determining the overcurrent status information of the power circuit based on the voltage signal.

[0085] The overcurrent protection circuit 30 is used to perform overcurrent protection based on the overcurrent status information.

[0086] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive circuit in this specific embodiment. Figure 4 A further schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the power structure 20 is provided.

[0087] A smaller current, proportional to that of the power transistor M1, flows through a shunt transistor M2 positioned mirror-image to the power transistor M1. The current in the shunt transistor M2 can be calculated by monitoring the voltage of the sampling resistor Rm, and thus the current in the power transistor M1 can be deduced.

[0088] In this specific embodiment, an overcurrent protection circuit 30 is further added to the driving circuit. Correspondingly, an overcurrent detection current is also added to the power structure 20 to detect whether an overcurrent condition occurs in the power circuit. Once an overcurrent phenomenon is detected in the circuit, the corresponding overcurrent status information is sent to the overcurrent protection circuit 30 in a timely manner to activate the overcurrent protection circuit 30 and prevent the overcurrent phenomenon in the power circuit from damaging the circuit.

[0089] The following explains the process by which the drive circuit handles surges during actual operation:

[0090] 1. When the drive circuit is not working;

[0091] At this time, the pre-drive circuit 10 is not working, and the signal connection terminal Pe is in a high-impedance state (that is, it is open circuit). After the surge occurs in the power circuit, the voltage regulator causes the power transistor M1 to conduct, releasing the surge and realizing surge protection.

[0092] 2. When the driving circuit is working and the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe is at a high level;

[0093] Since the signal connection terminal Pe is itself at a high level, that is, the power transistor M1 is always in the conducting state, the surge can be directly released through the power transistor M1. However, it should be noted that the current of the overcurrent detection circuit will also increase at this time. In order to avoid misjudging the overcurrent situation, the overcurrent detection circuit should be turned off after a surge is detected.

[0094] 3. When the driving circuit is working and the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe is in a high-impedance state;

[0095] At this point, it is basically the same as in case 1. The voltage regulator causes the power transistor M1 to conduct, releasing the surge and achieving surge protection. However, it is still necessary to turn off the overcurrent detection circuit to avoid misjudging it as an overcurrent.

[0096] 4. When the driving circuit is working and the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe is at a low level;

[0097] The power transistor M1 is in the off state, but after receiving a surge signal that causes the gate voltage to rise, the power transistor M1 turns on to release the surge and realize surge protection, while simultaneously shutting down the overcurrent detection circuit.

[0098] The present invention also provides a method for operating a driving circuit, and a flowchart of one specific embodiment is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the operation method of the driving circuit using any of the driving circuits described above includes:

[0099] S101: Receive the potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, as well as the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe.

[0100] S102: Determine the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information.

[0101] S103: When a surge occurs in the power circuit and the electrical state is low, a high-impedance switching signal is sent to the pre-drive circuit 10 to switch the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe to a high-impedance state.

[0102] The operation method of the driving circuit in this specific embodiment corresponds to that of the driving circuit described above. Please refer to the previous text for details, which will not be elaborated here.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment, when the driving circuit further includes the overcurrent protection circuit 30 and the power structure 20 further includes the overcurrent detection circuit (please refer to the specific embodiment two above), after determining the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information, the following is also included:

[0104] When a surge occurs in the power circuit, the overcurrent detection circuit is shut down.

[0105] The operating method of the driving circuit provided by the present invention uses any of the driving circuits described above, including receiving potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, and the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe; determining the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information; when a surge occurs in the power circuit and the electrical state is low, sending a high-impedance switching signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 to switch the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe to a high-impedance state. This invention introduces a new branch from the positive terminal of the power circuit, connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 via a voltage regulator. When a surge occurs in the power circuit, the voltage rise caused by the surge is conducted through the voltage regulator to the gate of the power transistor M1, causing M1 to switch to the conducting state. Simultaneously, the surge detector Co1 adjusts the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe, allowing the surge energy in the power circuit to be quickly released through the conducting power transistor M1, thus achieving surge protection for the drive circuit. Furthermore, it prevents the electrical signal from the pre-drive circuit 10 from flowing back to the voltage regulator between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator, thus avoiding affecting the stability of the circuit. This invention adds a corresponding circuit structure to the power transistor M1 based on the existing drive circuit, enabling M1 to also perform surge release functions, avoiding the need for a separate surge release circuit, greatly improving the integration of circuit functions, and reducing space occupation while achieving surge protection.

[0106] The working device of the driving circuit provided in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The working device of the driving circuit described below and the working method of the driving circuit described above can be referred to each other.

[0107] Figure 6 The structural block diagram of the working device of the driving circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 6 The working device of the drive circuit may include:

[0108] The receiving module 100 is used to receive the potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, as well as the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe;

[0109] Surge determination module 200 is used to determine the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information;

[0110] The electrical switching module 300 is used to send a high-impedance switching signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 when a surge occurs in the power circuit and the electrical state is low, so that the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe is switched to a high-impedance state.

[0111] In a preferred embodiment, when the drive circuit further includes the overcurrent protection circuit 30 and the power structure 20 further includes the overcurrent detection circuit, the surge determination module 200 further includes:

[0112] An overcurrent shutdown unit is used to shut down the overcurrent detection circuit when a surge occurs in the power circuit.

[0113] The operating device of the driving circuit provided by the present invention includes a receiving module 100 for receiving potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, and the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe; a surge determination module 200 for determining the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information; and an electrical switching module 300 for sending a high-impedance switching signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 when a surge occurs in the power circuit and the electrical state is low, so that the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe is switched to a high-impedance state. This invention introduces a new branch from the positive terminal of the power circuit, connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 via a voltage regulator. When a surge occurs in the power circuit, the voltage rise caused by the surge is conducted through the voltage regulator to the gate of the power transistor M1, causing M1 to switch to the conducting state. Simultaneously, the surge detector Co1 adjusts the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe, allowing the surge energy in the power circuit to be quickly released through the conducting power transistor M1, thus achieving surge protection for the drive circuit. Furthermore, it prevents the electrical signal from the pre-drive circuit 10 from flowing back to the voltage regulator between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator, thus avoiding affecting the stability of the circuit. This invention adds a corresponding circuit structure to the power transistor M1 based on the existing drive circuit, enabling M1 to also perform surge release functions, avoiding the need for a separate surge release circuit, greatly improving the integration of circuit functions, and reducing space occupation while achieving surge protection.

[0114] The working device of the driving circuit in this embodiment is used to implement the aforementioned driving circuit working method. Therefore, the specific implementation of the working device of the driving circuit can be found in the embodiment section of the driving circuit working method above. For example, the receiving module 100, the surge determination module 200, and the electrical switching module 300 are respectively used to implement steps S101, S102, and S103 in the above driving circuit working method. Therefore, the specific implementation can be referred to the description of the corresponding embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] The present invention also provides a working device for a driving circuit, comprising:

[0116] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0117] A processor is configured to implement the steps of the driving circuit operation method described above when executing the computer program. The driving circuit operation method provided by the present invention uses any of the driving circuits described above, including receiving potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, and the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe; determining the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information; when a surge occurs in the power circuit and the electrical state is low, sending a high-impedance switching signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 to switch the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe to a high-impedance state. This invention introduces a new branch from the positive terminal of the power circuit, connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 via a voltage regulator. When a surge occurs in the power circuit, the voltage rise caused by the surge is conducted through the voltage regulator to the gate of the power transistor M1, causing M1 to switch to the conducting state. Simultaneously, the surge detector Co1 adjusts the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe, allowing the surge energy in the power circuit to be quickly released through the conducting power transistor M1, thus achieving surge protection for the drive circuit. Furthermore, it prevents the electrical signal from the pre-drive circuit 10 from flowing back to the voltage regulator between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator, thus avoiding affecting the stability of the circuit. This invention adds a corresponding circuit structure to the power transistor M1 based on the existing drive circuit, enabling M1 to also perform surge release functions, avoiding the need for a separate surge release circuit, greatly improving the integration of circuit functions, and reducing space occupation while achieving surge protection.

[0118] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the operating method of any of the aforementioned drive circuits. The operating method of the drive circuit provided by this invention uses any of the aforementioned drive circuits, including receiving potential information between the unidirectional current guide Dx and the voltage regulator, and the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe; determining the surge state of the power circuit based on the potential information; and when a surge occurs in the power circuit and the electrical state is low, sending a high-impedance switching signal to the pre-drive circuit 10 to switch the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe to a high-impedance state. This invention introduces a new branch from the positive terminal of the power circuit, connected to the gate of the power transistor M1 via a voltage regulator. When a surge occurs in the power circuit, the voltage rise caused by the surge is conducted through the voltage regulator to the gate of the power transistor M1, causing M1 to switch to the conducting state. Simultaneously, the surge detector Co1 adjusts the electrical state of the signal connection terminal Pe, allowing the surge energy in the power circuit to be quickly released through the conducting power transistor M1, thus achieving surge protection for the drive circuit. Furthermore, it prevents the electrical signal from the pre-drive circuit 10 from flowing back to the voltage regulator between the signal connection terminal Pe and the voltage regulator, thus avoiding affecting the stability of the circuit. This invention adds a corresponding circuit structure to the power transistor M1 based on the existing drive circuit, enabling M1 to also perform surge release functions, avoiding the need for a separate surge release circuit, greatly improving the integration of circuit functions, and reducing space occupation while achieving surge protection.

[0119] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section.

[0120] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0122] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0123] The driving circuit and its working method provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive circuit characterized by comprising: The drive circuit comprises a pre-driving circuit and a power structure; The power structure comprises a signal connection terminal, a voltage stabilizer, a unidirectional flow director, a current limiter, a surge detector and a power tube; The pre-driving circuit is configured to receive an output control signal sent by a front-stage circuit and determine an electrical state of the signal connection terminal according to the output control signal; The signal connection terminal is connected to a gate of the power tube; A positive pole of a power circuit is connected to the gate of the power tube through the voltage stabilizer; The unidirectional flow director and the signal connection terminal are grounded through the current limiter; The unidirectional flow director is arranged between the signal connection terminal and the voltage stabilizer; The surge detector determines a surge state of the power circuit according to potential information between the unidirectional flow director and the voltage stabilizer, and sends a surge feedback signal to the pre-driving circuit according to the surge state, so that the pre-driving circuit changes the electrical state of the signal connection terminal; The voltage stabilizer is a voltage stabilizing diode group; The voltage stabilizing diode group comprises a plurality of voltage stabilizing diodes connected in series; A positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode group is connected to the unidirectional flow director, and a negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode group is connected to the power circuit; The unidirectional flow director is a diode; A positive pole of the diode is connected to the voltage stabilizer, and a negative pole of the diode is connected to the signal connection terminal.

2. The drive circuit of claim 1, wherein The drive circuit further comprises an overcurrent protection circuit, and the power structure further comprises an overcurrent detection circuit; The overcurrent detection circuit comprises a shunt triode arranged in mirror image with the power tube, a sampling resistor connected in series with the shunt triode, and an overcurrent processor configured to collect a voltage signal of the sampling resistor and determine overcurrent state information of the power circuit according to the voltage signal; The overcurrent protection circuit is configured to perform overcurrent protection according to the overcurrent state information.

3. The drive circuit of claim 1, wherein The power structure further comprises a voltage drop resistor; A first end of the voltage drop resistor is connected between the unidirectional flow director and the voltage stabilizer, and a second end of the voltage drop resistor is grounded.

4. The drive circuit of claim 3, wherein The power structure further comprises a voltage drop voltage stabilizing diode connected in parallel with the voltage drop resistor; A positive pole of the voltage drop voltage stabilizing diode is grounded.

5. The drive circuit of claim 1, wherein, The power structure further comprises a current limiting voltage stabilizing diode; The current limiting voltage stabilizing diode is connected in parallel with the current limiter, and a positive pole of the current limiting voltage stabilizing diode is grounded.

6. The drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The power structure further comprises a body diode; A positive pole of the body diode is grounded, and a negative pole of the body diode is connected to a positive pole of the power circuit.

7. A method of operating a drive circuit, characterized by The working method of the drive circuit uses the drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises: receiving potential information between the unidirectional flow director and the voltage stabilizer and an electrical state of the signal connection terminal; determining a surge state of the power circuit according to the potential information; when the power circuit has a surge and the electrical state is a low level, sending a high resistance state switching signal to the pre-driving circuit, so that the electrical state of the signal connection terminal is switched to a high resistance state.

8. The method of operating a drive circuit according to claim 7, wherein, When the drive circuit further comprises an overcurrent protection circuit, and the power structure further comprises an overcurrent detection circuit, after determining the surge state of the power circuit according to the potential information, the method further comprises: when the power circuit has a surge, closing the overcurrent detection circuit.

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