Vibration device and equipment including the vibration device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a vibration device and an apparatus including the vibration device, the vibration device including: a vibration generator, the vibration generator including a vibration portion, wherein the vibration portion includes: a plurality of inorganic portions, the plurality of inorganic portions having piezoelectric properties and the plurality of inorganic portions being spaced apart from each other; and an organic portion, the organic portion being disposed between at least two of the plurality of inorganic portions, the organic portion having non-piezoelectric properties. The organic portion includes a first organic portion and a second organic portion, the first organic portion being disposed between one of the plurality of inorganic portions and the second organic portion. In addition, the elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a vibration device and an apparatus including the same, and more particularly, to an apparatus including a vibration generating device having improved vibration characteristics. Background Art

[0002] The display device displays images on a display panel and should be equipped with a separate speaker to provide sound. When the speaker is set in the display device, the speaker takes up space, so there may be limitations in that the design and spatial arrangement of the display device may be constrained.

[0003] Because the sound output from the speaker moves backward or downward from the display device, the sound quality may be degraded due to interference between the sound reflected from the wall or the ground. Therefore, it may be difficult to accurately transmit the sound and the immersive experience of the viewer or user may be reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the inventors of the present disclosure recognized the above-mentioned problems and other limitations associated with the related art, and conducted various experiments to realize a vibration device in which sound quality can be improved and sound pressure level characteristics can be improved. Through various experiments, the inventors invented a device having a new structure including a vibration device capable of improving sound quality and sound pressure level characteristics.

[0005] Accordingly, the present disclosure is directed to a vibration device and an apparatus including the same that substantially obviate one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

[0006] An aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a vibration device capable of generating sound by vibrating a display panel and having improved sound pressure level characteristics, and an apparatus including the same.

[0007] Additional advantages and features of the present disclosure will be described in part in the following description and will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or from practice of the present disclosure. The objectives and other advantages of the present disclosure may be realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and claims and the accompanying drawings.

[0008] To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purposes of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, a vibration device includes: a vibration generator, which includes a vibration part, wherein the vibration part includes: a plurality of inorganic parts, the plurality of inorganic parts having piezoelectric properties, the plurality of inorganic parts being spaced apart from each other; and an organic part, the organic part being located between at least two of the plurality of inorganic parts, the organic part having non-piezoelectric properties, and the organic part including a first organic part and a second organic part, the first organic part being disposed between one of the plurality of inorganic parts and the second organic part, and the elastic modulus of the first organic part being lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic part.

[0009] On the other hand, a vibration device includes: a vibration generator, the vibration generator includes a vibration part, wherein the vibration part includes: a plurality of inorganic parts, the plurality of inorganic parts have piezoelectric properties, and the plurality of inorganic parts are spaced apart from each other; and an organic part, the organic part surrounds the plurality of inorganic parts, the organic part has non-piezoelectric properties, the organic part includes a first organic part directly contacting and surrounding the plurality of inorganic parts and a second organic part surrounding the outside of the first organic part, and the elastic modulus of the first organic part is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic part.

[0010] On the other hand, the apparatus includes: a vibrating object and a vibration generating device arranged on a surface of the vibrating object, wherein the vibration generating device includes: a vibration generator, which includes a vibrating part, the vibrating part includes: a plurality of inorganic parts, the plurality of inorganic parts have piezoelectric properties, and the plurality of inorganic parts are spaced apart from each other; and an organic part, the organic part is located between at least two of the plurality of inorganic parts, the organic part has non-piezoelectric properties, the organic part includes a first organic part and a second organic part, the first organic part is arranged between one of the plurality of inorganic parts and the second organic part, and the elastic modulus of the first organic part is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic part.

[0011] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present disclosure are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure as claimed.

[0012] Note 1. A vibration device, comprising:

[0013] a vibration generator, the vibration generator comprising a vibration portion;

[0014] Wherein, the vibration part includes:

[0015] a plurality of inorganic portions having piezoelectric properties, the plurality of inorganic portions being spaced apart from each other; and

[0016] an organic portion located between at least two of the plurality of inorganic portions, the organic portion having non-piezoelectric properties,

[0017] The organic portion includes a first organic portion and a second organic portion, wherein the first organic portion is disposed between one of the plurality of inorganic portions and the second organic portion.

[0018] The elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

[0019] Supplementary note 2. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 1, wherein the first organic portion includes at least one of an acrylic-based polymer and a silicon-based polymer.

[0020] Supplementary note 3. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 1, wherein the second organic portion includes an epoxy polymer.

[0021] Supplementary note 4. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 1, wherein the organic portion is one of a plurality of organic portions, and

[0022] The plurality of inorganic parts and the plurality of organic parts are arranged alternately and repeatedly.

[0023] Supplementary note 5. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 4, wherein the organic portion has a width in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of inorganic portions, and

[0024] The first organic portion occupies approximately 40% to 80% of a width of the organic portion, and the second organic portion occupies approximately 20% to 60% of a width of the organic portion.

[0025] Supplementary note 6. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 4, wherein the organic portion further includes a third organic portion provided between the first organic portion and the second organic portion.

[0026] Supplementary note 7. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 6, wherein the elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the third organic portion, and the elastic modulus of the third organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

[0027] Supplementary note 8. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 6, wherein the elastic modulus of the third organic portion is equal to or greater than 0.1 GPa and less than 2.0 GPa.

[0028] Supplementary Note 9. The vibration device according to Supplementary Note 6, wherein the organic portion has a width in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of inorganic portions,

[0029] wherein the first organic portion occupies approximately 20% of the width of the organic portion,

[0030] wherein the second organic portion occupies approximately 20% to 60% of the width of the organic portion, and

[0031] The third organic portion occupies approximately 20% to 60% of a width of the organic portion.

[0032] Supplementary note 10. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 1, wherein the elastic modulus of the first organic portion is equal to or less than 0.1 GPa.

[0033] Supplementary note 11. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 1, wherein the elastic modulus of the second organic portion is equal to or greater than 2.0 GPa.

[0034] Supplementary note 12. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 1, wherein the plurality of inorganic parts include a plurality of piezoelectric pillars.

[0035] Supplementary note 13. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 1, wherein the thickness of the first organic portion is 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0036] Supplement 14. The vibration device according to Supplement 1, wherein the vibration generator further comprises:

[0037] a first protective member provided at a first surface of the vibration portion; and

[0038] A second protective member is provided at a second surface of the vibration portion.

[0039] Supplement 15. The vibration device according to Supplement 14, wherein the vibration generator further comprises:

[0040] a first electrode portion provided between the vibration portion and the first protection member; and

[0041] A second electrode portion is provided between the vibration portion and the second protection member.

[0042] Supplement 16. The vibration device according to Supplement 1, further comprising:

[0043] a pair of first organic moieties; and

[0044] A pair of third organic parts,

[0045] The second organic portion is provided between the pair of third organic portions, and the pair of third organic portions is provided between the pair of first organic portions.

[0046] Supplementary note 17. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 16, wherein the elastic modulus of the pair of third organic portions is greater than the elastic modulus of the first organic portion and the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

[0047] Note 18. A vibration device, comprising:

[0048] a vibration generator, the vibration generator comprising a vibration portion;

[0049] Wherein, the vibration part includes:

[0050] a plurality of inorganic portions having piezoelectric properties and spaced apart from each other; and

[0051] an organic portion surrounding the plurality of inorganic portions and having non-piezoelectric properties,

[0052] The organic portion includes a first organic portion directly contacting and surrounding the plurality of inorganic portions and a second organic portion surrounding the outside of the first organic portion.

[0053] The elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

[0054] Supplementary note 19. The vibration device according to Supplementary note 18, wherein the thickness of the first organic portion is 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0055] Note 20. A device comprising:

[0056] vibrating objects; and

[0057] The vibration device according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 19, wherein the vibration device is provided on one surface of the vibration object.

[0058] Note 21. The device according to Note 20, further comprising:

[0059] A connecting member is provided between the vibration object and the vibration device.

[0060] Note 22. The device according to Note 20, wherein the vibrating object includes one or more of a display panel having pixels configured to display an image, a screen panel onto which an image is projected from a display device, a lighting panel, a vibration plate, wood, plastic, glass, cloth, interior materials of a vehicle, glass windows of a vehicle, interior ceilings of a building, glass windows of a building, interior materials of an aircraft, and glass windows of an aircraft.

[0061] Note 23. The device according to Note 22, further comprising:

[0062] A supporting member is provided at a rear surface of the display panel.

[0063] Note 24. A display device, comprising:

[0064] a display panel configured to display an image;

[0065] an adhesive member disposed on a rear surface of the display panel; and

[0066] A vibration generator, comprising:

[0067] a plurality of inorganic portions having piezoelectric properties, the plurality of inorganic portions being spaced apart from each other; and

[0068] a plurality of organic portions, the plurality of organic portions having non-piezoelectric properties,

[0069] wherein the plurality of organic parts include a first organic part and a second organic part, the first organic part being disposed between one of the plurality of inorganic parts and the second organic part;

[0070] wherein the elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion, and

[0071] Wherein, the adhesive member is provided between the display panel and the vibration generator.

[0072] Supplement 25. The display device according to Supplement 24, further comprising:

[0073] a first protective member; and

[0074] a second protective member,

[0075] Wherein, the vibration generator is provided between the first protection member and the second protection member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0076] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[0077] Figure 1 A display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0078] Figure 2 According to the embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 1 The cross-sectional view is taken along line II'.

[0079] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vibration device connected to a display panel according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0080] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a vibration portion according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0081] 5A to 5D A method of manufacturing a vibration portion according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0082] Figures 6A to 6E A method of manufacturing a vibration portion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0083] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vibration device connected to a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0084] Figure 8 is a perspective view of a vibration portion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0085] Figure 9A and Figure 9B is a perspective view of a vibration portion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0086] Figure 10 Illustrate the manufacturing of an embodiment according to the present disclosure Figure 9A and Figure 9B The vibration part of the method.

[0087] Figure 11A and Figure 11B are photographs of vibration portions according to experimental examples and according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, taken through a scanning electron microscope.

[0088] Figure 12A and Figure 12B Experimental conditions of sound pressure level characteristics of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0089] Figure 13 Illustrated in Figure 12A and Figure 12B The sound output characteristics measured in an experimental environment.

[0090] Throughout the drawings and detailed description, unless otherwise described, the same drawing reference numerals should be understood to refer to the same elements, features, and structures. The relative sizes and descriptions of these elements may be exaggerated for clarity, illustration, and convenience. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which may be shown in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, detailed descriptions of well-known functions or configurations associated with this document will be omitted when they are determined to be unnecessary to obscure the main points of the inventive concept. The described progression of processing steps and / or operations are examples, however, except for steps and / or operations that must occur in a specific order, the order of steps and / or operations is not limited to the order set forth herein and may be changed as known in the art. Like reference numerals always represent like elements. The names of the various elements used in the following description are selected solely for the convenience of writing the specification and may therefore differ from the names used in the actual product.

[0092] The advantages and features of the present disclosure and their implementation methods will be illustrated by the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the present disclosure is limited only by the scope of the claims.

[0093] The shapes, sizes, proportions, angles and quantities disclosed in the drawings for describing the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely examples, and therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the details illustrated. Similar reference numerals always refer to similar elements. In the following description, when a detailed description of a related known function or configuration is determined to be unnecessary to obscure the key points of the present disclosure, the detailed description will be omitted. When "including", "having" and "comprising" described in this specification are used, another component may be added unless "only" is used. Unless otherwise specified, terms in the singular may include plural forms.

[0094] When interpreting an element, even if there is no explicit description of the error range or tolerance range, the element is interpreted as including the error range or tolerance range.

[0095] When describing a positional relationship, for example, when the positional relationship between two components is described as, for example, "on," "over," "above," "under," and "beside," one or more other components may be disposed between the two components, unless more restrictive terms such as "just" or "directly" are used.

[0096] When describing temporal relationships, for example, when a temporal sequence is described as, for example, "after," "followed," "next," and "before," discontinuities may be included unless more restrictive terms such as "just," "immediately," or "directly" are used.

[0097] It will be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element, without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0098] When describing elements of the present disclosure, the terms "first," "second," "A," "B," "(a)," "(b)," etc. may be used. These terms are intended to identify corresponding elements from other elements, and the basis, order, or number of corresponding elements should not be limited by these terms. Unless otherwise specified, when an element is "connected," "coupled," or "bonded" to another element or layer, the element or layer may be not only directly connected, coupled, or bonded to the other element or layer, but also indirectly connected, coupled, or bonded to the other element or layer, with one or more intermediate elements or layers "disposed" or "interposed" between the elements or layers.

[0099] The term "at least one" should be understood to include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements. For example, the meaning of "at least one of a first element, a second element, and a third element" refers to all combinations of two or more of the first, second, and third items, as well as the first, second, or third item.

[0100] In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of display devices may include narrowly defined display devices including a display panel and a driver for driving the display panel, such as a liquid crystal module (LCM) or an organic light emitting display (OLED) module. Furthermore, examples of display devices may include complete devices (or complete sets of devices) or complete electronic devices, such as notebook computers, TVs, computer monitors, automotive equipment for vehicles or other types of equipment, or mobile electronic devices such as smartphones or electronic tablets, which are complete products (or final products) including LCM or OLED modules.

[0101] Therefore, in the present disclosure, examples of the display device may include a narrowly defined display device itself such as an LCM or OLED module, and a complete device that is an application product or an end-consumer device including the LCM or OLED module.

[0102] Depending on the situation, an LCM or OLED module including a display panel and a driver may be referred to as a display device in a narrow sense, and an electronic device as a final product including the LCM or OLED module may be referred to as a complete set. For example, a display device in a narrow sense may include a display panel such as an LCD or OLED, and a source printed circuit board (PCB) as a controller for driving the display panel. The complete set may also include an in-case PCB as an in-case controller electrically connected to the source PCB to control the complete set as a whole.

[0103] The display panel applied to the one or more embodiments can use all types of display panels such as liquid crystal display panels, organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panels, and electroluminescent display panels, but is not limited to the specific display panel that is vibrated by the sound generating device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure to output sound. In addition, the shape or size of the display panel applied to the display device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited.

[0104] For example, if the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the display panel may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels respectively arranged in a plurality of pixel areas defined by intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. In addition, the display panel may include an array substrate including a TFT as a switching element for adjusting the light transmittance of each of the plurality of pixels, an upper substrate including a color filter and / or a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the upper substrate.

[0105] In addition, if the display panel is an organic light-emitting display panel, the display panel may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels respectively arranged in a plurality of pixel areas defined by the intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. In addition, the display panel may include an array substrate including a TFT as an element for selectively applying a voltage to each of the pixels, an organic light-emitting device layer on the array substrate, and an encapsulation substrate provided on the array substrate to cover the organic light-emitting device layer. The encapsulation substrate may protect the TFT and the organic light-emitting device layer from external influences and may prevent water or oxygen from penetrating into the organic light-emitting device layer. In addition, the layer provided on the array substrate may include an inorganic light-emitting layer (e.g., a nano-sized material layer, quantum dots, etc.).

[0106] In addition, the display panel may further include a backing such as a metal plate attached to the display panel. However, the present embodiment is not limited to the metal plate, and the display panel may include another structure.

[0107] In the present disclosure, a device including a vibration device can be implemented as a user interface module, such as a central control panel in a car. For example, such a display panel can be placed between two front-seat occupants so that the sound caused by the display panel's vibration is propagated toward the interior of the vehicle. This improves the in-vehicle audio experience compared to having speakers located on the sides or edges of the vehicle's interior.

[0108] The features of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be coupled to or combined with each other in part or in whole, and may interoperate with each other in various ways and may be driven technically as those skilled in the art will fully understand. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed independently of each other, or may be performed together in a dependent relationship.

[0109] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with, for example, their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined as such herein. For example, as will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the term "part" or "unit" may apply to, for example, a separate circuit or structure, an integrated circuit, a computational block of a circuit device, or any structure configured to perform the described function.

[0110] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described through the following figures and embodiments. For ease of explanation, the proportions of the components shown in the figures are different from the actual proportions and are therefore not limited to the proportions shown in the figures. All components of each display device according to all embodiments of the present disclosure are operably connected and configured.

[0111] Figure 1 A display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated, and Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 The cross-sectional view is taken along line II'.

[0112] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a display apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a display panel 100 for displaying an image and a vibration device 200 for vibrating the display panel 100 from a rear surface (or back surface) of the display panel 100 .

[0113] The display panel 100 can display an image (e.g., an electronic image or a digital image). For example, the display panel 100 can display an image by outputting light. The display panel 100 can be any type of display panel or curved display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light-emitting display panel, a quantum dot light-emitting display panel, a micro-light-emitting diode display panel, and an electrophoretic display panel. The display panel 100 can be a flexible display panel. For example, the display panel 100 can be a flexible light-emitting display panel, a flexible electrophoretic display panel, a flexible electrowetting display panel, a flexible micro-light-emitting diode (LED) display panel, or a flexible quantum dot light-emitting display panel, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0114] The display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a display area AA for displaying an image according to driving of a plurality of pixels. In addition, the display panel 100 may further include a non-display area IA surrounding the display area AA, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0115] The display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and a light-emitting device, and may display an image according to a top emission method, a bottom emission method, or a dual emission method, depending on the structure of a pixel array layer including a plurality of pixels. In the top emission method, light generated from the pixel array layer is emitted to the front of a base substrate to display an image, and in the bottom emission method, light generated from the pixel array layer is emitted to the rear of the base substrate to display an image.

[0116] The display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a pixel array portion disposed on a display area of a substrate. The pixel array portion may include a plurality of pixels that display an image based on signals provided to signal lines. The signal lines may include, but are not limited to, gate lines, data lines, and pixel drive power lines.

[0117] Each of the multiple pixels may include a pixel circuit layer, which includes a driving thin film transistor (TFT) arranged in a pixel area formed by multiple gate lines and / or multiple data lines, an anode electrode electrically connected to the driving TFT, a light emitting device formed on the anode electrode, and a cathode electrode electrically connected to the light emitting device.

[0118] The driving TFT may be configured in a transistor region of each pixel region provided on the substrate. The driving TFT may include a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. The semiconductor layer of the TFT may include silicon such as amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), or low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, or an oxide such as indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0119] An anode electrode (or pixel electrode) may be provided in an opening region provided in each pixel region to be electrically connected to the driving TFT.

[0120] The light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include an organic light-emitting device layer formed on an anode electrode. The organic light-emitting device layer may be implemented to emit light of the same color (e.g., white light) for each pixel, or may be implemented to emit light of different colors (e.g., red, green, or blue light) for each pixel. The cathode electrode (or common electrode) may be commonly connected to the organic light-emitting device layer provided in each pixel area. For example, the organic light-emitting device layer may have a single structure including the same color for each pixel or a stacked structure including two or more structures. In another embodiment according to the present disclosure, the organic light-emitting device layer may have a stacked structure including two or more structures including two or more different colors for each pixel. The two or more structures including two or more different colors may include one or more of blue, red, yellow-green, and green, or a combination thereof, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Examples of combinations may include, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to, blue and red, red and yellow-green, red and green, and red / yellow-green / green. Furthermore, it can be applied regardless of the stacking order. The stacked structure including two or more structures having the same color or two or more different colors may further include a charge generation layer between the two or more structures. The charge generation layer may have a PN junction structure and may include an N-type charge generation layer and a P-type charge generation layer.

[0121] A light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a micro-light-emitting diode device electrically connected to each of an anode electrode and a cathode electrode. The micro-light-emitting diode device may be a light-emitting diode implemented in the form of an integrated circuit (IC) or a chip. The micro-light-emitting diode device may include a first terminal electrically connected to the anode electrode and a second terminal electrically connected to the cathode electrode. The cathode electrode may be commonly connected to the second terminal of the micro-light-emitting diode device provided in each pixel region.

[0122] An encapsulation portion may be formed on a substrate to surround the pixel array portion, thereby preventing oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting device of the pixel array portion. The encapsulation portion according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be formed as a multilayer structure in which organic material layers and inorganic material layers are alternately stacked, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The inorganic material layer may block oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting device layer of the pixel array portion. The organic material layer may be formed to have a thickness greater than that of the inorganic material layer to cover particles that may appear during the manufacturing process, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the encapsulation portion may include a first inorganic layer, an organic layer on the first inorganic layer, and a second inorganic layer on the organic layer. The organic layer may be a particle covering layer, and the term is not limited thereto. The touch panel may be disposed on the encapsulation portion, or may be disposed on the rear surface of the pixel array portion or within the pixel array portion.

[0123] The display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate may be an upper substrate or a TFT array substrate. For example, the first substrate may include a pixel array (or a display portion or a display area) having a plurality of pixels formed in a pixel area intersected by a plurality of gate lines and / or a plurality of data lines. Each of the plurality of pixels may include a TFT connected to the gate line and / or the data line, a pixel electrode connected to the TFT, and a common electrode formed adjacent to the pixel electrode and receiving a common voltage provided thereto.

[0124] The first substrate may further include a pad portion disposed on the first edge (or the non-display portion) and a gate driving circuit disposed on the second edge (or the second non-display portion).

[0125] The pad portion may provide externally provided signals to the pixel array and / or the gate drive circuit. For example, the pad portion may include a plurality of data pads connected to a plurality of data lines via a plurality of data link lines and / or a plurality of gate input pads connected to the gate drive circuit via a gate control signal line. For example, the size of the first substrate may be larger than the size of the second substrate, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0126] The gate drive circuit may be embedded (or integrated) on the second edge of the first substrate to connect to the plurality of gate lines. For example, the gate drive circuit may be implemented as a shift resistor including transistors formed by the same process as the TFTs provided in the pixel area. The gate drive circuit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may not be embedded in the upper substrate, but may be included in the panel drive circuit in the form of an integrated circuit.

[0127] The second substrate may be a lower substrate or a color filter array substrate. For example, the second substrate may include pixels, and the pixels may include an opening area overlapping with the pixel area formed in the first substrate and a color filter layer formed in the opening area. The size of the second substrate may be smaller than the size of the first substrate, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second substrate may overlap with a portion of the first substrate other than the first edge. The second substrate may be bonded to the remaining portion of the first substrate other than the first edge by a sealant, with the liquid crystal layer located between the second substrate and the first substrate.

[0128] The liquid crystal layer may be disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer may include liquid crystals, wherein an arrangement direction of liquid crystal molecules changes according to an electric field formed by a data voltage and a common voltage applied to a pixel electrode in each pixel.

[0129] A second polarization member may be attached to the lower surface of the second substrate to polarize light incident from the backlight and traveling to the liquid crystal layer. A first polarization member may be attached to the upper surface of the first substrate to polarize light emitted to the outside through the first substrate.

[0130] The display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may display an image according to light transmitted through a liquid crystal layer by driving the liquid crystal layer according to an electric field formed in each pixel by a common voltage and a data voltage applied thereto.

[0131] In the display panel 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first substrate may be formed as a color filter array substrate, and the second substrate may be formed as a TFT array substrate. For example, the display panel 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may have a shape in which the display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is vertically inverted. In this case, the pad portion of the display panel 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may be covered by a separate mechanism.

[0132] The display panel 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a curved portion that is bent or curved to have a curved shape or a constant radius of curvature.

[0133] The curved portion of the display panel 100 may be implemented on at least one of one edge portion and another edge portion of the display panel 100 that are parallel to each other. One edge and / or the other edge of the display panel 100 that implements the curved portion may include only the non-display area IA or the edge of the display area AA and the non-display area IA. The display panel 100 including the curved portion implemented by bending the non-display area IA may have a one-sided frame curved structure or a two-sided frame curved structure. In addition, the display panel 100 including the curved portion implemented by bending the edge of the display area AA and the non-display area IA may have a one-sided active bending structure or a two-sided active bending structure.

[0134] The vibration device 200 can provide sound and / or tactile feedback to the user based on the vibration of the display panel 100 by vibrating the display panel 100 from the rear surface of the display panel 100. The vibration device 200 can be implemented on the rear surface of the display panel 100 to directly vibrate the display panel 100.

[0135] As one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration device 200 can vibrate the display panel 100 by vibrating according to a vibration drive signal synchronized with an image displayed on the display panel 100. As another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 200 can vibrate the display panel 100 by vibrating according to a tactile feedback signal (or haptic feedback) synchronized with a user's touch on a touch panel (or touch sensor layer) provided on or embedded in the display panel 100. Thus, the display panel 100 can vibrate according to the vibration of the vibration device 200 to provide at least one of acoustic and tactile feedback to the user (or viewer).

[0136] The vibration device 200 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in a size corresponding to the display area AA of the display panel 100. The size of the vibration device 200 may be 0.9 to 1.1 times the size of the display area AA, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the size of the vibration device 200 may be the same as or smaller than the size of the display area AA. The vibration device 200 may have a rectangular shape that may be consistent with a rectangular-shaped display (e.g., referring to FIG. 1 ). Figure 1) is substantially the same. For example, since the size of the vibration device 200 can be the same or substantially the same as the size of the display area AA of the display panel 100, the vibration device 200 can cover most areas of the display panel 100, and since the vibration produced by the vibration device 200 can make the entire display panel 100 vibrate, the sense of localization of the sound can be very high, and user satisfaction can be improved. In addition, since the contact area (or panel coverage) between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 increases, the vibration area of the display panel 100 can increase, so that the sound of the low pitch and the middle pitch produced according to the vibration of the display panel 100 can be further improved to achieve improved sound effects. In addition, since the vibration device 200 applied to large display equipment can make the entire large (or large area) display panel 100 vibrate, the sense of localization of the sound according to the vibration of the display panel 100 can be further improved to achieve improved sound effects. Therefore, the vibration device 200 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure can be provided on the rear surface of the display panel 100 to make the display panel 100 vibrate sufficiently in the up and down (or front and back) directions so that sound can be output to the front of the device or display device.

[0137] The vibration device 200 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of a thin film. Since the vibration device 200 is implemented in the form of a thin film, it can have a thickness less than the thickness of the display panel 100, so that the increase in the thickness of the display device caused by the arrangement of the vibration device 200 can be minimized. For example, the vibration device 200 can be represented as a thin film piezoelectric composite speaker, a sound generating module, a sound generating device, a thin film actuator, a thin film piezoelectric composite actuator, a thin film speaker or a thin film piezoelectric speaker using the display panel 100 as a sound vibration plate, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to these terms. For example, the display panel can be a display panel having pixels for displaying an image and a screen panel onto which an image projected from a display device is projected, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration device 200 may not be provided on the rear surface of the display panel 100 and may be applied to a vibrating object other than the display panel. For example, the vibration object can be a non-display panel, a vibration plate, wood, plastic, glass, cloth, the interior material of a vehicle, the glass window of a vehicle, the interior ceiling of a building, the glass window of a building, the interior material of an aircraft and the glass window of an aircraft, etc., but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the non-display panel can be a light-emitting diode lighting panel (or device), an organic light-emitting lighting panel (or device) or an inorganic light-emitting lighting panel (or device), but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In this case, the vibration correspondence can be applied as a vibration plate, and the vibration device 200 can vibrate the vibration object to output sound.

[0138] The vibration device 200 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one vibration generator 230 .

[0139] The vibration generator 230 may have a piezoelectric structure (vibration portion or piezoelectric vibration portion) including a piezoelectric ceramic having piezoelectric properties, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the vibration generator 230 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may vibrate (or mechanically displace) in response to an externally applied electrical signal by including a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. For example, when a vibration drive signal (or voice signal) is applied, the vibration generator 230 alternately repeats contraction and expansion due to the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric structure (vibration portion or piezoelectric vibration portion), and displaces (or vibrates) in the same direction due to a bending phenomenon in which the bending direction alternates, thereby increasing or maximizing the displacement amount (or bending force or flexure force) or amplitude displacement of the vibration device 200 and / or the display panel 100.

[0140] Alternatively, in a vibration device 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of vibration generators may overlap or stack one another so as to displace (or drive) one another in the same direction. For example, each of the plurality of vibration generators may contract or expand in the same driving direction (or displacement direction) according to a vibration drive signal when they overlap or stack one another, so that the displacement (or bending force) or amplitude displacement may be increased or maximized. Thus, the plurality of vibration generators increase (or maximize) the displacement (or bending force) or amplitude displacement of the display panel 100, thereby improving the sound pressure level characteristics of the sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100 and the sound characteristics in the mid-pitched and low-pitched sound bands. For example, the plurality of vibration generators may be implemented to overlap or stack one another to have the same driving direction so that the driving force of the plurality of vibration generators may be increased or maximized, and therefore, the sound pressure level characteristics generated in the display panel 100 by the vibration of the plurality of vibration generators may be improved.

[0141] The display apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may further include a connection member 150 disposed between the vibration generator 230 and the display panel 100 .

[0142] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the connection member 150 may include at least one substrate and an adhesive layer attached to one or both surfaces of the substrate.

[0143] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the connection member 150 may be formed of a material including an adhesive layer having excellent adhesion or bonding properties to the vibration generator 230. For example, the connection member 150 may include a foam pad, double-sided tape, or an adhesive, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the connection member 150 may include epoxy resin, an acryl-based polymer, a silicone-based polymer, or a polyurethane-based polymer, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0144] The connection member 150 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of a heat-curing adhesive, a light-curing adhesive, and a heat-sealing adhesive. For example, the connection member 150 may include a heat-sealing adhesive. The heat-sealing adhesive may be a heat-activated type or a thermosetting type. For example, the connection member 150 including the heat-sealing adhesive may bond or couple the display panel 100 and the vibration generator 230 to each other using heat and pressure.

[0145] The connection member 150 may be disposed between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 to connect or couple the vibration device 200 to the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration device 200 may be connected or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100 through the connection member 150 to be supported or disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0146] The connecting member 150 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be formed of a material including an adhesive layer having excellent adhesion or bonding to each of the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. For example, the connecting member 150 may include a foam pad, a double-sided tape, or an adhesive, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the connecting member 150 may include an epoxy-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, a silicon-based polymer, or a polyurethane-based polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the adhesive layer of the connecting member 150 may include an acrylic-based material having relatively excellent bonding strength and high hardness between acrylic and polyurethane. Therefore, the vibration of the vibration device 200 can be appropriately transmitted to the display panel 100.

[0147] The connecting member 150 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a hollow portion provided between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. The hollow portion of the connecting member 150 may provide an air gap between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. The air gap allows the sound waves (or sound pressure levels) generated by the vibration of the vibration device 200 to be concentrated on the display panel 100 without being dispersed by the connecting member 150, thereby minimizing the vibration loss of the connecting member 150. For example, the hollow portion of the connecting member 150 may help form a resonant cavity behind the display panel. Therefore, the sound pressure level characteristics of the sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100 according to one or more embodiments may be increased.

[0148] The device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may further include a support member 300 disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 100 .

[0149] The support member 300 may cover the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the support member 300 may cover the entire rear surface of the display panel 100 with the gap space GS located therebetween. For example, the support member 300 may include at least one of a glass material, a metal material, and a plastic material. For example, the support member 300 may be a rear structure or a complete structure. For example, the support member 300 may be represented by other terms such as a cover bottom, a plate bottom, a back cover, a base frame, a metal frame, a metal chassis, a chassis base, or an m-chassis. Therefore, the support member 300 may be implemented as any type of frame or plate-like structure provided on the rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0150] The apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may further include a middle frame 400 .

[0151] The middle frame 400 may be disposed between the rear edge of the display panel 100 and the front edge portion of the support member 300. The middle frame 400 supports at least one of the edge portion of the display panel 100 and the edge portion of the support member 300, and surrounds at least one of the side surfaces of each of the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The middle frame 400 may be denoted as an intermediate cabinet, an intermediate cover, or an intermediate base, and embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to these terms.

[0152] The middle frame 400 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a first supporting portion 410 and a second supporting portion 430 .

[0153] The first supporting portion 410 may be disposed between the rear edge of the display panel 100 and the front edge of the supporting member 300, thereby providing a gap space GS between the display panel 100 and the supporting member 300. The front surface of the first supporting portion 410 may be coupled or connected to the rear edge portion of the display panel 100 via the first frame connecting member 401. The rear surface of the first supporting portion 410 may be coupled or connected to the front edge portion of the supporting member 300 via the second frame connecting member 403. For example, the first supporting portion 410 may have a single frame structure in a square shape or a frame structure including a plurality of divided strip shapes.

[0154] The second supporting portion 430 may be vertically coupled to the outer surface of the first supporting portion 410 so as to be parallel to the thickness direction Z of the device. The second supporting portion 430 may surround at least one of the outer surface of the display panel 100 and the outer surface of the support member 300 to protect the outer surface of each of the display panel 100 and the support member 300. The first supporting portion 410 may protrude from the inner surface of the second supporting portion 430 toward the gap space GS between the display panel 100 and the support member 300.

[0155] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vibration generating device of a display apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of a vibration portion according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0156] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the display apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration device 200 provided on the rear surface of the display panel 100 may include at least one vibration generator 230 .

[0157] The vibration portion 231 may include a piezoelectric material, a composite piezoelectric material, or an electroactive material exhibiting a piezoelectric effect. The vibration portion 231 may include both inorganic and organic materials. For example, the vibration portion 231 may include multiple inorganic material portions formed from piezoelectric materials and at least one organic material portion formed from a soft material. For example, the vibration portion 231 may be represented as a vibration unit, a piezoelectric vibration portion, a piezoelectric composite layer, a piezoelectric composite, or a piezoelectric ceramic composite, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Since the vibration portion 231 may be formed from a transparent, translucent, or opaque piezoelectric material, it may be transparent, translucent, or opaque. The vibration portion 231 or vibration generator 230 may be represented as a vibration unit, a flexible vibration generator, a flexible actuator, a flexible speaker, a flexible piezoelectric speaker, a thin film actuator, a thin film piezoelectric composite actuator, a thin film speaker, a thin film piezoelectric speaker, or a thin film piezoelectric composite speaker, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0158] The vibration part 231 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a plurality of inorganic parts 231a and a plurality of organic parts 231b. For example, a plurality of inorganic parts 231a and a plurality of organic parts 231b may be alternately and repeatedly arranged along the first direction X (or the second direction Y). For example, the first direction X may be the horizontal direction of the vibration part 231, and the second direction Y may be the vertical direction of the vibration part 231 intersecting with the first direction X, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first direction X may be the vertical direction of the vibration part 231, and the second direction Y may be the horizontal direction of the vibration part 231.

[0159] Each of the multiple inorganic portions 231a can be formed from an inorganic material portion. The inorganic material portion can include the above-mentioned materials. For example, the inorganic portion 231a can be formed from a ceramic-based material capable of achieving relatively high vibration or a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. The perovskite-based crystal structure has piezoelectric and / or inverse piezoelectric effects and can be a plate-like structure with orientation. The perovskite-based crystal structure is represented by the chemical formula ABO3, where the A site can be formed from a divalent metal element and the B site can be formed from a tetravalent metal element. As one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, in the chemical formula ABO3, the A site and the B site can be cations, and O can be an anion. For example, it can include at least one of PbTiO3, PbZrO3, PbZrTiO3, BaTiO3, and SrTiO3, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0160] The inorganic portion 231a according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0161] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the inorganic portion 231a may have a piezoelectric constant d of 1000 pC / N or more in the thickness direction Z. 33 . With high piezoelectric constant d 33 , the vibration device 200 can be applied to a large-sized display panel or can have sufficient vibration characteristics or piezoelectric characteristics. For example, the inorganic portion 231a can have a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) as a main component and can include a softener dopant material doped to the A site (Pb) and a relaxer ferroelectric material doped to the B site (ZrTi).

[0162] The softener dopant material can improve the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the inorganic portion 231a. For example, the piezoelectric strain coefficient / piezoelectric constant d of the inorganic portion 231a can be increased. 33 . When the softener dopant material includes a +1 valence element, the piezoelectric characteristics and the dielectric characteristics may be reduced. For example, when the softener dopant material includes potassium (K) and rubidium (Rb), the piezoelectric characteristics and the dielectric characteristics may be reduced. Therefore, it has been recognized through various experiments that the softener dopant material should include +2-valence to +3-valence elements in order to improve the piezoelectric characteristics and the dielectric characteristics. The softener dopant material according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include +2-valence to +3-valence elements. Since a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) can be configured by including a softener dopant material in a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), the piezoelectric characteristics and the dielectric characteristics can be improved. For example, the softener dopant material may be strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), lanthanum (La), niobium (Nb), calcium (Ca), yttrium (Y), erbium (Er) or ytterbium (Yb). For example, the ions of the softener dopant material (Sr 2+ 、Ba 2+ 、La 2+ 、Nb 5+ , Ca 2+ 、Y 3+ 、Er 3+ 、Yb 3+ ) replaces a portion of lead (Pb) in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), and the replacement amount may be 2 mol% to 20 mol%. For example, if the replacement amount is less than 2 mol% or exceeds 20 mol%, the perovskite-based crystal structure is broken, so that the electromechanical coupling coefficient (kp) and the piezoelectric strain coefficient d 33When the softener dopant material is substituted, a morphotropic phase boundary region can be formed, and high-voltage electric and dielectric properties can be obtained in the phase change boundary region, so that a vibration device with high-voltage electric and dielectric properties can be realized.

[0163] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the relaxed ferroelectric material doped in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) can improve the electrodeformation characteristics of the inorganic portion 231a. The relaxed ferroelectric material according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a lead magnesium niobate (PMN)-based material or a lead nickel niobate (PNN)-based material, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The PMN-based material may include lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg) and niobium (Nb), and may be, for example, Pb(Mg, Nb)O3. The PNN-based material may include lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and niobium (Nb), and may be, for example, Pb(Ni, Nb)O3. For example, the relaxed ferroelectric material doped in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) replaces a portion of each of zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti) in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), and the replacement amount may be 5 mol% to 25 mol%. For example, if the substitution amount is less than 5 mol% or exceeds 25 mol%, the perovskite-based crystal structure is broken, so that the electromechanical coupling coefficient (Kp) and the piezoelectric strain coefficient d 33 Can be reduced.

[0164] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the inorganic portion 231a may further include a donor material doped in the B site (ZrTi) of the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) to further improve the piezoelectric coefficient. For example, the donor material doped in the B site (ZrTi) may include a +4-valent to +6-valent element. For example, the donor material doped in the B site (ZrTi) may include tellurium (Te), germanium (Ge), uranium (U), bismuth (Bi), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), antimony (Sb), or tungsten (W).

[0165] Since the inorganic portion 231a according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may have a piezoelectric strain coefficient d of 1000 pC / N or more in the thickness direction Z, 33 , thus a vibration device with improved vibration characteristics can be realized. For example, a vibration device with improved vibration characteristics can be realized in a device with a large area.

[0166] In the vibration part 231, each of the multiple inorganic parts 231a, the multiple first organic parts 231b1 and the multiple second organic parts 231b2 can be arranged (or arranged) parallel to each other on the same plane (or on the same layer). Each of the multiple first organic parts 231b1 and the multiple second organic parts 231b2 can be configured to fill the gap between two adjacent inorganic parts 231a. Each of the multiple first organic parts 231b1 can be connected to or bonded to the adjacent inorganic part 231a. Each of the multiple organic parts 231b can be configured to fill the gap between two adjacent inorganic parts 231a, and therefore can be connected to or bonded to the adjacent inorganic part 231a. Therefore, the vibration part 231 can be extended to a desired size or length by the lateral connection (or connection) of the inorganic part 231a and the organic part 231b. For example, the vibration part 231 can have a modular design, which can be easily increased or decreased in size as desired (for example, to correspond to a display or panel of a specific size and provide a desired frequency range).

[0167] The vibration generator 230 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may include a vibration portion 231 including a piezoelectric material, a first electrode portion 233 disposed on a first surface of the vibration portion 231 , and a second electrode portion 235 disposed on a second surface of the vibration portion 231 opposite to the first surface.

[0168] The vibration portion 231 may include an inorganic portion 231 a including a piezoelectric material and an organic portion 231 b including a polymer material.

[0169] For example, the inorganic portions 231 a may be disposed to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other, and for example, the inorganic portions 231 a may have a predetermined width Wa in a first direction X and a predetermined length in a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. In addition, the inorganic portions 231 a may be adjusted to have a predetermined thickness in a third direction.

[0170] For example, the width Wa of the inorganic portion 231a in the first direction X can be adjusted to a length of 1 mm to 2 mm. The length of the inorganic portion 231a in the second direction Y can be variably changed according to the position at which it is attached to the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the length of the inorganic portion 231a in the second direction Y can be adjusted to several times or dozens of times the width Wa of the inorganic portion 231a in the first direction X. The length or thickness of the inorganic portion 231a in the third direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y can be adjusted to 100 μm to 500 μm. In addition, the length or thickness of the inorganic portion 231a in the third direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y can be adjusted to 250 μm to 350 μm, or 300 μm.

[0171] Therefore, the inorganic portion 231 a according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided in the form of stripe patterns in a rectangular parallelepiped shape spaced apart from each other.

[0172] For example, the inorganic portion 231a of the vibration portion 231 may include a lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or a lead zirconate nickel niobate (PZNN)-based material including lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. As another example, the inorganic portion 231a may include at least one of CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 , and SrTiO 3 that do not include lead (Pb), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0173] The organic portion 231 b of the vibration portion 231 may include a first organic portion 231 b 1 disposed adjacent to the inorganic portion 231 a and a second organic portion 231 b 2 disposed between the adjacent first organic portions 231 b 1 .

[0174] The first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 may have predetermined widths Wb1 and Wb2, respectively, in the first direction X, similar to the inorganic portion 231a described above, and may have predetermined lengths in a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. For example, the lengths of the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 in the second direction Y may correspond to the length of the inorganic portion 231a. Furthermore, the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 may be adjusted to have predetermined thicknesses in the third direction Z. For example, the thicknesses of the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 in the third direction Z may be the same as the thickness of the inorganic portion 231a.

[0175] For example, the sum of the widths Wb1 and Wb2 of the first and second organic portions 231b1 and 231b2 in the first direction X may be adjusted to 10 μm to 100 μm, or 30 μm to 70 μm, or 55 μm.

[0176] Therefore, each of the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 may be disposed in a stripe pattern in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the second organic portion 231b2 may be disposed in a sandwich form between any one first organic portion 231b1 and another first organic portion 231b1 disposed therebetween.

[0177] In addition, if Figure 4As shown, the organic portion 231 b between two adjacent inorganic portions 231 a may include a pair of first organic portions 231 b 1 and a second organic portion 231 b 2 .

[0178] The vibration part 231 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure has a structure in which organic parts 231b are alternately arranged, and the organic parts 231b include a first organic part 231b1 and a second organic part 231b2 having the same length as the length of the plurality of long strip-shaped inorganic parts 231a in the second direction. The vibration generator 230 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite structure.

[0179] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic modulus or Young's modulus of the first organic portion 231 b 1 may have a value lower than that of the second organic portion 231 b 1 .

[0180] For example, the first organic portion 231b1 of the vibration portion 231 may be one or more of an acrylic-based polymer and a silicon-based polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The first organic portion 231b1 of the vibration portion 231 may have an elastic modulus of less than 0.1 GPa (giga Pascal) and may be formed of a silicon-based polymer having a value of, for example, about 0.0015 GPa.

[0181] For example, the second organic portion 231b2 of the vibration portion 231 may be an epoxy-based polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The second organic portion 231b2 of the vibration portion 231 may have an elastic modulus of 2 GPa or greater. For example, when the second organic portion 231b2 of the vibration portion 231 is formed of an epoxy-based polymer, it may have an elastic modulus value of approximately 2.0 GPa.

[0182] In addition, the total elastic modulus of the organic portions 231b1 and 231b2 can be changed according to the ratio of the widths of the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2. For example, when the first organic portion 231b1 is formed of a silicon-based polymer and the second organic portion 231b2 is formed of an epoxy-based polymer, the total elastic modulus of the organic portions 231b1 and 231b2 can be obtained as shown in Table 1 below.

[0183] [Table 1]

[0184]

[0185] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to achieve a vibration displacement of approximately 5 μm of the inorganic part 231a when configuring the vibration part (organic part) 231b, the ratio of the width Wb1 of the first organic part 231b1 to the sum of the widths of the first organic part 231b1 and the second organic part 231b2 in the first direction X can be 40% or more, and the ratio of the width Wb2 of the second organic part 231b2 to the sum of the widths of the first organic part 231b1 and the second organic part 231b2 in the first direction X can be 60% or less.

[0186] Thus, the first organic portion 231b1 may account for 40% to 80% of the organic portion 231b, and the second organic portion 231b2 may account for 20% to 60% of the organic portion 231b. Furthermore, the first organic portion 231b1 may account for 50% to 60% of the organic portion 231b, and the second organic portion 231b2 may account for 30% to 40% of the organic portion 231b. Furthermore, the first organic portion 231b1 may account for 60% of the organic portion 231b, and the second organic portion 231b2 may account for 40% of the organic portion 231b.

[0187] The first electrode portion 233 may be provided on the first surface (or upper surface) of the vibration portion 231. The first electrode portion 233 may be provided together or coupled to the first surface of each of the inorganic portions 231a and the first surface of each of the plurality of first organic portions 231b1 and the second organic portions 231b2. The first electrode portion 233 may be electrically connected to each of the first surfaces. For example, the first electrode portion 233 may be provided on the entire first surface of the vibration portion 231 (for example, in the form of a rectangular sheet or plate-type structure). In addition, the first electrode portion 233 may have a cylindrical electrode shape. For example, the first electrode portion 233 may have a shape substantially the same as the vibration portion 231, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The first electrode portion 233 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be formed of a transparent conductive material, a translucent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0188] The second electrode portion 235 can be provided on a second surface (or lower surface) of the vibration portion 231 that is opposite to or different from the first surface. The second electrode portion 235 can be provided jointly on the second surface of each of the plurality of inorganic portions 231a and the second surface of each of the plurality of organic portions 231b or connected to the second surface of each of the plurality of inorganic portions 231a and the second surface of each of the plurality of organic portions 231b. The second electrode portion 235 can be electrically connected to the second surface of each of the plurality of inorganic portions 231a. For example, the second electrode portion 235 can be provided on the entire second surface of the vibration portion 231 (for example, in the form of a rectangular sheet or plate-like structure). In addition, the second electrode portion 235 can have a cylindrical electrode shape. For example, the second electrode portion 235 can have the same shape as the vibration portion 231, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The second electrode portion 235 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure can be formed of a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0189] The first electrode portion 233 may be covered by a first protective member 220 described later. The second electrode portion 235 may be covered by a second protective member 240 described later.

[0190] The first protective member 220 may be disposed on the first electrode portion 233 and may protect the first electrode portion 233. The second protective member 240 may be disposed on the second electrode portion 235 and may protect the second electrode portion 235. For example, each of the first protective member 220 and the second protective member 240 of the vibration generator 230 may be formed from a plastic material or a fiber material, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, in the vibration generator 230, the first protective member 220 may be formed from the same material as or different from the material of the second protective member 240. At least one of the first protective member 220 and the second protective member 240 of the vibration generator 230 may be connected to or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via the connecting member 150. For example, the first protective member 220 of the vibration generator 230 may be connected to or coupled to the rear surface of the display panel 100 via the connecting member 150.

[0191] The first protective member 220 may include a base member 221 and an adhesive layer 223, and the adhesive layer 223 may be formed adjacent to the vibration generator 230 instead of the base member 221. The adhesive layer 223 of the first protective member 220 may be disposed between the first electrode portion 233 of the vibration generator 230 and the base member 221 of the first protective member 220.

[0192] The second protective member 240 may include a base member 244 and an adhesive layer 243, and the adhesive layer 243, rather than the base member 244, may be formed adjacent to the vibration generator 230. The adhesive layer 243 of the second protective member 240 may be disposed between the second electrode portion 235 of the vibration generator 230 and the base member 244 of the first protective member 220.

[0193] Each of the base members 221 and 244 of the first and second protective members 220 and 240 may be formed of a polyimide film or a polyethylene terephthalate film, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0194] Each of the adhesive layers 223 and 243 of the first and second protective members 220 and 240 may include an epoxy-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, a silicon-based polymer, or a polyurethane-based polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0195] The adhesive layer 223 of the first protective member 220 and the adhesive layer 243 of the second protective member 240 may be connected or coupled to each other between the first protective member 220 and the second protective member 240. For example, the adhesive layer 223 of the first protective member 220 and the adhesive layer 243 of the second protective member 240 may be connected or coupled to each other at the edge portion between the first protective member 220 and the second protective member 240. Therefore, the vibration part 231 of the vibration generator 230 may be surrounded by the adhesive layer 223 of the first protective member 220 and the adhesive layer 243 of the second protective member 240. For example, the adhesive layer 223 of the first protective member 220 and the adhesive layer 243 of the second protective member 240 may completely surround the vibration part 231 of the vibration generator 230. For example, the adhesive layer 223 of the first protective member 220 and the adhesive layer 243 of the second protective member 240 may be represented as a covering member, etc., but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. When the adhesive layer 223 of the first protective member 220 and the adhesive layer 243 of the second protective member 240 are covering members, the first protective member 220 can be disposed on a first surface of the covering member, and the second protective member 240 can be disposed on a second surface of the covering member. For example, the vibration generator can be completely sealed between the first protective member 220 and the second protective member 240.

[0196] 5A to 5D A method of manufacturing a vibration portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0197] Reference 5A to 5D , the vibration portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be prepared in the following manner.

[0198] First, if Figure 5AAs shown, the inorganic portion 231a having a predetermined size is prepared. For example, the inorganic portion 231a may have a width of 8 mm in the first direction X, a length of 10 mm in the second direction Y, and a thickness of 50 μm in the third direction Z.

[0199] Then, if Figure 5B As shown, the inorganic portion 231a is cut to have a predetermined width in the first direction X and a predetermined length in the second direction Y to prepare a plurality of stripe patterns spaced apart from each other. For example, the width of each stripe pattern in the first direction X may be 2,500 μm, but is not limited thereto.

[0200] Next, if Figure 5C As shown, the first organic portion 231b1 is disposed on the side surfaces of the plurality of separated inorganic portions 231a facing each other. For example, the first organic portion 231b1 may have a predetermined width in the first direction X and a predetermined length in the second direction Y, and the length of the first organic portion 231b1 in the second direction Y may correspond to the length of the inorganic portion 231a. For example, the width of the first organic portion 231b1 in the first direction X may be 20 μm.

[0201] Next, if Figure 5D As shown, the second organic portion 231b2 is disposed between the first organic portion 231b1 located on the inner side of the inorganic portion 231a. For example, the second organic portion 231b2 may have a predetermined width in the first direction X and a predetermined length in the second direction Y, and its length in the second direction Y may be a size corresponding to the length of the inorganic portion 231a. For example, the width of the second organic portion 231b2 in the first direction X may be 60 μm.

[0202] Figures 6A to 6E A method of manufacturing a vibration portion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0203] First, if Figure 6A and Figure 6B As shown, the inorganic parts 231 a having a predetermined size are prepared and cut to be spaced apart from each other. Figure 6A and Figure 6B With the above Figure 5A and Figure 5B The same, so the repeated description is omitted or may be briefly provided.

[0204] Then, if Figure 6CAs shown, the organic portion 231b is disposed on the side surfaces of the plurality of separated inorganic portions 231a facing each other, and the empty spaces between the plurality of separated inorganic portions 231a are filled. For example, the organic portion 231b may have a predetermined width in the first direction X and a predetermined length in the second direction Y, and its length in the second direction Y may be a size corresponding to the length of the inorganic portion 231a. For example, the width of the organic portion 231b in the first direction X may be 100 μm.

[0205] Next, if Figure 6D As shown, a mask pattern MP having an opening portion OP is disposed on the inorganic portion 231a and the organic portion 231b. The width of the opening portion OP of the mask pattern MP in the first direction X may correspond to the width of the second organic portion 231b2.

[0206] therefore, Figure 6D The width Wb2 of the opening portion OP of the mask pattern MP in the first direction may be adjusted to 20% to 60% of the total length of the organic portion 231b in the first direction X. Figure 6D The width Wb2 of the opening portion OP of the mask pattern MP in the first direction may be adjusted to 30% to 50% of the total length of the organic portion 231b in the first direction X, or may be adjusted to 40% of the total length of the organic portion 231b in the first direction X.

[0207] When using the mask pattern MP having the opening portion OP, a heat source or energy source can be irradiated only to a predetermined area corresponding to the second organic portion 231b2, and the organic portion 231b can be thermally cured or UV-cured to prepare the second organic portion 231b2. A structure of the organic portion 231b including the first organic portion 231b1 or the second organic portion 231b2 inserted or accommodated between the first organic portions 231b1 and having an elastic modulus higher than that of the first organic portion 231b1 can be prepared. For example, the heat source irradiated through the opening portion OP of the mask pattern MP can be UV rays, and the agent of the organic portion 231b irradiated with UV rays can be cured by UV curing to increase the elastic modulus.

[0208] For example, when the organic portion 231b is passed through a Figure 6D When thermally cured by UV irradiation of the opening portion OP in the first organic portion 231 b 1 , the strength or elastic modulus of the first organic portion 231 b 1 may be increased by about 20%.

[0209] Next, Figure 6E Another embodiment according to the present disclosure is illustrated, wherein by curing Figure 6DThe organic portion 231b shown in FIG is formed into a second organic portion 231b2 and a first organic portion 231b1 separated from the second organic portion 231b2. Figure 6E In the embodiment, the opening portion OP of the mask pattern MP may overlap only with the area except the area corresponding to the preset second organic portion 231b2. The mask pattern MP between the opening portions OP may be adjusted to directly contact the area where the preset second organic portion 231b2 is formed. Figure 6E The area corresponding to the second organic portion 231b2 between the opening portions OP of the mask pattern MP can be adjusted to 20% to 60% of the total length in the first direction X, or can be adjusted to 30% to 50% of the total length in the first direction X, or 40% of the total length in the first direction X.

[0210] The mask pattern MP may be formed of a material having high thermal conductivity. The first organic portion 231b1 may be thermally cured by locally increasing the temperature of the region corresponding to the second organic portion 231b2 by increasing the temperature of the mask pattern MP to prepare a structure of the organic portion 231b including the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 having an elastic modulus higher than that of the first organic portion 231b1.

[0211] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vibration device connected to a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 8 : is a perspective view of a vibration part according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the embodiment, the configuration of the display device is the same as that of the embodiment except that the structure of the vibration portion 231 of the vibration generator 230 is changed. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The configurations of the display devices are the same, and thus repeated descriptions are omitted or may be briefly provided.

[0212] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration portion 231 may include an inorganic portion 231a including a piezoelectric material and an organic portion 231b including a polymer material. The vibration portion 231 may include a first organic portion 231b1, a second organic portion 231b2, and a third organic portion 231b3 filled between a plurality of strip-shaped inorganic portions 231a spaced apart from each other.

[0213] For example, the inorganic portions 231 a may be provided to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and for example, the inorganic portions 231 a may have a predetermined width Wa in a first direction X, and may have a predetermined length in a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. In addition, the inorganic portions 231 a may be adjusted to have a predetermined thickness in a third direction Z.

[0214] For example, the width Wa of the inorganic portion 231a in the first direction X may be adjusted to 1 mm to 2 mm or approximately 1.5 mm, and the length of the inorganic portion 231a in the second direction Y may be variably changed according to the position of attachment to the rear surface of the display panel 100. In addition, the length or thickness of the inorganic portion 231a in the third direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y may be adjusted to 100 μm to 500 μm or may be adjusted to 200 μm to 400 μm, or 300 μm.

[0215] Therefore, the inorganic portion 231 a according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided in the form of stripe patterns in a rectangular parallelepiped shape spaced apart from each other.

[0216] For example, the inorganic portion 231a of the vibration portion 231 may include a lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or a lead zirconate nickel niobate (PZNN)-based material including lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. As another example, the inorganic portion 231a may include at least one of CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 , and SrTiO 3 that does not include lead (Pb), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0217] The organic portion 231 b of the vibration portion 231 may include first organic portions 231 b 1 disposed adjacent to the inorganic portion 231 a , third organic portions 231 b 3 disposed adjacent to the first organic portions 231 b 1 , and second organic portions 231 b 2 between the third organic portions 231 b 3 .

[0218] Similar to the aforementioned inorganic portion 231a, the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2, and the third organic portion 231b3 may have predetermined widths Wb1, Wb2, and Wb3, respectively, in a first direction X, and may have predetermined lengths in a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. The lengths of the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2, and the third organic portion 231b3 in the second direction Y may correspond to the length of the inorganic portion 231a. In addition, the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2, and the third organic portion 231b3 may be adjusted to have predetermined thicknesses in a third direction Z. For example, the thicknesses of the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2, and the third organic portion 231b3 in the third direction Z may be the same as the thickness of the inorganic portion 231a.

[0219] For example, the sum of the widths of the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2, and the third organic portion 231b3 in the first direction X may be adjusted to 10 μm to 100 μm. In addition, the sum of the widths of the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2, and the third organic portion 231b3 in the first direction X may be adjusted to 30 μm to 70 μm or 55 μm.

[0220] Thus, each of the first organic portion 231 b 1 , the second organic portion 231 b 2 , and the third organic portion 231 b 3 may be disposed in a stripe pattern in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.

[0221] The first organic portion 231b1 may be disposed so as to contact the side surface of the inorganic portion 231a, the third organic portion 231b3 may be disposed so as to contact the exposed side surface of the first organic portion 231b1, and the second organic portion 231b2 may be disposed in a sandwiched form between any one of the third organic portions 231b3 and another third organic portion 231b3. Thus, the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2, and the third organic portion 231b3 may be arranged to fill the spaces between the plurality of inorganic portions 231a.

[0222] In addition, if Figure 8 As shown, the organic portion 231b interposed between two adjacent inorganic portions 231a may include a pair of first organic portions 231b1, a pair of third organic portions 231b3, and a second organic portion 231b2. For example, the organic portion 231b may have five layers stacked along the X direction.

[0223] Therefore, the vibration part 231 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is configured to have a structure in which the organic part 231b including the first organic part 231b1, the second organic part 231b2 and the third organic part 231b3 has the same length in the second direction as the length of the multiple inorganic parts 231a in the shape of a long strip, and therefore, the vibration generator 230 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure can be a 2-2 type piezoelectric composite structure.

[0224] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic modulus or Young's modulus of the first organic part 231b1 may have a value lower than the elastic modulus or Young's modulus of the third organic part 231b3, and the elastic modulus or Young's modulus of the third organic part 231b3 may have a value lower than the elastic modulus or Young's modulus of the second organic part 231b2.

[0225] For example, the organic portion 231 b may be adjusted to increase the elastic modulus in the order of the first organic portion 231 b 1 , the third organic portion 231 b 3 , and the second organic portion 231 b 2 .

[0226] For example, the first organic portion 231b1 of the vibration portion 231 may be one or more of an acrylic polymer and a silicon polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The first organic portion 231b1 of the vibration portion 231 may have an elastic modulus of less than 0.1 GPa. For example, when the first organic portion 231b1 is formed of a silicon polymer, it may have a value of approximately 0.0015 GPa.

[0227] For example, the third organic portion 231b3 of the vibration portion 231 may be one or more of a silicon-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, a polyurethane-based polymer, and an epoxy-based polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The third organic portion 231b3 of the vibration portion 231 may have an elastic modulus of 0.1 GPa or greater and less than 2.0 GPa. By adjusting the crosslinking density during the curing of the third organic portion 231b3, the elastic modulus of the third organic portion 231b3 may be adjusted to be within a range of 0.1 GPa or greater to less than 2.0 GPa.

[0228] For example, the second organic portion 231b2 of the vibration portion 231 may be an epoxy-based polymer, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The second organic portion 231b2 of the vibration portion 231 may have an elastic modulus of 2.0 GPa or greater. For example, when the second organic portion 231b2 is formed of an epoxy-based polymer, it may have a value of approximately 2.0 GPa.

[0229] In addition, the total elastic modulus of the organic portions 231b1 and 231b2 can be changed according to the ratio of the widths of the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2. For example, when the first organic portion 231b1 is formed of a silicon-based polymer and the second organic portion 231b2 is formed of an epoxy-based polymer, the total elastic modulus of the organic portions 231b1 and 231b2 can be obtained as shown in Table 2 below.

[0230] [Table 2]

[0231]

[0232] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to achieve a vibration displacement of about 5 μm of the inorganic portion 231a when configuring the vibration portion 231b, the ratio of the sum of the width Wb1 of the first organic portion 231b1 and the width Wb3 of the third organic portion 231b3 to the sum of the widths of the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2 and the third organic portion 231b3 in the first direction X can be 40% or more, and the ratio of the width Wb2 of the second organic portion 231b2 to the sum of the widths of the first organic portion 231b1, the second organic portion 231b2 and the third organic portion 231b3 in the first direction X can be 60% or less.

[0233] Therefore, the first organic portion 231 b 1 and the third organic portion 231 b 3 may account for 40% to 80% of the organic portion 231 b , and the second organic portion 231 b 2 may account for 20% to 60% of the organic portion 231 b .

[0234] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, when the vibration portion 231 is configured, when the organic portion 231b interposed between two adjacent inorganic portions 231a includes a pair of first organic portions 231b1, a pair of third organic portions 231b3, and a second organic portion 231b2 to achieve a 5 μm level vibration displacement of the inorganic portion 231a, Figure 4 Compared with the structure of the vibration part 231 of the present disclosure, the third organic part 231b3 having a medium elastic modulus is further included, whereby the organic part 231b can increase the total elastic modulus of the organic part 231b while satisfying the displacement amount of the inorganic part 231a. Therefore, since the vibration part 231 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes the inorganic part 231a and the organic part 231b including the first organic part 231b1, the second organic part 231b2 and the third organic part 231b3, compared with the structure of the vibration part 231a including the inorganic part 231a and the organic part 231b including the first organic part 231b1 and the second organic part 231b2 Figure 3 and Figure 4Compared with the vibration part 231, it can have improved sound pressure level characteristics.

[0235] Figure 9A and Figure 9B is a perspective view of a vibration portion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0236] Reference Figure 9A and Figure 9B , the vibration part 231 may include an inorganic part 231a including a piezoelectric material and an organic part 231b including a polymer material. For example, the vibration part 231 may be provided in the form of a circular or rectangular linear column inserted using the organic part 231b as a matrix or grid arrangement. The first organic part 231b1 may be provided to directly contact and surround the plurality of inorganic parts 231a, and the second organic part 231b2 may be provided to surround the outside of the first organic part 231b1. Figure 9A and Figure 9B The vibration generator 230 including the vibration part 231 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure shown may have a 1-3 type piezoelectric composite structure.

[0237] like Figure 9A As shown, when the inorganic portion 231a is prepared in a cylindrical shape with a circular or elliptical base, the diameter Wa of the base of the inorganic portion 231a can be adjusted to 1 mm to 2 mm, or 1.5 mm. Figure 9B As shown, when the inorganic portion 231 a is prepared in the form of a square column having a square or rectangular base, the length or width Wa of any one side of the inorganic portion 231 a may be adjusted to 1 mm to 2 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0238] Next, to maximize the vibration displacement of the inorganic portion 231a, the width Wb1 or thickness Wb1 of the first organic portion 231b1 surrounding the inorganic portion 231a can be within a range of 1 μm to 100 μm, and can be, for example, 5 μm thick. When the thickness Wb1 of the first organic portion 231b1 surrounding the inorganic portion 231a is adjusted within a range of 1 μm to 100 μm, the vibration displacement of the inorganic portion 231a can be maximized. If the thickness Wb1 of the first organic portion 231b1 surrounding the inorganic portion 231a is less than 1 μm, sufficient vibration displacement of the inorganic portion 231a may not be ensured. If the thickness Wb1 of the first organic portion 231b1 surrounding the inorganic portion 231a exceeds 100 μm, the proportion of the second organic portion 231b2 in the vibration portion 231 may be reduced, thereby lowering the overall elastic modulus of the organic portion 231b. As a result, the sound pressure level characteristics of the vibration generator 230 including the vibration portion 231 may be reduced.

[0239] Figure 10 Illustrate the manufacturing Figure 9A and Figure 9B The vibration part of the method.

[0240] Reference Figure 10 , Figure 9A and Figure 9B The vibrating portion can be manufactured by a dip coating method. For example, a first organic portion molten solution 231b' prepared by melting the same material as the first organic portion 231b is prepared in a container C, and the inorganic portion 231a can be immersed therein to coat the surface of the inorganic portion 231a. For example, since the organic portion 231b formed or coated on the inorganic portion 231a is not in a solidified state, it can be a wet layer. Subsequently, a heat source is applied to solidify the wet layer, and the material of the first organic portion 231b1 is cross-linked to have a predetermined elastic modulus.

[0241] Figure 11A and Figure 11B are photographs of vibration portions according to the experimental example and the embodiment of the present disclosure taken by a scanning electron microscope.

[0242] Figure 11A This is a photograph taken after configuring the vibration portion 231 by disposing the first organic portion 231 b 1 formed of a silicon-based polymer having a low elastic modulus adjacent to the inorganic portion 231 a and driving the vibration portion 231 . Figure 11B This is a photograph taken after configuring the vibration portion 231 by disposing the second organic portion 231 b 2 formed of an epoxy-based polymer having a high elastic modulus adjacent to the inorganic portion 231 a and driving the vibration portion 231 .

[0243] Reference Figure 11A and Figure 11B ,exist Figure 11A In the case of the vibration portion 231 prepared, when a silicon-based polymer having a relatively low elastic modulus is provided as a filler or a buffer material for the vibration of the inorganic portion 231a, an excellent buffering effect can be provided in the contact surface between the inorganic portion 231a and the first organic portion 231b, thereby preventing cracks from occurring during driving of the inorganic portion 231a. Figure 11B In the case of the prepared vibration portion 231, when an epoxy-based polymer having a high elastic modulus is provided as a filler or buffer material against vibration of the inorganic portion 231a, the buffering effect is not large due to the high elastic modulus, so that cracks occur in the inorganic portion 231a.

[0244] Figure 12A and Figure 12BExperimental conditions of sound pressure level characteristics of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0245] Reference Figure 12A , the vibration device 200 including the vibration part 231 is provided on the rear surface of the plastic display panel 100. For example, the vibration part 231 of the vibration generator 230 is prepared to have a value of 120 mm in width, 60 mm in length, and 0.15 mm in thickness, and Figure 4 The configuration of the vibration portion 231 shown in FIG was applied to a configuration of an inorganic portion 231a, a first organic portion 231b, and a second organic portion 231b. Furthermore, to compare sound pressure level characteristics, the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 were configured as a single layer of the first organic portion 231b1, or the first organic portion 231b1 and the second organic portion 231b2 were configured as a single layer of the second organic portion 231b2. Furthermore, the first electrode portion 233 and the second electrode portion 235 were formed as silver electrodes, and the connection wires for the first electrode portion 250 and the second electrode portion 270 for applying a driving voltage were connected to one surface of the first electrode portion 233 and the second electrode portion 235.

[0246] Reference Figure 12B The sound pressure level measurement was performed using an Audio Precision APX525 device (commercial equipment). A signal in the range of 100 Hz to 20 kHz was amplified by an amplifier AMP as a sine sweep and applied to a vibration device (a lead-free piezoelectric device) 200. The sound pressure level was measured using a microphone MIC at a position 10 cm away from the display panel, and the measured sound pressure level was recorded using the Audio Precision APX525. The measured sound pressure level was corrected for 1 / 3 octave smoothing. Sine sweeping can be a method of scanning in a short time, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0247] Figure 13 Illustrated in Figure 12A and Figure 12B The sound output characteristics were measured in an experimental environment. Figure 13 , the horizontal axis represents frequency (Hertz, Hz), and the vertical axis represents sound pressure level (decibel, dB).

[0248] Table 3 illustrates the Figure 13 The measured value of the sound pressure level at the measured frequency is divided into the low-pitched sound band, the middle-pitched sound band and the high-pitched sound band and measured as the average sound pressure level.

[0249] [Table 3]

[0250]

[0251] exist Figure 13 The solid line shows the sound pressure level based on the above Figure 4 The illustrated embodiment includes an inorganic portion 231a in a stripe pattern in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, a first organic portion 231b1 in a stripe pattern disposed adjacent to the inorganic portion 231a, and a second organic portion 231b2 in a stripe pattern sandwiched between one first organic portion 231b1 and another first organic portion 231b1. For example, a single inorganic portion 231a is configured to have a width of 1 mm in the first direction X, a length of 120 mm in the second direction Y, and a thickness of 0.15 mm in the third direction Z. The individual inorganic portions 231a are spaced 100 μm apart from each other. Next, a first organic portion 231b1 disposed on one side of the inorganic portion 231a is configured to have the same dimensions as the single inorganic portion 231a except for its width in the first direction X, and the width of the first organic portion 231b1 in the first direction X is configured to be 20 μm. Next, the second organic portion 231b2 interposed between the first organic portions 231b1 is set to have the same size as the first organic portion 231b1 except for the width in the first direction X, and the width of the second organic portion 231b2 in the first direction X is set to 40 μm. Figure 13 In the vibration device indicated by the solid line in , the ratio of the width of the first organic part 231b1 to the second organic part 231b2 in the first direction X can be 0.4 to 0.6, and when the first organic part 231b1 is formed of a silicon-based polymer and the second organic part 231b1 is formed of an epoxy-based polymer, the total elastic modulus can be about 1.2 GPa.

[0252] Next, in Figure 13 In order to compare the sound pressure level characteristics, the dotted line represents the sound pressure level characteristics of a vibration device having the same configuration as the configuration of the vibration device 200 of the solid line above, but in which the first organic part 231b1 and the second organic part 231b2 of the vibration part 231 are formed as a single layer of the second organic part 231b2.

[0253] Reference Figure 13As shown in Table 3, the average sound pressure level of the full-range sound band within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 20 kHz of the vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is 75.0 dB. The average sound pressure level of the low-pitched sound band within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 kHz of the vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is 60.5 dB. The average sound pressure level of the middle-pitched sound band within the frequency range of 1 kHz to 10 kHz of the vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is 83.6 dB. The average sound pressure level of the high-pitched sound band within the frequency range of 10 kHz to 20 kHz of the vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is 94.6 dB.

[0254] Next, the first organic part 231b1 and the second organic part 231b2 of the vibration part 231 are formed into a single layer of the first organic part 231b1, and the average sound pressure level of the full-range sound band in the frequency range of 100Hz to 20kHz is 71.0dB, the average sound pressure level of the low-pitched sound band in the frequency range of 100Hz to 1kHz is 56.5dB, the average sound pressure level of the middle-pitched sound band in the frequency range of 1kHz to 10kHz is 79.6dB, and the average sound pressure level of the high-pitched sound range in the frequency range of 10kHz to 20kHz is 90.6dB.

[0255] Next, the first organic part 231b1 and the second organic part 231b2 of the vibration part 231 are formed into a single layer of the second organic part 231b2. The average sound pressure level of the full-range sound band in the frequency range of 100Hz to 20kHz is 67.2dB, the average sound pressure level of the low-pitched sound band in the frequency range of 100Hz to 1kHz is 53.9dB, the average sound pressure level of the mid-pitched sound band in the frequency range of 1kHz to 10kHz is 74.9dB, and the average sound pressure level of the high-pitched sound band in the frequency range of 10kHz to 20kHz is 85.7dB.

[0256] Reference Figure 13 As shown in Table 3, in the case of a vibration device in which the second organic portion 231b2 having a relatively high elastic modulus is provided as a single-layer buffer material between the inorganic portion 231a, the high elastic modulus of the organic portion 231b2 makes it impossible to ensure the maximum vibration displacement of the inorganic portion 231a, so the average sound pressure level in the full range of the sound band was measured to be 67.2 dB. Since the vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can ensure a maximum vibration displacement of the inorganic portion 231a of approximately 5 μm, it is confirmed that the average sound pressure level is increased by 7.8 dB compared to the configuration in which the second organic portion 231b2 having a high elastic modulus is formed as a single-layer organic portion.

[0257] Next, in the case of a vibration device in which the first organic part 231b1 having a relatively low elastic modulus is set as a single layer of buffer material between the inorganic parts 231a, a maximum vibration displacement of about 5 μm of the inorganic part 231a can be ensured, and therefore, it is confirmed that the average sound pressure level is increased by 3.8 dB compared to a vibration device in which the second organic part 231b2 having a relatively high elastic modulus is set as a single layer of buffer material between the inorganic parts 231a.

[0258] In addition, since the vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a second organic part 231b2 with a high elastic modulus, compared with the vibration device in which the first organic part 231b1 with a relatively low elastic modulus is set as a single layer of buffer material between the inorganic parts 231a, the rigidity of the inorganic part 231a itself can be supported, and the sound pressure level characteristics can be further improved.

[0259] The vibration device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to the vibration device arranged at the equipment.The vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to mobile device, videophone, smart watch, watch phone, wearable device, foldable device, rollable device, bendable device, flexible device, curved device, variable device, sliding device, electronic notepad, e-book, portable multimedia player (PMP), personal digital assistant (PDA), MP3 player, mobile medical device, desktop personal computer (PC), laptop PC, netbook computer, workstation, navigation device, car navigation device, car display device, car equipment, theater equipment, theater display device, TV, wallpaper display device, signage device, game console, notebook computer, monitor, camera, camcorder, household appliances etc.In addition, the vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to organic light emitting lighting equipment or inorganic light emitting lighting equipment.When the vibration device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to lighting equipment, the vibration device can be used as lighting equipment and loudspeaker. Furthermore, when the vibration device of an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to a mobile device, the vibration device may be used as one or more of a speaker, a receiver, and a haptic, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0260] A vibration device and an apparatus including the same according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be described as follows.

[0261] A vibration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a vibration generator, the vibration generator including a vibration part, wherein the vibration part includes: a plurality of inorganic parts, the plurality of inorganic parts having piezoelectric properties, and the plurality of inorganic parts being spaced apart from each other; and an organic part, the organic part being located between at least two of the plurality of inorganic parts, the organic part having non-piezoelectric properties, wherein the organic part includes a first organic part and a second organic part, the first organic part being arranged between one of the plurality of inorganic parts and the second organic part, wherein the elastic modulus of the first organic part is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic part.

[0262] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first organic portion may include at least one of an acrylic-based polymer and a silicon-based polymer.

[0263] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second organic portion may include an epoxy-based polymer.

[0264] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic portion may be one organic portion among a plurality of organic portions, and the plurality of inorganic portions and the plurality of organic portions may be alternately and repeatedly arranged.

[0265] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic portion may have a width in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of inorganic portions, and the first organic portion may account for approximately 40% to 80% of the width of the organic portion, and the second organic portion may account for approximately 20% to 60% of the width of the organic portion.

[0266] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic portion may further include a third organic portion disposed between the first organic portion and the second organic portion.

[0267] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic modulus of the first organic portion may be lower than the elastic modulus of the third organic portion, and the elastic modulus of the third organic portion may be lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

[0268] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic modulus of the third organic portion may be equal to or greater than 0.1 GPa and less than 2.0 GPa.

[0269] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic portion may have a width in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of inorganic portions, the first organic portion may occupy approximately 20% of the width of the organic portion, the second organic portion may occupy approximately 20% to 60% of the width of the organic portion, and the third organic portion may occupy approximately 20% to 60% of the width of the organic portion.

[0270] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic modulus of the first organic portion may be equal to or less than 0.1 GPa.

[0271] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic modulus of the second organic portion may be equal to or greater than 2.0 GPa.

[0272] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of inorganic portions may include a plurality of piezoelectric pillars.

[0273] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness of the first organic portion may be 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0274] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration generator may further include: a first protective member disposed at the first surface of the vibration portion; and a second protective member disposed at the second surface of the vibration portion.

[0275] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration generator may further include: a first electrode portion disposed between the vibration portion and the first protective member; and a second electrode portion disposed between the vibration portion and the second protective member.

[0276] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration device may further include: a pair of first organic parts and a pair of third organic parts, and the second organic part may be disposed between the pair of third organic parts, and the pair of third organic parts may be disposed between the pair of first organic parts.

[0277] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the elastic modulus of the pair of third organic segments may be greater than the elastic modulus of the first organic segment and the elastic modulus of the second organic segment.

[0278] A vibration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a vibration generator, the vibration generator including a vibration part, wherein the vibration part includes: a plurality of inorganic parts, the plurality of inorganic parts having piezoelectric properties, and the plurality of inorganic parts being spaced apart from each other; and an organic part, the organic part surrounding the plurality of inorganic parts, the organic part having non-piezoelectric properties, wherein the organic part includes a first organic part directly contacting and surrounding the plurality of inorganic parts and a second organic part surrounding the outside of the first organic part, wherein the elastic modulus of the first organic part is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic part.

[0279] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus includes: a vibrating object and a vibration generating device arranged on a surface of the vibrating object, wherein the vibration generating device includes: a vibration generator, the vibration generator includes a vibrating part, wherein the vibrating part includes: a plurality of inorganic parts, the plurality of inorganic parts have piezoelectric properties, and the plurality of inorganic parts are spaced apart from each other; and an organic part, the organic part is located between at least two of the plurality of inorganic parts, the organic part has non-piezoelectric properties, wherein the organic part includes a first organic part arranged adjacent to the plurality of inorganic parts and a second organic part arranged outside the first organic part, the first organic part is arranged between one of the plurality of inorganic parts and the second organic part, wherein the elastic modulus of the first organic part is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic part.

[0280] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may further include a connecting member disposed between the vibration object and the vibration generating device.

[0281] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibrating object may be one or more of a display panel having pixels configured to display an image, a screen panel on which an image projected from a display device is projected, a lighting panel, a vibration plate, wood, plastic, glass, cloth, interior materials of a vehicle, glass windows of a vehicle, interior ceilings of a building, glass windows of a building, interior materials of an aircraft, and glass windows of an aircraft.

[0282] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may further include a support member disposed at a rear surface of the display panel.

[0283] A display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a display panel configured to display an image, an adhesive member arranged on a rear surface of the display panel, and a vibration generator including a plurality of inorganic parts having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of organic parts having non-piezoelectric properties, the plurality of inorganic parts being spaced apart from each other, and the plurality of organic parts including a first organic part and a second organic part, the first organic part being arranged between one of the plurality of inorganic parts and the second organic part, the elastic modulus of the first organic part being lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic part, and the adhesive member being arranged between the display panel and the vibration generator.

[0284] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device may further include a first protective member and a second protective member, and the vibration generator may be disposed between the first protective member and the second protective member.

[0285] The device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may generate sound by vibrating the display panel, and may output the sound with improved sound pressure level characteristics to the front of the display panel (or display device) or a vibrating object.

[0286] In the device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the increase in amplitude displacement of the display panel can improve characteristics of low-pitched sound bands, middle-pitched sound bands, and high-pitched sound bands generated according to the displacement of the display panel or a vibration object.

[0287] The vibration device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may improve characteristics of low-pitched sound band, middle-pitched sound band, and high-pitched sound band sounds generated according to displacement of a vibration plate.

[0288] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made in the present disclosure without departing from the technical concept or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover modifications and variations of the disclosure provided as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0289] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0290] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2010-0184949, filed on December 28, 2020, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Claims

1. A vibration device, comprising: a vibration generator, the vibration generator comprising a vibration portion; Wherein, the vibration part includes: a plurality of inorganic portions having piezoelectric properties, the plurality of inorganic portions being spaced apart from each other; and an organic portion located between at least two of the plurality of inorganic portions, the organic portion having non-piezoelectric properties, The organic portion includes a first organic portion and a second organic portion, wherein the first organic portion is disposed between one of the plurality of inorganic portions and the second organic portion. The elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

2. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The first organic portion includes at least one of an acrylic-based polymer and a silicon-based polymer.

3. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The second organic portion includes an epoxy polymer.

4. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The organic moiety is one of a plurality of organic moieties, and The plurality of inorganic parts and the plurality of organic parts are arranged alternately and repeatedly.

5. The vibration device according to claim 4, wherein The organic portion has a width in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of inorganic portions, and The first organic portion occupies 40% to 80% of a width of the organic portion, and the second organic portion occupies 20% to 60% of a width of the organic portion.

6. The vibration device according to claim 4, wherein The organic portion further includes a third organic portion disposed between the first organic portion and the second organic portion.

7. The vibration device according to claim 6, wherein The elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the third organic portion, and the elastic modulus of the third organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

8. The vibration device according to claim 6, wherein The elastic modulus of the third organic portion is equal to or greater than 0.1 GPa and less than 2.0 GPa.

9. The vibration device according to claim 6, wherein The organic portion has a width in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the plurality of inorganic portions, wherein the first organic portion occupies 20% of the width of the organic portion, wherein the second organic portion occupies 20% to 60% of the width of the organic portion, and The third organic portion occupies 20% to 60% of a width of the organic portion.

10. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The elastic modulus of the first organic portion is equal to or less than 0.1 GPa.

11. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The elastic modulus of the second organic portion is equal to or greater than 2.0 GPa.

12. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of inorganic portions includes a plurality of piezoelectric pillars.

13. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The first organic portion has a thickness of 1 μm to 100 μm.

14. The vibration device according to claim 1, wherein The vibration generator also includes: a first protective member provided at a first surface of the vibration portion; and A second protective member is provided at a second surface of the vibration portion.

15. The vibration device according to claim 14, wherein The vibration generator also includes: a first electrode portion provided between the vibration portion and the first protection member; and A second electrode portion is provided between the vibration portion and the second protection member.

16. The vibration device according to claim 1, further comprising: a pair of first organic moieties; as well as A pair of third organic parts, The second organic portion is provided between the pair of third organic portions, and the pair of third organic portions is provided between the pair of first organic portions.

17. The vibration device according to claim 16, wherein An elastic modulus of the pair of third organic portions is greater than each of an elastic modulus of the first organic portion and an elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

18. A vibration device, comprising: a vibration generator, the vibration generator comprising a vibration portion; Wherein, the vibration part includes: a plurality of inorganic portions having piezoelectric properties and spaced apart from each other; and an organic portion surrounding the plurality of inorganic portions and having non-piezoelectric properties, The organic portion includes a first organic portion directly contacting and surrounding the plurality of inorganic portions and a second organic portion surrounding the outside of the first organic portion. The elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion.

19. The vibration device according to claim 18, wherein The first organic portion has a thickness of 1 μm to 100 μm.

20. An electronic device, comprising: vibrating objects; as well as The vibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the vibration device is provided on a surface of the vibration object.

21. The electronic device according to claim 20, further comprising: A connecting member is provided between the vibration object and the vibration device.

22. The electronic device according to claim 20, wherein The vibrating object includes one or more of a display panel having pixels configured to display an image, a screen panel onto which an image is projected from a display device, a lighting panel, a vibration plate, a glass window of a vehicle, an interior ceiling of a building, a glass window of a building, and a glass window of an aircraft.

23. The electronic device according to claim 20, wherein The material of the vibration object includes one or more of wood, plastic, glass, and cloth.

24. The electronic device according to claim 22, further comprising: A supporting member is provided at a rear surface of the display panel.

25. A display device, comprising: a display panel configured to display an image; an adhesive member disposed on a rear surface of the display panel; as well as A vibration generator, comprising: a plurality of inorganic portions having piezoelectric properties, the plurality of inorganic portions being spaced apart from each other; and a plurality of organic portions, the plurality of organic portions having non-piezoelectric properties, wherein the plurality of organic parts include a first organic part and a second organic part, the first organic part being disposed between one of the plurality of inorganic parts and the second organic part; wherein the elastic modulus of the first organic portion is lower than the elastic modulus of the second organic portion, and Wherein, the adhesive member is provided between the display panel and the vibration generator.

26. The display device according to claim 25, further comprising: a first protective member; as well as a second protective member, Wherein, the vibration generator is provided between the first protection member and the second protection member.

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