A device and method for solving the problem of insulating oil expansion and air removal in high-voltage devices

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for solving the problem of insulating oil expansion and air removal within a high-voltage device. The device comprises an expander and a high-voltage device oil tank. The expander can be mounted at the mounting location of the high-voltage device oil tank. The expander comprises a stainless steel bellows, a flange, and a base plate. The base plate is welded to the end of the stainless steel bellows, and studs are welded to the inside of the base plate, which control and adjust the length of the bellows. The flange is mounted to the end of the stainless steel bellows, and a sealing groove is provided on the outside of the flange for sealing connection with the high-voltage device oil tank. The stainless steel bellows can be in a free state when no external force is applied to the flange or base plate. When axial tension or pressure is applied to the flange or base plate, the stainless steel bellows can extend by a maximum of 15% or compress by 70% in its axial length. The present invention has a simple, reliable, and practical structure, and enables the replacement of vacuum tubes and maintenance of high-voltage devices without requiring specialized vacuum pumping conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and in particular to a device and method for solving the problems of insulating oil expansion and air removal in a high-voltage device. Background Art

[0002] High-power vacuum microwave tubes are widely used in radar transmitters, high-energy physics equipment, and high-power microwave weapons. High-power vacuum microwave tubes operate at high voltages and currents. For example, a klystron tube used in a certain type of high-power radar transmitter has a cathode voltage of 135kV, a pulse current exceeding 120A, and a cathode filament current approaching 20A. To address voltage resistance and cooling issues, high-power vacuum microwave tubes are typically installed in a high-voltage device oil tank. The insulating liquid in the tank (such as transformer oil) provides insulation and heat dissipation for the vacuum microwave tube's cathode.

[0003] At lower frequencies and power levels, the high-voltage fuel tank housing the high-power vacuum microwave tube is typically separated from the antenna. The tank is mounted on the ground or on a fixed platform, with a low-loss transmission line connecting the high-power vacuum microwave tube to the antenna. Heat dissipation during vacuum microwave tube operation causes the insulating fluid to expand, requiring space in the tank to accommodate this expansion. For ground-mounted equipment, or equipment mounted on vehicles or ships, the high-voltage fuel tank remains essentially fixed to the loading platform. The upper portion of the tank contains space for the insulating fluid to expand and is ventilated to the atmosphere.

[0004] However, at higher frequencies and power levels, traditional metal waveguides and various transmission lines suffer from excessive losses and high processing costs. Beam waveguides can reduce transmission losses, but they are bulky and expensive. Furthermore, mounting the high-power vacuum microwave tube and high-voltage fuel tank on the antenna can effectively shorten the transmission path and reduce transmission losses. In mechanically scanned radar and antenna systems, this can also eliminate components such as rotary joints. However, compared to equipment mounted on a fixed platform, the high-voltage fuel tank mounted on the antenna system must rotate or flip with the mechanically scanned antenna. Furthermore, the posture or position of most mechanically scanned antennas fluctuates significantly during operation or transport, and the high-voltage fuel tank mounted on the antenna system will also flip with it. Therefore, the high-voltage fuel tank needs to be sealed. Furthermore, to ensure the insulation requirements of the high-power vacuum microwave tube, reserving expansion space above the high-voltage fuel tank is not feasible. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for solving the expansion of insulating oil and removal of air in a high-voltage device, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a solution to the expansion of insulating oil and the removal of air in a high-voltage device, comprising an expander and a high-voltage device tank, wherein the expander can be assembled at the installation position of the high-voltage device tank, the expander having a stainless steel bellows, a flange and a base plate, wherein the base plate is welded to the end of the stainless steel bellows, a stud is welded on the inner side of the base plate, and the length of the bellows is adjusted by controlling the stud; the flange is assembled to the end of the stainless steel bellows, and a sealing groove is provided on the outer side of the flange for sealing connection with the high-voltage device tank, the stainless steel bellows can be in a free state when no external force is applied to the flange and the base plate, and the stainless steel bellows can be extended by a maximum of 15% or compressed by 70% in axial length when axial tension or pressure is applied to the flange and the base plate.

[0007] Preferably, an exhaust installation position is provided on the cover plate of the oil tank of the high-pressure device, and an exhaust valve can be installed in the exhaust installation position.

[0008] Preferably, the oil tank of the high-pressure device can adjust its posture or position so that the exhaust valve is at the highest point, and the air in the corresponding air cavity can escape from the exhaust valve.

[0009] Preferably, the expander is installed in the oil tank of the high-pressure device in an embedded manner.

[0010] Preferably, the present invention further provides a solution to the above-mentioned insulating oil expansion and air removal in a high-voltage device, comprising the steps of:

[0011] S1: Install the expander and exhaust valve at the expander installation position and exhaust installation position of the high-pressure device tank respectively;

[0012] S2: By adjusting and fixing the axial length of the bellows of the expander, the expander can be expanded or compressed to the required amount, which can be calculated based on the temperature change;

[0013] S3: Fill the oil tank of the high-voltage device with insulating oil. After the oil filling is completed, release the axial length limit of the bellows;

[0014] S4: When the temperature change of the insulating oil causes the volume of the insulating oil to change, thereby causing the pressure of the insulating oil to change, the bellows of the expander will extend or shorten in axial direction under the action of the insulating oil pressure to achieve balance;

[0015] S5: After the insulating oil expands to equilibrium, the oil tank of the high-voltage device is adjusted in position so that the corresponding exhaust valve is at the highest point. That is, the air in the corresponding air cavity is automatically transferred to the exhaust valve position.

[0016] S6: Open the exhaust valve and keep it open. Adjust the length of the expander to allow air to escape. When insulating oil flows out of the exhaust valve, close the exhaust valve and adjust the oil tank posture in turn to expel air, thereby removing all air or bubbles in the oil tank of the high-pressure device.

[0017] Preferably, in S3, in order to prevent the special requirements of on-site maintenance of the equipment without vacuum filling and without insulating oil replenishment, the bellows of the expander is pre-compressed to a certain extent during production filling of the high-pressure device oil tank, so that the oil filling capacity of the oil tank is increased. Therefore, when a small amount of insulating oil is lost during on-site maintenance, the axial length of the expander bellows is increased during installation, thereby reducing the insulating oil capacity of the oil tank, thereby filling the high-pressure device oil tank with insulating oil.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The high-pressure device oil tank of the present invention can be installed in an antenna system for mechanically scanning radars, and can also be used to install radars in fixed positions, with strong versatility.

[0020] 2. The expander used in the oil tank of the high-pressure device of the present invention is of embedded type, which avoids interference with the external space and is convenient to use.

[0021] 3. After the expander is used in the oil tank of the high-voltage device, the insulating oil is isolated from the atmosphere, preventing humid air and dust from entering the insulating oil and thus reducing the insulation performance, improving reliability and extending the maintenance cycle.

[0022] 4. After using the expander, the high-pressure device oil tank of the present invention can adapt to harsh transportation and use environments.

[0023] 5. The expander and the device and method for removing air from the oil tank of a high-pressure device of the present invention are simple, reliable and practical in structure, and can realize the replacement of vacuum tubes and maintenance of high-pressure devices without special vacuuming conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the expander in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the expander in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the expander and the high-pressure device oil tank in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. expander; 101. stainless steel bellows; 102. flange; 103. base plate; 2. high-pressure device oil tank; 104. stud; 201. exhaust valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention provides a technical solution: a device and method for solving the problem of insulating oil expansion and air removal in a high-voltage device. The device and method provide expansion space after the insulating oil temperature rises, so as to prevent the device shell from being subjected to excessive pressure, resulting in insulating oil leakage or shell damage. At the same time, when the equipment is repaired on-site or the vacuum microwave tube is replaced, the high-voltage device oil tank will lose a small amount of insulating oil. In order to meet the insulation requirements of the vacuum microwave tube, the present invention proposes a device and method for driving out the air and compensating for the small loss of insulating oil by adjusting the posture (posture) of the oil tank while adjusting the expansion and contraction amount of the expander 1.

[0032] See also Figure 1-3, a solution to the expansion of insulating oil and removal of air in a high-voltage device, comprising an expander 1 and a high-voltage device tank 2, wherein the expander 1 can be assembled at the installation position of the high-voltage device tank 2, the expander 1 has a stainless steel bellows 101, a flange 102 and a base plate 103, wherein the base plate 103 is welded to the end of the stainless steel bellows 101, and a stud 104 is welded on the inner side of the base plate 101, and the length of the stainless steel bellows 101 is controlled and adjusted by the stud 104; the flange 102 is assembled at the end of the stainless steel bellows 101, and a sealing groove is provided on the outer side of the flange 102 for sealing connection with the high-voltage device tank 2, the stainless steel bellows 101 can be in a free state when no external force is applied to the flange 102 and the base plate 103, and the stainless steel bellows 101 can be extended by 15% or compressed by 70% in axial length at most when axial tension or pressure is applied to the flange 102 and the base plate 103.

[0033] In this embodiment, an exhaust installation position is provided on the cover plate of the high-pressure device oil tank 2 (the exhaust installation position is provided at one or more locations and is designed according to the closed air cavity that may be formed inside the oil tank), and an exhaust valve 201 can be installed in the exhaust installation position.

[0034] In this embodiment, the high-pressure device oil tank 2 can adjust its posture or position so that the exhaust valve 201 is at the highest point, and the air in the corresponding air cavity can escape from the exhaust valve 201.

[0035] In this embodiment, the expander 1 is installed in the high-pressure device oil tank 2 in an embedded manner.

[0036] In this embodiment, a solution to insulating oil expansion and air removal in a high-voltage device includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Install the expander 1 and the exhaust valve 201 on the expander installation position and the exhaust installation position of the high-pressure device oil tank 2 respectively;

[0038] S2: By adjusting and fixing the axial length of the stainless steel bellows 101 of the expander 1, the expander 1 can be expanded or compressed to a desired amount, which can be calculated based on the temperature change;

[0039] S3: Fill the high-voltage device oil tank 2 with insulating oil. After the oil filling is completed, release the axial length limit of the stainless steel bellows 101;

[0040] S4: When the temperature change of the insulating oil causes the volume of the insulating oil to change, thereby causing the pressure of the insulating oil to change, the stainless steel bellows 101 of the expander 1 is extended or shortened in axial direction under the action of the insulating oil pressure to achieve balance.

[0041] In this embodiment, in S3, in order to prevent the special requirements of on-site maintenance of the equipment without vacuum filling and without insulating oil replenishment, the stainless steel bellows 101 of the expander 1 is pre-compressed to a certain extent during production filling of the high-pressure device oil tank 2, so that the oil filling capacity of the high-pressure device oil tank 2 is increased. Therefore, when a small amount of insulating oil is lost during on-site maintenance, the axial length of the bellows 101 is increased during installation, thereby reducing the insulating oil capacity of the high-pressure device oil tank 2, thereby filling the high-pressure device oil tank 2 with insulating oil.

[0042] See also Figure 3 Due to the limitations of internal devices and space layout, two expanders 1 and exhaust valves 201 are designed and installed on the oil tank cover. The flange 102 of the expander 1 is connected to the cover of the oil tank. By adjusting and fixing the axial length of the bellows of the expander 1, so that the expander 1 reaches the required expansion or compression amount (the required expansion of the insulating oil is calculated based on the temperature change), the high-pressure device tank 2 is filled with insulating oil. During production in a regular factory, vacuum filling can be achieved, and there is no air in the high-pressure device tank 2, and it is not connected to the atmosphere. After the oil filling is completed, the axial length limit of the bellows of the expander 1 is released. When the temperature change of the insulating oil causes the volume of the insulating oil to change, which in turn causes the pressure of the insulating oil to change, the bellows of the expander 1, under the action of the insulating oil pressure, the axial length of the bellows of the expander 1 is extended (cooling) or shortened (heating) to reach equilibrium.

[0043] In this embodiment, during on-site maintenance of the high-voltage device oil tank 2 or replacement of the vacuum tube, after assembly and sealing, the air in the tank can be removed by the following steps: First, the high-voltage device oil tank 2 is placed horizontally, with the exhaust valve 201 at its highest point. The exhaust valve 201 is opened and held open, and the length of one of the expanders 1 is slowly increased, allowing air to escape first. When insulating oil flows out of the exhaust valve 201, the exhaust valve is closed and the expander 1 is restrained. After this process, most of the air in the tank is expelled, but air may still remain between the vacuum tube mounting flange and the vacuum tube mounting hole on the tank cover. At this point, the tank's posture is adjusted, with the exhaust valve 201 still at its highest point. The remaining air (bubbles) gradually migrate upward. The exhaust valve 201 is opened and held open, and the length of one of the expanders 1 is slowly increased, allowing air to escape first. When insulating oil flows out of the exhaust valve 201, the exhaust valve 201 is closed and the expander 1 is restrained. If both expanders 1 are at their maximum extension during degassing, but the air in the high-pressure tank remains insufficiently exhausted (no insulating oil escapes from exhaust valve 201), expansion valve 1 alone is insufficient and additional insulating oil is required. If multiple exhaust valves 201 (exhaust ports) are installed, adjusting the tank position sequentially to exhaust the air will completely expel the air from the tank.

[0044] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for expanding insulating oil and removing air in a high voltage device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an expander (1) and a high-pressure device oil tank (2), wherein the expander (1) is assembled at the installation position of the high-pressure device oil tank (2), and the expander (1) has a stainless steel bellows (101), a flange (102) and a bottom plate (103), wherein the bottom plate (103) is welded to the end of the stainless steel bellows (101), and a stud (104) is welded on the inner side of the bottom plate (101), and the length of the stainless steel bellows (101) is controlled and adjusted by the stud (104) so ​​that the air Overflow; The flange (102) is assembled at the end of the stainless steel bellows (101), and a sealing groove is provided on the outside of the flange (102) for sealingly connecting and mounting with the high-pressure device oil tank (2). The stainless steel bellows (101) is in a free state when no external force is applied to the flange (102) and the base plate (103). When the stainless steel bellows (101) is subjected to axial tension or pressure by the flange (102) and the base plate (103), its axial length is extended by 15% or compressed by 70% at most; The cover plate of the high-pressure device oil tank (2) is provided with an exhaust mounting position, and the exhaust mounting position is equipped with an exhaust valve (201); The expander (1) is assembled in the high-pressure device oil tank (2) in an embedded installation manner.

2. A device for expanding insulating oil and removing air in a high-voltage device according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage device oil tank (2) is adjusted in posture or position so that the exhaust valve (201) is at the highest point, and the air in the corresponding air cavity escapes from the exhaust valve (201).

3. A method for using the device for expanding insulating oil and removing air in a high-voltage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Including steps: S1: Installing an expander (1) and an exhaust valve (201) at the expander installation position and the exhaust installation position of the high-pressure device oil tank (2) respectively; S2: by adjusting and fixing the axial length of the stainless steel bellows (101) of the expander (1), the expander (1) is expanded or compressed to a desired amount, the expansion or compression amount being calculated according to the temperature change; S3: Fill the high-voltage device oil tank (2) with insulating oil, and after the oil filling is completed, release the axial length limit of the stainless steel bellows (101); S4: When the temperature change of the insulating oil causes the volume of the insulating oil to change, thereby causing the pressure of the insulating oil to change, the stainless steel bellows (101) of the expander (1) is extended or shortened in axial direction under the action of the insulating oil pressure to achieve equilibrium; S5: After the insulating oil expands to equilibrium, the posture of the high-voltage device oil tank (2) is adjusted so that the corresponding exhaust valve (201) is at the highest point, that is, the air in the corresponding air cavity is automatically transferred to the position of the exhaust valve (201); S6: Open the exhaust valve (201) and keep it open, and allow air to escape by adjusting the length of the expander (1). When insulating oil flows out of the exhaust valve (201), close the exhaust valve (201) and adjust the posture of the high-pressure device oil tank (2) in turn to expel air, thereby completely removing air or bubbles in the high-pressure device oil tank (2).

4. The method for using the device for expanding insulating oil and removing air in a high-voltage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S3, in order to prevent the special requirements of the equipment on-site maintenance from not having vacuum filling and not having insulating oil replenishment, the stainless steel bellows (101) of the expander (1) is pre-compressed to a certain extent during the production filling of the high-pressure device oil tank (2), so that the oil filling capacity of the high-pressure device oil tank (2) is increased. Therefore, when a small amount of insulating oil is lost during on-site maintenance, the insulating oil capacity of the high-pressure device oil tank (2) is reduced by increasing the axial length of the bellows (101) during filling, so that the high-pressure device oil tank (2) is fully filled with insulating oil.

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