Permanent magnet contra-rotating propulsion motor and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor and vehicle.The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor includes two sets of stator and rotor assemblies installed in motor casing, each stator and rotor assembly includes mutually matched stator assembly and rotor assembly, the two rotor assemblies are connected with an axleless propeller respectively, the inner wall of each stator assembly and the outer wall of corresponding rotor assembly are at a certain angle with motor axis and each angle is the same, and the two axleless propellers are coaxially arranged.The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor provided by the application has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low bearing friction loss, high propulsion efficiency, long cruising range, stable operation performance, long service life and wide application prospect in various vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a permanent magnet propulsion motor, in particular to a permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor and a spacecraft, belonging to the technical field of propulsion motors. Background Art

[0002] Electric motors are safe, reliable, environmentally friendly, easy to maintain, and have low operating costs, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. However, as power systems, both traditional piston engines and turboprop engines utilize a single propeller, presenting numerous practical challenges. First, the power unit generates a reverse torque on the aircraft, creating operational inconveniences. Overcoming this reverse torque even requires a series of asymmetric aircraft design changes. Second, single-propeller power systems are inefficient, directly impacting endurance. Third, single propellers are unreliable, making safety difficult to guarantee in the event of motor failure. Fourth, single-propeller power systems are noisy.

[0003] Permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motors can solve the above disadvantages of single-propeller power systems to a certain extent, but they will also bring new problems. For example, the bearings of shaftless propulsion motors are severely worn, which will increase the weight of the motor, increase the complexity of the power system, and increase the maintenance and repair costs during use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor and a spacecraft to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the aforementioned object of the invention, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor, which includes a first stator-rotor assembly and a second stator-rotor assembly installed in a casing, the first stator-rotor assembly including a first stator assembly and a first rotor assembly that cooperate with each other, the second stator-rotor assembly including a second stator assembly and a second rotor assembly that cooperate with each other, the first rotor assembly and the second rotor assembly are coaxially arranged, and the first rotor assembly and the second rotor assembly are respectively connected to a first shaftless propeller and a second shaftless propeller, the angle formed by the inner wall of the first stator assembly and the motor axis is the same as the angle formed by the outer wall of the first rotor assembly and the motor axis, the angle formed by the inner wall of the second stator assembly and the motor axis is the same as the angle formed by the outer wall of the second rotor assembly and the motor axis.

[0007] In some embodiments, the angle formed between the inner wall of the first stator assembly and the motor axis or the angle formed between the inner wall of the second stator assembly and the motor axis is related to the axial magnetic pull of the motor, and the navigation torque of the motor is related to the ratio of the axial magnetic pull to the navigation thrust. After determining the required navigation torque of the motor, the magnitude of the axial magnetic pull of the motor can be obtained, and the magnitude of the required angle can be calculated.

[0008] Among them, the navigation thrust T i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0009] T i＝ρ A0(V A +u a1 )u a

[0010] Where ρ is the fluid density, A0 is the propeller disk area, V A is the propeller sailing speed, u a1 is the velocity increment at the propeller disk, u a is the velocity increment at infinite distance behind the propeller disk;

[0011] The calculation formula of the motor axial magnetic pull F is as follows:

[0012] F = 1.225 × 10 6 D AV tgαL eff (β i B δi ) 2

[0013] Among them, D AV represents the average diameter of the motor rotor, α is the angle, L eff is the effective length of the motor core, B δi is the maximum value of the air gap flux density in the i-th section, β i It is the ratio of the mean square extreme value to the maximum value of the air gap flux density.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second shaftless propeller is located behind the first shaftless propeller in the axial direction, and the first shaftless propeller and the second shaftless propeller are coaxially arranged.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first rotor assembly and the second rotor assembly are respectively connected to an independent control system, and the first rotor assembly and the second rotor assembly rotate in opposite directions and form counter-rotation.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first stator assembly, the second stator assembly, the first rotor assembly, and the second rotor assembly are further filled with packaging materials to form a sealed protective structure.

[0017] After the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor provided in the above embodiments of the present invention is started, the rotor assembly begins to rotate through the magnetic induction between the stator assembly, and since two independent control systems are used, the first and second shaftless propellers can rotate in opposite directions. However, at this time, due to the angle between the inner surface of the stator assembly and the outer surface of the rotor assembly, an axial magnetic pull will be generated. Since the motor is used for propulsion, the reaction force of the fluid can be offset, and the more obvious the propulsion effect, the greater the offsetting force. At the equilibrium point, the air gap size between the stator assembly and the rotor assembly remains unchanged.

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an aircraft, comprising an aircraft body, on which the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor is mounted.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include:

[0020] (1) The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor provided has high propulsion efficiency and can significantly improve the cruising range, safety and reliability;

[0021] (2) The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor provided uses a shaftless propeller, eliminating the propeller support shaft system and its related accessories, increasing the flow area in the duct, effectively reducing flow resistance, and improving power density and efficiency;

[0022] (3) The inner wall of the stator assembly and the outer wall of the rotor assembly of the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor provided have the same angle with the motor axis, which will generate a certain axial magnetic pull during operation, which can effectively offset the reaction force of the bearing friction and the fluid;

[0023] (4) Insulating varnish and epoxy resin are used to seal the rotor assembly and stator assembly in the provided permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor, which can not only play a waterproof role, but also reduce the obstruction of fine sand and gravel entering the motor on the stator and rotor assemblies, and can isolate the air and prevent oxygen corrosion, thereby ensuring the operating stability and service life of the motor propulsion unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1 - housing; 2 - first stator assembly; 3 - second stator assembly; 4 - first rotor assembly; 5 - second rotor assembly; 6 - first shaftless propeller; 7 - second shaftless propeller; 8 - bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] As mentioned above, in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventors of this case have proposed the technical solution of the present invention after long-term research and time, which will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two elements, or interactions between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances. Relational terms such as first and second are used solely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprise," "include," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the elements.

[0030] See also Figure 1In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor includes a first stator-rotor assembly and a second stator-rotor assembly mounted within a housing 1. The first stator-rotor assembly includes a first stator assembly 2 and a first rotor assembly 4 that cooperate with each other. The second stator-rotor assembly includes a second stator assembly 3 and a second rotor assembly 5 that cooperate with each other. The first rotor assembly 4 and the second rotor assembly 5 are coaxially arranged, and the first rotor assembly 4 and the second rotor assembly 5 are respectively connected to a first shaftless propeller 6 and a second shaftless propeller 7. The angle formed between the inner wall of the first stator assembly 2 and the motor axis is the same as the angle formed between the outer wall of the first rotor assembly 4 and the motor axis. The angle formed between the inner wall of the second stator assembly 3 and the motor axis is the same as the angle formed between the outer wall of the second rotor assembly 5 and the motor axis. Utilizing the characteristic that the stator and rotor assemblies form a certain and identical angle with the motor axis not only reduces bearing friction loss but also can be used to offset the reaction force of the fluid on the shaftless propeller blades, thereby improving propulsion efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, air gaps are distributed between the inner wall of the first stator assembly 2 and the outer wall of the first rotor assembly 4, and between the inner wall of the second stator assembly 3 and the outer wall of the second rotor assembly 5. For the same air gap, its size (air gap width) is basically consistent at all locations.

[0032] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the first stator assembly and the outer wall of the first rotor assembly are parallel to each other, and the inner wall of the second stator assembly and the outer wall of the second rotor assembly are also parallel to each other.

[0033] Furthermore, the second shaftless propeller 7 is located axially behind the first shaftless propeller 6, and the first shaftless propeller 6 and the second shaftless propeller 7 are arranged coaxially. The two coaxial shaftless propellers, one rotating forward and the other rotating counterclockwise, generate two unilateral torques, which are offset by the control system to eliminate roll and rollover and improve power.

[0034] Furthermore, the blade diameter of the first shaftless propeller 6 is greater than the blade diameter of the second shaftless propeller 7 .

[0035] Furthermore, the first shaftless propeller 6 and the second shaftless propeller 7 are respectively arranged at the front end and the tail end of the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor.

[0036] Furthermore, the first rotor assembly 4 and the second rotor assembly 5 rotate in opposite directions and form counter-rotation. Specifically, two independent control systems can be used to control the first stator-rotor assembly and the second stator-rotor assembly respectively, so that the first rotor assembly 4 and the second rotor assembly 5 rotate in opposite directions and operate, so that the second shaftless propeller 7 can fully utilize the vortex energy of the first shaftless propeller 6, thereby converting it into effective propulsion power.

[0037] Furthermore, the first stator assembly 2 and the first rotor assembly 4, as well as the second stator assembly 3 and the second rotor assembly 5, are connected via bearings 8. The bearings 8 include, but are not limited to, water-lubricated bearings, open water-resistant mechanical bearings, or sealed mechanical bearings.

[0038] Furthermore, the angles formed between the inner wall of the first stator assembly 2 and the motor axis, and the angles formed between the inner wall of the second stator assembly 3 and the motor axis can be determined by calculation based on the torque navigation requirements of the motor. Specifically, the navigation torque is related to the ratio of the axial magnetic pull and the navigation thrust of the motor, and the axial magnetic pull is related to the size of the aforementioned angle. Therefore, after determining the size of the navigation thrust, the size of the aforementioned angle can be calculated using the relevant formula. Among them, the navigation thrust can be solved using the following formula:

[0039] T i＝ρ A0(V A +u a1 )u a .

[0040] Where ρ is the fluid density, A0 is the propeller disk area, V A is the propeller sailing speed, u a1 is the velocity increment at the propeller disk, u a is the velocity increment at infinite distance behind the propeller disk.

[0041] The aforementioned axial magnetic pull can be calculated by referring to the following formula:

[0042] F = 1.225 × 10 6 D AV tgαL eff (β i B δi ) 2

[0043] Where F represents the magnitude of the axial magnetic pull, D AV represents the average diameter of the motor rotor, α is the aforementioned angle, L eff is the effective length of the motor core, B δi is the maximum value of the air gap flux density in the i-th section, β i It is the ratio of the mean square extreme value to the maximum value of the air gap flux density.

[0044] More preferably, the angles formed between the inner wall of the first stator assembly 2 and the motor axis and the angles formed between the inner wall of the second stator assembly 3 and the motor axis are both greater than 0 and less than or equal to 45°.

[0045] Furthermore, the axial length ratio of the first stator-rotor assembly and the second stator-rotor assembly can be adjusted according to the rotational speed and torque requirements of the counter-rotating propellers.

[0046] Furthermore, the first stator assembly 2 and the second stator assembly 3 include coil windings for generating a rotating magnetic field, and the first rotor assembly 4 and the second rotor assembly 5 include permanent magnets for providing a rotational torque.

[0047] The coil windings and permanent magnets may be coated with insulating varnish. Furthermore, the first stator assembly 2, the second stator assembly 3, the first rotor assembly 4, and the second rotor assembly 5 may be filled with a packaging material to form a sealed protective structure. Suitable packaging materials include, but are not limited to, epoxy resin.

[0048] The aforementioned stator and rotor assemblies are susceptible to corrosion after long-term operation. Insulating paint and packaging materials can not only play a waterproof role, but also reduce the impact of fine sand and gravel entering the motor on the stator and rotor assemblies, and can also isolate the air to prevent oxygen corrosion.

[0049] Furthermore, the aforementioned permanent magnet installation structure includes various permanent magnet motor permanent magnet installation methods such as surface mount or embedded installation structure, but is not limited thereto.

[0050] Furthermore, the material of the permanent magnet may include but is not limited to various magnetic materials such as NdFeB.

[0051] Furthermore, the aforementioned permanent magnet can be arranged in a single section or multiple sections.

[0052] Furthermore, the coil windings provided in each stator assembly may adopt, but are not limited to, distributed windings, concentrated windings or other winding methods.

[0053] Furthermore, the permanent magnets disposed in each rotor assembly can be configured as a single section or multiple sections, and the material can be selected from but not limited to various magnetic materials such as NdFeB.

[0054] Furthermore, the permanent magnets may be installed in various permanent magnet motor installation methods, such as surface mounting or embedded mounting.

[0055] Furthermore, the material of the iron core in the aforementioned stator and rotor assemblies can be, but is not limited to, various magnetic conductive materials such as silicon steel sheets.

[0056] Furthermore, the power of the propulsion motor can be changed by changing the coil winding distribution, number of coil turns, wire diameter of each stator component, changing the material of the stator and rotor cores, changing the material and volume of the permanent magnets, etc.

[0057] Furthermore, the overall propulsion efficiency can be improved by changing the number, shape and material of the blades of each shaftless propeller.

[0058] Furthermore, the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor may be a three-phase motor or a multi-phase motor other than three-phase motor.

[0059] Furthermore, the installation position of the bearing 8 in the housing 1 can also be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can be arranged between the stator and rotor ( Figure 1 ), rotor center position (see Figure 2 ) etc., it is only necessary to enable the two rotor assemblies to rotate freely.

[0060] Furthermore, the internal pressure of the motor can be adjusted by filling and discharging insulating oil in the housing 1 and cooperating with a pressure balancing device to adapt to applications with different water depths.

[0061] The typical embodiment provides a permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor including a stator and rotor assembly with a shaftless propeller controlled by two independent front and rear drive control systems. Since the inner wall of the stator assembly and the outer wall of the rotor assembly in one stator and rotor assembly form the same angle with the motor axis, the existence of this angle can generate a certain axial magnetic pull to offset the bearing friction and the reaction force of the fluid during propulsion, and the two sets of rotor assemblies rotate in opposite directions when working. The second shaftless propeller can effectively utilize the vortex energy in the wake of the first shaftless propeller, thereby having the advantages of high working efficiency, long endurance time, and torque balance.

[0062] The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor provided in this exemplary embodiment can be used as a propeller in a vessel such as a ship. For example, the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor can be arranged at a position such as below or at the tail of the vessel.

[0063] In summary, the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, further significantly reduced bearing friction loss, high propulsion efficiency, and long cruising range. It also has obvious noise control, stable operating performance, long service life, and can be adapted to different pressure environments. It has broad application prospects in various types of aircraft.

[0064] It should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor, comprising a first stator-rotor assembly and a second stator-rotor assembly installed in a housing (1), wherein the first stator-rotor assembly comprises a first stator assembly (2) and a first rotor assembly (4) that cooperate with each other, and the second stator-rotor assembly comprises a second stator assembly (3) and a second rotor assembly (5) that cooperate with each other, wherein the first rotor assembly (4) and the second rotor assembly (5) are coaxially arranged and respectively connected to an independent control system so that the first rotor assembly (4) and the second rotor assembly (5) rotate in opposite directions and form counter-rotation, and the first rotor assembly (4) and the second rotor assembly (5) are respectively connected to a first shaftless propeller (6) and a second shaftless propeller (7), and the first shaftless propeller (6) and the second shaftless propeller (7) are coaxially arranged; characterized in that: The angles formed between the inner wall of the first stator assembly (2) and the motor axis, the angle formed between the outer wall of the first rotor assembly (4) and the motor axis, the angle formed between the inner wall of the second stator assembly (3) and the motor axis, and the angle formed between the outer wall of the second rotor assembly (5) and the motor axis are all the same, and are all greater than 0 and less than or equal to 45°; in the axial direction, the second shaftless propeller (7) is located behind the first shaftless propeller (6), and the blade diameter of the first shaftless propeller (6) is greater than the blade diameter of the second shaftless propeller (7).

2. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Air gaps are distributed between the inner wall of the first stator assembly (2) and the outer wall of the first rotor assembly (4), and between the inner wall of the second stator assembly (3) and the outer wall of the second rotor assembly (5), and the width of the air gaps at each location remains consistent.

3. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shaftless propeller (6) and the second shaftless propeller (7) are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor.

4. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stator assembly (2) and the first rotor assembly (4), as well as the second stator assembly (3) and the second rotor assembly (5), are connected via bearings (8), wherein the bearings (8) include water-lubricated bearings, open water-resistant mechanical bearings, or sealed mechanical bearings.

5. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stator assembly (2) and the second stator assembly (3) include coil windings, and the first rotor assembly (4) and the second rotor assembly (5) include permanent magnets.

6. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exterior of the coil windings and / or the permanent magnets is covered with an insulating varnish.

7. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first stator assembly (2), the second stator assembly (3), the first rotor assembly (4), and the second rotor assembly (5) are also filled with packaging materials to form a sealed protective structure.

8. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The installation structure of the permanent magnet includes a surface-mounted or embedded installation structure.

9. The permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structure of the coil winding includes a distributed winding structure or a concentrated winding structure.

10. A method for calculating the angle in the permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to claim 1, wherein the angle is the angle between the inner wall of the first stator component (2) and the motor axis, the angle between the outer wall of the first rotor component (4) and the motor axis, the angle between the inner wall of the second stator component (3) and the motor axis, or the angle between the outer wall of the second rotor component (5) and the motor axis; characterized in that, The calculation method includes: Determine the navigation thrust and the ratio of the axial magnetic pull of the motor to the navigation thrust according to navigation requirements, then obtain the magnitude of the axial magnetic pull of the motor, and then calculate the magnitude of the angle; Among them, the navigation thrust T i The calculation formula is as follows: ρ is the fluid density, A0 is the propeller disk area, V A is the propeller sailing speed, u a1 is the velocity increment at the propeller disk, u a is the velocity increment at infinite distance behind the propeller disk; The calculation formula of the motor axial magnetic pull F is as follows: F61.225×1 6 D AV tgαL eff (β i B δi ) 2 D AV represents the average diameter of the motor rotor, α is the angle, L eff is the effective length of the motor core, B δi is the maximum value of the air gap flux density in the i-th section, β i It is the ratio of the mean square extreme value to the maximum value of the air gap flux density.

11. An aircraft, comprising an aircraft body, characterized in that: The aircraft body is equipped with a permanent magnet counter-rotating propulsion motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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