A large block flow compaction device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-block flow compaction device and method, which relates to the technical field of the preparation of large bentonite blocks and includes a bracket, a filler box, a conveying station, an upper pressing head, a compaction mold, and a jacking device. The filler box is arranged at the top of the bracket, the conveying station is arranged at the inner top end of the bracket, the discharge port of the filler box faces the conveying station, the upper pressing head is arranged at the bottom of the filler box, a conveying pipe is arranged inside the filler box, the upper pressing head can control the opening and closing of the conveying station, the compaction mold is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressing head, the compaction cavity of the compaction mold faces the upper pressing head, the jacking device includes a mold jacking cylinder and a mold blocking cylinder, the mold jacking cylinder is used for jacking the compaction mold, and the mold blocking cylinder moves with the compaction mold and is used for blocking the bottom of the compaction cavity during the pressing operation; the present invention can control the density change of each position of the block, the density of each position of the soil sample is uniform, so that the soil sample achieves a more stable overall effect under different environments, and is fully automated, improving the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the preparation of large bentonite blocks, and particularly to a large-block flow compaction device and method. Background Art

[0002] Sodium-based bentonite blocks are used to fill around waste cans buried deep underground. When the bentonite is saturated and swells upon contact with water, it integrates with the rock and the waste can. This can not only prevent physical and chemical interactions between the waste can and the surrounding rock, but also filter and collect a small amount of leaked radioactive substances, preventing them from penetrating into the soil, thereby achieving control of radioactive contamination. As a main component or base material of the buffer / backfill material for a high-level waste geological disposal repository, bentonite is a commonly used and very important substance. The buffer material, as an important part of the multi-barrier system in the disposal repository, plays the role of an engineering barrier. Therefore, a large number of bentonite blocks are required to seal the gaps between waste cans. However, the bentonite used as a buffer material not only needs to seal the gaps between the surrounding rock of the disposal repository and the waste can and the fractures in the near-field surrounding rock, but also needs to relieve the effect of the surrounding rock pressure in the formation on the waste can. It is also necessary to control the different densities at different positions of the bentonite block to ensure stability.

[0003] Bentonite blocks are usually formed by unidirectional pressing with a hydraulic press. Due to the unidirectional pressing force that can only move uniformly in one direction and is affected by the resistance between bentonite powders, the density of the finished product is uneven. The density is large in the direction of the force and small in the opposite direction, with a large difference. Some methods use staged pressing to achieve overall uniform density. However, during the process of using bentonite blocks to seal the gaps between waste cans, precise control of the density at different positions of the bentonite block is required to ensure stability, and a large number of bentonite blocks are needed. Staged pressing is very time-consuming due to the back-and-forth movement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-block flow compaction device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can control the density change at each position of the block, make the density of each position of the soil sample uniform, make the soil sample more stable as a whole under different environments, and perform fully automated processing, improving production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a large block flow compaction device, which includes a bracket, a filler box, a conveying station, an upper pressing head, a compaction mold and a lifting device. The filler box is arranged at the top of the bracket, the conveying station is arranged at the inner top end of the bracket, the discharge port of the filler box faces the conveying station, the upper pressing head is arranged at the bottom of the filler box, a conveying pipe is arranged inside the filler box, the upper pressing head can control the opening and closing of the conveying station, the compaction mold is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressing head, the compaction cavity of the compaction mold faces the upper pressing head, the lifting device includes a mold lifting cylinder and a mold blocking cylinder. The mold lifting cylinder is used to lift the compaction mold, and the mold blocking cylinder moves with the compaction mold and is used to block the bottom of the compaction cavity during the pressing operation.

[0007] Preferably, both the mold lifting cylinder and the mold blocking cylinder are hydraulic cylinders. There are two mold lifting cylinders, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the compaction mold. The first hydraulic cylinder piston of the mold lifting cylinder is embedded in the bottom of the compaction mold, and a first pressure sensor is arranged between the first hydraulic cylinder piston and the compaction mold. A first displacement sensor is installed on the first hydraulic cylinder piston, and the cylinder body of the mold lifting cylinder is connected to a first oil tank through a first oil circuit; a workbench is arranged at the top of the second hydraulic cylinder piston of the mold blocking cylinder, the workbench faces the compaction cavity, a second pressure sensor is arranged on the workbench, a second displacement sensor is installed on the second hydraulic cylinder piston, and the cylinder body of the mold blocking cylinder is connected to a second oil tank through a second oil circuit.

[0008] Preferably, a first high-pressure oil pump driven by a first motor is installed on the first oil circuit. The end of the first oil circuit is connected to two sub-oil circuits through a flow dividing valve, and a first high-pressure oil filter and a first servo valve are arranged on both sub-oil circuits.

[0009] Preferably, a second high-pressure oil pump driven by a second motor is installed on the second oil circuit. A check valve, a second high-pressure oil filter and a second servo valve are sequentially arranged at the end of the second oil circuit.

[0010] Preferably, a third pressure sensor is arranged inside the upper pressing head.

[0011] Preferably, a weight sensor is arranged at the bottom of the filler box.

[0012] Preferably, a multi-functional manipulator is further included. The multi-functional manipulator is used to stir the powder to make the powder uniform and evacuate the air; the multi-functional manipulator is also used to move the pressed block to the conveying table.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying table is connected to the packaging table through a conveyor belt.

[0014] Preferably, a control station is further included, and the control station is used to control the operation of the whole device.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for fluidized compaction of large blocks, comprising the following steps:

[0016] (1) Open the filler box and fill in bentonite powder;

[0017] (2) Start the control station and run Motor 1. The hydraulic oil in Oil Tank 1 drives High-pressure Oil Pump 1 through the Motor 1 and enters Oil Circuit 1, flows through the flow dividing valve, High-pressure Oil Filter 1, Servo Valve 1, and enters the cylinder body of the mold lifting cylinder, ready to work at any time;

[0018] (3) Run Motor 2. The hydraulic oil in Oil Tank 2 drives High-pressure Oil Pump 2 through the Motor 2 and enters Oil Circuit 2, flows through the check valve, High-pressure Oil Filter 2, Servo Valve 2, and enters the cylinder body of the mold sealing cylinder, ready to work at any time;

[0019] (4) Set the program. The workbench is lifted to the bottom of the compaction mold by the force of the piston of the oil cylinder 2 and aligns with the bottom of the compaction cavity to seal the compaction cavity. At this time, the upper pressure head automatically opens, and the weight parameter of the bentonite powder set by the control station is automatically and evenly scattered downward through calculation by the weight sensor. After completion, the upper pressure head automatically retracts;

[0020] (5) At the end of the powder scattering, the multi-functional manipulator moves upward by the motor, extends forward, and stirs the powder clockwise to make the powder uniform and evacuate the air;

[0021] (6) Start pressing. Set the lifting speed of the mold lifting cylinder and the mold sealing cylinder by the control station. The mold lifting cylinder and the mold sealing cylinder push the workbench and the compaction mold to move upward synchronously and evenly. Observe the parameters through Pressure Sensor 1, Pressure Sensor 2, Displacement Sensor 1, and Displacement Sensor 2, and can adjust the pushing speed of the mold lifting cylinder and the mold sealing cylinder at any time according to requirements to obtain the desired density at different positions and can stop pushing at any time to complete pressure holding;

[0022] (7) After the pressing is completed, the compaction mold continues to move upward until the bottom end face is flush with the bottom end face of the upper pressure head, and then the pressure on the workbench is unloaded to 0 kN;

[0023] (8) The multi-functional manipulator moves to the front of the pressed block and applies force to move the block to the conveyor table, and moves to the packaging table through the conveyor belt to complete packing.

[0024] (9) While conveying the blocks, the multi-functional manipulator cleans the inner wall of the compaction mold and continues the pressing work.

[0025] The present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] The large block flow compaction device and method provided by the present invention can automatically fill materials, stir and exhaust air, and ensure the compaction effect of blocks. The lower workbench of the hydraulic press and the compaction die can control their speeds respectively, and the density of each position of the block can be controlled. The equipment uses two oil cylinders to control the oil pressure. The hydraulic oil enters the oil circuit driven by an electric motor through a high-pressure oil pump, flows through a check valve, a high-pressure oil filter, and a servo valve, and then enters the oil cylinder, which is safe and stable. The equipment can automatically demold, convey, and vacuum pack, improving work efficiency. It includes the whole process of raw material preparation, pressing preparation, mechanical pressing, automatic die disassembly, automatic block demolding, and vacuum packaging. The content is comprehensive and the process is complete, which is suitable for mass production of large bentonite blocks on the assembly line. The equipment has a good control method, can be manually switched or fully automatic operation, the control system is reliable, the functions are perfect, and the operation and maintenance are convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the large block flow compaction device in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the control station in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the packaging and conveying device where the conveying table is located in the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1 - Motor 1, 2 - Oil tank 1, 3 - High-pressure oil pump 1, 4 - Oil circuit 1, 5 - Flow dividing valve, 6 - High-pressure oil filter 1, 7 - Servo valve 1, 8 - Die lifting cylinder, 9 - Oil cylinder piston 1, 10 - Pressure sensor 1, 11 - Displacement sensor 1, 12 - Compaction die, 13 - Motor 2, 14 - Oil tank 2, 15 - High-pressure oil pump 2, 16 - Oil circuit 2, 17 - Check valve, 18 - High-pressure oil filter 2, 19 - Servo valve 2, 20 - Die sealing cylinder, 21 - Oil cylinder piston 2, 22 - Workbench, 23 - Pressure sensor 2, 24 - Displacement sensor 2, 25 - Bracket, 26 - Upper beam, 27 - Filler box, 28 - Conveying station, 29 - Conveying pipe, 30 - Upper pressing head, 31 - Pressure sensor 3, 32 - Weight sensor, 33 - Multifunctional manipulator, 34 - Control station, 35 - Conveying table, 36 - Conveyor belt, 37 - Packaging table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large block flow compaction device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0034] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] The large block flow compaction device in this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 shown, includes a bracket 25, a filler box 27, a conveying station 28, an upper pressing head 30, a compaction mold 12, a lifting device and a control station 34. The control station 34 is used to control the operation of the entire device. The filler box 27 is arranged at the top of the upper beam 26 of the bracket 25. The conveying station 28 is arranged at the inner top end of the bracket 25. The discharge port of the filler box 27 faces the conveying station 28. The upper pressing head 30 is arranged at the bottom of the filler box 27. A conveying pipe 29 is arranged inside the filler box 27. The upper pressing head 30 can control the opening and closing of the conveying station 28. The compaction mold 12 is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressing head 30. The compaction cavity of the compaction mold 12 faces the upper pressing head 30. The lifting device includes a mold lifting cylinder 8 and a mold sealing cylinder 20. The mold lifting cylinder 8 is used to lift the compaction mold 12. The mold sealing cylinder 20 moves with the compaction mold 12 and is used to seal the bottom of the compaction cavity during the pressing operation.

[0036] In this specific embodiment, the mold lifting cylinder 8 and the mold plugging cylinder 20 are both hydraulic cylinders. There are two mold lifting cylinders 8, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the compaction mold 12. The first oil cylinder piston 9 of the mold lifting cylinder 8 is embedded in the bottom of the compaction mold 12, and a first pressure sensor 10 is arranged between the first oil cylinder piston 9 and the compaction mold 12. A first displacement sensor 11 is installed on the first oil cylinder piston 9. The real-time parameters observed by the first pressure sensor 10 and the first displacement sensor 11 are controlled through the control station 34. The cylinder body of the mold lifting cylinder 8 is connected to the first oil tank 2 through the first oil circuit 4; on the top of the second oil cylinder piston 21 of the mold plugging cylinder 20, there is a workbench 22, which faces the compaction cavity. A second pressure sensor 23 is arranged on the workbench 22, and a second displacement sensor 24 is installed on the second oil cylinder piston 21. The cylinder body of the mold plugging cylinder 20 is connected to the second oil tank 14 through the second oil circuit 16. A high-pressure oil pump 3 driven by a first motor 1 is installed on the first oil circuit 4. The end of the first oil circuit 4 is connected to two sub-oil circuits through a flow dividing valve 5. High-pressure oil filters 6 and servo valves 7 are arranged on both sub-oil circuits. A high-pressure oil pump 15 driven by a second motor 13 is installed on the second oil circuit 16. At the end of the second oil circuit 16, a check valve 17, a second high-pressure oil filter 18 and a second servo valve 19 are arranged in sequence.

[0037] In this embodiment, a third pressure sensor 31 is arranged in the upper pressure head 30, and a weight sensor 32 is arranged at the bottom of the stuffing box 27. The real-time pressing parameters of the upper pressure head 30 are observed through the control station 34, and the opening and closing of the upper pressure head 30 are controlled according to the parameters set by the weight sensor 32.

[0038] In this embodiment, it further includes a multi-functional manipulator 33, which is used for stirring the powder to make the powder uniform and exhausting the air; the multi-functional manipulator 33 is also used for moving the pressed block to the conveying table; the conveying table 35 is flush with the initial position of the workbench 22, and the conveying table 35 is connected to the packaging table 37 through a conveyor belt 36.

[0039] Based on the above large block flow compaction device, in this embodiment, a large block flow compaction method is also provided, including the following steps:

[0040] (1) Open the stuffing box 27 and fill in bentonite powder.

[0041] (2) Start the control station 34 and run the first motor 1. The hydraulic oil in the first oil tank 2 is driven by the first motor 1 to drive the high-pressure oil pump 3 into the first oil circuit 4, flows through the flow dividing valve 5, the first high-pressure oil filter 6, the servo valve 7, and enters the cylinder body of the mold lifting cylinder 8, ready to work at any time;

[0042] (3) Run the second motor 13. The hydraulic oil in the second oil tank 14 drives the high-pressure oil pump two 15 through the second motor 13 and enters the second oil circuit 16. It flows through the one-way valve 17, the second high-pressure oil filter 18, the second servo valve 19, and enters the cylinder body of the mold plugging cylinder 20, ready to work at any time;

[0043] (4) Set the program. The workbench 22 is lifted to the bottom of the compaction mold 12 by the force of the piston two 21 of the oil cylinder and aligns with the bottom of the compaction cavity to plug the compaction cavity. At this time, the upper pressure head 30 automatically opens. The weight parameter of the bentonite powder set by the control station 34 is automatically and evenly sprinkled downward after being calculated by the weight sensor 32. After completion, the upper pressure head 30 automatically retracts;

[0044] (5) At the end of the material spreading, the multi-functional manipulator 33 moves upward by the motor, extends forward, and stirs the powder clockwise to make the powder uniform and evacuate the air;

[0045] (6) Start pressing. The control station 34 sets the lifting speeds of the mold lifting cylinder 8 and the mold plugging cylinder 20. The mold lifting cylinder 8 and the mold plugging cylinder 20 push the workbench 22 and the compaction mold 12 to move upward synchronously and evenly. Observe the parameters through the first pressure sensor 10, the second pressure sensor 23, the first displacement sensor 11, and the second displacement sensor 24, and can adjust the pushing speeds of the mold lifting cylinder 8 and the mold plugging cylinder 20 at any time according to requirements to obtain the desired density at different positions and can stop pushing at any time to complete pressure holding;

[0046] (7) After pressing is completed, the compaction mold 12 continues to move upward until the bottom end face is flush with the bottom end face of the upper pressure head 30, and then the pressure of the workbench 22 is unloaded to 0 kN;

[0047] (8) The multi-functional manipulator 33 moves to the front of the pressed block and applies force to move the block to the conveying table 35, and moves to the packaging table 37 through the conveyor belt 36 to complete packing.

[0048] (9) While conveying the blocks, the multi-functional manipulator 33 cleans the inner wall of the compaction mold 12 and continues the pressing work.

[0049] The present invention uses specific examples to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large block flow compaction device, characterized in that: It includes a bracket, a stuffing box, a conveying station, an upper pressing head, a compaction die and a jacking device. The stuffing box is arranged at the top of the bracket. The conveying station is arranged at the inner top end of the bracket. The discharge port of the stuffing box faces the conveying station. The upper pressing head is arranged at the bottom of the stuffing box. A conveying pipe is arranged inside the stuffing box. The upper pressing head can control the opening and closing of the conveying station. The compaction die is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressing head. The compaction cavity of the compaction die faces the upper pressing head. The jacking device includes a die jacking cylinder and a die blocking cylinder. The die jacking cylinder is used to jack up the compaction die. The die blocking cylinder moves with the compaction die and is used to block the bottom of the compaction cavity during the pressing operation. A pressure sensor three is arranged inside the upper pressing head. A weight sensor is arranged at the bottom of the stuffing box.

2. The large block flow compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the die jacking cylinder and the die blocking cylinder are hydraulic cylinders. There are two die jacking cylinders, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the compaction die. The piston one of the oil cylinder of the die jacking cylinder is embedded in the bottom of the compaction die, and a pressure sensor one is arranged between the piston one of the oil cylinder and the compaction die. A displacement sensor one is installed on the piston one of the oil cylinder. The cylinder body of the die jacking cylinder is connected to a fuel tank one through an oil circuit one. The top of the piston two of the oil cylinder of the die blocking cylinder is provided with a workbench. The workbench faces the compaction cavity. A pressure sensor two is arranged on the workbench. A displacement sensor two is installed on the piston two of the oil cylinder. The cylinder body of the die blocking cylinder is connected to a fuel tank two through an oil circuit two.

3. The large block flow compaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A high-pressure oil pump one driven by a motor one is installed on the oil circuit one. The end of the oil circuit one is connected to two sub-oil circuits through a flow dividing valve. High-pressure oil filters one and servo valves one are arranged on both sub-oil circuits.

4. The large block flow compaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A high-pressure oil pump two driven by a motor two is installed on the oil circuit two. A one-way valve, a high-pressure oil filter two and a servo valve two are sequentially arranged at the end of the oil circuit two.

5. The large block flow compaction device according to claim 4, wherein: It further includes a multi-functional manipulator. The multi-functional manipulator is used to stir the powder to make the powder uniform and evacuate the air. The multi-functional manipulator is also used to move the pressed block to the conveying table.

6. The large block flow compaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying table is connected to the packaging table through a conveyor belt.

7. The large block flow compaction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes a control station. The control station is used to control the operation of the whole device.

8. A large block flow compaction method using the large block flow compaction device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Open the stuffing box and fill in bentonite powder; (2) Start the control station and run the motor one. The hydraulic oil in the fuel tank one is driven by the motor one to drive the high-pressure oil pump one into the oil circuit one, flows through the flow dividing valve, the high-pressure oil filter one, the servo valve one, and enters the cylinder body of the die jacking cylinder, and is ready to work at any time; (3) Run the motor two. The hydraulic oil in the fuel tank two is driven by the motor two to drive the high-pressure oil pump two into the oil circuit two, flows through the one-way valve, the high-pressure oil filter two, the servo valve two, and enters the cylinder body of the die blocking cylinder, and is ready to work at any time; (4) Set the program. The workbench rises to the bottom of the compaction die through the action force of the piston two of the oil cylinder and aligns with the bottom of the compaction cavity to block the compaction cavity. At this time, the upper pressing head automatically opens. The weight parameter of the bentonite powder set by the control station is automatically and evenly sprinkled downward through the calculation of the weight sensor. After completion, the upper pressing head automatically retracts; (5) At the end of the material spreading, the multi-functional manipulator moves upward through the motor, extends forward, and stirs the powder clockwise to make the powder uniform and evacuate the air; (6) Pressing starts. The control station sets the lifting speeds of the die lifting cylinder and the die plugging cylinder. The die lifting cylinder and the die plugging cylinder push the workbench and the compaction die to move upward synchronously and evenly. The parameters are observed through the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the first displacement sensor, and the second displacement sensor, and the pushing speeds of the die lifting cylinder and the die plugging cylinder can be adjusted at any time according to requirements to obtain the desired density at different positions and can stop pushing at any time to complete pressure holding; (7) After pressing is completed, the compaction die continues to move upward until the bottom end face is flush with the bottom end face of the upper punch, and then the pressure on the workbench is unloaded to 0 kN; (8) The multi-functional manipulator moves to the front of the pressed block and applies force to move the block to the conveyor table, and it is moved to the packing table through the conveyor belt to complete packing; (9) While conveying the block, the multi-functional manipulator cleans the inner wall of the compaction die and continues the pressing work.

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