Mine safety anti-collision column with built-in air pressure anti-collision valve

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mine safety anti-collision column with a built-in pneumatic anti-collision valve, comprising a piston, a cavity machined in the piston, and a pneumatic anti-collision valve arranged in the cavity, the pneumatic anti-collision valve comprising a guide sleeve and a T-shaped valve core, the thin end of the T-shaped valve core being inserted into the guide sleeve, and an air cavity being left outside the thick end surface of the T-shaped valve core and being provided with an air vent, a pressure plug or a safety valve, and a limiting step of the T-shaped valve core being provided on the air cavity wall. The guide sleeve is threadedly sealed or fixed to the inner wall of the piston space as a whole, and the pneumatic anti-collision valve may also comprise a separate housing, which is installed in the cavity of the piston. The column adopts an internal circulation liquid supply method, and no liquid supply port is provided on the piston. The pneumatic principle is used to realize the anti-collision and pressure relief of the column and its bracket, and the anti-collision valve is built into the column without affecting the telescopic ratio of the column. The anti-collision valve can be automatically restored and reused, thereby increasing the scope of application of the anti-collision column and its bracket, reducing the application cost of the anti-collision bracket, and improving the production efficiency of the anti-collision bracket application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a coal mine hydraulic support column, in particular to a mine safety anti-collision column with a built-in air pressure anti-collision valve. Background Art

[0002] With the deepening of coal mining, more and more coal mines are mined at depth, and the requirements for the impact resistance of coal mine support equipment are becoming more and more stringent.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the column is the primary supporting component of the support equipment. When the support is subjected to impact loads, the column safety valve is the primary means of unloading to prevent damage. Current safety valves primarily utilize spring compression to release and open a discharge port. When the column is impacted, the column's hydraulic chamber rapidly rises to high pressure. This pressure increase time is significantly shorter than the safety valve's response time to collapse and compression, preventing the valve from opening in time. This can lead to column damage such as bending, cracking, and cylinder expansion.

[0004] The industry is currently developing impact-resistant column technology. Its key principle is that the impacted column directly acts on a "deformable mechanism," such as a special housing or rubber, maintaining a certain level of support during deformation. This mechanism can be installed either outside or inside the cylinder, but both methods affect the column's travel. To maintain a certain clearance distance, the "deformable mechanism" must be sized accordingly, significantly impacting the column's travel. Furthermore, these mechanisms are consumable and lose their effectiveness after one or more impact loads, requiring disassembly and replacement, significantly increasing application costs.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an anti-impact device that can respond immediately to impact loads, give way to reduce pressure, maintain sufficient resistance during the giving way process, effectively protect the columns, and at the same time, be easy to recover and reuse after bearing the impact load. Only then can it be effectively promoted and applied in impact ground pressure working faces to effectively protect the personal and equipment safety of impact ground pressure comprehensive mining working faces.

[0006] In the prior art:

[0007] An anti-impact energy-absorbing device is installed at the column head or the bottom of the column cylinder. One type of device, such as a threaded or cut-off type, crushes a pre-set metal component when the column is subjected to an impact load, providing resistance and pressure relief for the bracket. Another type of device, such as a thin plate shell, closed-cell aluminum foam, silicone rubber foam, or a silicone rubber-filled aluminum foam composite, absorbs energy and prevents impact.

[0008] Such as Chinese patents: application number CN202110976908.6; application number CN202121007166.8; application number CN202110877754.5; application number CN201711129987.7; application number CN202111618881.X; application number CN201910436647.7; and so on.

[0009] The disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art are:

[0010] (1) The anti-impact energy absorption device occupies the travel space of the column, affecting the telescopic ratio of the column, thereby reducing the maximum and minimum height ratio of the support, affecting the adaptability of the support to the thickness of the mined coal seam.

[0011] (2) The anti-impact energy-absorbing device is a disposable consumable. After it is completely deformed by the impact load, the device needs to be replaced, which consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and time, and greatly affects the high-yield and efficient production of the working surface.

[0012] (3) Due to its shortcomings in scope of use, application maintenance and cost, it is difficult to promote and apply it widely.

[0013] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mining safety anti-collision column with a built-in air pressure anti-collision valve to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0015] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0016] The mine safety anti-collision column of the built-in pneumatic anti-collision valve of the present invention includes a movable column, a cavity is processed in the movable column, and a pneumatic anti-collision valve is arranged in the cavity. The pneumatic anti-collision valve includes a guide sleeve and a T-shaped valve core, the thin end of the T-shaped valve core is inserted into the guide sleeve, and an air cavity is left outside the thick end surface of the T-shaped valve core.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the mine safety anti-collision column with a built-in pneumatic anti-collision valve provided by the present invention innovatively implements a built-in anti-collision valve in the column, without affecting the column's telescopic ratio. It also innovatively realizes the automatic recovery and reusability of the anti-collision valve, and innovatively uses the pneumatic principle to achieve anti-collision pressure relief for the column and its support. This expands the scope of application of the anti-collision column and its support, reduces the application cost of the anti-collision support, and improves the production efficiency of the anti-collision support, greatly facilitating the promotion and application of the anti-collision support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a common column structure in the prior art;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a mining safety anti-collision column with a built-in air pressure anti-collision valve provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a mining safety anti-collision column with a built-in air pressure anti-collision valve provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a mining safety anti-collision column with a built-in air pressure anti-collision valve provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5a 、 5b They are respectively schematic diagrams of the guide sleeve and T-type valve core structures in embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cavity structure in the piston in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a pneumatic anti-surge valve with a housing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8a 、 8b 8c are schematic diagrams of different states of the safety anti-collision process of the column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Piston, 2. Housing, 3. Guide sleeve, 4. T-type valve core, 5. Air cavity, 6. Vent, 7. Pressure plug or safety valve, 8. Limit step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] First, the following terms may be used in this article:

[0030] The term “and / or” means that either or both of them can be realized at the same time. For example, X and / or Y includes both “X” or “Y” and “X and Y”.

[0031] The terms "include," "comprises," "contains," "has," or other similar expressions should be interpreted as non-exclusive. For example, "including certain technical features (such as raw materials, components, ingredients, carriers, dosage forms, materials, dimensions, parts, components, mechanisms, devices, steps, procedures, methods, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameters, algorithms, signals, data, products, or manufactured articles, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only the technical features explicitly listed, but also other technical features known in the art that are not explicitly listed.

[0032] The term "consisting of" excludes any technical features not explicitly listed. If used in a claim, this term renders the claim closed, excluding any technical features other than those explicitly listed, except for conventional impurities associated with them. If this term appears only in a clause of a claim, it limits only the elements explicitly listed in that clause; elements listed in other clauses are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this document based on specific circumstances.

[0034] The terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not explicitly or implicitly indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to this document.

[0035] The contents not described in detail in the examples of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. If specific conditions are not specified in the examples of the present invention, the methods are carried out according to conventional conditions in the art or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments used in the examples of the present invention are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0036] The mine safety anti-collision column with a built-in pneumatic anti-collision valve of the present invention includes a piston, a cavity is processed in the piston, and a pneumatic anti-collision valve is arranged in the cavity. The pneumatic anti-collision valve includes a guide sleeve and a T-shaped valve core, the thin end of the T-shaped valve core is inserted into the guide sleeve, and an air cavity is left outside the thick end surface of the T-shaped valve core.

[0037] The guide sleeve is threadedly sealed and connected to the inner wall of the piston space or fixed as a whole. The air cavity is formed between the thick end of the T-shaped valve core and the bottom of the cavity of the piston. The end of the piston is provided with a vent that connects the air cavity with the outside.

[0038] The pneumatic anti-collision valve includes a separate shell, which is installed in the cavity of the piston, the guide sleeve and the T-shaped valve core are installed in the shell, and the air cavity is formed between the thick end of the T-shaped valve core and the bottom of the shell. The bottom of the shell is provided with a vent that communicates between the air cavity and the remaining cavity of the piston.

[0039] A limiting step of the T-shaped valve core is provided on the air cavity wall, and a pressure plug or a safety valve is provided on the vent.

[0040] The column adopts an internal circulation liquid supply method, and no liquid supply port is set on the piston.

[0041] The length of the guide sleeve is determined by calculating the amount of liquid required for the designed retraction stroke, the ratio of the area of ​​the two end faces of the T-shaped valve core is determined by the ratio of the set air cavity pressure to the liquid pressure in the upper cavity of the column, and the position of the limit step is determined by the set maximum compression pressure of the air cavity.

[0042] In summary, the mining safety anti-collision column with a built-in pneumatic anti-collision valve in the embodiment of the present invention innovatively implements a built-in anti-collision valve in the column without affecting the column's telescopic ratio. It also innovatively achieves automatic recovery and repeated use of the anti-collision valve, and innovatively utilizes the pneumatic principle to achieve anti-collision pressure relief for the column and its bracket. This expands the scope of application of the anti-collision column and its bracket, reduces the application cost of the anti-collision bracket, and improves the production efficiency of the anti-collision bracket application, greatly facilitating the promotion and application of the anti-collision bracket.

[0043] Features of the present invention:

[0044] The anti-surge valve is placed in the column plunger, which does not affect the stroke of the column and can immediately feedback the impact load on the column;

[0045] The anti-surge valve uses the volume pressure characteristics of the enclosed gas to achieve the retraction of the column while maintaining the limited resistance.

[0046] After bearing the impact load and releasing the pressure, the anti-rush valve can automatically resume its function. If necessary, the anti-rush valve can also be manually intervened to resume its function.

[0047] In order to more clearly demonstrate the technical solutions and technical effects provided by the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figures 1 to 8c As shown,

[0050] 1. Principle of the invention:

[0051] The column adopts an internal circulation liquid supply type, and no liquid supply pipe is arranged in the column piston. The anti-shock valve is arranged in the column piston and does not occupy the column stroke space.

[0052] A piston valve core connects one end of the column chamber to the high-pressure liquid and the other end to the closed gas chamber. Due to the compressibility of the gas in the closed chamber and the characteristic of increased pressure after compression, when the column is subjected to an impact load, the high-pressure liquid in the column chamber increases in pressure, pushing the piston valve core toward the closed gas box, increasing the volume of the high-pressure liquid chamber and allowing the support to release pressure. Simultaneously, the closed chamber gas is compressed, increasing the air pressure, which acts on the high-pressure liquid through the piston valve core, ensuring working resistance. This also buys time for the column safety valve to open. Once the safety valve opens, the column pressure returns to normal, and the piston valve core gradually resets, preparing for the next impact load.

[0053] 2. Invention Solution:

[0054] 1. The column adopts internal circulation liquid supply method, and there is no liquid supply port on the piston.

[0055] 2. If Figure 6 As shown, a pneumatic anti-collision valve space is machined in the column piston, and an air inlet communicating with the anti-collision valve air cavity is provided on the column head.

[0056] 3. If Figure 2 、 Figure 5a 、 Figure 5b As shown, a sealing guide sleeve and valve core are placed within the piston's air cavity. The guide sleeve is threaded and sealed to the piston's inner wall, and the T-shaped valve core slides along the guide sleeve's inner bore and the piston's inner air cavity wall. The ratio of the valve core's end surface area is determined by the ratio of the set air cavity pressure to the liquid pressure in the upper chamber of the column. A piston valve core limit step is provided on the piston's air cavity wall, based on the set maximum compression pressure of the air pressure chamber. A pressure plug or safety valve is installed at the piston's head vent.

[0057] 4. A seal is installed at the threaded connection between the guide sleeve and the plunger. The length of the guide sleeve is determined by calculating the amount of fluid required for the designed retraction stroke. The T-type valve core and the guide sleeve are compatible in size.

[0058] 5. If Figure 8a 、 Figure 8b 、 Figure 8cAs shown, when the support column is subjected to an impact load, the pressure in the upper cavity of the column increases sharply, and the liquid pressure pushes the anti-shock valve spool toward the air cavity. The piston shrinks, reducing the load impact on the column. The gas in the air cavity is compressed, and the gas pressure increases, maintaining and strengthening the support force of the column. The valve spool reaches the maximum valve spool limit position, thus ensuring that the column is not damaged by pressure. At the same time, the column pressure is transmitted to the lower cavity, pushing the column safety valve to open and unload. The pressure in the column decreases and returns to the working resistance of the column. The spool of the column anti-shock valve also gradually returns to its original position under the pressure of the compressed gas, and the anti-shock valve function is restored. If necessary, the anti-shock valve can also be inflated and pressure-regulated through the vent hole in the column head, and the anti-shock valve function can be restored manually.

[0059] 3. Beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the present invention:

[0060] 1. The anti-collision valve of the present invention is installed in the movable column of the column, which does not affect the stroke and telescopic ratio of the column, and is convenient for universal promotion and application of various brackets.

[0061] 2. The gas anti-surge valve of the present invention can automatically recover under the action of gas pressure after experiencing an impact load and can be reused. Compared with the current disposable anti-surge devices, the cost of use is greatly reduced.

[0062] 3. The anti-shock valve of the present invention is connected to the high-pressure liquid in the upper cavity of the column, and can respond to the impact load immediately, give way to reduce pressure, and maintain sufficient resistance during the giving way process, which can effectively protect the safety of people and equipment in the impact ground pressure fully mechanized mining working face.

[0063] 4. Alternatives:

[0064] 1. If Figure 3 As shown, the upright plunger and the anti-rush valve guide sleeve are designed as an integrated part and are welded to the plunger.

[0065] 2. If Figure 4 、 Figure 7 As shown, an independent gas anti-surge valve is designed, which is composed of a housing, a guide sleeve, a valve core, a plug, and a seal. The gas anti-surge valve is installed in the cavity of the column piston by threaded connection.

[0066] Key technical points of the present invention:

[0067] 1. The anti-surge valve utilizes the compressibility of gas, as well as Boyle's law and Pascal's law, to achieve column pressure relief while ensuring the working resistance of the column. The pressure medium of the anti-surge valve is gas or a gas-liquid mixture.

[0068] 2. The anti-blow valve is installed inside the column, which does not affect the expansion and contraction ratio of the column and can be used for ordinary support.

[0069] 3. The anti-flushing valve can be automatically restored and can be reused.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims. The information disclosed in the background technology section of this article is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that the information constitutes prior art already known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mine safety anti-collision column with a built-in air pressure anti-collision valve, characterized in that: The pneumatic anti-surge valve comprises a piston with a cavity formed therein and a pneumatic anti-surge valve arranged in the cavity. The pneumatic anti-surge valve comprises a guide sleeve and a T-shaped valve core, the thin end of the T-shaped valve core is inserted into the guide sleeve, and an air cavity is left outside the thick end surface of the T-shaped valve core; The guide sleeve is threadedly sealed and connected to the inner wall of the piston space or fixed as a whole. The air cavity is formed between the thick end of the T-shaped valve core and the bottom of the cavity of the piston. The end of the piston is provided with a vent that communicates with the outside of the air cavity. The pneumatic anti-surge valve includes a separate housing, which is installed in the cavity of the piston, the guide sleeve and the T-shaped valve core are installed in the housing, and the air cavity is formed between the thick end of the T-shaped valve core and the bottom of the housing. The bottom of the housing is provided with a vent that communicates between the air cavity and the remaining cavity of the piston; The air cavity wall is provided with a limiting step of the T-shaped valve core, and the vent is provided with a pressure plug or a safety valve; The column adopts an internal circulation liquid supply method, and no liquid supply port is set on the piston.

2. The mine safety anti-collision column with built-in air pressure anti-collision valve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the guide sleeve is determined by calculating the amount of liquid required for the designed retraction stroke, the ratio of the area of ​​the two end faces of the T-shaped valve core is determined by the ratio of the set air cavity pressure to the liquid pressure in the upper cavity of the column, and the position of the limit step is determined by the set maximum compression pressure of the air cavity.

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