Pendulum test device in low-speed impact loading mode and working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a pendulum test device with a low-speed impact loading mode and its operating method, comprising an impact platform device for placing a specimen and a loading device disposed on one side of the impact platform device and for impacting the specimen; the impact platform device comprises a support steel plate and a spring damper disposed on the outside of the support steel plate, the support steel plate being provided with two specimen spacing adjustment mechanisms disposed on the inside thereof for adjusting the spacing along the length of the support steel plate; the loading device comprises a pendulum platform body and a pendulum body with an adjustable mass, the upper end of which is hinged to the top of the pendulum platform body. The present invention has a simple structure and a reasonable design. The number of weights and the height of the pendulum are determined based on the impact kinetic energy required for the test, and the impact load of the pendulum is calculated accordingly, thereby achieving variability in kinetic energy. At the same time, the spring damper can effectively absorb the shock wave generated by the pendulum body, preventing the transmitted wave generated by the support end from further affecting the specimen failure mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pendulum test device in a low-speed impact loading mode and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with increasingly stringent requirements for product structure, impact testing is commonly used in the industrial field to study the impact performance of products under impact loads, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of materials. In the impact field, a pendulum impact device is a commonly used device for impact testing. Its operating principle is to allow a pendulum with a certain weight to generate kinetic energy through the action of gravity at a certain height. When it freely falls to the lowest point, it impacts the surface of the specimen, and the physical properties of the specimen are evaluated based on the damage results. Currently, traditional pendulum impact testers often require frequent replacement of the hammer head to achieve different impact loading forces, which undoubtedly reduces test efficiency and is extremely inconvenient to operate. Traditional pendulum impact testers do not consider the interference caused by the shock wave generated by the hammer head passing through the specimen and then reflecting back into the specimen after reaching the support end. Existing impact test devices have complex structures, high processing costs, cumbersome operation, and high testing and inspection costs. Currently, most impact test devices cannot accurately capture the impact velocity and impact force of the pendulum hammer head. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention improves the above-mentioned problem. That is, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pendulum test device in a low-speed impact loading mode and a working method thereof, which are easy to use and efficient.

[0004] The specific embodiment of the present invention is constructed as follows: it includes an impact platform device for placing a specimen and a loading device arranged on one side of the impact platform device and used to impact the specimen; the impact platform device includes a support steel plate and a spring damper arranged on the outside of the support steel plate, and two specimen distance adjustment mechanisms are arranged on the inside of the support steel plate, which can adjust the spacing along the length direction of the support steel plate; the loading device includes a pendulum platform body and a pendulum body with an adjustable mass, the upper end of which is hinged to the top of the pendulum platform body.

[0005] Furthermore, the spring damper includes a U-shaped steel plate, a first steel plate and a second steel plate are respectively arranged inside the U-shaped steel plate, a plurality of small round tubes are arranged between the first steel plate and the second steel plate, each small round tube is sleeved with a spring, the first steel plate and the U-shaped steel plate are slidingly matched, the second steel plate and the U-shaped steel plate are fixedly connected, and a cylindrical steel is provided between the first steel plate and the support steel plate.

[0006] Furthermore, one end of the small round tube is welded to the first steel plate, and the other end of the small round tube passes through the second steel plate, and both ends of the spring are respectively against the first steel plate and the second steel plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the specimen distance adjustment mechanism includes a slidable support and a support carrying rod arranged on one side of the slidable support. A sliding groove is provided on the inner side of the support steel plate, and the slidable support slides in cooperation with the sliding groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a positioning plate is provided on the upper side of the pendulum platform body, and the positioning plate is provided with a plurality of positioning holes in sequence along the swing direction of the pendulum body, and a positioning steel pipe is inserted into one of the positioning holes to prevent the pendulum body from swinging downward.

[0009] Furthermore, the pendulum body includes a pendulum rod and a pendulum arranged at the lower end of the pendulum rod, a hammer head is provided at the end of the pendulum close to the specimen, a force sensor is provided between the hammer head and the pendulum, and a guide rod for placing a weight is provided at the end of the pendulum away from the specimen, and a hexagonal nut is provided on the guide rod for fixing the weight.

[0010] Furthermore, the pendulum platform body includes a pendulum platform and two supporting shafts arranged above the pendulum platform, and an infrared speed meter is provided at the connection between the supporting shafts and the pendulum platform.

[0011] Furthermore, an I-shaped steel beam is provided below the loading device and the impact platform device, two concave steel blocks are provided between the I-shaped steel beam and the ground, and the loading device and the impact platform device are installed on the I-shaped steel beam.

[0012] Furthermore, a working method of a pendulum test device in a low-speed impact loading mode includes the following steps: (1) before the test, the I-shaped steel beam is connected to the ground through two convex steel blocks, and the loading device and the impact platform device are installed on the I-shaped steel beam; (2) the height of the pendulum body and the number of weights are determined according to the kinetic energy required for the test, and the pendulum body is fixed at the required height; (3) the specimen is placed horizontally on the specimen distance adjustment mechanism, and the distance between the two specimen distance adjustment mechanisms is adjusted to the distance required for the test; (4) during the test, the pendulum body is unlocked and swings freely, causing impact damage to the specimen; (5) when the hammer head of the pendulum body contacts the specimen, the impact speed and impact load of the pendulum at this moment can be obtained by the infrared velocimeter and the force sensor; (6) when the shock wave of the pendulum body passes through the specimen, the spring damper can absorb the shock wave generated by the pendulum body, thereby preventing the transmitted wave generated on the specimen distance adjustment mechanism from affecting the specimen damage mode again.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The impact platform device is simple and convenient to construct, and the force form of the specimen can be changed by adjusting the distance between the two sliding supports. (2) The device expands the research scope of the dynamic mechanical properties of the interface of the dual-material composite specimen; by connecting the spring damper and the support steel plate, when the shock wave of the pendulum body passes through the specimen, the spring damper can absorb the shock wave generated by the pendulum, thereby preventing the transmitted wave generated by the support steel plate end from affecting the specimen failure mode again. (3) When the pendulum body impacts the specimen, the impact force and impact velocity of the pendulum body can be accurately collected by the force sensor and the infrared velocimeter. (4) The device can determine the number of weights and the height of the pendulum according to the impact kinetic energy required for the test, and thus convert the impact load of the pendulum, thereby realizing the variability of kinetic energy. The test device is low in cost, simple to operate, and has low environmental requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the impact platform device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the impact platform device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a spring damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure: 1-impact platform device, 11-support steel plate, 111-sliding groove, 12-spring damper, 121-U-shaped steel plate, 122-first steel plate, 123-second steel plate, 124-small round tube, 125-spring, 126-cylindrical steel, 13-specimen distance adjustment mechanism, 131-slidable support, 132-support carrier rod, 2-loading device, 21-pendulum platform body, 211-pendulum Hammer table, 212-support shaft, 213-infrared velocimeter, 214-perforation, 22-pendulum body, 221-pendulum rod, 222-pendulum, 223-hammer head, 224-force sensor, 225-weight, 226-guide rod, 227-hexagonal nut, 23-positioning plate, 231-positioning hole, 24-positioning steel pipe, 3-I-beam, 4-concave steel block, 5-test piece, 6-bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example: Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a pendulum test device in a low-speed impact loading mode is provided, which includes an impact platform device 1 for placing a test piece and a loading device 2 arranged on one side of the impact platform device and used to impact the test piece.

[0023] The impact platform device 1 includes a support steel plate 11 and a spring damper 12 arranged on the outside of the support steel plate. Two specimen distance adjustment mechanisms 13 are arranged on the inside of the support steel plate and can adjust the distance along the length direction of the support steel plate.

[0024] The loading device includes a pendulum platform body 21 and a pendulum body 22 with an adjustable mass and an upper end hinged to the top of the pendulum platform body.

[0025] In this embodiment, the spring damper 12 includes a U-shaped steel plate 121, and a first steel plate 122 and a second steel plate 123 are respectively arranged inside the U-shaped steel plate. Six small round tubes 124 are arranged between the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and each small round tube is covered with a spring 125. The first steel plate and the U-shaped steel plate are slidably matched, and the second steel plate and the U-shaped steel plate are welded together. A cylindrical steel 126 is provided between the first steel plate and the support steel plate; one end of the cylindrical steel is welded to the support steel plate, and the other end of the cylindrical steel is welded to the first steel plate, to ensure that the shock wave received by the pendulum body by the specimen can be effectively absorbed by the spring damper.

[0026] One end of the small round tube is welded to the first steel plate, and the other end of the small round tube passes through the second steel plate. Both ends of the spring are respectively against between the first steel plate and the second steel plate.

[0027] The second steel plate has a through hole for the small round tube to pass through; when the first steel plate and the second steel plate are compressed and deformed, the small round tube can pass through the through hole.

[0028] In this embodiment, the specimen distance adjustment mechanism 13 includes a slidable support 131 and a support carrying rod 132 arranged on one side of the slidable support. A sliding groove 111 is provided on the inner side of the support steel plate, and the slidable support slides in cooperation with the sliding groove.

[0029] The distance between the two slidable supports is adjusted by sliding along the sliding groove, thereby changing the force form of the samples on the two support carrying rods.

[0030] In this embodiment, a positioning plate 23 is provided on the upper side of the pendulum platform body. The positioning plate has a plurality of positioning holes 231 sequentially provided along the swing direction of the pendulum body. A positioning steel pipe 24 is inserted into one of the positioning holes to prevent the pendulum body from swinging downward.

[0031] In this embodiment, the pendulum body 22 includes a pendulum rod 221 whose upper end is hinged to the upper end of the support shaft via a pin shaft, and a pendulum 222 arranged at the lower end of the pendulum rod. A hammer head 223 is provided at the end of the pendulum close to the specimen, and a force sensor 224 is provided between the hammer head and the pendulum to monitor the instantaneous impact force of the pendulum on the specimen; a guide rod 226 for placing a weight 225 is provided at the end of the pendulum away from the specimen, and a hexagonal nut 227 for fixing the weight is provided on the guide rod.

[0032] The device can determine the number of weights and the height of the pendulum according to the impact kinetic energy required for the test, and thus convert the impact load of the pendulum, thereby realizing the variability of kinetic energy.

[0033] In this embodiment, the pendulum platform body 21 includes a pendulum platform 211 and two support shafts 212 arranged above the pendulum platform. An infrared speed meter 213 is provided at the connection between the support shafts and the pendulum platform to measure the impact velocity of the pendulum when it falls to the lowest point.

[0034] In this embodiment, an I-shaped steel beam 3 is arranged below the loading device and the impact platform device, and two concave steel blocks 4 are provided between the I-shaped steel beam and the ground. The loading device and the impact platform device can be installed on the I-shaped steel beam by bolts 6; the loading device, the loading device and the I-shaped steel beam all have bolt holes.

[0035] The pendulum platform of the above-mentioned loading device is provided with a through hole 214 for the I-beam to pass through; the shape of the through hole is adapted to the shape of the I-beam, and after the I-beam passes through the through hole, the loading device is fixed to the I-beam by bolts; or the connection position between the I-beam and the loading device can be welded and fixed.

[0036] In this embodiment, in order to conduct an impact test on a dual-material composite specimen and study the dynamic fracture mechanical properties of the dual-material interface under low-speed impact, the test steps are as follows: (1) Before the test, the I-shaped steel beam is connected to the ground through two convex steel blocks, and the loading device and the impact platform device are installed on the I-shaped steel beam; (2) The height of the pendulum body and the number of weights are determined according to the kinetic energy required for the test. After confirming the required height of the pendulum, the positioning steel pipe is inserted into the positioning hole of the positioning plate to fix the pendulum, and then the weights of the required weight are placed on the guide rod and tightened with a hexagonal nut; (3 ) Place the specimen horizontally on the support rod and adjust the distance between them to the required distance for the test through two sliding supports; (4) During the test, pull out the positioning steel tube and the pendulum body will swing freely, causing impact damage to the specimen; (5) When the hammer head of the pendulum body contacts the specimen, the impact velocity and impact load of the pendulum at this moment can be obtained through the infrared velocimeter and force sensor; (6) When the shock wave of the pendulum body passes through the specimen, the spring damper can absorb the shock wave generated by the pendulum body, avoiding the transmission wave generated by the sliding support of the specimen distance adjustment mechanism from affecting the specimen failure mode again.

[0037] Unless otherwise stated, for any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, if a numerical range is disclosed, the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range. Any person skilled in the art should understand that the preferred numerical range is merely a numerical range that is representative or has a more obvious technical effect among many feasible numerical values. Due to the large number of numerical values, it is impossible to enumerate them exhaustively. Therefore, the present invention discloses some numerical values ​​to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. Moreover, the numerical values ​​listed above should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] If words such as "first" and "second" are used in this document to limit components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only for the convenience of description to distinguish between components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning.

[0039] At the same time, if the above-mentioned invention discloses or involves components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, using bolts or screws to connect), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by integral molding using a casting process) (except where it is obviously impossible to use an integrated molding process).

[0040] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used in any technical solution disclosed in the present invention to express positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are approximate, similar, or close thereto.

[0041] Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from multiple separate components, or may be a separate component manufactured by an integral molding process.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention. They should all be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pendulum test device in a low-speed impact loading mode, characterized in that: It includes an impact platform device for placing a test piece and a loading device arranged on one side of the impact platform device and used to impact the test piece; The impact platform device includes a support steel plate and a spring damper arranged on the outside of the support steel plate. The support steel plate is provided with two specimen distance adjustment mechanisms on the inside of the support steel plate, which can adjust the distance along the length direction of the support steel plate. The loading device includes a pendulum platform body and a pendulum body with an adjustable mass, the upper end of which is hinged to the top of the pendulum platform body; The spring damper includes a U-shaped steel plate, a first steel plate and a second steel plate are respectively arranged inside the U-shaped steel plate, a plurality of small round tubes are arranged between the first steel plate and the second steel plate, each small round tube is sleeved with a spring, the first steel plate and the U-shaped steel plate are slidably matched, the second steel plate is fixedly connected to the U-shaped steel plate, and a cylindrical steel is provided between the first steel plate and the support steel plate; One end of the small round tube is welded to the first steel plate, and the other end of the small round tube passes through the second steel plate, and both ends of the spring are respectively against the first steel plate and the second steel plate; The specimen distance adjustment mechanism includes a slidable support and a support carrying rod arranged on one side of the slidable support, a sliding groove is arranged on the inner side of the support steel plate, and the slidable support is slidably matched with the sliding groove; A positioning plate is provided on the upper side of the pendulum platform body. The positioning plate is provided with a plurality of positioning holes in sequence along the swing direction of the pendulum body. A positioning steel pipe is inserted into one of the positioning holes to prevent the pendulum body from swinging downward.

2. The pendulum test device of low-speed impact loading mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pendulum body includes a pendulum rod and a pendulum arranged at the lower end of the pendulum rod. A hammer head is provided at the end of the pendulum close to the specimen, a force sensor is provided between the hammer head and the pendulum, and a guide rod for placing a weight is provided at the end of the pendulum away from the specimen, and a hexagonal nut for fixing the weight is provided on the guide rod.

3. The pendulum test device of low-speed impact loading mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pendulum platform body comprises a pendulum platform and two supporting shafts arranged above the pendulum platform. An infrared speed meter is provided at the connection between the supporting shafts and the pendulum platform.

4. The pendulum test device of low-speed impact loading mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: An I-shaped steel beam is provided below the loading device and the impact platform device. Two concave steel blocks are provided between the I-shaped steel beam and the ground. The loading device and the impact platform device are installed on the I-shaped steel beam.

5. The operating method of the pendulum test device in a low-speed impact loading mode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: (1) before the test, the I-shaped steel beam is connected to the ground through two convex steel blocks, and the loading device and the impact platform device are installed on the I-shaped steel beam; (2) the height of the pendulum body and the number of weights are determined according to the kinetic energy required for the test, and the pendulum body is fixed at the required height; (3) the specimen is placed horizontally on the specimen distance adjustment mechanism, and the distance between the two specimen distance adjustment mechanisms is adjusted to the distance required for the test; (4) during the test, the pendulum body is unlocked and swings freely, causing impact damage to the specimen; (5) when the hammer head of the pendulum body contacts the specimen, the impact velocity and impact load of the pendulum at this moment can be obtained by the infrared velocimeter and the force sensor; (6) when the shock wave of the pendulum body passes through the specimen, the spring damper can absorb the shock wave generated by the pendulum body, thereby preventing the transmitted wave generated on the specimen distance adjustment mechanism from affecting the specimen damage mode again.

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