Battery control system, battery control method, storage medium, and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a battery control system, a battery control method, a storage medium, and a vehicle. The vehicle of the present invention includes: an acquisition unit that acquires a state quantity of a battery; a first estimation unit that performs estimation processing for estimating a full charge capacity of the battery based on the state quantity of the battery acquired by the acquisition unit by controlling charging or discharging of the battery; a first transmission unit that transmits a transmission request for requesting transmission of an estimation result of the full charge capacity of the battery to a management device in a case where the estimation processing cannot be performed by the first estimation unit; and a first reception unit that receives the estimation result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device in the case where the estimation processing cannot be performed by the first estimation unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to battery control systems, battery control methods, storage media, and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] If a battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, its full-charge capacity will gradually decrease and it will deteriorate. Since battery degradation affects the systems that use the battery, it is necessary to properly manage the battery's full-charge capacity.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-185124 discloses a method for estimating the full-charge capacity using a cumulative current value that accumulates the input and output current of a battery. In this method, the battery is charged or discharged within a specified range of its state of charge (SOC), the cumulative current value during this period is calculated, and the calculated cumulative current value is divided by the difference in SOC before and after charging / discharging to obtain an estimated value for the full-charge capacity.

[0004] However, the method for estimating full charge capacity described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-185124 requires highly accurate measurement of the current input or output from the battery, necessitating a stable charging or discharging environment with consistent input and output currents. For example, charging or discharging for full charge capacity estimation cannot be performed when power is being supplied from the battery to onboard equipment. Therefore, full charge capacity cannot be estimated unless there is an opportunity not to supply power from the battery to onboard equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a battery control system, battery control method, and battery control program that can estimate the full charge capacity of a battery even when there is no opportunity for the battery to be charged or discharged.

[0006] Technical solution 1 relates to a battery control system comprising a vehicle having a battery and a management device capable of communicating with the vehicle. The vehicle comprises: an acquisition unit that acquires the state of the battery; a first inference unit that performs inference processing to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state of the battery acquired by the acquisition unit through controlling the charging or discharging of the battery; a first transmission unit that, when the first inference unit cannot perform the inference processing, sends a transmission request to the management device requesting the transmission of the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery; and a first receiving unit that receives the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device. The management device comprises: a second receiving unit that receives the transmission request from the vehicle; a second inference unit that, upon receiving the transmission request from the second receiving unit, infers the full charge capacity of the battery; and a second transmission unit that transmits the full charge capacity of the battery inferred by the second inference unit to the vehicle.

[0007] According to the battery control system described in technical solution 1, a process for estimating the full charge capacity of the battery is performed in the vehicle by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery. If the process for estimating the full charge capacity cannot be performed, a result for estimating the full charge capacity of the battery can be obtained from a management device. Therefore, even if the process for estimating the full charge capacity of the battery cannot be performed, a new result for estimating the full charge capacity can still be obtained.

[0008] The battery control system described in technical solution 2 is configured such that, based on the battery control system of technical solution 1, when the first inference unit cannot perform inference processing, the first sending unit sends a transmission request and the battery state value obtained by the acquisition unit to the management device. Furthermore, the second receiving unit receives the transmission request and the battery state value from the vehicle. When the second receiving unit receives the transmission request, the second inference unit infers the full charge capacity of the battery based on the received battery state value.

[0009] According to the battery control system described in technical solution 2, when the process of inferring the full charge capacity of the battery cannot be performed in the vehicle, the vehicle sends the obtained battery state information along with a transmission request to the management device. The management device can infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the battery state information. Therefore, compared with the case where the battery state information cannot be obtained, the management device can infer the full charge capacity of the battery with high accuracy by taking into account the battery state.

[0010] The battery control system described in technical solution 3 is configured such that, based on the battery control system of technical solution 1 or technical solution 2, when the first inference unit cannot perform inference processing, the first sending unit sends the state quantity of the battery obtained by the acquisition unit and the first inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery inferred by the first inference unit to the management device.

[0011] According to the battery control system described in technical solution 3, the management device can obtain a first inference result as the result of inference processing of the battery's full charge capacity performed in the vehicle. Therefore, the management device can obtain an inference result of the battery's full charge capacity under actual usage conditions, and thus can collect a more accurate inference result of the battery's full charge capacity compared to inference results based on battery tests.

[0012] The battery control system described in technical solution 4 is configured as follows: based on the battery control system of technical solution 3, the management device further includes an output unit. The output unit classifies the state quantities of batteries in multiple vehicles received by the second receiving unit and the first inference result according to the state quantities of the batteries, and derives the correspondence between the classified battery state quantities and the full charge capacity of the batteries. When the second receiving unit receives a transmission request, the second inference unit infers the full charge capacity of the batteries based on the received battery state quantities and the correspondence derived by the output unit.

[0013] According to the battery control system described in technical solution 4, the state variables of batteries in multiple vehicles are classified based on the battery state variables and the first inference result, and the correspondence between the classified battery state variables and the full charge capacity of the battery is derived. Therefore, when the inference process of the full charge capacity of the battery cannot be performed in a vehicle, the full charge capacity of the battery can be inferred using the first inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery inferred in other vehicles.

[0014] The battery control system described in technical solution 5 is configured as follows: based on the battery control system of technical solution 4, the vehicle further includes a conversion unit. This conversion unit converts the historical temperature of the battery obtained by the acquisition unit into the usage time when the battery is used at a specified representative temperature. As a state quantity of the battery, the first sending unit sends the usage time converted by the conversion unit to the management device, and the second receiving unit receives the usage time from the vehicle. As a correspondence, the derivation unit derives the correspondence between the usage time and the full charge capacity of the battery.

[0015] According to the battery control system described in technical solution 5, the management device can calculate the full charge capacity of the vehicle's battery based on the usage time at a received representative temperature. Therefore, the management device can estimate the full charge capacity of the battery by taking into account the temperature differences caused by the vehicle and battery's operating environment. Furthermore, since the usage time at a representative temperature is converted from the battery's historical temperature records in the vehicle, the amount of communication that needs to be sent to the management device can be reduced compared to using historical temperature records.

[0016] The battery control system described in technical solution 6 is configured as follows: based on the battery control system described in technical solution 4, as a state quantity of the battery, the first transmitting unit transmits the historical temperature record of the battery obtained by the acquiring unit to the management device, the second receiving unit receives the historical temperature record of the battery from the vehicle, and the management device also includes a conversion unit, which converts the historical temperature record of the battery received by the second receiving unit into the usage time when the battery is used at a specified representative temperature. As a correspondence, the derivation unit derives the correspondence between the usage time and the full charge capacity of the battery.

[0017] The battery control system described in technical solution 6 differs from that in technical solution 5 in that it includes a conversion unit in the management device. Therefore, it eliminates the need for conversion processing in the vehicle, which involves converting historical battery temperature data into usage time at a representative temperature, thus reducing processing costs in the vehicle.

[0018] The battery control system described in technical solution 7 is configured such that, based on the battery control system described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 6, when the first condition of the vehicle is met, the first inference unit controls the charging or discharging of the battery, and when the second condition of the vehicle is not met during the period when the charging or discharging of the battery is controlled by the first inference unit, the first transmission unit considers that the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit and sends a transmission request to the management device.

[0019] According to the battery control system described in technical solution 7, when the process of estimating the full charge capacity of the battery is performed in the vehicle, even if the second condition for controlling the charging or discharging of the battery is not met during the period of controlling the charging or discharging of the battery, the estimation result of the full charge capacity of the battery can still be obtained from the management device.

[0020] Another aspect of this disclosure is the battery control method involved in technical solution 8. The battery control method described in technical solution 8 is a control method executed by a vehicle equipped with a battery and a management device capable of communicating with the vehicle. The vehicle is configured to: obtain the state quantity of the battery; perform inference processing based on the state quantity of the battery obtained by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery to infer the full charge capacity of the battery; if the inference processing cannot be performed, send a transmission request to the management device requesting the transmission of the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery; and receive the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device. The management device is configured to: receive the transmission request from the vehicle; upon receiving the transmission request, infer the full charge capacity of the battery; and send the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery to the vehicle.

[0021] According to the battery control method described in technical solution 8, the full charge capacity of the battery is estimated in the vehicle by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery. If the full charge capacity estimation process cannot be performed, the vehicle can receive the estimated full charge capacity result from the management device. Therefore, even if the full charge capacity estimation process cannot be performed, a new estimated full charge capacity result can still be obtained.

[0022] Another aspect of this disclosure is the storage medium involved in technical solution 9. The storage medium described in technical solution 9 stores a battery control program used in a battery control system comprising a vehicle having a battery and a management device capable of communicating with the vehicle. The battery control program causes the vehicle to perform the following actions: obtain the state of the battery; perform a deduction process based on the state of the battery obtained by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery to infer the full charge capacity of the battery; if the deduction process cannot be performed, send a transmission request to the management device requesting the transmission of the deduction result of the full charge capacity of the battery; and receive the deduction result of the full charge capacity from the management device. The battery control program causes the management device to perform the following actions: receive the transmission request from the vehicle; upon receiving the transmission request, infer the full charge capacity of the battery; and send the deduction result of the full charge capacity of the battery to the vehicle.

[0023] According to the storage medium described in technical solution 9, the full charge capacity of the battery is estimated in the vehicle by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery. If the full charge capacity estimation process cannot be performed, the vehicle can receive the estimated full charge capacity result from the management device. Therefore, even if the full charge capacity estimation process cannot be performed, a new full charge capacity estimation result can be obtained.

[0024] The vehicle described in technical solution 10 is a vehicle equipped with a battery and capable of communicating with an external management device. The vehicle includes: an acquisition unit that acquires the state of the battery; a first inference unit that performs inference processing to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state of the battery acquired by the acquisition unit by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery; a first transmission unit that, when the inference processing cannot be performed by the first inference unit, sends a transmission request to the management device requesting the transmission of the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery; and a first receiving unit that receives the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device.

[0025] According to the vehicle described in technical solution 10, a process for estimating the full charge capacity of the battery is performed in the vehicle by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery. If the process for estimating the full charge capacity cannot be performed, a result for estimating the full charge capacity can be obtained from a management device. Therefore, even if the estimation of the full charge capacity of the battery cannot be performed, a new result for estimating the full charge capacity can be obtained.

[0026] The battery control system described in technical solution 11 is a battery control system comprising a vehicle having a battery and a management device capable of communicating with the vehicle. The vehicle includes: an acquisition unit that acquires the state of the battery; a first inference unit that performs inference processing to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state of the battery acquired by the acquisition unit through controlling the charging or discharging of the battery; a first transmission unit that, when the inference processing cannot be performed by the first inference unit, transmits the state of the battery acquired by the acquisition unit and a first inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery inferred by the first inference unit to the management device; and a first receiving unit. The management device comprises: a second receiving unit that receives battery state quantities and a first inference result inferred by the first inference unit from a vehicle; a derivation unit that derives the correspondence between battery state quantities and the full charge capacity of the battery when the first inference unit cannot perform inference processing; and a second sending unit that sends the correspondence derived by the derivation unit to the vehicle.

[0027] According to the battery control system described in technical solution 11, a process for inferring the full charge capacity of the battery is performed in the vehicle by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery. If the full charge capacity inference process cannot be performed, the full charge capacity can be inferred based on a correspondence derived from a management device. Therefore, even when the full charge capacity inference cannot be performed, a new full charge capacity inference result can be obtained.

[0028] As explained above, the battery control system, battery control device, battery control method, and storage medium according to the present invention can infer the full charge capacity of the battery and control the battery appropriately even when there is no opportunity for the battery to be charged or discharged.

[0029] The features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals denote the same elements. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a block diagram showing the hardware structure of the battery control system according to the first embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the functional structure of the vehicle according to the first embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3AThis is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of the temperature history record used to explain the operation of the temperature history record of the vehicle according to the first embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3B It is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and degradation for explaining the operation of the temperature history record of the vehicle according to the first embodiment.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating the functional structure of the central server according to the first embodiment.

[0035] Figure 5A This is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of the storage unit for collecting information according to the first embodiment.

[0036] Figure 5B This is an explanatory diagram showing the data structure of the parsed information in the storage unit according to the first embodiment.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the vehicle according to the first embodiment.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the conversion process performed by the battery control device according to the first embodiment.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the first deduction process performed by the battery control device according to the first embodiment.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the central server according to the first embodiment.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the export process of the central server involved in the first embodiment.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the second inference process of the central server involved in the first embodiment.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a block diagram illustrating the functional structure of the central server involved in the second embodiment.

[0044] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating the second inference process of the central server involved in the second embodiment.

[0045] Figure 14 This is a block diagram illustrating the functional structure of the vehicle according to the third embodiment.

[0046] Figure 15This is a block diagram illustrating the functional structure of the central server involved in the third embodiment.

[0047] Figure 16 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the vehicle according to the third embodiment.

[0048] Figure 17 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the central server involved in the third embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described based on the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the battery control system according to this embodiment can be applied to battery control systems in vehicles equipped with batteries, including electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and engine vehicles. Unless otherwise specified, the scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited to the configuration of structural components or the functional configuration of control described in this embodiment.

[0050] <First Embodiment>

[0051] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the hardware structure of the battery control system according to this embodiment. The battery control system consists of a hybrid vehicle 100 (hereinafter referred to as vehicle 100) and a central server 200 capable of communicating with vehicle 100 via network N. Figure 1 Only one vehicle 100 is shown, but the central server 200 is able to communicate with multiple vehicles 100.

[0052] use Figure 1 The device structure of vehicle 100 is described below. Vehicle 100 includes DCM 130, battery 110, sensor 160, battery control device 120, generator 140, and load 150.

[0053] DCM130 is a communication interface used for data communication with the central server 200 described later. DCM130 functions as a sending unit (first sending unit) for sending information to the central server 200 and a receiving unit (first receiving unit) for receiving information from the central server 200.

[0054] Battery 110 is a high-voltage drive battery capable of charging and discharging; for example, it is a lithium-ion battery. Power is supplied to battery 110 from a generator 140, such as a motor generator. Alternatively, it can be configured to receive power from an external charger. Battery 110 supplies power to a load 150, including a drive motor or other drive device. Sensor 160 measures the current and temperature of battery 110.

[0055] The battery control device 120 is configured to control the charging of the battery 110 from the generator 140 and the discharging of the battery to the load 150. The battery control device 120 acquires the current and temperature measured by the sensor 160. The battery control device 120 has a readable storage medium such as RAM, and is capable of storing and storing the current and temperature acquired from the sensor 160 and various information received from the central server 200.

[0056] The battery control device 120 is a microcomputer composed of a CPU, ROM, RAM, etc. The battery control device 120 is connected to communicate with other devices via a communication line. For example, it is configured to exchange information with a gear shift lever and a display device (not shown).

[0057] The battery control device 120 performs: a first inference process, which controls the charging and discharging of the battery 110 by executing a program stored in ROM by the CPU, thereby inferring the full charge capacity of the battery 110; and a conversion process, which converts the temperature obtained by the sensor 160 into usage time.

[0058] use Figure 2 The functional structure of the vehicle 100 according to this embodiment will be explained using a block diagram showing the functional structure of the vehicle 100 according to this embodiment. With the above-described hardware structure, the vehicle 100 realizes the functions of the acquisition unit 123, the first inference unit 121, the first storage unit 124, the conversion unit 122, the first transmission unit 131, and the first receiving unit 132.

[0059] The acquisition unit 123 acquires measured values ​​of current and temperature from the sensor 160. The acquired measured value of current is output to the first inference unit 121 and used for inference of full charge capacity by the first inference process. The acquired measured value of temperature is stored in the first storage unit 124.

[0060] The first deduction unit 121 performs a first deduction process to deduce the full charge capacity of the battery 110 by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery 110. The first deduction process is attempted to be executed at predetermined intervals, and begins when predetermined conditions are met. The predetermined interval is, for example, two months. The predetermined conditions are a situation where stable charging or discharging of the input and output current is possible, and an environment where power supply from the battery 110 to the load 150 is not required. In the drive battery of the hybrid vehicle 100, the battery 110 is charged based on regenerative power from the generator 140 and discharged to loads such as the drive unit during driving. Therefore, it can be considered that the battery 110 can be stably charged or discharged when the vehicle 100 is parked. As an example, the predetermined condition is when the gear shift lever of the vehicle 100 is set to the parking position.

[0061] The first inference unit 121 performs charge / discharge control in the first inference process to charge or discharge the battery 110 within a predetermined SOC range. For example, the first inference unit 121 discharges the battery 110 from a first SOC value to a second SOC value. The first and second values ​​are values ​​within the range where the battery's SOC should be controlled, with the first value being greater than the second value. If the vehicle 100 is connected to an external charger and can charge the battery 110, the battery 110's SOC can also be charged from the second value to the first value.

[0062] The first estimation unit 121 accumulates the current value of the battery 110 obtained from the acquisition unit 123 during the period when the battery 110 is charged and discharged within a specified SOC range, and obtains a current accumulation value. Furthermore, the first estimation unit 121 estimates the full charge capacity by dividing the current accumulation value by the SOC range during which the battery 110 is charged and discharged by the charge and discharge control, and obtains a first estimation result. The first estimation result is stored in the first storage unit 124.

[0063] If a predetermined period has elapsed since the last estimation of full charge capacity and the first condition is met, the first estimation unit 121 begins charge / discharge control of the battery 110. The first condition is that the gear shift lever of the vehicle 100 is set to the parking position. If, even after the predetermined period, the first condition is not met and charge / discharge control of the battery 110 cannot begin within the predetermined period, the first estimation unit 121 determines that the full charge capacity of the battery 110 cannot be estimated.

[0064] The aforementioned charge / discharge control takes approximately 10 minutes. Therefore, for the first condition, in addition to the conditions described above, it is also possible to display the required time for charge / discharge control and whether it can be executed on a display device (not shown), and have the occupant grant permission for the execution of charge / discharge control as the first condition. Thus, permission can be granted after informing the occupant that a 10-minute parking state must be maintained before the execution of charge / discharge control.

[0065] Furthermore, after charging and discharging control begins, if the second condition is not met, the first inference unit 121 stops the charging and discharging control. Therefore, the first inference unit determines that it cannot infer the full charge capacity of the battery 110. The second condition is that the gear shift lever of the vehicle 100 is set to the parking position.

[0066] The first storage unit 124 stores the measured temperature value obtained by the acquisition unit 123 as a temperature history record, including time information. For example, such as Figure 3AAs shown, the storage unit stores the cumulative time for each temperature in multiple intervals. These intervals are, for example, divided into intervals of 5 degrees Celsius each. For instance, if the measured temperature during the period from time t1 to time t2 is 22 degrees Celsius, the central value is 20 degrees Celsius, and the intervals above 17.5 degrees Celsius but below 22.5 degrees Celsius are added to the time between t2 and t1. Furthermore, the time information can be obtained by a timer (not shown) or calculated based on the predetermined temperature acquisition cycle of the acquisition unit 123. The storage structure of the storage unit uses the cumulative time at each temperature interval as an example, but it is sufficient to store the time the battery 110 is placed in a certain temperature environment; the data structure is not limited to the above-described structure.

[0067] The conversion unit 122 performs a conversion process that calculates the usage time of the battery 110 at a representative temperature based on the temperature history records stored in the storage unit. The capacity reduction rate Lf[%] accompanying the aging of the battery 110 depends on the degradation coefficient Kf[−] and the elapsed time. Here, the degradation coefficient Kf is calculated according to the Arrhenius formula and by Equation 1.

[0068]

Formula 1

[0069]

[0070] Here, A is a constant, Ea [J / mol] is the activation energy, R [J / (K·mol)] is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature [K]. That is, the degradation coefficient is a function of temperature; the higher the temperature, the greater the degree of degradation and the easier it is to deteriorate. Figure 3B The diagram shows the relationship between the logarithm of the degree of degradation and the reciprocal of the temperature.

[0071] Therefore, the ratio of the degradation coefficient Kf(Ta) at any temperature Ta to the degradation coefficient Kf(Tf) at a representative temperature Tr can be obtained through Equation 2.

[0072]

Formula 2

[0073]

[0074] When battery 110 is placed in an environment representing temperature Tr, the time it takes for the battery 110 to deteriorate to the same degree as if it were placed in an environment representing any temperature Ta for a period of time ta can be determined by the ratio of the degradation coefficient. For example, if the reaction rate at 60°C is derived to be 5 times that at a representative temperature of 50°C, and the recorded cumulative time at 60°C is, for example, 100 hours, then it can be converted to a cumulative time of 500 hours at 50°C.

[0075] Equation 3 provides a conversion formula for converting the cumulative time of an object's temperature into the usage time representing temperature Tr.

[0076]

Formula 3

[0077]

[0078] In this way, the usage time tr at the representative temperature Tr is obtained. Furthermore, the constant A and activation energy Ea are uniquely determined based on the battery 110, so it is not necessary to calculate the ratio of the degradation coefficient at each temperature every time; instead, the result of the pre-quantified constants at the design time can be stored as a conversion map. In this embodiment, an example is shown where the conversion map is stored in the first storage unit 124.

[0079] The conversion process performed by the conversion unit 122 can be performed periodically, or it can be performed when the first inference unit 121 performs charge and discharge control, or when information is sent from the first transmission unit 131 to the central server 200 (described later).

[0080] The first transmitting unit 131 transmits vehicle information to the central server 200 via the DCM 130. Here, the vehicle information is information related to the vehicle 100, such as the aforementioned transmission request, usage time, and first inference result. When the first inference unit 121 can infer the full charge capacity of the battery 110 and obtain the first inference result, the first transmitting unit 131 outputs the first inference result and usage time to the DCM 130 and transmits them to the central server 200 via the DCM 130.

[0081] If the full charge capacity cannot be deduced by the first inference unit 121, the first transmission unit 131 outputs a transmission request to the central server 200 requesting the transmission of the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery 110, along with the usage time, to the DCM 130, and transmits it to the central server 200 via the DCM 130. The transmission request includes identification information that can identify the vehicle 100. The first transmission unit 131 may transmit the transmission request and the usage time simultaneously, or it may transmit them at separate times along with the identification information indicating that they are part of a group.

[0082] In the above, the first transmitting unit 131 can determine that the full charging capacity cannot be deduced by the first inference unit 121 by obtaining information indicating that it cannot be deduced from the first inference unit 121, or it can determine that the full charging capacity cannot be deduced by the first inference unit 121 by not obtaining an inference result from the first inference unit 121.

[0083] The first receiving unit 132 receives a second estimation result of the full charge capacity inferred by the central server 200 via the DCM 130. The second estimation result is stored in the first storage unit 124.

[0084] With the above structure, even when the full charge capacity cannot be deduced by the first deduction unit 121 of the battery control device 120, the full charge capacity can be obtained from the first deduction result of the first deduction unit 121. Even when the full charge capacity cannot be deduced by the first deduction unit 121, a transmission request can be sent from the first transmission unit 131 to obtain a second deduction result of the full charge capacity from the central server 200. Therefore, even when the full charge capacity cannot be deduced by the battery control device 120 of the vehicle 100, a deduction result of the full charge capacity from the central server 200 can be obtained, thereby enabling appropriate updates to the full charge capacity.

[0085] Next, the central server 200 involved in this embodiment will be described. The central server 200 collects vehicle information from multiple vehicles 100 and infers the full charge capacity of the battery 110 of each vehicle 100 based on the collected vehicle information. Figure 1 The hardware structure of the central server 200 will now be described. The central server 200 includes a communication device 230, a database 220, and a central control device 210. Furthermore, the central server 200 can be a single device or a combination of multiple devices.

[0086] The communication device 230 receives vehicle information from multiple vehicles and sends the received vehicle information to the central control device 210. In addition, the communication device 230 receives a transmission request from the vehicle 100 as a request to infer the full charge capacity of the battery 110, and sends a second inference result of the full charge capacity inferred based on the transmission request to the vehicle 100.

[0087] Database 220 stores vehicle information collected from multiple vehicles 100. The vehicle information stored in database 220 includes usage time and full charge capacity at representative temperatures.

[0088] The central control device 210 is a microcomputer composed of a CPU, ROM, RAM, etc. The central control device 210 performs: an export process, in which the CPU executes a program stored in the ROM to export the correspondence between usage time and full charge capacity stored in the database 220; and a second inference process, inferring the full charge capacity upon receiving a transmission request from the vehicle 100 via the communication device 230.

[0089] use Figure 4 The block diagram shown illustrates the functional structure of the central server 200 according to this embodiment, and the functional structure of the central server 200 according to this embodiment will be explained. The central server 200 implements the functions of the second receiving unit 231, the second transmitting unit 232, the second inference unit 211, the output unit 212, and the second storage unit 221 through the above-described hardware structure.

[0090] The second receiving unit 231 and the second transmitting unit 232 are functional units implemented by the communication device 230. The second receiving unit 231 receives, via the DCM 130, vehicle information such as usage time, first estimation result of full charge capacity, and transmission request from the battery control device 120 of the vehicle 100.

[0091] The second transmitting unit 232, based on the transmitting request received from the vehicle 100 via the second receiving unit 231, transmits a second estimation result of the full charging capacity, estimated by the second estimation unit 211 (described later), to the vehicle 100 that sent the transmitting request. The second transmitting unit 232 determines the recipient of the second estimation result based on the vehicle 100 identification information included in the transmitting request received from the second receiving unit 231, and transmits it to the determined vehicle 100.

[0092] The second storage unit 221 is a functional unit composed of the database 220. The second storage unit 221 stores first information D1 based on a first inference result of the full charge capacity, which is inferred by controlling the charge and discharge of the battery 110 in multiple vehicles 100. Figure 5 shows an example of the data structure of the first information D1.

[0093] use Figure 5A Let's explain the first information D1 in more detail below. The first information D1 includes collection information D12, which is the inference result of the full charge capacity collected from multiple vehicles 100, and analysis information D11, which is obtained by the derivation unit 212 based on the collection information D12 to derive the correspondence between usage time and full charge capacity. When the second receiving unit 231 obtains the usage time t_o [h] at the representative temperature Tr of the battery 110 and the first inference result F_o [Ah] of the full charge capacity from the vehicle 100, the second storage unit 221 stores the obtained information as collection information D12. In addition, when the derivation unit 212 derives the correspondence between usage time t_o and the first inference result F_o, the second storage unit 221 stores the obtained correspondence as analysis information D11.

[0094] The export unit 212 performs an export process that derives the correspondence between usage time t_o and full charge capacity F_o from the collection information D12 stored in the second storage unit 221. The export unit 212 categorizes the groups of usage time t_o and full charge capacity F_o stored in the multiple vehicles 100 in the second storage unit 221 into multiple intervals based on the magnitude of the usage time t_o. In this embodiment, the export unit 212 categorizes them into three intervals: large, medium, and small, based on the magnitude of the usage time t_o. However, the number of intervals is not limited to this.

[0095] Furthermore, the derivation unit 212 selects the minimum value of the classified full charge capacity F_o as the representative value F_e[Ah] of the full charge capacity. In this way, the derivation unit 212 obtains the correspondence between the classified full charge capacity F_o and the representative value F_e relative to the usage time t_o, and stores it as parsing information D11 in the second storage unit 221. Figure 5B In the example of parsing information D11, three intervals are classified according to the size of the usage time t_o, and the representative value F_e of the full charge capacity F_o in each interval is shown.

[0096] When the collection information D12, which collects and stores groups of usage time t_o and full charge capacity F_o from multiple vehicles 100, has accumulated a predetermined number of groups, the export unit 212 performs the export process described above. Furthermore, when a predetermined number of groups have been collected, the export unit 212 updates the correspondence. The export unit 212 compares the representative value F_e of the full charge capacity F_o for each exported category with the minimum value of the newly accumulated full charge capacity F_o for each category, and updates the minimum value to the new representative value F_e.

[0097] Furthermore, the method for selecting the representative value F_e of the full charge capacity F_o is not limited to the minimum value; the average value of each category can also be used as the representative value. Additionally, the derivation of the correspondence in the derivation unit 212 is not limited to the example described above; the relationship can also be derived from the group of usage time t_o and full charge capacity F_o. Furthermore, the accuracy of the correspondence derived in the derivation unit 212 can be confirmed based on previously implemented test data.

[0098] Upon receiving a transmission request from vehicle 100 via communication device 230, the second inference unit 211 performs a second inference process to infer the full charge capacity. When parsed information D11, which is a correspondence derived by the derivation unit 212, is stored in the second storage unit 221, the second inference unit 211 infers the full charge capacity of the battery 110 of vehicle 100 based on the usage time received by the second receiving unit 231 from vehicle 100 along with the transmission request, and the correspondence stored in the second storage unit 221. Furthermore, if the number of collected information D12 from multiple vehicles 100 in the second storage unit 221 is insufficient to derive a correspondence, the full charge capacity of battery 110 is inferred based on first information D1 stored in the second storage unit 221. The second inference result of the full charge capacity inferred by the second inference unit 211 is then transmitted to vehicle 100 via the second transmission unit 232.

[0099] use Figure 6 The control flow executed by vehicle 100 in this embodiment will be described. As an example, this control flow begins when the IG state of vehicle 100 changes to ON.

[0100] In step S101, the first inference unit 121 determines whether it is an inference opportunity for full charge capacity. For example, if a predetermined period has elapsed since the last full charge capacity inference process, the first inference unit 121 determines that it is an inference opportunity for full charge capacity and proceeds to step S102. The predetermined period is, for example, two months. If it is determined that it is not an inference opportunity for full charge capacity, it returns to step S101.

[0101] In step S102, the conversion unit 122 performs a conversion process. The conversion unit 122 converts the battery 110's usage time at a representative temperature based on the historical temperature records stored in the first storage unit 124. Figure 7 The details of the conversion process will now be explained. After the conversion process is performed in step S102, the process proceeds to step S103.

[0102] Next, in step S103, the first inference unit 121 performs the first inference process. Using Figure 8 The details of the first inference process will now be explained. After the first inference process is executed in step S103, the process proceeds to step S104.

[0103] Next, in step S104, the first transmitting unit 131 determines whether the first inference unit 121 has completed the first inference process. For example, if the completion flag obtained from the first inference unit 121 contains a '1' indicating that the first inference process has been completed, it is determined that the first inference process has been completed. In other words, the first inference process being completed means that the first inference unit 121 has executed the first inference process and is able to obtain a first inference result indicating full charging capacity. If it is determined that the first inference process has been completed, the process proceeds to step S105. If it is determined that the first inference process has not been completed, the process proceeds to step S106.

[0104] In step S105, the first transmitting unit 131 outputs the first inference result and usage time to the DCM 130, and sends them to the central server 200 through the DCM 130.

[0105] In step S106, the first transmitting unit 131 outputs a transmission request to the central server 200 requesting the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery 110, along with the usage time, to the DCM 130, and transmits it to the central server 200 via the DCM 130. Alternatively, the first transmitting unit 131 may transmit the transmission request and usage time simultaneously, or it may transmit them separately along with identification information indicating that it belongs to a group. After executing step S106, the process proceeds to step S107. In step S107, the first receiving unit 132 receives the second inference result of the full charge capacity inferred by the central server 200 from the central server 200 via the DCM 130. This control flow ends if step S105 or step S107 has been executed.

[0106] use Figure 7 The conversion process based on the battery control device 120 will be described. In this embodiment, the conversion process begins when the first inference unit 121 determines that it is a time when the battery is fully charged. The conversion process is performed by the conversion unit 122 to convert the battery 110 usage time at a representative temperature based on the temperature history stored in the first storage unit 124.

[0107] In step S201, the conversion unit 122 retrieves the temperature history record from the first storage unit 124. For the temperature history record, the accumulated time ta for each temperature Ta, divided into multiple intervals, is stored as described above. The number of intervals is n, and the accumulated times t1, t2, ..., tn are stored for temperatures T1, T2, ..., Tn respectively. Next, in step S202, the processing of step S203 is repeated n times for the number of intervals. In step S203, the conversion unit 122 converts the accumulated time at each temperature into a usage time tr representing the temperature Tr and accumulates it, iterating through the number of intervals n. Thus, the conversion unit 122 obtains the usage time tr representing the temperature Tr. After executing step S203 up to the number of intervals n, the conversion unit 122 ends the conversion process.

[0108] use Figure 8 The first deduction process of the battery control device 120 for full charge capacity will be described. In step S301, the first deduction unit 121 resets various parameters. Initial values ​​are substituted into the timer, completion flag, and current accumulation value, which will be described later. The initial value is preferably zero.

[0109] In step S302, the first inference unit 121 determines whether the first condition is true. If the first condition is true, the process proceeds to step S303. If the first condition is determined to be false, the process proceeds to step S308.

[0110] In step S303, the first inference unit 121 begins charge / discharge control of the battery 110. The first inference unit 121 executes charge / discharge control to charge or discharge the battery 110 within a predetermined SOC range. Furthermore, during the charging or discharging of the battery 110, the acquisition unit 123 acquires a measured value of the battery 110's current from the sensor 160. The first inference unit 121 then accumulates the acquired current measurements.

[0111] Next, in step S304, the first inference unit 121 determines whether the second condition is met during the execution of charge / discharge control. If the second condition is met, the process proceeds to step S305. Otherwise, if the second condition is not met, the charge / discharge control is stopped, and the first inference process ends.

[0112] In step S305, the first inference unit 121 determines whether charge / discharge control is complete. For example, if the battery 110 discharges or charges within a preset time period, the first inference unit 121 determines that charge / discharge control is complete. Alternatively, if the sensor 160 measures the voltage of the battery 110 and the inferred SOC based on the battery 110 voltage is either the lower limit or the upper limit of the inferred full-charge capacity, the charge / discharge control is determined to be complete. If the first inference unit 121 determines that charge / discharge control is complete, the process proceeds to step S306. If the first inference unit 121 does not determine that charge / discharge control is complete, charge / discharge control continues, and the process returns to step S304.

[0113] In step S306, the first estimation unit 121 divides the accumulated current value by the range of SOC for charging and discharging the battery 110 through charge and discharge control, thereby obtaining a first estimation result of the full charge capacity. Next, in step S307, 1 is substituted into the completion flag.

[0114] In step S308, the first inference unit 121 refers to a timer to determine whether a timeout has occurred. If the first inference unit 121 determines that a timeout has occurred, the first inference process ends. If the first inference unit 121 does not determine that a timeout has occurred, the process returns to step S302.

[0115] This control flow ends when the first inference process is completed, or when the first inference process is interrupted, or when the first condition is not met and a timeout occurs.

[0116] use Figure 9The control flow executed by the central server 200 in this embodiment will be described below. In step S401, it is determined whether the second receiving unit 231 has received vehicle information from the vehicle 100. If it is determined in step S401 that the second receiving unit 231 has received vehicle information, the process proceeds to step S402. If it is not determined in step S401 that the second receiving unit 231 has received vehicle information, the process returns to step S401.

[0117] In step S402, it is determined whether the vehicle information received by the second receiving unit 231 from the vehicle 100 is a transmission request. In other words, it is determined whether the second receiving unit 231 has received a transmission request from the vehicle 100. If it is determined in step S402 that the second receiving unit 231 has received a transmission request, the process proceeds to step S403. If it is not determined in step S402 that a transmission request has been received, the process proceeds to step S405.

[0118] In step S403, the second inference unit 211 performs a second inference process to infer the full charge capacity, and obtains a second inference result. Figure 11 The second inference process will be explained. Next, in step S404, the second sending unit 232 sends the second inference result to the vehicle 100 that sent the sending request to the central server 200.

[0119] In step S405, the second storage unit 221 stores the first inference results received by the second receiving unit 231 from the vehicle 100 regarding the usage time at a representative temperature and the full charge capacity of the battery 110 as collection information D12. Next, in step S406, the export unit 212 performs an export process. Figure 10 The export process is explained in detail.

[0120] use Figure 10 The export process based on the central server 200 will be described below. In step S501, the export unit 212 determines whether the quantity n of the collected information D12 stored in the second storage unit 221 is a predetermined quantity n1 or more. If it is determined to be a predetermined quantity n1 or more, the process proceeds to step S502. If it is determined not to be a predetermined quantity n1 or more, the export process ends.

[0121] In step S502, the derivation unit 212 determines whether the difference between the number n of collected information D12 stored in the second storage unit 221 and the predetermined number n1 is divisible by dn. If it is divisible, the process proceeds to step S503. That is, when a set of first inference results of usage time and full charge capacity of a predetermined number n1 or more is accumulated, the processing after step S503 is executed every time dn is accumulated. Thus, whenever a predetermined number of data points is reached and a certain number of data points are accumulated, the derivation unit 212 executes the derivation of parsing information D11, which is the correspondence between usage time and full charge capacity, based on the first inference results of full charge capacity collected from multiple vehicles 100.

[0122] In step S503, the derivation unit 212 categorizes the usage time stored in the second storage unit 221 of the multiple vehicles 100, along with the first inference result, based on the usage time of multiple intervals. Next, in step S504, the processing of the number of categories in step S505 is repeatedly performed.

[0123] In step S505, the derivation unit 212 stores the minimum full-charge capacity of the classified groups as a representative value of the full-charge capacity during the usage time of its classification. Furthermore, if a previously derived value has been derived from a classification, the representative value of the full-charge capacity for each classification is compared with the newly accumulated minimum full-charge capacity for each classification, and the minimum value is updated as the new representative value.

[0124] Next, in step S506, the derivation unit 212 stores the correspondence between the inferred values ​​of full charge capacity for each category as parsing information D11 in the second storage unit 221. In the control flow described above, the correspondence is derived based on the total number of data points, but it is also possible to determine whether to derive the correspondence based on the number of data points for each category.

[0125] use Figure 11 The second inference process for determining full charging capacity by the central server 200 will be explained. In step S601, the second inference unit 211 determines whether parsing information D11, which is a correspondence derived by the derivation unit 212, is stored in the second storage unit 221. If it is determined in step S601 that parsing information D11, which is a correspondence derived by the derivation unit 212, is stored in the second storage unit 221, the process proceeds to step S602. If it is not determined in step S601 that parsing information D11, which is a correspondence derived by the derivation unit 212, is stored in the second storage unit 221, the second inference process ends. That is, if the number of collected information D12 from multiple vehicles 100 in the second storage unit 221 is insufficient and no correspondence is derived, the second inference process ends without determining full charging capacity.

[0126] In step S602, the second inference unit 211 infers the full charge capacity of the battery 110 of the vehicle 100 based on the usage time received by the second receiving unit 231 from the vehicle 100 along with the transmission request and the correspondence stored in the storage unit.

[0127] In the second inference process described above, if a full charge capacity cannot be inferred, the central server 200 notifies the vehicle 100 of the second inference result indicating that a full charge capacity cannot be inferred. In this case, the vehicle 100 may also use the previous inference result instead of the second inference result indicating a full charge capacity. Alternatively, the vehicle 100 may retain information about the relationship between usage time and degradation obtained through prior experiments and use it as a substitute for inferring the full charge capacity.

[0128] <Second Implementation>

[0129] In the first embodiment described above, an example is shown where, in the case where the amount of inference results for the full charge capacity from multiple vehicles 100 is insufficient to derive a corresponding relationship, no full charge capacity inference is performed, and the central server 200 notifies the vehicle 100 of a second inference result indicating that the full charge capacity cannot be inferred. In the second embodiment, in the case where the amount of inference results for the full charge capacity from multiple vehicles 100 is insufficient to derive a corresponding relationship, the full charge capacity is inferred using measurement data from a previously conducted experiment in the second inference process.

[0130] In the second embodiment, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described. The basic structure of the battery control system, the hardware structure of the vehicle 100, and the functional structure are the same, so the description is omitted.

[0131] Figure 12 This is a functional structure diagram of the management system involved in the second embodiment. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the second storage unit 221, which is a functional unit of the central server 200, stores, in addition to the first information D1, a first inference result of the full charge capacity inferred by controlling the charge and discharge of the battery 110 in multiple vehicles 100, second information D2, which relates to the degradation characteristics of the battery 110 obtained by conducting tests on the battery 110 in advance.

[0132] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the second inference process performed by the central server 200 according to the second embodiment. For example... Figure 13 As shown, in the second embodiment, the central server 200 adds a new step S603 to the processing.

[0133] use Figure 13The second inference process for full charging capacity by the central server 200 will be explained. In step S601, the second inference unit 211 determines whether parsing information D11, which is a correspondence derived by the derivation unit 212, is stored in the second storage unit 221. If it is determined in step S601 that parsing information D11, which is a correspondence derived by the derivation unit 212, is stored in the second storage unit 221, the process proceeds to step S602. If it is not determined in step S601 that parsing information D11, which is a correspondence derived by the derivation unit 212, is stored in the second storage unit 221, the process proceeds to step S603. That is, if the number of collected information D12 from multiple vehicles 100 in the storage unit is insufficient and no correspondence is derived, the process proceeds to step S603.

[0134] In step S603, the second inference unit 211 infers the full charge capacity of the battery 110 based on the usage time received by the second receiving unit 231 from the vehicle 100 along with the transmission request and the second information D2 stored in the second storage unit.

[0135] Therefore, even if the amount of inference results for the full charge capacity from multiple vehicles 100 is insufficient and no corresponding relationship is derived, the full charge capacity of battery 110 can still be inferred based on the second information D2. Furthermore, compared to the case where the inference mapping for the full charge capacity is independently available in each vehicle 100, a large amount of information can be accumulated using the database 220 of the central server 200. Therefore, although the accuracy is lower than the first inference result in the vehicles 100, the inference of the full charge capacity can be performed and updated through the central server 200.

[0136] <Third Implementation>

[0137] In the first and second embodiments described above, an example is shown where the central server 200 includes a second inference unit 211. In the third embodiment, the vehicle 100 includes the second inference unit 211.

[0138] In the third embodiment, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described. The basic structure of the battery control system is the same, therefore, the description is omitted. Figure 14 As shown in the functional structure diagram of vehicle 100, the battery control device 120 of vehicle 100 includes a second inference unit 211. Instead, in Figure 15 In the functional structure diagram of the central server 200, the second inference unit 211 may not be included. Furthermore, the battery control device 120 receives the parsing information D11 from the central server 200 and stores the parsing information D11 in the first storage unit 124.

[0139] Figure 16This refers to the control flow of the processing performed by the vehicle 100 according to the third embodiment. For example... Figure 16 As shown, in the third embodiment, if it is determined in S104 that the inference of the first inference process has not been completed, the process proceeds to S108 and executes the second inference process.

[0140] Figure 17 This refers to the control flow of the processing executed by the central server 200 according to the third embodiment. For example... Figure 17 As shown, in the third embodiment, steps S407 and S408 are newly added.

[0141] If it is determined in step S401 that the second receiving unit 231 has received vehicle information, the process proceeds to step S405. In step S405, the second storage unit 221 stores the first inference results received by the second receiving unit 231 from the vehicle 100 regarding the usage time at a representative temperature and the full charge capacity of the battery 110 as collection information D12. Next, in step S406, the export unit 212 performs export processing.

[0142] After the export process is performed in S406, the process proceeds to step S407. In step S407, it is determined whether new parsing information D11 was generated during the export process. If it is determined that new parsing information was generated during the export process, in other words, if the parsing information D11 was updated using the accumulated collected information D12, the process proceeds to step S408. If it is not determined that new parsing information D11 was generated during the export process, the central server 200 terminates this process. In step S408, the central server 200 sends the parsing information D11 to the vehicle 100 via the second sending unit 232.

[0143] Therefore, even when the first inference process for full charging capacity cannot be performed in the vehicle 100 and the environment is not in which communication with the central server 200 is not possible, the second inference process based on the parsing information D11 received in advance from the central server can still be performed.

[0144] <Variation Example>

[0145] The embodiments described above are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, the elements disclosed in the above embodiments are intended to include all design changes and equivalents that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0146] For example, in the above embodiment, an example is shown where the function of the conversion unit 122 is located in the vehicle 100, but it can also be configured such that the function of the conversion unit 122 is located in the central server 200. In this case, the vehicle 100 sends temperature history record information to the central server 200, and the central server 200 converts the received temperature history record information into usage time.

[0147] Therefore, there is no need to perform the conversion process from temperature history records to usage time at representative temperatures in vehicle 100, thus reducing the processing cost in vehicle 100.

[0148] In the above-described embodiment, the information related to the state quantity of the battery 110 exchanged between the vehicle 100 and the central server 200 is the usage time of the battery 110 at a representative temperature, but the state quantity may also be information that only indicates the number of charge and discharge cycles and the usage time of the battery 110.

[0149] In the above embodiment, an example is shown where, when the first inference process for full charge capacity cannot be performed in vehicle 100, the state information of battery 110 is sent to central server 200 along with a transmission request. However, vehicle 100 may also send only a transmission request without including the state information. In this case, central server 200 pre-stores information related to usage status, such as battery 110 usage time, in each vehicle 100. Upon receiving a transmission request, central server 200 identifies vehicle 100 based on the vehicle identification information included in the received transmission request, and infers the full charge capacity by reading usage-related information for each vehicle 100 from database 220.

[0150] Therefore, when the first inference process for full charging capacity cannot be performed in vehicle 100, the amount of information sent from vehicle 100 to the management device can be reduced.

[0151] In the above embodiment, battery 110 is used as a high-voltage battery for driving in the hybrid vehicle 100, but it can also be configured as an auxiliary battery. Additionally, it can be used as a backup battery to support power supply in the event of a main battery failure during autonomous driving. The conditions for performing the first full-charge capacity estimation process in the vehicle 100 can be set separately depending on the battery used.

Claims

1. A battery control system comprising a vehicle having a battery and a management device capable of communicating with said vehicle, wherein, The vehicle has the following features: The acquisition unit acquires the state parameters of the battery. The first inference unit performs inference processing to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state quantity of the battery obtained by the acquisition unit by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery; The first transmitting unit sends a transmission request to the management device requesting the transmission of the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery when the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit. as well as The first receiving unit receives the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device. The management device includes: The second receiving unit receives the transmission request from the vehicle; The second inference unit infers the full charge capacity of the battery when the second receiving unit receives the transmission request. as well as The second sending unit sends the full charge capacity of the battery, which is inferred by the second inference unit, to the vehicle.

2. The battery control system according to claim 1, wherein, If the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit, the first transmission unit sends the transmission request and the battery status value obtained by the acquisition unit to the management device. The second receiving unit receives the transmission request and the battery status information from the vehicle. When the second receiving unit receives the transmission request, the second inference unit infers the full charge capacity of the battery based on the received state quantity of the battery.

3. The battery control system according to claim 1, wherein, If the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit, the first sending unit sends the state quantity of the battery obtained by the acquisition unit and the first inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery inferred by the first inference unit to the management device.

4. The battery control system according to claim 3, wherein, The management device further includes an export unit, which classifies the state states of the batteries in the multiple vehicles received by the second receiving unit and the first inference result based on the state states of the batteries, and exports the correspondence between the classified state states of the batteries and the full charge capacity of the batteries. When the second receiving unit receives the transmission request, the second inference unit infers the full charge capacity of the battery based on the received state quantity of the battery and the correspondence derived by the derivation unit.

5. The battery control system according to claim 4, wherein, The vehicle also includes a conversion unit that converts the historical temperature of the battery obtained by the acquisition unit into the usage time when the battery is used at a specified representative temperature. As a state quantity of the battery, the first transmitting unit sends the usage time, converted by the conversion unit, to the management device. The second receiving unit receives the usage time from the vehicle. As a correspondence, the derivation unit derives the correspondence between the usage time and the full charge capacity of the battery.

6. The battery control system according to claim 4, wherein, As a state quantity of the battery, the first transmitting unit sends the historical temperature data of the battery, obtained by the acquiring unit, to the management device. The second receiving unit receives historical data on the temperature of the battery from the vehicle. The management device also includes a conversion unit that converts the historical temperature of the battery received by the second receiving unit into the usage time when the battery was used at a specified representative temperature. As a correspondence, the derivation unit derives the correspondence between the usage time and the full charge capacity of the battery.

7. The battery control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, When the first condition of the vehicle is met, the first inference unit controls the charging or discharging of the battery. If the second condition of the vehicle is not met during the period when the battery is being charged or discharged by the first inference unit, the first sending unit considers that the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit and sends the sending request to the management device.

8. A battery control method, executed by a vehicle equipped with a battery and a management device capable of communicating with said vehicle, wherein, The vehicle is configured as follows: Obtain the state parameters of the battery. Perform a process to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state variables of the battery obtained by controlling its charging or discharging. If the inference process cannot be performed, a request is sent to the management device requesting the transmission of the inference result of the battery's full charge capacity. Receive the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device. The management device is configured as follows: Receive the transmission request from the vehicle. Upon receiving the sending request, the full charge capacity of the battery is inferred. The inference of the battery's full charge capacity is sent to the vehicle.

9. A storage medium storing a battery control program for use in a battery control system having a vehicle with a battery and a management device capable of communicating with said vehicle, wherein, The battery control program causes the vehicle to perform the following actions: Obtain the state parameters of the battery. Perform a process to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state variables of the battery obtained by controlling its charging or discharging. If the inference process cannot be performed, a request is sent to the management device requesting the transmission of the inference result of the battery's full charge capacity. Receive the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device. The battery control program causes the management device to perform the following actions: Receive the transmission request from the vehicle. Upon receiving the sending request, the full charge capacity of the battery is inferred. The inference of the battery's full charge capacity is sent to the vehicle.

10. A vehicle having a battery and being able to communicate with an external management device, wherein, The vehicle has the following features: The acquisition unit acquires the state parameters of the battery. The first inference unit performs inference processing to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state quantity of the battery obtained by the acquisition unit by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery; The first transmitting unit sends a transmission request to the management device requesting the transmission of the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery when the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit. as well as The first receiving unit receives the inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery from the management device.

11. A battery control system comprising a vehicle having a battery and a management device capable of communicating with said vehicle, wherein, The vehicle has the following features: The acquisition unit acquires the state parameters of the battery. The first inference unit performs inference processing to infer the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state quantity of the battery obtained by the acquisition unit by controlling the charging or discharging of the battery; The first transmitting unit, when the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit, sends the state quantity of the battery obtained by the acquiring unit and the first inference result of the full charge capacity of the battery inferred by the first inference unit to the management device. The first receiving unit receives from the management device the correspondence between the state quantity of the battery and the full charge capacity of the battery; as well as The second inference unit, when the inference process cannot be performed by the first inference unit, infers the full charge capacity of the battery based on the state variables of the battery and the correspondence received by the first receiving unit. The management device includes: The second receiving unit receives from the vehicle the state quantity of the battery and the first inference result inferred by the first inference unit; The derivation unit derives the correspondence based on the state quantity of the battery received by the second receiving unit and the first inference result; as well as The second sending unit sends the correspondence derived by the exporting unit to the vehicle.

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