An L-shaped miniaturized laser cladding head device

Abstract

This invention patent relates to the field of laser cladding, specifically an L-shaped mini laser cladding head device, which includes a collimation module, a mirror mounting seat, a positioning washer, a locking collar, a protective lens, a mirror, a water pipe joint, a locking bolt, a protective mirror drawer, a protective gas module, a protective gas joint, an X-axis adjustment module, a Z-axis adjustment module, a tightening screw, a copper seat connecting column, a conical copper seat, a powder feeding pipe, and a pressing washer. This invention patent has the advantages of small size, convenient handling, and can be applied to various cladding occasions, such as ordinary cladding, inner hole cladding, and handheld cladding, filling the gap of mini laser cladding head devices in the market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the field of laser cladding, and specifically to an L-shaped mini laser cladding head device. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology is a new surface modification technology that emerged in the 1970s with the development of high-power lasers. Laser surface cladding is a surface strengthening method in which alloy powder or ceramic powder and the surface of the workpiece substrate are rapidly heated to melting under the action of a laser beam, and then self-cooled after the laser beam is removed, thereby forming a surface coating with a very low dilution rate and metallurgical bonding with the workpiece substrate material, thus significantly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, and electrical properties of the workpiece substrate surface.

[0003] Chinese Patent: A laser cladding head, authorization announcement number: CN212894978U, authorization announcement date: April 6, 2021. By setting a baffle to reduce the splashing of slag onto the lens, it plays a protective role for the lens and the laser cladding head, reducing the damage to the laser cladding head; at the same time, the baffle can isolate part of the heat, further reducing the damage to the laser cladding head. Other auxiliary structures can further protect the lens and the laser cladding head. However, like the existing cladding heads, this patent has some defects. The existing cladding heads are placed at the end of a robot or on a multi-axis manipulator, with insufficiently compact volume, inconvenient to pick up, constantly occupying the resources of the robot or multi-axis manipulator, and not applicable to various cladding scenarios, such as ordinary cladding, inner hole cladding, or hand-held cladding. There is a large gap in the mini laser cladding head devices on the market. Therefore, it is necessary to design an L-shaped mini laser cladding head device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention patent relates to the field of laser cladding, and specifically to an L-shaped mini laser cladding head device to solve the problems raised in the above background art, that is, the existing cladding heads are placed at the end of a robot or on a multi-axis manipulator, with insufficiently compact volume, inconvenient to pick up, constantly occupying the resources of the robot or multi-axis manipulator, and not applicable to various cladding scenarios, such as ordinary cladding, inner hole cladding, or hand-held cladding. There is a large gap in the mini laser cladding head devices on the market.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An L-shaped mini laser cladding head device, comprising a collimation module, a protective gas module, an X-axis adjustment module and a Z-axis adjustment module. The collimation module is connected to a mirror mounting seat. The mirror mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole, and a first protective lens is mounted in the mounting hole. A mirror is fixedly mounted at one end of the through hole of the mirror mounting seat away from the first protective lens. A protective lens drawer is provided on the lower end face of the mirror. A second protective lens is mounted below the protective lens drawer. The protective gas module is fixedly connected below the mirror mounting seat. A protective gas connector is fixedly connected to the protective gas module. The X-axis adjustment module is fixedly connected to the protective gas module. The X-axis adjustment module is connected to the Z-axis adjustment module by a fixing means.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: a copper seat connecting column is provided between the Z-axis adjustment module and the X-axis adjustment module. The copper seat connecting column is connected to a tapered copper seat by a fixing means. The copper seat connecting column is connected to the Z-axis adjustment module by a tightening screw.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: a positioning washer is provided between the collimation module and the mirror mounting seat. The positioning washer is sleeved outside the junction of the collimation module and the mirror mounting seat. The collimation module and the mirror mounting seat are fixedly connected after ensuring the relative position is accurate through the positioning washer.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: a locking collar is provided outside the first protective lens. The first protective lens is placed in the mounting hole of the mirror mounting seat, and the first protective lens is fixed by the locking collar.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: the protective lens drawer is fixed to the mirror mounting seat by a locking bolt.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: a powder feeding pipe is connected to the inner hole of the tapered copper seat by interference fit. Water pipe connectors are fixedly connected to both sides of the tapered copper seat.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: the pressing washer is placed above the second protective lens. There is a height difference of 0.1 mm between the pressing washer and the end face of the protective lens drawer, ensuring that the protective lens drawer can be pulled out from the mirror mounting seat.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: the inner hole of the protective gas module is a 20° conical surface, which can make the protective gas generate a downward component force, and the protection effect is better.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: the reflecting mirror is a 45° reflecting integrating mirror, and the focusing distance is 100 mm.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that: the reflecting mirror can rotate around an axis by an included angle of ±15° relative to the reflecting mirror mounting seat.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention for the invention patent:

[0016] 1. A collimation focal length of 70 mm is adopted (for the collimating mirror used, its inherent physical property: the focal length is 70 mm), and a focusing focal length of 100 mm is adopted. Both the collimation distance and the focusing focal length are very small. Therefore, the cladding head is small in volume and the total weight is less than 1.8 kg, so it is convenient to pick up;

[0017] 2. The collimation module is used to output collimated laser with a diameter within 18 at a small collimation distance, and is reflected and focused by a 45° reflecting mirror (the function of the reflecting mirror is reflection and focusing, also called an integrating mirror, and the reflection angle is 45°) with reflection and focusing functions, so that the focal spot is greater than or equal to 2 mm, meeting the spot requirements of the laser cladding process for a laser with a small core diameter optical fiber (50 um) level;

[0018] 3. The conical copper seat adopts annular water cooling, and the cooling effect is good; the position of the light outlet hole of the conical copper seat relative to the light beam can meet the three-way linear adjustment of XYZ. The adjustment amount in the X direction of ±2 mm can be met through the X-axis adjustment module, and the adjustment amount in the Z direction of ±5 mm can be met through the U-shaped groove of the copper seat connecting column. The reflecting mirror can rotate around an axis by ±15° relative to the reflecting mirror mounting seat, so the reflected light will also rotate by ±15° around the rotation axis, enabling the adjustment of the focal position of the light beam in the Y-axis direction. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The following further describes the present invention for the invention patent in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front view external structure schematic diagram of the laser cladding head device for the present invention patent;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side full-section structure schematic diagram of the laser cladding head device for the present invention patent;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a top view external structure schematic diagram of the laser cladding head device for the present invention patent;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a front full-section structure schematic diagram of the laser cladding head device for the present invention patent;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a lower-section partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the laser cladding head device for the present invention patent;

[0025] In the figure: 1 - collimation module, 2 - mirror mounting base, 3 - positioning washer, 4 - locking collar, 5 - first protective lens, 6 - mirror, 7 - water pipe joint, 8 - locking bolt, 9 - protective lens drawer, 10 - protective gas module, 11 - protective gas joint, 12 - X-axis adjustment module, 13 - Z-axis adjustment module, 14 - tightening screw, 15 - copper seat connecting column, 16 - tapered copper seat, 17 - powder feeding pipe, 18 - pressing washer, 19 - second protective lens, 20 - U-shaped groove. Specific implementation mode

[0026] The structure of an L-shaped mini laser cladding head device provided by this invention patent is as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, and it includes a collimation module 1, a protective gas module 10, an X-axis adjustment module 12 and a Z-axis adjustment module 13. A positioning washer 3 is provided between the collimation module 1 and the mirror mounting base 2. The positioning washer 3 is sleeved on the outside of the junction of the collimation module 1 and the mirror mounting base 2. The mirror mounting base 2 is provided with a mounting hole near the positioning washer 3. A first protective lens 5 is installed in the mounting hole. A locking collar 4 is arranged outside the first protective lens 5. The collimation module 1 and the mirror mounting base 2 ensure the accurate relative position through the positioning washer 3 and then are fixedly connected together. The first protective lens 5 is placed into the mounting hole of the mirror mounting base 2, and the first protective lens 5 is fixed by the locking collar 4.

[0027] At one end of the through hole of the mirror mounting base 2 far from the first protective lens 5, a mirror 6 is fixedly installed. A water pipe joint 7 is fixedly connected to the mounting flange surface of the mirror 6. A protective lens drawer 9 is arranged at a position perpendicular to the collimation module 1 on the lower end surface of the mirror. A second protective lens 19 is installed below the protective lens drawer 9. The second protective lens 19 is placed into the hole of the protective lens drawer 9. A pressing washer 18 is arranged above the second protective lens 19. The protective lens drawer 9 is fixed on the mirror mounting base 2 by a locking bolt 8. The protective gas module 10 is fixedly connected below the mirror mounting base 2. A protective gas joint 11 is fixedly connected to the protective gas module 10. An X-axis adjustment module 12 is fixedly connected to the protective gas module 10. The X-axis adjustment module 12 is connected to the Z-axis adjustment module 13 by a fixing method.

[0028] A copper seat connecting column 15 is provided between the Z-axis adjustment module 13 and the X-axis adjustment module 12. The copper seat connecting column 15 is connected to the conical copper seat 16 by a fixing method. The copper seat connecting column 15 is connected to the Z-axis adjustment module 13 by a tightening screw 14. A powder feeding pipe 17 is connected to the inner hole of the conical copper seat 16 by interference fit. The water pipe joint 7 is fixedly connected to both sides of the conical copper seat 16. Both the reflecting mirror 6 and the conical copper seat 16 are equipped with water cooling, and the water pipe joint 7 needs to be installed. The water pipe joint 7 is respectively connected to the inlet and outlet water.

[0029] The powder feeding pipe 17 is made of a high-hardness and high-wear-resistant alloy material. The inner hole of the powder feeding pipe 17 for powder output adopts an excellent processing technology to ensure that the surface finish of the inner hole reaches below Ra0.4. The conical copper seat 16 adopts annular water cooling, and the cooling effect is good. The U-shaped groove 20 of the copper seat connecting column 15 can meet the adjustment amount of ±5 mm in the Z direction.

[0030] The pressing washer 18 is placed above the second protective lens 5, and there is a height difference of 0.1 mm from the end face of the protective lens drawer 9, ensuring that the protective lens drawer 9 can be pulled out from the reflecting mirror mounting seat 2. The X-axis adjustment module 12 can meet the adjustment amount of ±2 mm in the X direction. The inner hole of the protective gas module 10 is a conical surface with an angle of 20°, which can make the protective gas generate a downward component force, and the protection effect is better.

[0031] The reflecting mirror 6 is a 45° reflection integral mirror, made of red copper, with a water cooling groove, and the focusing distance is 100 mm. The reflecting mirror 6 can rotate ±15° around the axis relative to the reflecting mirror mounting seat 2. The collimation focal length of the collimation module 1 is 70 mm.

[0032] Working principle:

[0033] The optical fiber is connected to the collimation module 1. First, turn on the red light, stick the masking tape on the light output hole of the conical copper seat 16, and observe the light spot. If the light fills the entire light output hole, loosen the tightening screw 14 on the Z-axis adjustment module 13, adjust the up and down position of the copper seat connecting column 15 until the light spot is smaller than the light output hole, and then tighten the tightening screw 14. At this time, observe whether the light spot is at the center of the light output hole. If it is not at the center, adjust the X-direction position of the X-axis adjustment module 12 until the light spot is centered in the X-axis direction. Then adjust the reflecting mirror 6 so that the reflecting mirror 6 rotates around the axis relative to the reflecting mirror mounting seat 2 until the light spot is centered in the Y-axis direction. Then connect the water circuit, gas circuit and powder circuit, and adjust the distance between the powder output hole and the workpiece to be processed. At this time, the laser cladding operation can be carried out.

[0034] Laser cladding uses high-energy laser beam irradiation to melt, expand and solidify rapidly, and clad a layer of material with special physical, chemical or mechanical properties on the surface of the substrate to form a new composite material, making up for the lack of high performance of the substrate, giving full play to the advantages of both and overcoming their respective deficiencies.

[0035] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the details of the above exemplary embodiments are not limiting to this invention patent. Without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this invention patent, this invention patent can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of this invention patent is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in this invention patent, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. An L-shaped mini laser cladding head device, characterized in that: It includes a collimation module, a protective gas module, an X-axis adjustment module and a Z-axis adjustment module. The collimation module is connected to a mirror mounting base. There are mounting holes on the mirror mounting base. A first protective lens is installed in the mounting holes. A mirror is fixedly installed at one end of the through hole of the mirror mounting base away from the first protective lens. A protective mirror drawer is provided on the lower end surface of the mirror. A second protective lens is installed below the protective mirror drawer. The protective gas module is fixedly connected below the mirror mounting base. A protective gas connector is fixedly connected to the protective gas module. The X-axis adjustment module is fixedly connected to the protective gas module. The X-axis adjustment module is connected to the Z-axis adjustment module by a fixed method. A collimating lens with a collimation focal length of 70 mm and a focusing focal length of 100 mm is adopted.

2. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a copper seat connecting column between the Z-axis adjustment module and the X-axis adjustment module. The copper seat connecting column is connected to a tapered copper seat by a fixed method. The copper seat connecting column is connected to the Z-axis adjustment module by a tightening screw.

3. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a positioning washer between the collimation module and the mirror mounting base. The positioning washer is sleeved on the outside of the junction of the collimation module and the mirror mounting base. The collimation module and the mirror mounting base are fixedly connected after ensuring the accurate relative position through the positioning washer.

4. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking collar is provided on the outside of the first protective lens. The first protective lens is placed in the mounting hole of the mirror mounting base, and the first protective lens is fixed by the locking collar.

5. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective mirror drawer is fixed on the mirror mounting base by a locking bolt.

6. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A powder feeding pipe is connected to the inner hole of the tapered copper seat by interference fit.

7. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing washer is provided above the second protective lens. There is a height difference of 0.1 mm between the pressing washer and the end face of the protective mirror drawer.

8. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the protective gas module is a 20° conical surface.

9. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mirror is a 45° reflection integral mirror, and the focusing distance is 100 mm.

10. The L-shaped mini laser cladding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mirror can rotate around the axis relative to the mirror mounting base by an included angle of ±15°.

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