Shield machine slag discharge system and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shield machine slag discharge system and construction method. The shield machine slag discharge system includes a main slurry feed unit, a slurry discharge unit, a bypass pipe, a backwash pipe, a reversing device and at least two sets of pipeline extension devices; the first end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slurry discharge unit, and the second end of the backwash pipe can be connected to the excavation chamber; the first end of each pipeline extension device is selectively connected to the reversing device, the second end of the pipeline extension device is connected to the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, and the main slurry feed unit and the slurry discharge unit are connected to one of the pipeline extension devices through the reversing device. The slag discharge system provided by the present invention can improve the shield circulation slag discharge capacity, meet the construction requirements of circulation slag discharge, and effectively solve the problems of accumulation and stagnation in the slag chamber; two sets of pipeline extension devices are arranged in parallel, and the pipe replacement operation can be completed without interrupting the mud circulation system, and basically no mud leakage can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the slag discharge efficiency and realizing green and efficient construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, and in particular to a shield machine slag discharge system and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of a slurry shield machine, the slurry is pumped and discharged by a mud circulation system consisting of a mud pump and mud pipelines. After the shield machine has excavated a certain distance, the mud pipeline needs to be replaced and extended.

[0003] In the prior art, a single set of slag removal system is generally used, and it is necessary to extend the pipeline or repair and replace parts in the interruption mode of the circulation system. In this way, the slag removal capacity of the circulation system is poor and the construction efficiency is low. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, some technical personnel in this field have conducted relevant research. Representatives of the circulation system include: Patent CN108194089A discloses "A Mud Shield Mud Loop Circulation System", which proposes to set slurry collection points on the slurry inlet pipe and the slurry discharge pipe respectively, and configure a flushing pump, which can effectively flush the cutterhead and excavation chamber, etc., and reduce the probability of blockage of the slurry discharge port. However, only one set of slag removal system is set, and a flushing pump needs to be added to complete the flushing operation, and the circulation efficiency is relatively low; while Patent CN107387110A discloses "An Air Cushion Dual-Mode Slurry Shield and Its Control Method" and Patent CN109209404A discloses "Shield "Slurry Circulation System for Tunneling Machine" and "Mud and Water Circulation System for Tunneling Machine" all realize two slag discharge modes, namely, intermittent discharge and direct discharge, by setting up a single circulation system, but cannot realize the reverse flushing function of the slurry discharge pipe and the bottom of the air cushion cabin; in terms of pipeline extension, for example, patent CN112377207A discloses "A Pipeline Extension Device and Shield Machine in Tunneling Mode", which adopts the telescopic sleeve compensation function and the rotating three-way joint. Although it can realize pipeline extension operation in tunneling mode, it cannot meet the small turn construction requirements of large / super-large diameter slurry shield machines, and there are two sets of circulation pipelines in the tunnel, which affects the working space in the tunnel. For another example, patent CN113202498A discloses "A Pipeline Extension Equipment and Mud Circulation System for Mud Shield", which adopts a relay sealed cabin to temporarily store a certain number of pipe segments. A pipe clamp is provided in the relay cabin to continuously supply and extend the pipeline, thereby realizing pipeline extension operation in the non-stop mode of the circulation system. However, the relay cabin has a complex structure and relatively high cost. Due to space limitations, it is difficult to use on large / extra-large diameter slurry shields.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve efficient slag discharge in the uninterrupted mode of the circulation system is a technical problem that technicians in this field currently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine slag discharge system and construction method, which are used to improve the shield machine's circulation slag discharge capacity, meet the construction needs of circulation slag discharge, and effectively solve the problems of accumulation and stagnation in the slag compartment without interruption.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shield machine slag discharge system, comprising a main slurry feed unit, a slurry discharge unit, a bypass pipe, a backwash pipe, a reversing device and at least two sets of pipeline extension devices; the first end of the bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry feed unit, and the second end can be connected to the slurry discharge unit; the first end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slurry discharge unit, and the backwash pipe is located on the side of the bypass pipe away from the air cushion cabin, and the second end of the backwash pipe can be connected to the excavation cabin; the first end of each of the pipeline extension devices is selectively connected to the reversing device The second end of the pipeline extension device is connected with the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, and the main slurry feed unit and the slurry discharge unit are connected with one of the pipeline extension devices through the reversing device; a slurry separation system and a main slurry feed pump are provided on the pipeline of the main circulation pipe in the tunnel; the slurry discharge unit includes a main discharge pipe and a straight discharge pipe connected to the main discharge pipe, the pipe mouth of the main discharge pipe is located in the excavation chamber, and the pipe mouth of the straight discharge pipe is located in the air cushion chamber, and one of the straight discharge pipe and the straight discharge pipe is selected for slurry discharge.

[0008] Preferably, the pulp discharge units have at least two groups, and the main discharge pipes of each group of the pulp discharge units are connected to the reversing device.

[0009] Preferably, the straight discharge pipe, the bypass pipe and the backwash pipe are all connected to the main discharge pipe, the end of the main discharge pipe away from the air cushion cabin is connected to a slurry discharge pump, and the main discharge pipe is provided with a main discharge valve group, the main discharge valve group includes a first main discharge valve, a second main discharge valve, a third main discharge valve and a fourth main discharge valve which are arranged on the main discharge pipe in sequence from the side close to the air cushion cabin to the side close to the slurry discharge pump, the first main discharge valve is located between the air cushion cabin and the straight discharge pipe, the second main discharge valve is located between the straight discharge pipe and the bypass pipe, the third main discharge valve is located between the bypass pipe and the backwash pipe, and the fourth main discharge valve is located between the backwash pipe and the slurry discharge pump; the backwash pipe is provided with a backwash valve group, and the bypass pipe is provided with a bypass valve group.

[0010] Preferably, the main slurry inlet unit comprises a main slurry inlet pipe, and the main slurry inlet pipe is provided with a main slurry inlet valve.

[0011] Preferably, the reversing device includes a reversing valve group, a slurry inlet rear section and a slurry discharge tee, the reversing valve group includes a slurry inlet three-way valve and a slurry discharge three-way valve, the slurry inlet three-way valve is used to connect the slurry inlet rear section and each of the pipeline extension devices; the slurry discharge three-way valve is used to connect the slurry discharge tee and each of the pipeline extension devices.

[0012] Preferably, the pipeline extension device includes at least a first pipeline extension device and a second pipeline extension device, and the first pipeline extension device and the second pipeline extension device both include pipelines that can be stretched or reset; a number of additional pipe sections are also provided between the main circulation pipe in the tunnel and the pipeline extension device, and the first pipeline extension device and the second pipeline extension device are respectively connected to the two ends of the additional pipe sections.

[0013] Preferably, the pipeline is U-shaped, and the U-shaped opening of the pipeline faces the direction of the air cushion cabin.

[0014] Preferably, the pipeline includes a slurry inlet extension pipe and a slurry discharge extension pipe, and the pipeline extension device also includes a slurry discharge extension valve and a slurry inlet extension valve, the slurry inlet extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry inlet extension pipe, and the slurry discharge extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry discharge extension pipe.

[0015] A shield machine slag discharge system construction method adopts the shield machine slag discharge system as described above, in which the straight discharge pipe, the bypass pipe and the backwashing pipe are all connected to the main discharge pipe, the end of the main discharge pipe away from the air cushion cabin is connected to a slurry discharge pump, the main discharge pipe is provided with a main discharge valve group, the main discharge valve group includes a first main discharge valve, a second main discharge valve, a third main discharge valve and a fourth main discharge valve which are arranged on the main discharge pipe from a side close to the air cushion cabin to a side close to the slurry discharge pump in sequence, the first main discharge valve is located between the air cushion cabin and the straight discharge pipe, the second main discharge valve is located between the straight discharge pipe and the bypass pipe, the third main discharge valve is located between the bypass pipe and the backwashing pipe, and the fourth main discharge valve is located between the backwashing pipe and the slurry discharge pump; the backwashing pipe is provided with a backwashing valve group, and the bypass pipe is provided with a bypass valve group; the main slurry feed unit includes a main slurry feed pipe, and the main slurry feed pipe is provided with a main slurry feed valve; the steps include:

[0016] In the main discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the direct discharge valve group and the backwash valve group are closed. At this time, the main slurry pump feeds slurry into the excavation chamber normally, and the slag excavated by the cutter head enters the excavation chamber and mixes with the slurry. The slurry is continuously stirred by the cutter head to form slurry, which enters the bottom of the air cushion chamber through the mud door entrance. The stone crusher performs secondary crushing on the larger slag blocks. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device, the pipeline extension device, and the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe in the tunnel from the pipe mouth of the main discharge pipe in turn, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system;

[0017] In the direct discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the first main discharge valve and the backwash valve group are closed, and the direct discharge valve group is opened. At this time, the main slurry pump normally feeds slurry into the excavation chamber, and the slag excavated by the cutter head enters the excavation chamber and mixes with the slurry, and is continuously stirred by the cutter head to form slurry. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the direct discharge pipe, part of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device, the pipeline extension device, the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system.

[0018] In the backwashing mode, the main slurry inlet valve, the third main discharge valve, and the direct discharge valve group are closed, and the first main discharge valve, the second main discharge valve, the bypass valve group, and the backwashing valve group are opened at the same time. At this time, the main slurry inlet pump stops directly feeding slurry into the excavation chamber, and feeds slurry from the bypass pipe through the front part of the main discharge pipe to the bottom of the air cushion chamber, so as to reversely wash the slurry at the front part of the main discharge pipe and the bottom of the air cushion chamber. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry in the chamber enters the backwashing pipe through the pipe mouth of the backwashing pipe, and passes through the front and rear parts of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device, the pipeline extension device, the main circulation slurry discharge pipe in the tunnel in turn, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system.

[0019] Preferably, in the shield machine slag discharge system, the pipeline extension device at least includes a first pipeline extension device and a second pipeline extension device, and the first pipeline extension device and the second pipeline extension device both include pipelines that can be stretched or reset; a plurality of newly added pipe sections are also provided between the main circulation pipe in the tunnel and the pipeline extension device, and the first pipeline extension device and the second pipeline extension device are respectively connected to the two ends of the newly added pipe section; the pipeline includes a slurry inlet extension pipe and a slurry discharge extension pipe, and the pipeline extension device also includes a slurry discharge extension valve and a slurry inlet extension valve, the slurry inlet extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry inlet extension pipe, and the slurry discharge extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry discharge extension pipe; the slurry discharge extension valve includes a first slurry discharge extension valve, a second slurry discharge extension valve and an nth slurry discharge extension valve, and the slurry inlet extension valve includes a first slurry discharge extension valve, a second slurry discharge extension valve and an nth slurry discharge extension valve, and n=1, 2, 3...; the newly added pipe section includes a first newly added pipe section and a second newly added pipe section; and the following steps are also included:

[0020] Step S1: when the shield machine is excavating normally, the reversing valve group is connected to the first pipeline extension device, the second pipeline extension device is disconnected from the main circulation slurry discharge pipe in the tunnel and is in the initial position and does not move, at this time, the second slurry inlet extension valve, the second slurry discharge extension valve and the valve group on the main circulation pipeline in the tunnel are opened, the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are closed, the shield machine continues to excavate forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and the primary extension of the pipeline are realized through the first pipeline extension device;

[0021] Step S2: When the shield machine advances forward by a preset distance, the second pipeline extension device is started to move to a set position, and the second pipeline extension device is bolted and fixedly connected to the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve respectively; the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are opened, and then the reversing valve group of the reversing device is started to perform reversing, and the second slurry inlet extension valve and the second slurry discharge extension valve are closed at the same time, so that the reversing valve group is connected to the second pipeline extension device and the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, and then the first pipeline extension device is disconnected from the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, and the device is moved forward to the set position and then stopped, and at the same time, the first newly added pipe section and the third slurry inlet extension valve and the third slurry discharge extension valve in the closed state are respectively connected to the front of the second slurry inlet extension valve and the second slurry discharge extension valve and fixed at the preset position in the tunnel; the shield machine continues to advance forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and the secondary extension of the pipeline are completed through the second pipeline extension device;

[0022] Step S3: When the shield machine advances forward again to a set distance, the second newly added pipe section and the fourth slurry inlet extension valve and the fourth slurry discharge extension valve are respectively connected to the front of the first newly added pipe section, the first pipeline extension device is started to the set position, and the first pipeline extension device is bolted and fixed to the corresponding fourth slurry inlet extension valve and the fourth slurry discharge extension valve. At this time, the fourth slurry inlet extension valve, the fourth slurry discharge extension valve, the second slurry inlet extension valve, and the second slurry discharge extension valve are opened, and then the reversing valve group is started for reversing, and the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are closed, so that the first pipeline extension device is connected to the reversing valve group and the main circulation pipe in the tunnel; then the second pipeline extension device is disconnected from the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, and moves forward to the set position and then stops; the shield machine continues to advance forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and pipeline extension again are realized through the first pipeline extension device;

[0023] Step S4: The shield machine continues to advance, repeating the above steps S1-S3, and entering the next additional pipe replacement operation cycle. This operation is repeated continuously to complete the shield machine's continuous and uninterrupted circulation slag removal and pipeline extension.

[0024] The shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention comprises a main slurry feed unit, a slurry discharge unit, a bypass pipe, a backwash pipe, a reversing device and at least two sets of pipeline extension devices; the first end of the bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry feed unit, and the second end can be connected to the slurry discharge unit; the first end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slurry discharge unit, and the backwash pipe is located on the side of the bypass pipe away from the air cushion cabin, and the second end of the backwash pipe can be connected to the excavation cabin; the first end of each of the pipeline extension devices is selectively connected to the reversing device. The device is connected, the second end of the pipeline extension device is connected to the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, the main slurry feed unit and the slurry discharge unit are connected to one of the pipeline extension devices through the reversing device; a slurry separation system and a main slurry feed pump are provided on the pipeline of the main circulation pipe in the tunnel; the slurry discharge unit includes a main discharge pipe and a straight discharge pipe connected to the main discharge pipe, the pipe mouth of the main discharge pipe is located in the excavation chamber, the pipe mouth of the straight discharge pipe is located in the air cushion chamber, and one of the straight discharge pipe and the straight discharge pipe is selected for slurry discharge. The shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention, through the arrangement of the slurry discharge unit, the bypass pipe and the backwash pipe, the slurry discharge unit includes a main discharge pipe and a straight discharge pipe, which can realize slag discharge and backwash operations in various ways, improve the shield circulation slag discharge capacity, meet the circulation slag discharge construction needs, and effectively solve the problems of accumulation and sluggish discharge in the slag compartment; at the same time, two sets of the pipeline extension devices are arranged in parallel, and the pipe replacement operation can be completed without interrupting the mud circulation system, and basically no mud leakage can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the slag discharge efficiency and realizing green and efficient construction.

[0025] The shield machine slag discharge system construction method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: in the main discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the direct discharge valve group and the backwash valve group are closed, at this time the main slurry pump normally feeds slurry into the excavation chamber, the slag excavated by the cutter head enters the excavation chamber and is mixed with the slurry, and is continuously stirred by the cutter head to form slurry, which enters the bottom of the air cushion chamber through the mud door inlet, the stone crusher performs secondary crushing on the larger slag blocks, and then combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slag slurry is discharged from the pipe mouth of the main discharge pipe in sequence The slurry is finally discharged to the slurry separation system through the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device, the pipeline extension device, and the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe in the tunnel; in the direct discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the first main discharge valve and the backwash valve group are closed, and the direct discharge valve group is opened. At this time, the main slurry feed pump feeds slurry into the excavation chamber normally, and the slag excavated by the cutter head enters the excavation chamber and mixes with the slurry, and is continuously stirred by the cutter head to form slurry, which is then combined with the slurry discharge pump. The slurry is sucked and discharged from the outlet of the straight discharge pipe through the straight discharge pipe, part of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device, the pipeline extension device, the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe in the tunnel, and finally discharged to the slurry separation system; in the backwash mode, the main slurry inlet valve, the third main discharge valve, and the straight discharge valve group are closed, and the first main discharge valve, the second main discharge valve, the bypass valve group, and the backwash valve group are opened at the same time. At this time, the main slurry inlet pump stops pumping slurry. The slurry is not directly introduced into the excavation chamber, but is introduced from the bypass pipe through the front of the main discharge pipe to the bottom of the air cushion chamber, and the front of the main discharge pipe and the slurry at the bottom of the air cushion chamber are reversely flushed. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry in the chamber enters the backwash pipe through the pipe mouth of the backwash pipe, and passes through the front and rear parts of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device, the pipeline extension device, the main circulation slurry discharge pipe in the tunnel in turn, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system. The shield machine slag discharge system construction method provided by the present invention has multiple slag discharge modes such as intermittent discharge and direct discharge, which can greatly improve the shield circulation slag discharge capacity and meet the construction needs of circulation slag discharge, and can effectively improve the slag discharge efficiency and realize green and efficient construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram from top view;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each pipeline in the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positions of the pipe openings of various pipes in the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the slurry flow direction of the shield machine slag discharge system in the intermittent discharge mode provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the slurry flow direction of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention in the direct discharge mode;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0035] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the slurry flow direction of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention in the backwash mode;

[0036] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0037] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the pipeline position of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention during a single extension excavation;

[0038] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0039] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the second pipeline extension device when it is just connected to the main circulation pipeline;

[0040] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the pipeline position of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention during secondary extension excavation;

[0041] Fig.15 for Fig.14 Schematic diagram of top view;

[0042] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the first pipeline extension device when it is connected to the main circulation pipeline again;

[0043] Fig.17A schematic diagram of the pipeline position of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention during the next extension excavation;

[0044] Among them: 1-main pulp inlet unit; 101-main pulp inlet pump; 102-main pulp inlet pipe; 10201-first main pulp inlet valve; 10202-second main pulp inlet valve; 103-bypass pipe; 10301-first bypass valve; 10302-second bypass valve; 2-first pulp discharge unit; 201-first main discharge pipe; 20101-first main discharge valve; 20102-second main discharge valve; 20103-third main discharge valve; 20104-fourth main discharge valve; 20105-fifth main discharge valve; 202-first straight discharge pipe; 203-first backwash pipe; 20301-first backwash valve; 20302-second backwash valve; 204-first pulp discharge pump; 3-second pulp discharge unit; 301- The second main drain pipe; 30101-the sixth main drain valve; 30102-the seventh main drain valve; 30103-the eighth main drain valve; 30104-the ninth main drain valve; 30105-the tenth main drain valve; 302-the second straight drain pipe; 303-the second backwash pipe; 30301-the third backwash valve; 30302-the fourth backwash valve; 304-the second slurry pump; 4-the reversing device; 401-the reversing valve group; 402-the rear section of the slurry inlet; 403-the slurry discharge tee; 5-the first pipeline extension device; 6-the second pipeline extension device; 7-the main circulation pipe in the tunnel; 8-the slurry separation system; 9-the cutter head; 10-the excavation chamber; 11-the air cushion chamber; 12-the shield; 13-the crusher; 14-the mud door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The core of the present invention is to provide a shield machine slag discharge system and construction method, which can significantly improve the shield machine's circulating slag discharge capacity, meet the construction needs of circulating slag discharge, and solve the problems of accumulation and stagnation in the slag compartment without interruption.

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 1 to 17 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram from top view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each pipeline in the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positions of the pipe openings of various pipes in the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the slurry flow direction of the shield machine slag discharge system in the intermittent discharge mode provided by the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of top view; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the slurry flow direction of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention in the direct discharge mode; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of top view; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the slurry flow direction of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention in the backwash mode; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of top view; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the pipeline position of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention during a single extension excavation; Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of top view; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the second pipeline extension device when it is just connected to the main circulation pipeline; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the pipeline position of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention during secondary extension excavation; Fig.15 for Fig.14 Schematic diagram of top view; Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the first pipeline extension device when it is connected to the main circulation pipeline again; Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline position of the shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention during the next extension excavation.

[0048] In this embodiment, the shield machine slag discharge system includes a main slurry feed unit 1, a slurry discharge unit, a bypass pipe 103, a backwash pipe, a reversing device 4 and at least two sets of pipeline extension devices; the first end of the bypass pipe 103 is connected to the main slurry feed unit 1, and the second end can be connected to the slurry discharge unit; the first end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slurry discharge unit, and the backwash pipe is located on the side of the bypass pipe 103 away from the air cushion cabin 11, and the second end of the backwash pipe can be connected to the excavation cabin 10; the first end of each pipeline extension device is connected to the main slurry feed unit 1, and the second end can be connected to the air cushion cabin 11. One of the ends is connected to the reversing device 4, the second end of the pipeline extension device is connected to the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel, the main slurry feed unit 1 and the slurry discharge unit are connected to one of the pipeline extension devices through the reversing device 4; a slurry separation system 8 and a main slurry feed pump 101 are provided on the pipeline of the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel; the slurry discharge unit includes a main discharge pipe and a straight discharge pipe connected to the main discharge pipe, the pipe mouth of the main discharge pipe is located in the excavation chamber 10, and the pipe mouth of the straight discharge pipe is located in the air cushion chamber 11, and one of the straight discharge pipe and the straight discharge pipe is selected to discharge slurry.

[0049] Further, the excavation chamber 10 and the air cushion chamber 11 are both arranged at the head of the shield body 12. Specifically, the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel includes a slurry inlet pipeline and a slurry discharge pipeline, the slurry separation system 8 is installed between the slurry inlet pipeline and the slurry discharge pipeline, and the main slurry pump 101 is on the slurry inlet pipeline; the pipeline extension device includes a slurry inlet extension pipe and a slurry discharge extension pipe, the slurry inlet extension pipe is connected to the slurry inlet pipeline in the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel, and the slurry discharge extension pipe is connected to the slurry discharge pipeline in the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel.

[0050] The shield machine slag discharge system provided by the present invention is preferably used in the construction of large / super-large diameter slurry balance shield machines. Through the arrangement of a slurry discharge unit, a bypass pipe 103 and a backwash pipe, the slurry discharge unit includes a main discharge pipe and a straight discharge pipe, which can realize slag discharge and backwash operations in various ways, thereby improving the shield circulation slag discharge capacity, meeting the construction needs of circulating slag discharge, and effectively solving the problems of accumulation and stagnation in the slag compartment. At the same time, two sets of pipeline extension devices are arranged in parallel, which can complete the pipe replacement operation without interrupting the mud circulation system, and basically achieve no mud leakage, thereby effectively improving the slag discharge efficiency and realizing green and efficient construction.

[0051] On the basis of the above embodiments, the pulp discharge unit has at least two groups, and the main discharge pipes of each group of pulp discharge units are connected to the reversing device 4. That is to say, the number of main discharge pipes, straight discharge pipes, backwash pipes and pulp discharge pumps is at least two, and a single main discharge pipe, straight discharge pipe and backwash pipe are connected to form a group of pulp discharge units. By setting at least two groups of pulp discharge units, when the pipeline in a group of pulp discharge units needs to be replaced or repaired, the slag can be continued through other pulp discharge units to ensure continuous operation.

[0052] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the straight discharge pipe, the bypass pipe 103 and the backwash pipe are all connected to the main discharge pipe. The end of the main discharge pipe away from the air cushion cabin 11 is connected to the slurry discharge pump. The main discharge pipe is provided with a main discharge valve group, and the main discharge valve group includes a first main discharge valve 20101, a second main discharge valve 20102, a third main discharge valve 20103 and a fourth main discharge valve 20104 which are arranged on the main discharge pipe in sequence from the side close to the air cushion cabin 11 to the side close to the slurry discharge pump. The first main discharge valve 20101 is located at the air cushion cabin 11. Between the cabin 11 and the straight discharge pipe, the second main discharge valve 20102 is located between the straight discharge pipe and the bypass pipe 103, the third main discharge valve 20103 is located between the bypass pipe 103 and the backwash pipe, and the fourth main discharge valve 20104 is located between the backwash pipe and the slurry pump; a backwash valve group is provided on the backwash pipe, and a bypass valve group is provided on the bypass pipe 103. Specifically, the bypass valve group includes a first bypass valve 10301 and a second bypass valve 10302; each valve can control the on-off of the corresponding pipeline by opening and closing itself.

[0053] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the main slurry inlet unit 1 includes a main slurry inlet pipe 102, on which a main slurry inlet valve is provided; specifically, the main slurry inlet valve includes a first main slurry inlet valve 10201 installed on the side of the main slurry inlet pipe 102 close to the excavation chamber 10; and may also include a second main slurry inlet valve 10202, which is used as a transition valve.

[0054] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the reversing device 4 includes a reversing valve group 401, a slurry inlet rear section 402 and a slurry discharge tee 403. The reversing valve group 401 includes a slurry inlet three-way valve and a slurry discharge three-way valve 403. The slurry inlet three-way valve is used to connect the slurry inlet rear section 402 and each pipeline extension device. Specifically, the slurry inlet three-way valve is used to connect the slurry inlet rear section 402 and the slurry inlet extension pipe in each pipeline extension device; the slurry discharge three-way valve 403 is used to connect the slurry discharge tee 403 and each pipeline extension device. Specifically, the slurry discharge tee 403 valve is used to connect the slurry discharge tee 403 and the slurry discharge extension pipe in each pipeline extension device.

[0055] On the basis of the above embodiments, the pipeline extension device at least includes a first pipeline extension device 5 and a second pipeline extension device 6, and the first pipeline extension device 5 and the second pipeline extension device 6 both include pipelines that can be stretched or reset; a number of additional pipe sections are also provided between the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel and the pipeline extension device, and the first pipeline extension device 5 and the second pipeline extension device 6 are respectively connected to the two ends of the additional pipe sections. Specifically, the pipeline includes a slurry inlet extension pipe and a slurry discharge extension pipe, and the slurry inlet extension pipe and the slurry discharge extension pipe are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel.

[0056] On the basis of the above embodiments, the pipeline is U-shaped, and the U-shaped opening of the pipeline faces the direction of the air cushion cabin 11. When one side of the pipeline is pulled, the length of one leg of the U-shaped pipeline is gradually shortened. Fig.16 As shown, the length of the other leg gradually increases to accommodate the forward movement of the shield machine.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, the pipeline includes a slurry inlet extension pipe and a slurry discharge extension pipe, and the pipeline extension device also includes a slurry discharge extension valve and a slurry inlet extension valve. The slurry inlet extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry inlet extension pipe, and the slurry discharge extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry discharge extension pipe.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figures 1 to 10 The shield machine slag discharge system includes a main slurry feeding unit 1 connected to the upper part of the excavation chamber 10 of the shield machine, a first slurry discharge unit 2 and a second slurry discharge unit 3 connected to the air cushion chamber 11 and the lower part of the excavation chamber 10, a reversing device 4 detachably bolted to the main slurry feeding unit 1 and the slurry discharge unit, and a first pipeline extension device 5 and a second pipeline extension device 6 arranged in parallel at the rear of the shield machine; the first slurry discharge unit 2 and the second slurry discharge unit 3 are respectively connected to the main slurry feeding unit 1 by a bypass pipe 103, and backwash pipes are respectively arranged to communicate with the left and right sides of the lower part of the air cushion chamber 11;

[0059] The main slurry feeding unit 1 includes a main slurry feeding pump 101, a main slurry feeding pipe 102, a bypass pipe 103 and a valve assembly, etc.; the main slurry feeding pump 101 does not contain a relay pump and is arranged at the starting end of the shield according to the actual needs of the project, and its suction end is connected to the slurry separation system 8 through a pipeline, and the outlet end is connected to the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel; further, the front end of the main slurry feeding pipe 102 is connected to the upper part of the shield excavation chamber 10, and the rear end is connected to the slurry feeding rear section 402 of the reversing device 4 by bolting; further, the bypass pipe 103 is designed as a three-pronged structure, one end of which is fixedly connected to the front part of the main slurry feeding pipe 102, and the other ends are respectively connected to the first main discharge pipe 201 and the second main discharge pipe 301;

[0060] The first pulping unit 2 includes: a first main discharge pipe 201, a first straight discharge pipe 202, a first backwash pipe 203, a first pulping pump 204 and valves and other components; the main discharge pipe port of the front section of the first main discharge pipe 201 is connected to the bottom of the air cushion cabin 11, the rear port of the front section is connected to the suction port of the first pulping pump 204 by bolting, the front interface of the rear section of the main discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the first pulping pump 204 by bolting, and the rear interface of the rear section is connected to the pulping tee 403-a fork pipe; further, the first main discharge pipe 201 is provided with a first main discharge valve 20101, a second main discharge valve 20102, a third main discharge valve 20103, a fourth main discharge valve 20104 and a fifth main discharge valve 20105 from front to back; the first The first straight pipe 202 port at the front of the straight pipe 202 is connected to one side of the lower part of the shield excavation chamber 10, and the rear part thereof is fixedly connected to the first main pipe 201 section between the first main valve 20101 and the second main valve 20102, and the first straight pipe 202 is provided with the first straight valve and other components; the first backwash pipe 203 is arranged on the same side as the first straight pipe 202, and the first backwash pipe 203 port at the front is connected to one side of the middle and lower part of the air cushion chamber 11, and the rear part thereof is fixedly connected to the first main pipe 201 section between the third main valve 20103 and the fourth main valve 20104, and the first backwash pipe 203 is provided with the first backwash valve 20301, the second backwash valve 20302 and other components in sequence;

[0061] The second pulp discharge unit 3 includes: a second main discharge pipe 301, a second straight discharge pipe 302, a second backwash pipe 303, a second pulp discharge pump 304 and valves and other components; the main discharge pipe port of the front section of the second main discharge pipe 301 is connected to the bottom of the air cushion cabin 11, the rear port of the front section is connected to the suction port of the second pulp discharge pump 304 by bolting, the front interface of the rear section of the main discharge pipe is connected to the outlet of the second pulp discharge pump 304 by bolting, and the rear interface of the rear section is connected to another fork pipe of the pulp discharge tee 403; further, the second main discharge pipe 301 is connected from The sixth main drain valve 30101, the seventh main drain valve 30102, the eighth main drain valve 30103, the ninth main drain valve 30104, and the tenth main drain valve 30105 are arranged in sequence from front to back; the second straight drain pipe 302 port at the front of the second straight drain pipe 302 is connected to the other side of the lower part of the shield excavation chamber 10, and the rear part is fixedly connected to the second main drain pipe 301 section between the sixth main drain valve 30101 and the seventh main drain valve 30102, and the second straight drain pipe 302 is provided with a second straight drain valve and other components;

[0062] Further, the second backwash pipe 303 is arranged on the same side as the second straight-discharge pipe 302, the front opening of the second backwash pipe 303 is connected to the other side of the lower middle part of the air cushion cabin 11, and the rear is fixedly connected to the second main discharge pipe 301 section between the eighth main discharge valve 30103 and the ninth main discharge valve 30104, and the third backwash valve 30301, the fourth backwash valve 30302 and other components are sequentially arranged on the second backwash pipe 303;

[0063] The reversing device 4 includes a reversing valve group 401, a slurry inlet rear section 402 and a slurry discharge tee 403. The reversing valve group 401 is composed of a slurry inlet three-way valve and a slurry discharge three-way valve 403. The port of the slurry inlet three-way valve on the shield main machine side is connected with the slurry inlet rear section 402, and the two ports on the shield tail side are respectively connected with the U-shaped slurry inlet pipes of the first pipeline extension device 5 and the second pipeline extension device 6 by bolts; further, the port of the slurry discharge three-way valve 403 on the shield main machine side is connected with the slurry discharge three-way valve 403, and the two ports on the shield tail side are respectively connected with the U-shaped slurry discharge pipes of the first pipeline extension device 5 and the second pipeline extension device 6 by bolts; the slurry inlet / discharge three-way valve 403 of the reversing valve group 401 has a synchronous reversing function;

[0064] The first pipeline extension device 5 and the second pipeline extension device 6 both adopt a U-shaped hose structure design, and both are arranged on the shield machine trolley; their U-shaped pipe sections are connected in parallel with the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel by bolting to the reversing valve group 401 respectively.

[0065] In addition to the above-mentioned shield machine slag discharge system, the present invention also provides a shield machine slag discharge system construction method.

[0066] The shield machine slag discharge system construction method comprises the following steps:

[0067] In the main discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the direct discharge valve group and the backwash valve group are closed. At this time, the main slurry pump 101 feeds slurry into the excavation chamber 10 normally. The slag excavated by the cutter head 9 enters the excavation chamber 10 and mixes with the slurry. The slurry is continuously stirred by the cutter head 9 and enters the bottom of the air cushion chamber 11 through the entrance of the mud door 14. The stone crusher 13 performs secondary crushing on the larger slag blocks. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device 4, the pipeline extension device, and the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel from the pipe mouth of the main discharge pipe, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system 8.

[0068] In the direct discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the first main discharge valve 20101 and the backwash valve group are closed, and the direct discharge valve group is opened. At this time, the main slurry pump 101 feeds slurry into the excavation chamber 10 normally, and the slag excavated by the cutter head 9 enters the excavation chamber 10 and mixes with the slurry, and is continuously stirred by the cutter head 9 to form slurry. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the direct discharge pipe, part of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device 4, the pipeline extension device, and the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel from the pipe mouth of the direct discharge pipe in sequence, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system 8;

[0069] In the backwash mode, the main slurry inlet valve, the third main discharge valve 20103, and the direct discharge valve group are closed, and the first main discharge valve 20101, the second main discharge valve 20102, the bypass valve group, and the backwash valve group are opened at the same time. At this time, the main slurry pump 101 stops directly feeding slurry into the excavation chamber 10, but feeds slurry from the bypass pipe 103 through the front of the main discharge pipe to the bottom of the air cushion chamber 11, and reversely washes the slurry at the front of the main discharge pipe and the bottom of the air cushion chamber 11. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry in the cabin enters the backwash pipe through the pipe mouth of the backwash pipe, and passes through the front and rear of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device 4, the pipeline extension device, and the main circulation slurry discharge pipe in the tunnel in turn, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system 8.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, the shield machine slag discharge system can realize three modes, namely, intermittent discharge or main discharge mode, direct discharge or auxiliary discharge mode, and backwash or reverse wash mode;

[0071] For normal construction of an indirect-controlled slurry shield machine, the intermittent discharge mode is the main slag discharge mode of the shield. The bypass valve group, the direct discharge valve group and the backwash valve group are closed. At this time, the slurry pump feeds slurry into the shield excavation chamber 10 normally. The slag excavated by the cutter head 9 enters the excavation chamber 10 and mixes with the slurry, and is continuously stirred by the cutter head 9 to form slurry, which enters the bottom of the air cushion chamber 11 through the entrance of the slurry door 14. The stone crusher 13 performs secondary crushing on larger slag blocks. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the main discharge pipe front section, the slurry discharge pump, the main discharge pipe rear section, the reversing device 4, the pipeline extension, the main circulation discharge pipeline in the tunnel, etc., and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system 8.

[0072] When rapid slag discharge is required or the air cushion cabin 11 is to be inspected and repaired, the direct discharge mode can be activated, and the slag slurry does not need to flow into the air cushion cabin 11, which reduces the movement distance of the slag slurry in the cabin. Close the bypass valve group, the first main discharge valve 20101, the sixth main discharge valve 30101 and the backwash valve group, and open the direct discharge valve group. At this time, the slurry pump feeds slurry into the shield excavation cabin 10 normally, and the slag excavated by the cutter head 9 enters the excavation cabin 10 and mixes with the slurry, and is continuously stirred by the cutter head 9 to form slurry. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the direct discharge pipe, the front section of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the rear section of the main discharge pipe, the reversing device 4, the pipeline extension, the main circulation slurry discharge pipeline in the tunnel, etc., and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system 8.

[0073] When the front section of the main discharge pipeline is blocked, or the slag and stone are accumulated at the bottom of the air cushion cabin 11 and the discharge is delayed, the backwash mode is turned on. Close the first main slurry inlet valve, the third main drain valve 20103, the eighth main drain valve 30103, and the direct drain valve group, and at the same time open the first main drain valve 20101 and the second main drain valve 20102, and / or open the sixth main drain valve 30101 and the seventh main drain valve 30102, the bypass valve group, the backwash valve group, etc. At this time, the slurry pump stops directly feeding slurry into the shield excavation chamber 10, but feeds slurry from the bypass pipe 103 through the front of the main drain pipe to the bottom of the air cushion chamber 11, and reversely flushes the slurry at the front of the main drain pipe and the bottom of the air cushion chamber 11. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry in the cabin enters the backwash pipe through the backwash pipe mouth, and passes through the rear part of the front section of the main drain pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the rear section of the main drain pipe, the reversing device 4, the pipeline extension, the main circulation slurry discharge pipeline in the tunnel, etc., and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system 8.

[0074] Furthermore, when any of the above three slag discharge modes is operated, two sets of slurry discharge units can operate simultaneously, or a single set of slurry discharge units can participate independently.

[0075] Further, the slurry discharge extension valve includes a first slurry discharge extension valve, a second slurry discharge extension valve and an nth slurry discharge extension valve, the slurry inlet extension valve includes a first slurry inlet extension valve, a second slurry inlet extension valve and an nth slurry inlet extension valve, n=1, 2, 3...; the newly added pipe section includes a first newly added pipe section and a second newly added pipe section;

[0076] Based on the above implementations, Figures 11 to 17 When the slurry circulation system of the slurry shield machine is excavated without stopping the machine, the construction method provided by the present invention is adopted, taking the intermittent mode as an example, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0077] Step S1: When the shield machine is excavating normally, the reversing valve group 401 is connected to the first pipeline extension device 5, the second pipeline extension device 6 is disconnected from the main circulation slurry discharge pipe in the tunnel and is in the initial position and does not move. At this time, the second slurry inlet extension valve, the second slurry discharge extension valve and the valve group on the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel are opened, the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are closed, and the shield machine continues to excavate forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and the primary extension of the pipeline are realized through the first pipeline extension device 5;

[0078] Step S2: When the shield machine advances forward by a preset distance, the second pipeline extension device 6 is started to move to the set position, and the second pipeline extension device 6 is bolted and fixedly connected to the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve respectively; the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are opened, and then the reversing valve group 401 of the reversing device 4 is started to reverse, and the second slurry inlet extension valve and the second slurry discharge extension valve are closed at the same time, so that the reversing valve group 401 is connected to the second pipeline extension device 6 and the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel, and then the first pipeline extension device 5 is disconnected from the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel, and the first pipeline extension device 5 is moved forward to the set position and then stopped, and at the same time, the first newly added pipe section and the third slurry inlet extension valve and the third slurry discharge extension valve in the closed state are respectively connected to the front of the second slurry inlet extension valve and the second slurry discharge extension valve and fixed at the preset position in the tunnel; the shield machine continues to advance forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and the secondary extension of the pipeline are completed through the second pipeline extension device 6;

[0079] Step S3: When the shield machine advances forward again a set distance, the second newly added pipe segment and the fourth slurry inlet extension valve and the fourth slurry discharge extension valve are respectively connected to the front of the first newly added pipe segment, the first pipeline extension device 5 is started to the set position, and the first pipeline extension device 5 is bolted and fixed to the corresponding fourth slurry inlet extension valve and fourth slurry discharge extension valve. At this time, the fourth slurry inlet extension valve, the fourth slurry discharge extension valve, the second slurry inlet extension valve, and the second slurry discharge extension valve are opened, and then the reversing valve group 401 is started for reversing, and the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are closed, so that the first pipeline extension device 5 is connected with the reversing valve group 401 and the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel; then the second pipeline extension device 6 is disconnected from the main circulation pipe 7 in the tunnel, and moves forward to the set position and then stops; the shield machine continues to advance forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and pipeline extension are realized again through the first pipeline extension device 5; specifically, the first slurry inlet extension valve, the second slurry inlet extension valve, the third slurry inlet extension valve and the fourth slurry inlet extension valve correspond to valve JG1, valve JG2, valve JG3, and valve JG4 in the accompanying drawings respectively, and the first slurry discharge extension valve, the second slurry discharge extension valve, the third slurry discharge extension valve and the fourth slurry discharge extension valve correspond to valve PG1, valve PG2, valve PG3, and valve PG4 in the accompanying drawings respectively;

[0080] Step S4: The shield machine continues to advance, repeating the above steps S1-S3, and entering the next additional pipe replacement operation cycle. This operation is repeated continuously to complete the shield machine's continuous and uninterrupted circulation slag removal and pipeline extension.

[0081] The shield machine slag removal system and construction method provided by the present invention adopts a dual slag removal system coexistence structure, and has multiple slag removal modes such as intermittent discharge and direct discharge, which can greatly improve the shield circulation slag removal capacity, meet the construction needs of circulation slag discharge, and effectively solve the problems of accumulation and sluggish discharge in the slag compartment. At the same time, two sets of pipeline extension devices are arranged in parallel, and the pipe replacement operation can be completed without interrupting the mud circulation system, and basically no mud leakage can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the slag removal efficiency and realizing green and efficient construction.

[0082] The shield machine slag removal system and construction method provided by the present invention are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield machine slag discharge system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main slurry feeding unit (1), a slurry discharge unit, a bypass pipe (103), a backwash pipe, a reversing device (4), and at least two sets of pipeline extension devices; the first end of the bypass pipe (103) is connected to the main slurry feeding unit (1), and the second end is connected to the slurry discharge unit; the first end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slurry discharge unit, and the backwash pipe is located on a side of the bypass pipe (103) away from the air cushion cabin (11), and the second end of the backwash pipe is connected to the excavation cabin (10); the first end of each pipeline extension device is selectively connected to the reversing device (4) The second end of the pipeline extension device is in communication with the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel, and the main slurry feeding unit (1) and the slurry discharge unit are in communication with one of the pipeline extension devices via the reversing device (4); a slurry separation system (8) and a main slurry feeding pump (101) are provided on the pipeline of the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel; the slurry discharge unit comprises a main discharge pipe and a straight discharge pipe connected to the main discharge pipe, the pipe opening of the main discharge pipe is located in the excavation chamber (10), and the pipe opening of the straight discharge pipe is located in the air cushion chamber (11); one of the main discharge pipe and the straight discharge pipe is selected for slurry discharge; The pipeline extension device at least comprises a first pipeline extension device (5) and a second pipeline extension device (6), and the first pipeline extension device (5) and the second pipeline extension device (6) both comprise pipelines that can be stretched or reset; a plurality of newly added pipe sections are also provided between the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel and the pipeline extension device, and the first pipeline extension device (5) and the second pipeline extension device (6) are respectively connected to two ends of the newly added pipe sections.

2. The shield machine slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulp discharge units have at least two groups, and the main discharge pipes of each group of the pulp discharge units are connected to the reversing device (4).

3. The shield machine slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight discharge pipe, the bypass pipe (103) and the backwash pipe are all connected to the main discharge pipe. The end of the main discharge pipe away from the air cushion cabin (11) is connected to a slurry discharge pump. The main discharge pipe is provided with a main discharge valve group. The main discharge valve group comprises a first main discharge valve (20101), a second main discharge valve (20102), a third main discharge valve (20103) and a fourth main discharge valve (20104) which are arranged on the main discharge pipe in sequence from a side close to the air cushion cabin (11) to a side close to the slurry discharge pump. 4), the first main discharge valve (20101) is located between the air cushion cabin (11) and the straight discharge pipe, the second main discharge valve (20102) is located between the straight discharge pipe and the bypass pipe (103), the third main discharge valve (20103) is located between the bypass pipe (103) and the backwash pipe, and the fourth main discharge valve (20104) is located between the backwash pipe and the slurry discharge pump; a backwash valve group is provided on the backwash pipe, and a bypass valve group is provided on the bypass pipe (103).

4. The shield machine slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main slurry inlet unit (1) comprises a main slurry inlet pipe (102), and a main slurry inlet valve is provided on the main slurry inlet pipe (102).

5. The shield machine slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reversing device (4) comprises a reversing valve group (401), a slurry inlet rear section (402) and a slurry discharge three-way valve (403); the reversing valve group (401) comprises a slurry inlet three-way valve and a slurry discharge three-way valve (403); the slurry inlet three-way valve is used to connect the slurry inlet rear section (402) and each of the pipeline extension devices; the slurry discharge three-way valve (403) is used to connect the slurry discharge three-way valve (403) and each of the pipeline extension devices.

6. The shield machine slag removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline extension device is U-shaped, and the U-shaped opening of the pipeline extension device faces the direction of the air cushion cabin (11).

7. The shield machine slag removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline extension device includes a slurry inlet extension pipe and a slurry discharge extension pipe, and the pipeline extension device also includes a slurry discharge extension valve and a slurry inlet extension valve. The slurry inlet extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry inlet extension pipe, and the slurry discharge extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry discharge extension pipe.

8. A method for constructing a shield machine slag discharge system, using the shield machine slag discharge system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the shield machine slag discharge system, the straight discharge pipe, the bypass pipe (103) and the backwash pipe are all connected to the main discharge pipe, the end of the main discharge pipe away from the air cushion cabin (11) is connected to a slurry discharge pump, and the main discharge pipe is provided with a main discharge valve group, the main discharge valve group includes a first main discharge valve (20101), a second main discharge valve (20102), a third main discharge valve (20103) and a fourth main discharge valve (20104) which are arranged on the main discharge pipe in sequence from a side close to the air cushion cabin (11) to a side close to the slurry discharge pump. 104), the first main discharge valve (20101) is located between the air cushion cabin (11) and the straight discharge pipe, the second main discharge valve (20102) is located between the straight discharge pipe and the bypass pipe (103), the third main discharge valve (20103) is located between the bypass pipe (103) and the backwash pipe, and the fourth main discharge valve (20104) is located between the backwash pipe and the slurry discharge pump; the backwash pipe is provided with a backwash valve group, and the bypass pipe (103) is provided with a bypass valve group; the main slurry feed unit (1) comprises a main slurry feed pipe (102), and the main slurry feed pipe (102) is provided with a main slurry feed valve; characterized in that, The following steps are involved: In the main discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the main discharge valve group and the backwash valve group are closed. At this time, the main slurry pump (101) normally feeds slurry into the excavation chamber (10). The slag excavated by the cutter head (9) enters the excavation chamber (10) and mixes with the slurry. The slurry is continuously stirred by the cutter head (9) to form slurry. The slurry enters the bottom of the air cushion chamber (11) through the entrance of the mud door (14). The stone crusher (13) performs secondary crushing on larger slag blocks. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device (4), the pipeline extension device, and the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel from the pipe mouth of the main discharge pipe in sequence, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system (8); In the direct discharge mode, the bypass valve group, the first main discharge valve (20101) and the backwash valve group are closed, and the main discharge valve group is opened. At this time, the main slurry feed pump (101) feeds slurry into the excavation chamber (10) normally, and the slag excavated by the cutter head (9) enters the excavation chamber (10) and mixes with the slurry feed, and is continuously stirred by the cutter head (9) to form slurry. Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry passes through the straight discharge pipe, part of the main discharge pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device (4), the pipeline extension device, and the slurry discharge pipeline of the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel from the pipe mouth of the straight discharge pipe in sequence, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system (8); In the backwashing mode, the main slurry inlet valve, the third main drain valve (20103), and the main drain valve group are closed, and the first main drain valve (20101), the second main drain valve (20102), the bypass valve group, and the backwashing valve group are opened at the same time. At this time, the main slurry inlet pump (101) stops directly feeding slurry into the excavation chamber (10), and instead feeds slurry from the bypass pipe (103) through the front part of the main drain pipe to the bottom of the air cushion chamber (11), so as to reversely flush the slurry at the front part of the main drain pipe and the bottom of the air cushion chamber (11). Combined with the suction and discharge action of the slurry discharge pump, the slurry in the chamber enters the backwashing pipe through the pipe opening of the backwashing pipe, and passes through the front section and rear part of the main drain pipe, the slurry discharge pump, the reversing device (4), the pipeline extension device, and the main circulation slurry discharge pipe in the tunnel in sequence, and is finally discharged to the slurry separation system (8).

9. The shield machine slag discharge system construction method according to claim 8, wherein in the shield machine slag discharge system, the pipeline extension device at least comprises a first pipeline extension device (5) and a second pipeline extension device (6), and the first pipeline extension device (5) and the second pipeline extension device (6) both comprise pipelines that can be stretched or reset; a plurality of additional pipe sections are further provided between the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel and the pipeline extension device, and the first pipeline extension device (5) and the second pipeline extension device (6) are respectively connected to the two ends of the additional pipe sections; the pipe The pipeline extension device includes a slurry inlet extension pipe and a slurry discharge extension pipe, and the pipeline extension device also includes a slurry discharge extension valve and a slurry inlet extension valve, the slurry inlet extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry inlet extension pipe, and the slurry discharge extension valve is used to control the opening and closing of the slurry discharge extension pipe; the slurry discharge extension valve includes a first slurry discharge extension valve, a second slurry discharge extension valve and an nth slurry discharge extension valve, and the slurry inlet extension valve includes a first slurry inlet extension valve, a second slurry inlet extension valve and an nth slurry inlet extension valve, n=1, 2, 3...; the newly added pipe section includes a first newly added pipe section and a second newly added pipe section; it is characterized in that, The following steps are also included: Step S1: When the shield machine is tunneling normally, the reversing valve group (401) in the reversing device (4) is connected to the first pipeline extension device (5), and the second pipeline extension device (6) is disconnected from the main circulation slurry discharge pipe in the tunnel and is in an initial position and does not move. At this time, the second slurry inlet extension valve, the second slurry discharge extension valve and the valve group on the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel are opened, the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are closed, and the shield machine continues to tunnel forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and the primary extension of the pipeline are achieved through the first pipeline extension device (5); Step S2: When the shield machine advances forward a preset distance, the second pipeline extension device (6) is started to move to a set position, and the second pipeline extension device (6) is bolted and fixedly connected to the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve respectively; the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are opened, and then the reversing valve group (401) of the reversing device (4) is started to perform reversal, and the second slurry inlet extension valve and the second slurry discharge extension valve are closed at the same time, so that the reversing valve group (401) is connected to the second pipeline extension device (6) and the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel, and then the first pipeline extension device (5) is disconnected from the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel, and moved forward to the set position and stopped, and at the same time, the first newly added pipe section and the third slurry inlet extension valve and the third slurry discharge extension valve in the closed state are connected to the front of the second slurry inlet extension valve and the second slurry discharge extension valve respectively and fixed at the preset position in the tunnel; the shield machine continues to advance forward, and the shield circulation slag discharge and the secondary extension of the pipeline are completed through the second pipeline extension device (6); Step S3: When the shield machine advances forward again by a set distance, the second newly added pipe section and the fourth slurry inlet extension valve and the fourth slurry discharge extension valve are respectively connected to the front of the first newly added pipe section, the first pipeline extension device (5) is started to the set position, and the first pipeline extension device (5) is bolted and fixed to the corresponding fourth slurry inlet extension valve and the fourth slurry discharge extension valve respectively; at this time, the fourth slurry inlet extension valve, the fourth slurry discharge extension valve, the second slurry inlet extension valve, and the second slurry discharge extension valve are opened, and then the reversing valve group (401) is started to reverse, and the first slurry inlet extension valve and the first slurry discharge extension valve are closed, so that the first pipeline extension device (5) is connected to the reversing valve group (401) and the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel; then the second pipeline extension device (6) is disconnected from the main circulation pipe (7) in the tunnel, and moves forward to the set position and then stops; The shield machine continues to advance forward, and the shield circulation slag removal and pipeline extension are achieved again through the first pipeline extension device (5); Step S4: The shield machine continues to advance, repeating the above steps S1-S3 to enter the next additional pipe replacement operation cycle, and repeating this operation continuously to complete the shield machine's continuous and uninterrupted circulation slag removal and pipeline extension.

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