A system and method for using offshore renewable energy for island water, electricity and heating supply

Abstract

The present invention provides a system and method for supplying hydropower, heating, and cooling on islands using marine renewable energy. The hydropower, heating, and cooling co-production system of the present invention locally utilizes marine renewable energy, reduces the dependence of islands on mainland energy resources, and reduces carbon emissions. The CO2 separated from the heating system can undergo a hydrogenation reaction with green hydrogen to generate hydrocarbon fuels that are convenient for storage and transportation, solve the difficulty of inconvenient hydrogen storage and transportation, and resourcefully utilize CO2; using the synthesized hydrocarbon fuels as an energy medium to achieve energy interconnection between islands within the region and balance the consumption levels between islands. By reasonably configuring the utilization methods of stable electricity and fluctuating electricity, the need for additional fluctuation adjustment components to handle the electricity generated by renewable energy is avoided; an electricity distribution system is used to distribute the stable electricity generated by fuel generators as needed, realizing the continuous and stable supply of hydropower, heating, and cooling, and maximizing the conversion and utilization of marine renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of offshore energy, and in particular relates to a system and method for using offshore renewable energy for water, electricity and heating supply on islands. Background Art

[0002] There are a large number of islands far from the mainland, where people live for a long time, and they need to be provided with basic water, electricity and heating supplies. At present, the electricity on the islands is mainly provided by diesel generators, which are regularly transported from the mainland; diesel power generation has problems such as high cost, high noise, high carbon emissions and high pollution emissions.

[0003] Freshwater on islands is mainly obtained through natural acquisition, water diversion from the mainland and seawater desalination. The freshwater resources collected by natural acquisition are limited, the cost of water diversion from the mainland is high and there is a high dependence. Seawater desalination technology is becoming more and more popular as the cost decreases. There are abundant renewable energy sources such as wind and light energy around the islands. The development of offshore wind and light energy can avoid the problem of ecological damage in the process of onshore wind and light energy development.

[0004] Therefore, using offshore wind and solar energy to replenish the energy and resource consumption of islands plays an important role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving the independence of island supply. Wind power and photovoltaic power are difficult to connect to the grid due to their large volatility, resulting in a large waste of energy. Using wind power and photovoltaic power to produce hydrogen is currently the most promising energy conversion method. How to use offshore wind power and photovoltaic power to electrolyze fresh water to produce hydrogen and store hydrogen is an important problem in the use of offshore wind and solar energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for using offshore renewable energy for island water, electricity and heating supply, which can utilize offshore renewable energy to generate electricity and apply the electricity to the co-production of water, electricity and heating to provide basic water, electricity and heating supply to long-term stationed personnel.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a system for using offshore renewable energy for water, electricity and heating supply on an island, comprising a fuel generator, an electric energy distribution system, a water pump, a heating system, a reverse osmosis desalination device, a fresh water tank, an electrolyzer, an offshore renewable energy power generation device and a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor;

[0007] The fuel generator is used to transmit electric energy to the electric energy distribution system, and its electric energy output end is connected to the electric energy input end of the electric energy distribution system; the high-temperature H2O and CO2 generated by the fuel generator are transmitted to the heating system, and the high-temperature H2O and CO2 are separated into high-concentration CO2 and condensed water after heat exchange in the heating system, and the condensed water is transmitted to the fresh water tank, and the CO2 is transmitted to the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor;

[0008] The electric energy distribution system has two power supply branches, one power supply branch is used to supply power to the water pump, and the other power supply branch is used as the living electricity for the people on the island;

[0009] The water pump is used to pump seawater to the reverse osmosis seawater desalination device, and the reverse osmosis seawater desalination device is used to desalinate seawater, and the fresh water output by the water pump is transported to the fresh water tank;

[0010] The fresh water tank is used to collect and store the water generated by the heating system and the fresh water generated by the reverse osmosis seawater desalination device. The fresh water tank has two water supply branches. The fresh water of one water supply branch is delivered to the electrolyzer, and the fresh water of the other water supply branch is delivered to the people on the island for use. The electrolyzer electrolyzes water to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the oxygen output by the electrolyzer is passed into the fuel generator, and the hydrogen output is passed into the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor;

[0011] The fluctuating electric energy generated by the offshore renewable energy power generation device is used to power the electrolyzer, and the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor is used to synthesize hydrocarbon fuels from hydrogen and CO2.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a fuel tank, which is used to store the hydrocarbon fuel synthesized by the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor and additional supplementary fuel. The fuel output end of the fuel tank is connected to the fuel input end of the fuel generator to provide fuel for the fuel generator.

[0013] Furthermore, the offshore renewable energy power generation device is one or a combination of two or more of a wind turbine power generation device, a photovoltaic panel power generation device, a tidal power generation device or a current power generation device.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydrocarbon fuel synthesized in the hydrogenation reactor is methanol, methane or formic acid.

[0015] Furthermore, the heating system is a heat exchanger in which water is used as a coolant, and the water after heat exchange is used to provide heating to users.

[0016] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a method for using offshore renewable energy for island water, electricity and heating supply, comprising:

[0017] The fuel generator uses hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen generated by electrolysis of water to generate oxygen-enriched combustion, producing a stable power output. The high-temperature H2O and CO2 produced are used for the heating system;

[0018] The power distribution system distributes the electricity generated by the combustion generator to household electricity and water pump electricity for the reverse osmosis desalination device according to demand;

[0019] The heating system uses the heat from the high-temperature H2O and CO2 emissions generated by the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels to provide the island workers with the heat they need for life. The cooled products are separated into high-concentration carbon dioxide and condensed water.

[0020] The reverse osmosis desalination device desalinates seawater, and the fresh water tank collects and stores the fresh water generated by the heating system and the reverse osmosis desalination device;

[0021] The electrolyzer uses the fluctuating electricity generated by the offshore renewable energy power generation device to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and the oxygen is used for oxygen-enriched combustion in the fuel generator;

[0022] The carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor uses the carbon dioxide output from the heating system and the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer to synthesize hydrocarbons. The synthesized hydrocarbons are supplemented to the fuel generator or supplied to other islands.

[0023] Furthermore, when the heating system has surplus heat, the heat pump is used to provide pumping work for the reverse osmosis desalination device.

[0024] Furthermore, a fuel cell may be used to convert the hydrocarbon fuel generated by the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor into electrical energy.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The island water, electricity and heating supply system of the present invention utilizes offshore renewable energy on site, reduces the island's dependence on mainland energy resources, and reduces carbon emissions; oxygen produced as a byproduct of water electrolysis is used in oxygen-enriched combustion with fuel, which can not only obtain high-purity carbon dioxide for hydrogenation reaction to fix hydrogen, but also convert hydrogen elements in hydrocarbon fuels into scarce fresh water resources, making full use of various material resources.

[0027] 2. The CO2 separated from the heating system can react with green hydrogen to produce liquid hydrocarbon fuels such as methanol and formic acid that are easier to store and transport, thereby solving the inconvenience of hydrogen storage and transportation and making resource-based use of CO2. Synthetic hydrocarbon fuels can be used as energy media to achieve energy interconnection between islands in the region and balance the energy consumption levels between islands.

[0028] 3. Oxygen-enriched combustion of hydrocarbon fuels can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides and reduce the impact of fossil fuels on the atmosphere and marine environment.

[0029] 4. By rationally configuring the utilization of stable electricity and fluctuating electricity, avoid the additional use of fluctuation regulation components to process electricity generated by renewable energy; use the power distribution system to distribute the stable electricity generated by fuel generators on demand, achieve a continuous and stable supply of water, electricity and heating, and maximize the conversion and utilization of offshore renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a system for using offshore renewable energy for island water, electricity and heating supply, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , shows a system for offshore renewable energy for island water, electricity and heating supply provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including a fuel tank 1, a fuel generator 2, an electric energy distribution system 3, a water pump 4, a heating system 5, a reverse osmosis desalination device 6, a fresh water tank 7, an electrolyzer 8, an offshore renewable energy power generation device 9 and a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 10. In practical applications, the offshore renewable energy power generation device 9 can be one or a combination of two or more of a wind turbine power generation device, a photovoltaic panel power generation device, a tidal power generation device or a tidal current power generation device.

[0034] The fuel tank 1 is used to store hydrocarbon fuel synthesized by the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 10 and additional supplementary fuel. The fuel output end of the fuel tank 1 is connected to the fuel input end of the fuel generator 2 to provide fuel for the fuel generator 2.

[0035] The fuel generator 2 is used to transmit electric energy to the electric energy distribution system 3, and the electric energy output end of the fuel generator 2 is electrically connected to the electric energy input end of the electric energy distribution system 3; the high-temperature H2O and CO2 generated by the fuel generator 2 are transmitted to the heating system 5.

[0036] The heating system 5 is a heat exchanger using water as a coolant. After heat exchange, high-temperature H2O and CO2 are separated to obtain high-concentration CO2 and condensed water. The condensed water is transported to the fresh water tank 7, and the CO2 is transported to the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 10.

[0037] The electric energy distribution system 3 has two power supply branches, one of which is used to supply power to the water pump 4, and the other is used as electricity for daily use by people on the island.

[0038] The water pump 4 is used to pump seawater to the reverse osmosis desalination device 6 . The reverse osmosis desalination device 6 is used to desalinate seawater. The fresh water outputted by the reverse osmosis desalination device 6 is transported to the fresh water tank 7 .

[0039] The fresh water tank 7 is used to collect and store water generated by the heating system 5 and the fresh water generated by the reverse osmosis seawater desalination device 6. The fresh water tank 7 has two water supply branches. The fresh water of one water supply branch is transported to the electrolyzer 8, and the fresh water of the other water supply branch is transported to the staff on the island for use; the electrolyzer 8 electrolyzes water to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the oxygen output by the electrolyzer 8 is passed into the fuel generator 2, and the hydrogen output is passed into the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 10.

[0040] The fluctuating electric energy generated by the offshore renewable energy power generation device 9 is used to power the electrolyzer 8. The carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 10 is used to synthesize hydrocarbon fuels from hydrogen and CO2. The reaction raw materials and processes are adjusted as needed. The synthesized hydrocarbon fuels can be methanol, methane or formic acid.

[0041] This embodiment also provides a method for using offshore renewable energy to supply water, electricity and heating to an island, the method comprising the following process:

[0042] The fuel generator 2 uses hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen generated by electrolysis of water to perform oxygen-enriched combustion to generate a stable power output, and the produced high-temperature H2O and CO2 are used for the heating system 5;

[0043] The power distribution system 3 distributes the electricity generated by the combustion generator to the electricity used for domestic use and the water pump 4 of the reverse osmosis desalination device according to demand;

[0044] The heating system 5 uses the heat from the high-temperature H2O and CO2 emissions generated by the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels to provide heat to the staff on the island, and the cooled products are separated into high-concentration carbon dioxide and condensed water;

[0045] The reverse osmosis desalination device 6 desalinates the seawater, and the fresh water tank 7 collects and stores the fresh water generated by the heating system 5 and the reverse osmosis desalination device 6;

[0046] The electrolyzer 8 utilizes the fluctuating electric energy generated by the offshore renewable energy power generation device 9 to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and the oxygen is used for oxygen-enriched combustion of the fuel generator 2;

[0047] The carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 10 synthesizes hydrocarbons using the carbon dioxide output by the heating system 5 and the hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer. The synthesized hydrocarbons are supplemented to the fuel generator 2 or supplied to other islands.

[0048] In summary, the island water, electricity and heating supply system of this embodiment has the following technical effects:

[0049] Utilize offshore renewable energy locally to reduce the island's dependence on mainland energy resources and cut carbon emissions; use oxygen, a byproduct of water electrolysis, and fuel for oxygen-enriched combustion to obtain high-purity carbon dioxide for hydrogenation reactions to fix hydrogen, and also convert hydrogen in hydrocarbon fuels into scarce freshwater resources, making full use of various material resources.

[0050] The CO2 separated from the heating system 5 can undergo a hydrogenation reaction with green hydrogen to produce liquid hydrocarbon fuels such as methanol and formic acid that are easier to store and transport, thereby resolving the difficulty in storing and transporting hydrogen and making resource-based use of CO2. By using synthetic hydrocarbon fuels as energy media, energy interconnection between islands in the region can be achieved, thereby balancing the energy consumption levels between islands.

[0051] Oxygen-enriched combustion of hydrocarbon fuels can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides and the impact of fossil fuels on the atmosphere and marine environment. By rationally configuring the use of stable power and fluctuating power, it is possible to avoid the use of additional fluctuation regulation components to process the power generated by renewable energy; the power distribution system 3 is used to distribute the stable power generated by fuel generators on demand, to achieve a continuous and stable supply of water, electricity and heating, and to maximize the conversion and utilization of offshore renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for using offshore renewable energy for water, electricity and heating supply on islands, characterized in that: Includes fuel generators, power distribution systems, water pumps, heating systems, reverse osmosis desalination units, fresh water tanks, electrolyzers, offshore renewable energy power generation units, and carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactors; The fuel generator is used to transmit electric energy to the electric energy distribution system, and its electric energy output end is electrically connected to the electric energy input end of the electric energy distribution system; the high-temperature H2O and CO2 generated by the fuel generator are transmitted to the heating system, and the high-temperature H2O and CO2 are separated into CO2 and condensed water after heat exchange in the heating system, and the condensed water is used for heating users or transmitted to the fresh water tank after purification, and the CO2 is transmitted to the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor; The electric energy distribution system has two power supply branches, one power supply branch is used to supply power to the water pump, and the other power supply branch is used as the living electricity for the people on the island; The water pump is used to pump seawater to the reverse osmosis seawater desalination device, and the reverse osmosis seawater desalination device is used to desalinate seawater, and the fresh water output by the water pump is transported to the fresh water tank; The fresh water tank is used to collect and store the water generated by the heating system and the fresh water generated by the reverse osmosis desalination device. The fresh water tank has two water supply branches. The fresh water of one water supply branch is delivered to the electrolyzer, and the fresh water of the other water supply branch is delivered to the people on the island for use. The electrolyzer electrolyzes water to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the oxygen output by the electrolyzer is introduced into the fuel generator for oxygen-enriched combustion of fuel, and the output hydrogen is introduced into the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor; The fluctuating electric energy generated by the offshore renewable energy power generation device is used to power the electrolyzer, and the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor is used to synthesize hydrocarbon fuels from hydrogen and CO2.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a fuel tank, which is used to store the hydrocarbon fuel synthesized by the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor and additional supplementary fuel. The fuel output end of the fuel tank is connected to the fuel input end of the fuel generator to provide fuel for the fuel generator.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The offshore renewable energy power generation device is one or a combination of two or more of a wind turbine power generation device, a photovoltaic panel power generation device, a tidal power generation device or a current power generation device.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrocarbon fuel is methanol, methane or formic acid.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The heating system is a heat exchanger that uses water as a coolant, and the heat-exchanged water is used to provide heating to users.

6. A method for using offshore renewable energy for water, electricity and heating supply on islands, characterized in that: include: The fuel generator uses hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen generated by electrolysis of water to generate oxygen-enriched combustion, producing a stable power output. The high-temperature H2O and CO2 produced are used for the heating system; The power distribution system distributes the electricity generated by the combustion generator to household electricity and water pump electricity for the reverse osmosis desalination device according to demand; The heating system uses the heat from the high-temperature H2O and CO2 emissions generated by the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels to provide heat to the island workers, and the cooled products are separated into high-concentration carbon dioxide and condensed water; The reverse osmosis desalination device desalinates seawater, and the fresh water tank collects and stores the fresh water generated by the heating system and the reverse osmosis desalination device; The electrolyzer uses the fluctuating electricity generated by the offshore renewable energy power generation device to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and the oxygen is used to supply oxygen for combustion in the fuel generator; The carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor uses the carbon dioxide output from the heating system and the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer to synthesize hydrocarbons. The synthesized hydrocarbons are supplemented to the fuel generator or supplied to other islands.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that When the heating system has excess heat, the heat pump is used to provide pumping work for the reverse osmosis desalination device.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Fuel cells are used to replace fuel generators to convert hydrocarbon fuels generated by the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor into electrical energy.

Images