A sorting device for reducing damage to crabs caught at sea

Abstract

The application discloses a sorting device capable of effectively reducing damage of crabs, which comprises a placing table for placing crab cages, a conveying mechanism for conveying and sorting crabs and a slow ladder, the placing table is located at one end of the conveying mechanism, the slow ladder is located at the other end of the conveying mechanism, the placing table is provided with conveying ports corresponding to the conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles for preventing the crabs from being sunburned. The crabs in the crab cages are poured into the conveying mechanism under the conveying ports in the middle of the placing table, the conveying mechanism is provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles, the irreversible physiological changes of the portunid crabs caused by long-time dry exposure under the sun are prevented, the large commodity crabs are collected through the slow ladder during the conveying of the portunid crabs by the conveying mechanism, the portunid crabs that do not reach the commodity standard are released through the tail end of the conveying mechanism, the damage of the crabs in the sorting process is effectively reduced, and the survival rate of the temporary breeding portunid crabs is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product processing, and in particular to a sorting device for effectively reducing damage to crabs caught at sea. Background Art

[0002] The three-clawed swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus, hereinafter referred to as swimming crab) is a large commercial marine crab, a major target of marine fisheries and a traditionally valuable seafood export earner for my country. Rationally developing and sustainably utilizing the existing swimming crab resources in our coastal areas and maximizing their value is of great importance. Through temporary fattening, large crabs with hollow shells and thin flesh can be plump and full of meat in just 2-3 months, effectively improving their quality and value. At the same time, farmers can also market them according to market demand, meeting market demands at different times and effectively utilizing the resource.

[0003] However, in recent years, with the further development of the industry, various problems have gradually emerged, especially the low survival rate of temporary rearing and fattening of sea-caught crabs, which has become an important factor affecting and restricting the stable and sustainable development of the industry. The original acquisition and temporary rearing technology can no longer adapt well to the needs of industrial development.

[0004] Research has shown that mechanical damage during the harvesting and transportation process is a major factor affecting fattening survival rates. Traditional crab cage boat operations involve several steps: workers hammer the crabs into the cages and then bundle them together. During this process, the crabs fight each other, resulting in severe limb injuries.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent CN202714071U, published on February 6, 2013, discloses a modular crab cage system comprising a crab cage and a buoy assembly. The buoy assembly comprises a long buoy, a short buoy, a right-angle turn joint, a tee joint, and a cross joint. The long and short buoys are hollow cylindrical shells, with right-angle turn joints, tees, or cross joints mounted at each end to form a plurality of rectangular frames. The width of the rectangular frames corresponds to the length of the crab cage, and the length of the rectangular frames is an integer multiple of the width of the crab cage. The crab cages are housed within the rectangular frames. The crab cage is a rectangular box with a plurality of through holes. The top of the crab cage is open and equipped with a lid. The top opening of the crab cage has a flange, and the flange is larger than the width of the rectangular frame. Although this solution increases the aquaculture density, it suffers from excessive mechanical damage during crab cage recovery and sorting, making it difficult for the crabs to survive. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to address the technical problem that current crab cage systems cause excessive damage to crabs during crab cage sorting, resulting in low crab survival rates. This paper proposes a sorting device that effectively reduces damage to crabs caught at sea, effectively minimizing damage during the sorting process and thereby improving the survival rate of temporarily reared crabs.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sorting device that effectively reduces damage to sea-caught crabs, including a storage table for placing crab cages, a transportation mechanism and a ladder for transporting and sorting crabs, the storage table is located at one end of the transportation mechanism, the ladder is located at the other end of the transportation mechanism, the storage table is provided with a delivery port corresponding to the transportation mechanism, and the transportation mechanism is provided with several water mist nozzles for preventing crabs from sunburn.

[0008] A sorting device that effectively reduces damage to sea-caught crabs. The device places captured crab cages on a storage table, and pours the crabs in the crab cages into a transport mechanism below the transport port through a transport port in the middle of the storage table. The transport mechanism is provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles to prevent irreversible physiological changes in swimming crabs due to prolonged exposure to the sun. During the process of transporting swimming crabs by the transport mechanism, larger commercial crabs are collected through a slow ladder, and swimming crabs that do not meet commercial specifications are released through the tail end of the transport mechanism. Compared with the method in which workers knock the swimming crabs in the cages into boxes and then uniformly sort and bundle them, the device effectively reduces damage to the crabs during the sorting process and improves the survival rate of temporarily cultured swimming crabs.

[0009] Preferably, the transport mechanism includes a conveyor belt with baffles on both sides of the conveyor belt, each of which is equipped with a plurality of water mist nozzles. The baffles on both sides of the conveyor belt prevent the crabs from falling during transportation and sorting, and the water mist nozzles on the baffles on the conveyor belt protect the crabs during transportation and prevent them from sunburn.

[0010] Preferably, the water mist nozzles on one side of the conveyor belt are oriented toward the storage table, while the water mist nozzles on the other side of the conveyor belt are oriented away from the storage table. The water mist nozzles on the two sides of the conveyor belt have different orientations, i.e., spray directions. The water mist nozzles on one side of the conveyor belt spray toward the direction of crabs approaching the conveyor belt, i.e., toward the storage table, while the water mist nozzles on the other side of the conveyor belt spray toward the direction of crabs leaving the conveyor belt, i.e., away from the storage table. This extends the effective spray range of the water mist nozzles compared to direct spraying from the water mist nozzles on both sides of the conveyor belt, preventing the water mist nozzles from spraying water across the opposite baffle and exiting the conveyor belt.

[0011] Preferably, an anesthesia spraying mechanism is provided between the delivery port and the transport mechanism, and the anesthesia spraying mechanism comprises a support frame, and a plurality of spraying devices are provided on the inner side of the support frame.

[0012] The anesthetic spraying mechanism comprises a support frame composed of four support plates, which can be placed on the baffle on both sides of the conveying belt, and the support frame forms a relatively closed space with the conveying port at the beginning of the conveying belt. One or more three-dimensional spraying devices, i.e. multiple water mist nozzles, are arranged in the support frame, and seawater containing a certain concentration of anesthetic is sprayed to achieve the effects of mild anesthesia of the swimming crab and reduction of the activity of the swimming crab.

[0013] As a preferred, the height limiting device for detecting the size of the crab is arranged near one end of the ramp, and the height limiting device comprises an arc-shaped limiting plate, and a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged on the side of the arc-shaped limiting plate close to the placing table. The height limiting device with a distance of about 3 cm from the conveying belt can be used, and the swimming crab with a body height higher than 3 cm is a larger commercial crab, which is intercepted by the height limiting device and triggers the pressure sensor at the corresponding position when colliding with the arc-shaped limiting plate.

[0014] As a preferred, the arc-shaped limiting plate is provided with a water spraying port for pushing the crab away from the end of the ramp. The position of the crab can be determined by triggering the pressure sensor at different positions, so as to adjust the intensity of the water flow output by the water spraying port. When triggered, the initial water flow for the crab close to the water spraying port is weak, and the subsequent water flow is gradually increased. For the crab far away from the water spraying port, a strong initial water flow can be used for the water spraying port, so that the damage to the crab caused by the over-fast pushing speed of the crab due to the over-strong water flow can be avoided.

[0015] As a preferred, the conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying outlet for conveying the screened crabs at the connection between the conveying mechanism and the ramp, and the ramp is provided with a water outlet device near the end of the conveying outlet. The baffle at the connection between the conveying mechanism and the ramp is provided with the conveying outlet for collecting the larger commercial crabs. The ramp is connected to the conveying mechanism at one end and can collect and bundle the crabs at the other end. The water outlet device is arranged on both sides of the port near the end of the conveying outlet of the ramp, and the crabs are sent into the collecting device at the end of the ramp through the water outlet and the water flow.

[0016] As a preferred, the placing table is provided with a buffer pad for protecting the crabs, and the buffer pad surrounds the conveying port. The conveying port is circular, and the buffer pad is arranged around the conveying port to prevent the crabs from being damaged by colliding with the table when getting out of the crab cage. In addition, a funnel-shaped conveying sleeve can be arranged at the bottom of the conveying port to further protect the crabs from falling onto the conveying belt.

[0017] The substantial effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention pours the crabs in the crab cage into the transport mechanism below the transport port through the transport port in the middle of the storage table; the transport mechanism is provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles to prevent the swimming crabs from causing irreversible physiological changes due to being exposed to the sun for too long; in the process of transporting swimming crabs by the transport mechanism, larger commercial crabs are collected through a slow ladder, and swimming crabs that do not meet the commercial specifications are released through the tail end of the transport mechanism; compared with the method in which workers knock the swimming crabs in the cage into the frame and then uniformly sort and bundle them, the present invention effectively reduces the damage to the crabs during the sorting process and improves the survival rate of temporarily cultured swimming crabs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the anesthesia injection mechanism of Example 1;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the transport mechanism of Example 1;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of Example 2;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the transportation mechanism of Example 2.

[0023] Among them: 1. Storage table, 2. Transport mechanism, 3. Ladder, 4. Delivery port, 5. Conveyor belt, 6. Water mist nozzle, 7. Height limit device, 8. Buffer pad, 9. Baffle, 10. Separation brush, 11. Contrast area, 12. Support frame, 13. Arc-shaped limiting plate, 14. Water nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] A sorting device that effectively reduces damage to sea crabs, such as Figure 1 As shown, the crab cage comprises a storage table 1 for placing crab pots, a transport mechanism 2 for transporting and sorting crabs, and a ladder 3. The storage table 1 is located at one end of the transport mechanism 2, and the ladder 3 is located at the other end of the transport mechanism 2. The storage table 1 is provided with a delivery opening 4 corresponding to the transport mechanism 2. The storage table 1 is provided with a cushioning pad 8 for protecting crabs. The cushioning pad 8 surrounds the delivery opening 4. The delivery opening 4 is circular, and the cushioning pad 8 is arranged around the delivery opening 4 to prevent the crabs from colliding with the table and being damaged when leaving the crab pots.

[0027] The height limiting device 7 near one end of the transport mechanism 2 close to the ramp 3 is used to detect the size of the crab, and the height limiting device 7 comprises an arc-shaped limiting plate 13, and the arc-shaped limiting plate 13 is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors near one side close to the placing table 1. The end of the arc-shaped limiting plate 13 away from the ramp 3 is provided with a water outlet 14 used to push the crab. The position of the crab can be determined by triggering the pressure sensors at different positions, so as to adjust the intensity of the water flow output by the water outlet 14. When triggered, the initial water flow of the crab close to the water outlet 14 is weak, and the subsequent water flow is gradually increased. For the crab far away from the water outlet 14, the water outlet 14 can adopt a strong initial water flow, so that the damage to the crab caused by the over-fast pushing speed of the water flow can be avoided.

[0028] The transport mechanism 2 is provided with an output port at the connection position with the ramp 3, and the end of the ramp 3 close to the output port is provided with a water outlet device. The baffle 9 at the connection position of the transport mechanism 2 and the ramp 3 is provided with the output port for collecting the large-size commercial crab. The ramp 3 is connected to the transport mechanism 2 at one end and can collect and bind the crabs at the other end. The end of the ramp 3 close to the output port is provided with water outlets, i.e. the water outlet device, on both sides of the port. Water is sprayed through the water outlets, and the commercial crabs are smoothly sent into the collecting device at the end of the ramp 3 through the water flow.

[0029] The height limiting device 7 can be arranged at a distance of about 3 cm from the transmission belt 3. The body height of the portunid crab higher than 3 cm is a large-size commercial crab, which is intercepted by the height limiting device 7 and triggers the pressure sensor at the corresponding position when colliding with the arc-shaped limiting plate 13. The height limiting device 7 is provided with a plurality of pressure sensing devices. When a pressure sensing device senses that a crab is intercepted, a water flow nozzle opposite to the arc-shaped limiting plate 13 is immediately started to flush the crab into the side ramp 3 for subsequent binding and collection through the water flow. The portunid crab with a body height less than 3 cm directly passes through the height limiting device 7, and the end of the transmission belt 5 is connected to the outside of the ship body. The small-size crabs directly pass through the transmission belt 5 and return to the sea, so as to achieve the purpose of non-damaging release.

[0030] The anesthetic spraying mechanism is arranged between the conveying port 4 and the transport mechanism 2. As shown in Figure 2 The anesthetic spraying mechanism comprises a support frame 12, and the inner side of the support frame 12 is provided with a plurality of spraying devices. The anesthetic spraying mechanism comprises a support frame 12 composed of four supporting plates. The support frame 12 forms a relatively closed space from the conveying port 4 to the beginning of the transmission belt 5. A ring or multiple rings of three-dimensional spraying devices, i.e. a plurality of water mist nozzles 6, are arranged in the support frame 12. The seawater containing a certain concentration of anesthetic is sprayed to achieve the effect of slightly anesthetizing the portunid crab and reducing the activity of the portunid crab.

[0031] When the crab reaches the transport belt 5, the transport belt 5 will stop for a few seconds to achieve better anesthesia effect. The anesthetic is eugenol with a concentration of 1g / L. After this section, the water mist sprayer 6 of the transport belt 5 sprays seawater containing stable vitamin C with a concentration of 1g / L, which has a moisturizing and anti-stress effect and does not add anesthetic. The flow rate of the spray head for spraying anesthetic is greater than that of the pure seawater mist sprayer 6, and the high flow rate can achieve rapid anesthesia effect.

[0032] The transport mechanism 2 includes a transport belt 5, as shown in the drawings. Figure 3 The transport mechanism 2 is provided with a plurality of water mist sprayers 6 for preventing the crab from being sunburned, and the water mist sprayers 6 are arranged on the baffles 9 on both sides of the transport belt 5. The baffles 9 on both sides of the transport belt 5 prevent the crab from falling during the transport and sorting process, and the water mist sprayers 6 on the baffles 9 of the transport belt 5 can protect the crab during the transport process and prevent the crab from being sunburned. The spray heads of the water mist sprayers 6 on one side of the baffles 9 of the transport belt 5 are all directed towards the placement table 1, and the spray heads of the water mist sprayers 6 on the other side of the baffles 9 of the transport belt 5 are all directed away from the placement table 1. The directions of the spray heads of the water mist sprayers 6 on the baffles 9 on both sides of the transport belt 5 are different, the spray heads of the water mist sprayers 6 on one side of the baffles 9 of the transport belt 5 are all directed towards the direction in which the crab approaches the transport belt 5, i.e. towards the placement table 1, and the spray heads of the water mist sprayers 6 on the other side of the baffles 9 of the transport belt 5 are all directed towards the direction in which the crab leaves the transport belt 5, i.e. away from the placement table 1. In this way, compared with the water mist sprayers 6 on the baffles 9 on both sides of the transport belt 5, the effective spray range of the water mist sprayers 6 is extended, and the water mist sprayers 6 are prevented from spraying water over the baffles 9 on the other side of the transport belt 5.

[0033] In this embodiment, a circular opening is formed in the middle of the stainless steel table, and the circular opening is surrounded by a buffer material, which can reduce the shock effect of the crab cage and the table on the crab and possible limb damage.

[0034] The main body of the transport belt 5 is made of stainless steel material with strong seawater corrosion resistance. The transport speed is convenient to adjust, and can be adjusted at any time according to the number of crabs on the transport belt 5. The material of the transport belt 5 is a material with buffering capacity, which can reduce the force when the crab falls. A water mist sprayer 6 is arranged at an interval of 50cm between the high parts on both sides of the transport device, which can prevent the crab from causing irreversible physiological changes due to dry exposure under the condition of sun exposure.

[0035] The inclined ladder body is made of stainless steel material, one end of which is connected with the edge baffle of the conveying device, and the other end is connected with the collecting device of the commercial crab; the tail end of the conveying device is connected to the outside of the ship body, which is mainly used for releasing the undersized fiddler crabs. The frame for holding fiddler crabs is made of plastic, about 4 cm high, basically higher than the body height of the commercial fiddler crabs, about 80 cm and 40 cm in length and width, respectively, and can be stacked and relatively stable. The frame has a certain strength at the bottom and will not deform after holding fiddler crabs, so that the lower frame will not deform due to gravity when stacked, and the fiddler crabs will be in a squeezed state. Through the above method, the degree of injury of fiddler crabs caused by mutual biting and limb damage is greatly reduced, and the dry exposure time is greatly reduced.

[0036] Example two:

[0037] The difference between this embodiment and example one is that a plurality of separation brushes 10 for separating and limiting crabs can be arranged on the conveying belt 5. As shown in Figure 4 、 Figure 5 , a plurality of separation brushes 10 on the conveying belt 5 are arranged to form two opposite wave-shaped blocking lines, and the blocking line close to the side of the ramp 3 is provided with a plurality of sorting gaps. When it is detected that the commercial crabs of larger size trigger the pressure sensing device on the height limiting device 7, the water jet head will flush the commercial crabs in the two blocking lines into the side ramp 3. The middle gap formed by the two opposite wave-shaped blocking lines of the separation brushes 10 can be used to place crabs. Compared with the conveying belt 55 without separation brushes 10, the position of the crabs can be effectively controlled, which is convenient for sorting.

[0038] In addition, the middle gap formed by the two blocking lines can be provided with a contrast area 11, which is convenient for workers to intuitively judge whether the fiddler crabs meet the commercial specifications, so as to prevent missing crabs meeting the standard. The direction of the separation brushes 10 around the contrast area 11 can be outward, i.e. the separation brushes 10 around the contrast area 11 are inclined outward in a funnel shape, which is convenient for crabs to slide into the contrast area 11.

[0039] The captured crab cage is placed on the placing table 1, the crabs in the crab cage are poured into the transportation mechanism 2 below the conveying port 4 in the middle of the placing table 1, the transportation mechanism 2 is provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles 6, which can prevent the fiddler crabs from causing irreversible physiological changes due to dry exposure for too long under the condition of sun exposure. In the process of transporting the fiddler crabs by the transportation mechanism 2, the larger commercial crabs are collected by the ramp 3, and the undersized commercial fiddler crabs are released through the tail end of the transportation mechanism 2. Compared with the way that workers knock the fiddler crabs in the cage into the frame and then sort and bind them, the damage of crabs in the sorting process is effectively reduced, and the survival rate of the temporary fiddler crabs is improved.

[0040] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sorting device effective to reduce damage to crabs caught at sea, characterised in that, Including the placing table (1) for placing crab cage, the transport mechanism (2) for conveying sorting crabs and the slow ladder (3), the placing table (1) is located in one end of the transport mechanism (2), the slow ladder (3) is located in the other end of the transport mechanism (2), the placing table (1) is equipped with the conveying port (4) corresponding the transport mechanism (2), the transport mechanism (2) is equipped with several water mist sprayers (6) for preventing crabs from sunburn; The conveying port (4) and the transport mechanism (2) are equipped with anesthetic spray mechanism, the anesthetic spray mechanism includes support frame (12), the inner side of support frame is equipped with several spray devices, the transport mechanism (2) is equipped with height limiting device (7) for detecting crab size near the slow ladder end, the height limiting device includes arc-shaped limiting plate (13), the arc-shaped limiting plate is equipped with several pressure sensors near the placing table (1) side, the arc-shaped limiting plate is equipped with water outlet (14) for pushing crabs away from the slow ladder end, the position of crabs is judged by triggering different positions of pressure sensors, so as to adjust the water flow intensity of water outlet.

2. The sorting device of claim 1, wherein, The transport mechanism (2) includes conveying belt (5), the conveying belt (5) is equipped with baffle (9) on both sides, the baffle (9) on both sides of conveying belt (5) is equipped with several water mist sprayers (6).

3. The sorting device of claim 2, wherein, The spray head direction of water mist sprayer (6) on one side baffle (9) of conveying belt (5) is close to the placing table (1), the spray head direction of water mist sprayer (6) on the other side baffle (9) of conveying belt (5) is away from the placing table (1), the water mist sprayer (6) is arranged at an interval of 50cm between the high parts on both sides of conveying device.

4. The sorting device of claim 1, wherein, The support frame is composed of four supporting plates, the support frame is arranged on the baffle on both sides of conveying belt, and one or more three-dimensional spray devices are arranged inside, and seawater containing anesthetic is sprayed.

5. The sorting device of claim 2, wherein, Several separation brushes (10) for separating and limiting crabs are arranged on the conveying belt (5), the several separation brushes (10) are arranged to form two opposite wave-shaped blocking lines, the blocking line near the slow ladder (3) side is equipped with several sorting gaps, and the middle gap formed by the two opposite wave-shaped blocking lines of the separation brushes (10) is used for placing crabs.

6. The sorting device of claim 1, wherein, The transport mechanism (2) and the slow ladder (3) are connected, and the transport outlet for conveying screened crabs is arranged at the connection, the slow ladder (3) is equipped with water outlet device on both sides near the transport outlet end, and the other end is connected with the collection device of commodity crabs.

7. The sorting device of claim 1, wherein the sorting device is effective to reduce damage to crabs caught at sea. The placing table (1) is equipped with buffer pad (8) for protecting crabs, the buffer pad (8) surrounds the conveying port (4), the conveying port is circular, and funnel-shaped conveying sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the conveying port.

8. The sorting device of claim 5, wherein, The middle gap formed by the two blocking lines is provided with contrast area (11), and the separation brushes (10) around the contrast area (11) are inclined outward in a funnel shape.

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