Surgical instruments

Abstract

The present invention relates to a surgical instrument, belonging to the technical field of medical instruments. The surgical instrument comprises: a handle assembly, comprising a gripping shell capable of realizing a gripping function and a motor arranged in the gripping shell; a working head assembly, comprising a docking shell detachably connected to the gripping shell and a tool mounted on the docking shell, the tool comprising an interface assembly mounted on the docking shell, an outer tube and an inner tube mounted on the interface assembly, the inner tube being located inside the outer tube, the inner tube being parallel to the outer tube and being coaxially arranged; a liquid reflux chamber is formed in the docking shell, and a through hole for connecting the inner tube and the liquid reflux chamber is provided on the interface assembly; the liquid inside the human body is sucked into the through hole along the inner tube, and is sucked into the liquid reflux chamber through the through hole; wherein, there are at least two working head assemblies, one of which is selectively mounted on the handle assembly, and the models and / or sizes of the tools of at least two working head assemblies are different.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a surgical instrument and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, the main working function of the planer device is to process bones, cartilage tissues and even burr bones by planing, cutting, trimming and grinding, and to prepare for subsequent operations.

[0003] At present, the handle of the planer in the prior art is an integrated structure, and the handle includes a handle part and a docking part. A motor is arranged in the handle part, and a tool is inserted and installed in the docking part. The tool and the handle are detachably connected. When the tool needs to be replaced, the tool only needs to be pulled out and inserted from the handle. However, the existing planer has the following problems: in order to meet different surgical requirements, the tool has different models and sizes, so that the size and appearance structure of the interface component are different, so that in the prior art, different tools can only be matched with the corresponding handle, resulting in the problem of low universality of the handle. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument with reduced cost.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a surgical instrument, comprising:

[0006] A handle assembly, comprising a gripping housing capable of realizing a gripping function and a motor disposed in the gripping housing;

[0007] A working head assembly comprises a docking shell detachably connected to the holding shell and a tool mounted on the docking shell, wherein the tool comprises an interface assembly mounted on the docking shell, an outer tube and an inner tube mounted on the interface assembly, wherein the inner tube is located inside the outer tube, and the inner tube is parallel to and coaxially arranged with the outer tube; a liquid reflux chamber is formed inside the docking shell, and a through hole for connecting the inner tube and the liquid reflux chamber is provided on the interface assembly; liquid inside the human body is sucked into the through hole along the inner tube, and is sucked into the liquid reflux chamber through the through hole;

[0008] There are at least two working head assemblies, one of which is selectively mounted on the handle assembly, and the cutters of at least two of the working head assemblies are of different models and / or sizes.

[0009] Furthermore, a first docking surface and a second docking surface that match each other are formed on the holding shell and the docking shell, and the planes where the first docking surface and the second docking surface are located are not perpendicular to the central axis of the surgical instrument.

[0010] Furthermore, a housing cavity for installing a motor and a water outlet cavity formed on one side of the housing cavity are formed in the holding shell. After the holding shell and the docking shell are docked, the liquid reflux cavity is docked with the water outlet cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, a switch for switching the liquid reflux chamber and the water outlet channel is provided between the liquid reflux chamber and the water outlet channel or on the liquid reflux chamber or the water outlet channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the interface assembly includes a docking joint installed on the docking shell and a plug joint installed on the rear side of the docking joint, one end of the outer tube is inserted into and fixed on the docking joint, one end of the inner tube is inserted into and fixed on the plug joint, the plug joint is located in the liquid reflux chamber, the through hole is opened on the plug joint, and one end of the inner tube extends into the through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the docking joint is detachably connected to the docking shell, and the plug joint is detachably connected to the docking joint.

[0014] Furthermore, the motor has an output shaft, and a chuck is mounted on the output shaft. After the holding shell and the docking shell are docked, the chuck clamps the plug connector so that the motor drives the inner tube to move.

[0015] Furthermore, the surgical instrument also includes a control component that realizes the operation of the motor through the transmission of a control signal.

[0016] Furthermore, the control component is mounted on the docking shell, a first electrical matching portion electrically connected to the motor is formed on the holding shell, and a second electrical matching portion electrically connected to the control component is formed on the docking shell; after the holding shell and the docking shell are docked, the first electrical matching portion and the second electrical matching portion are electrically connected.

[0017] Furthermore, an anti-foolproof structure and a snap-fit ​​structure are provided between the holding shell and the docking shell, and the anti-foolproof structure and the snap-fit ​​structure are relatively provided on both sides of the central axis along the central axis of the holding shell.

[0018] Furthermore, a water outlet communicated with the liquid reflux chamber is provided on the docking shell, and the liquid in the liquid reflux chamber is sucked out of the docking shell through the water outlet.

[0019] Furthermore, the surgical instrument also includes a suction component connected to the water outlet, and the suction component is used to generate negative pressure to suck the internal liquid of the human body to the outside of the handle.

[0020] Furthermore, an insulating member is provided on the inner wall of the liquid reflux chamber.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present application arranges the cutter on a docking shell that can match the gripping shell of the handle assembly, the liquid reflux chamber is arranged in the docking shell, and there are at least two working head assemblies, the models and / or sizes of the cutters in at least two working head assemblies are different, and one of them is selectively installed on the handle assembly, so that one handle assembly can be adapted to cutters of different models and / or sizes (i.e., different specifications), thereby improving the adaptability of the handle assembly, reducing the models of the handle assembly, and helping to save costs.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical instrument shown in Example 1 of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the handle assembly shown in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 For Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a gripping shell adapted to the handle assembly shown;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of holding the housing in another direction;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the surgical instrument shown;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the surgical instrument shown in another direction;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the surgical instrument shown in Example 2 of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 an enlarged view of a portion of the surgical instrument shown;

[0032] Fig.10 and Fig.11 They are schematic diagrams of the structures of two other docking shells that can be used in the surgical instrument of the present application;

[0033] Fig.12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the surgical instrument shown in Example 3 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5 The surgical instrument 100 shown in the first embodiment of the present invention is a planer used for planing, cutting, trimming, grinding, and the like of bones, cartilage tissues, and even burrs inside the human body. Of course, in other embodiments, the surgical instrument 100 can also be other, for example, a bone saw, a bone hammer, a scraper, and the like. In practice, working heads with different functions can be replaced according to different needs, and no specific limitation is made here. Specifically, the surgical instrument 100 includes a handle assembly 10 and at least two working head assemblies 20 detachably connected to the handle assembly 10, one of which is mounted on the handle assembly 10.

[0039] The handle assembly 10 includes a gripping shell 11 that can realize the gripping function and a motor 2 arranged in the gripping shell 11. In the present embodiment, the gripping shell 11 is made of metal, and the metal is stainless steel or the like. Of course, in other embodiments, the gripping shell 11 may also be made of plastic material, which is not specifically limited here and depends on the actual situation. A receiving cavity 111 is formed in the gripping shell 11, and the motor 2 is fixedly accommodated in the receiving cavity 111. A first docking surface 110 is formed on the gripping shell 11. The motor 2 may be fixed by fastener connection, threaded connection, bonding or the like, which is not specifically limited here and depends on the actual situation. The motor 2 has an output shaft 21 for outputting a rotational force to the working head assembly 20.

[0040] The working head assembly 20 includes a docking shell 12 detachably connected to the holding shell 11 and a tool 4 mounted on the docking shell 12. The tool 4 is a working head. In this embodiment, the docking shell 12 is plugged into the holding shell 11. In order to facilitate efficient assembly of the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12 and improve the stability after assembly, an anti-fool structure and a snap-on structure are provided between the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12. The anti-fool structure and the snap-on structure are relatively arranged on both sides of the central axis dd of the holding shell 11. For details, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The fool-proof structure includes a fool-proof groove formed on the holding shell 11 and a fool-proof block formed on the docking shell 12.

[0041] In this embodiment, the foolproof block includes a first foolproof block 125 and a second foolproof block 126 which are mirror-set, and a third foolproof block 127 located between the first foolproof block 125 and the second foolproof block 126. The first foolproof block 125 and the second foolproof block 126 are flat blocks, and the planes where the two are located form an acute angle. The number and position of the foolproof grooves correspond to the number and position of the foolproof blocks. Specifically, the foolproof grooves include a first foolproof groove 1131 and a second foolproof groove 1132 which are corresponding to the first foolproof block 125 and the second foolproof block 126, and a third foolproof groove 1133 which is corresponding to the third foolproof block 127. The ends of the first foolproof block 125 and the second foolproof block 126 are arc-shaped surfaces. The third foolproof block 127 is a columnar structure, and its end has a guide portion. In this embodiment, the first anti-idiot block 125, the second anti-idiot block 126 and the third anti-idiot block 127 are all arranged on the docking shell 12, and the first anti-idiot groove 1131, the second anti-idiot groove 1132 and the third anti-idiot groove 1133 are all arranged on the holding shell 11. Of course, in other embodiments, the first anti-idiot block 125, the second anti-idiot block 126 and the third anti-idiot block 127 can be arranged on the holding shell 12, the first anti-idiot groove 1131, the second anti-idiot groove 1132 and the third anti-idiot groove 1133 can be arranged on the docking shell 12, or some anti-idiot blocks can be arranged on the holding shell 11, and other anti-idiot blocks can be arranged on the docking shell 12, some anti-idiot grooves can be arranged on the holding shell 11, and other anti-idiot grooves can be arranged on the docking shell 12, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 and Fig.11 A foolproof groove 14 and two foolproof blocks 125 and 126 are formed on the docking housing 12. The two foolproof blocks 125 and 126 are arranged on both sides of the foolproof groove 14 along the axis of the foolproof groove 14 in a mirror-image manner. The planes where the first foolproof block 125 and the second foolproof block 126 are located form an acute angle. Fig.10 The rear ends of the first foolproof block 125 and the second foolproof block 126 respectively include vertical surfaces 1251, 1261 and guide surfaces 1252, 1262 extending obliquely backward from both ends of the vertical surfaces 1251, 1261. Fig.11 The rear ends of the first anti-foolproof block 125 and the second anti-foolproof block 1261 are transverse inclined surfaces 1253 and 1263 inclined outward, and the transverse inclined surfaces 1253 and 1263 play a guiding role.

[0042] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 7In this embodiment, the buckle structure includes a hook 128 disposed on the docking shell 12, a slot 114 disposed on the holding shell 11 and cooperating with the hook 128, a button 1291 disposed on the docking shell 12 to drive the hook 128 and the slot 114 to unlock, and a spring 1292 that drives the button 1291 to move upward to reset. Specifically, the docking shell 12 is recessed inward from its rear end surface to form a hook slot (not numbered), the hook slot extends along the axial direction of the docking shell 12, and the hook 128 is located in the hook slot. The hook 128 has a fixed end (not numbered) fixed to the docking shell 12 and a hook end 1281 disposed relative to the fixed end, and the hook portion of the hook end 1281 faces outward. The hook end cooperates with the slot 114 to achieve locking of the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12. The docking housing 12 is formed with a button slot (not numbered) for accommodating the button 1291. The button slot extends radially along the docking housing 12, and the button slot is connected to the hook slot. In the radial direction of the docking housing 12, the button 1291 is located outside the hook 128, and the bottom surface of the button 1291 abuts against the upper surface of the hook 128. The top surface of the button 1291 is located outside the docking housing 12, and the spring 1292 abuts between the inner bottom surface of the hook slot and the button 1291. Fig.12 The buckle structure includes a hook 128, a slot 114 that cooperates with the hook 128, a button 1291 that drives the hook 128 and the slot 114 to unlock, and a spring 1292 that drives the button 1291 to reset. In this embodiment, the hook 128, the button 1291 and the spring 1292 are also arranged on the docking shell 12, and the slot 114 is arranged on the holding shell 11, wherein the hook portion of the hook end 1281 faces inward, the hook 128 is installed on the docking shell 12 through the pin 1282, the fixed end (not numbered) and the hook end of the hook 128 are respectively located on both sides of the pin 1282, and the button 1291 is supported on the fixed end. In addition, in other embodiments, the hook, the button and the spring can also be arranged on the holding shell, and the slot can be arranged on the docking shell.

[0043] Please combine Figures 3 to 6 , a receiving cavity 121 for receiving part of the tool 4 and a liquid reflux cavity 123 arranged on one side of the receiving cavity 121 are provided in the docking shell 12, and at least part of the tool 4 extends into the liquid reflux cavity 123. A second docking surface 120 matching the first docking surface 110 is formed on the docking shell 12. The second docking surface 120 is formed on the rear side of the liquid reflux cavity 123, and a docking hole 1202 for docking the motor 2 with the tool 4 is provided on the second docking surface 120. In the present embodiment, the plane where the first docking surface 110 and the second docking surface 120 are located is perpendicular to the central axis dd of the surgical instrument 100 (that is, the plane where the first docking surface 110 and the second docking surface 120 are located is a vertical plane, and the vertical plane is approximately Figure 1In other embodiments, the plane where the first docking surface 110 and the second docking surface 120 are located is not perpendicular to the central axis dd of the surgical instrument 100, and the two form an acute angle less than 90° (that is, the plane where the first docking surface 110 and the second docking surface 120 are located is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is approximately Figure 1 The dotted line bb is located at a position where it should be noted that in other embodiments, the inclined surface may also be at other angles, such as Figure 1 Optimally, the plane where the first docking surface 110 and the second docking surface 120 are located forms an acute angle less than 50° and greater than 30° with the central axis dd of the surgical instrument 100, so as to facilitate the docking of the docking housing 12 and the gripping housing 11. As described above, the docking housing 12 and the gripping housing 11 are plug-in connected. For details, see Figure 2 The holding shell 11 is formed with an insertion port 115, the first docking surface 110 is located in the insertion port 115, and the foolproof groove and the card slot 114 are formed concavely in the first docking surface 110. Figure 4 The second docking surface 120 extends backward to form a plug-in ring portion 1201 inserted into the plug-in port 115. The plug-in ring portion 1201 abuts against the side of the plug-in port 115 in the circumferential direction. The first anti-fool block 125 and the second anti-fool block 126 protrude backward from the plug-in ring portion 1201. The third anti-fool block 127 and the hook 128 are formed backward from the second docking surface 120. The third anti-fool block 127 and the hook 128 are located on the inner side of the plug-in ring portion 1201. The design of the anti-fool structure can prevent the docking housing 12 and the holding housing 11 from rotating relative to each other. At the same time, the buckle structure can prevent the docking housing 12 and the holding housing 11 from moving relative to each other in the axial direction. By relatively arranging the anti-fool structure and the buckle structure on both sides of the central axis dd, only one buckle structure needs to be designed to achieve axial fixation. It should be noted that the docking shell 12 and the holding shell 11 in this embodiment are triangular in shape, and the plug-in ring portion 1201 and the side surface of the plug-in port 115 are circumferentially abutted against each other, which can further limit the relative rotation of the docking shell 12 and the holding shell 11.

[0044] It should be noted that the structure and size of the second docking surface 120 of the docking shell 12 in at least two working head assemblies 20 are the same, and the models and / or sizes of the tools 4 of different working head assemblies 20 are different. Due to the difference in models and / or sizes of the tools 4, it will cause differences in the size and structure of the assembled liquid reflux chamber 123 and the accommodating chamber 121. However, since the second docking surface 120 remains unchanged, different working head assemblies 20 can be detachably connected to the handle assembly 10, so that one handle assembly 10 can be adapted to tools 4 of different models and / or sizes (i.e., different specifications), thereby improving the adaptability of the handle assembly 10, reducing the models of the handle assembly 10, and helping to save costs.

[0045] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 The tool 4 includes an interface component 41 installed on the docking shell 12, an outer tube 43 and an inner tube 42 installed on the interface component 41. The inner tube 42 is located inside the outer tube 43, and is arranged in parallel and coaxially. The interface component 41 is partially inserted into the liquid reflux chamber 123, and a through hole 410 is provided on the interface component 41 to connect the inner tube 42 and the liquid reflux chamber 123. The liquid inside the human body is sucked into the through hole 410 along the inner tube 42, and is sucked into the liquid reflux chamber 123 through the through hole 410. Specifically, the interface component 41 includes a docking joint 412 installed on the docking shell 12 and a plug joint 413 installed on the rear side of the docking joint 412. The plug joint 413 is located in the liquid reflux chamber 123, and the through hole 410 is provided on the plug joint 413. The rear end of the outer tube 43 is inserted and fixed in the joint 412, the rear end of the inner tube 42 is inserted and fixed in the plug joint 413, and the rear end of the inner tube 42 extends into the through hole 410, and the front end of the inner tube 42 extends into the outer tube 43. There is a gap (not numbered) between the outer tube 43 and the inner tube 42, so that the inner tube 42 can move in the outer tube 43. At the same time, in order to enable the inner tube 42 to run more smoothly in the outer tube 43 and then perform the planing work, the front ends of the outer tube 43 and the inner tube 42 are cutter heads 44, and the cutter heads 44 can be in a tooth shape, and the tooth shape is a tooth-shaped oblique incision, so that the cutter heads 44 can be sharper for planing and grinding bones. Alternatively, the cutter heads 44 can also be in other shapes, such as only oblique incisions, etc., which are not specifically limited here, as long as the above purpose is achieved.

[0046] When the blade head 44 is planing or grinding human organs, a cleaning liquid will be used to clean the part. In order to be able to transport the cleaning liquid inside the human body to the outside of the human body, in this embodiment, a water outlet channel 112 is formed in the holding shell 11, and the water outlet channel 112 is located on one side of the accommodating chamber 111, and the accommodating chamber 111 is not connected to the water outlet channel 112. After the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12 are docked, the liquid reflux chamber 123 is docked with the water outlet channel 112. In addition, a switch (not shown) is provided between the liquid reflux chamber 123 and the water outlet channel 112 or on the liquid reflux chamber 123 or on the water outlet channel 112 to realize the opening and closing of the liquid reflux chamber 123 and the water outlet channel 112. The switch can be a mechanical valve, specifically a water valve, or an electronic valve. Specifically, an extension cavity 1231 is formed in the docking shell 12 extending backward from the liquid reflux cavity 123 . The liquid reflux cavity 123 is docked with the water outlet cavity 112 through the extension cavity 1231 , and the water valve is arranged on the extension cavity 1231 .

[0047] As described above, the motor 2 and the cutter 4 are connected through the connecting hole 1202 on the second connecting surface 120 (see Figure 4 ) to achieve docking, that is, when the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12 are docked, the motor 2 and the tool 4 pass through the docking hole 1202 (see Figure 4 ) to complete docking. Specifically, the surgical instrument 100 also includes a chuck 22 mounted on the output shaft 21. Figure 2 After the holding housing 11 and the docking housing 12 are docked, the clamp 22 passes through the docking hole 1202 (see Figure 4 ) clamps the rear end of the plug connector 413 so that the motor 2 drives the inner tube 42 to move. The chuck 22 has a receiving chamber 23, in which an elastic member (not shown) is arranged, one end of the elastic member is mounted on the output shaft 21, and the other end is mounted with a holding member (not shown). In this embodiment, the elastic member is a compression spring, and the purpose of providing the compression spring is that when the plug connector 413 is plugged into the chuck 22, the holding member abuts against the rear end of the plug connector 413 and moves toward the direction of the motor 2 under the action of an external force, thereby compressing the compression spring; when the working head assembly 20 and the handle assembly 10 are disassembled, the external force applied to the compression spring is withdrawn, and the compression spring pushes the holding member to move in a direction away from the motor 2 under the action of its own elastic force, so as to push the working head assembly 20 to move in a direction away from the motor 2, thereby allowing the working head assembly 20 and the handle assembly 10 to be quickly disassembled.

[0048] In this embodiment, the docking joint 412 is detachably connected to the docking shell 12, and the plug connector 413 is also detachably connected to the docking joint 412, so that medical staff can clean, disinfect or replace the cutter 4 and the liquid reflux chamber 123. The detachable manner of the plug connector 413 and the docking joint 412 adopts the existing design, which is not described in detail here. The detachable manner of the cutter 4 and the docking shell 12 is snap-fitting. Specifically, a notch 124 is provided on the docking shell 12, and a clamping member 418 that is snap-fitted with the notch 124 is provided on the cutter 4. Among them, the notch 124 is provided on the docking shell 12 and is connected to the accommodating chamber 121. The clamping member 418 is provided on the docking joint 412. The clamping member 418 and the docking joint 412 can be integrally formed or separately provided, without specific limitation, depending on the actual situation. Meanwhile, the material of the clamping member 418 can be plastic, etc., which can produce a slight deformation under the action of external force, so that the clamping member 418 slides along the accommodating cavity 121 and then engages with the notch 124. Specifically, the docking joint 412 includes a docking member 4121 and a docking sleeve 4122 sleeved on the docking member 4121, the rear end of the outer tube 43 is fixedly inserted into the front end of the docking member 4121, the front end of the plug joint 413 is inserted into the rear end of the docking member 4121, and the clamping member 418 is arranged on the docking sleeve 4122.

[0049] The surgical instrument 100 also includes a control component 3 for realizing the operation of the motor 2 by transmitting a control signal. The control component 3 is started to make the motor 2 run and drive the inner tube 42 of the tool 4 to work to perform a cutting action. The control component 3 receives the control signal and realizes the operation of the motor 2 based on the control signal. Therefore, a control panel (not shown) for sending control signals may also be provided in the docking housing 12, and the control component 3 is electrically connected to the control panel. In other embodiments, the control component 3 can realize the operation of other components while controlling the operation of the motor 2. The other components are determined according to actual conditions and are not specifically limited here. In this embodiment, the control component 3 is a switch electrically connected to the motor 2. The switch 3 may be a push-button switch or a key switch; indeed, in other embodiments, the switch 3 may also be a switch encapsulated by a long-legged plug-in, etc. In addition, in other embodiments, the control component 3 may also be provided on the grip housing 11, or the control component 3 may be a separate controller.

[0050] As mentioned above, the water valve can be a mechanical valve or an electronic valve. When it is a mechanical valve, it is manually closed. When it is an electronic valve, it can be electrically connected to the control component 3, so that the control component 3 controls the opening and closing of the electronic valve, which is convenient and quick. In order to allow the liquid to be smoothly sucked out of the water outlet cavity 112, one end of the water outlet cavity 112 is connected to a negative pressure suction device (not shown) for generating negative pressure. The negative pressure suction device is a conventional structure, such as a pressure regulator, a suction pump, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

[0051] In this embodiment, the control component 3 is mounted on the docking housing 12, a first electrical connection portion 31 electrically connected to the motor 2 is formed on the gripping housing 11, and a second electrical connection portion 32 electrically connected to the control component 3 is formed on the docking housing 12. After the gripping housing 11 and the docking housing 12 are docked, the first electrical connection portion 31 and the second electrical connection portion 32 are electrically connected. Figure 2 The first electrical matching portion 31 is disposed on the first matching surface 110 , and the second electrical matching portion 32 is disposed on the second matching surface 120 .

[0052] Please combine Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The structure of the surgical instrument 200 in the second embodiment is roughly similar to that of the surgical instrument 100 in the first embodiment. However, in general, the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12 are both made of metal. In order to reduce the risk of electric shock to the operator, in the present embodiment, no water outlet cavity is provided in the holding shell 11, and the liquid in the liquid reflux cavity 123 is directly sucked out through the water outlet 116 on the docking shell 11, and an insulating member (not shown) is provided on the inner wall of the liquid reflux cavity 123.

[0053] In detail: when the cutter 4 is charged (the patient is charged), the cleaning liquid will be conductive. In order to prevent the operator from getting an electric shock when using the surgical instrument 200, an insulating member is provided on the inner wall of the liquid reflux chamber 123, and a water outlet 116 is provided on the docking shell 12 to communicate with the liquid reflux chamber 123. The liquid in the liquid reflux chamber 123 is sucked out of the docking shell 12 through the water outlet 116. The purpose of this arrangement is that the insulating member is used to insulate the liquid reflux chamber 123 from the docking shell 12, and the liquid inside the human body is directly sucked out of the human body through the docking shell 12 without passing through the gripping shell 11, so as to reduce or even avoid the risk of electric shock to the operator. Of course, in other embodiments, the insulating member may not be provided, the docking shell 12 is directly made of insulating material, and the gripping shell 11 is also configured to be made of metal material. Since the liquid is directly sucked out of the human body through the docking shell 12, the same purpose can be achieved.

[0054] In this embodiment, in the height direction of the surgical instrument 200, the water outlet 116 is opened below the liquid reflux chamber 123, so that the liquid can be smoothly sucked to the outside of the docking shell 12. In order to further smoothly suck the liquid to the outside of the docking shell 12, the surgical instrument 200 also includes a suction component (unnumbered) connected to the water outlet 116. As mentioned above, the suction component can also be electrically connected to the control component 3, that is, the control component 3 can control the opening and closing of the suction component. The suction component is used to generate negative pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference between the inside of the human body and the liquid reflux chamber 123. Under the action of the pressure difference, the liquid is sucked into the through hole 46 along the inner tube 42, and is sucked into the liquid reflux chamber 123 through the through hole 46. Then, the suction component sucks the liquid in the liquid reflux chamber 123 to the outside of the docking shell 12 through the water outlet 116.

[0055] In order to prevent the liquid from being contaminated with the outer periphery of the docking shell 12 when being sucked outside the docking shell 12, thereby causing the handle 1 to be conductive as a whole, the suction assembly includes a water outlet pipe 113 connected to the water outlet 116 and a negative pressure aspirator (not shown) connected to the water outlet pipe 113 and used to generate negative pressure. The negative pressure aspirator is a conventional structure, such as a pressure regulator, a suction pump, etc., which is not specifically limited here. Among them, the material of the water outlet pipe 113 is an insulating material, such as insulating plastic, etc., to achieve the purpose of insulation, once again ensuring that the operator avoids the risk of electric shock. The suction assembly also includes a pipeline control valve (not shown) arranged on the water outlet pipe 113. The opening and closing of the pipeline control valve controls the on-off of the water outlet pipe 113, so that the water outlet pipe 113 is opened according to actual needs. Among them, the pipeline control valve can be a mechanical valve or an electronic valve. When it is a mechanical valve, it is manually closed. When it is an electronic valve, it can be electrically connected to the control component 3, so that the control component 3 controls the opening and closing of the electronic valve, which is convenient and quick.

[0056] In this embodiment, a liquid reflux chamber 123 is provided in the docking shell 12, and a water outlet 116 connected to the liquid reflux chamber 123 is directly provided on the docking shell 12, so that the internal liquid of the human body can be directly sucked out of the handle 1 through the water outlet 116 without passing through the holding shell 11, so that the holding shell 11 is electrically isolated from the docking shell 12 and the tool 4, thereby reducing the risk of electric shock for the operator, and the operation is convenient and quick.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that: include: A handle assembly, comprising a gripping housing capable of realizing a gripping function and a motor disposed in the gripping housing; A working head assembly comprises a docking shell detachably connected to the holding shell and a tool mounted on the docking shell, wherein the tool comprises an interface assembly mounted on the docking shell, an outer tube and an inner tube mounted on the interface assembly, wherein the inner tube is located inside the outer tube, and the inner tube is parallel to and coaxially arranged with the outer tube; a liquid reflux chamber is formed inside the docking shell, and a through hole for connecting the inner tube and the liquid reflux chamber is provided on the interface assembly; liquid inside the human body is sucked into the through hole along the inner tube, and is sucked into the liquid reflux chamber through the through hole; There are at least two working head assemblies, one of which is selectively mounted on the handle assembly, and the cutters of at least two of the working head assemblies are of different models and / or sizes; The holding shell and the docking shell are formed with a first docking surface and a second docking surface that match each other, and the planes where the first docking surface and the second docking surface are located are not perpendicular to the central axis of the surgical instrument; An anti-fool structure and a buckle structure are provided between the holding shell and the docking shell, and the anti-fool structure and the buckle structure are relatively provided on both sides of the central axis along the central axis of the holding shell; The foolproof structure includes a foolproof groove formed on the holding shell and a foolproof block formed on the docking shell; the foolproof block includes a first foolproof block and a second foolproof block that are mirror-set, and a third foolproof block located between the first foolproof block and the second foolproof block; the first foolproof block and the second foolproof block are flat blocks, and the planes where the two are located form an acute angle; the foolproof groove includes a first foolproof groove and a second foolproof groove that are corresponding to the first foolproof block and the second foolproof block, and a third foolproof groove that is corresponding to the third foolproof block; the ends of the first foolproof block and the second foolproof block are arc-shaped surfaces; the third foolproof block is a columnar structure, and its end has a guide portion; A plug interface is formed in the holding shell, the first docking surface is located in the plug interface, and a plug-in ring portion inserted into the plug interface is formed on the second docking surface extending backward. The plug-in ring portion and the side surface of the plug-in interface are circumferentially abutted against each other, and the first anti-foolproof block and the second anti-foolproof block are formed by protruding backward from the plug-in ring portion, and the third anti-foolproof block and the hook are formed backward from the second docking surface, and the third anti-foolproof block and the hook are located on the inner side of the plug-in ring portion.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The holding shell has a housing for mounting a motor and a water outlet cavity formed on one side of the housing cavity. After the holding shell and the docking shell are docked, the liquid reflux cavity docks with the water outlet cavity.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: A switch for switching the liquid reflux chamber and the water outlet channel is provided between the liquid reflux chamber and the water outlet channel or on the liquid reflux chamber or the water outlet channel.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interface assembly includes a docking joint installed on the docking shell and a plug joint installed on the rear side of the docking joint, one end of the outer tube is inserted into and fixed on the docking joint, one end of the inner tube is inserted into and fixed on the plug joint, the plug joint is located in the liquid reflux chamber, the through hole is opened on the plug joint, and one end of the inner tube extends into the through hole.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The docking joint is detachably connected to the docking shell, and the plug joint is detachably connected to the docking joint.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motor has an output shaft, on which a chuck is mounted. After the holding shell and the docking shell are docked, the chuck clamps the plug connector so that the motor drives the inner tube to move.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The surgical instrument also includes a control component that enables the operation of the motor by transmitting a control signal.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control component is mounted on the docking shell, a first electrical connection portion electrically connected to the motor is formed on the holding shell, and a second electrical connection portion electrically connected to the control component is formed on the docking shell. After the holding shell and the docking shell are docked, the first electrical connection portion and the second electrical connection portion are electrically connected.

9. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: An anti-fool structure and a buckle structure are arranged between the holding shell and the docking shell. The anti-fool structure and the buckle structure are arranged relatively on both sides of the central axis along the central axis of the holding shell.

10. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The docking shell is also provided with a water outlet which is in communication with the liquid reflux chamber, and the liquid in the liquid reflux chamber is sucked out of the docking shell through the water outlet.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, wherein: The surgical instrument also includes a suction component connected to the water outlet, and the suction component is used to generate negative pressure to suck the internal liquid of the human body to the outside of the handle.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, wherein: An insulating member is arranged on the inner wall of the liquid reflux chamber.

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