A concentrator and intelligent beneficiation method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gravity ore dressing equipment, in particular to an ore dressing machine and an intelligent ore dressing method. The ore dressing machine is characterized in that the ore dressing machine comprises an ore dressing tank provided with a feeding port, a driving mechanism arranged at the top of the ore dressing tank, a transmission shaft arranged at the center of the ore dressing tank and driven by the driving mechanism, a high-density mineral separation mechanism arranged at the bottom of the transmission shaft, and a medium-low-density mineral separation mechanism arranged above the high-density mineral separation mechanism; the high-density mineral separation mechanism comprises a first impeller arranged at the bottom of the transmission shaft; the medium-low-density mineral separation mechanism comprises a damping assembly arranged at the upper portion of the first impeller and used for reducing the movement intensity of the ore pulp, and at least one overflow port arranged at the upper portion of the ore dressing tank. The application has the advantages of simple structure, high ore dressing efficiency, good operation stability and the like, the ore dressing machine uses water as the ore dressing medium, the ore dressing can be realized without adding chemical reagents, and the green environmental protection requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gravity mineral processing equipment technology, and in particular to a mineral processing machine and an intelligent mineral processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Gravity separation, or gravity concentration for short, is a mineral processing method that separates minerals from gangue by utilizing the density differences between them. In a fluid medium (usually water, heavy liquid, or heavy suspension), minerals are loosened by buoyancy, dynamic forces, or other mechanical forces. Under the combined action of gravity (or centrifugal force) and viscous resistance, mineral particles of different densities (particle sizes) are separated and transferred into layers, thus achieving the separation of valuable minerals from gangue. This method has been widely used; however, with the increasing development of mineral resources, these resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and existing gravity separation equipment suffers from low concentration accuracy, seriously hindering the further development and utilization of mineral resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The features and advantages of the present invention are set forth in part in the description which follows, or may be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention.

[0004] To overcome the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a mineral processing machine with higher beneficiation accuracy, which can be applied to mineral beneficiation processes with small density differences. It has the advantages of simple structure, high beneficiation efficiency, and good operational stability. It can achieve mineral beneficiation without the addition of chemical reagents, thus meeting modern green and environmental protection requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A mineral processing machine includes a mineral processing tank with a feed inlet, a drive mechanism located at the top of the mineral processing tank, a transmission shaft driven by the drive mechanism and located at the center of the mineral processing tank, a high-density mineral separation mechanism located at the bottom of the transmission shaft, and a medium- and low-density mineral separation mechanism located above the high-density mineral separation mechanism.

[0007] The high-density mineral sorting mechanism includes a first impeller located at the bottom of the drive shaft;

[0008] The medium- and low-density mineral sorting mechanism includes a damping component located on the upper part of the first impeller and used to reduce the intensity of slurry movement, at least one overflow port located on the upper part of the ore dressing tank, and a middlings box located on the outer wall of the middle part of the ore dressing tank and communicating with the ore dressing tank; the damping component includes a buffer located on the upper part of the first impeller.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer member is provided with a plurality of first through holes.

[0010] Preferably, the damping assembly further includes an isolation tube disposed above the buffer and sleeved outside the drive shaft; the isolation tube is connected to the ore dressing tank via an adjusting member.

[0011] Preferably, a first guide is provided below the buffer; the inner diameter of the first guide gradually increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the first guide member is provided with a second through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the high-density mineral sorting mechanism further includes a second flow guide located at the bottom of the drive shaft and in an annular shape; the inner diameter of the second flow guide remains unchanged in the vertical direction, or the inner diameter of the second flow guide gradually increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0014] Preferably, the first impeller includes a hub that is coaxially driven with the drive shaft, and at least two blades disposed along the outer wall of the hub; the installation angle between the blades and the cross-section of the hub is 30° to 120°.

[0015] Preferably, the vertical cross-section of the blade is polygonal; one side of the polygon is in contact with the outer wall of the hub, and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

[0016] Preferably, the vertical cross-section of the blade is composed of at least two different types of polygonal pieces; one side of one of the polygonal pieces is attached to the outer wall of the hub, and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

[0017] Preferably, the vertical cross-section of the blade is composed of at least two polygonal pieces with different areas; one side of one of the polygonal pieces is attached to the outer wall of the hub, and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

[0018] Preferably, the blade is spiral-shaped along the outer wall of the hub, and the width of the blade remains consistent from top to bottom, or the width of the blade gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0019] Preferably, the ore discharge mechanism is further provided at the bottom of the ore dressing tank; the ore discharge mechanism includes a truncated cone fixed to the ore dressing tank, a flange provided at the bottom end of the truncated cone, a central cone provided on the flange and having a fixing hole in the middle, a centering device passing through the fixing hole and connected to the central cone, a connecting part provided below the flange and communicating with the bottom of the ore dressing tank, and a discharge assembly provided at the bottom end of the connecting part; the connecting part and the bottom of the truncated cone are each provided with at least one viewing window; the discharge assembly includes a housing communicating with the connecting part, a second impeller provided on the housing, a discharge motor driving the second impeller to rotate and provided on the housing, and a discharge port provided at the bottom of the housing.

[0020] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes a frame disposed on the top of the ore dressing tank, a drive motor disposed on the frame, a drive wheel disposed on the output shaft of the drive motor, a driven wheel driven by a belt, and a transmission assembly disposed on the frame and sleeved on the transmission shaft; the top of the transmission shaft passes through the center of the driven wheel to achieve connection.

[0021] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a bearing housing located in the middle of the frame, and at least one bearing located within the bearing housing.

[0022] A smart mineral processing method applied to a mineral processing machine, wherein the method controls the mineral processing machine as described above to perform smart mineral processing through an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system includes a central computer, at least one detection computer electrically connected to the central computer, at least one first sensor located at the lower part of the conical truss and connected to the detection computer, a motor controller connected to the discharge motor, a frequency converter connected to the drive mechanism, and a 485 communication circuit located on the central computer and / or the detection computer. Both the central computer and the detection computer have built-in watchdog software. The detection computer includes a data acquisition unit connected to the first sensor and a data processing unit connected to the data acquisition unit. The central computer is electrically connected to both the motor controller and the frequency converter. The method includes the following steps:

[0023] The detection computer uploads a comparison result to the central computer every time interval T. The comparison result is obtained by the data processing unit on the detection computer. The data processing unit receives sensor data acquired by the data acquisition unit. The data acquisition unit acquires sensor data from the first sensor every time interval T1. The data processing unit compares the sensor data with preset data set in the data processing unit and obtains a comparison result. The preset data includes a first parameter for comparing with the RGB values ​​acquired by the first sensor and used to determine the enrichment of the high-density mineral in the ore discharge mechanism, a deviation threshold for measuring the maximum range that the RGB values ​​acquired by the first sensor can deviate from the first parameter, a deviation level for measuring the degree to which the RGB values ​​deviate from the first parameter, and a second parameter for comparing with the slurry movement intensity value acquired by the first sensor and used to determine the slurry movement intensity. The comparison result includes whether the RGB value exceeds the deviation threshold, the deviation level of the RGB value, and the second parameter for comparing with the slurry movement intensity obtained by the first sensor.

[0024] The detection computer determines whether the RGB value acquired by the first sensor is within the threshold range;

[0025] If the comparison result is yes, the central computer controls the start of the discharge motor;

[0026] If the comparison result is negative, the central computer will control the stopping of the discharge motor.

[0027] The detection computer compares the real-time RGB values ​​collected by the data acquisition unit with the preset data and determines which deviation level the real-time RGB values ​​belong to. The central computer adjusts the rotation speed of the discharge motor according to the preset motor speed corresponding to the deviation level. The deviation level is used to measure the degree of deviation between the RGB values ​​and the first parameter.

[0028] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps:

[0029] The data processing unit of the detection computer determines whether the difference between the slurry motion intensity obtained by the first sensor and the second parameter is zero;

[0030] If the difference is zero, the central computer controls the inverter to maintain a constant output frequency.

[0031] If the difference is greater than zero, the central computer controls the inverter to reduce its output frequency.

[0032] If the difference is less than zero, the central computer controls the increase of the inverter's output frequency.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0034] The mineral processing machine and intelligent mineral processing method using the above-described structure not only have advantages such as simple structure, high processing efficiency, and good operational stability, but also use water as the processing medium, eliminating the need for additional chemical reagents and meeting modern green and environmentally friendly requirements. The mineral processing machine uses a buffer to reduce the rotation speed of the slurry in the upper layer of the processing tank, bringing it to a relatively stationary state. The resulting upward flow of the slurry allows low-density minerals to float quickly, preventing high-density minerals from being carried to the surface by the slurry's rotation and flowing out through the overflow port, thus greatly improving the processing accuracy. The above-described mineral processing machine fully utilizes the differences in motion of mineral particles of different densities and sizes in unsteady water flow to achieve the purpose of separation based on mineral density differences. High-density mineral particles are located at the bottom of the processing tank and are discharged to downstream equipment or processes via a discharge mechanism. A buffer reduces the slurry flow velocity within the processing tank to a relatively static state, effectively preventing the remixing of minerals of different densities after stratification. This allows low-density minerals to quickly float to the surface and flow out from the overflow port located at the top of the processing tank, thus achieving the purpose of mineral processing. Using the mineral processing machine of this invention, when used to separate target minerals... When the content of the target mineral is less than 5%, the amount of high-density minerals carried away by the overflow slurry is less than 1% of the total mineral content, which greatly improves the beneficiation accuracy of the gravity separator and broadens its application range. Simultaneously, due to the small moment of inertia of the first impeller and its rotation within the slurry vortex, the energy of the rotating vortex core is low. Higher energy minerals move towards lower energy minerals, and vice versa, increasing the reverse motion assist. This reverse assist helps eliminate vibration, facilitating dynamic balance and increasing the slurry's movement intensity. This allows the invention to be applied to separating minerals with small density differences, expanding the application range of gravity separation. Using the beneficiator of this invention, when the target mineral content is less than 5%, the amount of low-density minerals flowing out from the overflow port 420 is half the feed amount. Therefore, the beneficiation efficiency is high, and the slurry containing low-density minerals can be directly discharged after the initial beneficiation, reducing the amount of subsequent beneficiation work and consequently reducing the installed capacity of subsequent equipment. The mineral processing machine of this invention eliminates the need for graded feeding. Individually liberated mineral particles smaller than 370 micrometers can be mixed and fed into the process without grading, greatly simplifying the gravity separation process. Using this machine also facilitates grinding and liberation management. Upstream slurry often contains a large number of low-density particles larger than the required liberation degree. Traditional mineral processing machines require grinding this portion of the slurry to the required size before processing. However, the machine of this invention utilizes the density differences between conjoined and inclusion minerals. As a section of overflow slurry is selected during the processing, it is returned to the grinding process for re-grinding and liberation, reducing grinding volume and simplifying liberation management.Adding the concentrator of this invention to the initial stage of the traditional flotation process can eliminate tailings in advance, reducing the consumption of concentrator reagents and the total volume of concentrators in subsequent flotation. By combining multiple units, the efficiency and separation accuracy of concentrators can be greatly improved. Secondly, since gravity separation is based on the density difference of minerals, it can effectively avoid the problem of poorly hydrophobic minerals being difficult to recover during flotation. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The advantages and implementation methods of the present invention will become more apparent from this description. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mineral processing machine according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a mineral processing machine according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ore discharge mechanism in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a first impeller in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first impeller in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a first impeller in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a first impeller in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0044] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are merely simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing this invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a mineral processing machine, including a mineral processing tank 100 with a feed inlet 110, a drive mechanism 200 disposed at the top of the mineral processing tank 100, a transmission shaft 210 driven by the drive mechanism 200 and disposed at the center of the mineral processing tank 100, a high-density mineral separation mechanism 300 disposed at the bottom of the transmission shaft 210, and a medium- and low-density mineral separation mechanism 400 disposed above the high-density mineral separation mechanism 300;

[0047] The high-density mineral sorting mechanism 300 includes a first impeller 310 located at the bottom of the drive shaft 210;

[0048] The medium- and low-density mineral sorting mechanism 400 includes a damping component 410 disposed on the upper part of the first impeller 310 for reducing the intensity of slurry movement, at least one overflow port 420 disposed on the upper part of the ore dressing tank 100, and a middlings box 430 disposed on the outer wall of the middle part of the ore dressing tank 100 and communicating with the ore dressing tank 100. The damping component 410 includes a buffer member 411 disposed on the upper part of the first impeller 310. The overflow port 420 is a rectangular opening arranged horizontally along its length. The diameter of the buffer member 411 is larger than the diameter of the first impeller 310. The distance from the bottom edge of the buffer member 411 to the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100 is smaller than the distance from the top edge of the first impeller 310 to the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100. Of course, the buffer member 411 can also be disposed above the first impeller 310, which is not specifically limited here. The feed inlet 110 includes a feed box located on the outer wall of the ore dressing tank 100 with an opening at the top, and a third through hole located on the outer wall of the ore dressing tank 100 and at the bottom of the feed box. The feed box communicates with the ore dressing tank 100 through the third through hole. The height of the third through hole is less than or equal to the height of the first impeller 310 from the bottom inner wall of the ore dressing tank 100. In this embodiment, the buffer member 411 is annular. The middlings box 430 includes a box body, a handwheel, and a gate. The middlings box 430 is uncovered and is installed on the upper middle section of one side of the outer wall of the ore dressing tank 100. The lower part of the middlings box 430 is connected to the ore dressing tank 100 through a through-hole. The height from the center of the through-hole to the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100 is less than or equal to the height from the impeller to the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100. By rotating the handwheel on the middlings box 430, the gate can be moved up and down, thereby adjusting the flow rate of middlings slurry and distributing the overflow slurry flow rate to ensure that low-density slurry can flow out from the overflow port 420.

[0049] Furthermore, the buffer 411 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 412 to facilitate the flow of slurry inside and outside the buffer 411, thereby causing the slurry whose speed has been reduced and located inside the buffer 411 to overflow outward, thereby quickly reducing the movement intensity of the upper slurry.

[0050] Furthermore, the damping assembly 410 also includes an isolation pipe 413 disposed above the buffer member 411 and sleeved outside the drive shaft 210; the isolation pipe 413 is connected to the ore dressing tank 100 via an adjusting member 414. The inner diameter of the isolation pipe 413 is 0.2 to 3 times the diameter of the first impeller 310, more preferably 1.0 to 1.6 times the diameter of the first impeller 310. The isolation pipe 413 further eliminates the situation where the rotation of the drive shaft 210 causes the upper slurry to rotate, allowing medium and low density minerals to flow out quickly from the overflow port 420. The adjusting member 414 includes a positioning hole on the drive mechanism 200, and a bolt with one end fixed to the isolation pipe 413 and the other end passing through the positioning hole to achieve a detachable connection with the drive mechanism 200. Since the drive mechanism 200 is located on the top of the ore dressing tank 100, the adjusting member 414 is connected to the ore dressing tank 100.

[0051] Furthermore, a first guide member 415 is provided below the buffer member 411. The inner diameter of the first guide member 415 gradually increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction, thereby forming a trumpet shape, so as to guide the energy of the slurry downward, which is beneficial to further isolate the high-density slurry and low-density slurry areas.

[0052] Furthermore, the bottom end of the first guide member 415 is provided with a second through hole to prevent the slurry from being agitated at the edge of the first guide member 415, so that the energy of the slurry can be quickly conducted downward.

[0053] Furthermore, the high-density mineral sorting mechanism 300 also includes a second flow guide 320, which is annular and located at the bottom of the drive shaft 210. The inner diameter of the second flow guide 320 can be greater than, equal to, or less than the diameter of the first impeller 310, i.e., as long as it allows the high-density minerals to flow quickly towards the bottom of the concentrator 100 along the second flow guide 320, preventing the high-density minerals from floating upwards under the drive of the first impeller 310 and improving the concentrator accuracy. Preferably, the inner diameter of the second flow guide 320 remains unchanged in the vertical direction, or the inner diameter of the second flow guide 320 gradually increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The second flow guide 320 is detachably mounted on the inner bottom wall of the concentrator 100 via a connector 321. The connector 321 includes a fixed base at the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100, a screw with one end fixed to the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100 and the other end passing through the fixed base, and a nut with internal threads at the end of the screw; the screw has external threads that are compatible with the internal threads of the nut.

[0054] Furthermore, the first impeller 310 includes a hub 311 that is coaxially driven with the drive shaft 210, and at least two blades 312 disposed along the outer wall of the hub 311; the blades 312 are radially connected to the outer wall of the hub 311; the working rotation center line is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and coincides with the center line of the ore dressing tank 100; the installation angle between the blades 312 and the cross section of the hub 311 is 30°~120°.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the vertical cross-section of the blade 312 is polygonal. The cross-section of the blade 312 can be triangular, parallelogram, rectangle, trapezoid, or arc, without specific limitation. One side of the polygon is in contact with the outer wall of the hub 311 and is vertical. The width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. The design rotational speed of the first impeller 310 is such that the relative centrifugal force generated at the radial end of the blade 312 is ≥5G.

[0056] It also includes a discharge mechanism located at the bottom of the ore dressing tank; the discharge mechanism includes a truncated cone fixed to the ore dressing tank, a flange located at the bottom of the truncated cone, a central cone located on the flange and having a fixing hole in the middle, a centering device passing through the fixing hole and connected to the central cone, a connecting part located below the flange and communicating with the bottom of the ore dressing tank, and a discharge assembly located at the bottom of the connecting part; the connecting part and the bottom of the truncated cone are each provided with at least one viewing window; the discharge assembly includes a housing communicating with the connecting part, a second impeller located on the housing, a discharge motor driving the second impeller to rotate and located on the housing, and a discharge port located at the bottom of the housing.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, it also includes a discharge mechanism 500 located at the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100; the discharge mechanism 500 includes a truncated cone 510 fixed to the ore dressing tank 100, a flange 520 located at the bottom of the truncated cone 510, a central cone 530 located on the flange 520 and having a fixing hole in the middle, a center adjuster 540 passing through the fixing hole and connected to the central cone 530, a connecting part 550 located below the flange 520 and communicating with the bottom of the ore dressing tank 100, and a discharge assembly 560 located at the bottom of the connecting part 550; the bottom of the connecting part 550 and the truncated cone 510 are each provided with at least one viewing window 551; the discharge assembly 560 includes a housing 561 communicating with the connecting part 550, a second impeller 562 located on the housing 561, a discharge motor that drives the second impeller 562 to rotate and is located on the housing 561, and a discharge port 563 located at the bottom of the housing 561. The high-density minerals can be rapidly discharged through the central cone 530 and the center adjuster 540 via the ore discharge mechanism 500, preventing them from being carried to the surface by the agitation of the first impeller 310. A viewing window 551 is provided on the connecting part 550; at least one viewing window 551 is provided on the bottom position of the truncated cone 510 near the flange 520.

[0058] Furthermore, the drive mechanism 200 includes a frame 220 disposed on the top of the ore dressing tank 100, a drive motor 230 disposed on the frame 220, a drive wheel 240 disposed on the output shaft of the drive motor 230, a driven wheel 250 driven by a belt, and a transmission assembly 260 disposed on the frame 220 and sleeved on the transmission shaft 210; the top of the transmission shaft 210 passes through the center of the driven wheel 250 for connection.

[0059] Furthermore, the transmission assembly 260 includes a bearing body 261 disposed in the middle of the frame 220, and at least one bearing 262 disposed within the bearing body 261.

[0060] The above-described mineral processing machine has advantages such as simple structure, high processing efficiency, and good operational stability. Using water as the processing medium, it can achieve mineral processing without the addition of chemical reagents, meeting modern green and environmentally friendly requirements. The buffer 411 reduces the rotation speed of the slurry in the upper layer of the processing tank 100, bringing it to a relatively stationary state. The upward flow generated by the slurry allows low-density slurry to float quickly, preventing high-density minerals from being carried to the surface by the slurry's rotation. This ensures that the slurry flows out from the overflow port 420, greatly improving the processing accuracy. The above-described mineral processing machine fully utilizes the differences in motion of mineral particles of different densities and sizes in unsteady flow in water to achieve the purpose of separation based on mineral density differences. High-density mineral particles are located at the bottom of the processing tank 100 and are discharged to downstream equipment or processes via the discharge mechanism 500. The buffer 411 reduces the slurry flow velocity within the processing tank 100, thereby causing low-density minerals to float rapidly and flow out from the overflow port 420 located at the top of the processing tank 100, thus achieving the purpose of mineral processing. When using the mineral processing machine of this invention to separate the content of target minerals... When the mineral content is less than 5%, the amount of high-density minerals carried away by the overflow slurry is less than 1% of the total high-density minerals, greatly improving the beneficiation accuracy of the gravity separator. Simultaneously, due to the small moment of inertia of the first impeller 310, and the impeller rotating within the slurry vortex, the energy of the rotating slurry vortex core is low. Higher energy flows towards lower energy, and vice versa, the reverse motion increases the assist, which helps eliminate vibration and facilitates dynamic balance. This improves the slurry's movement intensity, allowing the invention to be applied to separating minerals with small density differences, thus expanding the application range of gravity separation. Using the beneficiator of this invention, when the target mineral content is less than 5%, the amount of low-density minerals flowing out from the overflow port 420 is half the feed amount. Therefore, the beneficiation efficiency is high, and the low-density mineral slurry can be directly discharged after the initial beneficiation, reducing the amount of subsequent beneficiation work and consequently reducing the installed capacity of subsequent equipment. The mineral processing machine of this invention eliminates the need for graded feeding. Individually liberated mineral particles smaller than 370 micrometers can be mixed and fed into the process without grading, greatly simplifying the gravity separation process. Using this machine also facilitates grinding and liberation management. Upstream slurry often contains a large number of low-density particles larger than the required liberation degree. Traditional mineral processing machines require grinding this portion of the slurry to the required size before processing. However, the machine of this invention utilizes the density differences between conjoined and inclusion minerals. As a section of overflow slurry is selected during the processing, it is returned to the grinding process for re-grinding and liberation, reducing grinding volume and simplifying liberation management.Adding the concentrator of this invention to the initial stage of the traditional flotation process can eliminate tailings in advance, reducing the consumption of concentrator reagents and the total volume of concentrators in subsequent flotation. By combining multiple units, the efficiency and separation accuracy of concentrators can be greatly improved. Secondly, since gravity separation is based on the density difference of minerals, it can effectively avoid the problem of poorly hydrophobic minerals being difficult to recover during flotation. Specific Implementation Example 2

[0062] This embodiment also provides a mineral processing machine, which has a basically the same structure as Embodiment 1, except that:

[0063] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the vertical cross-section of the blade 312 is composed of at least two different types of polygonal pieces; one side of one of the polygonal pieces is attached to the outer wall of the hub 311, and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade 312 is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. The cross-section of the blade 312 can be composed of right-angled trapezoids and rectangles, or triangles and right-angled trapezoids, or triangles and rectangles, without specific limitations. The buffer 411 is composed of a ring structure formed by connecting at least one buffer plate end to end. Specific Implementation Example 3

[0065] This embodiment also provides a mineral processing machine, which has a basically the same structure as Embodiment 1, except that:

[0066] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the vertical cross-section of the blade 312 is composed of at least two polygonal pieces with different areas. One side of one of the polygonal pieces is attached to the outer wall of the hub 311, and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. The cross-section of the blade 312 can be composed of two or more squares with different areas, two or more rectangles with different areas, or two or more right trapezoids with different areas; no specific limitation is made here.

[0067] Furthermore, the adjusting member 414 includes at least one adjusting hole provided on the isolation tube 413, a screw adapted to the adjusting hole and one end fixed to the inner wall of the isolation tube 413, and an adjusting nut adapted to the screw and provided with internal threads; the other end of the screw passes through the adjusting hole; the end of the screw near the adjusting hole is provided with an external thread adapted to the internal thread of the adjusting nut. Specific Implementation Example 4

[0069] This embodiment also provides a mineral processing machine, which has a basically the same structure as Embodiment 1, except that:

[0070] The blades 312 are spiral-shaped along the outer wall of the hub 311, and the width of the blades is consistent from top to bottom, or the width of the blades gradually increases from top to bottom. The spiral blades 312 can also drive the rotation of the slurry, thereby enabling high-density minerals to be rapidly enriched at the bottom of the beneficiation tank 100.

[0071] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the top of the blade 312 is provided with a top plate 313 to prevent high-density minerals from floating, to conduct the energy of the slurry outside the impeller downwards, and to guide the high-density minerals to the bottom of the beneficiation tank 100.

[0072] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the first guide member 415 gradually increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and the bottom end of the first guide member 415 is provided with a second through hole to guide the energy of the slurry downward, which is beneficial to further isolate the high-density and low-density slurry areas and quickly reduce the speed at which the first impeller 310 rotates and drives the slurry to rotate. Specific Implementation Example 5

[0074] The sensor is located on the viewing window.

[0075] This embodiment provides an intelligent mineral processing method applied to a mineral processing machine. The method uses an intelligent control system to control the aforementioned mineral processing machine for intelligent mineral processing. The intelligent control system includes a central computer, at least one detection computer electrically connected to the central computer, at least one first sensor located at the lower part of the truncated cone 510 and connected to the detection computer, a motor controller connected to the discharge motor, a frequency converter connected to the drive mechanism 200, and a 485 communication circuit located on the central computer and / or the detection computer. Both the central computer and the detection computer have built-in watchdog software. The first sensor is located on the truncated cone 510. On the bottom visible window 551, the slurry movement intensity value and the RGB value of the slurry passing through that location are detected. The preferred model of this first sensor is TCS3200. The first sensor is electrically connected to the detection computer, the preferred model of which is STC15W4K32S4. The central computer is electrically connected to both the motor controller and the frequency converter. The detection computer includes a data acquisition unit connected to the first sensor and a data processing unit connected to the data acquisition unit. A watchdog timer prevents program crashes. The preferred model of the detection computer is STC15W4K32S4. The method includes the following steps:

[0076] The detection computer uploads a comparison result to the central computer every time interval T. The comparison result is obtained by the data processing unit on the detection computer. The data processing unit receives sensor data acquired by the data acquisition unit. The data acquisition unit acquires sensor data from the first sensor every time interval T1. The data processing unit compares the sensor data with preset data set in the data processing unit and obtains a comparison result. The preset data includes a first parameter for comparing with the RGB values ​​acquired by the first sensor and used to determine the enrichment of the high-density mineral in the ore discharge mechanism, a deviation threshold for measuring the maximum range that the RGB values ​​acquired by the first sensor can deviate from the first parameter, a deviation level for measuring the degree to which the RGB values ​​deviate from the first parameter, and a second parameter for comparing with the slurry movement intensity value acquired by the first sensor and used to determine the slurry movement intensity. The comparison result includes whether the RGB value exceeds the deviation threshold, the deviation level of the RGB value, and the second parameter for comparing with the slurry movement intensity obtained by the first sensor.

[0077] The detection computer determines whether the RGB value acquired by the first sensor is within the threshold range;

[0078] If the comparison result is yes, the central computer controls the start of the discharge motor;

[0079] If the comparison result is negative, the central computer will control the stopping of the discharge motor.

[0080] The detection computer compares the real-time RGB values ​​collected by the data acquisition unit with the preset data and determines which deviation level the real-time RGB values ​​belong to. The central computer adjusts the rotation speed of the discharge motor according to the preset motor speed corresponding to the deviation level. The deviation level is used to measure the degree of deviation between the RGB values ​​and the first parameter.

[0081] Furthermore, the method further includes the following steps:

[0082] The data processing unit of the detection computer determines whether the difference between the slurry motion intensity obtained by the first sensor and the second parameter is zero;

[0083] If the difference is zero, the central computer controls the inverter to maintain a constant output frequency.

[0084] If the difference is greater than zero, the central computer controls the inverter to reduce its output frequency.

[0085] If the difference is less than zero, the central computer controls the increase of the inverter's output frequency.

[0086] The above-mentioned intelligent mineral processing method enables intelligent control of the mineral processing machine. The first sensor intelligently identifies the color information of the target mineral and obtains the movement intensity of the slurry. The detection computer analyzes and judges the obtained sensor data, and then the central computer issues instructions to the frequency converter or discharge motor to perform PID speed regulation control and control the operation of the discharge mechanism 500. The intelligent control of the discharge grade separates high-quality, high-density minerals, making the operation of the mineral processing machine smoother, simpler, and more efficient. Specific Implementation Example 6

[0088] At a copper ore processing plant in Dongchuan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, the plant processes 400 tons of copper ore per day. The raw ore has a total copper grade of 0.6%, high clay content, and a copper oxidation rate of about 80%, with a binding rate of about 60%. It also contains a lot of easily floatable gangue. The ordinary ore processing machine currently in use produces poor-quality concentrate, requires a variety of ore processing reagents, consumes a lot of reagents, and has high reagent prices, but the recovery rate is only 50%.

[0089] To verify the application of this invention, a 3-cubic-meter mineral processing machine from one of the above embodiments was connected in series before entering the flotation process. After mineral processing by the mineral processing machine of this invention, the copper grade of the tailings discharged from the overflow port 420 was 0.005%, and the overflow slurry volume was 50% of the feed slurry volume. The middlings from this mineral processing machine entered the original flotation process for further flotation. Due to the 50% reduction in slurry volume, the flotation time doubled, the reagent effect on refractory oxidized ores was enhanced, the mud mass was significantly reduced, and the consumption of mineral processing reagents by the mud mass was significantly reduced, with the reagent usage reduced by about 30%. If the flotation recovery rate is examined separately, it is 2% higher than the existing scheme. The total tailings recovery rate composed of pre-selected tailings and flotation tailings is 74%, which is 24% higher than the existing scheme.

[0090] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various modifications without departing from its scope and spirit. For example, a feature shown or described in one embodiment can be used in another embodiment to obtain yet another embodiment. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mineral processing machine, characterized in that, It includes a mineral processing tank with a feed inlet, a drive mechanism located at the top of the mineral processing tank, a transmission shaft driven by the drive mechanism and located at the center of the mineral processing tank, a high-density mineral separation mechanism located at the bottom of the transmission shaft, and a medium- and low-density mineral separation mechanism located above the high-density mineral separation mechanism. The high-density mineral sorting mechanism includes a first impeller located at the bottom of the drive shaft; The medium- and low-density mineral sorting mechanism includes a damping component located on the upper part of the first impeller for reducing the intensity of slurry movement, at least one overflow port located on the upper part of the ore dressing tank, and a middlings box located on the outer wall of the middle part of the ore dressing tank and communicating with the ore dressing tank; the damping component includes a buffer member located on the upper part of the first impeller; the buffer member has a plurality of first through holes; a first guide member is located below the buffer member; the inner diameter of the first guide member gradually increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction; and a second through hole is located at the bottom end of the first guide member.

2. The mineral processing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping assembly also includes an isolation tube disposed above the buffer and sleeved outside the drive shaft; the isolation tube is connected to the ore dressing tank through an adjusting component.

3. The mineral processing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-density mineral sorting mechanism also includes a second flow guide located at the bottom of the drive shaft and in an annular shape; the inner diameter of the second flow guide does not change in the vertical direction, or the inner diameter of the second flow guide gradually increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

4. A mineral processing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first impeller includes a hub that is coaxially driven with the drive shaft, and at least two blades arranged along the outer wall of the hub; the installation angle between the blades and the cross-section of the hub is 30° to 120°.

5. A mineral processing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical cross-section of the blade is polygonal; one side of the polygon is in contact with the outer wall of the hub and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

6. A mineral processing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical cross section of the blade is composed of at least two different types of polygonal pieces; one side of one of the polygonal pieces is attached to the outer wall of the hub, and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

7. A mineral processing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical cross-section of the blade is composed of at least two polygonal pieces with different areas; one side of one of the polygonal pieces is attached to the outer wall of the hub, and along the vertical direction, the width of the blade is equal from top to bottom or is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

8. A mineral processing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blades are spirally arranged along the outer wall of the hub, and the width of the blades remains consistent from top to bottom, or the width of the blades gradually increases from top to bottom.

9. A mineral processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes a discharge mechanism located at the bottom of the ore dressing tank; the discharge mechanism includes a truncated cone fixed to the ore dressing tank, a flange located at the bottom of the truncated cone, a central cone located on the flange and having a fixing hole in the middle, a centering device passing through the fixing hole and connected to the central cone, a connecting part located below the flange and communicating with the bottom of the ore dressing tank, and a discharge assembly located at the bottom of the connecting part; the connecting part and the bottom of the truncated cone are each provided with at least one viewing window; the discharge assembly includes a housing communicating with the connecting part, a second impeller located on the housing, a discharge motor driving the second impeller to rotate and located on the housing, and a discharge port located at the bottom of the housing.

10. A mineral processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The drive mechanism also includes a frame mounted on the top of the ore dressing tank, a drive motor mounted on the frame, a drive wheel mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, a driven wheel driven by a belt, and a transmission assembly mounted on the frame and sleeved on the transmission shaft; the top of the transmission shaft passes through the center of the driven wheel to achieve connection.

11. A mineral processing machine according to claim 10, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a bearing housing located in the middle of the frame, and at least one bearing located within the bearing housing.

12. An intelligent mineral processing method applied to a mineral processing machine, characterized in that, The method uses an intelligent control system to control the mineral processing machine as described in claim 9 for intelligent mineral processing. The intelligent control system includes a central computer, at least one detection computer electrically connected to the central computer, at least one first sensor located at the lower part of the truncated cone and connected to the detection computer, a motor controller connected to the discharge motor, a frequency converter connected to the drive mechanism, and a 485 communication circuit located on the central computer and / or the detection computer. Both the central computer and the detection computer have built-in watchdog software. The detection computer includes a data acquisition unit connected to the first sensor and a data processing unit connected to the data acquisition unit. The central computer is electrically connected to both the motor controller and the frequency converter. The method includes the following steps: The detection computer uploads a comparison result to the central computer every time interval T. The comparison result is obtained by the data processing unit on the detection computer. The data processing unit receives sensor data acquired by the data acquisition unit. The data acquisition unit acquires sensor data from the first sensor every time interval T1. The data processing unit compares the sensor data with preset data set in the data processing unit and obtains a comparison result. The preset data includes a first parameter for comparing with the RGB values ​​acquired by the first sensor and used to determine the enrichment of the high-density mineral in the ore discharge mechanism, a deviation threshold for measuring the maximum range that the RGB values ​​acquired by the first sensor can deviate from the first parameter, a deviation level for measuring the degree to which the RGB values ​​deviate from the first parameter, and a second parameter for comparing with the slurry movement intensity value acquired by the first sensor and used to determine the slurry movement intensity. The comparison result includes whether the RGB value exceeds the deviation threshold, the deviation level of the RGB value, and the second parameter for comparing with the slurry movement intensity obtained by the first sensor. The detection computer determines whether the RGB value acquired by the first sensor is within the threshold range; If the comparison result is yes, the central computer controls the start of the discharge motor; If the comparison result is negative, the central computer will control the stopping of the discharge motor. The detection computer compares the real-time RGB values ​​collected by the data acquisition unit with the preset data and determines which deviation level the real-time RGB values ​​belong to. The central computer adjusts the rotation speed of the discharge motor according to the preset motor speed corresponding to the deviation level. The deviation level is used to measure the degree of deviation between the RGB values ​​and the first parameter.

13. The intelligent mineral processing method applied to a mineral processing machine according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes the following steps: The data processing unit of the detection computer determines whether the difference between the slurry motion intensity obtained by the first sensor and the second parameter is zero; If the difference is zero, the central computer controls the inverter to maintain its output frequency unchanged. If the difference is greater than zero, the central computer controls the reduction of the inverter's output frequency; If the difference is less than zero, the central computer controls the increase of the inverter's output frequency.

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