A steel stone slab structure, production process and installation method for tunnels and underground engineering

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steel stone slab structure for tunnels and underground projects. The steel stone slab body sequentially comprises a weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer, a heat-insulating and fireproof coating layer, a noise-reducing and strengthening layer, a galvanized steel plate, a strengthened self-adhesive layer, a chemical transition layer, a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, and a hydrophobic and moisture-proof layer from top to bottom. At the same time, the production process and installation method of the steel stone slab are also disclosed. Through the layered structure design, the fire resistance, moisture-proof property, noise reduction and other performances of the steel stone slab are effectively improved. Through the steel stone slab material design, the problems existing in the structure, process and installation of the existing steel stone slab can be solved, and the current demands of people for the use performance of tunnels can be met. Through the installation method and structure design, the use of embedded parts and connectors can be effectively reduced, the waste of steel parts can be reduced, and it is convenient for installation, disassembly and later maintenance, which conforms to the concept of prefabricated buildings and construction, thereby improving the installation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel and underground space engineering, and particularly to a steel stone slab and an installation structure for tunnel and underground space engineering. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing implementation of tunnel projects in China, people's demands for various aspects of the tunnel usage experience are also deepening, such as the demands for low noise, fire prevention, comfortable vision, and aesthetics. The steel stone slab, which is formed by pasting and pressing a cement board and a steel plate and painting the surface of the steel plate, has then been applied. The steel stone slab is not only applied in tunnel projects but also in many underground projects.

[0003] There are many physical and chemical requirements for the steel stone slab. However, in addition to the deficiencies such as insufficient flexural and impact resistance, easy generation of plastic deformation, poor impermeability, and insufficient fire prevention and noise reduction performance, some asbestos fibers are also used as the fiber structure material of the cement board in the existing steel stone slab, which may cause harm to the construction personnel of tunnels and underground projects. Moreover, under the action of external factors such as collisions during transportation and installation, temperature difference changes, hydraulic penetration, and weathering, the fiber cement board of the existing steel stone slab is prone to cracking, abrasion, and damage, and the lost granular slag may become pollutants. Since it is inside the tunnel, it is not easy to clean, and it is easy to float with the wind, causing new pollution.

[0004] Moreover, the existing technical solutions generally make a cement board from portland cement and then make a steel stone slab, lacking the application of solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementitious materials. Sulphoaluminate cement has been rapidly promoted due to its excellent performance, but the application of solid waste-based sulphoaluminate cementitious materials in the field of steel stone slabs and even fiber cement boards is still not sufficient.

[0005] When installing the existing steel stone slab, generally a large number of connectors and embedded parts are needed to install and fix the steel stone slab, resulting in inconvenient installation, low installation efficiency, and inconvenient maintenance and replacement of the steel stone slab.

[0006] Based on this, we propose a steel stone slab and a predetermined structure for tunnel and underground space engineering, hoping to solve the deficiencies in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a steel stone slab structure, production process and installation method for tunnel and underground space engineering. Through material design, the steel stone slab can solve the problems existing in the existing steel stone slab structure, process and installation, meet the current requirements of people for the use performance of tunnels, such as using industrial solid waste to produce solid waste-based fiber-reinforced boards to solve the problem of difficult treatment of waste. Through the design of a layered structure, a noise reduction and strengthening layer is designed to improve the noise reduction effect of the steel stone slab; a chemical transition layer is designed to effectively improve the bonding strength between the galvanized steel plate and the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board. Through the design of the installation method, the steel stone slab can be prefabricated in the factory first and then transported to the site for installation. There is no need to consider the connection of adjacent steel stone slabs in the horizontal direction, which can effectively reduce the use of embedded parts and connectors, reduce the waste of steel parts, and is convenient for installation, disassembly and later maintenance, meeting the concept of prefabricated buildings and construction, thereby improving the installation efficiency.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering, including a steel stone slab body. From top to bottom, the steel stone slab body is successively a weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer, a heat-insulating and fire-proof coating layer, a noise reduction and strengthening layer, a galvanized steel plate, a strengthened self-adhesive layer, a chemical transition layer, a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, and a hydrophobic and moisture-proof layer. Among them, there are several rectangular grid cloth units in the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, and the center of the grid cloth unit is a diamond grid cloth. Centered on the diamond grid cloth, diamond grid cloths or triangular grid cloths are symmetrically distributed at the four corners.

[0010] The galvanized steel plate is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.3 mm and is stamped into the shape required by the present invention.

[0011] On the upper surface of the galvanized steel plate are successively a weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer (0.05 - 0.06 mm) and a heat-insulating and fire-proof coating layer (0.8 - 2 mm).

[0012] Further, the material of the heat-insulating and fire-proof coating layer is prepared from inorganic raw materials, a mixed flame retardant, color fillers, a dispersant, and acrylic emulsion according to 100:40:80:4:50 through the following steps.

[0013] Furthermore, the inorganic raw materials are obtained by mixing powder materials of sodium silicate, gypsum, vermiculite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, and sodium fluorosilicate in a weight ratio of 40:50:25:10:20:2 at 50 °C for 15 minutes. The bulk density requirement of the inorganic raw materials is 0.3 - 0.6 g / cm 3 , and the specific surface area requirement is 400 m 2 / kg;

[0014] Further, the mixed flame retardant is prepared according to the following process: 25 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, 8 parts of dipentaerythritol, and 2 parts of tea saponin are mixed evenly and then 100 parts of an ethanol aqueous solution is added, wherein the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution is 40 wt%. Then, the temperature is raised to 92 °C and stirred under reflux for 3.6 h, dried at 138 °C for 27 min, and obtained after grinding through a 300-mesh sieve.

[0015] Further, the color filler is a combination of 30 parts of titanium dioxide, 35 parts of zinc oxide, and 15 parts of iron red, and 3 parts of basic copper molybdate are added. By adding a small amount of basic copper molybdate to the pigment and filler system, the heat release rate of the coating can be significantly reduced, the char yield can be increased, and the fire prevention and smoke suppression performance can be improved;

[0016] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and fireproof coating comprises the following steps:

[0017] (1) Add acrylic emulsion, dispersant, and inorganic raw materials into a reaction kettle according to the mass ratio, and stir and disperse at high speed for 30 min to obtain a premixed emulsion;

[0018] (2) Obtain the mixed flame retardant and color filler according to the above preparation steps;

[0019] (3) Add the mixed flame retardant and color filler into the premixed emulsion in sequence according to the mass ratio. After the feeding is completed, raise the temperature of the reaction system to 60 °C, keep the reaction for 3 h to obtain a uniform emulsion, cool down, and obtain the heat-insulating and fireproof coating material after vacuum defoaming.

[0020] Apply the heat-insulating and fireproof coating, and let it stand until this layer hardens to form a 0.8 - 2 mm heat-insulating and fireproof coating; apply the weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint, and let it stand until this layer hardens to form a 0.05 - 0.06 mm weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer. Any one or more of brushing, spraying, dipping, and scraping can be used for convenient construction. It can be applied manually or mechanically by spraying, and then left to stand until the surface is dry and plasticized. The coatings interact with each other, effectively improving the weather resistance and flame retardant performance of the steel stone slab and enhancing the use safety.

[0021] Further, the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board is prepared from 49 - 56 parts by mass of a sulfoaluminate cement-based gelling material, 13 - 17 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 4 - 5 parts of short-cut polypropylene fibers, 15 - 20 parts of diatomite, and 0.3 - 0.6 parts of a composite tackifier according to the mass parts. The diatomite is 200 mesh, and the composite tackifier is a combination of two selected from carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyacrylamide; its preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1: Dry stirring: First, put the sulfoaluminate cement-based gelling material, diatomite (the sieve residue less than 3 wt% through a 200-mesh sieve), short-cut polypropylene fibers, and composite tackifier into a mixer for dry stirring to obtain a mixed solid powder;

[0023] S2: Wet mixing: Put the mixed solid powder obtained in S1 into a homogenizing tank, add water and mix for wet mixing. The water-solid ratio is controlled within the range of 0.35 - 0.4, the wet mixing time is 90 seconds, and the wet mixing speed is greater than or equal to 600 rpm to obtain a slurry.

[0024] S3: Paving and forming: Pave the slurry stirred in S2 in the order of base material, alkali-resistant coated fiberglass mesh cloth, and facing material, and the thickness of the base material is equal to that of the facing material. First, pave the base material, then pave it according to the paving method of the alkali-resistant coated fiberglass mesh cloth, and finally put it into an extruder for dehydration and extrusion forming to obtain a wet blank.

[0025] S4: Place the wet blank obtained in S3 in a pre-curing box and cure it under humid conditions at 20 - 22 °C for 4 - 8 h to obtain a blank.

[0026] S5: Place the blank of S4 in an autoclave and cure it under a constant pressure of 0.9 - 1.1 MPa saturated steam pressure for 8 - 12 h to obtain a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board sample.

[0027] S6: Dry the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board sample in S5 to make its moisture content less than 10 wt% to obtain the required solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board.

[0028] There is an alkali-resistant coated fiberglass mesh cloth in the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board (1.0 - 1.3 cm), which is the main body of the fiber network and has a unique arrangement method. While reducing the consumption of the mesh cloth, it also has a good fiber strengthening effect and accumulates the fiber strengthening effect of chopped polypropylene fibers. Adding a composite tackifier to participate in hydration can comprehensively improve the microscopic gel effect, thereby improving the strength, stiffness and toughness of the fiber cement board. Adding diatomite to participate in the pulping process can effectively use diatomite to improve the particle size distribution of the slurry, making the particle size distribution continuous. The unreacted diatomite particles are used as fillers to reduce the pores generated by hydration, and at the same time can assist the bonding effect of the composite adhesive as a skeleton. The two have a synergistic effect and significantly improve the flexural and impact resistance of the steel stone board.

[0029] Furthermore, the sulfoaluminate cement-based gelling material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 9 - 15 parts of gold tailings, 18 - 27 parts of alkali residue, 15 - 35 parts of red mud, 10 - 20 parts of aluminum ash, 11 - 17 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 1.1 - 6 parts of a corrector;

[0030] The corrector includes an iron-based corrector and a calcium-based corrector. The iron-based corrector is 0.6 - 3 parts of pyrite slag, and the calcium-based corrector is 0.5 - 4 parts of carbide slag;

[0031] The preparation method of the sulfoaluminate cement-based gelling material is as follows:

[0032] S1: Wet-grind gold tailings, alkali residue, red mud, and aluminum ash according to parts by mass with water. When the total moisture content of the materials is 60% - 70%, complete the grinding using a wet grinder, and control the fineness to a sieve residue rate of less than 0.8% at a 0.2 mm sieve;

[0033] S2: Stir and correct the composition in the homogenization tank for about 6 h. Correcting the composition means adding an appropriate amount of a correcting agent to obtain a uniform slurry;

[0034] S3: Dehydrate by mechanical pressure filtration, control the pressure filtration temperature at 50 - 80 °C to obtain raw meal. After dehydration, the moisture content is 20% - 25%. This process not only removes a large amount of water but also reduces the Cl - ion content in the raw materials, avoiding its adverse effects on the hydration effect of the subsequent sulfoaluminate cement clinker;

[0035] S4: Put the raw meal into a rotary kiln and calcine at 1300 - 1350 °C for 60 - 80 min to obtain sulfoaluminate cement clinker;

[0036] S5: Crush the clinker, incorporate dry desulfurized gypsum and grind it. Grind the sulfoaluminate cement clinker to a standard of not more than 4 wt.% sieve residue at 80 μm to obtain the required sulfoaluminate cementitious material.

[0037] This production process effectively utilizes the synergistic effect of red mud and aluminum ash to generate calcium sulfoaluminate under high-temperature conditions. The alkali residue can replace the role of limestone in the calcination process of traditional Portland cement and can also have a favorable impact on the above-mentioned synergy between red mud and aluminum ash, forming an alkali residue - red mud - aluminum ash ternary reaction system. Gold tailings can effectively replace natural sandstone or clay to participate in the calcination; the correcting agent effectively corrects the contents of calcium oxide and iron oxide. This method effectively uses these difficult-to-treat industrial solid wastes to burn into sulfoaluminate cement-based cementitious materials; adding dry-treated desulfurized gypsum to participate in the grinding during the grinding of the clinker can also adjust the setting time, improve a series of properties such as corrosion resistance, frost resistance, and impermeability during the pulping process of producing solid waste-based fiber-reinforced boards.

[0038] The noise reduction reinforcement layer (0.8 - 1.5 mm) is between the galvanized steel plate and the heat-insulating and fireproof coating. Compared with the existing steel stone plates, it can significantly improve the noise reduction effect.

[0039] Furthermore, the noise reduction reinforcement layer is prepared from 10 - 14 parts of starch, 2.5 - 3 parts of auxiliary glue, 1.2 - 1.4 parts of glycerol, 4.2 - 4.8 parts of inorganic filler, 30 parts of ionic water, and 40 - 55 parts of alcohol solution as raw materials. The starch is one or any combination of potato starch, purple sweet potato starch, corn starch, and wheat starch. The auxiliary glue is carrageenan or gelatin. The inorganic filler includes one or any combination of nano-silica and montmorillonite. The alcohol solution is a solution with polyether polyol as the solute;

[0040] The preparation method of the noise reduction strengthening layer includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Mix inorganic filler with an alcohol solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0042] S2. Take ionized water and add glycerol. Under mechanical stirring, add starch and auxiliary glue, and stir quickly and evenly to obtain a viscous liquid;

[0043] S3. Mix the mixed solution of S1 with the viscous liquid of S2, heat and stir to obtain a transparent viscous gel;

[0044] S4. Transfer the transparent viscous gel obtained in S3 to a constant temperature water bath at 50°C to 80°C, keep stirring evenly for 42 - 50 min, and then pour it into a container to cool to obtain a gel;

[0045] S5. Put the gel obtained in S4 into a refrigerator at -40°C to 5°C for pre-freezing for 5 - 10 h, and then put it into a freeze dryer with a vacuum degree lower than 180 Pa and a temperature of -25°C to -10°C for freeze drying to obtain a plant polysaccharide aerogel, which is the material of the noise reduction strengthening layer.

[0046] The strengthened self-adhesive layer (0.7 - 1.0 mm) is used to bond the steel stone plate layered structure. The material of the strengthened self-adhesive layer is an epoxy resin waterproof adhesive mixture based on bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin.

[0047] Furthermore, the raw materials of the chemical transition layer are composed of the following parts by mass: plasticizer 0 - 7.5 parts; surfactant 3.30 - 3.50 parts; solvent 5.40 - 12.50 parts; acrylic acid 13.0 - 23.0 parts; dispersant 0.1 - 0.2 parts; filler 2.50 - 9.25 parts; adhesive 0 - 23.0 parts; leveling agent 0.1 - 0.2 parts; methanol 0 - 3.00 parts.

[0048] Furthermore, the plasticizer is n-butanol; the surfactant is ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the solvent is a dibasic acid ester or cyclohexanone; the dispersant is triethylhexyl phosphate; the filler is a mixed powder uniformly stirred by nano-silica, precipitated barium sulfate, talc powder, and perlite in a mass ratio of 0.3:1:1.5:1.5; the adhesive is bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin, and the leveling agent is carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0049] The preparation method of the chemical transition layer material includes the following steps:

[0050] A. Add the solvent to a stirrer in proportion, and add the surfactant, dispersant, and filler to the solvent in proportion under low-speed stirring for mixing;

[0051] B. After dispersing the mixture obtained in Step A at high speed for 5 minutes, remove the dry powder on the side of the stirrer, and then add acrylic acid and stir at high speed for 30 minutes, with the temperature controlled not exceeding 45°C;

[0052] C. Add the slurry dispersed in Step B to a sand mill for grinding, with the grinding temperature controlled below 45°C, and grind the slurry to a fineness ≤ 10 μm;

[0053] D. Add methanol, plasticizer, surfactant, adhesive, and leveling agent to the diluted slurry in Step C in proportion and stir at low speed to obtain the chemical transition layer material;

[0054] The chemical transition layer (0.2 ± 0.05 mm) can firmly adhere to the surface of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, forming a smooth layer of material, which can reduce the roughness of the surface of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, provide a certain initial viscosity for the surface of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, and increase the contact effect between the surface of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board and the strengthened self-adhesive layer, thus significantly promoting the bonding effect between the galvanized steel sheet and the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, effectively improving the bonding effect of the strengthened self-adhesive layer, and making the steel stone board layered structure more integral, unified, and stable.

[0055] The hydrophobic moisture-proof layer (0.05 ± 0.01 mm) is an organosilane polymer that encapsulates hydrophobic powder layer by layer. It effectively improves the moisture-proof effect of the steel stone board.

[0056] The present invention provides a method for assembling a steel stone board structure as follows:

[0057] Step 1: First, evenly apply the chemical transition layer material on the surface of the above fiber cement board, let it stand to form a chemical transition layer of 0.2 ± 0.05 mm, then apply the strengthened self-adhesive material on one side of the galvanized steel sheet, and use a machine to extrude and let it stand. A strengthened self-adhesive layer of 0.7 - 1.0 mm is formed between the galvanized steel sheet and the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board;

[0058] Step 2: Apply the noise reduction and strengthening layer material on the surface of the galvanized steel sheet, let it stand until the layer hardens to form a noise reduction and strengthening layer of 0.8 - 1.5 mm; apply the heat insulation and fireproof coating, let it stand until the layer hardens to form a heat insulation and fireproof coating of 0.8 - 2 mm; apply the weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint, let it stand until the layer hardens to form a weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer of 0.05 - 0.06 mm. It can be conveniently constructed by any one or more of brushing, spraying, dipping, and scraping, and can be applied manually or mechanically. Then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized;

[0059] Step 3: Apply the hydrophobic moisture-proof layer material on the side of the fiber cement board that is not bonded to the galvanized steel sheet and on the four frame surfaces. It can be applied manually or mechanically. Then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized, and the assembly of the steel stone board is completed.

[0060] (8) Stick the reflective strips at the set positions on the surface of the steel stone slab, and the production of the steel stone slab is completed.

[0061] A production process for steel stone slabs for tunnels and underground engineering, comprising the following steps:

[0062] (1) Produce the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board according to the described steps;

[0063] (2) Stamp the galvanized steel sheet and cut it into the shape required by the present invention.

[0064] (3) Produce the materials required for the noise reduction and strengthening layer according to the described steps;

[0065] (4) Produce the heat insulation and fireproof coating materials according to the described steps;

[0066] (5) First, evenly apply the chemical transition layer material on the surface of the above-mentioned solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, let it stand to form a chemical transition layer, then apply the strengthened self-adhesive material on the smooth side of the galvanized steel sheet, and use a machine to extrude and let stand the galvanized steel sheet and the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, and a strengthened self-adhesive layer is formed between the galvanized steel sheet and the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board;

[0067] (6) Sequentially and evenly apply the noise reduction and strengthening layer material, heat insulation and fireproof coating, and weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint on the surface of the galvanized steel sheet. Any one or more of brushing, spraying, dipping, and scraping can be used for convenient construction, and it can be applied manually or mechanically by spraying. Then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized;

[0068] (7) Apply the hydrophobic and moisture-proof layer material on the back and the four frame surfaces of the fiber cement board that are not bonded to the galvanized steel sheet. It can be applied manually or mechanically by spraying. Then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized, and the assembly of the steel stone slab is completed.

[0069] (8) Stick the reflective strips at the set positions on the surface of the steel stone slab, and the production of the steel stone slab is completed.

[0070] The predetermined shape of the steel stone slab for tunnels and underground space engineering is:

[0071] The first predetermined shape is: at one end, after the galvanized steel sheet extends outward, it bends downward by 90°, after the extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel stone slab, it bends inward by 90°, and then bends into a hook shape to form a hook-shaped end; at the other end, the galvanized steel sheet extends outward and bends downward at a right angle, exceeding the thickness of the steel stone slab, and there are 5 steel feet protruding side by side in the length direction; the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board part in the middle is thicker than the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced boards at both ends, forming a "convex" shape;

[0072] The second predetermined shape is as follows: one end has no extension; at the other end, the galvanized steel plate extends downward. After the extension aligns with the bottom of the steel slate, it bends outward at 90°, and after the extension length is the same as the thickness of the steel slate, it bends upward at 90° and extends. When the extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel slate, the length of the exceeded part is at least 1.5 times the bolt diameter, and 3 round holes for the bolt to pass through are opened on the exceeded part; the middle waste-based fiber-reinforced plate part is thicker than the waste-based fiber-reinforced plate at both ends, forming a "convex" shape;

[0073] The third predetermined shape is as follows: at one end, after the galvanized steel plate extends outward, it bends downward at 90°. After the extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel slate, it bends inward at 90° and then bends into a hook shape, forming a hook-shaped end; at the other end, the galvanized steel plate extends outward, forming a horizontal extension section of the steel slate; the middle waste-based fiber-reinforced plate part is thicker than the waste-based fiber-reinforced plate at both ends, forming a "convex" shape.

[0074] For the prefabricated installation method of steel slates in tunnel and underground space engineering, as a representative installation model in engineering practice, there are three predetermined structures.

[0075] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first predetermined structure is that both the upper steel slate and the lower steel slate are of the first predetermined shape.

[0076] At the vertical connection position of the upper steel slate and the lower steel slate, there is a T-shaped angle code. There are two rows of symmetrically arranged 5 slots on the top surface of the T-shaped angle code. The slot size is larger than the cross-sectional size of the steel feet at the end of the steel plate. The steel feet are symmetrically connected to the slots. The T-shaped angle code and the L-shaped angle code are fixedly connected by several bolts, and the L-shaped angle code is fixed to the tunnel wall by expansion bolts.

[0077] At the top of the upper steel slate, a U-shaped edge-sealing keel is connected. The inner width of the opening is larger than the outer width of the hook-shaped end of the steel slate; one end of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel is provided with a hook-shaped bend, which is clamped and fixed with the hook-shaped end by cooperation with deformation. There are an even number of openings on the side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel close to the wall, and it is fixed to the tunnel wall by passing expansion bolts through the openings; the connection method of the bottom of the lower steel slate and the top of the upper steel slate to the tunnel wall is the same.

[0078] The middle parts of the upper steel slate and the lower steel slate are fixedly bonded to the L-shaped angle code through a PE rubber strip. One side of the L-shaped angle code is fixedly connected to the L-shaped angle code through a hexagonal bolt, and the other side of the L-shaped angle code is fixed to the tunnel wall by expansion bolts.

[0079] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second predetermined structure is that both the upper steel slate and the lower steel slate are of the second predetermined shape.

[0080] The vertical connection position of the upper steel slate and the lower steel slate is fixedly connected by hexagonal bolts passing through the round holes.

[0081] The top of the upper steel stone slab is clamped by the tiger mouth edge-sealing keel. The tiger mouth edge-sealing keel and the L-shaped angle code are fixedly connected by bolts, and the L-shaped angle code is fixed on the tunnel wall by expansion bolts; the bottom of the lower steel stone slab is connected to the tunnel wall in the same way as the top of the upper steel stone slab.

[0082] The middle parts of the upper steel stone slab and the lower steel stone slab are fixedly bonded to the L-shaped angle code by a PE rubber strip. One side of the L-shaped angle code is fixedly connected to another L-shaped angle code by a hexagonal bolt, and the other side of the L-shaped angle code is fixed to the tunnel wall by an expansion bolt.

[0083] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the third predetermined structure is: both the upper steel stone slab and the lower steel stone slab are of the second predetermined shape.

[0084] The horizontal extension sections of the upper steel stone slab and the lower steel stone slab are smeared with epoxy resin for butt joint.

[0085] The top of the upper steel stone slab is connected with a U-shaped edge-sealing keel, and the inner width of the opening is greater than the outer width of the hook-shaped end of the steel stone slab; one end of one side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel is provided with a hook-shaped bend, which is clamped and fixed to the hook-shaped end by matching deformation. The side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel close to the wall is provided with an even number of openings, and it is fixed to the tunnel wall by passing expansion bolts through the openings; the bottom of the lower steel stone slab is connected to the tunnel wall in the same way as the top of the upper steel stone slab.

[0086] The middle parts of the upper steel stone slab and the lower steel stone slab are fixedly bonded to the L-shaped angle code by a PE rubber strip. One side of the L-shaped angle code is fixedly connected to the L-shaped angle code by a hexagonal bolt, and the other side of the L-shaped angle code is fixed to the tunnel wall by an expansion bolt.

[0087] The prefabricated installation method of the steel stone slab includes the following rules:

[0088] (1) Prefabricate the steel stone slab in the factory according to the above structure;

[0089] (2) Transport the steel stone slab to the construction site;

[0090] (3) Clean the wall area where the steel stone slab is about to be installed. The area after cleaning should be free of stains and powder ash, which is convenient for drilling and the quality of subsequent construction;

[0091] (4) Determine the elevation of the top, middle and bottom of the steel stone slab. Mark the elevation line on the tunnel wall. At the vertical joint, the line should be drawn according to the design requirements and fixed on the surrounding walls. After confirming that the keel layout and the installation of the steel stone slab do not violate the tunnel building limit, construction can be carried out;

[0092] (5) Install expansion bolts and angle codes at the positions marked at the bottom, middle and upper parts;

[0093] (6) Taking the first predetermined structure as an example, the installation of a single-piece steel stone slab only requires two workers to use suction cups to hold the slab and fix the upper and lower steel stone slabs on the already installed edge-sealing keel. The top of the upper slab is clamped by the steel plate edge and the U-shaped edge-sealing keel, and the middle part is bonded by a PE rubber strip to provide additional stability. At the vertical connection (horizontal joint), additional stability is obtained by inserting an odd number of steel feet at the end of the steel plate into the groove of the T-shaped keel;

[0094] (7) Continuously install the steel stone slabs along the advancing direction of the tunnel;

[0095] (8) After the construction is completed, the building clearance of the tunnel should be rechecked. Once local intrusion is found, it should be adjusted and processed in time to ensure that the decoration of the entire tunnel does not intrude into the clearance and guarantee the operation safety of the tunnel.

[0096] (9) The disassembly method of a single-piece steel stone slab is the same as the installation method. Taking the first predetermined structure as an example, two workers use suction cups to pull out the steel stone slab in a direction perpendicular to the slab.

[0097] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0098] 1) The present invention proposes a method for preparing and producing a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board from all solid wastes and uses the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board in the production process of steel stone slabs, effectively synergistically utilizing difficult-to-treat industrial solid wastes and reducing the project cost of steel stone slabs; effectively utilizing the synergistic effect of red mud and aluminum ash to generate tetracalcium ferroaluminate under high-temperature conditions, and alkali slag can replace the role of limestone in the traditional Portland cement calcination process and can also have a beneficial effect on the above-mentioned synergistic effect of red mud and aluminum ash, forming an alkali slag-red mud-aluminum ash ternary reaction system, and gold tailings can effectively replace natural sandstone or clay to participate in the calcination; the corrector effectively corrects the contents of calcium oxide and iron oxide; this method effectively utilizes these difficult-to-treat industrial solid wastes to burn into a sulphoaluminate cement-based cementitious material;

[0099] 2) Adding dried desulfurized gypsum during the grinding process of sulphoaluminate cement clinker to assist in grinding and adjusting the setting time during the pulp-making process of producing solid waste-based fiber-reinforced boards can improve properties such as corrosion resistance, frost resistance, and impermeability; adding diatomite and a composite thickener during the pulp-making process can utilize the synergistic strengthening bonding effect of diatomite and the composite thickener, and the unreacted diatomite particles act as filling particles to occupy the pores generated during the reaction process, reducing the porosity and making the microstructure of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board denser, enhancing impermeability and freeze-thaw resistance.

[0100] 3) A layer of alkali-resistant coated fiberglass mesh is also added to the middle layer of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board of the present invention, which has a unique arrangement method, reducing the consumption of the mesh while also having good fiber strengthening effect. It is paved at the middle thickness of the slurry during the pulping process and is achieved by mixing the materials in two steps (first mixing the bottom material and then the surface material), which can become the main body of the fiber network, accumulating the fiber strengthening effect of the chopped polypropylene fibers, and significantly improving the flexural and impact resistance of the steel stone board.

[0101] 4) The present invention designs a noise reduction and strengthening layer between the galvanized steel plate and the heat insulation and fireproof coating. Compared with the existing steel stone board, it can significantly improve the noise reduction effect. The material used for the noise reduction and strengthening layer is a plant polysaccharide aerogel, which is completely non-toxic and harmless and is easy to degrade without pollution.

[0102] 5) Based on the existing bonding technology between fiber cement board and steel plate, a chemical transition layer is coated on the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board of the present invention, effectively improving the bonding effect of the strengthened self-adhesive layer, and making the steel stone board structure have better overall unity and stability.

[0103] 6) The heat insulation and fireproof coating material uses acrylic emulsion as a film-forming agent, improving the mechanical properties and bonding strength of the coating; with a unique pigment and filler system formula, adding a small amount of basic molybdate copper in the pigment and filler system can significantly reduce the heat release rate of the coating, increase the char yield, and improve the fireproof and smoke suppression properties.

[0104] 7) The present invention has the characteristics of fire resistance, moisture resistance, noise reduction, and beauty. In the production process of the steel stone board, the materials for the noise reduction and strengthening layer, heat insulation and fireproof coating, and weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint can be conveniently constructed by any one or more of brushing, spraying, dipping, and scraping. It can be applied manually or mechanically, suitable for various situations; the production cycle is short, which can effectively avoid the adverse effects caused by the early shelving of materials and their degradation under the influence of the environment; at the same time, the layered structure of this process is simple and not complex, with a high error tolerance rate, and has a high production efficiency and low cost compared with the existing steel stone board.

[0105] 8) The installation structure of the present invention is easy to operate, without the need for cast-in-place cement boards and on-site preparation of interlayer materials. Only prefabrication in the factory and then transportation to the site for direct installation is required; the installation is simple and convenient, with high efficiency. For the connection of adjacent steel stone boards in the horizontal direction (vertical joints), no special installation and fixation are required, saving iron support connection components such as bolts. The disassembly and maintenance are convenient, saving time and effort. The combination of every two steel stone boards can be disassembled independently of other steel stone boards without restraint. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0106] Figure 1 It is a production process diagram of the steel stone board provided by the present invention for tunnel and underground space engineering;

[0107] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the steel stone slab structure for tunnel and underground space engineering provided by the present invention;

[0108] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the placement of the mesh fabric during the forming process of the waste-based fiber-reinforced board of the present invention;

[0109] Figure 4 General schematic diagram of the first predetermined shape of the steel stone slab provided by the present invention;

[0110] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of the first predetermined structure of the steel stone slab provided by the present invention;

[0111] Figure 6 For Figure 5 Top enlarged schematic diagram;

[0112] Figure 7 For Figure 5 Middle enlarged schematic diagram;

[0113] Figure 8 For Figure 4 Middle vertical connection (horizontal joint) enlarged schematic diagram;

[0114] Figure 9 Appearance schematic diagram of the T-shaped angle code in the present invention;

[0115] Figure 10 Appearance schematic diagram of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel in the present invention;

[0116] Figure 11 General schematic diagram of the second predetermined shape of the steel stone slab provided by the present invention;

[0117] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the installation of the second predetermined structure of the steel stone slab provided by the present invention;

[0118] Figure 13 For Figure 12 Middle vertical connection (horizontal joint) enlarged schematic diagram;

[0119] Figure 14 General schematic diagram of the third predetermined shape of the steel stone slab provided by the present invention;

[0120] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the installation of the third predetermined structure of the steel stone slab provided by the present invention;

[0121] Figure 16 For Figure 15 Middle vertical connection (horizontal joint) enlarged schematic diagram;

[0122] In the figure: A, the top mounting structure of the steel stone slab 01; B, the middle fixing structure of the steel stone slab 01; C, the vertical connection (horizontal joint) structure between the steel stone slabs 01 and 02; D, the top mounting structure of the steel stone slab 03; E, the vertical connection (horizontal joint) structure between the steel stone slabs 03 and 04; F, the bottom mounting structure of the steel stone slab 04; G, the top mounting structure of the steel stone slab 05; H, the middle fixing structure of the steel stone slab 05; J, the vertical connection (horizontal joint) structure between the steel stone slabs 05 and 06; K, the bottom mounting structure of the steel stone slab 06; M, the layered structure of the steel stone slabs;

[0123] M1, weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint; M2, heat-insulating and fireproof coating; M3, noise-reducing and strengthening layer; M4, galvanized steel sheet; M5, enhanced self-adhesive layer; M6, chemical transition layer; M7, solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board; M8, water-repellent and moisture-proof layer; A1, hook-shaped end; A3, expansion bolt; A2, U-shaped edge-sealing keel; B1, L-shaped angle code; B2, expansion bolt; B3, PE rubber strip; B4, hexagon bolt; B5, L-shaped angle code; C1, L-shaped angle code; C2, T-shaped angle code; C3, hexagon bolt; C4, grooving; C5, steel foot; D1, expansion bolt; D2, L-shaped angle code; D3, hexagon bolt; D4, tiger-mouth edge-sealing keel; E1, expansion bolt; E2, L-shaped angle code; E3, hexagon bolt; E4, L-shaped angle code; E6, hexagon bolt; E5, PE rubber strip; G1, expansion bolt; G2, U-shaped edge-sealing keel; G3, hook-shaped end; H1, expansion bolt; H2, L-shaped angle code; H3, hexagon bolt; H4, L-shaped angle code; H5, PE rubber strip; J1, horizontal extension section of the upper steel stone slab; J2, epoxy resin adhesive; J3, horizontal extension section of the lower steel stone slab; J4, epoxy resin adhesive;

[0124] 01 is the upper steel stone slab in Embodiment 1; 02 is the lower steel stone slab in Embodiment 1; 03 is the upper steel stone slab in Embodiment 2; 04 is the lower steel stone slab in Embodiment 2; 05 is the upper steel stone slab in Embodiment 3; 06 is the lower steel stone slab in Embodiment 3;

[0125] 22, round hole; 23, tunnel wall; 46, horizontal extension section of the steel stone slab. Detailed implementation manners

[0126] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0127] Embodiment 1

[0128] As Figure 1 shown:

[0129] A steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering, comprising a steel stone slab body. From top to bottom (M1-M8), the steel stone slab body is successively a weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer, a heat-insulating and fireproof coating layer, a noise-reducing and strengthening layer, a galvanized steel plate, a strengthened self-adhesive layer, a chemical transition layer, a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, and a water-repellent and moisture-proof layer. Among them, there are several rectangular grid cloth units in the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board. The center of the grid cloth unit is a diamond-shaped grid cloth. Centered on the diamond-shaped grid cloth, diamond-shaped grid cloths or triangular grid cloths are symmetrically distributed at the four corners.

[0130] The galvanized steel plate is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm galvanized, and is stamped into the shape required by the present invention.

[0131] On the upper surface of the galvanized steel plate are successively a weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer (0.05 mm) and a heat-insulating and fireproof coating layer (1 mm).

[0132] The material of the heat-insulating and fireproof coating layer is prepared from inorganic raw materials, a mixed flame retardant, a color filler, a dispersant, and an acrylic emulsion according to 100:40:80:4:50 through the following steps. The inorganic raw materials are obtained by mixing powder materials of sodium silicate, gypsum, vermiculite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, and sodium fluorosilicate according to the weight ratio of 40:50:25:10:20:2 at 50 °C for 15 min. The bulk density requirement of the inorganic raw materials is 0.3 g / cm 3 , and the specific surface area requirement is 400 m 2 / kg; The mixed flame retardant is prepared according to the following process: 25 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 8 parts of dipentaerythritol, and 2 parts of tea saponin are mixed evenly by weight and then added to 100 parts of an ethanol aqueous solution, wherein the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution is 40 wt%. Then, the temperature is raised to 92 °C and stirred and refluxed for 3.6 h, dried at 138 °C for 27 min, and ground and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain. The color filler is a combination of 30 parts of titanium dioxide, 35 parts of zinc oxide, and 15 parts of iron red, and 3 parts of basic molybdate copper are added.

[0133] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and fireproof coating layer includes the following steps:

[0134] (1) Add the acrylic emulsion, the dispersant, and the inorganic raw materials to the reaction kettle according to the mass ratio, and stir and disperse at high speed for 30 min to obtain a premixed emulsion;

[0135] (2) Obtain the mixed flame retardant and the color filler according to the above preparation steps;

[0136] (3) Add the mixed flame retardant and the color filler to the premixed emulsion in sequence according to the mass ratio. After the feeding is completed, raise the temperature of the reaction system to 60 °C and keep the reaction for 3 h to obtain a uniform emulsion. Cool down and perform vacuum defoaming to obtain the heat-insulating and fireproof coating material.

[0137] The solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board is prepared by mixing 70 parts of sulfoaluminate cement-based cementitious material, 14 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 1 part of chopped polypropylene fiber, 15 parts of diatomite, and 0.4 part of an external composite tackifier by mass. The diatomite is 200 mesh, and the composite tackifier is selected from the combination of carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol. The sulfoaluminate cement-based cementitious material is composed of the following raw materials by mass: 10 parts of gold tailings, 20 parts of alkali residue, 25 parts of red mud, 18 parts of aluminum ash, 15 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 2 parts of pyrite slag as an iron corrective agent, and 2.5 parts of carbide slag as a calcium corrective agent.

[0138] The preparation method of the sulfoaluminate cement-based cementitious material is as follows:

[0139] S1: Wet-grind the gold tailings, alkali residue, red mud, and aluminum ash according to the mass parts by adding water. When the total moisture content of the materials is 60%-70%, complete the grinding using a wet grinder, and control the fineness to be below 0.8% of the residue on a 0.2 mm sieve.

[0140] S2: Stir and correct the composition in a homogenization tank for about 6 hours. The composition correction means adding an appropriate amount of corrective agent to obtain a uniform slurry.

[0141] S3: Dehydrate by mechanical pressure filtration. Control the pressure filtration temperature at 75°C to obtain raw meal. The moisture content after dehydration is 20%-25%. This process not only removes a large amount of moisture but also reduces the Cl - ion content in the raw materials, avoiding its adverse effect on the hydration effect of the subsequent sulfoaluminate cement clinker.

[0142] S4: Put the raw meal into a rotary kiln and calcine it at 1350°C for 80 minutes to obtain sulfoaluminate cement clinker.

[0143] S5: Crush the clinker, incorporate dry desulfurized gypsum and grind it. Standardize the grinding of the sulfoaluminate cement clinker so that the residue on an 80 μm sieve is not more than 4 wt.% to obtain the required sulfoaluminate cementitious material.

[0144] The preparation method of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board includes the following steps:

[0145] S1: Dry mixing: First, put the sulfoaluminate cement-based cementitious material, diatomite (residue on a 200 mesh sieve is less than 3 wt.%), chopped polypropylene fiber, and composite tackifier into a mixer for dry mixing to obtain a mixed solid powder.

[0146] S2: Wet mixing: Put the mixed solid powder obtained in S1 into a homogenization tank and add water for mixing and wet stirring. Control the water-solid ratio at 0.35, the wet stirring time is 90 seconds, and the wet stirring speed is greater than or equal to 600 rpm to obtain a slurry.

[0147] S3: Paving and forming: The slurry stirred in S2 is paved in the order of bottom material, alkali-resistant coated fiberglass mesh, and top material, with the thickness of the bottom material equal to that of the top material. First, pave the bottom material, then pave it according to the paving method of the alkali-resistant coated fiberglass mesh (the upper figure in Figure 3 ), and finally put it into an extruder for dehydration and extrusion forming to obtain a wet blank;

[0148] S4: Place the wet blank obtained in S3 in a pre-curing box and cure it under humid conditions at 20 °C for 6 h to obtain a blank;

[0149] S5: Place the blank of S4 in an autoclave and cure it under a constant pressure of 1.1 MPa saturated steam pressure for 10 h to obtain a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board sample;

[0150] S6: Dry the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board sample in S5 to make its moisture content less than 10 wt% to obtain the required solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board.

[0151] The noise reduction and strengthening layer is prepared from 14 parts of starch, 2.5 parts of auxiliary glue, 1.3 parts of glycerol, 4.6 parts of inorganic filler, 30 parts of ionic water, and 45 parts of alcohol solution as raw materials. The alcohol solution is a solution with polyether polyol as the solute;

[0152] The preparation method of the noise reduction and strengthening layer includes the following steps:

[0153] S1: Mix nano-silica with the alcohol solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution;

[0154] S2: Take ionic water and add glycerol. Under mechanical stirring, then add potato starch and carrageenan, and stir quickly and evenly to obtain a viscous liquid;

[0155] S3: Mix the mixed solution of S1 with the viscous liquid of S2, heat and stir to obtain a transparent viscous gel;

[0156] S4: Transfer the transparent viscous gel obtained in S3 to a 50 °C constant temperature water bath, keep it and stir evenly for 42 - 50 min, and then pour it into a container to cool to obtain a gel;

[0157] S5: Put the gel obtained in S4 into a refrigerator at -20 °C for pre-freezing for 10 h, then put it into a freeze dryer with a vacuum degree lower than 180 Pa and a temperature of -20 °C for freeze drying to obtain a plant polysaccharide aerogel, which is the material of the noise reduction and strengthening layer.

[0158] The enhanced self-adhesive layer (0.8 mm) is bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin.

[0159] The raw materials of the chemical transition layer (0.2 ± 0.05 mm) consist of the following parts by mass: 5 parts of plasticizer n-butanol; 3.30 parts of surfactant ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; 10 parts of solvent dibasic acid ester; 17 parts of acrylic acid; 0.2 parts of dispersant triethylhexyl phosphate; 8 parts of filler; 15 parts of adhesive bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resin; 0.2 parts of leveling agent carboxymethyl cellulose; 2.00 parts of methanol. The filler is a mixed powder uniformly stirred from nano-silica, precipitated barium sulfate, talcum powder, and perlite in a mass ratio of 0.3:1:1.5:1.5.

[0160] The preparation method of the chemical transition layer material includes the following steps:

[0161] A. Add the solvent to the stirrer in proportion, and add the surfactant, dispersant, and filler to the solvent in proportion under low-speed stirring for mixing;

[0162] B. After dispersing the mixture obtained in step A at high speed for 5 minutes, remove the dry powder on the side of the stirrer, then add acrylic acid and stir at high speed for 30 minutes, and control the temperature not to exceed 45 °C;

[0163] C. Add the slurry dispersed in step B to a sand mill for grinding, control the grinding temperature below 45 °C, and grind the slurry to a fineness ≤ 10 μm;

[0164] D. Add methanol, plasticizer, surfactant, adhesive, and leveling agent to the diluted slurry in step C in proportion and stir at low speed to obtain the chemical transition layer material;

[0165] The hydrophobic moisture-proof layer (0.05 ± 0.01 mm) is an organosilane polymer that coats hydrophobic powder layer by layer.

[0166] The assembly method of the steel stone plate structure is as follows:

[0167] Step 1: First, evenly apply the chemical transition layer material on the surface of the above-mentioned fiber cement board, let it stand to form a 0.2 ± 0.05 mm chemical transition layer, then apply the enhanced self-adhesive material on one side of the galvanized steel plate, and use a machine to extrude and let it stand, forming a 0.8 mm enhanced self-adhesive layer between the galvanized steel plate and the solid waste-based fiber reinforced board;

[0168] Step 2: Apply the noise reduction and strengthening layer material on the surface of the galvanized steel plate, let it stand until this layer hardens to form a 0.8 mm noise reduction and strengthening layer; apply the heat insulation and fireproof coating, let it stand until this layer hardens to form a 1 mm heat insulation and fireproof coating; apply the weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint, let it stand until this layer hardens to form a 0.05 mm weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer, using the brushing method, and then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized;

[0169] Step 3: Apply the hydrophobic and moisture-proof layer material on the side of the fiber cement board that does not bond with the galvanized steel sheet and on the four frame surfaces by mechanical spraying, and then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized, and the assembly of the steel stone board is completed.

[0170] (8) Stick the reflective strip at the set position on the surface of the steel stone board, and the production of the steel stone board is completed.

[0171] Example 2

[0172] Produce the steel stone board according to the production process of Example 1, the differences are: replace the aluminum ash with bauxite when producing the sulfoaluminate cement clinker material, the iron corrective agent is iron tailings, and the composite tackifier is a combination of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyacrylamide; the calcination temperature is 1400 °C; replace the montmorillonite with kaolin when preparing the heat-insulating and fire-proof coating material, and in the final step, add the mixed flame retardant and color filler to the premixed emulsion in sequence by mass ratio. After the feeding is completed, raise the temperature of the reaction system to 70 °C.

[0173] Example 3

[0174] Produce the steel stone board according to the process of Example 1, the differences are: the raw materials for producing the sulfoaluminate cement are 10 parts of gold tailings, 27 parts of alkali residue, 15 parts of red mud, 17 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 10 parts of aluminum ash, and the composite tackifier is a combination of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone; the calcination temperature is 1350 °C; replace the vermiculite with perlite when preparing the heat-insulating and fire-proof coating material, and replace the dipentaerythritol with pentaerythritol stearate. In the final step, add the mixed flame retardant and color filler to the premixed emulsion in sequence by mass ratio. After the feeding is completed, raise the temperature of the reaction system to 60 °C.

[0175] Comparative Example 1

[0176] Prepare the fiber cement board according to the method of Example 1, the difference is: the cement used is PO42.5 cement.

[0177] Comparative Example 2

[0178] Prepare the solid waste-based fiber reinforced board according to the method of Example 1, the difference is: no alkali residue participates in the calcination during the production of the sulfoaluminate cement.

[0179] Comparative Example 3

[0180] Prepare the fiber cement board according to the method of Example 1, the difference is: do not add diatomaceous earth and composite tackifier during the dry mixing of the raw materials. Test the performance of the prepared fiber cement board.

[0181] Comparative Example 4

[0182] Produce the steel stone board according to the method of Example 1, the difference is: lack of the heat-insulating and fire-proof coating.

[0183] Comparative Example 5

[0184] The steel stone slabs were produced according to the method of Example 1, except that: when preparing the heat-insulating and fire-proof coating material, basic copper molybdate was not added to the pigment and filler system.

[0185] Comparative Example 6

[0186] The steel stone slabs were produced according to the method of Example 1, except that: the mixed flame retardant and color filler were added to the premixed emulsion in sequence by mass ratio. After the feeding was completed, the temperature of the reaction system was maintained at 25 to 30 °C.

[0187] Comparative Example 7

[0188] The steel stone slabs were produced according to the method of Example 1, except that: the noise reduction strengthening layer was missing.

[0189] Comparative Example 8

[0190] The steel stone slabs were produced according to the method of Example 1, except that: the chemical transition layer was missing.

[0191] The properties of the prepared steel stone slabs were tested. The test methods are as follows:

[0192] (1) Test method for flexural and compressive strength: Refer to the test method of GBT17671-1999 "Test Method for Strength of Cement Mortar (ISO Method)". Without loss of representativeness, a metal triple mold of 40 mm × 40 mm × B50 mm was used as the test mold. The slurry prepared during the production of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board was filled into the test mold and leveled. After demolding at room temperature for 2 days, it was placed in a standard mortar curing box for curing. After 28 days, the specimens were taken out for flexural and compressive tests.

[0193] (2) Test method for impermeability performance: A truncated cone metal test mold (upper diameter 70 mm, lower diameter 80 mm, height 30 mm) was used as the test mold. The test mold was placed on a thick glass plate. The slurry prepared during the production of the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board was filled into the test mold and leveled. The prepared slurry was filled to the brim of the test mold. The slurry was gently tamped with a tamping rod to remove air bubbles. After 1 - 2 hours, the excess mortar was scraped off and the surface was leveled. After demolding after two days and nights. Each group of specimens consisted of 3. After demolding, the specimens were all cured under the same conditions in the curing room until the specified age. After taking out and waiting for the surface to dry, they were sealed with a sealing material and installed in a permeameter for water permeability test. The water pressure started from 0.2 MPa and was maintained for 2 hours, then increased to 0.3 MPa, and then the water pressure was increased by 0.1 MPa every 1 hour until water seeped through the top surface of all specimens. Record the maximum water pressure of each specimen and the time (in hours) to maintain the maximum water pressure. If the water pressure increased to 1.5 MPa and the specimen still did not permeate, the pressure was no longer increased. After holding the load for 6 hours, the test was stopped.

[0194] The impermeability improvement rate was calculated according to the following formula:

[0195] K = (I - I0)×100;

[0196] I0 — coefficient of water impermeability of ordinary portland cement specimen;

[0197] I — coefficient of water impermeability of the specimen to be tested.

[0198] (3) Heat insulation and fire resistance performance test method: Test by the test method of GB / T 7633-2008 to measure the fire resistance duration and the average temperature rise on the back fire side; Conduct oxygen index test on the heat insulation and fireproof coating material according to GB 2406-80; Conduct combustion performance grade test according to GB 8624-2012 Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products and GB / T 5464-2010 Test Method for Non-combustibility of Building Materials. The combustion performance grade of the steel stone slabs in Examples 1-3 is A1.

[0199] (4) Noise reduction performance test method: Measure the average sound absorption coefficient by GB / T 14369.

[0200] The following table is a summary of all examples and comparative examples:

[0201] Table 11

[0202]

[0203] Example 4

[0204] As Figure 3-10 shown:

[0205] A steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering, with a predetermined shape: at one end, after the galvanized steel plate extends outward, it bends downward at 90°, and after the extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel stone slab, it bends inward at 90°, and then bends into a hook shape to form a hook-shaped end A1; at the other end, the galvanized steel plate extends outward and bends downward at a right angle, exceeding the thickness of the steel stone slab, and protrudes 5 steel feet arranged side by side in the length direction, so that the cross-section in the length direction of the steel stone slab is wave-like; the middle waste-based fiber reinforced board part is thicker than the two end waste-based fiber reinforced boards (0.5 cm), 1.5 cm in the middle and 1.3 cm at both ends, forming a "convex" shape.

[0206] Installation method of the steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering, mainly including the upper steel stone slab 01 and the lower steel stone slab 02.

[0207] At the vertical connection position of the upper steel stone slab 01 and the lower steel stone slab 02, there is a T-shaped angle code C2. On the top surface of the T-shaped angle code C2, there are two rows of symmetrically arranged 5 slots C4. The size of the slots C4 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the steel feet C5 at the end of the steel plate. The steel feet C5 are symmetrically connected to the slots C4. The T-shaped angle code C2 and the L-shaped angle code C1 are fixedly connected by several bolts. The L-shaped angle code C1 is fixed to the tunnel wall by expansion bolts.

[0208] The top of the upper steel stone slab 01 is connected with a U-shaped edge-sealing keel A2. The inner width of the opening is larger than the outer width of the hook-shaped end A1 of the steel stone slab. One end of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel A2 is provided with a hook-shaped bend, which is clamped and fixed to the hook-shaped end A1 through deformation. The side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel A2 close to the wall is provided with an even number of openings, and it is fixed to the tunnel wall through the expansion bolts A3 passing through the openings. The connection method of the bottom of the lower steel stone slab 02 and the top of the upper steel stone slab 01 to the tunnel wall is the same.

[0209] The middle parts of the upper steel stone slab 01 and the lower steel stone slab 02 are bonded and fixed to the L-shaped angle code B5 through the PE rubber strip B3. One side of the L-shaped angle code B1 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped angle code B5 through the hexagon bolt B4. The other side of the L-shaped angle code B1 is fixed to the tunnel wall through the expansion bolt B2.

[0210] Example 5

[0211] As Figure 11-13 shown:

[0212] A steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering, with a predetermined shape: one end has no extension; the other end has a galvanized steel plate extending downward. After the extension aligns with the bottom of the steel stone slab, it bends 90° outward and extends. When the extension length is the same as the thickness of the steel stone slab, it bends 90° upward and extends. The extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel stone slab, and the length of the excess part is at least 1.5 times the bolt diameter. There are 3 round holes 22 for bolts to pass through on the excess part; the waste-based fiber-reinforced board in the middle is 0.5 cm thicker than the two ends, 1.5 cm in the middle, and 1.3 cm at the two ends, forming a "convex" shape.

[0213] The installation method of the steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering, mainly including the upper steel stone slab 03 and the lower steel stone slab 04.

[0214] The vertical connection position of the upper steel stone slab 03 and the lower steel stone slab 04 is fixedly connected through the hexagon bolt E6 passing through the round hole 22.

[0215] The top of the upper steel stone slab 03 is clamped by the tiger-mouth edge-sealing keel D4. The tiger-mouth edge-sealing keel D4 and the L-shaped angle code D2 are connected and fixed by the bolt D3. The L-shaped angle code D2 is fixed to the tunnel wall by the expansion bolt D1; the connection method of the bottom of the lower steel stone slab 04 and the top of the upper steel stone slab 03 to the tunnel wall is the same.

[0216] The middle parts of the upper steel stone slab 03 and the lower steel stone slab 04 are bonded and fixed to the L-shaped angle code E4 through PE rubber strips. One side of the L-shaped angle code E2 is fixedly connected to another L-shaped angle code E4 through a hexagonal bolt E3, and the other side of the L-shaped angle code E2 is fixed to the tunnel wall through an expansion bolt E1.

[0217] Embodiment 6

[0218] As Figure 14-16 shown:

[0219] The predetermined shape is: at one end, after the galvanized steel plate extends outward, it bends downward by 90°, and after the extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel stone slab, it bends inward by 90°, and then bends into a hook shape to form a hook-shaped end; at the other end, the galvanized steel plate extends outward to form a horizontal extension section of the steel stone slab; the middle waste-based fiber-reinforced plate is 0.5 cm thicker than the two ends, forming a "convex" shape.

[0220] An installation method for steel stone slabs used in tunnel and underground space projects, the main body includes an upper steel stone slab 05 and a lower steel stone slab 06.

[0221] Epoxy resin is applied to the horizontal extension section J1 of the upper steel stone slab and the horizontal extension section J3 of the lower steel stone slab for butt joint.

[0222] A U-shaped edge-sealing keel G2 is connected to the top of the upper steel stone slab 05, and the inner width of the opening is greater than the outer width of the hook-shaped end G3 of the steel stone slab; a hook-shaped bend is provided at one end of one side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel G2, which is clamped and fixed to the hook-shaped end G3 by cooperation with deformation. The side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel G2 close to the wall is provided with a double number of openings, and it is fixed to the tunnel wall through expansion bolts G1 passing through the openings; the bottom of the lower steel stone slab 06 is connected to the tunnel wall in the same way as the top of the upper steel stone slab 05.

[0223] The middle parts of the upper steel stone slab 05 and the lower steel stone slab 06 are bonded and fixed to the L-shaped angle code H4 through a PE rubber strip H5. One side of the L-shaped angle code H2 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped angle code H4 through a hexagonal bolt H3, and the other side of the L-shaped angle code H2 is fixed to the tunnel wall through an expansion bolt H1.

[0224] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, aiming to enable those familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, that is, within the scope of disclosure, various deformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering, comprising a steel stone slab body, characterized in that, The steel slate body from top to bottom is successively a weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint layer, a heat-insulating and fireproof coating, a noise-reducing and strengthening layer, a galvanized steel plate, a strengthened self-adhesive layer, a chemical transition layer, a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board, and a hydrophobic and moisture-proof layer. Among them, there are several rectangular grid cloth units in the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board. The center of the grid cloth unit is a diamond-shaped grid cloth. Centered on the diamond-shaped grid cloth, diamond-shaped grid cloths or triangular grid cloths are symmetrically distributed at the four corners; The described solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board is prepared by mixing 49 - 56 parts by mass of a sulfoaluminate cement-based binder, 13 - 17 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 3 - 4 parts of short-cut polypropylene fibers, 15 - 20 parts of diatomite, and 0.3 - 0.6 parts of a composite tackifier. The diatomite is 200 mesh, and the composite tackifier is a combination of two selected from carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyacrylamide; its preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Dry mixing: First, put the sulfoaluminate cement-based binder, diatomite with a sieve residue of less than 3wt% through a 200-mesh sieve, short-cut polypropylene fibers, and the composite tackifier into a mixer for dry mixing to obtain a mixed solid powder; S2: Wet mixing: Put the mixed solid powder obtained in S1 into a homogenization tank and add water for mixing and wet mixing. The water-solid ratio is controlled within the range of 0.35 - 0.4, the wet mixing time is 90 seconds, and the wet mixing speed is greater than or equal to 600 rpm to obtain a slurry; S3: Paving and forming: Pave the slurry stirred in S2 in the order of bottom material, alkali-resistant coated grid cloth, and top material, and the thickness of the bottom material is equal to that of the top material. First, pave the bottom material, then pave the alkali-resistant coated grid cloth according to the paving method of the alkali-resistant coated grid cloth, and finally put it into an extruder for dehydration and extrusion forming to obtain a wet blank; S4: Place the wet blank obtained in S3 in a pre-curing box and carry out moisture curing at 20 - 22 °C for 4 - 8 h to obtain a blank; S5: Place the blank in S4 in an autoclave and carry out constant pressure curing at a saturated steam pressure of 0.9 - 1.1 MPa for 8 - 12 h to obtain a solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board sample; S6: Carry out drying treatment on the solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board sample in S5 to make its moisture content less than 10wt% to obtain the required solid waste-based fiber-reinforced board.

2. The steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sulfoaluminate cement-based binder is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 9 - 15 parts of gold tailings, 18 - 27 parts of alkali residue, 15 - 35 parts of red mud, 10 - 20 parts of aluminum ash, 11 - 17 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 1.1 - 6 parts of a corrector; The corrector includes an iron-based corrector and a calcium-based corrector. The iron-based corrector is 0.6 - 3 parts of pyrite slag, and the calcium-based corrector is 0.5 - 4 parts of carbide slag; The preparation method of the described sulfoaluminate cement-based binder is: S1: Wet-grind the gold tailings, alkali residue, red mud, and aluminum ash in parts by mass by adding water. When the total moisture content of the materials is 60% - 70%, complete the grinding using a wet grinder, and control the fineness to have a sieve residue rate of less than 0.8% through a 0.2 mm sieve; S2: Carry out stirring and composition correction in a homogenization tank for about 6 h. Composition correction means adding an appropriate amount of a corrector to obtain a uniform slurry; S3: Dehydrate through mechanical pressure filtration, control the pressure filtration temperature at 50 - 80 °C to obtain raw materials, and the moisture content after dehydration is 20% - 25%; S4: Put the raw materials into a rotary kiln and calcine at 1300 - 1350 °C for 60 - 80 min to obtain sulfoaluminate cement clinker; S5: Crush the clinker, add dry desulfurized gypsum and grind it. The standard for grinding the sulfoaluminate cement clinker is that the residue on a 80μm sieve is not more than 4 wt.%, and the required sulfoaluminate cementitious material is obtained.

3. A steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The noise reduction and strengthening layer is prepared from the following raw materials: 10 - 14 parts of starch, 2.5 - 3 parts of auxiliary glue, 1.2 - 1.4 parts of glycerol, 4.2 - 4.8 parts of inorganic filler, 30 parts of ionic water, and 40 - 55 parts of alcohol solution. The starch is one or any combination of potato starch, purple sweet potato starch, corn starch, and wheat starch. The auxiliary glue is carrageenan or gelatin. The inorganic filler includes one or any combination of nano - silica and montmorillonite. The alcohol solution is a solution with 45% polyether polyol as the solute; The preparation method of the noise reduction and strengthening layer includes the following steps: S1: Mix the inorganic filler and the alcohol solution and stir evenly to obtain a mixed solution; S2: Take ionic water and add glycerol. Under mechanical stirring, then add starch and auxiliary glue, and stir quickly and evenly to obtain a viscous liquid; S3: Mix the mixed solution of S1 and the viscous liquid of S2, heat and stir to obtain a transparent viscous gel; S4: Transfer the transparent viscous gel obtained in S3 to a constant temperature water bath at 50 °C to 80 °C, keep it and stir evenly for 42 - 50 min, then pour it into a container to cool and obtain a gel; S5: Put the gel obtained in S4 into a refrigerator at - 40 °C to 5 °C for pre - freezing for 5 - 10 h, then put it into a freeze - dryer with a vacuum degree lower than 180 Pa and a temperature of - 25 °C to - 10 °C for freeze - drying to obtain a plant polysaccharide aerogel, which is the material of the noise reduction and strengthening layer.

4. The steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 1, wherein The raw materials of the chemical transition layer are composed of the following mass parts: plasticizer 0 - 7.5 parts; surfactant 3.30 - 3.50 parts; solvent 5.40 - 12.50 parts; acrylic acid 13.0 - 23.0 parts; dispersant 0.1 - 0.2 parts; filler 2.50 - 9.25 parts; adhesive 0 - 23.0 parts; leveling agent 0.1 - 0.2 parts; methanol 0 - 3.00 parts; The plasticizer is n - butanol; the surfactant is ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the solvent is a dibasic acid ester or cyclohexanone; the dispersant is triethylhexyl phosphate; the filler is a mixed powder uniformly stirred from nano - silica, precipitated barium sulfate, talc powder, and perlite according to a mass ratio of 0.3:1:1.5:1.5; the adhesive is bisphenol A glycidyl ether - type epoxy resin, and the leveling agent is carboxymethyl cellulose.

5. A steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The predetermined shape of the steel stone slab is: The first predetermined shape is as follows: at one end, after the galvanized steel plate extends outward, it bends downward by 90° and extends. After the extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel stone slab, it bends inward by 90° and extends, and then bends into a hook shape to form a hook-shaped end; at the other end, the galvanized steel plate extends outward and bends downward at a right angle, exceeding the thickness of the steel stone slab, and protruding 5 steel feet arranged side by side in the length direction; the middle waste-based fiber-reinforced plate part is thicker than the waste-based fiber-reinforced plate at both ends, forming a "convex" shape; The second predetermined shape is as follows: at one end, there is no extension; at the other end, the galvanized steel plate extends downward. After the extension aligns with the bottom of the steel stone slab, it bends outward by 90° and extends. When the extension length is the same as the thickness of the steel stone slab, it bends upward by 90° and extends. The extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel stone slab, and the length of the exceeded part is at least 1.5 times the bolt diameter. There are 3 round holes for the bolt to pass through on the exceeded part; the middle waste-based fiber-reinforced plate part is thicker than the waste-based fiber-reinforced plate at both ends, forming a "convex" shape; The third predetermined shape is as follows: at one end, after the galvanized steel plate extends outward, it bends downward by 90° and extends. After the extension length exceeds the thickness of the steel stone slab, it bends inward by 90° and extends, and then bends into a hook shape to form a hook-shaped end; at the other end, the galvanized steel plate extends outward to form an extended section of the steel stone slab; the middle waste-based fiber-reinforced plate part is thicker than the waste-based fiber-reinforced plate at both ends, forming a "convex" shape.

6. The steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 5, wherein The main body includes a first upper steel stone slab (01) and a first lower steel stone slab (02), and both the first upper steel stone slab (01) and the first lower steel stone slab (02) are of the first predetermined shape; At the vertical connection position of the first upper steel stone slab (01) and the first lower steel stone slab (02), there is a T-shaped angle code (C2). There are two rows of symmetrically arranged 5 slots (C4) on the top surface of the T-shaped angle code (C2). The size of the slots (C4) is larger than the cross-sectional size of the steel feet (C5) at the end of the steel plate. The steel feet (C5) are symmetrically connected to the slots (C4). The T-shaped angle code (C2) and the L-shaped angle code C1 are fixedly connected by several bolts, and the L-shaped angle code C1 is fixed to the tunnel wall through expansion bolts; At the top of the first upper steel stone slab (01), there is a U-shaped edge-sealing keel A2, and the inner width of the opening is larger than the outer width of the hook-shaped end A1 of the steel stone slab; one end of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel A2 is provided with a hook-shaped bend, which is clamped and fixed with the hook-shaped end A1 by cooperation and deformation. There are an even number of openings on the side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel A2 close to the wall, and it is fixed to the tunnel wall through the expansion bolt A3 passing through the openings; the bottom of the first lower steel stone slab (02) is connected to the tunnel wall in the same way as the top of the first upper steel stone slab (01); The middle parts of the first upper steel stone slab (01) and the first lower steel stone slab (02) are bonded and fixed to the L-shaped angle code B5 through a PE rubber strip B3. One side of the L-shaped angle code B1 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped angle code B5 through a hexagon bolt B4, and the other side of the L-shaped angle code B1 is fixed to the tunnel wall through an expansion bolt B2.

7. The steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that The main body includes a second upper steel stone slab (03) and a second lower steel stone slab (04), and both the second upper steel stone slab (03) and the second lower steel stone slab (04) are of the second predetermined shape; The vertical connection position between the second upper steel stone slab (03) and the second lower steel stone slab (04) is fixedly connected by a hexagon bolt E6 passing through the round hole (22). The top of the second upper steel stone slab (03) is clamped by a tiger mouth edge-sealing keel (D4). The tiger mouth edge-sealing keel (D4) and the L-shaped angle code D2 are fixedly connected by a bolt (D3). The L-shaped angle code D2 is fixed on the tunnel wall by an expansion bolt D1. The bottom of the second lower steel stone slab (04) is connected to the tunnel wall in the same way as the top of the second upper steel stone slab (03). The middle parts of the second upper steel stone slab (03) and the second lower steel stone slab (04) are fixedly bonded to the L-shaped angle code E4 by a PE rubber strip. One side of the L-shaped angle code E2 is fixedly connected to another L-shaped angle code E4 by a hexagon bolt E3. The other side of the L-shaped angle code E2 is fixed to the tunnel wall by an expansion bolt E1.

8. The steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main body includes a third upper steel stone slab (05) and a third lower steel stone slab (06). Both the third upper steel stone slab (05) and the third lower steel stone slab (06) are of a third predetermined shape. The upper steel stone slab extension section (J1) and the lower steel stone slab extension section (J3) are butted after being coated with epoxy resin. A U-shaped edge-sealing keel G2 is connected to the top of the third upper steel stone slab (05). The inner width of the opening is greater than the outer width of the hook-shaped end G3 of the steel stone slab. One end of one side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel G2 is provided with a hook-shaped bend, which is clamped and fixed to the hook-shaped end G3 by cooperation with deformation. The side of the U-shaped edge-sealing keel G2 close to the wall is provided with an even number of openings, and it is fixed to the tunnel wall by an expansion bolt G1 passing through the openings. The bottom of the third lower steel stone slab (06) is connected to the tunnel wall in the same way as the top of the third upper steel stone slab (05). The middle parts of the third upper steel stone slab (05) and the third lower steel stone slab (06) are fixedly bonded to the L-shaped angle code H4 by a PE rubber strip H5. One side of the L-shaped angle code H2 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped angle code H4 by a hexagon bolt H3. The other side of the L-shaped angle code H2 is fixed to the tunnel wall by an expansion bolt H1.

9. The production process of the steel stone slab for tunnel and underground space engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Produce the solid waste-based fiber reinforced board according to the steps. (2) Stamp the galvanized steel sheet and cut it into the required shape. (3) Produce the materials required for the noise reduction and strengthening layer according to the steps. (4) Produce the heat insulation and fireproof coating materials according to the steps. (5) First, evenly apply the chemical transition layer material on the surface of the above-mentioned solid waste-based fiber reinforced board, let it stand to form a chemical transition layer, then apply the enhanced self-adhesive material on the smooth side of the galvanized steel sheet, and use a machine to extrude and let stand the galvanized steel sheet and the solid waste-based fiber reinforced board, and an enhanced self-adhesive layer is formed between the galvanized steel sheet and the solid waste-based fiber reinforced board. (6) Uniformly apply the noise reduction and strengthening layer material, heat insulation and fireproof coating, and weather-resistant fluorocarbon paint on the surface of the galvanized steel sheet in sequence. Use any one of brushing, spraying, dipping or scraping for construction, either manually or mechanically sprayed, and then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized. (7) Apply the hydrophobic and moisture-proof layer material on the back of the fiber cement board that is not bonded to the galvanized steel sheet and on the four frame surfaces, either manually or mechanically sprayed, and then let it stand until the surface is dry and plasticized, and the assembly of the steel stone slab is completed. (8) Stick the reflective strip at the set position on the surface of the steel stone slab, and the production of the steel stone slab is completed.

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