An optimization method for building-level distributed energy systems based on thermoelectric matching characteristics

Abstract

The optimization method of the building-level distributed energy system based on the thermoelectric matching characteristics provided by the present invention includes: (1) obtaining the configuration and operation data of the energy supply station; (2) defining the thermal matching characteristics and the electrical matching characteristics; (3) calculating the evaluation indexes of the thermal matching characteristics and the electrical matching characteristics; (4) calculating the economic indexes of the energy supply station; (5) giving the comprehensive evaluation and transformation plan of the energy supply station. The optimization method of the building-level distributed energy system based on the thermoelectric matching characteristics provided by the present invention can intuitively reflect the energy matching degree between the designed energy supply station and the applied building by introducing the evaluation indexes of the thermoelectric matching characteristics, so as to provide guiding suggestions for the design or upgrade and transformation of the energy supply station and ensure the effective and full utilization of energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an energy supply system, and particularly to the system optimization of distributed energy. Background Art

[0002] The distributed energy system encompasses a variety of single energy systems with different performance characteristics. How to overall plan multiple heterogeneous energy subsystems is the key to the efficient operation of the distributed energy system. Currently, the design of the distributed energy system is mainly based on energy indicators, economic indicators, and environmental indicators to determine the optimal combination of various energy conversion technologies and the optimal allocation of energy resources. The most common energy indicators, economic indicators, and environmental indicators are the primary energy savings rate, the annual cost savings rate, and the carbon dioxide emission reduction rate respectively. The patent number is CN110333660A, and the patent name is a multi-objective optimization method for a combined cooling, heating, and power supply system, which comprehensively considers the performance in terms of economy, environmental protection, and energy utilization rate, and establishes an optimal scheduling model for the combined cooling, heating, and power supply system.

[0003] Although these indicators can objectively reflect the advantages of the distributed energy system compared with the traditional energy system, it is worthy of attention whether there is still the possibility of further optimization for the existing energy system. If we want to further explore the potential of the distributed energy system, we must consider how to transform the existing system from the perspective of the matching degree between energy supply and energy demand. Because when the matching degree between the two is low, the distributed energy system may have a situation of insufficient production capacity or overproduction capacity. Among them, for heat energy, the excess heat energy is generally discharged into the environment, and the deficit heat energy is generally supplemented by a gas boiler, which will lead to energy waste or reduced utilization level; for electric energy, the excess electric energy is generally sold to the municipal power grid, and the deficit electric energy is generally supplemented by the municipal power grid, which will inevitably increase the dependence on the power grid and impact the stable operation of the power grid. However, the above-mentioned widely used indicators cannot intuitively reflect the matching degree between the designed system and the applied building. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an optimization method for a building-level distributed energy system based on the thermoelectric matching characteristics. It comprehensively considers two perspectives of heat matching characteristics and electric matching characteristics, evaluates the design and operation status of the distributed energy station by defining and calculating four indicators: the electricity supplement rate, the abandoned electricity quantity, the heat supplement rate, and the abandoned heat quantity, synchronously considers the economic indicators of the energy supply station, and finally clearly proposes an optimization plan for the distributed energy station.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the optimization method for a building-level distributed energy system based on the thermoelectric matching characteristics provided by the present invention includes:

[0006] (1) Obtain the configuration and operation data of the energy supply station;

[0007] (2) Define the thermal matching characteristics and electrical matching characteristics;

[0008] (3) Calculate the evaluation indexes of the thermal matching characteristics and electrical matching characteristics;

[0009] (4) Calculate the economic indexes of the energy supply station;

[0010] (5) Give the comprehensive evaluation and renovation plan of the energy supply station.

[0011] Furthermore, the configuration of the distributed energy supply station includes power supply equipment, heat supply equipment and cooling supply equipment, and the operation data is the hourly working state of the energy supply equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the thermal matching characteristics consist of two parts: the heat supplement rate and the waste heat quantity. Among them, the heat supplement rate is the proportion of the heat supplemented by the gas boiler in the heat demand, and the waste heat quantity is the heat directly discharged by the energy supply station into the surrounding environment.

[0013] Furthermore, the calculation of the thermal matching characteristics includes the calculation formula of the heat supplement rate and the calculation formula of the waste heat quantity. Among them, the calculation formula of the heat supplement rate is:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, η h,sup is the heat supplement rate; Q b,i is the heat demand at the i-th moment; Q re,i is the heat provided by the equipment driven by renewable energy at the i-th moment; Q nre,i is the heat provided by the equipment driven by non-renewable energy at the i-th moment; T is the calculation period. Here, the equipment driven by renewable energy mainly includes solar thermal panels, solar photovoltaic / thermal panels, etc.; the equipment driven by non-renewable energy mainly includes gas turbines and gas internal combustion engines fueled by natural gas, etc.; and

[0016] The calculation formula of the waste heat quantity is:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, Q was is the total heat directly discharged by the energy supply station into the surrounding environment; Q was,re,i is the heat directly discharged by the equipment driven by renewable energy into the surrounding environment at the i-th moment, and this part of the heat is caused by the uncontrollability of natural resources; Q was,nre,i is the heat directly discharged by the equipment driven by non-renewable energy into the surrounding environment at the i-th moment, and this part of the heat is caused by the mismatch between the thermoelectric supply and demand of the equipment;

[0019] Furthermore, the electrical matching characteristics consist of two parts: the electricity replenishment rate and the electricity rejection amount. Among them, the electricity replenishment rate is the proportion of the electricity replenished by the municipal power grid in the electricity demand, and the electricity rejection amount is the electricity directly transported from the energy supply station to the municipal power grid.

[0020] Furthermore, the calculation of the electrical matching characteristics includes the calculation formula for the electricity replenishment rate and the calculation formula for the electricity rejection amount, where: the calculation formula for the electricity replenishment rate is:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, η e,sup is the electricity replenishment rate; E b,i is the electricity demand at the i-th moment; E re,i is the electricity provided by the equipment driven by renewable energy at the i-th moment; E nre,i is the electricity provided by the equipment driven by non-renewable energy at the i-th moment. Here, the equipment driven by renewable energy mainly includes solar photovoltaic panels, solar photovoltaic / thermal panels, wind turbines, etc.; the equipment driven by non-renewable energy mainly includes gas turbines and gas internal combustion engines fueled by natural gas, etc.; and

[0023] The calculation formula for the electricity rejection amount is:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, E was is the total electricity directly transported from the energy supply station to the municipal power grid; E was,re,i is the electricity directly transported from the equipment driven by renewable energy to the municipal power grid at the i-th moment, and this part of the electricity is caused by the uncontrollability of natural resources; E was,nre,i is the electricity directly transported from the equipment driven by non-renewable energy to the municipal power grid at the i-th moment, and this part of the electricity is caused by the mismatch between the thermal power supply and the thermal power demand of the equipment.

[0026] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the economic indicators of the energy supply station is as follows:

[0027] C total = C inv + C mai + C e + C gas - S e

[0028] In the formula, C total is the annual total cost of the energy supply station; C inv is the annual investment cost of the newly introduced equipment; C mai is the annual maintenance cost of the newly introduced equipment; C e is the annual electricity purchase cost; C gasis the annual natural gas purchase cost; S e is the annual electricity sales revenue. Since this mainly discusses the change in the annual total cost of the energy supply station after renovation compared to that before renovation, the investment cost and maintenance cost of the existing equipment in the energy supply station are not included in the calculation.

[0029] Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation and renovation plan of the energy supply station includes:

[0030] Obtain the calculation results of the four evaluation indicators described in Table 1 below:

[0031] Table 1: Comprehensive Evaluation and Preliminary Renovation Suggestions for Energy Supply Station

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] According to the above situation, analyze the problems existing in the energy station and give a renovation plan: add or renovate a certain energy equipment, specifically as follows:

[0035] Situation 1: The heat / electricity supply of the energy supply station is equal to the heat / electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station can match the applied building well and does not need to be renovated;

[0036] Situation 2: The heat supply of the energy supply station is less than the heat demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to add heating equipment to increase the heat energy supply. Specific renovation plans are as follows: (1) Introduce solar thermal + hot water storage tank: Solar thermal is a clean heating equipment, and its driving energy is widely distributed and rich in reserves; at the same time, considering the characteristics of large fluctuations and strong randomness of solar energy, it is usually combined with a hot water storage tank to improve the stability of its output. (2) Introduce heat pump + photovoltaic + battery: A heat pump is an energy-efficient device that transfers heat from a low-temperature object to a high-temperature object by inputting a small amount of high-grade energy; at the same time, considering that the heat pump will increase the additional electricity demand, it can be used together with photovoltaic and battery;

[0037] Situation 3: The heat supply of the energy supply station is greater than the heat demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the heat energy supply. Specific renovation plan: Adjust the operation strategy of the unit. In addition, make further improvements in combination with the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station;

[0038] Situation 4: The electricity supply of the energy supply station is less than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to add power supply equipment to increase the electricity supply. Specific renovation plan: Introduce photovoltaic and battery;

[0039] Situation 5: The power supply of the energy supply station is greater than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the power supply. Specific renovation plan: Adjust the operation strategy of the unit. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station, make further improvements;

[0040] Situation 6: There is both heat supplementation and heat rejection in the energy supply station. At this time, there is a problem of temporal mismatch in the supply and demand of heat energy in the energy supply station. Specific renovation plan: Introduce a hot water storage tank and adjust through the cross-time transfer of heat energy. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station, make further improvements;

[0041] Situation 7: The heat supply of the energy supply station is less than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is less than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to increase heat supply equipment to supplement the shortage of heat and power supply equipment to supplement the shortage of electricity. Specific renovation plan: Refer to the renovation plans in Situations 2 and 4;

[0042] Situation 8: The heat supply of the energy supply station is less than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is greater than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to increase heat supply equipment to increase the heat energy supply and reduce the power supply. Specific renovation plan: Introduce a heat pump unit and use the excess electricity to supplement the shortage of heat. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station, make further improvements;

[0043] Situation 9: The heat supply of the energy supply station is greater than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is less than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the heat energy supply and increase power supply equipment to increase the power supply. Specific renovation plan: Introduce an organic Rankine cycle (the organic Rankine cycle uses medium and low-temperature waste heat as the driving heat source for power generation, which can realize the recovery and reuse of waste heat and improve energy utilization efficiency), and use the excess heat energy to supplement the shortage of electricity. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station, make further improvements;

[0044] Situation 10: The heat supply of the energy supply station is greater than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is greater than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the heat energy and power supply. Specific renovation plan: Adjust the operation strategy of the unit. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station, make further improvements;

[0045] Situation 11: There is both electricity supplementation and electricity rejection in the energy supply station. At this time, there is a problem of temporal mismatch in the supply and demand of electric energy in the energy supply station. Specific renovation plan: Introduce a storage battery and adjust through the cross-time transfer of electric energy. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station, make further improvements;

[0046] Scenario 12: There is both heat supplement and heat waste in the energy supply station, and the power supply is less than the power demand. At this time, there is a problem of temporal mismatch between the supply and demand of heat energy in the energy supply station. Meanwhile, power supply equipment needs to be added to increase the power supply. Specific renovation plan: Refer to the renovation plans in Scenarios 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 9;

[0047] Scenario 13: There is both heat supplement and heat waste in the energy supply station, and the power supply is greater than the power demand. At this time, there is a problem of temporal mismatch between the supply and demand of heat energy in the energy supply station. Meanwhile, the power supply needs to be reduced. Specific renovation plan: Refer to the renovation plans in Scenarios 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 10;

[0048] Scenario 14: There is both power supplement and power waste in the energy supply station, and the heat supply is less than the heat demand. At this time, there is a problem of temporal mismatch between the supply and demand of electrical energy in the energy supply station. Meanwhile, heating equipment needs to be added to supplement the shortage of heat. Specific renovation plan: Refer to the renovation plans in Scenarios 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11;

[0049] Scenario 15: There is both power supplement and power waste in the energy supply station, and the heat supply is greater than the heat demand. At this time, there is a problem of temporal mismatch between the supply and demand of electrical energy in the energy supply station. Meanwhile, the heat supply needs to be reduced. Specific renovation plan: Refer to the renovation plans in Scenarios 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, and 11;

[0050] Scenario 16: There are both power supplement and power waste, as well as heat supplement and heat waste in the energy supply station. At this time, there are problems of temporal mismatch between the supply and demand of both electrical and heat energy in the energy supply station. Specific renovation plan: Refer to any one of the renovation plans in the above Scenarios 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.

[0051] An optimization method for a building-level distributed energy system based on the characteristics of thermoelectric matching provided by the present invention can intuitively reflect the energy matching degree between the designed energy supply station and the applied building by introducing an evaluation index for the characteristics of thermoelectric matching, thereby providing guiding suggestions for the design or upgrade renovation of the energy supply station and ensuring the effective and full utilization of energy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0052] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an optimization method for a building-level distributed energy system based on the characteristics of thermoelectric matching of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the building's cooling, heating, and power loads of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the building's thermoelectric demand of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the influence of the installed capacity of the hot water storage tank in an embodiment of the present invention on the performance of the energy supply station.

[0056] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the influence of the installed capacity of the battery in another embodiment of the present invention on the performance of the energy supply station. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0058] The detailed implementation manners of an optimization method for a building-level distributed energy system based on the thermoelectric matching characteristics of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] 1. Obtain the configuration and operation data of the energy supply station

[0060] Taking a certain hotel in Shanghai as an example in an embodiment of the present invention. The hotel uses an internal combustion engine with a rated power of 300 kW and a lithium bromide unit as the core equipment, and the municipal power grid and a gas boiler with a rated power of 370 kW as auxiliary equipment to meet its annual cooling, heating and power demands. Among them, the operation strategy of the internal combustion engine is to run continuously at the rated power. In addition, the annual cooling, heating and power loads of the hotel are as Figure 2 shown, and the corresponding heating and power demands are as Figure 3 shown. Here, the heat demand refers to the heat required by the lithium bromide unit to meet the heating and cooling loads of the hotel, and the power demand refers to the electrical load of the hotel.

[0061] 2. Define the heat matching characteristics and the electrical matching characteristics

[0062] 2.1 First, the heat matching characteristics are defined as consisting of two parts: the heat supplement rate and the waste heat quantity. The heat supplement rate is the proportion of the heat supplemented by the gas boiler in the heat demand. When the heat supply of the internal combustion engine is less than the heat demand, the heat supplement rate is greater than 0; when the heat supply of the internal combustion engine is greater than or equal to the heat demand, the heat supplement rate is equal to 0. The waste heat quantity is the heat directly discharged by the energy supply station into the surrounding environment; when the heat supply of the internal combustion engine is less than or equal to the heat demand, the waste heat quantity is equal to 0; when the heat supply of the internal combustion engine is greater than the heat demand, the waste heat quantity is greater than 0.

[0063] 2.2 In addition, the electrical matching characteristics are defined as consisting of two parts: the power supplement rate and the waste power quantity. The power supplement rate is the proportion of the power supplemented by the municipal power grid in the power demand. When the power supply of the internal combustion engine is less than the power demand, the power supplement rate is greater than 0; when the power supply of the internal combustion engine is greater than or equal to the power demand, the power supplement rate is equal to 0. The waste power quantity is the power directly transmitted by the energy supply station to the municipal power grid; when the power supply of the internal combustion engine is less than or equal to the power demand, the waste power quantity is equal to 0; when the power supply of the internal combustion engine is greater than the power demand, the waste power quantity is greater than 0.

[0064] 3. Calculate the evaluation indexes of the heat matching characteristics and the electrical matching characteristics

[0065] 3.1 The calculation formula of the evaluation index of the heat matching characteristics is as follows:

[0066] (1) The calculation formula for the heat supplement rate is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, η h,sup is the heat supplement rate; Q b,i is the heat demand at the i-th moment; Q gt,i is the heat supply of the internal combustion engine at the i-th moment; E gt,i is the power generation of the internal combustion engine at the i-th moment; η e,gt is the power generation efficiency of the internal combustion engine; η h,gt is the heat production efficiency of the internal combustion engine; T is the operating time, 8760 hours.

[0069] (2) The calculation formula for the waste heat quantity is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, Q was is the total heat directly discharged from the energy supply station to the surrounding environment.

[0072] 3.2 The calculation formulas for the evaluation indexes of the electricity matching characteristics are as follows:

[0073] (1) The calculation formula for the electricity supplement rate is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, η e,sup is the electricity supplement rate; E b,i is the electricity demand at the i-th moment.

[0076] (2) The calculation formula for the waste electricity quantity is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, E was is the total electricity directly transported from the energy supply station to the municipal power grid.

[0079] 4. Calculate the economic indexes of the above energy supply station

[0080] The calculation formula for the economic indexes is as follows:

[0081] C total = C inv + C mai + C e + C gas - S e

[0082] In the formula, C totalis the annual total cost of the energy supply station; C inv is the annual investment cost of the newly introduced equipment; C mai is the annual maintenance cost of the newly introduced equipment; C e is the annual electricity purchase cost; C gas is the annual natural gas purchase cost; S e is the annual electricity sales revenue. Since this mainly discusses the change in the annual total cost of the energy supply station after renovation compared to that before renovation, the investment cost and maintenance cost of the existing equipment (internal combustion engine, lithium bromide unit, gas boiler) in the energy supply station are not included.

[0083] 5. Give a comprehensive evaluation of the energy supply station and renovation suggestions

[0084] 5.1 The following Table 2 gives the calculation results of the above four evaluation indicators for the studied case. It can be seen that the internal combustion engine running continuously at the rated power can basically meet the annual thermoelectric demand, and the heat supplement rate and electricity supplement rate are only 1.69% and 0.40% respectively. However, due to the random fluctuation characteristics of the annual thermoelectric demand, the overproduction characteristic of the energy supply station is very obvious, with the waste heat reaching 3,706,742 kW and the waste electricity reaching 1,601,255 kW. To sum up, the production capacity characteristic of the studied case belongs to situation (16). Therefore, the renovation plan is to introduce a hot water storage tank and a battery.

[0085] Table 2: Evaluation indicators for thermoelectric matching characteristics

[0086] Heat supplement rate (%) Waste heat quantity (kW) Electricity supplement rate (%) Waste electricity quantity (kW) 1.69 3706742 0.40 1601255

[0087] 5.2 Figure 4 Describes the performance of the energy supply station corresponding to hot water storage tanks of different capacities. It can be seen that the heat supplement rate and waste heat of the energy supply station gradually decrease with the increase of the hot water storage tank capacity. At the same time, the annual total cost also gradually decreases, which means that the benefits brought by the hot water storage tank are greater than its investment cost and maintenance cost. With the further increase of the hot water storage tank capacity, although the heat supplement rate and waste heat will further decrease, the annual total cost will gradually increase, which means that the benefits brought by the hot water storage tank have decreased. When the hot water storage tank capacity reaches 1100 kWh, the heat supplement rate is equal to 0, which means that the energy supply station composed of an internal combustion engine and a hot water storage tank can meet the building heat demand and does not require a gas boiler to provide heat. After that, with the continuous increase of the hot water storage tank capacity, although the waste heat will still further decrease, the heat stored in the hot water storage tank will not be fully utilized. Instead, due to the excessive installed capacity, the annual total cost gradually increases. Therefore, the recommended installed capacity of the hot water storage tank is 700 kWh. At this time, the annual total cost is 3,477,624 yuan, the heat supplement rate is 0.07%, and the waste heat is 3,681,522 kW. Compared with the energy supply station without a hot water storage tank, the annual total cost, heat supplement rate, and waste heat are reduced by 0.24%, 95.86%, and 0.68% respectively.

[0088] Figure 5 It depicts the performance of the energy supply station corresponding to energy storage batteries with different capacities (the capacity of the hot water storage tank is 700 kWh). It can be seen that as the capacity of the energy storage battery increases, the charging replenishment rate and the amount of discarded electricity gradually decrease, while the annual total cost gradually increases, which means that the benefits brought by the energy storage battery are less than its investment cost and maintenance cost. Therefore, the recommended installed capacity of the energy storage battery is 0 kWh.

[0089] Based on the above analysis, for the case under study, the specific renovation plan is as follows: introduce a 700 kWh hot water storage tank and a 0 kWh energy storage battery.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions of the present invention does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optimization method for a building-level distributed energy system based on the thermoelectric matching characteristics, characterized in that Including: (1) Obtain the configuration and operation data of the energy supply station; (2) Define the heat matching characteristics and electricity matching characteristics; (3) Calculate the evaluation indexes of the heat matching characteristics and electricity matching characteristics; (4) Calculate the economic indexes of the energy supply station; (5) Give the comprehensive evaluation and renovation plan of the energy supply station, and the renovation plan is selected with the annual total cost as the constraint. Among them, the heat matching characteristics consist of two parts: the heat supplement rate and the waste heat quantity. The heat supplement rate is the proportion of the heat supplemented by the gas boiler in the heat demand. And the waste heat quantity is the heat directly discharged by the energy supply station into the surrounding environment. The calculation of the heat matching characteristics includes the calculation formula of the heat supplement rate and the calculation formula of the waste heat quantity. The calculation formula of the heat supplement rate is: where η h,sup is the heat compensation rate; Q b,i is the heat demand at the i-th moment; Q re,i is the heat provided by the device driven by renewable energy at the i-th moment; Q nre,i is the heat provided by the device driven by non-renewable energy at the i-th moment; T is the calculation period. Here, the devices driven by renewable energy include solar photovoltaic / thermal panels; the devices driven by non-renewable energy include gas turbines and gas internal combustion engines fueled by natural gas; and The calculation formula of the waste heat quantity is: where Q was is the total heat directly discharged from the energy supply station into the surrounding environment; Q was,re,i is the heat directly discharged from the equipment driven by renewable energy into the surrounding environment at the i-th moment. This part of the heat is caused by the uncontrollability of natural resources; Q was,nre,i is the heat directly discharged from the equipment driven by non-renewable energy into the surrounding environment at the i-th moment. This part of the heat is caused by the mismatch between the thermoelectric supply and demand of the equipment. And, among them, the electricity matching characteristics consist of two parts: the electricity supplement rate and the waste electricity quantity. The electricity supplement rate is the proportion of the electricity supplemented by the municipal power grid in the electricity demand. And the waste electricity quantity is the electricity directly transmitted by the energy supply station to the municipal power grid. The calculation of the electricity matching characteristics includes the calculation formula of the electricity supplement rate and the calculation formula of the waste electricity quantity. The calculation formula of the electricity supplement rate is: where η e,sup is the charging rate; E b,i is the electricity demand at the i-th moment; E re,i is the electricity provided by the device driven by renewable energy at the i-th moment; E nre,i is the electricity provided by the device driven by non-renewable energy at the i-th moment. Here, the devices driven by renewable energy include solar photovoltaic / thermal panels and wind turbines; the devices driven by non-renewable energy include gas turbines and gas internal combustion engines fueled by natural gas; and The calculation formula of the waste electricity quantity is: where, E was is the total electricity directly transmitted from the energy supply station to the municipal power grid; E was,re,i is the electricity directly transmitted from the device driven by renewable energy to the municipal power grid at the i-th moment. This part of the electricity is caused by the uncontrollability of natural resources; E was,nre,i is the electricity directly transmitted from the device driven by non-renewable energy to the municipal power grid at the i-th moment. This part of the electricity is caused by the mismatch between the thermoelectric supply and demand of the device, Furthermore, the calculation formula for calculating the economic indexes of the energy supply station is as follows: C total = C inv + C mai + C e + C gas - S e Where, C total is the annual total cost of the energy supply station; C inv is the annual investment cost of the newly introduced equipment; C mai is the annual maintenance cost of the newly introduced equipment; C e is the annual electricity purchase cost; C gas is the annual natural gas purchase cost; S e is the annual electricity sales revenue.

2. The optimization method of a building-level distributed energy system based on thermoelectric matching characteristics according to claim 1, wherein, The configuration of the energy supply station includes power supply equipment, heat supply equipment and cooling supply equipment, and the operation data is the hourly working state of the energy supply station.

3. The optimization method of a building-level distributed energy system based on thermoelectric matching characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that The giving of the comprehensive evaluation and renovation plan of the energy supply station includes:

1. Obtain the calculation results of the above four evaluation indexes:

2. According to the above situation, analyze the problems existing in the energy station and give the following renovation plan: increase or transform a certain energy equipment: Situation 1: The heat supply of the energy supply station is equal to the heat demand. At this time, the energy supply station can match the applied building well, and the energy supply station does not need to be renovated; Situation 2: The heat supply of the energy supply station is less than the heat demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to increase the heat supply equipment to increase the heat energy supply. Renovation plan: (1) Introduce solar thermal + hot water storage tank: Solar thermal is a clean heat supply equipment, and its driving energy has the characteristics of wide distribution and rich reserves; at the same time, considering the characteristics of large fluctuations and strong randomness of solar energy, it is usually combined with a hot water storage tank to improve the stability of its output. (2) Introduce heat pump + photovoltaic + battery: A heat pump is an energy-saving device that transfers the heat of a low-temperature object to a high-temperature object by inputting a small amount of high-grade energy; at the same time, considering that the heat pump will increase the additional electricity demand, it can be used together with photovoltaic and battery; Situation 3: The heat supply of the energy supply station is greater than the heat demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the heat energy supply. Renovation plan: Adjust the operation strategy of the unit. In addition, further improvement is made in combination with the supply-demand relationship of the renovated energy supply station; Situation 4: The power supply of the energy supply station is less than the power demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to increase the power supply equipment to increase the power supply. Renovation plan: Introduce photovoltaic and battery; Situation 5: The power supply of the energy supply station is greater than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the power supply. Retrofit plan: Adjust the operation strategy of the unit. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the retrofitted energy supply station, make further improvements; Situation 6: There is both heat replenishment and heat waste in the energy supply station. At this time, there is a problem of time mismatch in the supply and demand of heat energy in the energy supply station. Retrofit plan: Introduce a hot water storage tank and adjust through the cross-time transfer of heat energy. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the retrofitted energy supply station, make further improvements; Situation 7: The heat supply of the energy supply station is less than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is less than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to increase heating equipment to supplement the shortage of heat and power supply equipment to supplement the shortage of electricity. Retrofit plan: Refer to the retrofit plans of Situations 2 and 4; Situation 8: The heat supply of the energy supply station is less than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is greater than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to increase heating equipment to increase the heat supply and reduce the power supply. Retrofit plan: Introduce a heat pump unit and use the excess electricity to supplement the shortage of heat. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the retrofitted energy supply station, make further improvements; Situation 9: The heat supply of the energy supply station is greater than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is less than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the heat supply and increase power supply equipment to increase the power supply. Retrofit plan: Introduce an organic Rankine cycle. The organic Rankine cycle uses medium and low temperature waste heat as the driving heat source for power generation, which can realize the recovery and reuse of waste heat, improve energy utilization efficiency, and use the excess heat to supplement the shortage of electricity. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the retrofitted energy supply station, make further improvements; Situation 10: The heat supply of the energy supply station is greater than the heat demand, and at the same time, the power supply is greater than the electricity demand. At this time, the energy supply station needs to reduce the heat and power supply. Retrofit plan: Adjust the operation strategy of the unit. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the retrofitted energy supply station, make further improvements; Situation 11: There is both electricity replenishment and electricity waste in the energy supply station. At this time, there is a problem of time mismatch in the supply and demand of electric energy in the energy supply station. Retrofit plan: Introduce a storage battery and adjust through the cross-time transfer of electric energy. In addition, based on the supply-demand relationship of the retrofitted energy supply station, make further improvements; Situation 12: There is both heat replenishment and heat waste in the energy supply station, and the power supply is less than the electricity demand. At this time, there is a problem of time mismatch in the supply and demand of heat energy in the energy supply station. At the same time, it is necessary to increase power supply equipment to increase the power supply. Retrofit plan: Refer to the retrofit plans of Situations 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 9; Situation 13: There is both heat replenishment and heat waste in the energy supply station, and the power supply is greater than the electricity demand. At this time, there is a problem of time mismatch in the supply and demand of heat energy in the energy supply station. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the power supply. Retrofit plan: Refer to the retrofit plans of Situations 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 10; Situation 14: There is both electricity replenishment and electricity waste in the energy supply station, and the heat supply is less than the heat demand. At this time, there is a problem of time mismatch in the supply and demand of electric energy in the energy supply station. At the same time, it is necessary to increase heating equipment to supplement the shortage of heat. Retrofit plan: Refer to the retrofit solutions for Cases 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11; Case 15: There is both electricity replenishment and electricity waste in the energy supply station, and the heat supply is greater than the heat demand. At this time, there is a problem of temporal mismatch in the supply and demand of electric energy in the energy supply station. At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the heat supply. Retrofit solution: Refer to the retrofit solutions for Cases 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, and 11; Case 16: There is both electricity replenishment and electricity waste, as well as heat replenishment and heat waste in the energy supply station. At this time, there are temporal mismatch problems in the supply and demand of both electric energy and heat energy in the energy supply station. Retrofit solution: Refer to any of the retrofit solutions for the above-mentioned Cases 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.

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