An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device for extracting test plant fibers, which includes a housing. A cutting device, a transmission device, a solid-liquid separation device, a lifting device and a display are arranged inside the housing. The transmission device is connected to the cutting device and the solid-liquid separation device, and the lifting device is connected to the solid-liquid separation device and the display; the solid-liquid separation device includes a spiral fan blade and a water-permeable net cylinder. The water-permeable net cylinder is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the spiral fan blade. The pitch and thickness of the spiral fan blade gradually decrease along the direction of the plant fiber residue outlet. The spiral fan blade includes a flexible outer wrapper and an elastic buffer body. The elastic buffer body is arranged between adjacent layers of the flexible outer wrapper, and the strength of the elastic buffer body is greater than that of the flexible outer wrapper. In the present invention, the plant residue is cut evenly, and it can directly send the uncut and untreated plants into the device for processing to extract fibers; the linkage mechanism device is separated from the main body cutting and solid-liquid separation device, and the linkage device has a simple structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to an extraction device, and specifically relates to an experimental device for extracting test plant fibers. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the extensive attention of humans to the environment and sustainable development, bio-based materials have been widely used in the fields of life and engineering. Since man-made fibers are derived from non-renewable resources, they have disadvantages such as being difficult to degrade and having high costs. In contrast, plant fibers have advantages such as high specific strength and specific modulus, low cost, renewable, degradable, and environmentally friendly, and have become ideal substitutes for man-made fibers. Natural plant fibers have many advantages such as being renewable and recyclable, low cost, low density, and environmentally friendly, and are widely used in fields such as building modules, automotive components, and chemical material extraction.

[0003] When conducting experiments related to plant fibers in the laboratory, such as studying the mechanical properties of bagasse composite soil and developing degradable plant fiber composites, a large amount of plant fiber raw materials are usually required. However, plant residues usually bring great difficulties to the production of test specimens and the conduct of experiments due to reasons such as large volume, difficult to cut, and high water content. The treatment of plant residues often hinders the progress of the experiment due to insufficient treatment and failure to achieve ideal results.

[0004] Chinese Patent with application number 202011013440.2 discloses a plant screening device. The technical problem of the present invention is: to provide a plant screening device, which is provided with a screening mechanism, a segmentation mechanism, a limiting mechanism, and a feeding mechanism. When the device is in use, first, the device is started and adjusted through the control panel on the workbench connected to the bottom column, and then the bagasse with sugarcane peel is manually placed into the feeding mechanism, and the bagasse with sugarcane peel is ground through the feeding mechanism, so that the sugarcane peel and the bagasse are no longer closely attached. However, during the grinding and separation process of the sugarcane peel and the bagasse, a small amount of liquid will be generated, which will have an adverse effect on the device components. This invention does not mention the separation of the liquid, nor does it indicate the treatment of the liquid. In addition, this invention has too many transmission connections, is not concise enough, cannot efficiently separate the sugarcane peel and the bagasse, and the transmission connection device and the sugarcane residue treatment platform cannot be separately separated, and the distance is too close. Once the sugarcane residue falls into the transmission device, it will hinder the operation of the entire device. It cannot efficiently separate the sugarcane peel and the bagasse, and the collection box cannot display the amount of sugarcane residue, and cannot timely process the sugarcane residue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Object of the Invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for extracting test plant fibers with uniform cutting of plant residues.

[0006] Technical solution: An experimental device for extracting experimental plant fibers of the present invention comprises a shell, a cutting device, a transmission device, a solid-liquid separation device and a lifting device are arranged in the shell, the transmission device is connected to the cutting device and the solid-liquid separation device, and the lifting device is connected to the solid-liquid separation device and the display; the solid-liquid separation device comprises a spiral blade and a water-permeable mesh cylinder, a water-permeable mesh cylinder is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the spiral blade, the pitch and thickness of the spiral blade are gradually reduced along the outlet direction of the plant fiber residue, which is beneficial to the solid-liquid separation process. Considering that the plant residue at the front end has a larger volume and more quantity, the pitch of the first large and then small, and the thickness of the blade of the first thick and then thin can provide a suitable first large and then small extrusion force according to the amount and size of the plant residue in the solid-liquid separation process, thereby protecting the blade from being severely worn. The spiral blade comprises a flexible outer package and an elastic buffer body, the elastic buffer body is arranged between two adjacent layers of the flexible outer package, the strength of the elastic buffer body is greater than the strength of the flexible outer package, and the elastic buffer body in the blade can be squeezed in the process of the plant residue being squeezed, and the elastic buffer body in the blade is also squeezed. The rebound force generated by the squeeze squeezes the plant residue again, so that the plant residue is squeezed more fully.

[0007] Furthermore, the pitch of the spiral blade is 10 to 80 mm and the thickness is 2 to 10 mm, which can better allow the liquid to be completely thrown out and at the same time provide buffering and protection for the shell. By setting a reasonable porosity, pitch and blade thickness, the moisture in the plant residue can be fully squeezed out. The porosity of the permeable mesh tube is 60%.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting device includes a generator, a central control shaft, a main gear, a track 1, a driven gear 1, a driven gear 2, outer disc gear teeth, a driven shaft, a driven spiral cutter and an active spiral cutter. The generator is connected to the main gear through the central control shaft, the main gear is connected to the driven gear 1 through the track 1, the driven gear 1 rotates coaxially with the driven gear 2, the driven gear 2 is meshed with the outer disc gear teeth, the outer disc gear teeth are connected to the driven spiral cutter through the driven shaft, the driven spiral cutter is meshed with the active spiral cutter, and the active spiral cutter is connected to the central control shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission device includes a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a fixed rod, a rotating cylinder and a driven rotating shaft. The fourth gear is connected to the central control shaft, the third gear is meshed with the second gear and the fourth gear respectively, the second gear is connected to the first gear through the fixed rod, the first gear is meshed with the rotating cylinder, and the rotating cylinder is connected to the driven rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the lifting device includes a storage barrel, a tray, roller one, roller two, roller three, roller four, a wheel track, support rod one, support rod two, a threaded part, a rotating threaded rod, a fifth gear, a sixth gear, a seventh gear, a second caterpillar track and a third caterpillar track. A tray is arranged inside the storage barrel and is located above roller one and roller three. Roller one and roller two are fixedly hinged, and roller three and roller four can slide along the wheel track. Support rod one is respectively connected to roller two and roller three, and support rod two is respectively connected to roller one and roller four. Support rod one and support rod two are hinged to each other. The threaded part is connected to roller four and sleeved on the rotating threaded rod. The rotating threaded rod rotates coaxially with the sixth gear. The sixth gear is connected to the seventh gear through the second caterpillar track, and the seventh gear is connected to the fifth gear through the third caterpillar track.

[0011] Furthermore, the fifth gear is connected to a handle. A pressure sensing piece is arranged on the inner wall of the storage barrel. The pressure sensing piece transmits information to a sensor, and the sensor is connected to a display for easy observation and monitoring.

[0012] Furthermore, a feeding port is arranged on the housing and is located above the driven spiral knife and the driving spiral knife of the cutting device.

[0013] Furthermore, a liquid outlet is arranged on the housing corresponding to the lower part of the solid-liquid separation device. The housing connected to the liquid outlet is inclined to gather the liquid to the liquid outlet, which is beneficial to the smooth discharge of the liquid.

[0014] Working principle: When test plant fibers such as sugarcane blocks enter through the feeding port, the generator first drives the central control shaft to rotate. The main gear connected to the central control shaft starts to rotate, driving the first caterpillar track to be transmitted between the main gear and the first driven gear. The first driven gear starts to rotate, driving the second driven gear to rotate. The second driven gear rotates along the outer disc gear, thus driving the rotation of the driven shaft. The two spiral knives bite and rotate to cut the plant residue. At the same time, the rotation of the central control shaft drives the fourth gear to rotate. The rotation of the fourth gear causes the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the rotating cylinder to rotate, and then causes the driven rotating shaft to rotate. Then the entire solid-liquid separation device rotates, squeezing out the water in the plant residue and discharging it through the liquid outlet. The remaining plant residue enters the storage barrel. The amount of plant residue in the barrel is transmitted to the display through the pressure sensing piece. When it is necessary to take out the plant residue, turn the handle, and through the transmission of the second caterpillar track and the third caterpillar track, lift the tray, thus lifting out the plant residue in the storage barrel.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant features:

[0016] 1. The plant residue is cut evenly, and it can directly send the uncut and untreated plants into the device for processing to extract fibers;

[0017] 2. Separate the linkage mechanism device from the main body cutting and solid-liquid separation device. Considering that the moisture in the plant residue used in the experiment will cause inconvenience to the experiment, the linkage device has a simple structure, reasonable structural arrangement, occupies a relatively small space, is easy to operate, greatly reduces the labor and time costs of solid-liquid separation of plant fibers, and improves the efficiency of solid-liquid separation of plant fibers.

[0018] 3. Through the pitch that gradually decreases from large to small, the blade thickness that gradually decreases from thick to thin, and the three-layer blade structure in the solid-liquid separation device, it can enable the plant fibers to achieve full solid-liquid separation, improving the recycling rate of plant fibers.

[0019] 4. Applying the pressure sensor and display to the storage of plant residue can display the fiber quantity in the storage bucket in real time, facilitating the timely processing of the processed plant fibers and promptly lifting out the processed plant residue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the top view of the cutting device 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is the connection schematic diagram of the first driven gear 205 and the second driven gear 206 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the first crawler 204 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is the top view of the transmission device 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is the left view of the transmission device 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is the cross-sectional view of the spiral fan blade 401 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is the front view of the lifting device 5 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 is the right view of the lifting device 5 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 is the top view of the lifting device 5 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] As Figure 1The shell 1 of the experimental device for extracting test plant fibers contains a cutting device 2, a transmission device 3, a solid-liquid separation device 4 and a lifting device 5. The plant residue enters the cutting device 2 along the feed port 10, is roughly cut by the cutting device 2, and then enters the solid-liquid separation device 4 along the cutting and crushing passage 12. The solid-liquid separation device 4 discharges the excess liquid to the liquid outlet 11, and the remaining residue enters the lifting device 5. There are several vertically arranged pressure sensing sheets 8 in the lifting device 5. The pressure sensing sheets 8 transmit information to the sensor 9 through wires, and finally display the results on the display 6. The liquid outlet 11 corresponds to the bottom of the solid-liquid separation device. The shell 1 connected to the liquid outlet 11 is tilted to gather the liquid to the liquid outlet 11.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 4 The cutting device 2 includes a generator 201, a central control shaft 202, a main gear 203, a crawler track 1 204, a driven gear 1 205, a driven gear 2 206, an outer disc gear 207, a driven shaft 208, a driven spiral cutter 209 and an active spiral cutter 210. A main gear 203 is arranged at the center of the cutting device 2, and the generator 201 is connected to the main gear 203 through the central control shaft 202. The edge of the cutting device 2 is a driven gear 1 205 and a driven gear 2 206. The main gear 203 is connected to the driven gear 1 205 through the crawler track 1 204 and rotates synchronously. The driven gear 1 205 and the driven gear 2 206 are fixedly connected and coaxially rotated by a rod, the driven gear 2 206 is meshed and connected with the outer disc gear 207, the outer disc gear 207 is fixedly connected and coaxially rotated with the driven shaft 208, and the driven shaft 208 is fixedly connected with the driven spiral cutter 209. The driven spiral cutter 209 is engaged with the active spiral cutter 210, and the active spiral cutter 210 is fixedly connected to the central control shaft 202. The feed port 10 is above the driven spiral cutter 209 and the active spiral cutter 210. The driven spiral cutter 209 and the active spiral cutter 210 are arranged in the cutting and crushing channel 12, and the surface is spirally surrounding the cutter body.

[0032] The generator 201 at the top of the cutting and crushing channel 12 first rotates the central control shaft 202, and the main gear 203 connected to the central control shaft 202 starts to rotate, driving the crawler belt 1 204 to transmit between the main gear 203 and the driven gear 1 205, and the driven gear 1 205 starts to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear 2 206 to rotate. Because the driven gear 206 is engaged with the outer disc gear 207, the driven gear 206 will rotate along the outer ring, thereby driving the rotation of the driven shaft 208. When the central control shaft 2022 rotates under the action of the generator 201, the driven spiral cutter 209 and the active spiral cutter 210 connected to the central control shaft 202 rotate by themselves, and the driven shaft 208 moves in a circle around the central control shaft 202 due to the action of the driven gear 206, and the driven spiral cutter 209 connected to the driven shaft 208 moves in a circle along the active spiral cutter 210, so that the plant residue leaking along the feed inlet 10 can be shredded.

[0033] As Figures 5 to 6 , the transmission device 3 includes a first gear 301, a second gear 302, a third gear 303, a fourth gear 304, a fixed rod 305, a rotating cylinder 306 and a driven rotating shaft 307. The fourth gear 304 is fixedly connected to the central control shaft 202. The third gear 303 is respectively meshed and connected with the second gear 302 and the fourth gear 304. The second gear 302 is fixedly connected to the first gear 301 through the fixed rod 305 and rotates coaxially. The first gear 301 is meshed and connected with the rotating cylinder 306. The rotating cylinder 306 and the driven rotating shaft 307 are fixedly connected through a fixing member and rotate coaxially. The surface of the rotating cylinder 306 is in a thread shape.

[0034] When the central control shaft 202 rotates, it drives the fourth gear 304 to rotate, and then drives the third gear 303 and the second gear 302 that are sequentially meshed to rotate. When the second gear 302 rotates, the first gear 301 connected to it through the fixed rod member is rotated, and the rotating cylinder 306 meshed and connected with the first gear 301 starts to rotate self - rotationally, thereby driving the driven rotating shaft 307 to rotate. The driven rotating shaft 307 passes through the center of the entire solid - liquid separation device 4 and supports all the structures.

[0035] As Figure 7 , the solid - liquid separation device 4 includes a spiral fan blade 401 and a water - permeable net cylinder 402. The spiral fan blades 401 are spirally distributed on the driven rotating shaft 307, and a water - permeable net cylinder 402 is wrapped around the periphery of the spiral fan blades 401. When the plant residues in the cutting and crushing channel 12 are discharged into the solid - liquid separation device 4, considering that the amount of plant residues in the solid - liquid separation device 4 is more at first and then less during the treatment process, the plant residues at the front, due to their large volume and large quantity, will cause wear and tear on the spiral fan blades 401. Therefore, the thickness of the spiral fan blades 401 is adopted in the way of being thick at first and then thin, and the arrangement of the spiral fan blades 401 is adopted in the way of being sparse at first and then dense to reduce the loss of the spiral fan blades 401 during operation and enhance its extrusion ability for plant residues and the processing ability of solid - liquid separation. The maximum pitch of the spiral fan blades 401 is not greater than 80 mm, the minimum pitch is not less than 10 mm, the maximum thickness is not greater than 10 mm, and the minimum thickness is not less than 2 mm. The spiral fan blades 401 are of a three - layer structure. The outermost two layers are flexible outer packages 4011 to bear the frictional force and extrusion force generated by solid plant residues. The middle layer is an elastic buffer body 4012, which can generate a contraction deformation force under the pressure extrusion of solid plant residues and at the same time provides a resilience force. The strength of the elastic buffer body 4012 is greater than that of the flexible outer package 4011. The porosity of the water - permeable net cylinder 402 is 60%. During the working process, the entire spiral fan blades 401 extrude the solid plant residues under the action of the elastic buffer body 4012, so as to more effectively squeeze out the water in the plant residues, and the excess water discharged passes through the water - permeable net cylinder 402 and is discharged from the liquid outlet 11.

[0036] AsFigures 8 to 10 , the lifting device 5 includes a storage barrel 501, a tray 502, a first roller 503, a second roller 504, a third roller 505, a fourth roller 506, a track 507, a first support rod 508, a second support rod 509, a threaded member 510, a rotating threaded rod 511, a fifth gear 512, a sixth gear 513, a seventh gear 514, a second track 515 and a third track 516. There is a tray 502 inside the storage barrel 501. The tray 502 is arranged above the first roller 503 and the third roller 505. The first roller 503 and the second roller 504 are fixedly hinged. The third roller 505 and the fourth roller 506 can slide along the track 507. The first support rod 508 is respectively connected to the second roller 504 and the third roller 505. The second support rod 509 is respectively connected to the first roller 503 and the fourth roller 506. The first support rod 508 and the second support rod 509 are hinged to each other. The threaded member 510 is connected to the fourth roller 506 and sleeved on the rotating threaded rod 511. The rotating threaded rod 511 rotates coaxially with the sixth gear 513. The sixth gear 513 is connected to the seventh gear 514 through the second track 515. The seventh gear 514 is connected to the fifth gear 512 through the third track 516 in the horizontal direction.

[0037] A handle 7 is externally connected to the fifth gear 512. There is a pressure sensing piece 8 on the inner wall of the storage barrel 501.

[0038] When the discharged solid plant residue enters the lifting device 5, when the plant residue in the storage barrel 501 accumulates to a certain amount, it will squeeze the pressure sensing piece 8. The pressure sensing piece 8 transmits the pressure information to the sensor 9 when being squeezed. The sensor 9 displays the information on the display 6, so that the amount of plant residue in the storage barrel 501 can be displayed, and the user can process the plant residue in time according to the displayed amount of plant residue.

[0039] When the plant residue in the storage barrel 201 needs to be cleaned, the user can rotate the handle 7. First, it drives the fifth gear 512 to rotate. The fifth gear 512 drives the seventh gear 514 to rotate through the third track 516. The rotation of the seventh gear 514 drives the rotation of the sixth gear 513 through the third track 516. When the fifth gear 512 rotates, the rotating threaded rod 511 fixedly connected to it starts to rotate. Under the rotation action of the rotating threaded rod 511, the threaded member 510 starts to perform a rotational movement in the horizontal direction, driving the fourth roller 506 and the third roller 505 to slide on the track 507. The first roller 503 and the second roller 504 rotate fixedly at fixed positions. The angle between the two first support rods 508 and the second support rods 509 changes, and the support rod drives the tray 502 to lift. Thus, the plant residue in the storage barrel 201 is lifted.

Claims

1. An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), wherein a cutting device (2), a transmission device (3), a solid-liquid separation device (4) and a lifting device (5) are arranged in the shell (1), wherein the transmission device (3) is connected to the cutting device (2) and the solid-liquid separation device (4), and the lifting device (5) is connected to the solid-liquid separation device (4) and a display (6); the solid-liquid separation device (4) comprises a spiral blade (401) and a water-permeable net cylinder (402), wherein the water-permeable net cylinder (402) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the spiral blade (401), wherein the pitch and thickness of the spiral blade (401) both gradually decrease along the plant fiber residue outlet direction, and wherein the spiral blade (401) comprises a flexible outer enclosure (4011) and an elastic buffer (4012), wherein the elastic buffer (4012) is arranged between two adjacent layers of the flexible outer enclosure (4011), and wherein the strength of the elastic buffer (4012) is greater than the strength of the flexible outer enclosure (4011); The spiral blade (401) has a pitch of 10 to 80 mm and a thickness of 2 to 10 mm; The transmission device (3) comprises a first gear (301), a second gear (302), a third gear (303), a fourth gear (304), a fixed rod (305), a rotating cylinder (306) and a driven rotating shaft (307); the fourth gear (304) is connected to the central control shaft (202); the third gear (303) is meshed with the second gear (302) and the fourth gear (304) respectively; the second gear (302) is connected to the first gear (301) via the fixed rod (305); the first gear (301) is meshed with the rotating cylinder (306); and the rotating cylinder (306) is connected to the driven rotating shaft (307); The spiral blades (401) are distributed in a spiral shape on the driven rotating shaft (307), and the outer periphery of the spiral blades (401) is wrapped with a layer of water-permeable mesh cylinder (402).

2. The experimental device for extracting test plant fibers according to claim 1, wherein: The cutting device (2) comprises a generator (201), a central control shaft (202), a main gear (203), a crawler track (204), a driven gear (205), a driven gear (206), outer disc gears (207), a driven shaft (208), a driven spiral cutter (209) and a driving spiral cutter (210); the generator (201) is connected to the main gear (203) via the central control shaft (202); the main gear (203) is connected to the crawler track (204) via the driven gear (205), a driven gear (206), an outer disc gear (207), a driven shaft (208), a driven spiral cutter (209) and a driving spiral cutter (210); The driven gear 204 is connected to the driven gear 1 (205), the driven gear 1 (205) rotates coaxially with the driven gear 2 (206), the driven gear 2 (206) meshes with the outer disc gear (207), the outer disc gear (207) is connected to the driven spiral cutter (209) through the driven shaft (208), the driven spiral cutter (209) is meshed with the active spiral cutter (210), and the active spiral cutter (210) is connected to the central control shaft (202).

3. An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (5) includes a storage barrel (501), a tray (502), a first roller (503), a second roller (504), a third roller (505), a fourth roller (506), a wheel track (507), a first support rod (508), a second support rod (509), a threaded member (510), a rotating threaded rod (511), a fifth gear (512), a sixth gear (513), a seventh gear (514), a second track (515) and a third track (516). A tray (502) is arranged inside the storage barrel (501). The tray (502) is arranged above the first roller (503) and the third roller (505). The first roller (503) and the second roller (504) are fixedly hinged. The third roller (505) and the fourth roller (506) can slide along the wheel track (507). The first support rod (508) is respectively connected to the second roller (504) and the third roller (505). The second support rod (509) is respectively connected to the first roller (503) and the fourth roller (506). The first support rod (508) and the second support rod (509) are hinged to each other. The threaded member (510) is connected to the fourth roller (506) and sleeved on the rotating threaded rod (511). The rotating threaded rod (511) rotates coaxially with the sixth gear (513). The sixth gear (513) is connected to the seventh gear (514) through the second track (515). The seventh gear (514) is connected to the fifth gear (512) through the third track (516).

4. An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fifth gear (512) is connected to the handle (7).

5. An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure sensing sheet (8) is arranged on the inner wall of the storage barrel (501). The pressure sensing sheet (8) transmits information to the sensor (9). The sensor (9) is connected to the display (6).

6. An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding port (10) is arranged on the housing (1). The feeding port (10) is arranged above the driven spiral knife (209) and the driving spiral knife (210) of the cutting device (2).

7. An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid outlet (11) is arranged on the housing (1) corresponding to the lower part of the solid-liquid separation device (4).

8. An experimental device for extracting test plant fibers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (1) connected to the liquid outlet (11) is inclined to converge the liquid to the liquid outlet (11).

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